WO2019082447A1 - Antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

This antenna comprises: a substrate; a plurality of standing pieces that are disposed on the substrate and that stand upright with respect to the substrate; and a plurality of antenna elements that are disposed on the plurality of standing pieces.

Description

antenna

The present invention relates to an antenna.
This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-208472 filed on Oct. 27, 2017, and incorporates all the contents described in the aforementioned Japanese application.

In a mobile communication system or the like, transmission of radio waves may be performed by Multiple-Input and Multiple-Output (MIMO) or beam forming (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

International Publication No. 2011/43298

The antenna according to one embodiment includes a substrate, a plurality of upright pieces provided on the substrate, standing up with respect to the substrate, and a plurality of antenna elements provided on the plurality of upright pieces.

FIG. 1 is a plan view of the antenna according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a circuit board. FIG. 3A is an enlarged view showing one standing piece and a portion of the antenna element. FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along the plane BB in FIG. 3A. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view showing a portion of the antenna element in a state in which the standing piece is not standing. FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the phase adjustment circuit. FIG. 7A is a view showing a state in which an antenna according to a comparative example provided with a circuit board on which a plurality of antenna elements are mounted is installed on a horizontal installation surface. FIG. 7B is a view showing a state in which the antenna of the present embodiment is installed on a horizontal installation surface. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing another aspect of the holding member. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing still another aspect of the holding member. FIG. 10A is a plan view of a circuit board of an antenna showing a first modified example of the first embodiment. FIG. 10B is a plan view of a circuit board of the antenna showing a second modified example of the first embodiment. FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a circuit board of an antenna showing a third modification of the first embodiment. FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the phase adjustment circuit in the third modification. FIG. 13A is a plan view of an antenna according to a second embodiment. FIG. 13B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. 13A. FIG. 14A is a plan view of an antenna according to a modification of the second embodiment. FIG. 14B is a cross-sectional view taken along line DD in FIG. 14A. FIG. 15 is a front view of the antenna according to the third embodiment. FIG. 16 is a partial cross-sectional view of the antenna of the third embodiment.

[Problems to be solved by the present disclosure]
In order to realize transmission and reception of radio waves by MIMO and beam forming, an array antenna provided with a plurality of antenna elements is used.
Here, in the case where a plurality of antenna elements are provided in one antenna, it is conceivable to mount the plurality of antenna elements on the mounting surface of one substrate.

However, in this case, the directivity directions of the plurality of antenna elements are mounted uniformly in the same direction.
Therefore, in order to turn the pointing directions of the plurality of antenna elements in a predetermined direction, it is necessary to incline the substrate so that the pointing directions of the plurality of antenna elements become a predetermined setting direction.
For this reason, the installation location as the whole antenna may be restricted, and the problem that an antenna can not be arrange | positioned appropriately may arise.

The present disclosure has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an antenna which enables appropriate arrangement.

[Effect of the present disclosure]
According to the present disclosure, appropriate arrangement is possible.

[Description of the embodiment]
First, the contents of the embodiment will be listed and described.
(1) An antenna according to an embodiment includes a substrate, a plurality of erected pieces provided on the substrate and standing on the substrate, and a plurality of antenna elements provided on the plurality of erected pieces. ing.

According to the antenna of the above configuration, since the plurality of antenna elements are provided on the plurality of rising pieces standing on the substrate, the plurality of antenna elements are adjusted by adjusting the rising angle of the rising pieces regardless of the inclination of the substrate Each pointing direction can be set. As a result, the antenna can be disposed without inclining the substrate according to the pointing directions of the plurality of antenna elements, and the appropriate disposition of the antenna can be achieved without limitation on the installation location as the entire antenna. .

(2) In the antenna, at least two of the first upright pieces adjacent to each other among the plurality of upright pieces are inclined in the same direction, and the width direction of the two first upright pieces on the plate surface of the substrate It is preferable to line up along the crossing direction that intersects.
In the case where two antenna elements adjacent to each other are mounted on the mounting surface of one substrate, it is necessary to incline the entire substrate in order to direct the pointing directions of the two antenna elements to a predetermined direction. When the entire substrate is inclined, if the two first upright pieces are arranged along the inclination, the height of the entire antenna is increased.
On the other hand, according to the antenna configured as described above, since the antenna element is provided on the first erecting piece, by tilting the first erecting piece, the two antenna elements can be obtained without inclining the entire substrate. The pointing direction can be directed to a predetermined direction. For this reason, compared with the case where the whole board | substrate is made to incline, the height of the whole antenna can be comprised comparatively low.

(3) Further, in the antenna, the distance between the base ends of the two first upright pieces in the cross direction is longer than the length from the base end to the tip end of the two first upright pieces. Is preferred.
In this case, it can be suppressed that one of the two first upright pieces shields the antenna element provided on the other first upright piece.

(4) In the above-mentioned antenna, it extends along the width direction of the two first standing pieces, and extends along the crossing direction with two bases connecting the base ends of the two first standing pieces, It is preferable to provide two base connection parts which connect the ends of two base parts.
In this case, the two first upright pieces can be arranged in the cross direction with a simple configuration.

(5) In the antenna, at least two of the plurality of first standing pieces adjacent to each other among the plurality of standing pieces are inclined in the same direction, and are aligned along the width direction of the two first standing pieces. It may be
In this case, the directivity directions of the two antenna elements can be set regardless of the inclination of the substrate.

(6) In the antenna, the substrate extends in the width direction of the two first erecting pieces, and a base to which the base ends of the two first erecting pieces are connected; and in the width direction at the plate surface of the substrate Two extending portions extending from both ends of the base to the inclined side along the intersecting direction in which the two first rising pieces extend, and a tip connecting portion connecting the tips of the two extending portions. May be provided.

(7) In the antenna, it is preferable that the plurality of upright pieces and the substrate be connected via a flexible bending portion.
(8) In this case, the rising angles of the plurality of rising pieces with respect to the substrate may be variable.
(9) In addition, the plurality of erecting pieces may have an erecting angle fixed to a predetermined value with respect to the substrate.
(10) In any case, the distance to the transmission / reception target of the wireless signal may be different for each of the plurality of antenna elements.
For this reason, it is preferable to further include an adjustment unit that adjusts the phase of transmission and reception waves transmitted and received by the plurality of antenna elements.
The adjustment unit can correct an error in relative phase difference between transmission and reception waves in each of the plurality of antenna elements, which is caused by the distance to the transmission and reception target of the wireless signal being different in each of the plurality of antenna elements.

(11) In the above antenna, the plurality of upright pieces are set to a first upright angle and include a first group including the upright pieces inclined in the same direction, and a second upright different from the first upright angle. It is preferable to include a second group including erected pieces set at an angle and inclined in the same direction.
In this case, it is possible to set the inclination angle of the directivity direction of the antenna element with respect to the substrate within the adjustable range of the rising angle while performing beam forming between the antenna elements of the rising pieces of the same group.

(12) In the above antenna, preferably, the plurality of upright pieces are arranged in a matrix and provided on the substrate.
In this case, when setting a group of antenna elements for performing beam forming or MIMO, groups can be easily set between adjacent antenna elements.

(13) In the antenna, the first rising pieces are inclined in a first direction, and the plurality of rising pieces are inclined in a second direction different from the first direction. An upright piece may be included, and in this case, the directivity direction of the antenna element can be set to more directions.

(14) The antenna may further include a plurality of other antenna elements mounted on the substrate.

Details of Embodiment
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments will be described with reference to the drawings.
In addition, at least one part of each embodiment described below may be combined arbitrarily.

[About the first embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of the antenna according to the first embodiment. In FIG. 1, the horizontal direction in the drawing is the X direction, and the vertical direction in the drawing is the Y direction orthogonal to the X direction.
In FIG. 1, the antenna 1 of the present embodiment is used, for example, in a base station apparatus or a terminal apparatus of a mobile communication system. The antenna 1 is an array antenna capable of transmitting radio waves by massive MIMO combining MIMO and beamforming, and a plurality of (16 in the example shown) antenna elements provided on the circuit board 2 and the circuit board 2 It has 3 and.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the circuit board 2.
The circuit board 2 is a flexible board, and is configured to include a dielectric film such as polyimide on which a signal line made of a conductor and a conductor line are formed by printing or the like. As shown in FIG. 2, the circuit board 2 is provided with a plurality of (16 in the illustrated example) rising pieces 5.
The plurality of upright pieces 5 are thin plate-like members formed in a rectangular shape, and are provided side by side in a matrix along the X direction and the Y direction. The plurality of rising pieces 5 are integrally formed with the circuit board 2. Therefore, the plurality of upright pieces 5 are also configured by a flexible substrate including a dielectric film.

Each of the plurality of upright pieces 5 has a rectangular shape along the X direction and the Y direction, and one side of the sides along the X direction is connected to the circuit board 2.
The plurality of upright pieces 5 are inclined with one side connected to the circuit board 2 as a base end, and are erected in the direction of projecting from the one surface 2 a of the circuit board 2. The plurality of erecting pieces 5 extend from the proximal end 5a along one side connected to the circuit board 2 toward the distal end 5b in the Y direction (the direction according to the arrow indicating the Y direction in FIG. 1). It is inclined to move away from
The plurality of upright pieces 5 are inclined in the same direction.
In addition, standing up means the state which has stood in the direction which the standing piece 5 protrudes from the one surface 2a of the circuit board 2, and to stand.

The plurality of antenna elements 3 are provided on the plurality of upright pieces 5. The plurality of antenna elements 3 are provided on the mounting surface 5 c connected to the one surface 2 a of the circuit board 2 in the plurality of upright pieces 5. Therefore, the plurality of antenna elements 3 are arranged in a matrix along the X direction and the Y direction. By transmitting transmission waves from each of the plurality of antenna elements 3, wireless transmission by MIMO and beam forming is realized. Here, the matrix shape means a state in which two or more antenna elements 3 are provided side by side in each of the X direction and the Y direction.

The pitch of the antenna elements 3 (standing pieces 5) adjacent to each other is set in accordance with the wavelength of the transmission wave to be transmitted.
For example, when beamforming may be performed using a plurality of antenna elements 3 arranged along the X direction, the pitch between the antenna elements 3 in the X direction needs to be set smaller than the wavelength of the transmission wave. Similarly, when beamforming is performed using a plurality of antenna elements 3 arranged along the Y direction, the pitch between the antenna elements 3 in the Y direction needs to be set smaller than the wavelength of the transmission wave.
For example, in the case where the wavelength of the transmission wave is 10 mm (frequency is about 28 GHz), if the antenna elements 3 have a square shape with a side of 3 mm, the pitch between the antenna elements 3 (standing pieces 5) adjacent to each other is set to 5 mm.

FIG. 3A is an enlarged view showing a portion of one standing piece 5 and the antenna element 3.
As described above, the rising piece 5 is inclined away from the one surface 2a as it proceeds from the proximal end 5a toward the distal end 5b in the Y direction (the direction according to the arrow indicating the Y direction).
In other words, the rising piece 5 is inclined in the direction in which the straight line extending along the rising piece 5 is orthogonal to the center of the base end 5 a with respect to the center of the base 5 a.
Further, when the directions in which the two rising pieces 5 are compared are compared with each other, a straight line extending along the rising piece 5 is orthogonal to the center of the base end 5a in plan view with respect to the center of the base 5a. If the direction in which it is directed and the positional relationship with respect to the one surface 2a of the tip 5b of the rising piece 5 are the same, the two rising pieces 5 are inclined in the same direction regardless of the rising angle.
That is, the state in which the two rising pieces 5 are inclined in the same direction includes the state in which the rising angles of the two rising pieces 5 are different as well as the state in which the rising angles of the two rising pieces 5 are the same. There is.

The plurality of antenna elements 3 are rectangular conductors, and are elements for radiating radio waves supplied to the antenna 1.
As described above, the antenna element 3 is provided on the mounting surface 5 c of the upright piece 5.
A feed line 3 a extends from the edge of the antenna element 3. The feed line 3 a extends to one surface 2 a of the circuit board 2 and is connected to a signal line (not shown) provided on the circuit board 2.

Further, the back surface layer 8 and the first ground conductor 9 are stacked on the back surface 5 d of the upright piece 5.
The back surface layer 8 and the first ground conductor 9 are each formed in a rectangular shape so as to cover substantially the entire surface of the back surface 5 d of the upright piece 5. Therefore, the back surface layer 8 and the first ground conductor 9 are formed so as to include the range occupied by the antenna element 3 and occupy a wider range than the area occupied by the antenna element 3 when the erected piece 5 is viewed in plan. There is.

FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along the plane BB in FIG. 3A.
The back surface layer 8 is configured by laminating the laminated films 10, 11 and 12.
The second ground conductor 13 is formed between the upright piece 5 and the laminated film 10.
The second ground conductor 13 is electrically connected to the first ground conductor 9 through the through holes 15, 16 and 17 provided in the laminated films 10, 11 and 12.
The second ground conductor 13 extends to the other surface 2 b of the circuit board 2 and is connected to a ground line (not shown) provided on the circuit board 2.

The laminated films 10, 11, 12 are made of, for example, a dielectric film such as polyimide.
The first ground conductor 9 is formed on the laminated film 12 by printing or the like. The second ground conductor 13 is formed on the back surface 5 d of the upright piece 5 by printing or the like. The antenna element 3 is formed on the mounting surface 5 c of the rising piece 5 by printing or the like.

The upright piece 5 on which the antenna element 3 is mounted on the mounting surface 5c is formed of a dielectric film as in the case of the back surface layer 8. Therefore, the rising piece 5 and the back surface layer 8 constitute a dielectric layer interposed between the antenna element 3 and the first ground conductor 9.
Thus, the antenna element 3, the rising piece 5, the back surface layer 8 and the first ground conductor 9 constitute a microstrip antenna.
The thickness of the dielectric layer formed of the rising piece 5 and the back surface layer 8 is set in accordance with the frequency bandwidth of the transmission wave. The thickness of the dielectric layer is adjusted by the thickness and the number of laminated films 10, 11, 12.

Although the microstrip antenna in the present embodiment is configured by a linearly polarized antenna, it may be configured by a polarized and shared antenna such as a vertically polarized and horizontally polarized shared antenna.

An opening 20 is formed in the circuit board 2 at a position corresponding to each of the plurality of upright pieces 5.
The opening 20 has a rectangular shape and is formed larger than the outer shape of the upright piece 5. The rising piece 5 extends from one of the four inner side surfaces of the opening 20 in the inward direction of the opening 20 and stands up.
That is, the rising piece 5 is formed of a protruding portion formed on one of the inner side surfaces of the opening 20 and protruding in the inward direction of the opening 20 from the circuit board 2. The standup piece 5 stands up by bending between the circuit board 2 and the standup piece 5.

Therefore, the standing piece 5 and the circuit board 2 are connected via the bending part 19 as shown to FIG. 3B. The bent portion 19 is integrally formed on the upright piece 5 and the circuit board 2 and includes a dielectric film. Therefore, the bending portion 19 flexibly connects the upright piece 5 and the circuit board 2.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view showing a portion of the antenna element 3 in a state in which the rising piece 5 is not raised.
In a state in which the rising pieces 5 are not raised relative to the circuit board 2, the space between the rising pieces 5 and the circuit board 2 is not bent, and the mounting surface 5 c of the rising pieces 5 and one surface of the circuit board 2 It is flush with 2a.
Further, as shown in FIG. 4, in the state in which the rising piece 5 is not raised, the opening 20 is in a concaved state when viewed in plan due to the presence of the rising piece 5.

The standing pieces 5 are integrally formed with the circuit board 2 and are formed as follows. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, an opening having a concave shape in a plan view is cut out and formed on the material of the flat circuit board 2. Thereby, the standing piece 5 in the state which is not standing up, and the opening 20 can be formed in the circuit board 2. Thereafter, the bent portion 19 is formed by bending between the rising pieces 5 and the circuit board 2, and the rising pieces 5 are made to rise.
As described above, the upstanding pieces 5 and the openings 20 are formed in the circuit board 2.

The standing pieces 5 are formed by cutting out the material of the flat circuit board 2 as described above, and are provided in a matrix along the X direction and the Y direction. Therefore, the distance between the base ends 5a of the upright pieces 5 adjacent to each other in the Y direction is longer than the length from the base end 5a to the tip end 5b of the upright pieces 5.

Thereby, in the plate surface of the circuit board 2 (one surface 2a), an interval between the base end portions 5a of the rising pieces 5 adjacent to each other in the Y direction which is a crossing direction crossing the width direction of the rising pieces 5 is appropriately secured. It is possible to suppress that one of the base end portions 5a of the upright pieces 5 adjacent to each other in the Y direction shields the antenna element 3 provided on the other upright piece 5.
The width direction of the rising piece 5 is a direction orthogonal to the direction in which the rising piece 5 is inclined, and is the X direction in FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, the antenna 1 is provided with a circuit board 2 which is a flexible board and a holding member 25 for holding the upright piece 5.
The holding member 25 is a plate-like member made of resin or the like, and includes a plate-like main portion 26 that abuts on the other surface 2 b of the circuit board 2. The main body portion 26 is formed with a plurality of protrusions 27. As shown in FIG. 5, the circuit board 2 is disposed on the upper surface 26 a of the main body portion 26.

The plurality of protrusions 27 are formed corresponding to the openings 20 formed in the circuit board 2.
As shown in FIG. 5, the plurality of rising pieces 5 are held by the plurality of protrusions 27 so as to stand on one surface 2 a of the circuit board 2.

As shown in FIG. 5, the cross-sectional shape of the protrusion 27 in the Y direction is formed in a substantially triangular shape in cross section in accordance with the inclination of the rising piece 5. The inclined surface 27 a of the protrusion 27 is in contact with the first ground conductor 9 stacked on the rising piece 5.
Therefore, the rising angles D of the plurality of rising pieces 5 with respect to the one surface 2 a are set by the inclination angle of the inclined surface 27 a of the protrusion 27. In the present embodiment, the inclination angles of the inclined surfaces 27 a of the plurality of protrusions 27 are set to be the same as predetermined values set in advance.
Thus, the rising angles D of the plurality of rising pieces 5 are fixed at predetermined values set in advance.

The inclined surface 27a only needs to be in contact with at least the first ground conductor 9 to hold the rising piece 5, and the outline of the inclined surface 27a in plan view corresponds to the shape of the rising piece 5 The shape may be rectangular, or may be other than rectangular.
The protrusions 27 may not be triangular in cross section as long as they can be held in a state where the upright pieces 5 stand up.

As described above, the holding member 25 arranges the circuit board 2 on the upper surface 26 a, and holds the antenna 1 in a state where the respective upright pieces 5 are erected by the protrusions 27.

As shown in FIG. 1, the antenna 1 further includes a phase adjustment circuit 30 for adjusting the phase of the transmission wave supplied to the antenna 1.
FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the phase adjustment circuit 30. As shown in FIG.
The phase adjustment circuit 30 is provided with a plurality of transmission signals corresponding to the plurality of antenna elements 3. The plurality of transmission signals supplied to the phase adjustment circuit 30 are phase-adjusted in advance. Thereby, the relative phase difference between the plurality of transmission signals is set as the phase difference set in advance. For example, when beamforming is performed between the plurality of antenna elements 3, the phase difference between the plurality of transmission signals is that when the plurality of transmission signals are radiated from the antenna under the same conditions and timing, the desired beam The phase difference is set in advance so as to obtain.

The phase adjustment circuit 30 performs phase adjustment on a plurality of given transmission signals, and applies the plurality of phase-adjusted transmission signals to the plurality of antenna elements 3.
The phase adjustment circuit 30 includes a phase shifter 31 corresponding to each antenna element 3. Each phase shifter 31 is constituted by a delay path or the like, and corrects an error caused in a relative phase difference set in advance between transmission signals given to each antenna element 3.

Here, it is assumed that the directivity direction as a single microstrip antenna including the antenna element 3 is the normal direction of the antenna element 3.
In the antenna 1 of the present embodiment, since each rising piece 5 stands up to the circuit board 2, the pointing direction of each antenna element 3 (microstrip antenna) is inclined to one surface 2a of the circuit board 2 ing.
Therefore, when the antenna elements 3 arranged in the Y direction in FIG. 1 have their directivity directions directed to the direction of the transmission object of the transmission wave, the distances to the transmission object are different from each other. For example, among the plurality of antenna elements 3 arranged in the Y direction in FIG. 1, the antenna element 3 located at the lowermost position on the sheet is located closer to the transmission target than the antenna element 3 located on the upper side. It becomes.

Therefore, an error may occur in the relative phase difference between the transmission waves radiated from the plurality of antenna elements 3 arranged in the Y direction with respect to the relative phase difference set in advance between the transmission waves.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the phase shifter 31 provided corresponding to each antenna element 3 is set to correct an error generated in the relative phase difference between the transmission waves radiated by the plurality of antenna elements 3. .
As a result, it is possible to cause the antenna elements 3 to radiate a transmission signal having a preset relative phase difference.

According to the antenna 1 of the present embodiment configured as described above, since the plurality of antenna elements 3 are provided on the plurality of rising pieces 5 standing up with respect to the circuit board 2, regardless of the inclination of the circuit board 2, By adjusting the rising angle of the rising piece 5, the directivity direction of each of the plurality of antenna elements 3 can be set. As a result, the antenna 1 can be disposed without tilting the circuit board 2 according to the direction of orientation of the plurality of antenna elements 3, and the installation location of the antenna 1 as a whole is not limited. Placement is possible.

Further, in the antenna 1 of the present embodiment, the plurality of rising pieces 5 provided with the antenna element 3 are inclined in the same direction and arranged in a matrix in the circuit board 2. That is, the plurality of rising pieces 5 are inclined in the same direction, and in the cross direction (Y direction) intersecting the width direction of the rising pieces 5 and the width direction of the rising pieces 5 on the plate surface (one surface 2a) of the circuit board 2 Are provided side by side.
Thereby, as described later, when setting a group of antenna elements 3 for performing beamforming or MIMO, groups can be easily set between antenna elements 3 adjacent to each other.

When all the antenna elements 3 provided on the plurality of upstanding pieces 5 are fixedly mounted on the one surface 2 a of the circuit board 2, the circuit board 2 is required to turn the directivity direction of each antenna element 3 in a predetermined direction. You need to tilt the whole. If the entire circuit board 2 is inclined, the height (thickness) of the entire antenna 1 increases in accordance with the length of the circuit board 2.

FIG. 7A is a diagram showing an antenna according to a comparative example provided with a circuit board on which a plurality of antenna elements are mounted, installed on a horizontal installation surface, and FIG. 7B is a diagram showing a plurality of antenna elements 3 mounted It is a figure which shows the state which installed the antenna 1 of this embodiment provided with the circuit board 2 in the horizontal installation surface.

In FIG. 7A, the circuit board 102 is inclined in order to turn the directivity direction (arrows in the drawing) of each antenna element 100 in a predetermined direction (obliquely upward with respect to the installation surface G). The antenna elements 100 are arranged along the inclination of the circuit board 102.
As shown in FIG. 7A, when the antenna element 100 is mounted on the mounting surface 101 of the circuit board, the antenna is installed on the horizontal installation surface G, and the directivity direction of each antenna element 100 is directed to a predetermined direction. The circuit board 102 has to be inclined, and the maximum height h 1 from the mounting surface G of the circuit board 102 becomes high according to the inclination angle of the circuit board 102.

On the other hand, according to the antenna 1 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7B, since the antenna element 3 is provided on the rising piece 5, tilting the rising piece 5 causes the entire circuit board 2 to be tilted. Instead, the pointing direction of the antenna element 3 (arrows in the drawing) can be directed to a predetermined direction. For this reason, the maximum height h2 from the installation location B of the circuit board 2 on which the rising pieces 5 are provided is at the maximum a length of one rising piece 5. As described above, in the antenna 1 of the present embodiment, the height of the entire antenna can be configured to be relatively low compared to the case where the entire circuit board 2 is inclined.

In the above embodiment, the case where the circuit board 2 is disposed on the holding member 25 having the projection 27 is illustrated. However, the circuit board 2 may be held by other aspects.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing another aspect of the holding member 25. As shown in FIG.
The holding member 25 shown in FIG. 8 includes a plate-like main body portion 41 that contacts the one surface 2 a of the circuit board 2. The main body portion 41 is formed with a plurality of housing portions 42 for housing the plurality of upright pieces 5.

A plurality of housing portions 42 are formed in the main body portion 41 corresponding to the plurality of upright pieces 5 formed on the circuit board 2. In addition to the case where the housing portion 42 is formed corresponding to each of the plurality of upright pieces 5, the plurality of upright pieces 5 aligned along the X direction can be formed by being extended along the X direction. May be configured to be accommodated.

The housing portion 42 is formed so as to be recessed from the contact surface 41 a of the main body portion 41 in contact with the circuit board 2 in the direction in which the rising piece 5 stands up. Inside the housing portion 42, the upright piece 5 provided with the antenna element 3, the back surface layer 8, and the first ground conductor 9 is housed.
The accommodation portion 42 holds and accommodates the rising piece 5 so that the rising angle of the rising piece 5 becomes a predetermined value set in advance. The housing portion 42 holds the upright piece 5 by bringing the inner wall 42 a into contact with the antenna element 3 and the first ground conductor 9.

The holding member 25 of FIG. 8 brings the main body portion 41 into contact with the one surface 2 a of the circuit board 2, and accommodates the upright piece 5 provided with the antenna element 3, the back surface layer 8 and the first ground conductor 9 in the housing portion By doing this, the antenna 1 is held in a state in which each upright piece 5 stands up.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing still another aspect of the holding member 25. As shown in FIG.
The holding member 25 shown in FIG. 9 includes a housing 45 in which the circuit board 2 is disposed, and a projection member 46 disposed inside the housing 45 and provided with a plurality of projections 51 for holding the upright pieces 5. There is.
The holding member 25 of this embodiment has a configuration for moving the projecting member 46 to make the rising angle of the rising piece 5 variable.

The housing 45 is a box made of resin or the like. The circuit board 2 is disposed on the upper plate portion 47 of the housing 45. Further, the upper plate portion 47 is formed with a plurality of openings 48 corresponding to the openings 20 of the circuit board 2.

The projecting member 46 is fixed to the inside of the housing 45 and includes a plate-like main body 50. A plurality of protrusions 51 are formed in the main body 50 corresponding to the openings 20.
The projecting member 46 is fixed to the bottom plate portion 56 of the housing 45 via an actuator 55 provided in the housing 45.
The actuator 55 supports the projecting member 46 so as to be movable in parallel to the upper plate portion 47, and causes the projecting member 46 to approach or separate from the upper plate portion 47.
The protrusion 51 of the protrusion member 46 is in contact with the first ground conductor 9 which protrudes from the upper plate portion 47 and is stacked on the rising piece 5. Thereby, the protrusion 51 holds the rising piece 5 so that the rising angle of the rising piece 5 becomes a predetermined value.

The amount of protrusion with respect to the upper plate portion 47 of the protrusion 51 is made variable by the parallel movement of the protrusion member 46. Therefore, the rising angle of the rising piece 5 is variable.
The actuator 55 is controlled by a control unit (not shown). The control unit stores information indicating the relationship between the rising angle of the rising piece 5 and the amount of expansion and contraction of the actuator 55. The control unit controls the amount of expansion and contraction of the actuator 55 according to the value of the elevation angle given from the outside by the operator or the like, with reference to the information indicating the relationship between the elevation angle and the amount of expansion and contraction. Thereby, the rising angle of the rising piece 5 is made variable, and the rising angle can be set dynamically.

Thus, the holding member 25 of this example arranges the circuit board 2 on the upper plate portion 47, and holds the antenna 1 in a state in which the rising angle of the rising piece 5 is variable.
In the case of this example, when the rising angle of the rising pieces 5 is changed, a shift also occurs in the position of each of the antenna elements 3 provided on each rising piece 5 with respect to the transmission target. For this reason, the error which arises in the relative phase difference of the transmission waves which the several antenna element 3 radiates changes.

Therefore, when the holding member 25 capable of changing the rising angle of the rising piece 5 shown in FIG. 9 is used, each phase shifter 31 (FIG. 6) of the phase adjustment circuit 30 is configured by a variable phase shifter.
Each phase shifter 31 configured by a variable phase shifter is controlled by a controller that controls an actuator 55. The control unit stores information indicating the relationship between the rising angle and the phase adjustment amount of each phase shifter 31. The control unit controls the phase adjustment amount of each of the phase shifters 31 according to the value of the elevation angle given from the outside by the operator or the like, with reference to the information indicating the relationship between the elevation angle and the phase adjustment amount. Thereby, an error generated in the relative phase difference between the transmission waves radiated by the plurality of antenna elements 3 can be appropriately corrected according to the rising angle of the rising piece 5.

[Regarding Modification of First Embodiment]
FIG. 10A is a plan view of a circuit board 2 of the antenna 1 showing a first modification of the first embodiment.
The circuit board 2 shown in FIG. 10A is different from the first embodiment in that only two standing pieces 5 adjacent to each other along the Y direction are provided side by side.

The circuit board 2 of this modification extends along the width direction of the two standing pieces 5, and the two base portions 60 to which the base ends 5a of the two standing pieces 5 are connected, and the plate surface (one surface 2a) of the circuit board 2 And two base connecting portions 61 extending along a cross direction (Y direction) intersecting with the X direction and connecting the ends of the two base portions 60.

Moreover, the circuit board 2 of this modification is extended along the Y direction from the both ends of the base 60 located between two standing pieces 5 to the side where the standing pieces 5 connected to the base 60 are inclined. It further includes two extension parts 62 and a tip connection part 63 connecting the tips 62 a of the two extension parts 62.

The two base portions 60 and the two base connection portions 61 constitute an opening 20 corresponding to the upstanding piece 5 on the lower side of the drawing in FIG. 10A.
Moreover, the base 60 located between the two standing pieces 5, the two extension parts 62, and the tip end connecting part 63 constitute an opening 20 corresponding to the standing piece 5 on the upper side of the drawing in FIG. 10A. .

In the first modification, since the base connecting portion 61 connecting the ends of the two bases 60 to which the rising pieces 5 are connected is provided, the two rising pieces 5 are provided side by side along the cross direction with a simple configuration. Can.

FIG. 10B is a plan view of the circuit board 2 of the antenna 1 showing a second modified example of the first embodiment.
The circuit board 2 shown in FIG. 10B is different from the first embodiment in that only two standing pieces 5 adjacent to each other are arranged side by side along the X direction.

The circuit board 2 of this modification extends along the X direction, and the base 60 to which the base ends 5a of the two upright pieces 5 are connected together, and along the Y direction, the two upright pieces 5 from both ends of the base 60 It includes two extending portions 62 extending to the inclined side, and a tip connecting portion 63 connecting the tips 62 a of the two extending portions 62 with each other.
Further, the circuit board 2 of the present modification further includes a central connecting portion 65 provided between the two upright pieces 5 and connecting the central portion of the base 60 and the central portion of the distal end connecting portion 63. .

The base 60, the extension portion 62, the tip connection portion 63, and the center connection portion 65 in the present modification form two openings 20 corresponding to the two upright pieces 5 respectively.
The two openings 20 corresponding to the two upright pieces 5 may be connected to one. Therefore, the central connecting portion 65 may be omitted, and one opening corresponding to the two upright pieces 5 may be configured by the base 60, the extending portion 62, and the distal end connecting portion 63.

As shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, the circuit board 2 of both variants includes, as members extending along the X direction, a base 60 to which the rising pieces 5 are connected and a tip connecting portion 63 to which the rising pieces 5 are not connected. Including.

Here, the first modification and the second modification have a function as an antenna if the circuit board 2 includes the base 60 to which the rising pieces 5 are connected.
However, for example, in the case where two upright pieces 5 are provided side by side along the X direction and the circuit board 2 is configured only by the base 60, when the circuit board 2 is to be arranged on a plane, Since the piece 5 is supported on a plane, there is a possibility that the circuit board 2 can not be stably arranged on the plane.

In this point, since the circuit board 2 of both the above-mentioned modifications includes the end connecting portion 63 to which the rising pieces 5 are not connected and the extending portions 62 extending from both ends of the end connecting portion 63, the circuit board 2 is planarized. In the case where the standup piece 5 is arranged on the flat 60, the standup piece 5 can be supported on the plane by the tip connection part 63 and the extension part 62, and the circuit board 2 can be stably arranged on the plane. .

The circuit boards 2 of the first and second modified examples show the minimum configuration of the combination of the plurality of rising pieces 5. Therefore, the circuit board 2 (FIG. 1) of the first embodiment including sixteen upstanding pieces 5 is configured by a combination of the circuit boards 2 of the first modification and the second modification. In other words, the circuit board 2 of the first embodiment includes the configuration of the circuit board 2 shown in the first modification and the second modification.
Therefore, the circuit board 2 (FIG. 1) of the first embodiment is configured by the base 60, the base connecting portion 61, the extending portion 62, the tip connecting portion 63, and the central connecting portion 65.

In the first embodiment and each modification, the rising angles of the rising pieces 5 may be set to the same value for all the rising pieces 5 or may be set to different values for each rising piece 5.
Furthermore, the rising angles of the rising pieces 5 may be set for each of the plurality of rising pieces 5 set in advance. For example, in the circuit board 2 of FIG. 1, by setting four standing pieces 5 aligned in the X direction as one group, four groups are set, and setting is made such that the four groups have different rising angles. Can.
In other words, the plurality of rising pieces 5 are set to the first rising angle and include the rising pieces inclined in the same direction, and the second rising angle different from the first rising angle to each other. And a second group including upright pieces inclined in the same direction.

In this case, while performing beamforming with the antenna elements 3 of the rising pieces 5 of the same group, the inclination angle of the pointing direction of the antenna elements 3 (the beam direction by beamforming) with respect to the circuit board 2 can be adjusted in the adjustable range of the rising angle. It can be set.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9, even when the rising angles of the rising pieces 5 can be varied, the rising pieces 5 may all be variable so as to have the same value. It may be made variable so that it can be set to different standing angles. Further, the plurality of upright pieces 5 may be variable so that they can be set to different elevation angles for each group set in advance.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the circuit board 2 of the antenna 1 showing a third modification of the first embodiment.
The circuit board 2 of the antenna 1 of this modification is different from that of the first embodiment in that the antenna elements 3 arranged in the X direction are provided on one erecting piece 5.

The rising piece 5 of this modification is formed to be long in the X direction, and four antenna elements 3 are mounted on the mounting surface 5c. Therefore, the standing pieces 5 cover substantially the entire width of the circuit board 2 in the X direction.
Further, the back surface layer 8 provided on the back surface 5 d of the rising piece 5 is also formed to be long in the X direction corresponding to the rising piece 5. Note that four first ground conductors 9 are stacked corresponding to each of the four antenna elements 3.

In this modification, the number of the rising pieces 5 can be reduced while the number of the same antenna elements 3 is the same, so the configuration can be simplified. In addition, since the number of erecting pieces 5 to which the erecting angle is to be set can be reduced, it is possible to simplify the setting of the erecting angle and the setting of beam forming and MIMO associated therewith.

In this modification, the plurality of antenna elements 3 are divided into four groups by being provided on the same standing piece 5. One group includes four antenna elements 3 provided on the same standing piece 5. Since the antenna elements 3 of the same group are always set to the same standing angle, beam forming can be performed.
Further, if the rising angles of the rising pieces 5 are set to be different for each group, the inclination angles of the beam directions of the four groups with respect to the circuit board 2 can be set to be different for each group.
When performing MIMO in units of four groups, the pitch of the antenna elements 3 adjacent to each other in the Y direction can be set larger than the wavelength of the transmission wave.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the phase adjustment circuit 30 in the present modification.
In phase adjustment circuit 30 of this modification, four transmission signals of transmission signals 1, 2, 3 and 4 corresponding to each group are given, and an error occurring in the phase of the transmission wave due to the arrangement of each antenna element 3 In addition to the function of correcting, it also has a function of performing phase adjustment for beamforming performed in each group.
Therefore, in this modification, MIMO can be performed by the transmission signals 1, 2, 3, 4 corresponding to each group while performing beamforming for each group.

As shown in FIG. 12, the phase adjustment circuit 30 of the present modification includes a first phase adjustment unit 30a, a second phase adjustment unit 30b, a third phase adjustment unit 30c, and a fourth phase adjustment unit 30d. ing.
Each of the phase adjustment units 30a, 30b, 30c, and 30d corresponds to four groups, and includes four phase shifters 31 connected to four antenna elements 3 included in the group.
Transmission signals 1, 2, 3 and 4 corresponding to the respective groups are given to the respective phase adjustment units 30a, 30b, 30c and 30d.

The transmission signal 1 is given to the first phase adjustment unit 30a. The transmission signal 1 given to the first phase adjustment unit 30 a is distributed to the four phase shifters 31.
The four phase shifters 31 adjust the relative phases of the distributed transmission signals 1 and cause the four antenna elements 3 forming a group corresponding to the first phase adjustment unit 30a to form beams. Thus, the four antenna elements 3 forming a group corresponding to the first phase adjustment unit 30a perform beamforming. The second phase adjustment unit 30b, the third phase adjustment unit 30c, and the fourth phase adjustment unit 30d have the same configuration as that of the first phase adjustment unit 30a.

Furthermore, the phase shifter 31 included in each of the phase adjustment units 30a, 30b, 30c, and 30d adjusts the phase so that an error caused in the phase due to the arrangement of the antenna elements 3 is also corrected.

Also in the present modification, the phase shifter 31 may be configured by a variable phase shifter. In this case, the phase adjustment amount of each phase shifter 31 is controlled based on an instruction given from the outside. Thus, the beams formed by each of the four groups are controlled from the outside.

[About the second embodiment]
13A is a plan view of the antenna 1 according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 13B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. 13A.
As shown in FIG. 13A, the antenna 1 of the present embodiment is provided with 64 antenna elements 3, and the first embodiment is that the 64 rising pieces 5 include rising pieces 5 inclined in different directions. It is different from the form.

The antenna 1 of the present embodiment is, for example, an antenna mounted on the upper surface of a vehicle or the like provided with a terminal device of a mobile communication system. The holding member 25 of the antenna 1 is installed and fixed substantially horizontally on the roof or the like of the vehicle.
The circuit board 2 of the antenna 1 of the present embodiment has four mounting areas extending from the substantially square central region 70 where the antenna element 3 is not disposed and each side 70 a of the central region 70 and provided with the antenna element 3. And 71. The central area 70 and the four mounting areas 71 are integrally formed by one flexible substrate.
In the central region 70, a phase adjustment circuit 30 is provided.

The four mounting areas 71 each include 16 antenna elements 3.
Each mounting area 71 has the same configuration as the circuit board 2 of the first embodiment. That is, in each mounting area 71, sixteen standing pieces 5 which are inclined in the same direction and are arranged in a matrix are provided. Further, the antenna element 3, the back surface layer 8, and the first ground conductor 9 are provided on each rising piece 5.

The base end 5a of the rising piece 5 is substantially parallel to the side 70a of the central area 70 to which the mounting area 71 in which the rising piece 5 is provided is connected.
Further, the rising pieces 5 are provided such that the direction in which the rising pieces 5 are inclined in a plan view face the central region 70 side. That is, the 64 upright pieces 5 include the upright pieces 5 inclined in four different directions, for each mounting area 71.
Thereby, the standing pieces 5 are provided so that the antenna element 3 faces the outside direction opposite to the direction on the central region 70 side.

Therefore, the directivity direction of the antenna element 3 is directed to four directions at 90 ° intervals in the horizontal plane centering on the central region 70 and obliquely upward in the vertical plane.
As described above, in the present embodiment, since the plurality of upright pieces 5 includes the upright pieces 5 inclined in four different directions, the directivity directions of the antenna element 3 can be set in multiple directions.

In the case of the present embodiment, the directivity direction of the antenna element 3 is directed to four directions at intervals of 90 degrees in the horizontal plane. Therefore, in the horizontal plane, communication can be performed in almost all directions as viewed from central region 70 (vehicle). Furthermore, in the horizontal plane, beam forming can be performed between the antenna elements 3 provided in the same mounting area 71 and adjacent to each other, so that the beam can be directed toward the base station apparatus. High gain can be obtained.

Also, in the vertical plane, tilt angle control is possible by appropriately setting the rising angle of the rising piece 5, and the directivity of the antenna element 3 in an appropriate direction according to the communication environment such as the direction of the base station apparatus. Can be set. As a result, higher gain can be obtained.

Also in the antenna 1 of the present embodiment, it is possible to orient the pointing direction of each antenna element 3 in a predetermined direction without inclining the entire circuit board 2 by inclining the upright pieces 5. For this reason, even if many antenna elements 3 are provided, the height of the entire antenna 1 can be reduced.

FIG. 14A is a plan view of an antenna 1 according to a modification of the second embodiment, and FIG. 14B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD in FIG. 14A.
As shown to FIG. 14A, the antenna 1 of this modification is the point which equips the center area | region 70 with the antenna element 75 mounted in the upward direction, and between the mounting area 71 adjacent to each other. This embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that a triangular intermediate region 76 is provided.

Similar to the antenna elements 3 in the mounting area 71, sixteen antenna elements 75 are mounted in a matrix. Like the antenna element 3 in the mounting area 71, the antenna element 75 constitutes a microstrip antenna together with the circuit board 2, the dielectric layer (not shown) and the ground conductor.

As described above, by providing the antenna element 75 whose directivity direction is upward in the central region 70 as a part other than the rising piece 5, transmission directed right above the antenna 1 can be performed. By setting the rising angle appropriately, it is possible to interpolate the signal transmission in the vertical plane in which the tilt angle can be controlled.

Although the case where the antenna element 75 constituting the microstrip antenna is provided in the central region 70 is shown in the present embodiment, for example, an antenna element constituting another antenna such as a dipole antenna may be provided.

The middle area 76 is integrally formed by one flexible substrate together with the central area 70 and the four mounting areas 71. Therefore, the external shape of the circuit board 2 of the present embodiment in plan view is octagonal.
In the present embodiment, the phase adjustment circuit 30 is provided in one of the intermediate regions 76.

The middle area 76 is formed to connect the sides of the mounting areas 71 adjacent to each other. As a result, it is possible to eliminate sharp portions and protruding portions in the outer shape of the circuit board 2 as much as possible, and as a result, the rigidity of the circuit board 2 can be enhanced.

Further, in the present embodiment, the plurality of upright pieces 5 can be divided into four groups for each mounting area 71. That is, in the present embodiment, the plurality of rising pieces 5 is set to the first rising angle and includes the first group including the rising pieces inclined in the same direction, and the second rising angle different from the first rising angle. And a second group including upright pieces inclined in the same direction as each other.
When the plurality of rising pieces 5 are divided into groups as described above, the plurality of rising pieces 5 may be set to have different rising angles in each of the four groups.

About the third embodiment
FIG. 15 is a front view of the antenna 1 according to the third embodiment.
In the antenna 1 of the present embodiment, 64 standing pieces 5 and antenna elements 3 are arranged in a matrix along the X and Y directions, and the Y direction is parallel to the vertical direction. Are different from the second embodiment in that they are arranged vertically.

The antenna 1 of the third embodiment is an antenna mainly used for a base station apparatus, and is installed at a relatively high position. For this reason, in the antenna 1 (the circuit board 2), the circuit board 2 is vertically disposed so that each antenna element 3 is directed obliquely downward.

FIG. 16 is a partial cross-sectional view of the antenna 1 of the third embodiment.
In the present embodiment, as in FIG. 9, the holding member 25 includes an actuator 55 that supports the projection member 46 so as to be movable in parallel, and the rising angle of the rising piece 5 is variable.

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, since the circuit board 2 is vertical, the rising piece 5 may tilt downward due to its own weight and the weight of the antenna element 3 and the back surface layer 8 and may not hold the rising angle at a predetermined value. .
For this reason, the bracket 58 which protrudes to the back surface side of the said standing piece 5 is provided in the standing piece 5 of this embodiment.
The bracket 58 is swingably connected to the tip of a projection 51 provided on the projection member 46.
As a result, it is possible to prevent the rising piece 5 from being tilted downward by its own weight and the weight of the antenna element 3 and the back surface layer 8, and to hold the rising angle at a predetermined value.

[Others]
It should be understood that the embodiments disclosed herein are illustrative and non-restrictive in every respect.
In each of the above embodiments, the antenna 1 for transmitting the radio wave is illustrated, but it can also be configured as an antenna for receiving the radio wave.
Moreover, although the case where the dielectric material layer was comprised by laminating | stacking laminated | multilayer film 10,11,12 which consists of a dielectric film on the back surface 5d of the standing piece 5 was illustrated in said each embodiment, the back surface of the standing piece 5 was illustrated. A dielectric film may be stacked on the mounting surface 5c in addition to 5d, and the antenna element 3 may be provided on the top surface of the dielectric film on the mounting surface 5c side.

The first embodiment exemplifies a case where the phase adjustment circuit 30 has a function of correcting an error caused in the phase of the transmission wave due to the arrangement of the antenna elements 3, and the third modification of the first embodiment. In this example, in addition to the function of correcting the error that occurs in the phase of the transmission wave due to the arrangement of each antenna element 3, there is illustrated the case of the function of performing phase adjustment for beamforming performed in each group. did.
As shown in these embodiments, the phase adjustment circuit 30 may be configured to have only a function of correcting an error generated in the phase of the transmission wave due to the arrangement of the antenna elements 3 or each antenna In addition to the function of correcting an error that occurs in the phase of the transmission wave due to the arrangement of the elements 3, the function may also be configured to perform the phase adjustment for beamforming performed in each group.

The scope of the present invention is shown by the scope of the claims, not the meaning described above, and is intended to include the meanings equivalent to the scope of the claims and all modifications within the scope.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 antenna 2 circuit board 2a whole surface 2b other surface 3 antenna element 3a feeder 5 erected piece 5a base end part 5b tip 5c mounting surface 5d back surface 8 back surface layer 9 1st ground conductor 10, 11, 12 laminated film 13 2nd ground Conductor 15, 16 and 17 through hole 19 bent portion 20 opening 25 holding member 26 main portion 26a upper surface 27 protrusion 27 a inclined surface 30 phase adjustment circuit 31 phase shifter 41 main portion 41 a contact surface 42 housing portion 42 a inner wall 45 housing 46 Protrusion member 47 Upper plate portion 48 Opening 50 Body portion 51 Protrusion 55 Actuator 56 Bottom plate portion 58 Bracket 60 Base portion 61 Base connection portion 62 Stretch portion 62a Tip portion 63 Tip connection portion 65 Central connection portion 70 Central area 70a Side 71 Mounting area 75 Antenna element 76 middle area 100 antenna element 101 Somen 102 circuit board

Claims (14)

1. A substrate,
   A plurality of standing pieces provided on the substrate and standing on the substrate;
   A plurality of antenna elements provided on the plurality of standing pieces;
   An antenna equipped with
2. At least two first rising pieces adjacent to each other among the plurality of rising pieces are inclined in the same direction, and in an intersecting direction crossing the width direction of the two first rising pieces on the plate surface of the substrate. The antenna according to claim 1 arranged side by side.
3. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein a distance between proximal ends of the two first upright pieces in the cross direction is longer than a length from the proximal end to the distal end of the two first upright pieces.
4. The substrate is
   Two base portions extending along the width direction of the two first upright pieces and connecting the proximal ends of the two first upright pieces to each other;
   Two base connections extending along the cross direction and connecting the ends of the two bases;
   The antenna of claim 3 comprising:
5. The at least two first upright pieces adjacent to each other among the plurality of upright pieces are inclined in the same direction, and are aligned along the width direction of the two first upright pieces. antenna.
6. The substrate is
   A base portion which extends in the width direction of the two first upright pieces and to which base ends of the two first upright pieces are connected;
   Two extending portions extending from both ends of the base to the inclined side along the intersecting direction intersecting the width direction on the plate surface of the substrate;
   A distal end connecting portion connecting the distal ends of the two extending portions;
   The antenna according to claim 5, comprising:
7. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the plurality of upright pieces and the substrate are connected via a flexible bending portion.
8. The antenna according to claim 7, wherein the plurality of rising pieces have a variable rising angle with respect to the substrate.
9. The antenna according to claim 7, wherein an elevation angle of the plurality of upright pieces with respect to the substrate is fixed to a predetermined value.
10. The antenna according to any one of claims 7 to 9, further comprising: an adjustment unit that adjusts the phase of transmission and reception waves transmitted and received by the plurality of antenna elements.
11. The plurality of erecting pieces are set to a first erecting angle, and a first group including the erecting pieces inclined to the same direction, and a second erecting angle different from the first erecting angle to be the same direction The antenna according to any one of claims 7 to 10, further comprising: a second group that includes upright pieces that are inclined at an angle.
12. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the plurality of upright pieces are arranged in a matrix and provided on the substrate.
13. The first standing piece is inclined in a first direction,
    The antenna according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the plurality of rising pieces includes a second rising piece inclined in a second direction different from the first direction.
14. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 13, further comprising a plurality of other antenna elements mounted on the substrate.
    

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