WO2019100648A1 - Converter flue gas residual heat recovery process - Google Patents

Converter flue gas residual heat recovery process Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019100648A1
WO2019100648A1 PCT/CN2018/083328 CN2018083328W WO2019100648A1 WO 2019100648 A1 WO2019100648 A1 WO 2019100648A1 CN 2018083328 W CN2018083328 W CN 2018083328W WO 2019100648 A1 WO2019100648 A1 WO 2019100648A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flue gas
waste heat
discharged
nickname
water
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PCT/CN2018/083328
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李慧
梁精龙
严红燕
王冬斌
李运刚
张汉鑫
张立生
郑天新
王斌
刘畅
贾雷
张帅
王晶
于米满
王蓝卿
郭婧琪
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华北理工大学
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Publication of WO2019100648A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019100648A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/38—Removal of waste gases or dust
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C2100/00—Exhaust gas
    • C21C2100/02—Treatment of the exhaust gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C2100/00—Exhaust gas
    • C21C2100/06—Energy from waste gas used in other processes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
    • F27D2017/006—Systems for reclaiming waste heat using a boiler
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
    • Y02P10/122—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions by capturing or storing CO2
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of waste heat utilization of metallurgical industry, and particularly relates to a waste heat recovery process of converter flue gas.
  • the dry process (LT) and the wet process (OG) are generally used. After the dry process (LT) is first cooled by the flue, water spray is cooled, and impurities are removed by an electrostatic precipitator. The gas is then recovered for release or ignition.
  • the wet process (OG) is the recovery, release or ignition of gas after two venturis and two dehydration. In the middle process, the temperature of the flue gas should drop from about 1500 °C to below 300 °C. This process not only causes energy loss, but also requires a large amount of water for cooling during the cooling process.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a converter flue gas waste heat recovery process for the above problems existing in the existing converter flue gas treatment process.
  • a converter flue gas waste heat recovery process comprising the following steps:
  • the temperature discharged from the converter is 1300 ° C ⁇ 1800 ° C
  • the main component is CO flue gas
  • the flue gas is transported into the nickname waste heat boiler through the flue, and the flue gas is exchanged with water in the nickname waste heat boiler, ⁇ Part of the water in the waste heat boiler is converted into water vapor, and the temperature of the flue gas drops to 900 ° C ⁇ 1000 ° C, and the waste heat of the heat exchange boiler of No. 1 is discharged;
  • the flue gas whose main component is CO 2 discharged from the carbon dioxide generating device is sent to the nickname waste heat boiler, and after the flue gas exchanges heat with the water in the nickname waste heat boiler, part of the water in the nickname waste heat boiler is converted into water vapor. , the temperature of the flue gas drops to 250 ° C ⁇ 350 ° C, the nickname waste heat boiler will discharge the flue gas after heat exchange;
  • the flue gas discharged from the nickname waste heat boiler is sent to the heat exchange device, and after the flue gas exchanges heat with the water in the heat exchange device, the temperature of the water in the heat exchange device increases and part of the water is converted into water vapor, and the flue gas The temperature drops to 50 ° C ⁇ 70 ° C, the heat exchange device will discharge the flue gas after heat exchange;
  • the flue gas discharged from the heat exchange device is dedusted by an electrostatic precipitator, and then sent to a carbon dioxide purification and cooling recovery device to collect CO 2 gas.
  • the water vapor generated by the nickname waste heat boiler and the water vapor generated by the nickname waste heat boiler are used for power generation equipment after being regulated by the steam regulator tank.
  • the iron ore is layered in the carbon dioxide generating device, and a multi-stage reaction zone is arranged, and the temperature of the flue gas whose main component is CO 2 discharged by the carbon dioxide generating device is 900 ° C to 1000 ° C.
  • the hot water and water vapor generated by the heat exchange device are used for the development of civil waste heat.
  • civil waste heat development described includes industrial production and hot spring tourism development.
  • the present invention not only converts toxic CO in the flue gas into non-toxic CO 2 through the redox reaction of CO and iron ore, but also ensures that the heat of the flue gas is not lost, ensures the safety of the production process, and is also used for iron making. Production provides raw materials.
  • the invention collects exhaust gas from the flue gas discharged from the heat exchange device through the electrostatic precipitator, and replaces the process of producing CO 2 by high-temperature calcined limestone in the iron production, saves a large amount of energy, and realizes zero emission of the converter flue gas. .
  • the invention can not only realize the complete utilization of flue gas waste heat, but also realize zero discharge and no pollution of converter steelmaking; the safety factor and thermal efficiency are greatly improved compared with the existing methods. It is practical and can be widely promoted.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a process for recovering waste heat of a converter flue gas in a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • a converter flue gas waste heat recovery process includes the following steps:
  • the temperature discharged from the converter is 1300 ° C ⁇ 1800 ° C
  • the main component is CO flue gas
  • the flue gas is transported into the nickname waste heat boiler through the flue, and the flue gas is exchanged with water in the nickname waste heat boiler, ⁇ Part of the water in the waste heat boiler is converted into water vapor, and the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 900 ° C ⁇ 1000 ° C after heat transfer calculation, and the waste heat of the No. 1 waste heat boiler is discharged.
  • the water vapor generated by the nickname waste heat boiler is used for power generation by the steam regulator tank, and the steam regulator tank is used to ensure that the water vapor can be continuously and stably supplied to the power generation equipment;
  • the carbon dioxide generating device conveying the flue gas discharged from the nickname waste heat boiler to the carbon dioxide generating device, wherein the carbon dioxide generating device is provided with iron ore, and the flue gas discharged from the nickname waste heat boiler and the iron ore spontaneously undergo oxidation-reduction reaction
  • the main component of the gas is CO 2
  • the carbon dioxide generating device discharges the flue gas whose main component is CO 2 .
  • the iron ore is layered and arranged in a multi-stage reaction zone in the carbon dioxide generating device.
  • the main component of the iron ore is Fe 2 O 3 , and the Fe 2 O 3 can be combined with the nickname waste heat boiler at an ambient temperature of about 800 °C.
  • the spontaneous oxidation-reduction reaction of CO in the flue gas does not require external heating, the iron ore is reduced to Fe 3 O 4 and FeO, and the CO is oxidized to CO 2 , so the main component of the flue gas discharged from the carbon dioxide generating device For CO 2 .
  • the reaction between iron ore and CO is an exothermic reaction, so the temperature of the flue gas in the carbon dioxide generating device is not changed, and the temperature of the flue gas discharged from the carbon dioxide generating device is still 900 ° C to 1000 ° C. Therefore, in the carbon dioxide generating device, the flue gas heat is not lost, and CO is converted into CO 2 to ensure the safety of the production process, and also to provide raw materials for iron making production.
  • the flue gas whose main component is CO 2 discharged from the carbon dioxide generating device is sent to the nickname waste heat boiler, and after the flue gas exchanges heat with the water in the nickname waste heat boiler, part of the water in the nickname waste heat boiler is converted into water vapor.
  • the temperature of the flue gas drops to 250 ° C ⁇ 350 ° C, the nickname waste heat boiler will discharge the flue gas.
  • the water vapor generated by the nickname waste heat boiler is used for power generation by the steam regulator tank, and the steam regulator tank is used to ensure that the water vapor can be continuously supplied to the power generation equipment.
  • the flue gas discharged from the nickname waste heat boiler is sent to the heat exchange device, and after the flue gas exchanges heat with the water in the heat exchange device, the temperature of the water in the heat exchange device increases and part of the water is converted into water vapor, and the flue gas The temperature drops to 50 ° C ⁇ 70 ° C, the heat exchanger discharges the flue gas.
  • the present invention will be discharged from the nickname waste heat boiler
  • the flue gas is transported into the heat exchange device, and the residual heat of the flue gas is reduced to 50 ° C to 70 ° C by the heat exchange device.
  • the hot water heated by the heat exchange device and the generated water vapor are used for the development of civil waste heat, for example, for industrial production and hot spring tourism development, ensuring that the waste heat of the flue gas is fully utilized without waste of resources. To the lowest, while fully exploiting the economic benefits of smoke. Moreover, since there is almost no moisture in the flue gas, the low temperature corrosion of the flue gas to the heat exchange device can be ignored.
  • the flue gas discharged from the heat exchange device is dedusted by an electrostatic precipitator, and then sent to a carbon dioxide purification and cooling recovery device to collect CO 2 gas.
  • the temperature of the flue gas drops to 50 ° C ⁇ 70 ° C, and the main component is CO 2 gas, and CO 2 is an industrial raw material, which has commercial value, so the electrostatic dust removing device is used in the present invention.
  • the flue gas discharged from the heat device is dedusted, and then the pure CO 2 is obtained by purification and low temperature enrichment. This method can be used to replace the high temperature calcined limestone to produce carbon dioxide in the iron production process, which can save a lot of energy. Consumption and reduce waste emissions.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the present invention not only converts toxic CO in the flue gas into non-toxic CO 2 through the redox reaction of CO and iron ore, but also ensures that the heat of the flue gas is not lost, ensures the safety of the production process, and is also used for iron making. Production provides raw materials.
  • the invention collects exhaust gas from the flue gas discharged from the heat exchange device through the electrostatic precipitator, and replaces the process of producing CO 2 by high-temperature calcined limestone in the iron production, saves a large amount of energy, and realizes zero emission of the converter flue gas. .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

A converter flue gas residual heat recovery process is disclosed, comprising the following steps: S1. flue gas discharged from a converter is inputted to a first residual heat boiler, and flue gas is discharged after heat exchange in the first residual heat boiler; S2. flue gas discharged from the first residual heat boiler is inputted to a carbon dioxide generating device, and the flue gas is discharged after a spontaneous redox reaction with iron ore; S3. flue gas discharged from the carbon dioxide generating device is inputted to a second residual heat boiler, and flue gas is discharged after heat exchange in the second residual heat boiler; S4. flue gas discharged from the second residual heat boiler is outputted to a heat exchange device, and flue gas is discharged after heat exchange in the heat exchange device; S5. flue gas discharged from the heat exchange device is inputted into a carbon dioxide purification cooling recovery device by way of an electrostatic dust-removal device to collect CO2 gas.

Description

一种转炉烟气余热回收工艺Converter flue gas waste heat recovery process 技术领域Technical field
本发明属于冶金工业余热利用技术领域，特别涉及一种转炉烟气余热回收工艺。The invention belongs to the technical field of waste heat utilization of metallurgical industry, and particularly relates to a waste heat recovery process of converter flue gas.
背景技术Background technique
在目前转炉烟气处理的流程中，通常使用的是干法(LT)和湿法(OG)，干法(LT)先经过烟道降温后，进行喷水冷却，通过静电除尘器除去杂质，随后回收煤气进行放散或点燃。湿法(OG)是在经过两次文氏管，两次脱水后将煤气回收、放散或点燃。中间过程中烟气温度要从1500℃左右骤降到300℃以下，这个过程不仅造成能量的损失，而且在降温的过程中需要大量的水进行冷却。In the current process of converter flue gas treatment, the dry process (LT) and the wet process (OG) are generally used. After the dry process (LT) is first cooled by the flue, water spray is cooled, and impurities are removed by an electrostatic precipitator. The gas is then recovered for release or ignition. The wet process (OG) is the recovery, release or ignition of gas after two venturis and two dehydration. In the middle process, the temperature of the flue gas should drop from about 1500 °C to below 300 °C. This process not only causes energy loss, but also requires a large amount of water for cooling during the cooling process.
经过热力学分析知CO与铁矿石在800℃的温度下能够自发的发生氧化还原反应，而且这个氧化还原反应是放热反应，所以导致这个反应中环境的温度不会发生太大的改变，没有热损失。After thermodynamic analysis, it is known that CO and iron ore can spontaneously undergo redox reaction at 800 ° C, and this redox reaction is an exothermic reaction, so the temperature of the environment in this reaction does not change too much, no Heat loss.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的在于，针对现有转炉烟气处理工艺中存在的上述问题，提供一种转炉烟气余热回收工艺。The object of the present invention is to provide a converter flue gas waste heat recovery process for the above problems existing in the existing converter flue gas treatment process.
为了实现上述目的，本申请采用的技术方案为：一种转炉烟气余热回收工艺，包括如下步骤：In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present application is: a converter flue gas waste heat recovery process, comprising the following steps:
S1、将从转炉中排出的温度为1300℃～1800℃，且主要成份为CO的烟气经烟道输送入壹号余热锅炉，烟气在壹号余热锅炉内与水进行换热后，壹号余热锅炉内的部分水转换成水蒸气，烟气温度下降到900℃～1000℃，壹号余热 锅炉将热交换后的烟气排出；S1, the temperature discharged from the converter is 1300 ° C ~ 1800 ° C, and the main component is CO flue gas is transported into the nickname waste heat boiler through the flue, and the flue gas is exchanged with water in the nickname waste heat boiler, 壹Part of the water in the waste heat boiler is converted into water vapor, and the temperature of the flue gas drops to 900 ° C ~ 1000 ° C, and the waste heat of the heat exchange boiler of No. 1 is discharged;
S2、将壹号余热锅炉排出的烟气输送到二氧化碳发生装置中，所述二氧化碳发生装置中设置有铁矿石，壹号余热锅炉排出的烟气与铁矿石发生自发的氧化还原反应后产生主要成份为CO 2的烟气，二氧化碳发生装置将主要成份为CO 2的烟气排出； S2, conveying the flue gas discharged from the nickname waste heat boiler to the carbon dioxide generating device, wherein the carbon dioxide generating device is provided with iron ore, and the flue gas discharged from the nickname waste heat boiler and the iron ore spontaneously undergo oxidation-reduction reaction The main component is the flue gas of CO 2 , and the carbon dioxide generating device discharges the flue gas whose main component is CO 2 ;
S3、将二氧化碳发生装置排出的主要成份为CO 2的烟气输送到贰号余热锅炉，烟气在贰号余热锅炉内与水进行换热后，贰号余热锅炉内的部分水转换成水蒸气，烟气温度下降到250℃～350℃，贰号余热锅炉将热交换后的烟气排出； S3. The flue gas whose main component is CO 2 discharged from the carbon dioxide generating device is sent to the nickname waste heat boiler, and after the flue gas exchanges heat with the water in the nickname waste heat boiler, part of the water in the nickname waste heat boiler is converted into water vapor. , the temperature of the flue gas drops to 250 ° C ~ 350 ° C, the nickname waste heat boiler will discharge the flue gas after heat exchange;
S4、将贰号余热锅炉排出的烟气输送到换热装置，烟气在换热装置内与水进行换热后，换热装置中水的温度升高且部分水转化成水蒸气，烟气的温度下降到50℃～70℃，换热装置将换热后的烟气排出；S4. The flue gas discharged from the nickname waste heat boiler is sent to the heat exchange device, and after the flue gas exchanges heat with the water in the heat exchange device, the temperature of the water in the heat exchange device increases and part of the water is converted into water vapor, and the flue gas The temperature drops to 50 ° C ~ 70 ° C, the heat exchange device will discharge the flue gas after heat exchange;
S5、将换热装置排出的烟气经静电除尘装置进行除尘后输送入二氧化碳提纯冷却回收装置，收集CO 2气体。 S5. The flue gas discharged from the heat exchange device is dedusted by an electrostatic precipitator, and then sent to a carbon dioxide purification and cooling recovery device to collect CO 2 gas.
进一步的，壹号余热锅炉产生的水蒸气与贰号余热锅炉产生的水蒸气经蒸汽稳压罐稳压后用于发电设备。Further, the water vapor generated by the nickname waste heat boiler and the water vapor generated by the nickname waste heat boiler are used for power generation equipment after being regulated by the steam regulator tank.
进一步的，二氧化碳发生装置内分层布置铁矿石，并设置多级反应区，二氧化碳发生装置排出的主要成份为CO 2的烟气的温度为900℃～1000℃。 Further, the iron ore is layered in the carbon dioxide generating device, and a multi-stage reaction zone is arranged, and the temperature of the flue gas whose main component is CO 2 discharged by the carbon dioxide generating device is 900 ° C to 1000 ° C.
进一步的，换热装置产生的热水和水蒸气用于民用余热开发。Further, the hot water and water vapor generated by the heat exchange device are used for the development of civil waste heat.
进一步的，所述的民用余热开发包括工业生产和温泉旅游开发。Further, the civil waste heat development described includes industrial production and hot spring tourism development.
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1)本发明通过CO与铁矿石的氧化还原反应，不仅将烟气中的有毒CO转换成无毒的CO 2，而且确保烟气热量未损失，保证生产工艺的安全，还为炼铁生产提供原料。 (1) The present invention not only converts toxic CO in the flue gas into non-toxic CO 2 through the redox reaction of CO and iron ore, but also ensures that the heat of the flue gas is not lost, ensures the safety of the production process, and is also used for iron making. Production provides raw materials.
(2)烟气与壹号余热锅炉内的水和贰号余热锅炉内的水进行换热产生的水蒸气用于发电，烟气与换热装置内的水进行换热产生的热水和水蒸气用于民用余热开发，最大化的降低烟气的余热损失，发掘烟气的经济利益，烟气热效 率提高到85％。(2) The steam generated by the heat exchange between the flue gas and the water in the waste heat boiler of the nickname and the water in the waste heat boiler of the nickname is used for power generation, and the hot water and water generated by the heat exchange between the flue gas and the water in the heat exchange device Vapor is used for the development of civil waste heat, to minimize the loss of waste heat of flue gas, to explore the economic benefits of flue gas, and to increase the thermal efficiency of flue gas to 85%.
(3)本发明通过静电除尘设备对从换热装置内排出的烟气进行尾气收集，替代了炼铁生产中高温煅烧石灰石生产CO 2的工艺，节省大量能源，同时实现转炉烟气的零排放。 (3) The invention collects exhaust gas from the flue gas discharged from the heat exchange device through the electrostatic precipitator, and replaces the process of producing CO 2 by high-temperature calcined limestone in the iron production, saves a large amount of energy, and realizes zero emission of the converter flue gas. .
相较于现有的转炉烟气回收工艺，本发明不仅能够实现烟气余热的完全利用，还可实现转炉炼钢零排放、无污染；安全系数和热效率相对于现有方法均有大幅度提升，实用性强，可大面积推广。Compared with the existing converter flue gas recovery process, the invention can not only realize the complete utilization of flue gas waste heat, but also realize zero discharge and no pollution of converter steelmaking; the safety factor and thermal efficiency are greatly improved compared with the existing methods. It is practical and can be widely promoted.
附图说明DRAWINGS
图1是本发明具体实施例中的一种转炉烟气余热回收工艺流程图。1 is a flow chart of a process for recovering waste heat of a converter flue gas in a specific embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本发明的技术手段、创作特征、达到目的与功效易于明白了解，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
如图1所示，一种转炉烟气余热回收工艺，包括如下步骤：As shown in FIG. 1 , a converter flue gas waste heat recovery process includes the following steps:
S1、将从转炉中排出的温度为1300℃～1800℃，且主要成份为CO的烟气经烟道输送入壹号余热锅炉，烟气在壹号余热锅炉内与水进行换热后，壹号余热锅炉内的部分水转换成水蒸气，经过传热计算得到烟气温度下降到900℃～1000℃，壹号余热锅炉将烟气排出。壹号余热锅炉产生的水蒸气经蒸汽稳压罐稳压后用于发电设备进行发电，蒸汽稳压罐是为了确保水蒸汽能够持续稳定供应给发电设备；S1, the temperature discharged from the converter is 1300 ° C ~ 1800 ° C, and the main component is CO flue gas is transported into the nickname waste heat boiler through the flue, and the flue gas is exchanged with water in the nickname waste heat boiler, 壹Part of the water in the waste heat boiler is converted into water vapor, and the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 900 ° C ~ 1000 ° C after heat transfer calculation, and the waste heat of the No. 1 waste heat boiler is discharged. The water vapor generated by the nickname waste heat boiler is used for power generation by the steam regulator tank, and the steam regulator tank is used to ensure that the water vapor can be continuously and stably supplied to the power generation equipment;
S2、将壹号余热锅炉排出的烟气输送到二氧化碳发生装置中，所述二氧化碳发生装置中设置有铁矿石，壹号余热锅炉排出的烟气与铁矿石发生自发的氧化还原反应后烟气的主要成份为CO 2，二氧化碳发生装置将主要成份为CO 2的烟气排出。铁矿石分层布置，并在二氧化碳发生装置设置多级反应区，铁矿 石的主要成份为Fe 2O 3，在环境温度在800℃左右的情况下Fe 2O 3能够与壹号余热锅炉排出烟气中的CO自发的发生氧化还原反应，不需外界供热，铁矿石被还原成Fe 3O 4和FeO，CO被氧化成CO 2，所以二氧化碳发生装置排出的烟气的主要成份为CO 2。经过热力学分析，表明铁矿石与CO的反应是放热反应，所以导致二氧化碳发生装置内烟气的温度没有发生改变，二氧化碳发生装置排出的烟气的温度仍为900℃～1000℃。因此，在二氧化碳发生装置中，烟气热量未损失，并且将CO转换成CO 2，保证生产工艺的安全，还为炼铁生产提供原料。 S2, conveying the flue gas discharged from the nickname waste heat boiler to the carbon dioxide generating device, wherein the carbon dioxide generating device is provided with iron ore, and the flue gas discharged from the nickname waste heat boiler and the iron ore spontaneously undergo oxidation-reduction reaction The main component of the gas is CO 2 , and the carbon dioxide generating device discharges the flue gas whose main component is CO 2 . The iron ore is layered and arranged in a multi-stage reaction zone in the carbon dioxide generating device. The main component of the iron ore is Fe 2 O 3 , and the Fe 2 O 3 can be combined with the nickname waste heat boiler at an ambient temperature of about 800 °C. The spontaneous oxidation-reduction reaction of CO in the flue gas does not require external heating, the iron ore is reduced to Fe 3 O 4 and FeO, and the CO is oxidized to CO 2 , so the main component of the flue gas discharged from the carbon dioxide generating device For CO 2 . After thermodynamic analysis, it is shown that the reaction between iron ore and CO is an exothermic reaction, so the temperature of the flue gas in the carbon dioxide generating device is not changed, and the temperature of the flue gas discharged from the carbon dioxide generating device is still 900 ° C to 1000 ° C. Therefore, in the carbon dioxide generating device, the flue gas heat is not lost, and CO is converted into CO 2 to ensure the safety of the production process, and also to provide raw materials for iron making production.
S3、将二氧化碳发生装置排出的主要成份为CO 2的烟气输送到贰号余热锅炉，烟气在贰号余热锅炉内与水进行换热后，贰号余热锅炉内的部分水转换成水蒸气，烟气温度下降到250℃～350℃，贰号余热锅炉将烟气排出。贰号余热锅炉产生的水蒸气经蒸汽稳压罐稳压后用于发电设备进行发电，蒸汽稳压罐是为了确保水蒸汽能够持续稳定供应给发电设备。 S3. The flue gas whose main component is CO 2 discharged from the carbon dioxide generating device is sent to the nickname waste heat boiler, and after the flue gas exchanges heat with the water in the nickname waste heat boiler, part of the water in the nickname waste heat boiler is converted into water vapor. The temperature of the flue gas drops to 250 ° C ~ 350 ° C, the nickname waste heat boiler will discharge the flue gas. The water vapor generated by the nickname waste heat boiler is used for power generation by the steam regulator tank, and the steam regulator tank is used to ensure that the water vapor can be continuously supplied to the power generation equipment.
S4、将贰号余热锅炉排出的烟气输送到换热装置，烟气在换热装置内与水进行换热后，换热装置中水的温度升高且部分水转化成水蒸气，烟气的温度下降到50℃～70℃，换热装置将烟气排出。因为从贰号余热锅炉内排出的烟气余温仍然较高，温度为250℃～350℃，如果直接排入空气会造成大量排烟热损失，所以本发明将从贰号余热锅炉内排出的烟气输送入换热装置，通过换热装置将烟气余热降低到50℃～70℃。经过换热装置加热的热水和产生的水蒸气用于民用余热开发，例如用于工业生产和温泉旅游开发，确保在不浪费资源的情况下，充分利用烟气余热，使排烟热损失降至最低，同时充分挖掘烟气的经济效益。而且由于烟气中几乎没有水分，所以可忽略烟气对换热装置的低温腐蚀。S4. The flue gas discharged from the nickname waste heat boiler is sent to the heat exchange device, and after the flue gas exchanges heat with the water in the heat exchange device, the temperature of the water in the heat exchange device increases and part of the water is converted into water vapor, and the flue gas The temperature drops to 50 ° C ~ 70 ° C, the heat exchanger discharges the flue gas. Because the residual temperature of the flue gas discharged from the nickname waste heat boiler is still high, the temperature is 250 ° C ~ 350 ° C, if the direct discharge of air will cause a large amount of exhaust heat loss, the present invention will be discharged from the nickname waste heat boiler The flue gas is transported into the heat exchange device, and the residual heat of the flue gas is reduced to 50 ° C to 70 ° C by the heat exchange device. The hot water heated by the heat exchange device and the generated water vapor are used for the development of civil waste heat, for example, for industrial production and hot spring tourism development, ensuring that the waste heat of the flue gas is fully utilized without waste of resources. To the lowest, while fully exploiting the economic benefits of smoke. Moreover, since there is almost no moisture in the flue gas, the low temperature corrosion of the flue gas to the heat exchange device can be ignored.
S5、将换热装置排出的烟气经静电除尘装置进行除尘后输送入二氧化碳提纯冷却回收装置，收集CO 2气体。经过换热装置换热后的烟气的温度下降至50℃～70℃，且主要成份为CO 2气体，而CO 2为工业原料，具有商业价值，所以本发明中利用静电除尘装置对从换热装置中排出的烟气进行除尘，再通过提 纯和低温富集的方法得到较为纯净的CO 2，这种方法能够用于替代炼铁生产过程中高温煅烧石灰石生产二氧化碳的工艺，能够节省大量能源消耗并减少废弃物排放。 S5. The flue gas discharged from the heat exchange device is dedusted by an electrostatic precipitator, and then sent to a carbon dioxide purification and cooling recovery device to collect CO 2 gas. After the heat exchange device heat exchange, the temperature of the flue gas drops to 50 ° C ~ 70 ° C, and the main component is CO 2 gas, and CO 2 is an industrial raw material, which has commercial value, so the electrostatic dust removing device is used in the present invention. The flue gas discharged from the heat device is dedusted, and then the pure CO 2 is obtained by purification and low temperature enrichment. This method can be used to replace the high temperature calcined limestone to produce carbon dioxide in the iron production process, which can save a lot of energy. Consumption and reduce waste emissions.
综上所述，本发明具有以下有益效果：In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1)本发明通过CO与铁矿石的氧化还原反应，不仅将烟气中的有毒CO转换成无毒的CO 2，而且确保烟气热量未损失，保证生产工艺的安全，还为炼铁生产提供原料。 (1) The present invention not only converts toxic CO in the flue gas into non-toxic CO 2 through the redox reaction of CO and iron ore, but also ensures that the heat of the flue gas is not lost, ensures the safety of the production process, and is also used for iron making. Production provides raw materials.
(2)烟气与壹号余热锅炉内的水和贰号余热锅炉内的水进行换热产生的水蒸气用于发电，烟气与换热装置内的水进行换热产生的热水和水蒸气用于民用余热开发，最大化的降低烟气的余热损失，发掘烟气的经济利益，烟气热效率提高到85％。(2) The steam generated by the heat exchange between the flue gas and the water in the waste heat boiler of the nickname and the water in the waste heat boiler of the nickname is used for power generation, and the hot water and water generated by the heat exchange between the flue gas and the water in the heat exchange device Vapor is used for the development of civil waste heat, to minimize the loss of waste heat of flue gas, to explore the economic benefits of flue gas, and to increase the thermal efficiency of flue gas to 85%.
(3)本发明通过静电除尘设备对从换热装置内排出的烟气进行尾气收集，替代了炼铁生产中高温煅烧石灰石生产CO 2的工艺，节省大量能源，同时实现转炉烟气的零排放。 (3) The invention collects exhaust gas from the flue gas discharged from the heat exchange device through the electrostatic precipitator, and replaces the process of producing CO 2 by high-temperature calcined limestone in the iron production, saves a large amount of energy, and realizes zero emission of the converter flue gas. .
以上公开的仅为本发明的较佳实施例，但是，本发明实施例并非局限于此，任何本领域的技术人员能思之的变化都应落入本发明的保护范围。The above disclosure is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes that can be made by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

  1. 一种转炉烟气余热回收工艺，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：A converter flue gas waste heat recovery process, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
    S1、将从转炉中排出的温度为1300℃～1800℃，且主要成份为CO的烟气经烟道输送入壹号余热锅炉，烟气在壹号余热锅炉内与水进行换热后，壹号余热锅炉内的部分水转换成水蒸气，烟气温度下降到900℃～1000℃，壹号余热锅炉将热交换后的烟气排出；S1, the temperature discharged from the converter is 1300 ° C ~ 1800 ° C, and the main component is CO flue gas is transported into the nickname waste heat boiler through the flue, and the flue gas is exchanged with water in the nickname waste heat boiler, 壹Part of the water in the waste heat boiler is converted into water vapor, and the temperature of the flue gas drops to 900 ° C ~ 1000 ° C, and the waste heat of the heat exchange boiler of No. 1 is discharged;
    S2、将壹号余热锅炉排出的烟气输送到二氧化碳发生装置中，所述二氧化碳发生装置中设置有铁矿石，壹号余热锅炉排出的烟气与铁矿石发生自发的氧化还原反应后产生主要成份为CO 2的烟气，二氧化碳发生装置将主要成份为CO 2的烟气排出； S2, conveying the flue gas discharged from the nickname waste heat boiler to the carbon dioxide generating device, wherein the carbon dioxide generating device is provided with iron ore, and the flue gas discharged from the nickname waste heat boiler and the iron ore spontaneously undergo oxidation-reduction reaction The main component is the flue gas of CO 2 , and the carbon dioxide generating device discharges the flue gas whose main component is CO 2 ;
    S3、将二氧化碳发生装置排出的主要成份为CO 2的烟气输送到贰号余热锅炉，烟气在贰号余热锅炉内与水进行换热后，贰号余热锅炉内的部分水转换成水蒸气，烟气温度下降到250℃～350℃，贰号余热锅炉将热交换后的烟气排出； S3. The flue gas whose main component is CO 2 discharged from the carbon dioxide generating device is sent to the nickname waste heat boiler, and after the flue gas exchanges heat with the water in the nickname waste heat boiler, part of the water in the nickname waste heat boiler is converted into water vapor. , the temperature of the flue gas drops to 250 ° C ~ 350 ° C, the nickname waste heat boiler will discharge the flue gas after heat exchange;
    S4、将贰号余热锅炉排出的烟气输送到换热装置，烟气在换热装置内与水进行换热后，换热装置中水的温度升高且部分水转化成水蒸气，烟气的温度下降到50℃～70℃，换热装置将换热后的烟气排出；S4. The flue gas discharged from the nickname waste heat boiler is sent to the heat exchange device, and after the flue gas exchanges heat with the water in the heat exchange device, the temperature of the water in the heat exchange device increases and part of the water is converted into water vapor, and the flue gas The temperature drops to 50 ° C ~ 70 ° C, the heat exchange device will discharge the flue gas after heat exchange;
    S5、将换热装置排出的烟气经静电除尘装置进行除尘后输送入二氧化碳提纯冷却回收装置，收集CO 2气体。 S5. The flue gas discharged from the heat exchange device is dedusted by an electrostatic precipitator, and then sent to a carbon dioxide purification and cooling recovery device to collect CO 2 gas.
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种转炉烟气余热回收工艺，其特征在于，壹号余热锅炉产生的水蒸气与贰号余热锅炉产生的水蒸气经蒸汽稳压罐稳压后用于发电设备。A converter flue gas waste heat recovery process according to claim 1, wherein the water vapor generated by the No. 1 waste heat boiler and the water vapor generated by the No. 10 waste heat boiler are used for power generation equipment after being stabilized by a steam stabilized tank.
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种转炉烟气余热回收工艺，其特征在于，二氧化碳发生装置内分层布置铁矿石，并设置多级反应区，所述二氧化碳发生装置排出的主要成份为CO 2的烟气的温度为900℃～1000℃。 A converter flue gas waste heat recovery process according to claim 1, wherein the carbon dioxide generating device layers the iron ore and sets a multi-stage reaction zone, and the main component discharged from the carbon dioxide generating device is CO 2 . The temperature of the flue gas is from 900 ° C to 1000 ° C.
  4. 如权利要求1所述的一种转炉烟气余热回收工艺，其特征在于，换热装置产生的热水和水蒸气用于民用余热开发。A converter flue gas waste heat recovery process according to claim 1, wherein the hot water and water vapor generated by the heat exchange device are used for civil waste heat development.
  5. 如权利要求4所述的一种转炉烟气余热回收工艺，其特征在于，所述的民用余热开发包括工业生产和温泉旅游开发。A converter flue gas waste heat recovery process according to claim 4, wherein said civil waste heat development comprises industrial production and hot spring tourism development.
PCT/CN2018/083328 2017-11-23 2018-04-17 Converter flue gas residual heat recovery process WO2019100648A1 (en)

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CN107904353A (en) * 2017-11-23 2018-04-13 华北理工大学 A kind of converter gas waste heat reclaiming process
CN108728638B (en) * 2018-09-12 2024-07-23 江钨世泰科钨品有限公司 Method and system for utilizing waste heat in tungsten smelting and pressure boiling process
CN112371339A (en) * 2020-11-09 2021-02-19 山东岱荣节能环保科技有限公司 Treatment system for recycling flue gas waste heat

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