WO2019102485A1

WO2019102485A1 - Dissociative gravitoradiophysical transmutation of elements and apparatus therefor

Info

Publication number: WO2019102485A1
Application number: PCT/IN2017/050545
Authority: WO
Inventors: Dr. Rajah VIJAY KUMAR
Original assignee: Vijay Kumar Dr Rajah
Priority date: 2017-11-21
Filing date: 2017-11-21
Publication date: 2019-05-31

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method to transmute one element of the periodic table to another in a highly controlled manner using dissociative gravitoradiophysical principles and an apparatus therefor. The apparatus consists of feed inlet line (1), a feed out line (2), a heating system (3), a frequency Generator (4), a reactor shell (5), a vacuum gauge (6), a pressure gauge (7), temperature sensors (8), free-fall mechanism (9), vacuum pump (10), a transmuter referred as "Boom Tube" (11), and a pressure relief valve (12). Feedstock containing a specific chemical compound or its isotopes in an aqueous suspension is fed into GNT reactor which is subjected to the electromagnetic spectrum. Depending on the feedstock, any higher elements of the periodic table and their isotopes are obtained. Stable isotopes of the elements are generated without creating any radioactivity and do not use heavy water.

Description

DISSOCIATIVE GRA VITORADIOPH Y SIC AL

TRANSMUTATION OF ELEMENTS AND APPARATUS

THEREFOR

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Elemental Transmutation has been observed in strong nuclear fission reactors and under specific conditions through low energy reactions in laboratories. All these reactions have happened under extremely controlled environments in the presence of large deuterium clusters in electrolytic cells using platinum, palladium or other hydrogen absorbing materials. Gravitational interactions are well known to cause elemental transmutation by fusion in a star, where if it is not for nuclear activity, a star would be dynamically unstable and undergo gravitational collapse. There has been laboratory example of low energy strong interaction elemental transmutation by a fast discharge in fine deuterated polymer fibers. In such fibers, deuterons are accelerated to speeds, high enough to overcome the hindrance due to mutual Coulomb repulsion, resulting in the production of 2.5 M eV neutrons through low energy reactions such as d + d n + 3 He. Also, non-deuterated fibers exhibit an “anomalous” production of neutrons, at a rate over six orders of magnitude larger than that assumed through natural contamination of deuterons in a standard material. Such experimental evidence strongly suggests an explanation regarding weak interaction induced elemental transmutation. In the corona of the Sun, magnetic fields surface from one sunspot to dive into another. The coronal magnetic field accelerates the electrons and protons enough to cause the production of neutrons through weak interactions. These neutrons then cause further nuclear transmutations of the available material accounting for the presence of anomalously formed nuclei on the surface of the Sun and in the solar corona. Once in a while, magnetic flux tubes explode leading to spectacular solar flares releasing extremely high energy particles some of which reaching the earth. Often, the resultant electromagnetic fields are large enough to disturb terrestrial satellite communications and secondary muons produced in the upper atmosphere in sufficient numbers have been detected in the underground CERN L3+C detector. There have been a number of patents published and or granted in the area of elemental transmutation. Most of them use high energy reactions under controlled conditions using special materials, resulting in laboratory results to prove elemental transmutation [1]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a method to transmute one element of the periodic table to another in a highly controlled manner using dissociative gravitoradiophysical principles and an apparatus therefor. The process of the present invention would artificially produce many valuable and most valuable chemical elements and their isotopes from other chemical elements without the use of atomic reactors, cyclotrons, highly enriched uranium or heavy water.

DISCUSSION OF PRIOR ART

US 5848110 A titled “Method and apparatus for transmutation of atomic nuclei” proposes a solution for the problem mentioned above. The rate of isotopic production is increased by two-three orders of the magnitude by the use of a combination of a high repetition rate high energy pulsed power supply (RHEPP) and magnetically-injected anode plasma (MAP) source diode which are accelerator-based. These are used for the production of the beams of pulsed particle possessing intermediate energy (0.2-20 MeV) and optimize power levels to megawatts from hundreds of kilowatts. This increases two-three orders of magnitude rate of isotopic production over the processes based on conventional accelerators. The targeted nuclei can be selectively transmuted into the desired isotopes by accelerating the any (required) gaseous ion. RHEPP/MAP accelerators are power efficient and small in size for the small unit particle application. The low beam particle energy usage comparatively reduces or eliminates the generation of radioactive waste and problem of undesired products. The invention is discussed regarding the RHEPP/MAP system, and any pulsed ion beam generator is possessing enough ion kinetic energy and total average beam current are used in the same manner.

US 5764715 A titled “Method and apparatus for transmutation of atomic nuclei” describes ensuring a constant supply of radioisotopes to medicine and industry are of great importance. This invention addresses this problem and helps to solve it by introducing a new device for isotope’s transmutation which enhances the swift and flexible production.

US 2008232532 A1 titled “Apparatus and Method for Generation of Ultra Low Momentum Neutrons” describes an apparatus and method for generating ultra- low momentum neutrons (ULMNs) using surface Plasmon Polariton electrons, collective many-body effects, surfaces of metallic substrates, hydrogen isotopes, and weak interactions in a controlled manner. The ULMNs is used to initiate nuclear transmutation reactions and produce heat. The present invention provides a "transducer" mechanism that allows controllable two-way transfers of energy back-and-forth between nuclear and chemical realms in a low-energy, small-scale, scalable condensed matter system at comparatively modest temperatures and pressures.

Netherlands Patent No. 1033078 titled“ Nuclear Transmutation-Processes” describes the process including the following steps: (A) addition of hydrogen to a reactor vessel possessing a cathode, anode, and optionally an ionizing element. The cathode consists of a primary and secondary transmutation element. There are more neutrons than protons at the core of this element. The primary element contains a neutron with a preferable orientation; (B) some of the hydrogen atoms are ionized to form a plasma; (C) the applied voltage difference between the cathode and the anode makes the protons to move towards the cathode to which they bind to temporarily. The transmutation elements fuse on the surface of the cathode with the plasma vortex elements fuse to form an element having a higher mass number and the second molecule with a lower mass number, and (D) the production of heat or electricity can occur if the radiations are collected. US 2008123793 A1 titled “Thermal power production device utilizing nanoscale confinement” describes a thermal energy generation device through a nuclear transmutation reaction when fuel containing hydrogen comes in contact with nanotubes containing a transmutation element. An energy absorbing fluid is present in a vessel that aids in the heat transfer system. This energy is absorbed due to the transmutation reactions. The transfer of thermal energy is assisted by water. A method of power generation using such a device is also disclosed.

US 2007297554 A1 titled“Method and system for production of radioisotopes, and radioisotopes produced thereby” describes a system and method for the production of radioisotopes by the transmutation of target isotopic material attacked by a continuous wave-particle ray. An ion source generates a continuous wave ion beam, irradiating an isotope target, which is cooled by transmitting heat away from the target at heat fluxes of at least about one kW/cm.

JP 2005062025 titled“Method for increasing nuclear transmutation quantity from nuclear transmutation device and nuclear transmutation device” describes a method for increasing a nuclide amount which permits transmutation from a device in the first nuclear transmutation process. The solution to the mentioned problem is; with this method, a nuclear transmutation rate from a device is increased by applying plasma treatment or electrolysis process to a structure’s surface having a Hydrogen occlusion metal, and a substance addition causing the nuclear transmutation to the surface.

US 2004047443 A1 titled“Electron capture by magnetic resonance” describes the process of electron capture by subjecting a proton to magnetic resonance until the opposite direction of the magnetic moment about the electron's magnetic moment is achieved. The spin-locking technique is applied for a period to initiate particle’s transmutation, and the simultaneous reactions of the product with a group of particles or an adjacent particle and the energy is released when the particles’ magnetic moments are opposite in direction. W003098640 A3 titled “Processing radioactive materials with hydrogen isotope nuclei” describes a method for processing radioactive materials. The method uses hydrogen isotope nuclei for the treatment of radioactive materials, such as Uranium, and increases the observed decay rate of such substances effectively. Therefore, the disclosed method permits remediation of dangerous radioactive materials, such as Uranium, without the use of long-term, geologically-stable storage sites or costly, accelerator-based transmutation equipment.

Russian Patent No. 2210630 titled“Facility for generation of gas mixture and transmutation of nuclei of atoms of chemical elements” describes a facility for physical and chemical technologies and engineering for the gas mixture and the transmutation of atomic nuclei of chemical elements has body made of dielectric substances with strong hole, inter-electrode chamber, cooling chamber for vapour condensation, vessel for working solution, to feed and drain working solution branch pipes are provided, anode and cathode are connected to the positive and negative poles of power supply source respectively. The body has an upper boss with an internal cavity. The cathode is placed into cathode space from above through an axial hole of the upper boss. The internal space of the boss communicates with the cooling chamber connected to the vessel for working solution.

US 20030226401 A1 titled“ Atomic structure recognition and modification method and apparatus” describes the apparatus and methods for determining the precise makeup of atomic and molecular structures, as well as offering the potential of modifying said structures. The invention utilizes induced resonant frequency wave effects to define and modify the electrical, electromagnetic, atomic weight, radioactive and covalent bonding characteristics of matter. One embodiment of the present invention is, in a gaseous medium the directionally controllable magnetic fields are produced that interact with magnetically polarized vehicle surfaces to allow high-speed, highly energy efficient inter planetary space travel. Another embodiment of the invention is to neutralize nuclear fission power production waste products. The invention uses multi spectrum frequency induction in a controlled manner to catalyze changes in atomic structures that may include, production of new alloys, focused and dramatically amplified release of energy about natural states of matter, transmutation of dangerous organic compounds into non-toxic media, and controlled polarization of matter. The benefits of the invention include hazardous waste elimination systems, highly efficient interstellar spacecraft propulsion systems, production of efficient electricity, and enhancement of biological organism’s health.

German Patent No. 19803629 titled “Transmutation of isotopes with long half life” describes the transmutation of long half-life isotopes. The isotope’s surfaces are exposed to a gas or plasma atmosphere or an electrolyte to form intermediate layers or volume zones of some structure layers. The threshold zones are placed against a carrier material or close to volume zones of metal layers consisting of metals for absorbing -1 atom% of Hydrogen or its isotope.

WO1999019881 A1 titled “Low temperature electrolytic nuclear transmutation” describes a method for creating low-temperature nuclear transmutations by electrolysis in aqueous media. New elements produced by transmutation are found as having discrete peaks in occurrence by atomic number (Z) and by atomic mass (A). New complex nuclei produced by transmutation are identified as having existed based upon the nature and occurrences of fission transmutation elements produced. The electrolytic cell comprised a non-conductive housing with an inlet and an outlet and spaced apart first and second conductive grids located therein. A plurality of cross-linked polymer non-metallic cores each with a uniform conductive outer metallic surface formed of a high Hydrogen absorbing material form a bed of conductive beads closely packed within the housing in electrical contact with the first grid adjoining the inlet. An electric power source in the system is operably connected across the first and second grids. WO1998003699 A3 titled“ Electrolytic nuclear transmuted elements having unnatural isotopic distributions” describes a method for generating low- temperature nuclear transmutations which happen during electrolysis in an aqueous medium within a cell. New elements created by transmutation during operation of the cell are both higher and lower in atomic mass than the original element undergoing transmutation. Many of the new elements also demonstrate isotopic shifts from natural isotope abundance. The electrolytic cell consisted of a non-conductive housing with an inlet and an outlet and spaced apart first and second conductive grids positioned within the housing. A plurality of preferably cross-linked polymer non-metallic cores each containing a uniform conductive exterior metallic surface created of a high Hydrogen absorbing material, such as a metallic hydride forming substance, form a bed of conductive beads closely packed within the housing in electrical connection with the first grid adjacent the inlet. An electric power source in the system is operably attached across the first and second grid through which electrical current flows between the grids and within the aqueous medium flowing through the cell during cell operation.

GB970091 titled “Transmutation of elements” describes a process or procedure for the synthesis of Helium and also the energy generation consists, mixing in a pressure-tight steel vessel in the presence of air reactants are mixed in the following order-aluminium in a physical form, solid sodium hydroxide, and water in the ratio of 4:8:8 respectively. The reaction is declared to be thermonuclear having the Carbon cycle proposed by Bethe and resulting in Hydrogen to Helium transmutation.

Most of them use high energy reactions under controlled conditions using special materials, resulting in laboratory results to prove elemental transmutation. None of these prior arts is anywhere near the present invention, to achieve elemental transmutation based on Gravitoradiophysical Nuclear Transmutation (GNT). Further, the present invention is highly repeatable, with precisely controlled reaction under simple conditions and is safe in operation. Elemental transmutation achieved by GNT would produce many and most valuable chemical elements and their isotopes from other chemical elements artificially. The elements are produced without using the atomic reactors, cyclotrons, highly enriched uranium or heavy water. The method is not a threat to the environment or personnel [1]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention illustrates a method to transmute one element of the periodic table to another in a highly controlled manner using dissociative gravitoradiophysical principles and an apparatus called Gravitoradiophysical Nuclear Transmuter or GNT. A feedstock containing a specific chemical compound or its isotopes in an aqueous suspension is fed into an apparatus called Gravitoradiophysical Nuclear Transmutation Reactor (GNTR). Depending on the feedstock, the process leads to obtaining any elements of the periodic table including polonium, radon, radium, actinium, thorium, protactinium, uranium, neptunium, americium, nickel, manganese, bromine, hafnium, ytterbium, mercury, gold, platinum, and their isotopes.

Periodic table elements have their Specific Frequency of Dissociation (SFoD), and Specific Frequency of Transmutation (SFoT) that have been identified by experimental studies over eight years. SFoD and SFoT are frequencies in the electromagnetic spectrum, when applied to the GNT reactor for a specific time at a specific intensity, a targeted or specific element will first dissociate from its compound, followed by the SFoT, and elemental transmutation takes place, if not (SFoD and SFoT are applied to the GNT reactor regardless of time) any other higher periodic element is obtained through the dissociation and followed by the transmutation. The SFoD and SFoT are unique to each element in the periodic table.

The process is executed under highly controlled manner with the help of important and essential parameters such as pressure gauge, temperature sensor, vacuum pump, vacuum gauge and pressure relief valve. The feedstock may contain many different elements, and hence many different frequencies are required. These frequencies are delivered to the feedstock that flows through a a transmuter hereinafter referred as“Boom Tube” which is the inner part of GNT reactor and is also a resonating column tuned to different bands of frequencies starting from the lowest atomic weight to highest atomic weight in a plurality of channels as required for different elements which are a group of frequencies that are injected into the resonating transmuter. As the feedstock passes through the Boom Tube, the elements in the feedstock will start dissociating from the compounded forms to their equilibrium elemental states or forms, under a weightless condition also called as Microgravity as created by the free fall mechanism, said weightless condition is achieved by a frequency source called High Power Specific Frequency transmuter. The dissociated elements will then be subjected to the SFoT which is dependent on the primary element and transmuted element, and then the elemental transmutation takes place. Some elements will become hydrophobic by their nature and will separate out from the aqueous solution permanently even if they were originally dissolved and some will dissolve in water. These particles are extracted by suitable dewatering methods, which are mainly of oxides of the elements when it comes in contact with the atmospheric air after it is taken out of the Boom Tube. The science behind the GNT reactor is explained using the Unitary Quantum Theory. The reaction in the GNT reactor Boom Tube is controlled to achieve elemental dissociation first while never allowed to cross the Coulomb’s barrier. Then the specific frequency of transmutation will take the dissociated elements to tunneling probability that may exceed the Coulomb’s barrier resulting in elemental transmutation. The process does not produce any radioactivity and creates mainly stable isotopes of the elements. The invention can also be used to carry out the inactivation of nuclear waste from the conversion of waste radioactive isotopes of elements into stable isotopes.

Elemental transmutation takes place without using heavy water or other expensive hydrogen absorbing raw materials neither, high temperature nor pressure. This invention plays a significant role in the development of future energy, industry, medicine, space exploration and material requirements of inaccessible areas of the earth and the deep oceans. The present invention is a method of Gravitoradiophysical Nuclear Transmutation (GNT) to transmute elements of the periodic table in a reactor. Starting the process by feeding feedstock containing a specific chemical compound or its isotopes in an aqueous suspension into the reactor. Creating a weightless condition using free-fall mechanism as soon the feedstock is fed. Maintaining required pressure and temperature by sensors for a proper functioning of the reactor in a controlled manner, if not operating the sensors manually to attain controlled functioning of the transmutation. Delivering frequencies to the feedstock that flows through the inner part of the reactor which is a resonating column at different bands of frequencies from a lowest atomic weight to highest atomic weight. Resonating the inner part of the reactor and creating a weightless condition through the free-fall mechanism. Dissociating the elements depending on a period exposure of the feedstock to the frequencies, further comprises of, applying Specific Frequency of Dissociation (SFoD), and Specific Frequency of Transmutation (SFoT), to the reactor for a specific time at specific intensity, dissociating a targeted or specific element initially from its compounded form to corresponding equilibrium elemental state under weightless condition, and applying frequencies of SFoD and SFoT to the reactor irrespective of time, resulting in obtaining of any higher periodic elements through dissociation. Transmuting when the SFoT is applied on the feedstock containing dissociated elements which are achieved by specific Frequency of transmutation, which will take the dissociated elements to tunneling probability, that may exceed the Coulomb’s barrier, resulting in elemental transmutation. Separating the transmuted elements from an aqueous solution permanently even if the elements are originally dissolved, due to the hydrophobic property they possess after the transmutation and some elements dissolves in water. Extracting separated elements by suitable dewatering methods, which are mainly of oxides of the elements when comes in contact with the atmospheric air after taking out of the reactor. Testing and analyzing the presence of elemental quantities by the known gold standard analytical technique and ending the process. Further, longer and higher intensity exposure to SFoT results in prolonging the reaction to produce elements from alkali metals to alkaline metals, other metals, transition metals, lanthanoids, actinoids, metalloids, nonmetals, halogens or even noble gases, depending on the original feedstock. Producing stable isotopes of the elements without radioactivity. Elemental transmutation occurs without the use of heavy water, or other expensive hydrogen absorbing raw materials nor high temperature neither pressure.

A system for Gravitoradiophysical Nuclear Transmutation (GNT) to transmute elements of the periodic table by applying dissociative gravitoradiophysical principles comprising, a feed inlet line, a feed out line, a heating means, a frequency Generator, a reactor shell, a vacuum gauge, a pressure gauge, temperature sensors, free-fall module, vacuum pump, a transmuter hereinafter referred as“Boom Tube”, and a pressure relief valve. The feed inlet line obtains feedstock supplied to the system for processing. The Boom Tube is subjected to Specific Frequency of Dissociation (SFoD), and Specific Frequency of Transmutation (SFoT) frequencies in a plurality of channels as required of the frequency generator, said channels are a group of frequencies that are injected into the resonating transmuter. The reactor shell covers the Boom Tube and the free- fall mechanism and holds the other components in place. The pressure relief valve is a safety device. The heating means is provided to excite the reactor when required, which is only for special cases. The feedstock once placed is subjected to high-frequency shortwave first with SFoD followed by SFoT. Depending on the feedstock any elements of the periodic table including polonium, radon, radium, actinium, thorium, protactinium, uranium, neptunium, americium, nickel, manganese, bromine, hafnium, ytterbium, mercury, gold, platinum, and their isotopes are obtained. Said system is also applied to carry out inactivation of nuclear waste which is generated during conversion of waste radioactive isotopes of elements into stable isotopes.

In this invention, a Gravitoradiophysical Nuclear Transmutation (GNT) reactor to transmute elements of the periodic table by applying dissociative gravitoradiophysical principles comprising, a feed inlet line, a feed out line, a heating system, a frequency Generator, a reactor shell, a vacuum gauge, a pressure gauge, one or more temperature sensors, free-fall mechanism, vacuum pump, a transmuter hereinafter referred as“Boom Tube”, and a pressure relief valve. The feed inlet line through which feedstock is supplied is placed at the midpoint at one side of the GNT reactor. The feed out line is situated exactly opposite to the feed inlet and inclined downwards at an angle with respect to the side wall of the GNT reactor. The heating system is positioned right below the feed inlet line. The Boom Tube is placed at the center of the GNT reactor and is subjected to Specific Frequency of Dissociation (SFoD), and Specific Frequency of Transmutation (SFoT) frequencies in plurality of channels as required of the frequency generator, said channels are a group of frequencies that are injected into the resonating transmuter. The reactor shell covers the Boom Tube and the free-fall mechanism and holds the other parts in place. The vacuum pump is positioned next to the vacuum gauge which is positioned at the top of the GNT reactor alongside the pressure gauge and temperature sensors. The free-fall mechanism with a motor is placed at the base of the GNT reactor. The pressure relief valve is a safety device mounted on the upper-end of the Boom Tube, which is near to the feed out line.

Further, the said reactor is made of a complex alloy of Aluminium, Titanium, Manganese, and Copper. The heating system is provided to excite the reactor under some special cases only. The feedstock once placed in the GNT reactor is subjected to high-frequency shortwave first with SFoD followed by SFoT. Depending on the feedstock any elements of the periodic table including polonium, radon, radium, actinium, thorium, protactinium, uranium, neptunium, americium, nickel, manganese, bromine, hafnium, ytterbium, mercury, gold, platinum, and their isotopes are obtained. The said reactor can be used to carry out inactivation of nuclear waste generated during conversion of waste radioactive isotopes of elements into stable isotopes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Figure 1 shows a Gravitoradiophysical Nuclear Transmuter or (GNT), including a vacuum chamber in three dimensions.

Figure 2 shows the design of GNT reactor with external components.

Figure 3 shows an internal structure of the GNT reactor.

Figure 4 shows an isometric view of the GNT reactor.

Figure 5 shows a transmuter hereinafter referred as“Boom Tube” construction of the GNT reactor.

Figure 6 shows the entire process of the GNT reactor.

Figure 7 shows the curve of nuclear potential energy in the case of a charged particle interaction with a nucleus.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Figure 1 shows the Gravitoradiophysical Nuclear Transmuter (GNT) reactor that includes a vacuum chamber in three dimensions.

Figure 2 shows the design of the GNT reactor with external components. The GNT reactor consists of a feed inlet line 1, a feed out line 2, a controlled heating system 3, a frequency generator 4, a reactor shell 5, a vacuum gauge 6, a pressure gauge 7, a temperature sensor 8, a Free-fall Mechanism (Motor) 9, a vacuum pump 10, a a transmuter hereinafter referred as“Boom Tube” 11, and a pressure relief valve 12. The GNT reactor is made of a complex alloy of Aluminum, Titanium, Manganese, and Copper. The feedstock is fed into the GNT reactor through the feed inlet 1. The feedstock is subjected to high- frequency shortwave, first with a Specific Frequency of Dissociation (SFoD) and then with a Specific Frequency of Transmutation (SFoT). SFoD requires different sets of frequencies and SFoT is dependent on a primary element and a transmuted element. The feed inlet line 1 is positioned at the midpoint at one side of the GNT reactor. The feed out line 2 is placed exactly at the opposite side of the feed inlet 1 and is inclined towards the bottom at an angle with respect to the side wall of the reactor. The heating is provided to excite the reactor by applying heat in some cases, which is not always required but only for some special cases. The controlled heating system 3 is right exactly below the feed inlet line 1. The frequency generator 4 is placed above the feed inlet line 1 as shown in Figure 2. The reactor shell 5 is an outer layer of the GNT reactor that holds the other components in place and also covers the Boom Tube 11 and free-fall mechanism 9.

The entire process has to be carried out under controlled conditions. In order to achieve the transmutation of the elements, the vacuum gauge 6, pressure gauge 7, and temperature sensors 8 are used. The said sensors 8 are placed side by side on the top of the GNT reactor. The Free-fall mechanism 9 with motor oscillates the transmuter that rotates the resonating transmuter so as to create a Microgravity environment which is a weightless condition inside the Boom Tube 11 and is situated in the bottom of the GNT reactor. The vacuum pump 10 is located next to the mentioned sensors 8. The Boom Tube 11 which is positioned at the center of the apparatus, is the core part in the transmutation of elements. The pressure relief valve 12 is mounted on the upper part of the Boom Tube 11 and near to the feed out line 2. This pressure relief valve 12 is used to maintain the pressure inside the Boom Tube 11. Depending on the feedstock, the process leads to obtaining any elements of the periodic table including polonium, radon, radium, actinium, thorium, protactinium, uranium, neptunium, americium, nickel, manganese, bromine, hafnium, ytterbium, mercury, gold, platinum, and their isotopes.

Figure 3 shows the internal construction of the GNT reactor with the Boom Tube 11, and a free-fall mechanism with motor 9 that rotates the resonating transmuter so as to create a microgravity environment, such as to create a weightless condition inside the Boom Tube 11. The feedstock may contain many different elements. Hence, many different frequencies are required. The required frequencies are delivered to the feedstock that flows through the Boom Tube 11 placed inside the GNT Reactor. The said tube 11 is a resonating column tuned to different bands of frequencies starting from the lowest atomic weight to highest atomic weight. The Boom Tube 11 starts resonating to create the weightless condition which is achieved by a frequency source called High Power Specific Frequency transmuter. As the feedstock passes through the Boom Tube 11, the elements in the feedstock will start dissociating from their compounded form to their equilibrium elemental state by neutron capture, proton interactions and electron reorganization under the weightless condition called as Microgravity created at the base referred herein above.

Figure 4 shows an isometric view of the GNT reactor with the feed inlet line 1, the feed out line 2, the controlled heating system 3, a frequency generator 4, reactor shell 5, vacuum gauge 6, pressure gauge 7, temperature sensor 8, Free- fall Mechanism (Motor) 9, vacuum pump 10, Boom Tube 11, and pressure relief valve 12. The isometric view explains the placements of the temperature sensor 8 and vacuum pump 10. The temperature and vacuum are important and essential parameters for the functioning of the GNT reactor. The temperature sensor 8 is placed next to the pressure gauge 7, and the vacuum pump 10 is located next to the vacuum gauge 6. Both the vacuum pump 10 and the temperature sensor 8 are situated on top of the GNT reactor.

Figure 5 shows Boom Tube 11 construction of the GNT reactor. The Boom Tube 11 is an integral part of the GNT reactor and is subjected to the SFoD and SFOT frequencies in plurality of channels as required of the frequency generator 4 which are a group of frequencies that are injected into the resonating transmuter. Each channel can handle sixteen elements of the periodic table. The feedstock may contain many different elements and hence requires many different frequencies. The frequencies are delivered to the feedstock that flows through the inner part of GNT reactor which is the Boom Tube 11 and is a resonating column containing the plurality of channels as required of the frequency generator 4, tuned to different bands of frequencies starting from the lowest atomic weight to highest atomic weight. As the feedstock passes through the Boom Tube 11, the elements in the feedstock start dissociating from their compounded form to the equilibrium elemental state under the weightless condition created by a frequency source called High Power Specific Frequency Transmuter. The dissociated elements are then subjected to the SFoT when elemental transmutation takes place. Some elements become hydrophobic and separate out from the aqueous solution permanently even if they were originally dissolved and some dissolves in water. The separated particles are extracted by suitable dewatering methods, which are mainly of oxides of the elements when comes in contact with the atmospheric air after taking out of the Boom Tube 11. The pressure relief valve 12 is used as a safety device and mounted on the Boom Tube 11.

Figure 6 shows the process of the GNT reactor for obtaining the transmuted elements - using the dissociative gravitoradiophysical principles. When the process starts 100, the feedstock containing the specific chemical compound or its isotopes in the aqueous suspension is fed 101 into the GNT reactor through the feed inlet line. As soon as the feedstock is placed, the free-fall mechanism that forms a microgravity environment by rotating the resonating transmuter is applied 102 to create the weightless condition inside the Boom Tube, and the pressure and temperatures required are maintained using the sensors 102. The feedstock may contain many different elements and hence requires many different frequencies. The frequencies are delivered to the feedstock that flows through the inner part of GNT reactor which is the Boom Tube that acts as a resonating column tuned to different bands of frequencies 104, starting from the lowest atomic weight to highest atomic weight. The SFoD and SFoT are frequencies in the electromagnetic spectrum, when applied to the GNT reactor for a specific time at a specific intensity 104, a targeted element will first dissociate 106 from its compounded form to their equilibrium elemental state under the weightless condition created by a frequency source called High Power Specific Frequency Transmuter which is followed by the SFoT, and elemental transmutation 107 takes place, if not (feedstock is not applied for the specific time) initiates the SFoD 105 until the Boom Tube starts to resonate. SFoD and SFoT are unique to each element in the periodic table. Some elements become hydrophobic and are separated out 108 from the aqueous solution permanently even if they were originally dissolved and some elements dissolve in water. The separated particles are obtained through the outlet by suitable dewatering materials, said separated particles mainly are oxides of the elements while they come in contact with the atmospheric air, after taking out of the Boom Tube through the feed out line. The transmuted elements are then checked for traces of elements 110 by the known gold standard analytical technique, and the process is completed 111 in a highly controlled manner.

Figure 7 is the curve 200 of nuclear potential energy in the case of a charged particle interaction with a nucleus with respect to the GNT reactor with the Unitary Quantum Theory, where the right top part of the curve corresponds to the mutual Coulomb repulsion that nucleus and charged particle in the Boom Tube 11 experiences. The repulsion potential can be described by the formula

U (r ) = Zze²/r,

Where Z is the nucleus charge, z is the charge of a particle moving to the nucleus, e is the electron charge; r is the distance between given particle and nucleus. At r=R the potential energy curve has a jump that can be explained by the appearance of the intensive nuclear attraction. There is no any specific mathematical formula for the potential of the nuclear attraction. If the charged particle can overcome the potential barrier (Be) of the height,

B, = Zze² /r ~ Zz/³V A MeV

Further, the particle falls into the region of nuclear forces of attraction, and the reaction will proceed. Let us consider the nuclear interaction if the charged particle possesses kinetic energy T < B_c. From the classical physics point of view there will be no particle level reaction at all in that case because reaching some distance r < R to the Coulomb barrier top, the particle will be turned back and reflected. The energy in GNT reactor case should be near 0.042 eV, during elemental dissociation the height of Coulomb barrier, in this case, is B_c = Zze / ³V A = 0.8MeV. It is impossible to overcome the barrier with the height dozens of million times more than the kinetic energy from the classical physics point of view. However, from a quantum mechanics point of view there is a tunneling effect and the probability of such tunneling, or potential barrier transparency D, is given by a well-known formula [2] :

Mwi

where

is so called reduced mass, M in the nucleus mass, m is the particle mass. The lower limit of integration rl coincides with the nucleus radius

R, the upper limit r2 corresponds to the condition

This can be further solved to finally estimate the tunneling probability. The reaction in the GNT reactor Boom Tube 11 is controlled to achieve elemental dissociation first when it is never allowed to cross the Coulomb’s barrier, then the specific Frequency of transmutation will take it to tunneling probability that may exceed the Coulomb’s barrier, resulting in elemental transmutation. The time and intensity of exposure are also critical. Longer and higher intensity exposure with SFoT results in prolonging the reaction to produce elements from alkali metals to alkaline metals, other metals, transition metals, lanthanoids, actinoids, metalloids, nonmetals, halogens or even noble gases, depending on the original feedstock. Experimental Results

An experiment was setup with the GNT Reactor; four (4) liters of double distilled water was taken and added with 20 grams of 98% assay Mercuric Sulphate (HgS04). The HgS04 had maximum impurities estimated by the manufacturer as Chloride (CL) 0.005%, Iron (Fe) 0.005%, Potassium (K) 0.01%, Sodium (Na) 0.01%. Mercuric Sulphate is not directly soluble in water, so it was dissolved in 0.1N Sulphuric acid and introduced into the double distilled water. Aluminum was introduced in the system through the reactor. The experiment was conducted many times to establish the repeatability. The four liters of water (feedstock) was divided into two parts of two liters each. One part was not processed and was kept as control, the other part was processed. The samples were named and labeled as “Project X, Raw” and “Project X, Processed”, the accredited laboratory that tested all the samples was completely blinded and did not have any knowledge of what they were testing. The laboratory was only asked to take necessary precautions relating to hazardous chemical substances. The tests were done using ICP-AES (Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), also referred to as inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), is a known gold standard analytical technique used for the detection of trace elements) The results of the first test was as follows [3]:

First Test Results

The test was repeated once again, under the same condition, additional elements were also analyzed; the results are as follows: Second Test Results

The test results above very clearly show that Elemental transmutation is taking place without the use of heavy water, or other expensive hydrogen absorbing raw materials nor high temperature or pressure. It is now possible to achieve controlled transmutation of elements using GNT reactor. As an example two nuclear equations can be shown for transmutation of gold and silver;

³² ₁₆S +²⁷ _{! 3} AL+6¹ ₀n ®· ⁶⁵ ₃₀Zn + L -÷⁶⁵ ₃₀Zn +³² _I6S+¹ _IH ®· ⁹⁸ ₄₇Ag +9¹ ₀n ®· ¹⁰⁷ ₄₇Ag

The other nuclear equation for other elements of this process before and after the GNT reactions can also be derived.

This invention would also play an important role in the development of future energy, industry, medicine, space exploration and material requirements of inaccessible areas of the earth and the deep oceans.

REFERENCES

1. Y. N. Srivastava and A. Widom and J. Swain,“Theories of Low Energy Nuclear Transmutations”, 27 Oct 2012,

2. Leo G. Sapogin and Yu. A. Ryabov,“Low Energy Nuclear Reactions (LENR) - and Nuclear Transmutations at Unitary Quantum Theory”,

International Journal of Physics and Astronomy, Vol. 1 No. 1, December 2013.

3. “Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES)”.

Wikipedia.

Claims

1. A method of Gravitoradiophysical Nuclear Transmutation (GNT) to transmute elements of the periodic table in a reactor, comprising the steps of:

i. Starting 100 the process by feeding 101 feedstock containing a specific chemical compound or its isotopes in an aqueous suspension into the reactor;

ii. Creating a weightless condition using free-fall mechanism as soon the feedstock is fed;

iii. Maintaining required pressure and temperature by sensors 102 for proper functioning of the reactor in a controlled manner, if not operating the sensors manually 103 to attain controlled functioning of the transmutation;

iv. Delivering frequencies to the feedstock that flows through the inner part of the reactor which is a resonating column at different bands of frequencies from a lowest atomic weight to highest atomic weight; v. Resonating the inner part of the reactor and creating a weightless condition through the free-fall mechanism;

vi. Dissociating the elements depending on a period exposure of the feedstock to the frequencies, further comprises of:

a. Applying Specific Frequency of Dissociation (SFoD), and Specific Frequency of Transmutation (SFoT), to the reactor for a specific time at specific intensity 104;

b. Dissociating a targeted or specific element 106 initially from its compounded form to corresponding equilibrium elemental state under weightless condition; and

c. Applying frequencies of SFoD and SFoT to the reactor irrespective of time, resulting in obtaining of any higher periodic elements through dissociation 105; vii. Transmuting 107 when the SFoT is applied on the feedstock containing dissociated elements which are achieved by specific Frequency of transmutation, which will take the dissociated elements to tunneling probability, that may exceed the Coulomb’s barrier, resulting in elemental transmutation;

viii. Separating the transmuted elements 108 from an aqueous solution permanently even if the elements are originally dissolved, due to the hydrophobic property they possess after the transmutation and some elements dissolves in water;

ix. Extracting 109 separated elements by suitable dewatering methods, which are mainly of oxides of the elements when comes in contact with the atmospheric air after taking out of the reactor; and

x. Testing and analyzing the presence of elemental quantities 110 by the known gold standard analytical technique and ending the process 111.

2. The Gravitoradiophysical Nuclear Transmutation (GNT) method of Claim 1, wherein longer and higher intensity exposure to SFoT results in prolonging the reaction to produce elements from alkali metals to alkaline metals, other metals, transition metals, lanthanoids, actinoids, metalloids, nonmetals, halogens or even noble gases, depending on the original feedstock.

3. The Gravitoradiophysical Nuclear Transmutation (GNT) method of Claim 1, wherein producing stable isotopes of the elements without radioactivity.

4. The Gravitoradiophysical Nuclear Transmutation (GNT) method of Claim 1, wherein elemental transmutation occurs without the use of heavy water, or other expensive hydrogen absorbing raw materials nor high temperature neither pressure.

5. A system for Gravitoradiophysical Nuclear Transmutation (GNT) to transmute elements of the periodic table by applying dissociative gravitoradiophysical principles comprising, (a) a feed inlet line 1, (b) a feed out line 2, (c) a heating means 3, (d) a frequency Generator 4, (e) a reactor shell 5, (f) a vacuum gauge 6, (g) a pressure gauge 7, (h) temperature sensors 8, (i) free-fall module 9, (j) vacuum pump 10, (k) a transmuter hereinafter referred as“Boom Tube” 11, and (1) a pressure relief valve 12, wherein:

i. The feed inlet line 1 obtains feedstock supplied to the system for processing;

ii. The Boom Tube 11 is subjected to Specific Frequency of Dissociation (SFoD), and Specific Frequency of Transmutation (SFoT) frequencies in plurality of channels as required of the frequency generator 4, said channels are a group of frequencies that are injected into the resonating transmuter;

iii. The reactor shell 5 covers the Boom Tube 11 and the free-fall mechanism 9, and holds the other components in place; and

iv. The pressure relief valve 12 is a safety device.

6. The system for Gravitoradiophysical Nuclear Transmutation (GNT) of Claim 5, wherein the heating means 3 is provided to excite the reactor when required.

7. The system for Gravitoradiophysical Nuclear Transmutation (GNT) of Claim 5, wherein the feedstock once placed is subjected to high-frequency shortwave first with SFoD followed by SFoT.

8. The system for Gravitoradiophysical Nuclear Transmutation (GNT) of Claim 5, wherein depending on the feedstock any elements of the periodic table including polonium, radon, radium, actinium, thorium, protactinium, uranium, neptunium, americium, nickel, manganese, bromine, hafnium, ytterbium, mercury, gold, platinum, and their isotopes are obtained.

9. The system for Gravitoradiophysical Nuclear Transmutation (GNT) of Claim 5, wherein said system is also applied to carry out inactivation of nuclear waste which is generated during conversion of waste radioactive isotopes of elements into stable isotopes.

10. A Gravitoradiophysical Nuclear Transmutation (GNT) reactor to transmute elements of the periodic table by applying dissociative gravitoradiophysical principles comprising, (a) a feed inlet line 1, (b) a feed out line 2, (c) a heating system 3, (d) a frequency Generator 4, (e) a reactor shell 5, (f) a vacuum gauge 6, (g) a pressure gauge 7, (h) one or more temperature sensors 8, (i) free-fall mechanism 9, (j) vacuum pump 10, (k) a transmuter hereinafter referred as“Boom Tube” 11, and (1) a pressure relief valve 12, wherein:

i. The feed inlet line 1 through which feedstock is supplied, is placed at the midpoint at one side of the GNT reactor;

ii. The feed out line 2 is situated exactly opposite to the feed inlet 1 and inclined downwards at an angle with respect to the side wall of the GNT reactor;

iii. The heating system 3 is positioned right below the feed inlet line 1; iv. The Boom Tube 11 is placed at the center of the GNT reactor and is subjected to Specific Frequency of Dissociation (SFoD), and Specific Frequency of Transmutation (SFoT) frequencies in plurality of channels as required of the frequency generator 4, said channels are a group of frequencies that are injected into the resonating transmuter; v. The reactor shell 5 covers the Boom Tube 11 and the free-fall mechanism 9, and holds the other parts in place;

vi. The vacuum pump 10 is positioned next to the vacuum gauge 6 which is positioned at the top of the GNT reactor alongside the pressure gauge 7 and temperature sensors 8; vii. The free-fall mechanism 9 with a motor is placed at the base of the GNT reactor; and

viii. The pressure relief valve 12 is a safety device mounted on the upper- end of the Boom Tube 11, which is near to the feed out line 2.

11. The Gravitoradiophysical Nuclear Transmutation (GNT) reactor of Claim

10, wherein the said reactor is made of a complex alloy of Aluminium, Titanium, Manganese, and Copper.

12. The Gravitoradiophysical Nuclear Transmutation (GNT) reactor of Claim 10, wherein the heating system 3 is provided to excite the reactor under some special cases only.

13. The Gravitoradiophysical Nuclear Transmutation (GNT) reactor of Claim 10, wherein the feedstock once placed in the GNT reactor is subjected to high-frequency shortwave first with SFoD followed by SFoT.

14. The Gravitoradiophysical Nuclear Transmutation (GNT) reactor of Claim 10, wherein depending on the feedstock any elements of the periodic table including polonium, radon, radium, actinium, thorium, protactinium, uranium, neptunium, americium, nickel, manganese, bromine, hafnium, ytterbium, mercury, gold, platinum, and their isotopes are obtained.

15. The Gravitoradiophysical Nuclear Transmutation (GNT) reactor of Claim 10, wherein the said reactor can be used to carry out inactivation of nuclear waste generated during conversion of waste radioactive isotopes of elements into stable isotopes.