WO2019093870A1 - Eco-friendly product for stabilising the advance of saharan sand and soil fertilisation technology - Google Patents

Eco-friendly product for stabilising the advance of saharan sand and soil fertilisation technology Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019093870A1
WO2019093870A1 PCT/MA2017/000029 MA2017000029W WO2019093870A1 WO 2019093870 A1 WO2019093870 A1 WO 2019093870A1 MA 2017000029 W MA2017000029 W MA 2017000029W WO 2019093870 A1 WO2019093870 A1 WO 2019093870A1
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Prior art keywords
colorless liquid
preparing
polymer
sand
saharan
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PCT/MA2017/000029
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French (fr)
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Karima LAKLECH
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Laklech Karima
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/22—Materials not provided for elsewhere for dust-laying or dust-absorbing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion

Definitions

  • the new invention is a liquid substance extracted from non-biodegradable solid waste recycling, to fight against silting (stop the advancement of sand Sahara) Fie 1 and after agriculture using alternative soils.
  • This liquid is also intended to solidify all types of soils to obtain a viable solid base to withstand weights.
  • the present invention relates to a process for dissolving polymer in the form of a colorless liquid Which is sprayed on the desert sand To give a solid and insulating and non-permeable layer which allows us to agriculture using agricultural alternative soil with a new technology.
  • Butyl acetate is a solvent commonly used in the chemical industry to make lacquers and other similar products.
  • This flammable liquid has a banana or medium power apple smell.
  • Butyl acetate (and its isomers) are prepared by esterifying acetic acid with a mixture of isomers of n-butanol with a catalytic amount of sulfuric acid.
  • Butan-2-one (simply called butanone, ethyl methyl ketone or MEK) is a ketone generally used as a solvent. It is a colorless liquid that has a pungent odor resembling that of acetone.
  • One of the routes of synthesis of butanone is the oxidation of butan-2-ol using a catalyst based on copper, zinc or bronze.
  • Butanone is used in plastics as a solvent (ABS plastics, gums and resins). With polystyrene, it forms a cement paste used to glue plastic parts together.
  • Ethyl acetate is a liquid with a characteristic fruity odor. It is an ester resulting from ethanol and acetic acid (acetic acid or ethanoic acid is a carboxylic acid with a theoretical C2 carbon chain, analogous to ethane, of molar mass 60 g / mol and of crude chemical formula or semi-developed
  • acetic acid or ethanoic acid is a carboxylic acid with a theoretical C2 carbon chain, analogous to ethane, of molar mass 60 g / mol and of crude chemical formula or semi-developed
  • the adjective of the current name comes from Latin acetum, meaning vinegar. Indeed acetic acid is the main constituent of the vinegar after water, since it gives it its acid taste and pungent odor detectable from ⁇ ppm) used mainly as a solvent. It is found naturally in small amounts in rum and in grapes damaged by hail.
  • ethyl acetate has a mobility of the proton (H +) located on the carbon of the carbonyl neighbor. However, this is much lower than in the case of aldehydes or ketones. Also the enol form is undetectable.
  • the saponification reaction of ethyl acetate is a reaction whose speed follows a second order law:
  • Thermoplastic polymer-polymer blends are intimate mechanical blends of two or more different and compatible polymers. Unlike copolymers, no chemical bond is formed. Free:
  • thermoplastic elastomer thermoplastic elastomer
  • PEPDM brings cold shock resistance
  • PC / ABS improved stiffness, impact resistance and fire resistance
  • PPO Pofy (phenylene oxide); High performance thermoplastic (often modified by mixing)
  • PS Polystyrene
  • consumer thermoplastic PP Polypropylene (polyolefin); consumer thermoplastic EPDM: ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (terpolymer); PC elastomer: Polycarbonate, Lexan, Makrolon; thermoptastique
  • ABS Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene
  • Polymers are often classified according to their thermomechanical properties. We distinguish :
  • TPE Thermoplastic elastomers
  • thermosetting polymers which harden irreversibly, most often under the action of heat in the presence of reagents.
  • this type of polymer is found as solid waste with a lifetime that exceeds 1000 years, and its cost of recycling is very expensive compared to the production of these materials.
  • the present invention relates to a process for dissolving polymer in the form of a colorless liquid Which is sprayed on the desert sand To give a solid and insulating and non-permeable layer which allows us to farm using agricultural alternative soil with a new technology.
  • the dissolution of a polymer is simply the intercalation of solvent molecules through the polymer chains. If the solution is diluted enough, the polymer chains will be completely separated from each other. On the other hand, this will not break the bonds between the monomers. In this case, the polymerization is carried out in the presence of a solvent or a diluent. Depending on the solubility of the polymer to be synthesized, the solution polymerization may be:
  • heterogeneous the polymer is not soluble in the solvent, the polymer can then precipitate from a certain degree of polymerization, this is the case of PVC in benzene.
  • a fertile soil must have a structure and depth that allows plants to develop their roots to anchor, retain moisture and evacuate excess water. Its composition must allow a good supply of nutrients ( ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ ), water and trace elements. Its dark color reflects its richness in carbon.
  • a fertile soil is a living self, rich in earthworms, fungi and bacteria, which contribute to the recycling of organic matter and maintain good porosity.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns the dissolution of solid products of plant origin such as polymer: the best-known polymers are: natural fibres: plant fibres (cellulose): wood, paper, natural textiles (hemp, flax, cotton), etc., animal fibres: leather (collagen), silk and wool (keratin), etc.; proteins; plastic materials; natural rubber (latex) and artificial rubber; the aim of the invention is to obtain a colourless eco-friendly and environmentally-friendly liquid in order to cover the Saharan sand with a solid protective layer, as uniform as possible, so as to eliminate the action of the wind at ground level, prevent the phenomenon of saltation and combat desertification and, subsequently, agricultural practice using alternative soils.

Description

Produit Ecologique pour stabiliser l'avancement du Sable Sahara et la  Ecological product to stabilize the advancement of Sahara Sand and the
Technologie de fertilisation du Sol  Soil Fertilization Technology
DESCREPTION  Descreption
Domaine de l'Invention  Field of the Invention
La nouvelle invention est une substance liquide extrait à partir de recyclage des déchets solides non-biodégradable, pour lutter contre l'ensablement (arrêter l'avancement de sable Sahara) Fie 1 et après l'agriculture on utilisant des sols alternatifs.  The new invention is a liquid substance extracted from non-biodegradable solid waste recycling, to fight against silting (stop the advancement of sand Sahara) Fie 1 and after agriculture using alternative soils.
Ce liquide a pour but aussi de solidifier tous les types des sols afin d'obtenir une base solide viable pour résister à des poids.  This liquid is also intended to solidify all types of soils to obtain a viable solid base to withstand weights.
L'état de la Technique The state of the art
La présente invention concerne un procédé dé dissolution de polymère sous forme d'un liquide incolore Lequel est pulvérisé sur le sable du désert Pour donner une couche solide et isolante et non perméable ce qui nous permet d'agriculture à l'aide du sol alternatif agricole avec une nouvelle technologie.  The present invention relates to a process for dissolving polymer in the form of a colorless liquid Which is sprayed on the desert sand To give a solid and insulating and non-permeable layer which allows us to agriculture using agricultural alternative soil with a new technology.
Matériaux utilisés pour faciliter le processus de dissolution de Polymère est : Materials used to facilitate the process of Polymer dissolution is:
1. L'acétate de butyle est un solvant couramment utilisé dans l'industrie Chimique pour fabriquer des laques et autres produits similaires. 1. Butyl acetate is a solvent commonly used in the chemical industry to make lacquers and other similar products.
Il est aussi utilisé comme additif alimentaire dans la production de sucreries, crèmes glacées, fromages... Il est également retrouvé naturellement dans certains fruits comme les pommes. On le retrouve aussi comme additifs dans l'industrie du tabac.  It is also used as a food additive in the production of sweets, ice creams, cheeses ... It is also found naturally in some fruits such as apples. It is also found as additives in the tobacco industry.
Ce liquide inflammable a une odeur de banane ou de pomme de puissance moyenne.  This flammable liquid has a banana or medium power apple smell.
Une dilution à 0,8% maximum est exigée dans les parfums concentrés, comme arôme, la valeur seuil exigée est de 7 ppm.  A maximum 0.8% dilution is required in concentrated perfumes, as a flavor, the required threshold value is 7 ppm.
On prépare l'acétate de butyle (et ses isomères) par l'estérîfication de l'acide acétique avec un mélange d'isomères de n-butanol avec une quantité catalytique d'acide sulfurique.  Butyl acetate (and its isomers) are prepared by esterifying acetic acid with a mixture of isomers of n-butanol with a catalytic amount of sulfuric acid.
Figure imgf000002_0001
Figure imgf000002_0001
Figure imgf000003_0001
Figure imgf000003_0001
2. La butan-2-one (appelée simplement butanone, éthyl méthyl cétone ou MEK en anglais) est une cétone généralement utilisée en tant que solvant. Il s'agit d'un liquide incolore qui possède une odeur piquante ressemblant à celle de l'acétone. 2. Butan-2-one (simply called butanone, ethyl methyl ketone or MEK) is a ketone generally used as a solvent. It is a colorless liquid that has a pungent odor resembling that of acetone.
Une des voies de synthèse de la butanone est l'oxydation du butan-2-ol en utilisant un catalyseur basé sur le cuivre, le zinc ou le bronze.
Figure imgf000003_0002
One of the routes of synthesis of butanone is the oxidation of butan-2-ol using a catalyst based on copper, zinc or bronze.
Figure imgf000003_0002
La butanone est utilisée en plasturgie comme solvant (plastiques ABS, gommes et résines). Avec du polystyrène, elle forme une pâte ciment utilisée pour coller des pièces plastiques ensemble. Butanone is used in plastics as a solvent (ABS plastics, gums and resins). With polystyrene, it forms a cement paste used to glue plastic parts together.
Figure imgf000004_0001
Figure imgf000004_0001
3. L'acétate d'éthyle (éthanoate d'éthyle) est un liquide, à l'odeur caractéristique fruitée. C'est un ester résultant de l'éthanoi et de l'acide acétique (L'acîde acétique ou acide éthanoïque est un acide carboxylique avec une chaîne carbonée théorique en C2, analogue à i'éthane, de masse molaire 60 g/mol et de formule chimique brute
Figure imgf000004_0004
ou semi- développée
Figure imgf000004_0003
L'adjectif du nom courant provient du latin acetum, signifiant vinaigre. En effet l'acide acétique représente le principal constituant du vinaigre après l'eau, puisqu'il lui donne son goût acide et son odeur piquante détectable à partir de ι ppm) utilisé principalement comme solvant. On le trouve, à l'état naturel en faibles quantités dans le rhum et dans les raisins endommagés par la grêle. 3. Ethyl acetate (ethyl ethanoate) is a liquid with a characteristic fruity odor. It is an ester resulting from ethanol and acetic acid (acetic acid or ethanoic acid is a carboxylic acid with a theoretical C2 carbon chain, analogous to ethane, of molar mass 60 g / mol and of crude chemical formula
Figure imgf000004_0004
or semi-developed
Figure imgf000004_0003
The adjective of the current name comes from Latin acetum, meaning vinegar. Indeed acetic acid is the main constituent of the vinegar after water, since it gives it its acid taste and pungent odor detectable from ι ppm) used mainly as a solvent. It is found naturally in small amounts in rum and in grapes damaged by hail.
Comme tous les composés comportant un carbonyle, l'acétate d'éthyle présente une mobilité du proton (H+) situé sur le carbone voisin du carbonyle. Cependant, celle-ci est bien plus faible que dans le cas des aldéhydes ou des cétones. Aussi la forme énolique est-elle indétectable. Like all compounds containing a carbonyl, ethyl acetate has a mobility of the proton (H +) located on the carbon of the carbonyl neighbor. However, this is much lower than in the case of aldehydes or ketones. Also the enol form is undetectable.
Cependant, en présence d'une base très forte comme l'ion éthanolate, l'énolate existe à l'équilibre et donne lieu à la condensation de Claisen :
Figure imgf000004_0002
Le composé obtenu est l'acétyle acétate d'éthyle dont le nom officiel est le 3-oxobutanoate d'éthyle. However, in the presence of a very strong base like the ethanolate ion, the enolate exists at equilibrium and gives rise to Claisen condensation:
Figure imgf000004_0002
The compound obtained is acetyl acetate, the official name of which is ethyl 3-oxobutanoate.
La réaction de saponification de l'acétate d'éthyle est une réaction dont la vitesse suit une loi du deuxième ordre :  The saponification reaction of ethyl acetate is a reaction whose speed follows a second order law:
Figure imgf000005_0001
Figure imgf000005_0001
Les mélanges polymère-polymère thermoplastiques sont des mélanges mécaniques intimes de deux {ou plusieurs) polymères différents et compatibles. À la différence des copolymères, il ne se forme pas de liaison chimique. Exemptes : Thermoplastic polymer-polymer blends are intimate mechanical blends of two or more different and compatible polymers. Unlike copolymers, no chemical bond is formed. Free:
• PPO/PS : le PS apporte la facilité de mise en œuvre et réduit le coût• PPO / PS: the PS brings ease of implementation and reduces cost
• PP/EPDM : élastomère thermoplastique ; PEPDM apporte la tenue aux chocs à froid ; • PP / EPDM: thermoplastic elastomer; PEPDM brings cold shock resistance;
PC/ABS : amélioration de la rigidité, de la tenue aux chocs et au feu  PC / ABS: improved stiffness, impact resistance and fire resistance
PPO ; Pofy (oxyde de phénylène) ; thermoplastique de hautes performances (souvent modifié par mélange) PS : Polystyrène ; thermoplastique de grande consommation PP : Poiypropyiène (polyoléfine) ; thermoplastique de grande consommation EPDM : Éthylène-propylène-diène monomère (terpolymère) ; élastomère PC : Poiycarbonate, Lexan, Makrolon ; thermoptastique PPO; Pofy (phenylene oxide); High performance thermoplastic (often modified by mixing) PS: Polystyrene; consumer thermoplastic PP: Polypropylene (polyolefin); consumer thermoplastic EPDM: ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (terpolymer); PC elastomer: Polycarbonate, Lexan, Makrolon; thermoptastique
ABS : Acrylonitrile butadiène styrène ; thermoplastique ABS: Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene; thermoplastic
Les polymères sont souvent classés d'après leurs propriétés thermomécaniques. On distingue :  Polymers are often classified according to their thermomechanical properties. We distinguish :
• les polymères thermoplastiques, qui deviennent malléables quand ils sont chauffés, ce qui permet leur mise en forme ; • Thermoplastic polymers, which become malleable when heated, allowing their shaping;
• les élastomères, qui sont déformables de manière réversible ;  • elastomers, which are reversibly deformable;
• les élastomères thermoplastiques (TPE) ;  • Thermoplastic elastomers (TPE);
• les polymères thermodurcissables, qui durcissent de façon irréversible, le plus souvent sous l'action de la chaleur en présence dé réactifs.  • thermosetting polymers, which harden irreversibly, most often under the action of heat in the presence of reagents.
La description des polymères en tant qu'objet physique permettant de comprendre leurs propriétés relève de la physique statistique.  The description of polymers as a physical object to understand their properties is statistical physics.
Le Problème Technique The Technical Problem
Généralement dans la nature en trouve ce type de polymère comme déchet solide avec une durée de vie qui dépasse 1000 ans, et son coût de recyclage est très cher par rapport à la production de ces matériaux.  Generally in nature, this type of polymer is found as solid waste with a lifetime that exceeds 1000 years, and its cost of recycling is very expensive compared to the production of these materials.
Dans ce nouveau procède de dissolution en vas réduire le coût de recyclage 50 fois plus moins cher, pour deux buts :  In this new dissolution process will reduce the cost of recycling 50 times cheaper, for two purposes:
1. Obtenir un liquide incolore Lequel est pulvérisé sur le sable du désert Pour donner une couche solide et isolante et non perméable pour lutter contre l'ensablement (arrêter l'avancement de sable Sahara)  1. Get a colorless liquid Which is sprayed on the desert sand To give a solid, insulating and non-permeable layer to fight against sand (stop advancing sand Sahara)
2. l'agriculture on utilisant des sols alternatifs sur cette couche solide avec une nouvelle technologie. 2. agriculture using alternative soils on this solid layer with new technology.
En ce qui concerne le recyclage de polymère les méthodes actuellement disponibles proposent généralement le broyage et la réintroduction en production d'emballages. Ce type de procédé est intéressant mais présente quelques inconvénients majeurs. La Solution With regard to polymer recycling, currently available methods generally include grinding and reintroduction into packaging production. This type of process is interesting but has some major disadvantages. The solution
La présente invention concerne un procédé de dissolution de polymère sous forme d'un liquide incolore Lequel est pulvérisé sur le sable du désert Pour donner une couche solide et isolante et non perméable ce qui nous permet d'agriculture à l'aide du sol alternatif agricole avec une nouvelle technologie. The present invention relates to a process for dissolving polymer in the form of a colorless liquid Which is sprayed on the desert sand To give a solid and insulating and non-permeable layer which allows us to farm using agricultural alternative soil with a new technology.
1. La Préparation de solvant avec des produits : 1. The preparation of solvent with products:
Figure imgf000007_0001
Figure imgf000007_0001
La dissolution d'un polymère correspond tout simplement à l'intercalation de molécules de solvants à travers les chaînes polymères. Si la solution est assez diluée, les chaînes polymères seront complètement séparées les unes de autres. Par contre, cela ne brisera pas les liens entres les monomères, Dans ce cas, la polymérisation se fait en présence d'un solvant ou d'un diluant. Selon la solubilité du polymère à synthétiser, la polymérisation en solution peut être :  The dissolution of a polymer is simply the intercalation of solvent molecules through the polymer chains. If the solution is diluted enough, the polymer chains will be completely separated from each other. On the other hand, this will not break the bonds between the monomers. In this case, the polymerization is carried out in the presence of a solvent or a diluent. Depending on the solubility of the polymer to be synthesized, the solution polymerization may be:
• homogène : le polymère est soluble dans le solvant, le milieu peut alors se solidifier. C'est le cas du polyisobutène dans le chlorure de méthyie. • homogeneous: the polymer is soluble in the solvent, the medium can then solidify. This is the case of polyisobutene in methyl chloride.
• hétérogène : le polymère n'est pas soluble dans le solvant, le polymère peut alors précipiter à partir d'un certain degré de polymérisation, C'est le cas du PVC dans le benzène. • heterogeneous: the polymer is not soluble in the solvent, the polymer can then precipitate from a certain degree of polymerization, this is the case of PVC in benzene.
En phase homogène, la cinétique est la même que pour la polymérisation en masse, mais Sa vitesse de propagation est diminuée. En effet, en polymérisation en chaîne, elle est de la forme : vp * kp [monomère] [polymère en croissance]. Les concentrations sont diminuées par rapport à la polymérisation en masse à cause de la présence de solvant et la vitesse est donc inférieure. In homogeneous phase, the kinetics is the same as for mass polymerization, but its propagation speed is decreased. Indeed, in polymerization chain, it is of the form: vp * kp [monomer] [growing polymer]. The concentrations are decreased compared to the bulk polymerization because of the presence of solvent and the speed is lower.
Avec ce procédé, il est plus facile de contrôler le dégagement de chaleur (réactions exothermiques) que dans ia polymérisation en masse, l'effet Trommsdorff ne pose plus problème, la viscosité non plus. On peut obtenir des polymères relativement purs et également de masse molaire élevée mais un peu moins qu'en masse. Selon les applications, la solution obtenue peut être utilisée directement. With this process, it is easier to control the release of heat (exothermic reactions) than in mass polymerization, the Trommsdorff effect is no longer a problem, nor is the viscosity. Relatively pure and also high molecular weight polymers can be obtained but little less than mass. Depending on the applications, the resulting solution can be used directly.
L'avantage de cette technique vis-à-vis de celle de polymérisation en masse, implique cependant quelques complications comme le fait d'enlever le solvant à la fin de la polymérisation qui est une opération difficile et le risque de contamination par réaction du monomère par le diluant car le solvant peut être réactif et agir comme un agent de transfert coupant les longueurs de la chaîne. The advantage of this technique over that of bulk polymerization, however, involves some complications such as removing the solvent at the end of the polymerization which is a difficult operation and the risk of contamination by reaction of the monomer by the diluent because the solvent can be reactive and act as a transfer agent cutting the lengths of the chain.
Figure imgf000008_0001
Figure imgf000008_0001
Figure imgf000009_0001
ta fertilisation du soi : Après avoir arrêté ie mouvement du sable Nous posons du soi agricole modifies contient de gros éléments Engrais organiques, Avec une épaisseur allant de 20 cm à 48 cm selon le type d'agriculture. Fte2
Figure imgf000009_0001
Your fertilization of the self: After having stopped the movement of the sand We put modified agricultural self contains large elements Organic fertilizers, With a thickness ranging from 20 cm to 48 cm according to the type of agriculture. Fte2
Figure (3)
Figure imgf000009_0002
Figure (3)
Figure imgf000009_0002
Un sol fertile doit avoir une structure et une profondeur qui permettent aux plantes de développer leurs racines pour s'ancrer, retenir l'humidité et évacuer l'eau en excès. Sa composition doit permettre un bon approvisionnement en éléments nutritifs (Ν,Ρ,Κ), en eau et en oligo-éléments. Sa couleur foncée traduit sa richesse en carbone. A fertile soil must have a structure and depth that allows plants to develop their roots to anchor, retain moisture and evacuate excess water. Its composition must allow a good supply of nutrients (Ν, Ρ, Κ), water and trace elements. Its dark color reflects its richness in carbon.
Un sol fertile est un soi vivant, riche en vers de terre, champignons et bactéries, qui contribuent au recyclage de la matière organique et maintiennent une bonne porosité. A fertile soil is a living self, rich in earthworms, fungi and bacteria, which contribute to the recycling of organic matter and maintain good porosity.

Claims

Revendications : Claims:
1. Méthode de préparation de liquide incolore P2S caractérisé par : I) Le mélange de polymère, avec des solvants usagés, afin d'être dissolue à l'aide d'un duliant.  1. Method of preparing a colorless liquid P2S characterized by: I) The polymer mixture, with used solvents, in order to be dissolved using a duliant.
2. Méthode de préparation de liquide incolore P2S selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que les déchets à base de polymère sont sélectionnés parmi : fibres végétales (cellulose) : bois, papier, textiles naturels (chanvre, lin, coton) Polystyrène CM, Le polystyrène EM de polymères styréniques, de copolymères styréniques, et de Billes Granulée dé PS. a. Méthode de préparation de liquide incolore P2S selon les revendications 1,2 caractérisé en ce que les solvants sont sélectionnés parmi :
Figure imgf000011_0001
2. Method for preparing a colorless liquid P2S according to claim 1, characterized in that the polymer-based wastes are selected from: plant fibers (cellulose): wood, paper, natural textiles (hemp, flax, cotton) Polystyrene CM, The polystyrene EM of styrenic polymers, styrenic copolymers, and PS Granulated Beads. at. Method for preparing a colorless liquid P2S according to claims 1, 2, characterized in that the solvents are selected from:
Figure imgf000011_0001
On mélange avec des doses spéciales afin d'obtenir une solution finale d'une complète réaction chimique, très cristallisée.  It is mixed with special doses to obtain a final solution of a complete chemical reaction, highly crystallized.
4. Méthode de préparation de liquide incolore P2S seion l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisées en ce que la quantité des solvants nécessaire représente entre 40 % et 50 %, de préférence 45 % du volume de liquide incolore P2S. 4. A method for preparing a colorless liquid P2S seion any one of the preceding claims characterized in that the amount of solvents required is between 40% and 50%, preferably 45% of the volume of colorless liquid P2S.
5. Méthode de préparation de liquide incolore P2S selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisées en ce que la quantité de n'importe quel type de polymère indiqué entre 50% et 75% de la résine cristallisée. 5. A method for preparing a colorless liquid P2S according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the amount of any type of polymer indicated between 50% and 75% of the crystallized resin.
6. Méthode de préparation de liquide incolore P2S selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisées en ce que le solvant soit préparé sur la base de polyhydroxyacryiate et de polyisocyanate, contenant un alcool tertiaire et un catalyseur diacétonique ainsi qu'une résine d'acrylate thermoplastique. 6. Method for preparing a colorless liquid P2S according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the solvent is prepared on the basis of polyhydroxyacrylate and polyisocyanate, containing a tertiary alcohol and a diacetone catalyst and an acrylate resin. thermoplastic.
PCT/MA2017/000029 2017-11-10 2017-12-14 Eco-friendly product for stabilising the advance of saharan sand and soil fertilisation technology WO2019093870A1 (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2864544A1 (en) * 2003-12-31 2005-07-01 Eska Dissolving expanded polystyrene for recycling, by contacting with initial solvent to form gel then with complementary solvent to form true solution, useful e.g. as adhesive
FR2874022A1 (en) * 2004-08-06 2006-02-10 Penn Ar Bed Sarl COMPOSITION FOR FIXING PULVERULENT AND / OR GRANULAR PARTICLES
US20060128838A1 (en) * 2004-12-15 2006-06-15 Eric Ferrall Process for the stabilization of dusting surfaces

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2864544A1 (en) * 2003-12-31 2005-07-01 Eska Dissolving expanded polystyrene for recycling, by contacting with initial solvent to form gel then with complementary solvent to form true solution, useful e.g. as adhesive
FR2874022A1 (en) * 2004-08-06 2006-02-10 Penn Ar Bed Sarl COMPOSITION FOR FIXING PULVERULENT AND / OR GRANULAR PARTICLES
US20060128838A1 (en) * 2004-12-15 2006-06-15 Eric Ferrall Process for the stabilization of dusting surfaces

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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Title
GHASEMI MOHAMMAD ET AL: "Assessment of solvents for cellulose dissolution", BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY, ELSEVIER, AMSTERDAM, NL, vol. 228, 18 December 2016 (2016-12-18), pages 330 - 338, XP029892631, ISSN: 0960-8524, DOI: 10.1016/J.BIORTECH.2016.12.049 *
GUNDUZ S ET AL: "Solubility behaviour of polystyrene: thermodynamic studies using gas chromatography", POLYMER, ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBLISHERS B.V, GB, vol. 21, no. 9, 1 September 1980 (1980-09-01), pages 1041 - 1046, XP024161765, ISSN: 0032-3861, [retrieved on 19800901], DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(80)90035-X *

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