WO2019090914A1 - 一种色域映射方法及色域映射装置 - Google Patents

一种色域映射方法及色域映射装置 Download PDF

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WO2019090914A1
WO2019090914A1 PCT/CN2017/117359 CN2017117359W WO2019090914A1 WO 2019090914 A1 WO2019090914 A1 WO 2019090914A1 CN 2017117359 W CN2017117359 W CN 2017117359W WO 2019090914 A1 WO2019090914 A1 WO 2019090914A1
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color
point
gamut
mapping
color gamut
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French (fr)
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饶洋
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Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Semiconductor Display Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Semiconductor Display Technology Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/46—Colour picture communication systems
    • H04N1/56—Processing of colour picture signals
    • H04N1/60—Colour correction or control
    • H04N1/6058—Reduction of colour to a range of reproducible colours, e.g. to ink- reproducible colour gamut
    • H04N1/6061—Reduction of colour to a range of reproducible colours, e.g. to ink- reproducible colour gamut involving the consideration or construction of a gamut surface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/46—Colour picture communication systems
    • H04N1/56—Processing of colour picture signals
    • H04N1/60—Colour correction or control
    • H04N1/6058—Reduction of colour to a range of reproducible colours, e.g. to ink- reproducible colour gamut
    • H04N1/6063—Reduction of colour to a range of reproducible colours, e.g. to ink- reproducible colour gamut dependent on the contents of the image to be reproduced
    • H04N1/6066—Reduction of colour to a range of reproducible colours, e.g. to ink- reproducible colour gamut dependent on the contents of the image to be reproduced dependent on the gamut of the image to be reproduced
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/90—Determination of colour characteristics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/64—Circuits for processing colour signals

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of image processing, and in particular, to a gamut mapping method and a gamut mapping device.
  • the HPMINDE algorithm commonly used at this stage cuts all the colors outside the color gamut to the target color gamut boundary, and directly outputs the color in the color gamut as it is.
  • the HPMINDE algorithm commonly used at this stage cuts all the colors outside the color gamut to the target color gamut boundary, and directly outputs the color in the color gamut as it is.
  • the points in the color gamut are output as they are, ensuring accurate color representation in the color gamut; the out-of-gamut points are mapped along the direction toward the point on the brightness axis, and the extra-domain colors are sequentially mapped on the gamut boundary, and the gamut area K According to the principle of minimum chromatic aberration, it is mapped to the T point on the gamut boundary, and the color gamut outside the gamut is mapped to the gamut boundary P' according to the principle of minimum chromatic aberration.
  • the common algorithm maps the color points located outside the small gamut along a point toward the brightness axis, area and mapped line segments. There is a big difference, which directly causes the mapping uniformity to be poor. At the same time, the image mapping is concentrated in a small range and easy to be detailed level information, which is easy to cause blur and halo noise.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a gamut mapping algorithm, which acquires the coordinates of the mapping points by the area ratio, determines the mapping direction, and improves the uniformity and level of detail of the mapping at the boundary color points.
  • the present invention provides a gamut mapping method, including the following steps:
  • the brightness coordinates of the mapping point are obtained by adjusting a brightness coordinate difference between the parameter and the first intersection and the second intersection and adding a brightness coordinate of the second intersection.
  • the present invention also provides a color gamut mapping method, including the following steps:
  • the present invention also provides a color gamut mapping device, which includes a controller and a data collector electrically connected to each other.
  • the controller is configured to determine a mapping target color gamut of the original color gamut in the same color gamut space; wherein an area of the mapping target color gamut is smaller than an area of the original color gamut;
  • the data collector is configured to acquire a Lab value of a color point in the original color gamut according to the Lab a value determining a coordinate position of the color point in a hue plane corresponding to the original color gamut;
  • the controller is further configured to determine, according to the coordinate position, whether the color point is outside the mapping target area; if the color point is outside the mapping target area, determining that the color point is connected to a maximum brightness midpoint a first intersection of the line and the mapping target gamut boundary line, and the color point corresponds to a second intersection of the mapping target gamut boundary line, wherein the second intersection is connected to the color point a length that is a shortest distance from the color point to the target color gamut boundary line; determining, according to a preset adjustment parameter, a coordinate position of the first intersection, and a coordinate position of the second intersection, the color point is in the Maps the mapped points on the boundary line of the target gamut.
  • the present invention distinguishes the mapping target color gamut of the original color gamut in the same color gamut space; obtains the Lab value of the color point in the original color gamut, and determines the value according to the Lab value.
  • the levels of the color regions originally mapped to the same point are distinguished, and the level of detail of the color is
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a color grading target color gamut boundary outside the gamut of the prior art HPMINDE algorithm
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a mapping of an out-of-gamut region of a prior art HPMINDE algorithm in a corresponding boundary line segment;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a color gamut mapping method according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a color point chroma value of the color gamut mapping method of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of acquiring coordinates of a mapping point in the gamut mapping method of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of acquiring a new boundary line by the gamut mapping method of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a color gamut mapping apparatus according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of a color gamut mapping method according to the present invention.
  • the gamut mapping method includes the following steps:
  • the original color gamut and the mapping target color gamut include a computer graphics color gamut space, a CIE color gamut space, and a television system gamut space.
  • the original color gamut is an sRGB color gamut
  • the mapping target color gamut is a Lab color gamut.
  • These color gamuts represent the range of colors, that is, the range of colors that can be represented by various screen display devices, printers, or printing devices. In other embodiments, other various color gamuts may be mapped to each other. This is not limited.
  • the original color gamut and the mapped target color gamut confirm all color spaces and place the gamut space in the same coordinate system.
  • the color point and the brightness axis in the original color gamut are made into a plane, and the chroma coordinates, the brightness coordinate, and the hue angle of the color point in the hue plane corresponding to the original color gamut are obtained;
  • the coordinate position of the color point in the hue plane corresponding to the original color gamut is determined according to the chroma coordinates, the brightness coordinates, and the hue angle.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a color point chroma value of the color gamut mapping method of FIG.
  • the horizontal axis is chroma and the vertical axis is brightness.
  • the color point Lab value in the original color gamut that is, the luminance value L, the red-green color value a, and the blue-yellow color value b
  • Any point P(C*, L*) and the brightness axis are planes, and the original color gamut three-dimensional space is converted into a two-dimensional plane.
  • the red color value a and the blue-yellow color value b are used to determine the current P point hue angle H*,
  • the luminance coordinate L* and the chroma coordinate C* (specifically, the following formulas 1 to 3).
  • the RGB of the color point in the original color gamut is obtained.
  • the RGB gray value of the color point in the original color gamut is converted into the RGB optical value of the color point in the original color gamut by the conversion equation; and the RGB optical value of the color point in the original color gamut is converted into the original color gamut.
  • the tristimulus value of the color point; finally, the tristimulus value of the color point in the original color gamut is converted into the Lab value of the color point in the original color gamut.
  • the RGB gray values of the color points within the original color gamut are converted by Gamma 2.2 to the RGB optical values of the color points within the original color gamut.
  • Gamma2.2 is a special tone curve. When the gamma value is equal to 1, the curve is a line at 45° to the coordinate axis. This time indicates that the input and output densities are the same, and Gamma2.2 above 1 will be Make the output brighter.
  • the RGB optical values of the color points within the original color gamut are converted by the conversion matrix to tristimulus values of the color points within the original color gamut.
  • the RGB gray value cannot be directly converted to the Lab value, and it needs to be converted into the XYZ tristimulus value and then converted into the Lab value (ie: RGB gray value - XYZ tristimulus value - Lab value), in an optional
  • the RGB gray value is first converted to an XYZ tristimulus value.
  • the conversion matrix is as follows:
  • the X red primary color stimulation amount After obtaining the X red primary color stimulation amount, the Y green primary color stimulation amount, and the Z blue primary color stimulation amount, it is converted into a transfer Lab.
  • X is the red primary color stimulation amount
  • Y is the green primary color stimulation amount
  • Z is the blue primary color stimulation amount
  • Xn, Yn, and Zn adopt the default values of 95.047, 100.0, 108.883, f(t) as the correction function
  • t is the correction.
  • Parameters, L* is the brightness value
  • a* is the red and green color value
  • b* is the blue and yellow color value.
  • the coordinate position is compared with a boundary line function of the mapping target color gamut to determine whether the color point is outside the mapping target area.
  • a luminance value L, a red-green color value a, and a blue-yellow color value b are obtained, and a hue angle H and a two-dimensional plane of the two-dimensional plane are obtained according to the above formula (1 to 3).
  • the luminance coordinate L and the chroma coordinate C of the plane are used to bring the obtained hue angle and chroma values into the boundary line function of the target color gamut to determine the positional relationship of the color points.
  • the color point 304 if the color point is outside the mapping target area, determining a first intersection of the color point and the maximum brightness midpoint line and the mapping target color gamut boundary line, and the second intersection of the color point corresponding mapping target color gamut boundary line, wherein The length of the line connecting the second intersection and the color point is the shortest distance from the color point to the boundary line of the target color gamut.
  • the intersection point of the maximum brightness midpoint and the color point is selected as the first intersection, and the point of the shortest distance between the color point and the target color gamut.
  • the target color point is located in the interval between the first intersection and the second intersection.
  • the brightness coordinates and the chroma coordinates of the first intersection point and the second intersection point are respectively acquired by the target color gamut boundary line; and the color coordinate difference between the first intersection point and the second intersection point is adjusted by adding the second intersection point color
  • the degree coordinate obtains the mapping point chroma coordinate; similarly, the mapping point brightness coordinate is obtained by adjusting the brightness parameter difference between the first intersection point and the second intersection point and the brightness coordinate of the second intersection point; determining the first intersection point and the second intersection point Later, the mapping point of the target color gamut is determined according to the adjustment parameters.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of acquiring coordinates of a mapping point in the gamut mapping method of FIG. 3, where P is a color point in the original color gamut, and P point Located outside the target color gamut, the P point is connected to the point L m of the maximum brightness coordinate axis to the target color gamut boundary to the point M, and the vertical color of the target color gamut boundary at the crossing point P is the target color gamut boundary at the point N, where Point M is the first intersection and point N is the second intersection.
  • the luminance coordinate L M and the chroma coordinate C M of the first intersection and the luminance coordinate L N and the chroma coordinate C N of the second intersection can be quickly determined according to the boundary function or the coordinates. Then, according to the adjustment parameter ⁇ and the chroma coordinate difference value (C M -C N ) of the first intersection point and the second intersection point plus the chroma coordinate C N of the second intersection point, the mapping point chroma coordinate CP′ is obtained; similarly, according to The adjustment parameter and the luminance coordinate difference (L M -L N ) of the first intersection and the second intersection plus the luminance coordinate L N of the second intersection obtain the mapping point luminance coordinate LP', and the specific calculation process is specifically as follows (9- 10).
  • the setting value of the adjustment parameter is between 0 and 1, and the information for obtaining the adjustment parameter is mainly obtained by the visual evaluation experiment result.
  • the experimental comparison samples of the plurality of sets of original color gamuts are used, and a color map containing all the gamut spaces as much as possible is used, and the same color point is subjected to sampling analysis under multiple parameters, and the color points and targets outside the gamut are used.
  • the sampling points are selected on the mapping boundary line of the two intersection points on the gamut boundary line, wherein the two intersection points are the first intersection point and the second intersection point determined in the above embodiment.
  • sampling points are sequentially set to P 1 , P 2 , P 3 ⁇ P N , and the chroma mapping of P 1 , P 2 , P 3 ⁇ P N is performed on the equal brightness line by selecting the same mapping algorithm.
  • Each point chroma value on the brightness line is analyzed for each point, and the chroma mapping result of each point is obtained. Then, in the above manner, the brightness of each point and the result of the color difference mapping are obtained.
  • Comprehensive analysis select the mapping point with the best display effect, and then obtain the adjustment parameters of this color point.
  • the optimal adjustment parameter information can be obtained by comparing the statistics of the color point adjustment parameters of the original color gamut with the calculation model.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of acquiring a new boundary line by the gamut mapping method of FIG. 3.
  • the target gamut boundary does not obtain a boundary function by using a boundary algorithm, and directly mapping at a target gamut boundary may cause More serious color distortion, in order to directly perform color mapping, a new boundary line can be set directly within the boundary of 80% to 90 in the target color gamut; and the first intersection point and the second intersection point are determined by the new boundary line, wherein, The intersection point is the intersection of the maximum brightness midpoint line and the color point and the new boundary line, and the second intersection point is the intersection of the shortest distance point of the boundary line and the color point line and the new boundary line. Finally, according to the preset adjustment parameter, the coordinate position of the first intersection, and the coordinate position of the second intersection, the mapping point of the color point on the boundary line of the mapping target color gamut is determined.
  • the mapping point of the color point on the boundary line of the mapping target color gamut is determined.
  • the Lab value of the mapped point is converted into the tristimulus value by the empirical formula.
  • the specific formula is shown in the following 10-11, and then the tristimulus value is converted into the RGB optical value through the transformation matrix, and finally by Gamma2.2. Convert to RGB grayscale value output
  • Xn, Yn and Zn are 95.047, 100.0, 108.883, L is the brightness value, a is the red and green color value, b is the blue and yellow color value, t is the correction parameter, and f(t) is the correction function.
  • the embodiment determines the mapping target color gamut of the original color gamut in the same gamut space; obtains the Lab value of the color point in the original color gamut, and determines the color point in the original according to the Lab value. a coordinate position in a hue plane corresponding to the color gamut and determining a color point mapping target area according to the coordinate position; determining, according to the coordinate position, whether the color point is outside the mapping target area; if the color point is outside the mapping target area, determining a first intersection of the color point and the maximum brightness midpoint line and the mapping target color gamut boundary line, and a color point corresponding to the second intersection of the target color gamut boundary line; finally, according to the preset adjustment parameter, the coordinate position of the first intersection point, and The coordinate position of the second intersection point, determining the color point in the mapping target color The mapped point on the boundary line of the domain. In the above manner, the levels of the color regions originally mapped to the same point are distinguished, and the level of detail of the color is improved. In the above manner, the
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a color gamut mapping device according to the present invention, including a controller 701 and a data collector 702 electrically connected to each other.
  • the mapping target color gamut of the original color gamut is determined within the same gamut space; wherein the area of the mapping target color gamut is smaller than the area of the original color gamut.
  • the data collector 702 is configured to obtain a Lab value of a color point in the original color gamut, and determine a coordinate position of the color point in a hue plane corresponding to the original color gamut according to the Lab value;
  • the controller 701 is further configured to determine, according to the coordinate position, whether the color point is outside the mapping target area; if the color point is outside the mapping target area, determine a first intersection of the color point and the maximum brightness midpoint line and the mapping target color gamut boundary line, And the second intersection of the color point corresponding to the mapping target color gamut boundary line, wherein the length of the connection between the second intersection and the color point is the shortest distance from the color point to the target color gamut boundary line; according to the preset adjustment parameter, the first intersection point The coordinate position and the coordinate position of the second intersection point determine the mapping point of the color point on the boundary line of the mapping target color gamut.
  • the gamut mapping device of the embodiment determines the mapping target gamut of the original gamut in the same gamut space; acquires the Lab value of the color point in the original gamut, and determines the color according to the Lab value. Pointing a coordinate position in a hue plane corresponding to the original color gamut and determining a color point mapping target area according to the coordinate position; determining, according to the coordinate position, whether the color point is outside the mapping target area; if the color point is located in the mapping Outside the target area, the first intersection of the color point and the maximum brightness midpoint line and the mapping target color gamut boundary line is determined, and the color point corresponds to the second intersection of the target color gamut boundary line; finally, according to the preset adjustment parameter, the first The coordinate position of the intersection point and the coordinate position of the second intersection point determine the mapping point of the color point on the boundary line of the mapping target color gamut. In the above manner, the levels of the color regions originally mapped to the same point are distinguished, and the level of detail of the color is improved. In

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Abstract

本发明提供一种色域映射方法及色域映射装置，所述方法包括：获取原始色域内的色点的Lab值，再根据Lab值确定所述色点在所述原始色域对应的色调平面内的坐标位置并根据坐标位置判断色点映射目标区域；根据坐标位置判断所述色点是否位于所述映射目标区域外；如果色点位于所述映射目标区域外，确定色点与最大亮度中点连线与映射目标色域边界线的第一交点，以及色点对应映射目标色域边界线的第二交点；最后根据预设调节参数，确定色点在映射目标色域的边界线上的映射点。通过上述方式，改善映射在边界上色点的均匀性和细节层次等问题。此外，通过对调节参数的修改还可实现色差变化最小化、亮度变化最小化和彩度变化最小化之间最优化。

Description

一种色域映射方法及色域映射装置 【技术领域】
本发明涉及图像处理领域，特别是涉及一种色域映射方法及色域映射装置。
【背景技术】
随着科技的不断发展，多媒体设备逐渐呈现多样化的趋势。不同的显示设备有不同的颜色展示方式，然而各显示设备之间的色域映射和匹配问题也日益突出。
如图1所示，现阶段常用的HPMINDE算法，针对超色域问题，把色域外的颜色全部裁切到目标色域边界上，将色域内的颜色直接原样输出。如图2所示，色域内点原样输出，确保色域内颜色的准确呈现；色域外点沿着朝向亮度轴上点的方向映射，域外区域颜色依次映射在了色域边界上，色域区域K依据最小色差原则映射至色域边界上T点上，色域外颜色P，依据最小色差原则映射至色域边界上P′上，
对于色域映射算法，尤其是在大色域向小色域映射的过程中，常见算法对位于小色域外部的色点，都是沿着朝向亮度轴上某点进行映射，面积与映射线段存在较大差异，直接造成了映射均匀性较差，同时，图像映射后集中在一个较小的范围内容易细节层次信息，容易造成模糊和光晕噪声等现象。
【发明内容】
本发明解决的技术问题是，提供一种色域映射算法，通过面积占比获取映射点坐标，确定映射方向，改善映射在边界上色点的均匀性和细节层次等问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种色域映射方法，包括如下步骤：
在同一色域空间内确定原始色域的映射目标色域；其中，所述映射目标色域的面积小于所述原始色域的面积；
获取所述原始色域内的色点的RGB灰度值，根据所述RGB灰度值获取原始色域内的色点的Lab值；
利用所述原始色域内的色点的Lab值，过所述原始色域内的色点和亮度轴作平面，获取所述色点在所述原始色域对应的色调平面内的彩度坐标、亮度坐 标和色调角；
根据所述色调平面内的彩度坐标、亮度坐标和色调角确定所述色点在所述原始色域对应的色调平面内的坐标位置；
根据所述坐标位置判断所述色点是否位于所述映射目标区域外；
如果所述色点位于所述映射目标区域外，确定所述色点与最大亮度中点连线与所述映射目标色域边界线的第一交点，以及所述色点对应所述映射目标色域边界线的第二交点，其中，所述第二交点与所述色点的连线的长度为所述色点到所述目标色域边界线的最短距离；
分别获取所述第一交点与所述第二交点的坐标位置；其中，所述坐标位置包括亮度坐标和彩度坐标；
通过调节参数与所述第一交点和所述第二交点的彩度坐标差值加上所述第二交点的彩度坐标得到所述映射点的彩度坐标；
通过调节参数与所述第一交点和所述第二交点的亮度坐标差值加上所述第二交点的亮度坐标得到所述映射点的亮度坐标。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明还提供了一种色域映射方法，包括如下步骤：
在同一色域空间内确定原始色域的映射目标色域；其中，所述映射目标色域的面积小于所述原始色域的面积；
获取所述原始色域内的色点的Lab值，根据所述Lab值确定所述色点在所述原始色域对应的色调平面内的坐标位置；
根据所述坐标位置判断所述色点是否位于所述映射目标区域外；
如果所述色点位于所述映射目标区域外，确定所述色点与最大亮度中点连线与所述映射目标色域边界线的第一交点，以及所述色点对应所述映射目标色域边界线的第二交点，其中，所述第二交点与所述色点的连线的长度为所述色点到所述目标色域边界线的最短距离；
根据预设调节参数、所述第一交点的坐标位置以及所述第二交点的坐标位置，确定所述色点在所述映射目标色域的边界线上的映射点。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明还提供了一种色域映射装置，所述色域映射装置包括相互电连接的控制器以及数据采集器，
所述控制器用于在同一色域空间内确定原始色域的映射目标色域；其中，所述映射目标色域的面积小于所述原始色域的面积；
所述数据采集器用于获取所述原始色域内的色点的Lab值，根据所述Lab 值确定所述色点在所述原始色域对应的色调平面内的坐标位置；
所述控制器还用于根据所述坐标位置判断所述色点是否位于所述映射目标区域外；如果所述色点位于所述映射目标区域外，确定所述色点与最大亮度中点连线与所述映射目标色域边界线的第一交点，以及所述色点对应所述映射目标色域边界线的第二交点，其中，所述第二交点与所述色点的连线的长度为所述色点到所述目标色域边界线的最短距离；根据预设调节参数、所述第一交点的坐标位置以及所述第二交点的坐标位置，确定所述色点在所述映射目标色域的边界线上的映射点。
本发明的有益效果是：区别于现有技术，本发明通过在同一色域空间内确定原始色域的映射目标色域；获取原始色域内的色点的Lab值，再根据Lab值确定所述色点在所述原始色域对应的色调平面内的坐标位置并根据坐标位置判断色点映射目标区域；根据坐标位置判断所述色点是否位于所述映射目标区域外；如果色点位于所述映射目标区域外，确定色点与最大亮度中点连线与映射目标色域边界线的第一交点，以及色点对应映射目标色域边界线的第二交点；最后根据预设调节参数、第一交点的坐标位置以及第二交点的坐标位置，确定色点在映射目标色域的边界线上的映射点。通过上述方式，使原本映射至同一点的颜色区域的层次得以区分，提升了色彩的细节层次。此外，通过对调节参数的修改还可实现了色差、亮度和彩度之间的最优化。
【附图说明】
图1为现有技术HPMINDE算法色域外的颜色裁切目标色域边界示意图；
图2为现有技术HPMINDE算法色域外区域映射在对应边界线段示意图；
图3是本发明色域映射方法一实施例的流程示意图；
图4为图3色域映射方法的色点彩度值一实施例的示意图；
图5是图3色域映射方法中获取映射点坐标一实施例的示意图；
图6是图3色域映射方法获取新边界线一实施例示意图；
图7是本发明色域映射装置一实施例的结构示意图。
【具体实施方式】
请参阅图3，图3是本发明色域映射方法一实施例的流程示意图，本实施例 的色域映射方法包括如下步骤：
301：在同一色域空间内确定原始色域的映射目标色域；其中，映射目标色域的面积小于原始色域的面积。
本实施例中，原始色域和映射目标色域包括计算机图形色域空间、CIE色域空间和电视系统色域空间，比如该原始色域为sRGB色域，该映射目标色域为Lab色域，这些色域表示颜色数量所构成的范围区域，即各种屏幕显示设备、打印机或印刷设备所能表现的颜色范围，在其它实施方式中也可以是其它各种不同的色域相互映射，在此不做限定。
具体地，原始色域和映射目标色域确认全部颜色空间，并将色域空间放到同一坐标系中。
302：获取原始色域内的色点的Lab值，根据Lab值确定色点在原始色域对应的色调平面内的坐标位置。
为了确定色点在色域中的位置，需要将色点和原始色域与映射目标色域的坐标位置进行归一化处理。具体地，获取原始色域内的色点的RGB灰度值后，将所述原始色域内的色点的RGB灰度值转化为RGB光学值；然后通过转换矩阵，将RGB光学值转化成三刺激值；将三刺激值转化成Lab值，即可得到原始色域内的色点的Lab值。再通过原始色域内的色点的Lab值，过所述原始色域内的色点和亮度轴作平面，获取色点在原始色域对应的色调平面内的彩度坐标、亮度坐标和色调角；根据彩度坐标、亮度坐标和色调角确定色点在原始色域对应的色调平面内的坐标位置。
为了清楚说明上述过程，在一个具体地实施例中，如图4所示，图4为图3色域映射方法的色点彩度值一实施例的示意图。在图4中，横轴为彩度，纵轴为亮度，在该坐标系中，利用原始色域内的色点Lab值，即亮度值L、红绿色彩值a和蓝黄色彩值b，过任一点P(C*，L*)和亮度轴作平面，将原始色域三维空间转化为二维平面，通过红绿色彩值a和蓝黄色彩值b，确定当前P点色调角H*、亮度坐标L*和彩度坐标C*(具体如下述公式1～3)。
Figure PCTCN2017117359-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2017117359-appb-000002
L*＝L           (3)
其中，为了得到原始色域内的色点的Lab值，获取原始色域内的色点的RGB 灰度值之后，通过转化方程将原始色域内的色点的RGB灰度值转化为原始色域内的色点的RGB光学值；再将原始色域内的色点的RGB光学值转化成原始色域内的色点的三刺激值；最后再将原始色域内的色点的三刺激值转化成原始色域内的色点的Lab值。
优选地，原始色域内的色点的RGB灰度值通过Gamma2.2转化为原始色域内的色点的RGB光学值。其中，Gamma2.2为是一种特殊的色调曲线，当Gamma值等于1的时候，曲线为与坐标轴成45°的直线，这个时候表示输入和输出密度相同，高于1的Gamma2.2将使得输出亮化。
优选地，原始色域内的色点的RGB光学值通过转换矩阵转化为原始色域内的色点的三刺激值。
一般情况下，RGB灰度值无法直接转换成Lab值，需要先转换成XYZ三刺激值再转换成Lab值(即：RGB灰度值-XYZ三刺激值-Lab值)，在一个可选的实施方式中，首先将RGB灰度值转XYZ三刺激值。
具体地，假设r，g，b为像素三个通道，取值范围均为[0，255]，转换公式如下：
Figure PCTCN2017117359-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2017117359-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2017117359-appb-000005
其中转换矩阵如下：
Figure PCTCN2017117359-appb-000006
等同于如下公式：
X＝Var_R×0.4124+Var_G×0.3576+Var_B×0.1805
X＝Var_R×0.2126+Var_G×0.7451+Var_B×0.0722
X＝Var_R×0.0193+Var_G×0.1192+Var_B×0.9505
在获取到X红原色刺激量，Y绿原色刺激量，Z蓝原色刺激量后，在将其转换成转Lab。
Figure PCTCN2017117359-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2017117359-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2017117359-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2017117359-appb-000010
其中，X为红原色刺激量，Y为绿原色刺激量，Z为蓝原色刺激量，Xn、Yn、Zn采用默认值分别为95.047，100.0，108.883，f(t)为校正函数，t为校正参数，L*为亮度值，a*为红绿色彩值，b*为蓝黄色彩值。
303：根据坐标位置判断色点是否位于所述映射目标区域外。
在一个可选的实施方式中，将坐标位置与所述映射目标色域的边界线函数做比较，判断所述色点是否位于所述映射目标区域外。
具体地，获取原始色域中一色点Lab值后，得到亮度值L，红绿色彩值a和蓝黄色彩值b，根据上述公式(1～3)得到二维平面的色调角H和二维平面的亮度坐标L和彩度坐标C，把得到的色调角和彩度值带入目标色域的边界线函数来判断色点位置关系。
304：如果色点位于映射目标区域外，确定色点与最大亮度中点连线与映射目标色域边界线的第一交点，以及色点对应映射目标色域边界线的第二交点，其中，第二交点与色点的连线的长度为色点到目标色域边界线的最短距离。
为了使映射至同一点的颜色区域的层次得以区分，提升了色彩的细节层次，故选取最大亮度中点与色点连线处的交点作为第一交点，色点与目标色域最短距离的点为第二交点，使目标色点位于第一交点与第二交点的区间内。
305：根据预设调节参数、第一交点的坐标位置以及第二交点的坐标位置，确定色点在映射目标色域的边界线上的映射点。
具体地，通过目标色域边界线分别获取第一交点与第二交点的亮度坐标与彩度坐标；通过调节参数与第一交点和第二交点的彩度坐标差值加上第二交点的彩度坐标得到映射点彩度坐标；同理通过调节参数与第一交点和第二交点的亮度坐标差值加上第二交点的亮度坐标得到映射点亮度坐标；确定了第一交点和第二交点以后，在根据调节参数确定目标色域的映射点。
在一个具体的实施例中，如图5所示，图5是图3色域映射方法中获取映射点坐标一实施例的示意图，图中P为原始色域中的一个色点，且P点位于目标色域外，将P点与最大亮度坐标轴中点Lm相连交目标色域边界于点M，在过点P做目标色域边界的垂线交目标色域边界于点N，其中，点M为第一交点，点N为第二交点。根据边界函数或坐标可快速确定第一交点的亮度坐标LM和彩度坐标CM以及第二交点的亮度坐标LN和彩度坐标CN。再根据调节参数α与第一交点和第二交点的彩度坐标差值(CM-CN)加上第二交点的彩度坐标CN得到映射点彩度坐标CP′；同样的，根据调节参数与第一交点和第二交点的亮度坐标差值(LM-LN)加上第二交点的亮度坐标LN得到映射点亮度坐标LP′，具体计算过程具体如下述公式(9-10)。
CP′＝α(CM-CN)+CN           (9)
LP′＝α(LM-LN)+LN           (10)
其中，调节参数的设定值为0到1之间，获取调节参数的信息主要是由视觉评价实验结果得出。具体地，将多组原始色域中的实验对比取样，采用一幅尽可能包含全部色域空间的彩色图，并对其中相同色点进行多参数下的取样分析，在色域外色点与目标色域边界线上的两个交点区间的映射边界线上选取样点，其中，两个交点为上述实施例中所确定的第一交点和第二交点。将这些取样点依次设为P1、P2、P3～PN，通过选取相同映射算法分别对P1、P2、P3～PN进行等明度线上的彩度压缩映射，在根据等明度线上的各点彩度值对各点分析，获取各点的彩度映射结果。再通过上述方式，获取各点的亮度以及色差映射结果。综合分析，选取显示效果最优的映射点，进而获取这个色点的调节参数。通过对原始色域的各个色点调节参数的统计与计算模型对比就能得到最佳的调节参数信息。
一般情况下，色域映射的过程中，目标色域边界并不是平滑的曲线或直线，且目标色域边界的颜色难以通过设备显示。故可将色点映射在色域边界80％～ 90％的新边界线上，新边界线根据实际边界线得出。具体的，如图6所示，图6是图3色域映射方法获取新边界线一实施例示意图，目标色域边界并没有通过边界算法获取边界函数，直接在目标色域边界进行映射会引起较为严重的色彩失真，为了能直接进行色彩映射，可在直接在目标色域内80％～90的边界内设立新边界线；再通过新边界线确定第一交点和第二交点，其中，第一交点为最大亮度中点连线与色点与新边界线的交点，第二交点为边界线最短距离点与色点连线与新边界线的交点。最后，根据预设调节参数、第一交点的坐标位置以及第二交点的坐标位置，确定色点在映射目标色域的边界线上的映射点。具体执行过程请参阅图3～图5实施例的相关文字描述，在此不再赘述。
映射过程结束后，再通过经验公式将映射点的Lab值转化为三刺激值，具体公式如下10～11所示，再经过转化矩阵将三刺激值转化为RGB光学值，最后再由Gamma2.2转化成RGB灰度值输出
Figure PCTCN2017117359-appb-000011
Figure PCTCN2017117359-appb-000012
其中，Xn、Yn、Zn采用默认值分别为95.047，100.0，108.883，L为亮度值，a为红绿色彩值，b为蓝黄色彩值，t为校正参数，f(t)为校正函数。
区别于现有技术，本实施例通过在同一色域空间内确定原始色域的映射目标色域；获取原始色域内的色点的Lab值，再根据Lab值确定所述色点在所述原始色域对应的色调平面内的坐标位置并根据坐标位置判断色点映射目标区域；根据坐标位置判断所述色点是否位于所述映射目标区域外；如果色点位于所述映射目标区域外，确定色点与最大亮度中点连线与映射目标色域边界线的第一交点，以及色点对应映射目标色域边界线的第二交点；最后根据预设调节参数、第一交点的坐标位置以及第二交点的坐标位置，确定色点在映射目标色 域的边界线上的映射点。通过上述方式，使原本映射至同一点的颜色区域的层次得以区分，提升了色彩的细节层次。此外，通过对调节参数的修改还可实现了色差、亮度和彩度之间的最优化。
本发明还提供一种色域映射装置，请参阅图7，图7是本发明色域映射装置一实施例的结构示意图，包括相互电连接的控制器701以及数据采集器702，控制器701用于在同一色域空间内确定原始色域的映射目标色域；其中，映射目标色域的面积小于所述原始色域的面积。
数据采集器702用于获取原始色域内的色点的Lab值，根据Lab值确定色点在原始色域对应的色调平面内的坐标位置；
控制器701还用于根据坐标位置判断色点是否位于映射目标区域外；如果色点位于映射目标区域外，确定色点与最大亮度中点连线与映射目标色域边界线的第一交点，以及色点对应映射目标色域边界线的第二交点，其中，第二交点与色点的连线的长度为色点到目标色域边界线的最短距离；根据预设调节参数、第一交点的坐标位置以及第二交点的坐标位置，确定色点在映射目标色域的边界线上的映射点。
具体执行过程请参阅图3～图6以及任一实施方式的相关文字描述，在此不再赘述。
区别于现有技术，本实施例的色域映射装置通过在同一色域空间内确定原始色域的映射目标色域；获取原始色域内的色点的Lab值，再根据Lab值确定所述色点在所述原始色域对应的色调平面内的坐标位置并根据坐标位置判断色点映射目标区域；根据坐标位置判断所述色点是否位于所述映射目标区域外；如果色点位于所述映射目标区域外，确定色点与最大亮度中点连线与映射目标色域边界线的第一交点，以及色点对应映射目标色域边界线的第二交点；最后根据预设调节参数、第一交点的坐标位置以及第二交点的坐标位置，确定色点在映射目标色域的边界线上的映射点。通过上述方式，使原本映射至同一点的颜色区域的层次得以区分，提升了色彩的细节层次。此外，通过对调节参数的修改还可实现了色差、亮度和彩度之间的最优化。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施方式，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种色域映射方法，其中，包括如下步骤：
    在同一色域空间内确定原始色域的映射目标色域；其中，所述映射目标色域的面积小于所述原始色域的面积；
    获取所述原始色域内的色点的RGB灰度值，根据所述RGB灰度值获取原始色域内的色点的Lab值；
    利用所述原始色域内的色点的Lab值，过所述原始色域内的色点和亮度轴作平面，获取所述色点在所述原始色域对应的色调平面内的彩度坐标、亮度坐标和色调角；
    根据所述色调平面内的彩度坐标、亮度坐标和色调角确定所述色点在所述原始色域对应的色调平面内的坐标位置；
    根据所述坐标位置判断所述色点是否位于所述映射目标区域外；
    如果所述色点位于所述映射目标区域外，确定所述色点与最大亮度中点连线与所述映射目标色域边界线的第一交点，以及所述色点对应所述映射目标色域边界线的第二交点，其中，所述第二交点与所述色点的连线的长度为所述色点到所述目标色域边界线的最短距离；
    分别获取所述第一交点与所述第二交点的坐标位置；其中，所述坐标位置包括亮度坐标和彩度坐标；
    通过调节参数与所述第一交点和所述第二交点的彩度坐标差值加上所述第二交点的彩度坐标得到所述映射点的彩度坐标；
    通过调节参数与所述第一交点和所述第二交点的亮度坐标差值加上所述第二交点的亮度坐标得到所述映射点的亮度坐标。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的色域映射方法，其中，所述调节参数的设定值为0到1之间。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的色域映射方法，其中，所述获取所述原始色域内的色点的RGB灰度值，根据所述RGB灰度值获取原始色域内的色点的Lab值的具体步骤包括：
    获取所述原始色域内的色点的RGB灰度值，将所述原始色域内的色点的RGB灰度值转化为RGB光学值；
    将所述RGB光学值转化成三刺激值；
    将所述三刺激值转化成Lab值，得到原始色域内的色点的Lab值。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的色域映射方法，其中，所述原始色域内的色点的RGB光学值通过转换矩阵转化为所述原始色域内的色点的三刺激值。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的色域映射方法，其中，所述根据所述坐标位置判断所述色点是否位于所述映射目标区域外的步骤具体包括：
    将所述坐标位置与所述映射目标色域的边界线函数做比较，判断所述色点是否位于所述映射目标区域外。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的色域映射方法，其中，所述根据所述坐标位置判断所述色点是否位于所述映射目标区域外之后还包括：
    如果所述色点位于所述映射目标区域内，直接将所述色点的Lab值转化为RGB灰度值输出。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的色域映射方法，其中，所述RGB灰度值和RGB光学值通过Gamma函数实现转换。
  8. 一种色域映射方法，其中，包括如下步骤：
    在同一色域空间内确定原始色域的映射目标色域；其中，所述映射目标色域的面积小于所述原始色域的面积；
    获取所述原始色域内的色点的Lab值，根据所述Lab值确定所述色点在所述原始色域对应的色调平面内的坐标位置；
    根据所述坐标位置判断所述色点是否位于所述映射目标区域外；
    如果所述色点位于所述映射目标区域外，确定所述色点与最大亮度中点连线与所述映射目标色域边界线的第一交点，以及所述色点对应所述映射目标色域边界线的第二交点，其中，所述第二交点与所述色点的连线的长度为所述色点到所述目标色域边界线的最短距离；
    根据预设调节参数、所述第一交点的坐标位置以及所述第二交点的坐标位置，确定所述色点在所述映射目标色域的边界线上的映射点。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的色域映射方法，其中，所述根据预设调节参数、所述第一交点的坐标位置以及所述第二交点的坐标位置，确定所述色点在所述映射目标色域的边界线上的映射点的具体步骤包括：
    分别获取所述第一交点与所述第二交点的坐标位置；其中，所述坐标位置包括亮度坐标和彩度坐标；
    通过调节参数与所述第一交点和所述第二交点的彩度坐标差值加上所述第 二交点的彩度坐标得到所述映射点的彩度坐标；
    通过调节参数与所述第一交点和所述第二交点的亮度坐标差值加上所述第二交点的亮度坐标得到所述映射点的亮度坐标。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的色域映射方法，其中，所述调节参数的设定值为0到1之间。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的色域映射方法，其中，所述获取所述原始色域内的色点的Lab值，根据所述Lab值确定所述色点在所述原始色域对应的色调平面内的坐标位置的具体步骤包括：
    获取所述原始色域内的色点的RGB灰度值，根据所述RGB灰度值获取原始色域内的色点的Lab值；
    利用所述原始色域内的色点的Lab值，过所述原始色域内的色点和亮度轴作平面，获取所述色点在所述原始色域对应的色调平面内的彩度坐标、亮度坐标和色调角；
    根据所述色调平面内的彩度坐标、亮度坐标和色调角确定所述色点在所述原始色域对应的色调平面内的坐标位置。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的色域映射方法，其中，所述获取所述原始色域内的色点的RGB灰度值，根据所述RGB灰度值获取原始色域内的色点的Lab值的具体步骤包括：
    获取所述原始色域内的色点的RGB灰度值，将所述原始色域内的色点的RGB灰度值转化为RGB光学值；
    将所述RGB光学值转化成三刺激值；
    将所述三刺激值转化成Lab值，得到原始色域内的色点的Lab值。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的色域映射方法，其中，所述原始色域内的色点的RGB光学值通过转换矩阵转化为所述原始色域内的色点的三刺激值。
  14. 根据权利要求8所述的色域映射方法，其中，所述根据所述坐标位置判断所述色点是否位于所述映射目标区域外的步骤具体包括：
    将所述坐标位置与所述映射目标色域的边界线函数做比较，判断所述色点是否位于所述映射目标区域外。
  15. 根据权利要求8所述的色域映射方法，其中，所述根据所述坐标位置判断所述色点是否位于所述映射目标区域外之后还包括：
    如果所述色点位于所述映射目标区域内，直接将所述色点的Lab值转化为 RGB灰度值输出。
  16. 根据权利要求8所述的色域映射方法，其中，所述RGB灰度值和RGB光学值通过Gamma函数实现转换。
  17. 一种色域映射装置，其中，所述色域映射装置包括相互电连接的控制器以及数据采集器，
    所述控制器用于在同一色域空间内确定原始色域的映射目标色域；其中，所述映射目标色域的面积小于所述原始色域的面积；
    所述数据采集器用于获取所述原始色域内的色点的Lab值，根据所述Lab值确定所述色点在所述原始色域对应的色调平面内的坐标位置；
    所述控制器还用于根据所述坐标位置判断所述色点是否位于所述映射目标区域外；如果所述色点位于所述映射目标区域外，确定所述色点与最大亮度中点连线与所述映射目标色域边界线的第一交点，以及所述色点对应所述映射目标色域边界线的第二交点，其中，所述第二交点与所述色点的连线的长度为所述色点到所述目标色域边界线的最短距离；根据预设调节参数、所述第一交点的坐标位置以及所述第二交点的坐标位置，确定所述色点在所述映射目标色域的边界线上的映射点。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的色域映射装置，其中，所述数据采集器还用于获取所述原始色域内的色点的RGB灰度值，根据所述RGB灰度值获取原始色域内的色点的Lab值；利用所述原始色域内的色点的Lab值，过所述原始色域内的色点和亮度轴作平面，获取所述色点在所述原始色域对应的色调平面内的彩度坐标、亮度坐标和色调角；根据所述色调平面内的彩度坐标、亮度坐标和色调角确定所述色点在所述原始色域对应的色调平面内的坐标位置。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的色域映射装置，其中，所述控制器用于分别获取所述第一交点与所述第二交点的坐标位置；其中，所述坐标位置包括亮度坐标和彩度坐标；通过调节参数与所述第一交点和所述第二交点的彩度坐标差值加上所述第二交点的彩度坐标得到所述映射点的彩度坐标；通过调节参数与所述第一交点和所述第二交点的亮度坐标差值加上所述第二交点的亮度坐标得到所述映射点的亮度坐标。
  20. 根据权利要求17所述的色域映射装置，其中，所述控制器还用于获取所述原始色域内的色点的RGB灰度值，将所述原始色域内的色点的RGB灰度值转化为RGB光学值；将所述RGB光学值转化成三刺激值；将所述三刺激值转 化成Lab值，得到原始色域内的色点的Lab值。
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