WO2019080439A1 - 一种长方体岩石试样常规三轴压缩试验的变形测量装置及方法 - Google Patents

一种长方体岩石试样常规三轴压缩试验的变形测量装置及方法

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WO2019080439A1
WO2019080439A1 PCT/CN2018/079578 CN2018079578W WO2019080439A1 WO 2019080439 A1 WO2019080439 A1 WO 2019080439A1 CN 2018079578 W CN2018079578 W CN 2018079578W WO 2019080439 A1 WO2019080439 A1 WO 2019080439A1
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lateral
deformation measuring
measuring device
sample
pair
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English (en)
French (fr)
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杨圣奇
田文岭
殷鹏飞
刘相如
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB
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Priority to AU2018357027A priority Critical patent/AU2018357027B2/en
Publication of WO2019080439A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019080439A1/zh
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02—Details
    • G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0019—Compressive
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
    • G01N2203/0258—Non axial, i.e. the forces not being applied along an axis of symmetry of the specimen
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of conventional triaxial compression mechanical behavior testing of rock, and particularly relates to a deformation measuring device and method for triaxial compression test of a rectangular parallelepiped rock sample.
  • the sample is generally a cylinder.
  • cylindrical specimens have problems in the processing of cracks and defects, and it is not easy to determine the position. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out conventional triaxial compression tests of cuboidal rocks.
  • the circumferential measuring device of the cylindrical sample is generally a measuring ring composed of a chain, and the measuring ring is not suitable in the rectangular parallelepiped sample, mainly because the rectangular parallelepiped has an angular shape, and the measuring ring cannot be freely rotated, resulting in inaccurate measurement data. Therefore, the present invention discloses a set of deformation measuring apparatus and method for the conventional triaxial compression test of a rectangular parallelepiped rock sample, aiming at solving the problem that the measuring device of the cylindrical sample cannot be applied to the rectangular parallelepiped sample.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a deformation measuring device and method for a conventional triaxial compression test of a rectangular parallelepiped rock sample, aiming at solving the problem that the measuring device of the cylindrical sample cannot be applied to the rectangular parallelepiped sample.
  • a deformation measuring device for a conventional triaxial compression test of a rectangular parallelepiped rock sample comprising a set of axial deformation measuring devices and two sets of lateral deformation measuring devices; wherein:
  • the axial deformation measuring device comprises two pairs of identical first lateral grippers arranged one above the other, two first transverse slide bars disposed between each pair of first lateral grippers, and two pairs of first lateral grippers There are two axial slide bars and a pair of displacement sensors;
  • Two sets of lateral deformation measuring devices are disposed between the two pairs of first lateral grippers, each set of lateral deformation measuring devices comprising a pair of second lateral grippers, two between each pair of second lateral grippers Two second lateral slides, two springs and a pair of displacement sensors; two sets of lateral deformation measuring devices are arranged perpendicular to each other.
  • the end of the first lateral sliding bar is provided with a tightening screw, and the tightening screw is composed of a screw and an elastic member sleeved on the screw.
  • Each of the second lateral grippers is provided with a semi-circular bump, and the second lateral gripper semicircular lug is located downward, and the second lateral gripper semicircular lug is located below. Upward.
  • a deformation measurement method for a conventional triaxial compression test of a rectangular rock sample includes the following steps:
  • the device and method provided by the present invention can be applied to a conventional triaxial compression test of a rectangular parallelepiped rock sample, and solves the problem that a measuring device of a cylindrical sample cannot be applied to a rectangular parallelepiped sample. Through a large number of practical verifications, it is shown that the deformation measuring device is simple in operation and high in measurement accuracy.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing three-dimensional assembly of a deformation measuring device of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of an axial deformation measuring device of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of a lateral deformation measuring device of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of the tightening screw of the present invention.
  • 1-deformation measuring device 2-first deformation measuring device, 3-second deformation measuring device, 4-sample, 5-first lateral sliding bar, 6-second axial sliding bar, 7-displacement Sensor, 8-first lateral gripper, 9-second lateral gripper, 10-second transverse slide, 11-tightening screw, 12-spring, 13-semi-circular bump.
  • Figure 1-4 shows a deformation measuring device for a conventional triaxial compression test of a rectangular rock sample of the present invention, comprising a set of axial deformation measuring device 1 and two sets of lateral deformation measuring devices; wherein:
  • the axial deformation measuring device comprises two pairs of identical first lateral grippers 8 arranged one above the other, between each pair of first lateral grippers 8 being provided with two first transverse slide bars 5, two pairs of first transverse clamps Two axial slide bars 6 and a pair of displacement sensors 7 are disposed between the holders 8; each pair of first lateral clamps 8 cooperates with two first lateral slide bars 6 located therebetween to ensure that they are in one plane
  • the two pairs of first lateral grippers 8 cooperate with the two axial slide bars 6 to ensure that the displacement sensor 7 is not deflected;
  • the end of the first lateral slide bar 5 is provided with a tightening screw 11, as shown in FIG.
  • the tightening screw 11 is composed of a screw and a spring sleeved on the screw, and the tightening screw 11 is used to ensure that the first lateral gripper 8 is tightly coupled with the sample 4, thereby ensuring measurement accuracy.
  • Two sets of lateral deformation measuring devices are disposed between the two pairs of first lateral grippers 8, respectively a first deformation measuring device 2 and a second deformation measuring device 3, each set of lateral deformation measuring devices comprising a pair of second lateral directions a holder 9, between each pair of second lateral grippers 9, two second lateral slides 10, two springs 12 and a pair of displacement sensors 7; a first deformation measuring device 2 and a second deformation measuring device 3 arranged perpendicularly to each other, the second lateral slider 10 of the first deformation measuring device 2 and the second lateral sliding bar 10 of the second deformation measuring device 3 are perpendicular to each other.
  • the pair of second lateral grippers 9 cooperate with the two second lateral slide bars 10 to ensure that the displacement sensor 7 moves in one plane to ensure measurement accuracy; each pair of second lateral grippers 9 cooperate with the spring 12 to ensure the second
  • the lateral holder 9 is closely attached to the sample 4; each of the second lateral holders 9 is provided with a semicircular projection 13 and the second lateral holder 9 is located above the semicircular projection 13 Downward, the second lateral holder 9 located below is provided with the semicircular projections 13 facing upwards, ensuring that the deformation measured by the two sets of lateral deformation measuring devices is the deformation at the center of the sample 4.
  • a deformation measurement method for a conventional triaxial compression test of a rectangular rock sample includes the following steps:
  • the lower end portion of the axial measuring device 1 is attached to the lower end of the sample 4 which is subjected to the sealing operation, and is fixed by tightening the screw 11; at this time, the lower ends of the first lateral holder 8 and the sample 4 are to be secured. Alignment

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

一种长方体岩石试样常规三轴压缩试验的变形测量装置（1）及方法，装置包括一套轴向变形测量装置和两套侧向变形测量装置；其中：轴向变形测量装置包括上下设置的两对完全相同的第一横向夹持器（8），每对第一横向夹持器（8）之间设置有两个第一横向滑杆（5），两对第一横向夹持器（8）之间设置有两个轴向滑杆（6）和一对位移传感器（7）；两套侧向变形测量装置设置于两对第一横向夹持器（8）之间，每套侧向变形测量装置包括一对第二横向夹持器（9），每对第二横向夹持器（9）之间设置有两个第二横向滑杆（10）、两个弹簧（12）及一对位移传感器（7）；两套侧向变形测量装置相互垂直设置。解决了圆柱体试样的测量装置无法应用于长方体试样的难题。变形测量装置（1）操作简单，测量精度高。

Description

一种长方体岩石试样常规三轴压缩试验的变形测量装置及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及到岩石常规三轴压缩力学行为测试领域，特别涉及到长方体岩石试样三轴压缩试验的变形测量装置及方法。
背景技术
目前，在岩石常规三轴试验中，试样一般为圆柱体。但是圆柱体试样在加工裂隙、缺陷时存在位置不容易确定的问题，所以开展长方体岩石常规三轴压缩试验是非常必要的。而圆柱体试样的环向测量装置一般为链条组成的测量环，而测量环在长方体试样中不适合，主要因为长方体存在棱角，不能保证测量环自由转动，导致测量数据不准确。因此，本发明公布了一套应用于长方体岩石试样常规三轴压缩试验的变形测量装置及方法，旨在解决圆柱体试样的测量装置无法应用于长方体试样的难题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种长方体岩石试样常规三轴压缩试验的变形测量装置及方法，旨在解决圆柱体试样的测量装置无法应用于长方体试样的难题。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案为：
一种长方体岩石试样常规三轴压缩试验的变形测量装置，包括一套轴向变形测量装置和两套侧向变形测量装置；其中：
轴向变形测量装置包括上下设置的两对完全相同的第一横向夹持器，每对第一横向夹持器之间设置有两个第一横向滑杆，两对第一横向夹持器之间设置有两个轴向滑杆和一对位移传感器；
两套侧向变形测量装置设置于两对第一横向夹持器之间，每套侧向变形测量装置包括一对第二横向夹持器，每对第二横向夹持器之间设置有两个第二横向滑杆、两个弹簧及一对位移传感器；两套侧向变形测量装置相互垂直设置。
所述第一横向滑杆的端部设置有加紧螺丝，加紧螺丝由螺钉和套在该螺钉上的弹性部件组成。
每个第二横向夹持器上均设置有半圆形凸块，且位于上方的第二横向夹持器半圆形凸块朝下，位于下方的第二横向夹持器半圆形凸块朝上。
一种长方体岩石试样常规三轴压缩试验的变形测量方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将轴向测量装置的下端部分安装在完成密封操作的试样的下端，并通过加紧螺丝将其固定；
(2)在试样上安装两套侧向变形测量装置，两套侧向变形测量装置相互垂直，并保证侧向变形测量装置上的半圆形凸块在试样的中心位置；
(3)将轴向测量装置的上端部分安装在试样的上端，并通过加紧螺丝将其固定；
(4)在轴向测量装置和侧向变形测量装置中安装位移传感器；
(5)将安装好的试样推入围压室，充油、加围压、进行常规三轴压缩试验。
有益效果：本发明提供的装置及方法能够应用于长方体岩石试样常规三轴压缩试验，解决了圆柱体试样的测量装置无法应用于长方体试样的难题。通过大量实践验证，表明该变形测量装置操作简单，测量精度高。
附图说明
图1为本发明的变形测量装置三维装配示意图；
图2为本发明的轴向变形测量装置的示意图；
图3为本发明的侧向变形测量装置的示意图；
图4为本发明的加紧螺丝的示意图；
图中，1-变形测量装置，2-第一变形测量装置，3-第二变形测量装置，4-试样，5-第一横向滑杆，6-第二轴向滑杆，7-位移传感器，8-第一横向夹持器，9-第二横向夹持器，10-第二横向滑杆，11-加紧螺丝，12-弹簧，13-半圆形凸块。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作更进一步的说明。
如图1-4所示为本发明的一种长方体岩石试样常规三轴压缩试验的变形测量装置，包括一套轴向变形测量装置1和两套侧向变形测量装置；其中：
轴向变形测量装置包括上下设置的两对完全相同的第一横向夹持器8，每对第一横向夹持器8之间设置有两个第一横向滑杆5，两对第一横向夹持器8之间设置有两个轴向滑杆6和一对位移传感器7；每对第一横向夹持器8配合位于其之间的两个第一横向滑杆6，保证其在一个平面上，两对第一横向夹持器8配合两个轴向滑杆6可以保证位移传感器7不发生偏斜；第一横向滑杆5的端部设置有加紧螺丝11，如图4所示，加紧螺丝11由螺钉和套在该螺钉上的弹簧组成，加紧螺丝11用于保证第一横向夹持器8与试样4结合紧密，进而保证测量精度。
两套侧向变形测量装置设置于两对第一横向夹持器8之间，分别为第一变形测量装置2和第二变形测量装置3，每套侧向变形测量装置包括一对第二横向夹持器9，每对第二横向夹持器9之间设置有两个第二横向滑杆10、两个弹簧12及一对位移传感器7；第一变形测量装置2和第二变形测量装置3相互垂直设置，第一变形测量装置2的第二横向滑杆10和第二变形测量装置3第二横向滑杆10相互垂直。每对第二横向夹持器9配合两个第二横向滑杆10可以保证位移传感器7在一个平面上运动，保证测量精度；每对第二横向夹持器9配合弹簧12，可以保证第二横向夹持器9与试样4贴合紧密；每个第二横向夹持器9上均设置有半圆形凸块13，且位于上方的第二横向夹持器9半圆形凸块13朝下，位于下方的第二横向夹持器9半圆形凸块13朝上，保证两套侧向变形测量装置测得的变形为试样4中心处的变形。
一种长方体岩石试样常规三轴压缩试验的变形测量方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将轴向测量装置1的下端部分安装在完成密封操作的试样4的下端，并通过加紧螺丝11将其固定；此时应保证第一横向夹持器8与试样4的下端部对齐；
(2)在试样上安装两套侧向变形测量装置，两套侧向变形测量装置相互垂直，并保证侧向变形测量装置上的半圆形凸块在试样的中心位置；
(3)将轴向测量装置的上端部分安装在试样的上端，并通过加紧螺丝将其固定；此时应保证第一横向夹持器8与试样4的上端部对齐；
(4)在轴向测量装置和侧向变形测量装置中安装位移传感器；
(5)将安装好的试样推入围压室，充油、加围压、进行常规三轴压缩试验。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出：对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种长方体岩石试样常规三轴压缩试验的变形测量装置，其特征在于：包括一套轴向变形测量装置和两套侧向变形测量装置；其中：
    轴向变形测量装置包括上下设置的两对完全相同的第一横向夹持器(8)，每对第一横向夹持器(8)之间设置有两个第一横向滑杆(5)，两对第一横向夹持器(8)之间设置有两个轴向滑杆(6)和一对位移传感器(7)；
    两套侧向变形测量装置设置于两对第一横向夹持器(8)之间，每套侧向变形测量装置包括一对第二横向夹持器(9)，每对第二横向夹持器(9)之间设置有两个第二横向滑杆(10)、两个弹簧(12)及一对位移传感器(7)；两套侧向变形测量装置相互垂直设置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的长方体岩石试样常规三轴压缩试验的变形测量装置，其特征在于：所述第一横向滑杆(5)的端部设置有加紧螺丝(11)，加紧螺丝(11)由螺钉和套在该螺钉上的弹性部件组成。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的长方体岩石试样常规三轴压缩试验的变形测量装置，其特征在于：每个第二横向夹持器(9)上均设置有半圆形凸块(13)，且位于上方的第二横向夹持器(9)半圆形凸块(13)朝下，位于下方的第二横向夹持器(9)半圆形凸块(13)朝上。
  4. 一种基于权利要求1-3任一所述的装置的长方体岩石试样常规三轴压缩试验的变形测量方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
    (1)将轴向测量装置的下端部分安装在完成密封操作的试样的下端，并通过加紧螺丝将其固定；
    (2)在试样上安装两套侧向变形测量装置，两套侧向变形测量装置相互垂直，并保证侧向变形测量装置上的半圆形凸块在试样的中心位置；
    (3)将轴向测量装置的上端部分安装在试样的上端，并通过加紧螺丝将其固定；
    (4)在轴向测量装置和侧向变形测量装置中安装位移传感器；
    (5)将安装好的试样推入围压室，充油、加围压、进行常规三轴压缩试验。
PCT/CN2018/079578 2017-10-23 2018-03-20 一种长方体岩石试样常规三轴压缩试验的变形测量装置及方法 Ceased WO2019080439A1 (zh)

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