WO2019094761A1 - Inspection de mortiers dans des pieux de tige de chemise sur des éoliennes en mer - Google Patents

Inspection de mortiers dans des pieux de tige de chemise sur des éoliennes en mer Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019094761A1
WO2019094761A1 PCT/US2018/060087 US2018060087W WO2019094761A1 WO 2019094761 A1 WO2019094761 A1 WO 2019094761A1 US 2018060087 W US2018060087 W US 2018060087W WO 2019094761 A1 WO2019094761 A1 WO 2019094761A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
subsea
inspection
grout
detector array
jacket
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2018/060087
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Rajashekar Venkatachalam
Nate DIERINGER
Todd Newell
Original Assignee
Oceaneering International, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Oceaneering International, Inc. filed Critical Oceaneering International, Inc.
Publication of WO2019094761A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019094761A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/0008—Methods for grouting offshore structures; apparatus therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
    • E02B17/0034—Maintenance, repair or inspection of offshore constructions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D13/00—Accessories for placing or removing piles or bulkheads, e.g. noise attenuating chambers
    • E02D13/06—Accessories for placing or removing piles or bulkheads, e.g. noise attenuating chambers for observation while placing
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
    • E02D27/425—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys specially adapted for wind motors masts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B59/00—Hull protection specially adapted for vessels; Cleaning devices specially adapted for vessels
    • B63B59/06—Cleaning devices for hulls
    • B63B59/08—Cleaning devices for hulls of underwater surfaces while afloat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
    • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B63G8/001—Underwater vessels adapted for special purposes, e.g. unmanned underwater vessels; Equipment specially adapted therefor, e.g. docking stations
    • B63G2008/002—Underwater vessels adapted for special purposes, e.g. unmanned underwater vessels; Equipment specially adapted therefor, e.g. docking stations unmanned
    • B63G2008/005—Underwater vessels adapted for special purposes, e.g. unmanned underwater vessels; Equipment specially adapted therefor, e.g. docking stations unmanned remotely controlled
    • B63G2008/007—Underwater vessels adapted for special purposes, e.g. unmanned underwater vessels; Equipment specially adapted therefor, e.g. docking stations unmanned remotely controlled by means of a physical link to a base, e.g. wire, cable or umbilical

Definitions

  • the grout joint for a monopile foundation sits between the transition piece and the foundation on offshore wind turbines. It is typically formed of high-density concrete between two steel walls. Grout joints have caused significant problems for wind farm operators and are of concern for most of the early offshore wind monopile fleets. There are currently no means of accessing grout for visual inspection. Current methods for inspecting grout are slow, expensive and have significant health and safety-related issues. They can also be damaging to the structure.
  • FIG. 1 is a view in partial perspective of an exemplary system for subsea inspection of a monopole grout
  • FIG. 2 is a cutaway view illustrating placement of various components of an exemplary system for subsea inspection of a monopole grout
  • FIG. 3 is a view in partial perspective of an exemplary system for inspection of grouting in jacket pin piles on offshore wind turbines;
  • FIG. 4 is a cutaway view in partial perspective illustrating a backsplatter technique
  • FIG. 5 is a view in partial perspective of a further embodiment of an exemplary system.
  • FIG. 6 is a view in partial perspective of a further embodiment of an exemplary system using a crawler.
  • the inventions described herein which may be deployed as part of a routine crew transfer diving ("CTV") or service operation vessel (SOV) deployment, can eliminate additional cost in part because analysis can be conducted as technicians are on a device or structure such as a turbine, carrying out other inspection tasks. Also, the inventions described herein allow for possible performance of a range of subsea inspection operations with a subsea vehicle such as a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) while another device such as a crawler is performing an inspection task and/or remedial tasks as described herein. Expense may also be reduced if the detectors described herein are placed inside a structure such as a monopile and, e.g., permanently installed.
  • CTV routine crew transfer diving
  • SOV service operation vessel
  • routine inspection tasks may be accomplished by having a subsea vehicle fly to the structure, as described herein.
  • the inventions described herein also comprise using a subsea vehicle deployed high energy X-ray source and digital detector arrays, typically permanently placed at predetermined locations inside a structure such as a monopole.
  • the subsea vehicle can be flown or otherwise fly to each of these digital detector arrays and apply x-rays to generate an image at that location.
  • the radiographic image can be used to provide information on discontinuities inside the grout that could also be quantified.
  • Jacket grout can be inspected using subsea vehicle deployed, high energy radiography (eg. Betatron) tool, such as by using a backscatter technique.
  • a marinized high energy radiation source eg. Betatron
  • the x-ray source and digital detector arrays may be moved along an arc to help acquire images which can be reconstructed to determine defects within the grout.
  • marinized digital detector array and betatron source 200 which is a high energy radiographic tool, comprises one or more X-Ray sources 230 (Fig. 3), one or more digital detector arrays 240 (Fig. 2) adapted to be placed at predetermined location 321 (Fig. 2) inside monopole 320 (Fig. 2) at junction 324 (Fig. 2) between monopile 320 and transition piece 330 (Fig. 2), and detector plate 220.
  • system 1 for subsea inspection of a monopole grout comprises one or more subsea vehicles 100 and marinized digital detector array and betatron source 200.
  • Subsea vehicle 100 may be a remotely operated vehicle (ROV), an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) (not shown in the figures), or a hybrid vehicle (not shown in the figures), or the like.
  • ROV remotely operated vehicle
  • AUV autonomous underwater vehicle
  • X-ray source 230 typically is a Betatron accelerator having an output energy of around 7.5 MeV.
  • digital detector array 240 need to be installed only once, such as by a diver, inside monopole 320.
  • digital detector array 240 may be placed permanently at predetermined location 321 inside the monopole 320 such as by welding or by being attached magnetically to an inner surface of transition piece 330.
  • each such digital detector array 240 may be placed at a set of predetermined locations 321 inside monopole 320.
  • the set of predetermined locations 321 are typically selected as locations to be inspected based on prior knowledge of locations where there is a high probability that grout damage may occur.
  • marinized digital detector array and betatron source 200 may further comprise one or more selectively engageable electromagnets 210 of sufficient strength that, when energized, can attach marinized digital detector array and betatron source 200 to subsea metallic structure 400.
  • Subsea metallic structure 400 may comprise a pin pile.
  • system 1 further comprises cage style tether management system (TMS) 300.
  • Cage style TMS 300 typically comprises at least one radiographic assembly 310.
  • subsea grout inspector 3 comprises maneuverable marinized digital detector array and betatron source 201, cage style tether management system ("TMS") 300, and one or more remotely operated vehicles 100.
  • Marinized digital detector array and betatron source (201) is manipulatable by ROV 100.
  • marinized digital detector array and betatron source 201 comprises X-Ray source 230 (Fig. 4) and X-Ray detector plate 220 (Fig. 4), similar to those described above, and may include one or more digital detector arrays 240 (Fig. 2) as well, and TMS 300 which comprises one or more radiographic assemblies 310 operatively in communication with maneuverable marinized digital detector array and betatron source 201.
  • marinized digital detector array and betatron source 201 may further comprise one or more electromagnets 210 (Fig. 1) of sufficient strength when energized to attach the marinized digital detector array and betatron source 201 to metallic structure 400 subsea (Fig. 1).
  • Metallic structure 400 may be a jacket pin pile or the like.
  • system 1 for subsea inspection of a monopole grout furthers comprises one or more subsea vehicles 100 which, as above, may be an ROV, an AUV, a hybrid vehicle, or the like.
  • cage style TMS 300 may be configured to allow garaging of subsea vehicle 100.
  • grouting between a monopole and a transition piece may be inspected using system 1, as described above, by placing one or more digital detector arrays 240 (Fig. 2) at a predetermined set of inspection locations 321 (Fig. 2) inside monopole 320 (Fig. 2) proximate junction 321 (Fig. 2) between monopile 320 and transition piece 330 (Fig. 2) where junction 321 comprises grout 322 (Fig. 2).
  • Subsea vehicle 100 (Fig. 1) is flown to a location proximate digital detector array 240 or, if there are a plurality of digital detector arrays 240, a location proximate to a first digital detector array 240.
  • Piloting of subsea vehicle 100 to fly it to a desired location may be autonomous, local, remotely over satellite link, or the like, or a combination thereof.
  • Marinized digital detector array and betatron source 200 (Fig. 1) is then used to bombard monopile 320 (Fig. 2) with x-rays at predetermined inspection location 321 (Fig. 2) where bombarding monopile 320 with x-rays at the predetermined inspection location 321 may use a backscatter technique, such as is illustrated in Fig. 4.
  • a portion of the x-rays are reflected and detector plate 220 (Fig. 4) used to detect the reflected x-rays.
  • An image is generated of the predetermined inspection location using the detected, refracted x-rays where this generated image is a radiographic image sufficient to provide information on a discontinuity inside grout 330 (Fig. 2) that can be quantified.
  • digital detector array 240 (Fig. 2) needs to be installed only once, such as by a diver, inside monopole 320 (Fig. 2). From then on, marinized digital detector array and betatron source 200 or 201 can be deployed by subsea vehicle 100 to collect images, depending on the frequency of inspection that is needed.
  • the generated images may be stored in writeable memory such as internal RAM or other memory (not shown in the drawings) and may be transmitted by any suitable data connection pathway such as Ethernet, RS485, fiber-optic tether, or the like. This can either be back to cage style TMS 300 via the tether shown in Fig. 1 or back to subsea vehicle 100 via a tether (not shown in the figures).
  • writeable memory such as internal RAM or other memory (not shown in the drawings) and may be transmitted by any suitable data connection pathway such as Ethernet, RS485, fiber-optic tether, or the like. This can either be back to cage style TMS 300 via the tether shown in Fig. 1 or back to subsea vehicle 100 via a tether (not shown in the figures).
  • 200,201 is used to bombard monopile 320 (Fig. 2) with x-rays at predetermined inspection location 321 (Fig. 2), a portion of the x-rays reflected and detector plate 220 (Fig. 2) used to detect the reflected x-rays, and an image generated of the predetermined inspection location using the detected, refracted x-rays may be repeated until a predetermined number of images are generated.
  • a plurality of detector plates 220 (Fig. 2) placed at a plurality of predetermined inspection locations 321 (Fig. 2) inside monopole 320 Fig.
  • marinized digital detector array and betatron source 200,201 is typically maneuvered proximate first detector plate 220 of the plurality of detector plates 220, a first exposure generated at first detector plate 220, and marinized digital detector array and betatron source 200,201 moved to a next detector plate 220 of the plurality of detector plates 220, e.g. along an arc (Fig.l), after the exposure at first detector plate 220 to next detector plate 220. At each subsequent next detector plate 220 a next exposure is generated and a plurality of such images comprising each such exposure collected. The collected images are reconstructed to identify defects in grout 330 (Fig. 2).
  • system 1 further comprises cage style TMS
  • marinized digital detector array and betatron source 200 further comprises selectively engageable electromagnet 210, subsea vehicle 100 is deployed in cage style TMS 300 and allowed to exit cage style TMS 300, typically then autonomously docking with system 1.
  • Subsea vehicle 100 may be deployed in cage style TMS 300 from a manned surface vessel or an autonomous surface vessel or the like. Subsea vehicle 100 is then flown to a location proximate to monopole 320 (Fig. 2) and/or subsea metallic structure 400, e.g.
  • a jacket pin pile and marinized digital detector array and betatron source 200 positioned or otherwise placed on or proximate to a location to be inspected, such as by using subsea vehicle 100 to fly marinized digital detector array and betatron source 200 to monopile 320 (Fig. 2) and positioning itself opposite detector plate 220 where electromagnet 210 may be energized to hold marinized digital detector array and betatron source 200 to monopile 320 or subsea metallic structure 400.
  • a reference on an outer surface of monopile 320 may be marked at a region of monopole 320 (Fig. 2) for subsea vehicle 100 to use as an aid in positioning marinized digital detector array and betatron source 200 proximate that region while performing inspection once digital detector array 240 is installed.
  • grouting in jacket pin piles on offshore wind turbines may be inspected using system 1 or system 3, as described above, by deploying subsea vehicle 100 in cage style TMS 200, which is as described above, allowing subsea vehicle 100 to exit cage style TMS 200 and autonomously dock to marinized digital detector array and betatron source 201; and flying subsea vehicle 100 to subsea structure 400 which is to be inspected.
  • the piloting of subsea vehicle 100 may be accomplished locally or remotely over satellite link.
  • subsea vehicle 100 may be deployed subsea using a manned surface vessel or an autonomous surface vessel.
  • subsea vehicle 100 may be used to place marinized digital detector array and betatron source 201 in a location proximate subsea structure 320,400 to be inspected and marinized digital detector array and betatron source 201 used to bombard subsea structure 320,400 with x-rays.
  • a portion of the x-rays are allowed to be reflected and detected by detector plate 220 such as by using a backscatter methodology.
  • An image of subsea structure 400 is generated using the detected, reflected x-rays.
  • marinized digital detector array and betatron source 201 and detector plate 220 may be moved about subsea structure 400 from a first inspection location to a second inspection location, such as along an arc, to collect a plurality of images and the plurality of images used to create a reconstructed model which can be used to identify defects in grout 330 (Fig. 2).
  • the reconstructed model typically comprises a map of grout and steel thickness, grout density, voids and cracking or fracturing generated using the identified defects.
  • This process of moving of subsea vehicle 100 from a first inspection location to a second inspection location may be repeated until inspection of a predetermined set of inspection locations has been completed.
  • marinized digital detector array and betatron source 200,210 may be used to bombard subsea structure 400 with x-rays, creating reflected x- rays, the reflected x-rays detected by detector plate 220, and the image generated using the detected, reflected x-rays while a second subsea device, e.g. another subsea vehicle 100, is performing an inspection function for which the second subsea vehicle 100 has been configured to perform.
  • This inspection function may further comprise marine growth cleaning, general inspection and remedial works of scour protection, J-tube seals and cathodic protection, grout seals, cable protection systems or cable position analysis.
  • electromagnet 210 may be selectively energized to engage marinized digital detector array and betatron source 200,201 to subsea structure 320,400 or disengage marinized digital detector array and betatron source 200,201 from subsea structure 320,400.
  • a heave compensated arm may be used to inspect the area in a splash zone and above the waterline where marinized digital detector array and betatron source 200,201 is mounted to the end of arm 501.
  • Arm 201 may comprise one or more sensors 502 installed such that arm 501 could maintain position relative to monopile 320 as vessel 500 heaves. Arm 201 would have the capability to place marinized digital detector array and betatron source 200,201 both above and below the surface of the water.
  • marinized digital detector array and betatron source 200,201 is attached to crawler 600 (Fig 6) which may be deployed via subsea vehicle 100 (Fig. 1) or vessel 500 (Fig. 5). Crawler 600 then could position itself where required, both above and below the waterline.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système d'inspection sous-marine de mortier dans une chemise sous-marine telle que des pieux de tige de chemise sur des éoliennes en mer. Ledit système comprend un véhicule sous-marin (100) qui peut être déployé dans un TMS de type cage (200) qui peut comprendre un ensemble radiographique (310) et une source navalisée de réseau détecteur numérique et de bêtatron (200) qui comprend une source de rayons X (230) et une plaque de détecteur de rayons X (220). Le véhicule sous-marin sort du TMS de type cage et se connecte à la source navalisée de réseau détecteur numérique et de bêtatron (200), puis est déplacé vers une structure sous-marine à inspecter (400) où la source navalisée de réseau détecteur numérique et de bêtatron (200) est utilisée pour bombarder la structure sous-marine à inspecter avec des rayons x, dont une partie est réfléchies et détectée, permettant à une image d'être générée de la structure à inspecter.
PCT/US2018/060087 2017-11-09 2018-11-09 Inspection de mortiers dans des pieux de tige de chemise sur des éoliennes en mer WO2019094761A1 (fr)

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US201762583632P 2017-11-09 2017-11-09
US62/583,632 2017-11-09

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WO2019094761A1 true WO2019094761A1 (fr) 2019-05-16

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100235018A1 (en) * 2009-03-11 2010-09-16 Seatrepid International, Llc Unmanned Apparatus Traversal And Inspection System
US20140230713A1 (en) * 2011-09-26 2014-08-21 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Underwater mobile inspection apparatus and underwater inspection equipment
US20160208958A1 (en) * 2013-09-04 2016-07-21 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Maintenance apparatus

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100235018A1 (en) * 2009-03-11 2010-09-16 Seatrepid International, Llc Unmanned Apparatus Traversal And Inspection System
US20140230713A1 (en) * 2011-09-26 2014-08-21 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Underwater mobile inspection apparatus and underwater inspection equipment
US20160208958A1 (en) * 2013-09-04 2016-07-21 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Maintenance apparatus

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
"Oceaneering Inspection Solution Combines High-Energy X-Ray and Digital Detector Array to Confirm Fitness for Service on Large-Diameter", HEAVY WALL RISERS, 2016, XP055608159, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.oceaneering.com/datasheets/casestudies/Case-Study-Betatron-with-Digital-Detection-for-Corrosion-Measurement.pdf> [retrieved on 20181216] *
SUBSEA DIGITAL RADIOGRAPHY TOOL, 15 May 2014 (2014-05-15), Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ucTAxjEJVko> [retrieved on 20181216] *

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