WO2019100300A1 - 充电电路与电子装置 - Google Patents

充电电路与电子装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019100300A1
WO2019100300A1 PCT/CN2017/112726 CN2017112726W WO2019100300A1 WO 2019100300 A1 WO2019100300 A1 WO 2019100300A1 CN 2017112726 W CN2017112726 W CN 2017112726W WO 2019100300 A1 WO2019100300 A1 WO 2019100300A1
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Prior art keywords
unit
charging
signal
control
switching
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PCT/CN2017/112726
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨必华
Original Assignee
深圳市柔宇科技有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳市柔宇科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市柔宇科技有限公司
Priority to CN201780093273.7A priority Critical patent/CN111033928A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2017/112726 priority patent/WO2019100300A1/zh
Publication of WO2019100300A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019100300A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a charging circuit applied to an electronic device, and more particularly to a charging circuit capable of preventing a battery from being overcharged during rapid charging.
  • the usual solution for performing fast charging is to increase the charging current.
  • the charging adapter, the charging cable, and the electronic device to be charged will also be subjected to a corresponding increase in voltage during charging.
  • the electronic device in order to facilitate the user to make a selection, can generally select to perform fast charging or normal charging according to the user's needs, that is, by setting a corresponding control circuit to select to perform fast charging or ordinary according to an instruction input by the user. Charging.
  • Embodiments of the present invention disclose a charging circuit that can be relatively safe.
  • an electronic device including the aforementioned charging circuit is provided.
  • the present invention discloses a charging circuit, the charging circuit comprising a first interface, a power supply unit, a charging management unit, a control unit, a first switching unit and a protection unit, the first interface for receiving the first charging current and the first a charging voltage, the charging management unit is electrically connected between the first interface and the power supply unit, the first switching unit is electrically connected between the first interface and the power supply unit, and the control unit is configured to control the first a charging current is converted to a second charging current via the charging management chip and Performing normal charging for charging the power supply unit, or controlling the first charging current to be directly supplied to the power supply unit via the first switching unit to perform fast charging.
  • the protection unit is electrically connected to the first switching unit, when the first charging current is directly supplied to the power supply unit via the first switching unit, when the first voltage is greater than a threshold and the control unit When the first charging voltage is greater than the threshold, the protection unit outputs a first protection signal to the first switching unit to control the first switching unit to stop the first protection signal corresponding to the first A charging current is supplied to the power supply unit.
  • the present invention also discloses an electronic device including the aforementioned charging circuit.
  • the protection unit When the charging circuit is in rapid charging and the control unit is in a dead state, if the first charging voltage exceeding the threshold is received from the first interface, the protection unit outputs a first protection signal instead of the corresponding first switching control signal to the first switch.
  • the unit stops from supplying the first charging current and the first charging voltage to the power supply unit, that is, stops charging the power supply unit.
  • 1 is a circuit block diagram of a charging circuit in an electronic device
  • FIG. 2 is a timing diagram of the first charging voltage, the comparison signal, and the protection signal in the fast charging process as shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a specific circuit structure of the charging circuit shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram of a charging circuit 10 in an electronic device 100 .
  • the electronic device 100 includes a charging circuit 10 .
  • the charging circuit 10 includes a first interface 11 , a charging management unit 12 , and a power supply unit 13 .
  • the first interface 11 is for receiving a power signal provided by an external charging device (not shown).
  • the power signal includes a first charging current I1 and a first charging voltage V1.
  • the charging management unit 12 is electrically connected to the first interface 11, the power supply unit 13, and the control unit 14 for converting the first charging current I1 to the second charging current I2 to the power supply unit 13 under the control of the control unit 14, thereby being a power supply.
  • Unit 13 is charging.
  • the second charging current I2 is smaller than the first charging current I1, whereby the first charging current I1 is converted into the second charging current I2 by the charging management unit 12 and supplied to the power supply unit 13 and charged for normal charging.
  • the first switch unit 15 is electrically connected to the first interface 11 , the power supply unit 13 and the control unit 14 for directly supplying the first charging current I1 to the power supply unit 13 under the control of the control unit 14 , thereby performing the power supply unit 13 .
  • Charging In the present embodiment, the first charging current I1 is defined to be directly supplied to the power supply unit 13 via the first switching unit 15 and charged for rapid charging.
  • the first open unit 15 includes a switch input end 151, a switch control end 152, and a switch output end 153.
  • the switch input end 151 is electrically connected to the first interface 11 for receiving the first charging current I1 and the first charging voltage.
  • the switch control terminal 152 is electrically connected to the control unit 14 for receiving the switching control signal output by the control unit 14; the switch output terminal 153 is electrically connected to the power supply unit 13.
  • the first switching unit 15 is in an on state or an off state under the control of the switching control signal.
  • the charging management unit 12 and the first switching unit 15 are connected in parallel with each other to provide a first charging current I1 and a second charging current I2, respectively, and the control unit 14 selects one of the first charging current I1 and the second charging current I2.
  • the power unit 13 is charged.
  • the control unit 14 outputs the first switching control signal to the charging management unit 12 and the first switching unit 15 such that the charging management unit 12 operates normally and provides the second charging current I2 to the power supply unit 13 for performing normal charging thereof, so that The first switching unit 15 is in an electrical off state; the control unit 14 outputs a second switching control signal to the charging management unit 12 and the first switching unit 15, so that the charging management unit 12 suspends operation and stops providing the second charging current I2 to the power supply unit. 13, the first switching unit 15 is in an electrically conductive state, and the first charging current I1 and the first charging voltage V1 are supplied to the power supply unit 13 for performing fast charging thereof. It can be understood that the switching control signal output by the control unit 14 includes the a first switching control signal and the second switching control signal.
  • the switch control terminal 152 when the switch control terminal 152 receives the second switching control signal, when the first switching unit 15 is in the on state, the switch input terminal 151 and the switch output terminal 153 are electrically turned on, the first charging current I1 and the first A charging voltage V1 is transmitted from the switch input terminal 151 to the power supply unit 13 via the switch output terminal 153; when the switch control terminal 152 receives the first switching control signal, and the first switching unit 15 is in an electrically-off state, the switch input terminal 151 is The switch output terminal 153 is electrically disconnected, and the first charging current I1 and the first charging voltage V1 are stopped from being transmitted to the power supply unit 13.
  • the first switching control signal is a low level voltage signal
  • the second switching signal is a high level voltage signal.
  • the first switching control signal is a high level voltage signal and the second switching signal is a low level voltage signal.
  • the comparison unit 16 is electrically connected to the protection unit 17 and the control unit 14 for detecting the first charging voltage V1 of the first interface 11 to determine whether the first charging voltage V1 exceeds a threshold value during fast charging, and outputting a corresponding value according to the determination result.
  • the signal is compared to the protection unit 17 and the control unit 14. Specifically, when the first charging voltage V1 exceeds the threshold value Vth, the comparing unit 16 outputs a first comparison signal; when the first charging voltage V jumps from less than the threshold value Vth to be greater than the threshold value Vth, the comparing unit 16 outputs a second comparison signal, when the first The comparison unit 16 outputs a third comparison signal when a charging voltage V is less than the threshold value Vth.
  • the first comparison signal is a low potential signal
  • the second comparison signal is a falling edge signal that changes from a high potential to a low potential
  • the third comparison signal is a high potential signal.
  • the protection unit 17 is electrically connected to the first switching unit 15 . Specifically, the protection unit 17 is electrically connected to the switch control end 153 of the first switch unit 15. The protection unit 17 is configured to output a first protection signal to the first switching unit 15 and control the first switching unit 15 to be electrically in response to the first protection signal when the power supply unit 13 performs fast charging according to the first comparison signal provided by the comparison unit 16. In the off state, the first switching unit 15 stops supplying the first charging current I1 to the power supply unit 13, thereby causing the power supply unit 13 to stop charging to prevent the power supply unit 13 from being damaged due to overvoltage or overcurrent. .
  • the protection unit 17 can replace the control.
  • the unit 14 sends a corresponding control signal to the first switching unit 15, so that the first switching unit 15 is in an electrically-off state to effectively prevent the first charging exceeding the threshold when the control unit 14 is not reset due to a crash during rapid charging.
  • the voltage V1 damages the power supply unit 13 and the charging circuit 10. It can be understood that, in this embodiment, the first protection signal is the same level as the first switching control signal.
  • FIG. 2 is a timing diagram of the first charging voltage V1 , the comparison signal and the protection signal in the fast charging process as shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the fast charging process includes two time periods T1, T3 and one time point t2, and the main processes of the functional modules are:
  • the first charging voltage V1 exceeds the threshold Vth
  • the first charging voltage V1 detected by the comparing unit 16 is greater than the threshold
  • the comparing unit 16 outputs the first comparison signal to the protection unit 17 and the control unit.
  • the protection unit 17 outputs the first protection signal to the first switching unit 15 according to the first comparison signal.
  • the control unit 14 is in a dead state
  • the first switching unit 15 is in an electrical off state in response to the first protection signal sent by the protection unit 17.
  • the first protection signal is a low level voltage signal.
  • the comparison unit 16 outputs a second comparison signal to the control unit 14 when the first charging voltage V1 jumps from less than the threshold Vth to greater than the threshold Vth. If the control unit 14 is not in a dead state at this time, that is, when the control unit 14 is working normally, the control voltage 14 and the protection unit 17 respectively output the switching signal and the protection signal.
  • the control unit 14 outputs the first switching control signal to the first switching unit 15 according to the first comparison signal or the second comparison signal, while the protection unit 17 still outputs the first protection signal to the first switching unit 15 .
  • the first switching control signal is the same level as the first protection signal, and is a low level voltage signal.
  • the first switching unit 15 stops operating in response to the first switching control signal or the first protection signal, and the first switching control signal controls the first charging current I1 to be converted to the second charging current I2 via the charging management unit 12 and to charge the power supply unit 13 . That is, the charging circuit 100 switches from fast charging to normal charging.
  • the comparing unit 16 In the period T1, when the first charging voltage V1 is smaller than the threshold Vth, the comparing unit 16 outputs a third comparison signal to the protection unit 17 and the control unit 14, and the protection unit 17 outputs the second according to the third comparison signal.
  • the signal is protected to the first switching unit 15.
  • the second protection signal is a high-resistance signal, that is, the level state of the second protection signal changes with the level of the switch control terminal 152, that is, according to the level change of the switch control terminal 152. . It will be appreciated that the second protection signal is not used to control the level of the switch control terminal 152.
  • the control unit 14 During the time period T1, if the control unit 14 can work normally, the control unit 14 outputs a second switching control signal according to the received third comparison signal, the first switching unit 15 corresponding to the second switching control signal, and in the second The first switching unit 15 is in an electrically conductive state under the control of the switching control signal, The first charging current I1 is directly supplied to the power supply unit 13 via the first switching unit 15 for fast charging, and at this time, the second protection signal changes with the second switching control signal. If the control unit 14 is not working normally, the output of the second switching control signal is stopped, and the first switching unit 15 stops supplying the first charging current I1 to the power supply unit 13, thereby causing the power supply unit 13 to stop charging.
  • the control unit 14 directly controls the first switch unit 15 to be in an electrically-off state, so that the first charging current I1 is converted by the charging management unit 12, and thus, at this time, The first charging voltage V1 received by the first interface 11 does not pose a risk of overcharging for the power supply unit 13.
  • the electronic device 100 can be a mobile electronic device such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, or a music player.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a specific circuit structure of the electronic device 10 shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the first interface 11 includes a first power terminal Vbus, a first ground terminal G1, a first data terminal Data1 and a second data Data2, wherein the first power terminal Vbus and the first ground terminal G1 cooperate with each other.
  • the first data end Data1 and the second data Data2 cooperate with each other to perform data signal transmission.
  • the charging management unit 12 is electrically connected to the first power terminal Vbus and the first ground terminal G1 for receiving the first charging voltage V1 and the first charging current I1, and converting the first charging current I1 into the second charging current I2, and The first charging voltage V1 and the second charging current I2 are transmitted to the power supply unit 13 for normal charging.
  • the charging management unit 12 is a chip of an integrated circuit.
  • the power supply unit 13 is a rechargeable battery that can receive the first charging current I1 and the second charging current I2.
  • the control unit 14 includes a control output terminal GPIO1 and a control input terminal GPIO2, wherein the control input terminal GPIO2 is electrically connected to the comparison output terminal O1 of the comparison unit 16 for receiving the second comparison signal and the third comparison signal; and the control output terminal GPIO1 is electrically
  • the switch control terminal 152 of the first switch unit 15 is connected to the first switch control signal or the second switch control signal to the first switch unit 15 .
  • the first switching signal is a low potential signal
  • the second switching signal is a high potential signal.
  • the first switching unit 15 includes a first switching element Q1, a second switching element Q2, a third switching element Q3, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, and a first capacitor C1.
  • the first switching element Q1 includes a first control terminal C1, a first conductive terminal E1, and a second conductive terminal E2.
  • the first control terminal C1 is electrically connected to one end of the first resistor R, and the second conductive terminal E2 is electrically connected to the other end of the first resistor R1.
  • the first conductive terminal C1 is electrically connected as the switch input terminal 151. Power terminal Vbus.
  • the second switching element Q2 includes a first control terminal C2, a third conductive terminal E3, and a fourth conductive terminal E4.
  • the second control terminal C2 is directly electrically connected to the first control terminal C1
  • the third conductive terminal E3 is directly electrically connected to the second conductive terminal E2
  • the fourth conductive terminal E4 is electrically connected to the power supply unit 13 as the switch output terminal 153. And as an output terminal for outputting the first charging current I1.
  • One end of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected to the first resistor R1.
  • the third switching element Q3 includes a third control terminal C3, a fifth conductive terminal E5, and a sixth conductive terminal E6.
  • the fifth conductive end E5 is electrically connected to the other end of the first resistor R2, that is, the second resistor is electrically connected between the first control terminal C1 and the fifth conductive terminal E5; the sixth conductive terminal E6 is grounded,
  • the third control terminal C3 is electrically connected to the switch control terminal 153 through the fourth resistor R4.
  • the switch control terminal 153 is electrically connected to the control output terminal GPIO1 for receiving the first and second switching control signals.
  • the third resistor R3 and the first capacitor C1 are connected in parallel with each other, and are electrically connected between the third control terminal C3 and the ground.
  • the first voltage dividing resistor R5 and the second voltage dividing resistor R6 are connected in series between the first power terminal Vbus and the ground GND, and any node between the first voltage dividing resistor R5 and the second voltage dividing resistor R6 is defined as sampling.
  • the first switching element Q1 and the second switching element Q2 are P-type metal-oxide semiconductor field tubes (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor, MOS tube), wherein the gate G of the MOS tube is used as the first The second control terminals C1 and C2; the source S and the drain D of the MOS transistor serve as the first and fourth conductive terminals E1 and E4, respectively.
  • the third switching element Q3 is a transistor of NPN, and the base b of the transistor serves as the third control terminal C3, the emitter e of the transistor serves as the fifth control terminal E5, and the collector c of the transistor serves as the sixth conductive terminal E6.
  • the comparison unit 16 is an operational amplifier including a non-inverting input terminal IN+, an inverting input terminal IN-, and a comparison output terminal O1.
  • the positive input terminal IN+ is electrically connected to a reference voltage source (not shown) and receives a reference voltage VREF from the reference voltage source.
  • the inverting input terminal IN- is electrically connected to the sampling voltage output terminal SO, Used to receive the sampling voltage VCE.
  • the comparison output terminal O1 is electrically connected to the protection unit 17 and the control input terminal GPIO2 of the control unit 14 to output a first comparison signal, a second comparison signal or a third comparison signal to the protection unit 17 and the control voltage 14.
  • the reference voltage VREF and the threshold Vth also have a first proportional relationship.
  • the first comparison signal is a low potential voltage signal
  • the second comparison signal is a falling edge signal that changes from a high potential to a low potential
  • the third comparison signal is a low potential voltage signal
  • the protection unit 17 is a three-state gate integrated circuit, and includes a first input terminal IN1, a second input terminal IN2, a second ground terminal G2, a power driving terminal VCC, and a first output terminal O2.
  • the first input terminal IN1 is electrically connected to the comparison output terminal O1 and is configured to receive the first comparison signal, the second comparison signal or the third comparison signal.
  • the second input terminal IN2 is grounded to the second ground terminal G2.
  • the power driver terminal VCC receives the driving voltage VCC to drive the tri-state gate integrated circuit to operate.
  • the first output terminal O2 is electrically connected to the switch control terminal 152 of the first switch unit 15.
  • the first output terminal O2 When the first input terminal IN1 receives the first comparison signal of a low potential, the first output terminal O2 outputs the first protection signal to the first switching unit 15; when the first input terminal IN1 receives a high The third comparison signal of the potential, the first output terminal O2 is in a high impedance state, and outputs a second configuration signal having a high configuration to the first switching unit 15.
  • the input of the tri-state gate integrated circuit (The figure serves as the first input terminal IN1 of the protection unit 17, the input terminal A serves as the second input terminal IN2, the ground terminal serves as the second ground terminal G2, and the output terminal Y serves as the first output terminal Q2.
  • the protection unit 17 is true
  • the value table is as follows:
  • L represents a low potential
  • H represents a high potential
  • X represents an arbitrary potential
  • Z represents a high resistance state.
  • the first interface 11 receives the first charging current I1 and the first charging voltage V1, and the charging circuit 10 starts charging.
  • the control unit 14 When the control unit 14 receives the user's instruction to perform fast charging, the control unit 14 outputs The second switching control signal is to the first switching unit 15 and the charging management unit 12.
  • the charging management unit 12 is caused to suspend operation, that is, to stop converting the first charging current I1 to the second charging current I2, and also to stop supplying the second charging current I2 to the power supply unit 13; in addition, the first switching unit 15 is receiving
  • the second switching control signal is reached, since the second switching control signal is at a high potential, the third switching element Q3 is electrically turned on, and the potential of the fifth conductive terminal E5 of the third switching element Q3 is pulled down to the ground potential, the first switch The component Q1 and the second switching component Q2 are in an electrically conductive state, whereby the first charging current I1 and the first charging voltage V1 are transmitted from the first conductive terminal E1 to the power supply unit electrically connected to the fourth conductive terminal E4. 13, and perform a quick charge for it.
  • the comparing unit 16 outputs the first comparison signal of the low potential to the protection unit 17 and the control.
  • the signal is in response to the first protection signal being in an electrically-off state.
  • the third switching element Q3 is electrically turned off, and the voltage stored by the first capacitor C1 causes the potential of the fifth conductive terminal E5 to be pulled high.
  • the first switching element Q1 and the second switching element Q2 are electrically turned off, whereby the first charging current I1 and the first charging voltage V1 stop supplying power to the power supply unit 13.
  • both the first switching unit 15 and the charging management unit 12 stop outputting the charging current to the power supply unit 13, thereby effectively preventing the first charging voltage V1 exceeding the threshold from damaging the power supply unit 13.
  • the comparison unit 16 outputs a second comparison signal that transitions from a high potential to a low potential. Since the second comparison signal is directly supplied to the control unit 14, the control unit 14 outputs according to the second comparison signal including the falling edge.
  • the first switching control signal is to the first switching unit 15 and the charging management unit 12.
  • the third switching element Q3 When the first switching unit 15 receives the first protection signal and the first switching control signal that are at the same low level, the third switching element Q3 is electrically turned off, and accordingly, the first switching element Q1 and the second switching element Q2 are electrically connected. The off state, whereby the first charging current I1 and the first charging voltage V1 are stopped
  • the power supply unit 13 supplies power, which in turn prevents the first charging voltage V1 exceeding the threshold from damaging the power supply unit 13.
  • the charging management unit 12 converts the first charging current I1 into the second charging current I2 to supply power to the power supply unit 13 and performs normal charging.
  • the comparing unit 16 outputs a high potential.
  • the third comparison signal is sent to the protection unit 17, and the protection unit 17 outputs the third comparison signal in the high resistance state to the first switching unit 15.
  • the control unit 14 outputs a low potential second switching control from the control output terminal GPIO1. The signal is supplied to the first switching unit 15 to maintain the electrical conduction state, thereby supplying the first charging current I1 to the power supply unit 13 to perform fast charging.
  • control unit 14 If the control unit 14 receives the user instruction execution so that the power supply unit 13 in the charging circuit 10 performs normal charging, the control unit 14 outputs the first switching signal to the charging management unit 12 and the first switching unit 15, so that the first switching unit 15 is suspended.
  • the charge management unit 12 converts the first charging current I1 with the first charging voltage V1 and supplies the converted first charging current I1 to the power supply unit 13 for performing normal charging.
  • the protection unit 17 will output the first protection signal. Instead of the corresponding first switching control signal to the first switching unit 15, it stops supplying the first charging current I1 and the first charging voltage V1 to the power supply unit 13, that is, stops charging the power supply unit 13.

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  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种充电电路（10）与电子装置（100），充电电路（10）包括第一接口（11）、电源单元（13）、充电管理单元（12）、控制单元（14）、第一开关单元（15）以及保护单元（17），控制单元（14）用于控制第一充电电流（I1）经由充电管理芯片转换为第二充电电流（I2）并为电源单元（13）充电执行普通充电，或者控制第一充电电流（I1）经由第一开关单元（15）直接提供至电源单元（13）执行快速充电。保护单元（17）电性连接第一开关单元（15）与控制单元（14），当第一充电电流（I1）经由所述第一开关单元（15）直接提供至电源单元（13）时，若第一充电电压（V1）大于阈值且控制单元（14）死机，保护单元（17）输出第一保护信号至第一开关单元（15）以控制第一开关单元（15）停止将所述第一充电电流（I1）提供至所述电源单元（13），并使得电源单元（13）停止充电从而防止过大的第一充电电压(V1)损坏电源单元（13）。

Description

充电电路与电子装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种应用于电子装置的充电电路，具体涉及一种快速充电时能够防止电池被过充的充电电路。
背景技术
随着智能电子产品的广泛应用，智能电子产品的耗电量随着使用时间或者运行的程序逐渐增大。除增加智能电子产品电池容量外，针对电池进行快速充电以减小充电时间成为目前较为广泛的电池耗电增加的解决方案。
执行快速充电时通常的解决方案为提高充电电流，当充电电流提高后，充电用的适配器、充电线缆以及待充电的电子设备在充电时所承受的电压也会相应增加。
现有技术中，为了方便使用者进行选择，电子设备通常可以依据用户需求来选择执行快充充电或者普通充电，也即是通过设置相应的控制电路依据用户输入的指令来选择执行快速充电或者普通充电。
那么，若执行快速充电过程中控制电路中运行过程中出现异常而未执行复位，而电子设备又接收到超过预设阈值的充电电压时，则很可能导致电子设备中作为电源单元的电池出现过充而被损坏，同时在过充时会产生较大的热量而损坏整个电子设备，甚至对使用者的人身安全造成威胁。
发明内容
本发明实施例公开了一种能够较为安全地的充电电路。
进一步，提供一种包括前述充电电路的电子装置。
本发明公开一种充电电路，所述充电电路包括第一接口、电源单元、充电管理单元、控制单元、第一开关单元以及保护单元，所述第一接口用于接收第一充电电流与第一充电电压，所述充电管理单元电性连接于第一接口与电源单元之间，所述第一开关单元电性连接于第一接口与电源单元之间，所述控制单元用于控制所述第一充电电流经由所述充电管理芯片转换为第二充电电流并 为所述电源单元充电执行普通充电，或者控制所述第一充电电流经由所述第一开关单元直接提供至所述电源单元执行快速充电。所述保护单元电性连接所述第一开关单元，当所述第一充电电流经由所述第一开关单元直接提供至所述电源单元时，当所述第一电压大于阈值且所述控制单元死机，并且所述第一充电电压大于阈值时，所述保护单元输出第一保护信号至所述第一开关单元以控制所述第一开关单元相应所述第一保护信号停止将所述第一充电电流提供至所述电源单元。
本发明还公开一种包括前述充电电路的电子装置。
当充电电路处于快速充电且控制单元处于死机状态，此时若自第一接口接收到超过阈值的第一充电电压，保护单元将输出第一保护信号代替对应的第一切换控制信号至第一开关单元，使其停止将第一充电电流与第一充电电压提供至电源单元，也即是停止为电源单元充电。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为电子装置中充电电路的电路框图；
图2为如图1所示第一充电电压、比较信号与保护信号在快速充电过程中的时序图；
图3为如图1所示充电电路的具体电路结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
下面结合附图具体说明电子设备及其充电电路的电路结构以及工作过程。
请参阅图1，图1电子装置100中充电电路10的电路框图，如图1所示，电子装置100包括充电电路10，充电电路10包括第一接口11、充电管理单元12、电源单元13、控制单元14、第一开关单元15、比较单元16以及保护单元17。
第一接口11用于接收外部充电设备(图未示)提供的电源信号。所述电源信号包括第一充电电流I1与第一充电电压V1。
充电管理单元12电性连接第一接口11、电源单元13以及控制单元14，用于在控制单元14控制下将第一充电电流I1转换为第二充电电流I2提供至电源单元13，从而为电源单元13进行充电。其中，第二充电电流I2小于第一充电电流I1，由此，定义第一充电电流I1经充电管理单元12转换为第二充电电流I2提供至电源单元13并为其充电为普通充电。
第一开关单元15电性连接第一接口11、电源单元13以及控制单元14，用于在控制单元14控制下直接将第一充电电流I1提供至所述电源单元13，从而为电源单元13进行充电。在本实施例中，定义第一充电电流I1经第一开关单元15直接提供至电源单元13并为其充电为快速充电。其中，第一开单元15包括开关输入端151、开关控制端152以及开关输出端153，其中，开关输入端151电性连接第一接口11，用于接收第一充电电流I1与第一充电电压V1；开关控制端152电性连接控制单元14，用于接收控制单元14输出的切换控制信号；开关输出端153电性连接电源单元13。第一开关单元15则在所述切换控制信号的控制下处于导通状态或者截止状态。
本实施例中，充电管理单元12与第一开关单元15相互并联并分别提供第一充电电流I1与第二充电电流I2，控制单元14选择第一充电电流I1与第二充电电流I2其中之一为电源单元13充电。
具体地，控制单元14输出第一切换控制信号至充电管理单元12与第一开关单元15，使得充电管理单元12正常工作并且提供第二充电电流I2至电源单元13为其执行普通充电，而使得第一开关单元15处于电性截止状态；控制单元14输出第二切换控制信号至充电管理单元12与第一开关单元15，使得充电管理单元12暂停工作并停止提供第二充电电流I2至电源单元13，而使得第一开关单元15处于电性导通状态，而将第一充电电流I1与第一充电电压V1提供至电源单元13为其执行快速充电。可以理解，控制单元14输出的切换控制信号包括所述的 第一切换控制信号与所述的第二切换控制信号。
更具体地，当开关控制端152接收到第二切换控制信号，第一开关单元15处于导通状态时，开关输入端151与开关输出端153电性导通时，第一充电电流I1与第一充电电压V1自开关输入端151经由开关输出端153传输至电源单元13；当开关控制端152接收到第一切换控制信号，第一开关单元15处于电性截止状态时，开关输入端151与开关输出端153电性断开，第一充电电流I1与第一充电电压V1停止传输至电源单元13。本实施例中，第一切换控制信号为低电平电压信号，第二切换信号为高电平电压信号。当然，在其他的变更实施例中，第一切换控制信号为高电平电压信号，第二切换信号为低电平电压信号。
比较单元16电性连接保护单元17以及控制单元14，用于检测第一接口11的第一充电电压V1，以判断第一充电电压V1在快速充电时是否超过阈值，并且根据判断结果输出对应的比较信号至保护单元17以及控制单元14。具体的，当第一充电电压V1超过阈值Vth，比较单元16输出第一比较信号；当第一充电电压V自小于阈值Vth跳变为大于阈值Vth，比较单元16输出第二比较信号，当第一充电电压V小于阈值Vth，比较单元16输出第三比较信号。本实施例中，第一比较信号为低电位信号，第二比较信号为从高电位跳变为低电位的下降沿信号，第三比较信号为高电位信号。
保护单元17电性连接第一开关单元15。具体的，保护单元17电连接所述第一开关单元15的开关控制端153。保护单元17用于依据比较单元16提供的第一比较信号在电源单元13执行快速充电时，输出第一保护信号至第一开关单元15并控制第一开关单元15响应第一保护信号处于电性截止状态，使第一开关单元15停止将所述第一充电电流I1提供至所述电源单元13，进而使得所述电源单元13停止充电，以防止电源单元13由于过压或者过流而被损坏。由此，即便控制单元14处于死机状态，也就是说当第一充电电压V1超过阈值且控制单元14无法发送相应的控制信号控制第一开关单元15处于截止状态时，保护单元17则能够代替控制单元14发送相应的控制信号给第一开关单元15，从而使第一开关单元15处于电性截止状态，以有效防止在快速充电时控制单元14由于死机未被复位时，超过阈值的第一充电电压V1损坏电源单元13以及充电电路10。可以理解，本实施例中，第一保护信号与第一切换控制信号的电平相同。
请参阅图2，其为如图1所示第一充电电压V1、比较信号与保护信号在快速充电过程中的时序图。如图2所示，快速充电过程中包括2个时间段T1、T3以及一个时间点t2，各功能模块相互配合的主要过程为：
在时间段T3，第一充电电压V1超过阈值Vth，比较单元16所检测到的第一充电电压V1大于所述阈值，所述比较单元16输出第一比较信号至保护单元17和所述控制单元14，保护单元17依据第一比较信号输出第一保护信号至第一开关单元15。此时，控制单元14处于死机状态，所述第一开关单元15响应保护单元17所发送的第一保护信号处于电性截止状态。本实施例中，第一保护信号为低电平电压信号。
在时间点t2，第一充电电压V1自小于阈值Vth跳变为大于阈值Vth时，所述比较单元16输出第二比较信号至控制单元14。若此时控制单元14未处于死机状态，也即是控制单元14正常工作时，控制电压14与保护单元17分别同时对应输出切换信号与保护信号。
具体地，控制单元14依据所述第一比较信号或者所述第二比较信号输出第一切换控制信号至第一开关单元15，同时，保护单元17仍然输出第一保护信号至第一开关单元15。本实施例中，第一切换控制信号与第一保护信号的电平相同，均为低电平电压信号。第一开关单元15响应第一切换控制信号或第一保护信号停止工作，并且第一切换控制信号控制第一充电电流I1经由充电管理单元12转换为第二充电电流I2并为电源单元13充电，也即是充电电路100自快速充电切换至普通充电。
在时间段T1，当所述第一充电电压V1小于所述阈值Vth时，比较单元16输出第三比较信号至保护单元17以及控制单元14，保护单元17依据所述第三比较信号输出第二保护信号至第一开关单元15。本实施例中，所述第二保护信号为高阻态信号，也即是第二保护信号的电平状态随着开关控制端152的电平变化，也就是依据开关控制端152的电平变化。可以理解，第二保护信号并不会用作控制开关控制端152的电平。
在该时间段T1内，若控制单元14能正常工作，控制单元14根据所接收到的第三比较信号输出第二切换控制信号，第一开关单元15相应第二切换控制信号，并在第二切换控制信号的控制下第一开关单元15处于电性导通的状态，从 而使得第一充电电流I1经由所述第一开关单元15直接提供至电源单元13以进行快速充电，此时，所述第二保护信号随所述第二切换控制信号变化。若控制单元14不能正常工作，则停止输出第二切换控制信号，第一开关单元15停止将所述第一充电电流I1提供至所述电源单元13，进而使得所述电源单元13停止充电。
需要说明的是，在电子设备10处于普通充电时，控制单元14直接控制第一开关单元15处于电性截止的状态，使得第一充电电流I1经过充电管理单元12进行转换，因此，此时自第一接口11接收的第一充电电压V1不会针对电源单元13产生过充的风险。
另外，本实施例仅展示了电子装置100中涉及充电部分的电路结构，而其他电路结构并未进行展示，其中，电子装置100可以为手机、平板电脑、音乐播放器等移动电子设备。
请参阅图2，其为如图1所示电子装置10的具体电路结构示意图。
如图2所示，第一接口11包括第一电源端Vbus、第一接地端G1，第一数据端Datal与第二数据Data2，其中，第一电源端Vbus与第一接地端G1配合输出第一充电电压V1与第一充电电流I1。第一数据端Datal与第二数据Data2相互配合进行数据信号传输。
充电管理单元12电性连接第一电源端Vbus与第一接地端G1，用于接收第一充电电压V1与第一充电电流I1，并且将第一充电电流I1转换为第二充电电流I2，并且将第一充电电压V1与第二充电电流I2传输至电源单元13对其进行普通充电。本实施例汇总，充电管理单元12为集成电路的芯片。
电源单元13为可以接收第一充电电流I1与第二充电电流I2的充电电池。
控制单元14包括控制输出端GPIO1与控制输入端GPIO2，其中，控制输入端GPIO2电性连接比较单元16的比较输出端O1，用于接收第二比较信号与第三比较信号；控制输出端GPIO1电性连接所述第一开关单元15的开关控制端152，用于输出第一切换控制信号或者第二切换控制信号至第一开关单元15。本实施例中，第一切换信号为低电位信号，第二切换信号为高电位信号。
第一开关单元15包括第一开关元件Q1、第二开关元件Q2、第三开关元件Q3、第一电阻R1、第二电阻R2、第三电阻R3、第四电阻R4以及第一电容C1。
第一开关元件Q1包括第一控制端C1、第一导电端E1以及第二导电端E2。其中，第一控制端C1电性连接第一电阻R一端，第二导电端E2电性连接所述第一电阻R1的另一端，第一导电端C1作为开关输入端端151电性连接第一电源端Vbus。
第二开关元件Q2包括第一控制端C2、第三导电端E3以及第四导电端E4。其中，第二控制端C2与第一控制端C1直接电性连接，第三导电端E3与第二导电端E2直接电性连接，第四导电端E4作为开关输出端153电性连接电源单元13并且作为输出第一充电电流I1的输出端。
第二电阻R2一端电性连接第一电阻R1。
第三开关元件Q3包括第三控制端C3、第五导电端E5以及第六导电端E6。其中，第五导电端E5电性连接第一电阻R2的另外一端，也即是第二电阻电性连接于第一控制端C1与第五导电端E5之间；第六导电端E6接地，第三控制端C3通过第四电阻R4电性连接开关控制端153，其中，开关控制端153电性连接控制输出端GPIO1，用于接收第一、第二切换控制信号。
第三电阻R3与第一电容C1相互并联，并且电性连接于第三控制端C3与接地之间。
第一分压电阻R5与第二分压电阻R6串联于第一电源端Vbus与接地端GND之间，第一分压电阻R5与第二分压电阻R6之间的任意一个结点定义为采样电压输出端SO，用于输出与第一电源端Vbus提供的第一充电电压V1呈第一比例的采样电压VCE。可以理解，所述第一比例为：VCE/V1＝R6/(R5+R6)。
本实施例中，第一开关元件Q1与第二开关元件Q2为P型金属-氧化物半导体场管(Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor，MOS管)，其中，MOS管的栅极G作为第一、第二控制端C1、C2；MOS管的源极S、漏极D分别作为第一、第四导电端E1、E4。第三开关元件Q3为NPN的三极管，且三极管的基极b作为第三控制端C3，三极管的发射极e作为第五控制端E5；三极管的集电极c作为第六导电端E6。
比较单元16为运算放大器，包括正相输入端IN+、反相输入端IN-与比较输出端O1。其中，正相输入端IN+电性连接参考电压源(图未示)并且自所述参考电压源接收参考电压VREF。反相输入端IN-电性连接采样电压输出端SO， 用于接收采样电压VCE。比较输出端O1电性连接保护单元17与控制单元14的控制输入端GPIO2，以输出第一比较信号、第二比较信号或第三比较信号给保护单元17与控制电压14。其中，参考电压VREF与阈值Vth也呈第一比例关系。
本实施例中，第一比较信号为低电位的电压信号，第二比较信号为自高电位跳变为低电位的下降沿信号，第三比较信号为低电位电压信号。
保护单元17为三态门集成电路，包括第一输入端IN1、第二输入端IN2、第二接地端G2，电源驱动端VCC以及第一输出端O2。
第一输入端IN1电性连接比较输出端O1并用于接收所述第一比较信号、第二比较信号或者第三比较信号。第二输入端IN2与所述第二接地端G2接地。电源驱动端VCC接收驱动电压VCC以驱动所述三态门集成电路工作。第一输出端O2电性连接第一开关单元15的开关控制端152。
当第一输入端IN1接收到低电位的所述第一比较信号，第一输出端O2输出所述第一保护信号至所述第一开关单元15；当所述第一输入端IN1接收到高电位的所述第三比较信号，所述第一输出端O2呈高阻态，并且输出呈高组态的第二保护信号至所述第一开关单元15。
本实施例中，三态门集成电路的输入
Figure PCTCN2017112726-appb-000001
(图中作为保护单元17的第一输入端IN1，输入端A作为第二输入端IN2，接地端作为第二接地端G2；输出端Y作为第一输出端Q2。其中，保护单元17的真值表如下：
Figure PCTCN2017112726-appb-000002
其中，L表示低电位，H表示高电位，X表示任意电位；Z表示高阻态。
下面结合图1-2具体说明充电电路10的充电过程。
第一接口11接收到第一充电电流I1与第一充电电压V1，充电电路10开始充电。
当控制单元14接收到用户的指令要求执行快速充电时，控制单元14输出 第二切换控制信号至第一开关单元15与充电管理单元12。使得充电管理单元12暂停工作，也即是停止将第一充电电流I1转换为第二充电电流I2，同时也停止将第二充电电流I2提供至电源单元13；另外，第一开关单元15在接收到第二切换控制信号时，由于第二切换控制信号处于高电位，第三开关元件Q3电性导通，第三开关元件Q3的第五导电端E5的电位拉低至接地电位，第一开关元件Q1与第二开关元件Q2处于电性导通状态，由此，第一充电电流I1与第一充电电压V1则自第一导电端E1传输至与第四导电端E4电性连接的电源单元13，并为其执行快速充电。
在充电电路10中电源单元13执行快速充电的过程中，若第一充电电压V1超过阈值从而导致采样电压VCE大于参考电压VREF，比较单元16输出低电位的第一比较信号给保护单元17和控制单元14，保护单元17则依据低电位的第一比较信号输出低电位的第一保护信号至第一开关单元15，当控制单元14出现异常而死机时，第一开关单元15接收该第一保护信号并响应该第一保护信号处于电性截止状态。
第一开关单元15在接收到第一保护信号时，由于第一保护信号处于低电位，第三开关元件Q3电性截止，第一电容C1所存储的电压使得第五导电端E5的电位拉高，第一开关元件Q1与第二开关元件Q2处于电性截止的状态，由此，第一充电电流I1与第一充电电压V1则停止给电源单元13供电。此时，第一开关单元15与充电管理单元12均停止输出充电电流至电源单元13，从而有效防止超过阈值的第一充电电压V1损坏电源单元13。
在充电电路10中电源单元13执行快速充电的过程中，若控制单元14未出现异常并且正常工作，且第一充电电压V1在某一个时刻超过阈值从而导致采样电压VCE从小于参考电压VREF跳变为大于参考电压VREF，比较单元16输出从高电位跳变为低电位的第二比较信号，由于第二比较信号直接提供至控制单元14，则控制单元14依据包括下降沿的第二比较信号输出第一切换控制信号至第一开关单元15与充电管理单元12。
第一开关单元15在接收到同处于低电位的第一保护信号与第一切换控制信号时，第三开关元件Q3电性截止，相应地第一开关元件Q1与第二开关元件Q2处于电性截止的状态，由此，第一充电电流I1与第一充电电压V1则停止为 电源单元13供电，继而防止超过阈值的第一充电电压V1损坏电源单元13。同时，充电管理单元12则将第一充电电流I1转换为第二充电电流I2为电源单元13供电并执行普通充电。
在充电电路10中电源单元13执行快速充电的过程中，若控制单元14未出现异常并且正常工作，且第一充电电压V1小于阈值从而导致采样电压VCE小于参考电压VREF，比较单元16输出高电位的第三比较信号至保护单元17，保护单元17则输出处于高阻状态的第三比较信号至第一开关单元15，相应地，控制单元14自控制输出端GPIO1输出低电位的第二切换控制信号至第一开关单元15，使其维持电性导通状态，从而将第一充电电流I1提供至电源单元13，使其执行快速充电。
若控制单元14接收到用户指令执行使得充电电路10中电源单元13执行普通充电时，控制单元14输出第一切换信号至充电管理单元12与第一开关单元15，使得第一开关单元15暂停工作，充电管理单元12针对第一充电电流I1与第一充电电压V1进行转换并且将转换后的第一充电电流I1提供至电源单元13，为其执行普通充电。
相较于现有技术，当充电电路10处于快速充电且控制单元14处于死机状态，此时若自第一接口11接收到超过阈值的第一充电电压V1，保护单元17将输出第一保护信号代替对应的第一切换控制信号至第一开关单元15，使其停止将第一充电电流I1与第一充电电压V1提供至电源单元13，也即是停止为电源单元13充电。
本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种充电电路，其特征在于，所述充电电路包括第一接口、电源单元、充电管理单元、控制单元、第一开关单元以及保护单元，所述第一接口用于接收第一充电电流与第一充电电压，所述充电管理单元电性连接于第一接口与电源单元之间，所述第一开关单元电性连接于第一接口与电源单元之间，所述控制单元用于控制所述第一充电电流经由所述充电管理芯片转换为第二充电电流并为所述电源单元充电执行普通充电，或者控制所述第一充电电流经由所述第一开关单元直接提供至所述电源单元执行快速充电，所述保护单元电性连接所述第一开关单元，当所述第一充电电流经由所述第一开关单元直接提供至所述电源单元，并且所述第一充电电压大于阈值时，所述保护单元输出第一保护信号至所述第一开关单元以控制所述第一开关单元响应所述第一保护信号停止将所述第一充电电流提供至所述电源单元。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的充电电路，其特征在于，当所述第一充电电压大于阈值时，所述控制单元输出第一切换控制信号给所述充电管理单元，所述充电管理单元响应所述第一切换控制信号为所述电源单元执行普通充电。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的充电电路，其特征在于，所述第一接口包括第一电源端与第一接地端，所述第一电源端与所述第一接地端配合输出所述第一充电电压与所述第一充电电流，所述充电电路还包括比较单元，所述比较单元电性连接所述第一电源端、所述保护单元以及所述控制单元，所述比较单元用于判定第一充电电压是否大于阈值；当第一充电电压大于所述阈值时，所述比较单元输出第一比较信号至所述保护单元与所述控制单元，所述保护单元响应所述第一比较信号输出第一保护信号至所述第一开关单元。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的充电电路，其特征在于，所述控制单元响应所述第一比较信号输出第一切换控制信号至所述第一开关单元及充电管理单元，所述第一开关单元响应所述第一切换控制信号处于电性截止状态；所述充电管理单元响应所述第一切换控制信号为所述电源单元执行普通充电。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的充电电路，其特征在于，当所述第一充电电压自小于所述阈值跳变为大于所述阈值时，所述比较单元输出第二比较信号给所述控制单元，所述控制单元响应所述第二比较信号输出第一切换控制信号至所述第 一开关单元及充电管理单元，所述第一开关单元响应所述第一切换控制信号处于电性截止状态；所述充电管理单元响应所述第一切换控制信号为所述电源单元执行普通充电。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的充电电路，其特征在于，当所述第一充电电压小于所述阈值时，所述比较单元输出第三比较信号至所述保护单元与所述控制单元，所述保护单元依据所述第三比较信号输出第二保护信号至所述第一开关单元，所述控制单元根据所述第三比较信号输出第二切换控制信号至所述第一开关单元，所述第二保护信号随所述第二切换控制信号变化，所述第一开关单元响应所述第二切换控制信号并在所述第二切换控制信号控制下使得所述第一充电电流继续经由所述第一开关单元直接提供至所述电源单元执行快速充电。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的充电电路，其特征在于，所述比较单元获取与所述第一充电电压呈第一比例关系的采样电压，并将所述采样电压与所述参考电压进行比较，所述参考电压与所述阈值呈所述第一比例关系，当所述采样电压大于所述参考电压时，所述比较单元输出第一比较信号；当所述采样电压自小于所述参考电压跳变为大于所述参考电压时，所述比较单元输出第二比较信号；当所述采样小于所述参考电压，所述比较单元输出第三比较信号。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的充电电路，其特征在于，所述比较单元为运算放大器，所述运算放大器包括正相输入端、反相输入端与比较输出端，所述正相输入端接收所述参考电压，所述反相输入端电性连接所述第一接口并且接收所述第一充电电压，所述比较输出端电性连接所述保护单元与所述控制电压并且用于输出所述第一比较信号、第二比较信号或者第三比较信号，所述第一比较信号为低电位的电压信号，所述第二比较信号为自高电位跳变为低电位的下降沿信号，所述第三比较信号为低电位电压信号。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的充电电路，其特征在于，所述第一保护信号与所述第一保护信号为低电位电压信号，所述低电位电压信号控制所述第一开关单元处于电性截止状态；所述第二保护信号为高阻态信号。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的充电电路，其特征在于，所述保护单元为三态门集成电路，所述保护单元为三态门集成电路包括第一输入端、第二输入端、第二接地端，电源驱动端以及第一输出端，所述第一输入端电性连接所述比较 输出端并用于接收所述第一比较信号、第二比较信号或者第三比较信号，所述第二输入端与所述第二接地端接地，所述电源驱动端接收驱动电压以驱动所述三态门集成电路工作，所述第一输出端电性连接所述控制单元与所述第一开关单元，当所述第一输入端接收到低电位电压信号时，所述第一输出端输出所述第一保护信号至所述第一开关单元；当所述第一输入端接收到高电位的电压信号时，所述第一输出端呈高阻态并且输出呈高阻态的第三保护信号。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的充电电路，其特征在于，所述控制单元包括控制输入端与控制输出端，所述控制输入端电性连接所述比较输出端，所述控制输出端电性连接所述第一输出端以及所述第一开关单元，所述控制单元在正常工作时，依据第二保护信号输出第一切换控制信号控制所述第一充电电流经由所述充电管理芯片转换为第二充电电流并为所述电源单元充电执行普通充电，或者依据第三保护信号输出第二切换控制信号控制所述第一充电电流经由所述第一开关单元直接提供至所述电源单元执行快速充电。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的充电电路，其特征在于，所述第一开关单元包括开关输入端、开关控制端以及开关输出端，所述开关输入端电性连接所述第一电源端以接收所述第一充电电流与第一充电电压，所述开关输出端电性连接所述电源单元，所述开关控制端电性连接所述控制单元以及保护单元，用于接收第一保护信号、第一切换控制信号或者第二切换控制信号，当所述开关控制端接收到所述第一保护信号或者所述第一切换控制信号时，所述开关输入端与所述开关控制端电性断开，当所述开关控制端接收到所述第二切换控制信号时，所述开关输入端与所述开关控制端电性导通，并将所述第一充电电流与所述第一充电电压提供至所述电源单元。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的充电电路，其特征在于，所述第一开关单元包括第一开关元件、第二开关元件、第三开关元件、第一电阻、第二电阻、第三电阻、第四电阻与第一电容，第一开关元件包括第一控制端、第一导电端以及第二导电端，所述第一控制端与所述第二导电端分别电性连接所述第一电阻的两端，所述第一导电端作为开关输入端，所述第二开关元件包括第一控制端、第三导电端以及第四导电端，所述第二控制端与所述第一控制端直接电性连接，所述第三导电端与所述第二导电端直接电性连接，所述第四导电端作为开关输 出端，所述第三开关元件包括第三控制端、第五导电端以及第六导电端，所述第二电阻一端电性连接所述第一电阻且另外一端电性连接所述第五导电端，所述第六导电端接地，所述第三控制端通过所述第四电阻电性连接所述开关控制端，所述第三电阻与第一电容相互并联并且电性连接于第三控制端与接地之间。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的充电电路，其特征在于，当所述第一充电电流经由所述充电管理芯片转换为第二充电电流并为所述电源单元充电时，所述控制单元自所述控制输出端输出低电位的第一切换控制信号至所述第一开关单元，控制所述第一开关单元电性截止。
  15. 根据权利要求8所述的充电电路，其特征在于，第一分压电阻与第二分压电阻串联于所述第一电源端与接地端之间，所述反相输入端电性连接于所述第一分压电阻与所述第二分压电阻之间的任意一个结点以接收所述采样电压，第一分压电阻与第一、第二分压电阻之和的比值构成所述第一比例。
  16. 一种电子装置，包括如权利要求1-15项任意一项所述的充电电路。
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