WO2019104545A1 - Gestion de rach en mode connecté optimisé pour iot nb afin d'améliorer le débit - Google Patents

Gestion de rach en mode connecté optimisé pour iot nb afin d'améliorer le débit Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019104545A1
WO2019104545A1 PCT/CN2017/113633 CN2017113633W WO2019104545A1 WO 2019104545 A1 WO2019104545 A1 WO 2019104545A1 CN 2017113633 W CN2017113633 W CN 2017113633W WO 2019104545 A1 WO2019104545 A1 WO 2019104545A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
search space
npdcch
rar
timing
start timing
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PCT/CN2017/113633
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English (en)
Inventor
Avinash Manda
Chun-Hao Hsu
Zhibin DANG
Nilotpal Dhar
Dominique Bressanelli
Sivaguru NARASAREDDY
Xianwei ZHU
Junsheng Han
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Qualcomm Incorporated
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Priority to PCT/CN2017/113633 priority Critical patent/WO2019104545A1/fr
Publication of WO2019104545A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019104545A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
    • H04W72/1263—Mapping of traffic onto schedule, e.g. scheduled allocation or multiplexing of flows
    • H04W72/1268—Mapping of traffic onto schedule, e.g. scheduled allocation or multiplexing of flows of uplink data flows
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0044—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path allocation of payload
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0053—Allocation of signaling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0091—Signaling for the administration of the divided path
    • H04L5/0094—Indication of how sub-channels of the path are allocated
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access

Definitions

  • the following relates generally to unlicensed, wireless communication, and more specifically to uplink communications.
  • Wireless communications systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and so on. These systems may be capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing the available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power) . Examples of such multiple-access systems include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, and orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems.
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • TDMA time division multiple access
  • FDMA frequency division multiple access
  • OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
  • a wireless multiple-access communications system may include a number of base stations, each simultaneously supporting communication for multiple communication devices, which may be otherwise known as user equipment (UE) .
  • UE user equipment
  • the method, and apparatus may include a UE waiting for a NB-IoT physical random access channel (NPRACH) occasion to transmit a NPRACH preamble, the UE monitoring the search space for UE specific radio network temporary identifier (C-RNTI) narrowband physical downlink control channel (NPDCCH) candidates which carry UL grants, the UE aborting the opportunity to send the NPRACH preamble if the physical layer UE receives a UL grant, the UE sending UL data to the eNB, and the UE continuing to monitor the search space for valid C-RNTI NPDCCH candidates for downlink control information (DCI) grants.
  • NPRACH physical random access channel
  • C-RNTI radio network temporary identifier
  • NPDCCH narrowband physical downlink control channel
  • Another method, and apparatus which includes the UE calculating an NPDCCH search space start timing, the UE monitoring a random access response (RAR) window start timing, and the UE receiving the RAR if the RAR window starts before the next NPDCCH search space.
  • RAR random access response
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating an example telecommunications system, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example logical architecture of a distributed RAN, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example physical architecture of a distributed RAN, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating a design of an example base station (BS) and user equipment (UE) , in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5A is a diagram illustrating an example of a downlink (DL) -centric subframe according to some aspects of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5B is a diagram illustrating an example of an uplink (UL) -centric subframe according to some aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 discloses a RACH procedure’s message flow
  • FIG. 7 is an example of D2D communication between two UEs on an unlicensed band
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a search space with different repetitions
  • FIG. 9 shows RAR window timing
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating the steps taken before sending a RAR to ensure proper timing
  • FIG. 11 illustrates the steps taken to compute NPRACH start timing and compare it with the RAR window timing
  • FIG. 12 illustrates certain components that may be included within a base station
  • FIG. 13 illustrates certain components that may be included within a wireless communication device.
  • subcarrier spacing may be scaled.
  • the waveforms selected for 5G include cyclic prefix-orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (CP-OFDM) and DFT-Spread (DFT-S) OFDM.
  • CP-OFDM cyclic prefix-orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing
  • DFT-S DFT-Spread
  • 5G allows for switching between both CP OFDM and DFT-S-OFDM on the uplink to get the MIMO spatial multiplexing benefit of CP-OFDM and the link budget benefit of DFT-SOFDM.
  • OFDM orthogonal frequency-division multiple access
  • SC-FDMA Single-Carrier Frequency-Division Multiple Access
  • the DFT-s-OFDMA scheme spreads a plurality of data symbols (i.e., a data symbol sequence) over a frequency domain which is different from the OFDMA scheme. Also, in comparison to the OFDMA scheme, the DFT-s-OFDMA scheme can greatly reduce a PAPR of a transmission signal.
  • the DFT-s-OFDMA scheme may also be referred to as an SC-FDMA scheme.
  • Scalable OFDM multi-tone numerology is another feature of 5G.
  • Prior versions of LTE supported a mostly fixed OFDM numerology of 15 kHz spacing between OFDM tones (often called subcarriers) and carrier bandwidths up to 20 MHz.
  • Scalable OFDM numerology has been introduced in 5G to support diverse spectrum bands/types and deployment models.
  • 5G NR is able to operate in mmWave bands that have wider channel widths (e.g., 100s of MHz) than currently in use in LTE.
  • the OFDM subcarrier spacing is able to scale with the channel width, so the FFT size scales such that processing complexity does not increase unnecessarily for wider bandwidths.
  • numerology refers to the different values different features of a communication system can take such as subcarrier spacing, cyclic prefix, symbol length, FFT size, TTI, etc.
  • unlicensed spectrum may occupy frequencies up to 60 GHz also known as mmWave.
  • LAA licensed-assisted
  • LTE Unlicensed A first member of this technology family is referred to as LTE Unlicensed or LTE-U.
  • LTE-U By aggregating LTE in unlicensed spectrum with an ‘anchor’ channel in licensed spectrum, faster downloads are enabled for customers. Also, LTE-U shares the unlicensed spectrum fairly with Wi-Fi. This is an advantage because in the 5GHz unlicensed band where Wi-Fi devices are in wide use, it is desirable for LTE-U to coexist with the Wi-Fi. However, an LTE-U network may cause RF interference to an existing co-channel Wi-Fi device. Choosing a preferred operating channel and minimizing the interference caused to nearby Wi-Fi networks is a goal for LTE-U devices.
  • the LTE-U single carrier (SC) device may operate on the same channel as Wi-Fi if all available channels are occupied by Wi-Fi devices.
  • This energy detection (ED) mechanism informs the device of ongoing transmissions by other nodes. Based on this ED information, a device decides if it should transmit. Wi-Fi devices do not back off to LTE-U unless its interference level is above an energy detection threshold (-62dBm over 20MHz) .
  • an energy detection threshold -62dBm over 20MHz
  • Licensed Assisted Access or LAA is another member of the unlicensed technology family. Like LTE-U, it also uses an anchor channel in licensed spectrum. However, it also adds “listen before talk” (LBT) to the LTE functionality.
  • LBT listen before talk
  • a gating interval may be used to gain access to a channel of a shared spectrum.
  • the gating interval may determine the application of a contention-based protocol such as an LBT protocol.
  • the gating interval may indicate when a Clear Channel Assessment (CCA) is performed. Whether a channel of the shared unlicensed spectrum is available or in use is determined by the CCA. If the channel is ′′clear′′ for use, i.e., available, the gating interval may allow the transmitting apparatus to use the channel. Access to the channel is typically for a predefined transmission interval. Thus, with unlicensed spectrum, a “listen before talk” procedure is performed before transmitting a message. If the channel is not cleared for use, then a device will not transmit.
  • CCA Clear Channel Assessment
  • LTE-WLAN Aggregation Another member of this family of unlicensed technologies is LTE-WLAN Aggregation or LWA which utilizes both LTE and Wi-Fi. Accounting for both channel conditions, LWA can split a single data flow into two data flows which allows both the LTE and the Wi-Fi channel to be used for an application. Instead of competing with Wi-Fi, the LTE signal is using the WLAN connections seamlessly to increase capacity.
  • MulteFire The final member of this family of unlicensed technologies is MulteFire.
  • MuLTEfire opens up new opportunities by operating 4G LTE technology solely in unlicensed spectrum such as the global 5 GHz.
  • MulteFire allows entities without any access to licensed spectrum.
  • LTE-U and LAA the entities without any access to licensed spectrum.
  • MulteFire operates in unlicensed spectrum on a standalone basis, that is, without any anchor channel in the licensed spectrum.
  • MulteFire differs from LTE-U, LAA and LWA because they aggregate unlicensed spectrum with an anchor in licensed spectrum. Without relying on licensed spectrum as the anchoring service, MulteFire allows for Wi-Fi like deployments.
  • a MulteFire network may include access points (APs) and/or base stations 105 communicating in an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band, e.g., without an licensed anchor carrier.
  • APs access points
  • base stations 105 communicating in an unlicensed radio frequency spectrum band, e.g., without an licensed
  • the (DRS Measurement Timing Configuration) is a technique that allows MulteFire to transmit but with minimal interference to other unlicensed technology including Wi-Fi. Additionally, the periodicity of discovery signals is very sparse. This allows Multefire to access channels occasionally, transmit discovery and control signals, and then vacate the channels. Since the unlicensed spectrum is shared with other radios of similar or dissimilar wireless technologies, a so-called listen-before-talk (LBT) method is applied for channel sensing. LBT involves sensing the medium for a pre-defined minimum amount of time and backing off if the channel is busy. Therefore, the initial random access (RA) procedure for standalone LTE-U should involve as few transmissions as possible and also have low latency, such that the number of LBT operations can be minimized and the RA procedure can then be completed as quickly as possible.
  • LBT listen-before-talk
  • MulteFire algorithms search and decode reference signals in unlicensed band from neighboring base stations in order to know which base station would best for serving the user. As the caller moves past one base station, their UE sends a measurement report to it, triggering a handover at the right moment, and transferring the caller (and all of their content and information) to the next base station.
  • DMTC DRS Measurement Timing Configuration
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • Wi-Fi Wi-Fi Channel Usage Beacon Signal
  • ulteFire was designed to “hear” a neighboring Wi-Fi base station′s transmission (because it′s all unlicensed spectrum) .
  • MulteFire listens first, and autonomously makes the decision to transfer when there is no other neighboring Wi-Fi transmitting on the same channel. This technique ensures co-existence between MulteFire and Wi-Fi.
  • MulteFire′s LBT design is identical to the standards defined in 3GPP for LAA/eLAA and complies with ETSI rules.
  • 5G spectrum sharing enables enhancement, expansion, and upgrade of the spectrum sharing technologies introduced in LTE. These include LTE Wi-Fi Aggregation (LWA) , License Assisted Access (LAA) , and CBRS/License Shared Access (LSA) .
  • LWA LTE Wi-Fi Aggregation
  • LAA License Assisted Access
  • LSA CBRS/License Shared Access
  • aspects of the disclosure are initially described in the context of a wireless communication system. Aspects of the disclosure are then illustrated by and described with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts that relate to receiving on transmit and transmitting on receive.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an example wireless network 100, such as a new radio (NR) or 5G network, in which aspects of the present disclosure may be performed.
  • NR new radio
  • 5G 5th Generation
  • the wireless network 100 may include a number of BSs 110 and other network entities.
  • a BS 110 may be a station that communicates with UEs 120.
  • Each BS 110 may provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area.
  • the term “cell” can refer to a coverage area of a Node B and/or a Node B subsystem serving this coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used.
  • the term “cell” and eNB, Node B, 5G NB, AP, NR BS, NR BS, 5G Radio NodeB (gNB) , or TRP may be interchangeable.
  • a cell may not necessarily be stationary, and the geographic area of the cell may move according to the location of a mobile base station 120.
  • the base stations 110 may be interconnected to one another and/or to one or more other base stations 110 or network nodes (not shown) in the wireless network 100 through various types of backhaul interfaces such as a direct physical connection, a virtual network, or the like using any suitable transport network.
  • any number of wireless networks may be deployed in a given geographic area.
  • Each wireless network may support a particular radio access technology (RAT) and may operate on one or more frequencies.
  • a RAT may also be referred to as a radio technology, an air interface, etc.
  • a frequency may also be referred to as a carrier, a frequency channel, etc.
  • Each frequency may support a single RAT in a given geographic area in order to avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs.
  • NR or 5G RAT networks may be deployed.
  • a BS 110 may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, a femto cell, and/or other types of cell.
  • a macro cell may cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with service subscription.
  • a pico cell may cover a relatively small geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs 120 with service subscription.
  • a femto cell may cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and may allow restricted access by UEs 120 having association with the femto cell (e.g., UEs in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG) , UEs for users in the home, etc. ) .
  • CSG Closed Subscriber Group
  • a BS 110 for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro BS 110.
  • a BS for a pico cell may be referred to as a pico BS.
  • a BS for a femto cell may be referred to as a femto BS or a home BS.
  • the BSs 110a, 110b and 110c may be macro BSs for the macro cells 102a, 102b and 102c, respectively.
  • the BS 110x may be a pico BS for a pico cell 102x.
  • the BSs 110y and 110z may be femto BS for the femto cells 102y and 102z, respectively.
  • a BS may support one or multiple (e.g., three) cells.
  • the wireless network 100 may also include relay stations.
  • a relay station is a station that receives a transmission of data and/or other information from an upstream station (e.g., a BS or a UE) and sends a transmission of the data and/or other information to a downstream station (e.g., a UE or a BS) .
  • a relay station may also be a UE that relays transmissions for other UEs.
  • a relay station 110r may communicate with the BS 110a and a UE 120r in order to facilitate communication between the BS 110a and the UE 120r.
  • a relay station may also be referred to as a relay BS, a relay, etc.
  • the wireless network 100 may be a heterogeneous network that includes BSs of different types, e.g., macro BS, pico BS, femto BS, relays, etc. These different types of BSs may have different transmit power levels, different coverage areas, and different impact on interference in the wireless network 100.
  • macro BS may have a high transmit power level (e.g., 20 Watts) whereas pico BS, femto BS, and relays may have a lower transmit power level (e.g., 1 Watt) .
  • the wireless network 100 may support synchronous or asynchronous operation.
  • the BSs may have similar frame timing, and transmissions from different BSs may be approximately aligned in time.
  • the BSs may have different frame timing, and transmissions from different BSs may not be aligned in time.
  • the techniques described herein may be used for both synchronous and asynchronous operation.
  • a network controller 130 may be coupled to a set of BSs and provide coordination and control for these BSs.
  • the network controller 130 may communicate with the BSs 110 via a backhaul.
  • the BSs 110 may also communicate with one another, e.g., directly or indirectly via wireless or wireline backhaul.
  • the UEs 120 may be dispersed throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE may be stationary or mobile.
  • a UE 120 may also be referred to as a mobile station, a terminal, an access terminal, a subscriber unit, a station, a Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) , a cellular phone, a smart phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a wireless modem, a wireless communication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordless phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet, a camera, a gaming device, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device or medical equipment, a healthcare device, a biometric sensor/device, a wearable device such as a smart watch, smart clothing, smart glasses, virtual reality goggles, a smart wrist band, smart jewelry (e.g., a smart ring, a smart bracelet, etc.
  • CPE Customer Premises Equipment
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • an entertainment device e.g., a music device, a video device, a satellite radio, etc.
  • a vehicular component or sensor e.g., a smart meter/sensor, a robot, a drone, industrial manufacturing equipment, a positioning device (e.g., GPS, Beidou, terrestrial) , or any other suitable device that is configured to communicate via a wireless or wired medium.
  • a positioning device e.g., GPS, Beidou, terrestrial
  • Some UEs may be considered machine-type communication (MTC) devices or evolved MTC (eMTC) devices, which may include remote devices that may communicate with a base station, another remote device, or some other entity.
  • MTC machine-type communication
  • eMTC evolved MTC
  • Machine type communications may refer to communication involving at least one remote device on at least one end of the communication and may include forms of data communication which involve one or more entities that do not necessarily need human interaction.
  • MTC UEs may include UEs that are capable of MTC communications with MTC servers and/or other MTC devices through Public Land Mobile Networks (PLMN) , for example.
  • PLMN Public Land Mobile Networks
  • MTC and eMTC UEs include, for example, robots, drones, remote devices, sensors, meters, monitors, cameras, location tags, etc., that may communicate with a BS, another device (e.g., remote device) , or some other entity.
  • a wireless node may provide, for example, connectivity for or to a network (e.g., a wide area network such as Internet or a cellular network) via a wired or wireless communication link.
  • MTC UEs may be implemented as Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices, e.g., narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) devices.
  • IoT Internet-of-Things
  • NB-IoT narrowband IoT
  • the UL and DL have higher periodicities and repetitions interval values as a UE decodes data in extended coverage.
  • a solid line with double arrows indicates desired transmissions between a UE and a serving BS, which is a BS designated to serve the UE on the downlink and/or uplink.
  • a dashed line with double arrows indicates interfering transmissions between a UE and a BS.
  • Certain wireless networks utilize orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) on the downlink and single-carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) on the uplink.
  • OFDM and SC-FDM partition the system bandwidth into multiple (K) orthogonal subcarriers, which are also commonly referred to as tones, bins, etc.
  • K orthogonal subcarriers
  • Each subcarrier may be modulated with data.
  • modulation symbols are sent in the frequency domain with OFDM and in the time domain with SC-FDM.
  • the spacing between adjacent subcarriers may be fixed, and the total number of subcarriers (K) may be dependent on the system bandwidth.
  • the spacing of the subcarriers may be 15 kHz and the minimum resource allocation (called a ‘resource block’ ) may be 12 subcarriers (or 180 kHz) . Consequently, the nominal FFT size may be equal to 128, 256, 512, 1024 or 2048 for system bandwidth of 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 or 20 megahertz (MHz) , respectively.
  • the system bandwidth may also be partitioned into subbands. For example, a subband may cover 1.08 MHz (e.g., 6 resource blocks) , and there may be 1, 2, 4, 8 or 16 subbands for system bandwidth of 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 or 20 MHz, respectively.
  • NR may utilize OFDM with a CP on the uplink and downlink and include support for half-duplex operation using time division duplex (TDD) .
  • TDD time division duplex
  • a single component carrier bandwidth of 100 MHz may be supported.
  • NR resource blocks may span 12 sub-carriers with a sub-carrier bandwidth of 75 kHz over a 0.1 ms duration.
  • Each radio frame may consist of 50 subframes with a length of 10 ms. Consequently, each subframe may have a length of 0.2 ms.
  • Each subframe may indicate a link direction (e.g., DL or UL) for data transmission and the link direction for each subframe may be dynamically switched.
  • Each subframe may include DL/UL data as well as DL/UL control data.
  • UL and DL subframes for NR may be as described in more detail below with respect to FIGs. 6 and 7.
  • Beamforming may be supported and beam direction may be dynamically configured.
  • MIMO transmissions with precoding may also be supported.
  • MIMO configurations in the DL may support up to 8 transmit antennas with multi-layer DL transmissions up to 8 streams and up to 2 streams per UE. Multi-layer transmissions with up to 2 streams per UE may be supported. Aggregation of multiple cells may be supported with up to 8 serving cells.
  • NR may support a different air interface, other than an OFDM-based.
  • NR networks may include entities such CUs and/or DUs.
  • a scheduling entity e.g., a base station
  • the scheduling entity may be responsible for scheduling, assigning, reconfiguring, and releasing resources for one or more subordinate entities. That is, for scheduled communication, subordinate entities utilize resources allocated by the scheduling entity.
  • Base stations are not the sole entities that may function as a scheduling entity. That is, in some examples, a UE may function as a scheduling entity, scheduling resources for one or more subordinate entities (e.g., one or more other UEs) .
  • the UE is functioning as a scheduling entity, and other UEs utilize resources scheduled by the UE for wireless communication.
  • a UE may function as a scheduling entity in a peer-to-peer (P2P) network, and/or in a mesh network.
  • P2P peer-to-peer
  • UEs may optionally communicate directly with one another in addition to communicating with the scheduling entity.
  • a scheduling entity and one or more subordinate entities may communicate utilizing the scheduled resources.
  • a RAN may include a CU and DUs.
  • a NR BS e.g., eNB, 5G Node B, Node B, transmission reception point (TRP) , access point (AP) , or gNB
  • NR cells can be configured as access cell (ACells) or data only cells (DCells) .
  • the RAN e.g., a central unit or distributed unit
  • DCells may be cells used for carrier aggregation or dual connectivity, but not used for initial access, cell selection/reselection, or handover. In some cases DCells may not transmit synchronization signals-in some case cases DCells may transmit SS.
  • NR BSs may transmit downlink signals to UEs indicating the cell type. Based on the cell type indication, the UE may communicate with the NR BS. For example, the UE may determine NR BSs to consider for cell selection, access, handover, and/or measurement based on the indicated cell type.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an example logical architecture of a distributed radio access network (RAN) 200, which may be implemented in the wireless communication system illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • a 5G access node 206 may include an access node controller (ANC) 202.
  • the ANC may be a central unit (CU) of the distributed RAN 200.
  • the backhaul interface to the next generation core network (NG-CN) 204 may terminate at the ANC.
  • the backhaul interface to neighboring next generation access nodes (NG-ANs) may terminate at the ANC.
  • the ANC may include one or more TRPs 208 (which may also be referred to as BSs, NR BSs, Node Bs, 5G NBs, APs, eNB, gNB, or some other term) .
  • TRPs 208 which may also be referred to as BSs, NR BSs, Node Bs, 5G NBs, APs, eNB, gNB, or some other term
  • the TRPs 208 may be a DU.
  • the TRPs may be connected to one ANC (ANC 202) or more than one ANC (not illustrated) .
  • ANC ANC
  • RaaS radio as a service
  • a TRP may include one or more antenna ports.
  • the TRPs may be configured to individually (e.g., dynamic selection) or jointly (e.g., joint transmission) serve traffic to a UE.
  • the local architecture 200 may be used to illustrate fronthaul definition.
  • the architecture may be defined that support fronthauling solutions across different deployment types.
  • the architecture may be based on transmit network capabilities (e.g., bandwidth, latency, and/or jitter) .
  • the architecture may share features and/or components with LTE.
  • the next generation AN (NG-AN) 210 may support dual connectivity with NR.
  • the NG-AN may share a common fronthaul for LTE and NR.
  • the architecture may enable cooperation between and among TRPs 208. For example, cooperation may be preset within a TRP and/or across TRPs via the ANC 202. According to aspects, no inter-TRP interface may be needed/present.
  • a dynamic configuration of split logical functions may be present within the architecture 200.
  • the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, and a Physical (PHY) layers may be adaptably placed at the DU or CU (e.g., TRP or ANC, respectively) .
  • a BS may include a central unit (CU) (e.g., ANC 202) and/or one or more distributed units (e.g., one or more TRPs 208) .
  • CU central unit
  • distributed units e.g., one or more TRPs 208 .
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an example physical architecture of a distributed RAN 300, according to aspects of the present disclosure.
  • a centralized core network unit (C-CU) 302 may host core network functions.
  • the C-CU may be centrally deployed.
  • C-CU functionality may be offloaded (e.g., to advanced wireless services (AWS) ) , in an effort to handle peak capacity.
  • AWS advanced wireless services
  • a centralized RAN unit (C-RU) 304 may host one or more ANC functions.
  • the C-RU may host core network functions locally.
  • the C-RU may have distributed deployment.
  • the C-RU may be closer to the network edge.
  • a DU 306 may host one or more TRPs (edge node (EN) , an edge unit (EU) , a radio head (RH) , a smart radio head (SRH) , or the like) .
  • the DU may be located at edges of the network with radio frequency (RF) functionality.
  • RF radio frequency
  • FIG. 4 illustrates example components of the BS 110 and UE 120 illustrated in FIG. 1, which may be used to implement aspects of the present disclosure.
  • the BS may include a TRP.
  • One or more components of the BS 110 and UE 120 may be used to practice aspects of the present disclosure.
  • antennas 452, processors 466, 458, 464, and/or controller/processor 480 of the UE 120 and/or antennas 434, processors 460, 420, 438, and/or controller/processor 440 of the BS 110 may be used to perform the operations described herein and illustrated with reference to FIGs. 6 -13.
  • FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of a design of a BS 110 and a UE 120, which may be one of the BSs and one of the UEs in FIG. 1.
  • the base station 110 may be the macro BS 110c in FIG. 1, and the UE 120 may be the UE 120y.
  • the base station 110 may also be a base station of some other type.
  • the base station 110 may be equipped with antennas 434a through 434t, and the UE 120 may be equipped with antennas 452a through 452r.
  • a transmit processor 420 may receive data from a data source 412 and control information from a controller/processor 440.
  • the control information may be for the Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH) , Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH) , Physical Hybrid ARQ Indicator Channel (PHICH) , Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) , etc.
  • the data may be for the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) , etc.
  • the processor 420 may process (e.g., encode and symbol map) the data and control information to obtain data symbols and control symbols, respectively.
  • the processor 420 may also generate reference symbols, e.g., for the PSS, SSS, and cell-specific reference signal.
  • a transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 430 may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on the data symbols, the control symbols, and/or the reference symbols, if applicable, and may provide output symbol streams to the modulators (MODs) 432a through 432t.
  • the TX MIMO processor 430 may perform certain aspects described herein for RS multiplexing.
  • Each modulator 432 may process a respective output symbol stream (e.g., for OFDM, etc. ) to obtain an output sample stream.
  • Each modulator 432 may further process (e.g., convert to analog, amplify, filter, and upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal.
  • Downlink signals from modulators 432a through 432t may be transmitted via the antennas 434a through 434t, respectively.
  • the antennas 452a through 452r may receive the downlink signals from the base station 110 and may provide received signals to the demodulators (DEMODs) 454a through 454r, respectively.
  • Each demodulator 454 may condition (e.g., filter, amplify, downconvert, and digitize) a respective received signal to obtain input samples.
  • Each demodulator 454 may further process the input samples (e.g., for OFDM, etc. ) to obtain received symbols.
  • a MIMO detector 456 may obtain received symbols from all the demodulators 454a through 454r, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, and provide detected symbols. For example, MIMO detector 456 may provide detected RS transmitted using techniques described herein.
  • a receive processor 458 may process (e.g., demodulate, deinterleave, and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data for the UE 120 to a data sink 460, and provide decoded control information to a controller/processor 480.
  • CoMP aspects can include providing the antennas, as well as some Tx/Rx functionalities, such that they reside in distributed units. For example, some Tx/Rx processings can be done in the central unit, while other processing can be done at the distributed units. For example, in accordance with one or more aspects as shown in the diagram, the BS mod/demod 432 may be in the distributed units.
  • a transmit processor 464 may receive and process data (e.g., for the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) ) from a data source 462 and control information (e.g., for the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) from the controller/processor 480.
  • the transmit processor 464 may also generate reference symbols for a reference signal.
  • the symbols from the transmit processor 464 may be precoded by a TX MIMO processor 466 if applicable, further processed by the demodulators 454a through 454r (e.g., for SC-FDM, etc. ) , and transmitted to the base station 110.
  • the uplink signals from the UE 120 may be received by the antennas 434, processed by the modulators 432, detected by a MIMO detector 436 if applicable, and further processed by a receive processor 438 to obtain decoded data and control information sent by the UE 120.
  • the receive processor 438 may provide the decoded data to a data sink 439 and the decoded control information to the controller/processor 440.
  • the controllers/processors 440 and 480 may direct the operation at the base station 110 and the UE 120, respectively.
  • the processor 440 and/or other processors and modules at the base station 110 may perform or direct the processes for the techniques described herein.
  • the processor 480 and/or other processors and modules at the UE 120 may also perform or direct processes for the techniques described herein.
  • the memories 442 and 482 may store data and program codes for the BS 110 and the UE 120, respectively.
  • a scheduler 444 may schedule UEs for data transmission on the downlink and/or uplink.
  • FIG. 5A is a diagram 500A showing an example of a DL-centric subframe.
  • the DL-centric subframe may include a control portion 502A.
  • the control portion 502A may exist in the initial or beginning portion of the DL-centric subframe.
  • the control portion 502A may include various scheduling information and/or control information corresponding to various portions of the DL-centric subframe.
  • the control portion 502A may be a physical DL control channel (PDCCH) , as indicated in FIG. 5A.
  • the DL-centric subframe may also include a DL data portion 504A.
  • the DL data portion 504A may sometimes be referred to as the payload of the DL-centric subframe.
  • the DL data portion 504A may include the communication resources utilized to communicate DL data from the scheduling entity 202 (e.g., eNB, BS, Node B, 5G NB, TRP, gNB, etc. ) to the subordinate entity, e.g., UE 120 .
  • the DL data portion 504A may be a physical DL shared channel (PDSCH) .
  • the DL-centric subframe may also include a common UL portion 506A.
  • the common UL portion 506A may sometimes be referred to as an UL burst, a common UL burst, and/or various other suitable terms.
  • the common UL portion 506A may include feedback information corresponding to various other portions of the DL-centric subframe.
  • the common UL portion 506 may include feedback information corresponding to the control portion 502A.
  • feedback information may include an ACK signal, a NACK signal, a HARQ indicator, and/or various other suitable types of information.
  • the common UL portion 506A may include additional or alternative information, such as information pertaining to random access channel (RACH) procedures, scheduling requests (SRs) , sounding reference signals (SRS) and various other suitable types of information.
  • RACH random access channel
  • SRs scheduling requests
  • SRS sounding reference signals
  • the end of the DL data portion 504A may be separated in time from the beginning of the common UL portion 506A. This time separation may sometimes be referred to as a gap, a guard period, a guard interval, and/or various other suitable terms.
  • This separation provides time for the switchover from DL communication (e.g., reception operation by the subordinate entity, e.g., UE 120) to UL communication (e.g., transmission by the subordinate entity e.g., UE 120) .
  • DL communication e.g., reception operation by the subordinate entity, e.g., UE 120
  • UL communication e.g., transmission by the subordinate entity e.g., UE 120
  • FIG. 5B is a diagram 500B showing an example of an UL-centric subframe.
  • the UL-centric subframe may include a control portion 502B.
  • the control portion 502B may exist in the initial or beginning portion of the UL-centric subframe.
  • the control portion 502B in FIG. 5B may be similar to the control portion 502A described above with reference to FIG. 5A.
  • the UL-centric subframe may also include an UL data portion 504B.
  • the UL data portion 504B may sometimes be referred to as the payload of the UL-centric subframe.
  • the UL portion may refer to the communication resources utilized to communicate UL data from the subordinate entity, e.g., UE 120 to the scheduling entity 202 (e.g., eNB) .
  • the control portion 502B may be a physical UL shared channel (PUSCH) .
  • PUSCH physical UL shared channel
  • the end of the control portion 502B may be separated in time from the beginning of the UL data portion 504B. This time separation may sometimes be referred to as a gap, guard period, guard interval, and/or various other suitable terms. This separation provides time for the switchover from DL communication (e.g., reception operation by the scheduling entity 202) to UL communication (e.g., transmission by the scheduling entity 202 ) .
  • the UL-centric subframe may also include a common UL portion 506B.
  • the common UL portion 506B in FIG. 5B may be similar to the common UL portion 506A described above with reference to FIG. 5A.
  • the common UL portion 506B may additionally or alternatively include information pertaining to channel quality indicator (CQI) , sounding reference signals (SRSs) , and various other suitable types of information.
  • CQI channel quality indicator
  • SRSs sounding reference signals
  • a UL centric subframe may be used for transmitting UL data from one or more mobile stations to a base station
  • a DL centric subframe may be used for transmitting DL data from the base station to the one or more mobile stations.
  • a frame may include both UL centric subframes and DL centric subframes.
  • the ratio of UL centric subframes to DL subframes in a frame may be dynamically adjusted based on the amount of UL data and the amount of DL data that need to be transmitted. For example, if there is more UL data, then the ratio of UL centric subframes to DL subframes may be increased. Conversely, if there is more DL data, then the ratio of UL centric subframes to DL subframes may be decreased.
  • UEs such as MTC-U, eMTC-U, IoT-U, or NB-IoT-U, etc. may be designed to operate in the unlicensed spectrum.
  • many of these devices may, for example, use coverage extensions because it is desirable to not transmit in a single TTI and instead desirable to use a lot of repetition of transmitted data to improve coverage, such, as for example, if radio conditions are poor.
  • Each transmission in LTE corresponds to one TTI (Transmission Time Interval) which is the smallest scheduling time interval in LTE. Therefore, data should be processed within 1 msec. or 1 subframe. Multiple repetitions of data (or longer transmission times) is one technique used to enhance coverage. Other techniques include frequency hopping.
  • the UEs such as MTC-U, eMTC-U, IoT-U, or NB-IoT-U within a geographic area successfully communicate with a gNB within that cell.
  • Repetition is used so that the UEs within a cell, both far away and close to an gNB may successfully communicate with a gNB.
  • the effective data rate may decrease, but the coverage is increased to the point that UEs within a cell communicate successfully with the gNB.
  • UL and DL have higher periodicities and repetitions interval values as the UE decodes data in extended coverage.
  • a UE searches for a cell, reads SIB information associated with that frequency and establishes a RRC connection by using a random access procedure.
  • NB RACH goes through a 4 step message transaction (Msg1, Msg2, Msg3, Msg4) in a manner not much different from legacy LTE.
  • the random access procedure confirms the NB-IoT is not barred and synchronizes the NB-IoT to the network.
  • One objective of random access in OFDMA systems is acquiring uplink timing. Transmitting a random access preamble is the first step of random access procedure that enables a user equipment (UE) to establish a connection with the network.
  • UE user equipment
  • the random access procedure is initiated by sending random access preambles, Msg 1 (see FIG. 6) .
  • Random access preambles used to initiate the random access procedure are transferred by the NB-IoT physical random access channel (PRACH) , known as NPRACH, which is the time frequency resource on which random access preambles are transmitted.
  • PRACH physical random access channel
  • NPRACH the time frequency resource on which random access preambles are transmitted.
  • RAR random-access response
  • the eNB’s MAC layer In response to the random access preamble transmitted by the UE, the eNB’s MAC layer generates a random access response (RAR) .
  • RAR random access response
  • the associated contention resolution message is finally transmitted to the UE, Msg4, in order to indicate the successful completion of the RACH procedure.
  • the RACH procedure is contention based for NB-Iot. If the UE terminal observes a match between the identity received in the fourth step and the identity transmitted as part of the third step it will declare the random-access procedure successful.
  • the acquired uplink timing is used to command the UE to perform timing advance to achieve uplink synchronization in OFDMA systems.
  • a UE wants to send data to an eNB, it sends a NPRACH preamble or Msg1.
  • NB-IoT allocates one physical resource block (PRB) for a UE to use to send a NPRACH preamble.
  • PRB physical resource block
  • UEs with poorer coverage will be given priority to use the PRB resources to send a PRACH preamble than UEs with better coverage.
  • NPRACH MSG1 transmission occasions could be delayed by few seconds at physical layer as a UE determines repetition interval, coverage level, etc.
  • the UE won’t schedule a request to send the UL data because a Schedule Request (SR) is not supported on NB-IoT in Rel. 13 unlike LTE where scheduling requests are used to send data.
  • SR Schedule Request
  • the UE could send a DCI N0 or N1 grant which is carried on an NPDCCH. The UE can then use resources provided by the grant (s) to send UL data.
  • the MAC layer of the UE may send a RACH trigger request to the eNB when there is UL data to transmit to the eNB.
  • the UE can monitor (try to decode) various regions within downlink subframes. However, UEs do not attempt to decode every PDCCH. In one example, the UE will use blind decoding to monitor the possible regions that are allowed for NPDCCH and decode the information. However, not every possible combination of resource elements within a subframe will the UE try to decode. The UE will monitor a certain set of predefined regions, called NPDCCH Search Spaces. These spaces are where a PDCCH can be allocated. A search space is a set of candidate control channels which the terminal is supposed to attempt to decode.
  • the UE looks in the search space for the RNTI assigned to the UE (C-RNTI) and, if found, decodes the NPDCCH.
  • C-RNTI the RNTI assigned to the UE
  • LTE has defined common search spaces in addition to the terminal-specific search spaces.
  • Type1-NPDCCH common search spaces are used for paging messages.
  • Type2-NPDCCH common search spaces are used for RAR, Msg3 retransmissions and Msg4.
  • the UE Specific search space is a NPDCCH UE-specific search space.
  • Different radio network temporary identifiers may be assigned to each UE, one for random access (RA-RNTI) , one for paging (P-RNTI) , and a UE specific identifier (C-RNTI) provided in the random access procedure.
  • the DCI format N0 indicates an UL grant for transmission on the NPUSCH, including all relevant parameters.
  • a RACH transmission occasion is defined as the time-frequency resource on which a PRACH message 1 is transmitted using the configured PRACH preamble format with a single particular transmit beam.
  • the UE While the UE’s physical layer L1 is waiting for a NPRACH (MSG1) occasion to transmit a NPRACH preamble, the UE is also monitoring the common search space for C-RNTI narrowband physical downlink control channel NPDCCH candidates which carry UL grants (See Fig. 7, step 705) .
  • NPDCCH candidates which carry UL grants
  • the UE If the physical layer L1 of the UE receives an UL grant (yes to step 715) , the UE aborts the opportunity to send the NPRACH preamble Msg1 (step 720) . Since the UE can already send UL data, the UE doesn’t need to perform a RACH to connect to the eNB. The UE then sends UL data to the eNB (step 730) .
  • REO Random access opportunity
  • PRACH resource In LTE, a limited amount of PRACH resources are available in a 10 msec. radio frame. How many depends on an PRACH configuration index. ) For example, there are two PRACH occasions in the radio frame if the index is 1.
  • the UE ’s L1 layer continues to monitor the search space for valid C-RNTI NPDCCH candidates for DCI N0/N1 grants (step 760) .
  • the UE determines if there is an opportunity to send the preamble Msg1, Yes, or No there isn’t an opportunity to transmit a preamble Msg1 (Step 740) . If the answer is Yes to step 740, Msg1 is sent (step 750) .
  • step 740 the UE continues to monitor the search space for valid C-RNTI NPDCCH candidates for DCI N0/N1 grants and wait for a NPRACH (MSG1) occasion to transmit a NPRACH preamble. (See FIG. 7, step 705) .
  • MSG1 NPRACH
  • the DCI is a message carried by a PDCCH. It includes control information such as resource assignments for a UE or a group of UEs.
  • the control information sent on each PDCCH may convey one or more downlink grants, one or more uplink grants, power control information, and/or other information.
  • a downlink grant may carry control information for data transmission on the downlink.
  • An uplink grant may carry control information for data transmission on the uplink.
  • a grant may be sent to a specific UE or a group of UEs.
  • a grant may also be referred to as an assignment.
  • a UE may be configured to listen to one or more instances of the PDCCH.
  • the DCI format N1 indicates a DL assignment describing where and how the data symbols are transmitted on the NPDSCH.
  • DCI format N0, N1 and N2 are the three DCI formats defined in Release 13. See Table 1 below:
  • the system frame number (SFN) is one unit and the subframe number is the other unit.
  • SFN system frame number
  • the SFN increases in 10 millisecond intervals and increases over a range of numbers between 0 and 1023.
  • the subframe number increases in 1 ms interval and increases over a range of numbers between 0 and 9.
  • an NPDCCH search space ending at SFN 1023 could be a partial search space period, i.e. a duration which is less than a search space period and may have fewer repetitions. So roll over is an example where an invalid search space can occur.
  • RAR random access response
  • RACH MSG2 is sent in an NPDCCH common search space where a valid NPDCCH candidate exists. However, it may be that the RAR window is not big enough to contain a valid NPDCCH candidate. If the NPRACH preamble is sent randomly, it can happen that the start of the RAR window falls near the end of a search space where no valid NPDCCH candidate with a sufficient number of repetitions exists because the duration of the search space isn’t long enough. Since the search space is too small to contain a valid NPDDCH candidate, the RAR message cannot be carried. In this case, the RAR can be sent after the start of the next valid NPDCCH search space which contains a long enough duration. See FIG. 8 which shows a search space with different repetitions.
  • Each of the blocks shown is a possible NPDCCH candidate with one, two, four or eight repetitions. There are eight candidates with repetition 1, four candidates with repetition 2, two candidates with repetition 4, and one candidate with repetition 8. If the search space labeled R1 on the far right is decoded at a point to the right of the threshold labeled 2, it doesn’t have a full duration, and the search space is too small to contain a valid NPDDCH candidate. Thus, reception of the RAR may fail. So the decoding should begin at the next search space with enough duration to have a valid candidate. Coverage level may be used to set threshold. If coverage is poor, the threshold may be moved to the left within a search space to allow greater duration and a larger block for decoding.
  • the threshold may be moved to the right within the search space yielding a smaller block for decoding.
  • PP stands for PDCCH period. So PP end stands for the end of that search space. Subtracting Rmax/8 from PP end moves the threshold to the left thus defining how much duration is used for valid decoding of a NPDDCH candidate. The goal is for the RAR window to contain a valid PDCCH.
  • the RAR is expected to be received by the UE within a time window.
  • eNodeB configures the start and end of the RAR window which are broadcast as part of the cell-specific system information.
  • the preamble is retransmitted if the UE does not receive a RAR within the configured time window.
  • FIG. 9 shows the RAR window timing where according to specifications the earliest subframe allowed occurs 2 milliseconds after the preamble subframe.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating the steps taken before sending a RAR to ensure proper timing.
  • the ML1 also monitors RAR window start timing to guarantee that the RAR window starts shortly before the next NPDCCH search space.
  • ML1 stands for L1 software and can be used to represent a UE
  • NPRACH is delayed without affecting the RAR starting time, as RAR starts after the start of the next NPDCCH.
  • This example further gives the UE more opportunity to receive an N0/N1 grant before completing a RACH process. This can remove unnecessary NPRACH processes, which will help increase the overall throughput.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates the steps taken to compute NPDCCH search space start timing and compare it with the RAR window timing.
  • the UE computes the start timing for the NPDCCH candidate.
  • the UE calculates the last NPDCCH search space location belonging to current NPDCCH period, and sets this timing as a timing threshold.
  • PP stands for PDCCH period. So PP end stands for the end of that search space. Subtracting Rmax/8 from PP end moves the threshold to the left thus defining how much duration is used for valid decoding of a NPDDCH candidate.
  • Repetition of a channel is performed over consecutive downlink subframes.
  • the maximum number of repetitions, Rmax is 64.
  • the PDCCH candidate may be repeated within 64 consecutive downlink subframes, where each subframe is 1 millisecond.
  • the PDCCH period lasts 128 milliseconds.
  • the UE checks if the RAR window start timing maps to the NPDCCH timing, i.e., Yes the RAR window does start before the NPDCCH search space threshold, or No it doesn’t (step 1120) .
  • next NPDCCH search space step 1130
  • repeat steps 1110 and 1120 step 1110
  • the RAR window starts before the NPDCCH threshold
  • the MAC layer of the eNB transmits the RAR message (step 1140) .
  • the steps in FIG. 11 helps to ensure that the RAR window starts shortly before the start of the next NPDCCH search space which avoids overlap between the RAR window and the NPDDCH search space.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates certain components that may be included within a base station 1201.
  • the base station 1201 may be an access point, a NodeB, an evolved NodeB, etc.
  • the base station 1201 includes a processor 1203.
  • the processor 1203 may be a general purpose single-or multi-chip microprocessor (e.g., an ARM) , a special purpose microprocessor (e.g., a digital signal processor (DSP) ) , a microcontroller, a programmable gate array, etc.
  • the processor 1203 may be referred to as a central processing unit (CPU) .
  • CPU central processing unit
  • the base station 1201 also includes memory 1205.
  • the memory 1205 may be any electronic component capable of storing electronic information.
  • the memory 1205 may be embodied as random access memory (RAM) , read only memory (ROM) , magnetic disk storage media, optical storage media, flash memory devices in RAM, on-board memory included with the processor, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, and so forth, including combinations thereof.
  • Data 1207 and instructions 1209 may be stored in the memory 1205.
  • the instructions 1209 may be executable by the processor 1203 to implement the methods disclosed herein. Executing the instructions 1209 may involve the use of the data 1207 that is stored in the memory 1205.
  • various portions of the instructions 1209a may be loaded onto the processor 1203, and various pieces of data 1207a may be loaded onto the processor 1203.
  • the base station 1201 may also include a transmitter 1211 and a receiver 1213 to allow transmission and reception of signals to and from the wireless device 1201.
  • the transmitter 1211 and receiver 1213 may be collectively referred to as a transceiver 1215.
  • Multiple antennas 1217a-b may be electrically coupled to the transceiver 1215.
  • the base station 1201 may also include (not shown) multiple transmitters, multiple receivers and/or multiple transceivers.
  • the various components of the base station 1201 may be coupled together by one or more buses, which may include a power bus, a control signal bus, a status signal bus, a data bus, etc.
  • buses may include a power bus, a control signal bus, a status signal bus, a data bus, etc.
  • the various buses are illustrated in Figure 12 as a bus system 1219.
  • FIG. 13 illustrates certain components that may be included within a wireless communication device 1301.
  • the wireless communication device 1301 may be an access terminal, a mobile station, a user equipment (UE) , etc.
  • the wireless communication device 1301 includes a processor 1303.
  • the processor 1303 may be a general purpose single-or multi-chip microprocessor (e.g., an ARM) , a special purpose microprocessor (e.g., a digital signal processor (DSP) ) , a microcontroller, a programmable gate array, etc.
  • the processor 1303 may be referred to as a central processing unit (CPU) .
  • CPU central processing unit
  • the wireless communication device 1301 also includes memory 1305.
  • the memory 1305 may be any electronic component capable of storing electronic information.
  • the memory 1305 may be embodied as random access memory (RAM) , read only memory (ROM) , magnetic disk storage media, optical storage media, flash memory devices in RAM, on-board memory included with the processor, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, and so forth, including combinations thereof.
  • Data 1307 and instructions 1309 may be stored in the memory 1305.
  • the instructions 1309 may be executable by the processor 1303 to implement the methods disclosed herein. Executing the instructions 1309 may involve the use of the data 1307 that is stored in the memory 1305.
  • various portions of the instructions 1309a may be loaded onto the processor 1303, and various pieces of data 1307a may be loaded onto the processor 1303.
  • the wireless communication device 1301 may also include a transmitter 1311 and a receiver 1313 to allow transmission and reception of signals to and from the wireless communication device 1301.
  • the transmitter 1311 and receiver 1313 may be collectively referred to as a transceiver 1315.
  • Multiple antennas 1317a-b may be electrically coupled to the transceiver 1315.
  • the wireless communication device 1301 may also include (not shown) multiple transmitters, multiple receivers and/or multiple transceivers.
  • the various components of the wireless communication device 1301 may be coupled together by one or more buses, which may include a power bus, a control signal bus, a status signal bus, a data bus, etc.
  • buses are illustrated in Figure 13 as a bus system 1319.
  • these methods describe possible implementation, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified such that other implementations are possible.
  • aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.
  • aspects of each of the methods may include steps or aspects of the other methods, or other steps or techniques described herein.
  • aspects of the disclosure may provide for receiving on transmit and transmitting on receive.
  • the functions described herein in the flowcharts of FIGs. 7, 10 &11 may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor like the processor 1303 described in FIG. 13.
  • the functions described herein may be implemented in hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software executed by a processor, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and implementations are within the scope of the disclosure and appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, functions described above can be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or combinations of any of these. Features implementing functions may also be physically located at various positions, including being distributed such that portions of functions are implemented at different physical (PHY) locations.
  • PHY physical
  • Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another.
  • a non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer.
  • non-transitory computer-readable media can include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM) , compact disk (CD) ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer, or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor.
  • RAM random access memory
  • ROM read only memory
  • EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read only memory
  • CD compact disk
  • magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transitory medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code means in the form of instructions or
  • any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium.
  • the software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL) , or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave
  • the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of medium.
  • Disk and disc include CD, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD) , floppy disk and Blu-ray disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media.
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
  • FDMA single carrier frequency division multiple access
  • SC-FDMA single carrier frequency division multiple access
  • a CDMA system may implement a radio technology such as CDMA2000, Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) , etc.
  • CDMA2000 covers IS-2000, IS-95, and IS-856 standards.
  • IS-2000 Releases 0 and A are commonly referred to as CDMA2000 1X, 1X, etc.
  • IS-856 (TIA-856) is commonly referred to as CDMA2000 1xEV-DO, High Rate Packet Data (HRPD) , etc.
  • UTRA includes Wideband CDMA (WCDMA) and other variants of CDMA.
  • a TDMA system may implement a radio technology such as (Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) ) .
  • GSM Global System for Mobile communications
  • An OFDMA system may implement a radio technology such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB) , Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA) , IEEE 802.11 (wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) ) , IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) , IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, etc.
  • UMB Ultra Mobile Broadband
  • E-UTRA Evolved UTRA
  • IEEE 802.11 wireless fidelity
  • WiMAX IEEE 802.16
  • IEEE 802.20 Flash-OFDM
  • UTRA and E-UTRA are part of Universal Mobile Telecommunications system (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) ) .
  • UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
  • 3GPP LTE and LTE-advanced are new releases of UMTS that use E-UTRA.
  • UTRA, E-UTRA, UMTS, LTE, LTE-a, and GSM are described in documents from an organization named “3rd Generation Partnership Project” (3GPP) .
  • CDMA2000 and UMB are described in documents from an organization named “3rd Generation Partnership Project 2” (3GPP2) .
  • the techniques described herein may be used for the systems and radio technologies mentioned above as well as other systems and radio technologies. The description herein, however, describes an LTE system for purposes of example, and LTE terminology is used in much of the description above, although the techniques are applicable beyond LTE applications.
  • the term evolved node B may be generally used to describe the base stations.
  • the wireless communications system or systems described herein may include a heterogeneous LTE/LTE-A network in which different types of eNBs provide coverage for various geographical regions. For example, each eNB or base station may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a small cell, or other types of cell.
  • the term “cell” is a 3GPP term that can be used to describe a base station, a carrier or component carrier (CC) associated with a base station, or a coverage area (e.g., sector, etc. ) of a carrier or base station, depending on context.
  • CC carrier or component carrier
  • Base stations may include or may be referred to by those skilled in the art as a base transceiver station, a radio base station, an access point (AP) , a radio transceiver, a NodeB, eNodeB (eNB) , Home NodeB, a Home eNodeB, or some other suitable terminology.
  • the geographic coverage area for a base station may be divided into sectors making up a portion of the coverage area.
  • the wireless communications system or systems described herein may include base stations of different types (e.g., macro or small cell base stations) .
  • the UEs described herein may be able to communicate with various types of base stations and network equipment including macro eNBs, small cell eNBs, relay base stations, and the like.
  • Different technologies may be associated with the same base station, or with different base stations.
  • the wireless communications system or systems described herein may support synchronous or asynchronous operation.
  • the base stations may have similar frame timing, and transmissions from different base stations may be approximately aligned in time.
  • the base stations may have different frame timing, and transmissions from different base stations may not be aligned in time.
  • the techniques described herein may be used for either synchronous or asynchronous operations.
  • Each communication link described herein including, for example, wireless communications system 100 of FIG. 1 may include one or more carriers, where each carrier may be a signal made up of multiple sub-carriers (e.g., waveform signals of different frequencies) . Each modulated signal may be sent on a different sub-carrier and may carry control information (e.g., reference signals, control channels, etc. ) , overhead information, user data, etc.
  • the communication links described herein may transmit bidirectional communications using frequency division duplex (FDD) (e.g., using paired spectrum resources) or time division duplex (TDD) operation (e.g., using unpaired spectrum resources) .
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • TDD time division duplex
  • Frame structures may be defined for FDD (e.g., frame structure type 1) and TDD (e.g., frame structure type 2) .
  • aspects of the disclosure may provide for receiving on transmit and transmitting on receive. It should be noted that these methods describe possible implementations, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified such that other implementations are possible. In some examples, aspects from two or more of the methods may be combined.
  • a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative, the processor may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine.
  • a processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration) .
  • the functions described herein may be performed by one or more other processing units (or cores) , on at least one integrated circuit (IC) .
  • IC integrated circuit
  • different types of ICs may be used (e.g., Structured/Platform ASICs, an FPGA, or another semi-custom IC) , which may be programmed in any manner known in the art.
  • the functions of each unit may also be implemented, in whole or in part, with instructions embodied in a memory, formatted to be executed by one or more general or application-specific processors.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Certains aspects de la présente invention concernent un procédé et un appareil destinés à communiquer sur une liaison montante entre un équipement d'utilisateur et un gNB. Dans un exemple, le procédé et l'appareil peuvent faire intervenir des étapes lors desquelles un UE attend une occasion de NPRACH pour émettre un préambule de NPRACH, l'UE surveille l'espace de recherche pour trouver des candidats de NPDCCH (C-RNTI) qui transportent des octrois UL, l'UE abandonne l'opportunité d'émettre le préambule de NPRACH si l'UE de couche physique reçoit un octroi UL, l'UE envoie des données UL au gNB, et l'UE continue à surveiller l'espace de recherche pour trouver des candidats valides de NPDCCH C-RNTI pour des octrois de DCI. Par ailleurs, dans un autre exemple, l'UE calcule un instant de début d'espace de recherche de NPDCCH, surveille un instant de début de fenêtre RAR, et reçoit la RAR si la fenêtre de RAR commence avant l'espace de recherche suivant de NPDCCH.
PCT/CN2017/113633 2017-11-29 2017-11-29 Gestion de rach en mode connecté optimisé pour iot nb afin d'améliorer le débit WO2019104545A1 (fr)

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CN112995961A (zh) * 2021-03-09 2021-06-18 北京果枝众合科技有限公司 基于宽带技术的终端直通通信的终端接入方法

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US11013036B2 (en) * 2018-06-14 2021-05-18 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus on enhancements of NR random access for unlicensed operations
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CN112995961B (zh) * 2021-03-09 2023-12-22 安徽融兆智能有限公司 基于宽带技术的终端直通通信的终端接入方法

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