WO2019076419A1 - Systèmes de roue libre et modules de paliers de roue libre - Google Patents

Systèmes de roue libre et modules de paliers de roue libre Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019076419A1
WO2019076419A1 PCT/DK2018/050265 DK2018050265W WO2019076419A1 WO 2019076419 A1 WO2019076419 A1 WO 2019076419A1 DK 2018050265 W DK2018050265 W DK 2018050265W WO 2019076419 A1 WO2019076419 A1 WO 2019076419A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
fixture
flywheel system
electromagnets
mechanically coupled
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DK2018/050265
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
John Røn Pedersen
Martin SPEIERMANN
Jamshid Zamany
Original Assignee
Maersk Drilling A/S
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DKPA201800643A external-priority patent/DK180045B1/en
Priority to MX2020003673A priority Critical patent/MX2020003673A/es
Priority to US16/758,298 priority patent/US11264876B2/en
Priority to BR112020007815-8A priority patent/BR112020007815A2/pt
Priority to EP18804512.4A priority patent/EP3701621A1/fr
Priority to KR1020207011739A priority patent/KR20200079251A/ko
Application filed by Maersk Drilling A/S filed Critical Maersk Drilling A/S
Priority to CN201880067126.7A priority patent/CN111226378A/zh
Priority to AU2018353104A priority patent/AU2018353104B2/en
Publication of WO2019076419A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019076419A1/fr
Priority to US17/682,331 priority patent/US11594945B2/en
Priority to US18/100,970 priority patent/US11804762B2/en
Priority to US18/385,750 priority patent/US20240063703A1/en
Priority to AU2024201252A priority patent/AU2024201252A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/02—Additional mass for increasing inertia, e.g. flywheels
    • H02K7/025—Additional mass for increasing inertia, e.g. flywheels for power storage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
    • H02K7/09—Structural association with bearings with magnetic bearings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/06—Machines characterised by the presence of fail safe, back up, redundant or other similar emergency arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids

Definitions

  • a flywheel system is a mechanical device that stores rotational energy in a mass.
  • the amount of energy stored in the rotor is proportional to the square of the rotor's rotational speed.
  • the rotor may be magnetically coupled with an electromagnetic generator stator to allow the flywheel system to convert between rotational energy of the rotor and electrical energy.
  • the generator stator may decelerate the rotor to produce electrical energy from the rotational energy extracted from the rotor, and the generator stator may receive electrical energy and convert this electrical energy to rotational energy of the rotor resulting in acceleration of the rotor.
  • Flywheel systems may be designed to have large energy storage capacity, and are further capable of both delivering and absorbing energy rapidly. Common uses of a flywheel system include (a) peak-shaving of the power output of another energy source such as a combustion generator stator, (b) energy storage, (c) backup power supply, and (d) rapid energy delivery.
  • a flywheel system includes a rotor configured to rotate about a rotation axis.
  • the flywheel system further includes a fixture and an active magnetic bearing module for actively stabilizing the rotor relative to the fixture.
  • the active magnetic bearing module includes a plurality of first magnetizable elements mechanically coupled to or integrated in the rotor, and a plurality of electromagnets mechanically coupled to the fixture and configured to magnetically couple with the plurality of first magnetizable elements to actively stabilize the rotor relative to the fixture.
  • Each of the first magnetizable elements is farther than each of the electromagnets from the rotation axis.
  • a bearing module for a flywheel system includes a plurality of first magnetizable elements arranged along a first diameter and configured to be mechanically coupled to a rotor of the flywheel system, and a plurality of electromagnets configured to be mechanically coupled to a fixture and magnetically couple with the first magnetizable elements to stabilize the rotor relative to the fixture.
  • the electromagnets are bounded by a second diameter that is smaller than the first diameter to enable positioning of the electromagnets inside the first diameter.
  • a bearing module is integrated with a generator.
  • the integrated bearing module and generator are configured for use in a flywheel system and include a plurality of permanent magnets, a generator stator, and an active magnetic bearing.
  • the plurality of permanent magnets are arranged along a first diameter and configured to be mechanically coupled to a rotor of the flywheel system.
  • the generator stator is configured to be mechanically coupled to a fixture.
  • the generator stator is bounded by a second diameter that is smaller than the first diameter to enable positioning of the generator stator inside the first diameter to magnetically couple with the permanent magnets, so as to convert between rotational energy of the rotor and electric current in windings of the generator stator.
  • the active magnetic bearing includes (a) a plurality of first magnetizable elements arranged along a third diameter and configured to be mechanically coupled to the rotor, and (b) a plurality of electromagnets arranged along a fourth diameter and configured to be mechanically coupled to the fixture and magnetically couple with the first magnetizable elements.
  • the third diameter is greater than the first diameter to enable positioning of the first magnetizable elements at greater distance than the permanent magnets from rotation axis of the rotor.
  • the fourth diameter is greater than the first diameter to enable positioning of the active magnetic bearing at greater distance than the permanent magnets from the rotation axis.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a flywheel system in an exemplary use scenario, according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a flywheel system that includes an active magnetic bearing to actively stabilize the rotor of the flywheel system relative to the foundation of the flywheel system, according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 schematically illustrates an active magnetic bearing module for a flywheel system, according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an active magnetic bearing for use in a flywheel system, according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a flywheel system having an active magnetic bearing positioned in a void of the rotor, according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates an alternate flywheel system implementing an active magnetic bearing at a shaft of the flywheel system.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a flywheel system having an active magnetic bearing that is integrated with a generator of the flywheel system, according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a bearing module having both an active magnetic bearing and a passive magnetic backup bearing, according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates a flywheel system that has an active magnetic bearing integrated with a generator of the flywheel system and further includes one or more passive magnetic backup bearings, according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates another flywheel system having an active magnetic bearing that is integrated with a generator of the flywheel system, according to an
  • FIG. 11 illustrates a flywheel system having an active magnetic bearing that is integrated with a generator of the flywheel system with both the active magnetic bearing and the generator being mounted above a top end of the rotor of the flywheel system, according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates a flywheel system including a generator and an active magnetic bearing positioned at greater radii than the generator, according to an embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 illustrates another flywheel system including a generator and an active magnetic bearing positioned at greater radii than the generator, according to an embodiment.
  • flywheel systems are being considered for use in offshore or onshore environments not connected to a conventional electrical grid but instead relying on a so- called micro grid.
  • flywheel systems may serve as a source of energy and, for example, provide power functionalities such as peak-shaving or frequency control.
  • flywheel systems may serve to rapidly meet a high, short-term power demand.
  • the flywheel system is subject to substantial forces which can affect both the performance and lifetime of the flywheel system.
  • active magnetic bearings configured to actively stabilize the rotor of a flywheel system relative to the foundation of the flywheel system.
  • an “active magnetic bearing” refers to a bearing that is adjustable based upon an input signal.
  • An active magnetic bearing may be coupled with one or more sensors in a feedback loop.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates one flywheel system 100 in an exemplary use scenario including a rotor 110 and a fixture 120 that supports rotor 110.
  • Rotor 110 is configured to rotate about a rotation axis 190, as indicated by arrow 192 or in the direction opposite arrow 192.
  • Fixture 120 couples rotor 110 to a foundation 180, for example the floor of a building or a deck onboard a marine vessel.
  • Fixture 120 is substantially rigidly coupled to foundation 180 and therefore moves with foundation 180 when foundation 180 moves.
  • Foundation 180 may undergo movement in a variety of directions, for example horizontal translation as indicated by arrow 152, vertical translation as indicated by arrows 154, and rotation as indicated by 150, or a combination thereof.
  • Fixture 120 may form part of a housing around rotor 110, such as a vacuum enclosure. In one example, the weight of rotor 110 is between 10 and 10,000 kilograms.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates one flywheel system 200 that includes an active magnetic bearing to actively stabilize the rotor of the flywheel system relative to the foundation of the flywheel system.
  • Flywheel system 200 is an embodiment of flywheel system 100 that further includes an active magnetic bearing 210 that utilizes magnetic coupling between rotor 110 and fixture 120 to stabilize rotor 110 relative to fixture 120.
  • Active magnetic bearing 210 includes electromagnets to actively adjust the position of rotor 110 relative to fixture 120.
  • Active magnetic bearing 210 may serve to maintain minimal or no friction during rotation of rotor 110 about rotation axis 190 and/or prevent damage to flywheel system 200 associated with excessive physical contact between rotor 110 and fixture 120.
  • active magnetic bearing 210 ensures that the direction of rotation axis 190 remains sufficiently constant relative to fixture 120 to ensure satisfactory performance of flywheel system 200 and to prevent damage to flywheel system 200.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram that schematically illustrates one active magnetic bearing module 300 for a flywheel system such as flywheel system 200.
  • Active magnetic bearing module 300 is an embodiment of active magnetic bearing 210.
  • Active magnetic bearing module 300 includes a plurality of magnetizable elements 310 and a plurality of electromagnets 320 configured to magnetically couple with magnetizable elements 310 as shown schematically by arrows 330.
  • Each magnetizable element 310 may be a soft magnetic composite, a stack of laminated transformer steel, a stack of non-oriented electrical steel, or a magnetic material with intrinsic coercivity less than 1000 Ampere/meter.
  • magnetizable elements 310 are mechanically coupled to rotor 110 or integrated in rotor 110, and electromagnets 320 are mechanically coupled to fixture 120. Electromagnets 320 enable active adjustment of the position of rotor 110 relative to fixture 120.
  • active magnetic bearing module 300 further includes one or more sensors 340 and at least one power supply 350.
  • sensor(s) 340 senses a property of the position or motion of rotor 110 relative to fixture 120 and
  • Active magnetic bearing module 300 cooperates with rotor 110 and fixture 120 to form an embodiment of flywheel system 200.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates one active magnetic bearing 400 for use in a flywheel system.
  • Active magnetic bearing 400 is an embodiment of magnetizable elements 310 and electromagnets 320 and may be implemented in flywheel system 200.
  • Active magnetic bearing 400 includes (a) a plurality of magnetizable elements 410 arranged along a diameter 412 and (b) a plurality of electromagnets 420 arranged along a diameter 422 that is smaller than diameter 412 such that electromagnets 420 may be positioned within the ring of magnets 410.
  • the number of magnetizable elements 410 and electromagnets 420 may be different from that shown in FIG. 4, without departing from the scope hereof. Also without departing from the scope hereof, the number of magnetizable elements 410 may be different from the number of electromagnets 420.
  • each of diameters 412 and 422 is centered about rotation axis 190, as illustrated.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates one flywheel system 500 having an active magnetic bearing 530 positioned in a void of the rotor.
  • Flywheel system 500 is an embodiment of flywheel system 200
  • active magnetic bearing 530 is an embodiment of active magnetic bearing 400.
  • Flywheel system 500 includes a rotor 510 and a fixture 520.
  • Rotor 510 forms a void 512.
  • Void 512 faces fixture 520 and encircles rotation axis 190.
  • Void 512 may, but does not need to, span across rotation axis 190.
  • a tip 514 extends from rotor 510 toward fixture 520. Without departing from the scope hereof, tip 514 may be omitted from flywheel system 500.
  • Active magnetic bearing 530 includes a plurality of magnetizable elements 532 mechanically coupled to, or integrated in, rotor 510 at a surface 516 of void 512 facing rotation axis 190. Active magnetic bearing 530 further includes a plurality of electromagnets 534 mechanically coupled to fixture 520 via a mount 522. Mount 522 may form a hollow 523 that accommodates tip 514. In embodiments that do not include tip 514, mount 522 may be solid across rotation axis 190. Electromagnets 534 are configured to magnetically couple with magnetizable elements 532 across the portion of void 512 between electromagnets 534 and magnetizable elements 532.
  • the nominal radial gap 535 between magnetizable elements 532 and electromagnets 534, when rotor 510 is radially centered about mount 522, may be in the range between 2 and 10 millimeters.
  • electromagnets 534 exert forces 538 on magnetizable elements 532 at surface 516 to actively stabilize rotor 510 relative to fixture 520.
  • the axial extent (along rotation axis 190) of magnetizable elements 532 may exceed the axial extent of electromagnets 534, such that the magnetic coupling between magnetizable elements 532 and electromagnets 534 is the same or similar even in the presence of axial movement of rotor 510 relative to fixture 520.
  • the axial extent of magnetizable elements 532 exceed the axial extent of electromagnets 534 by 10% in both axial directions.
  • active magnetic bearing 530 includes one or more sensors 536 that senses a property of the position and/or motion of rotor 510 relative to fixture 520.
  • Sensor(s) 536 form an embodiment of sensor(s) 340.
  • Flywheel system 500 may further include power supply 350 as discussed above in reference to FIG. 3.
  • Fixture 520 may be positioned below a bottom end of rotor 510 (as shown in FIG. 5) or above a top end of rotor 510.
  • the "bottom end” and “top end” of a rotor refer to the bottom end and top end, respectively, of the rotor when the rotation axis is vertical.
  • a flywheel system may be oriented with a non-vertical rotation axis, for example prior to installation in an operating environment, or when the operating environment causes the orientation of a nominally vertical rotation axis to deviate from vertical (e.g., during movement and/or oscillation of the foundation supporting a flywheel system designed to operate with a generally vertical orientation axis).
  • Fixture 520 is, for example, an endplate of a housing around rotor 510.
  • fixture 520 is a base of flywheel system 500.
  • flywheel system 500 may further include a plurality of permanent magnets 540 mechanically coupled to rotor 510 and a plurality of permanent magnets 542 mechanically coupled to fixture 520.
  • Permanent magnets 540 and 542 are configured to magnetically couple with each other to bear the load of rotor 510 so as to magnetically levitate rotor 510 above the base formed by fixture 520.
  • active magnetic bearing 530 may be provided as a standalone bearing to be implemented in a third party flywheel system. Active magnetic bearing 530 may be provided together with one or more of power supply 350, permanent magnets 540, and permanent magnets 542.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates an alternate flywheel system 600 implementing an active magnetic bearing at a shaft of the flywheel system.
  • Flywheel system 600 includes a rotor 610, a shaft 612 attached to rotor 610 (or integrally formed therewith), and a base 620 positioned below a bottom end of rotor 610.
  • Flywheel system 600 further includes (a) magnetizable elements 632 attached to shaft 612 and (b) electromagnets 634 extending up from base 620 to magnetically couple with magnetizable elements 632 on shaft 612.
  • electromagnets 634 to stabilize rotor 610 relative to base 620, electromagnets 634 exert forces 638 inward on shaft 612. These forces concentrate significant stress on the area 614 where shaft 612 and rotor 610 connect to each other.
  • flywheel system 500 forces 538 in flywheel system 500 are directed outward onto a larger surface of rotor 510 and do not generate the stress caused by forces 638 in flywheel system 600.
  • the configuration of flywheel system 500 thereby reduces or eliminates any adverse effect of active magnetic bearing 530 on the performance and lifetime of flywheel system 500.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates one flywheel system 700 having an active magnetic bearing that is integrated with a generator of the flywheel system.
  • Flywheel system 700 is an embodiment of flywheel system 500.
  • Flywheel system 700 includes a rotor 710 and fixture 520.
  • Rotor 710 forms a void 712.
  • a portion of void 712 closer to fixture 520 has diameter 788, and a portion of void 712 farther from fixture 520 has diameter 786.
  • Flywheel system 700 includes (a) a plurality of permanent magnets 742 mechanically coupled to, or integrated in, rotor 710 at a surface 718 of void 712 characterized by diameter 788, and (b) a generator stator 740 mounted to fixture 520.
  • Generator stator 740 includes a plurality of windings 744 that magnetically couple with permanent magnets 742 to convert between rotational energy of rotor 710 and electrical energy in windings 744.
  • Generator stator 740 may function in both “generator mode” and “motor mode”. In “generator mode”, generator stator 740 decelerates the rotation of rotor 710 to generate electrical energy, in the form of electrical energy in windings 744, from rotational energy of rotor 710. In “motor mode”, generator stator 740 uses electrical energy, supplied from an external source to windings 744, to accelerate the rotation of rotor 710 and thereby increase the rotational energy of rotor 710.
  • windings 744 are water cooled, air cooled by forced air, or passively air cooled.
  • Flywheel system 700 further includes active magnetic bearing 530 positioned in void 712. Flywheel system 700 implements magnets 532 at a surface 716 of void 712
  • Flywheel system 700 implements electromagnets 534, and optionally sensor(s) 536 in a mount 722 above generator stator 740.
  • a pair of tips 714 and 715 extend from rotor 710 toward fixture 520.
  • Mount 722 and generator stator 740 may form respective hollows 723 and 743 to
  • tips 714 and 715 may be omitted from flywheel system 700.
  • Fixture 520 may be positioned below a bottom end of rotor 710 (as shown in FIG. 7) or above a top end of rotor 710.
  • Fixture 520 is, for example, an endplate of a housing around rotor 710.
  • fixture 520 is a base of flywheel system 700.
  • flywheel system 700 may further include permanent magnets 540 mechanically coupled to rotor 710 and permanent magnets 542 mechanically coupled to fixture 520, to magnetically levitate rotor 710 above the base formed by fixture 520.
  • flywheel system 700 further includes a sensor array 750 positioned in fixture 520 or mechanically coupled to fixture 520.
  • Sensor array 750 senses motion properties of fixture 520 and may serve to impose limitations on the operation of flywheel system 700 according to such motion properties. For example, the rate of acceleration and/or deceleration of rotor 710 may be limited during time periods when fixture 520 undergoes relatively large movement.
  • the nominal radial gap 735 (when rotor 710 is radially centered above generator stator 740 and mount 722) between magnetizable elements 532 and electromagnets 534 may be smaller than the nominal radial gap 745 between permanent magnets 742 and generator stator 740, so as to provide active stabilization with sufficient accuracy to ensure that permanent magnets 742 do not come into physical contact with any portion of generator stator 740.
  • nominal radial gap 745 is at least twice the value of nominal gap 735.
  • Nominal radial gap 735 may be similar to nominal radial gap 535.
  • diameters 786 and 788 may be identical such that surfaces 716 and 718 are respective portions of a common cylindrical surface.
  • active magnetic bearing 530 and generator stator 740 may be provided as a standalone integrated bearing module to be implemented in a third party flywheel system.
  • This integrated bearing module may further include one or more of mount 722, power supply 350, permanent magnets 540, and permanent magnets 542.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates one bearing module 800 having both an active magnetic bearing and a passive magnetic backup bearing.
  • Bearing module 800 is an extension of active magnetic bearing module 300 that further includes permanent magnets 810 mechanically coupled to rotor 110 and permanent magnets 820 mechanically coupled to fixture 520.
  • Permanent magnets 810 and 820 are configured to magnetically couple with each other (as indicated by magnetic coupling 830). In the event that electromagnets 320 should be incapable of sufficiently stabilizing rotor 110 relative to fixture 120, for example if power supply 350 fails, permanent magnets 810 and 820 form a passive magnetic bearing configured to provide at least some degree of stabilization of rotor 110 relative to fixture 120. The backup stabilization provided by permanent magnets 810 and 820 may be sufficient to prevent catastrophic damage of a flywheel system implementing bearing module 800 and, for example, safely stabilize rotor 110 during deceleration to a standstill.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates one exemplary flywheel system 900 that has an active magnetic bearing integrated with a generator of the flywheel system and further includes one or more passive magnetic backup bearings.
  • Flywheel system 900 is an embodiment of flywheel system 700 that further includes one or more passive backup bearings 910.
  • Each bearing 910 includes permanent magnets 810 and 820 respectively coupled to rotor 710 and fixture 520 (directly or indirectly).
  • FIG. 9 shows several exemplary locations of bearings 910. In embodiments including multiple bearings 910, smaller and/or less powerful permanent magnets 810 and 820 may suffice to achieve the same backup magnetic force as in
  • flywheel system 900 may include more or fewer bearings 910 than shown in FIG. 9, and bearing(s) 910 may be located in position(s) different from those shown in FIG. 9. Also without departing from the scope hereof, one or more bearings 910 may be implemented in flywheel system 500. [0046] Also without departing from the scope hereof, active magnetic bearing 530, generator stator 740, and passive magnetic bearing(s) 910 may be provided as a standalone integrated bearing module to be implemented in a third party flywheel system. This integrated bearing module may further include one or more of mount 722, power supply 350, permanent magnets 540, and permanent magnets 542.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates another flywheel system 1000 having an active magnetic bearing that is integrated with a generator of the flywheel system.
  • Flywheel system 1000 is similar to flywheel system 700 except that, in flywheel system 700, generator stator 740 is closer than active magnetic bearing 530 to fixture 520 whereas, in flywheel system 1000, generator stator 740 is farther than active magnetic bearing 530 from fixture 520.
  • generator stator 740 and permanent magnets 742 are in the portion of void 712 associated with surface 716, and active magnetic bearing 530 is in the portion of void 712 associated with surface 718.
  • electromagnets 534 are mechanically coupled to fixture 520 via a mount 1022 that is similar to mount 722.
  • flywheel system 1000 may further include one or more passive backup bearings 910 as discussed above in reference to FIG. 9.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates one flywheel system 1100 having an active magnetic bearing that is integrated with a generator of the flywheel system with both the active magnetic bearing and the generator being mounted above a top end of the rotor of the flywheel system.
  • Flywheel system 1100 is similar to flywheel system 1000. However, as compared to flywheel system 1000, rotor 710 is replaced by a rotor 1110 that is upside down relative to rotor 710 such that void 712 faces upwards.
  • Mount 1022 and generator stator 740 are suspended from a top plate 1130 positioned above a top end of rotor 1110.
  • top plate 1130 and fixture 520 may form respective endplates of a housing that encloses rotor 1110. It is understood that each of flywheel systems 700 and 900 may be modified in a similar manner with bearings and generator stator being suspended from above.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates one flywheel system 1200 including generator stator 740 and an active magnetic bearing 1230 positioned at greater radii than generator stator 740.
  • Flywheel system 1200 is an embodiment of flywheel system 500.
  • Flywheel system 1200 includes fixture 520 and a rotor 1210.
  • Rotor 1210 forms (a) a groove 1232 encircling rotation axis 190 and having an inner diameter 1286 and (b) a central void 1212 that is similar to void 512 and has a diameter 1282 which is smaller than diameter 1286.
  • a tip 1214 extends from rotor 1210 toward fixture 520 inside void 1212. Void 1212 accommodates generator stator 740 which may form a hollow for accommodating tip 1214. Without departing from the scope hereof, tip 1214 may be omitted from flywheel system 1200.
  • Flywheel system 1200 further includes permanent magnets 742 positioned at a surface 1216 of void 1212. Windings 744 of generator stator 740 magnetically couple with permanent magnets 742 as discussed above in reference to FIG. 7. Groove 1232 accommodates electromagnets 534 mechanically coupled to fixture 520 and configured to magnetically couple with magnetizable elements 532 across a portion of groove 1232.
  • Groove 1232 may further accommodate sensor(s) 536.
  • Magnetizable elements 532 are mechanically coupled to, or integrated in, rotor 1210 and arranged along a diameter that is smaller than the diameter associated with electromagnets 534. In flywheel system 1200, magnetizable elements 532 and electromagnets 534 cooperate to form an active magnetic bearing magnetic.
  • Flywheel system 1200 may include one or more passive backup bearings 910.
  • FIG. 12 shows exemplary locations of such bearings 910.
  • one or more passive backup bearings 910 may be positioned at least partly in groove 1232.
  • flywheel system 1200 includes permanent magnets 540 and 542 configured as discussed above in reference to FIG. 5.
  • rotor 1210 may be turned upside down in a manner similar to that discussed for rotor 1110 in reference to FIG. 11.
  • active magnetic bearing 1230 and generator stator 740, and optionally passive magnetic bearing(s) 910 may be provided as a standalone integrated bearing module to be implemented in a third party flywheel system.
  • This integrated bearing module may further include one or more of power supply 350, permanent magnets 540, and permanent magnets 542.
  • FIG. 13 illustrates one flywheel system 1300 including generator stator 740, permanent magnets 742, and an active magnetic bearing 1330 positioned at greater radii than generator stator 740 and permanent magnets 742.
  • Flywheel system 1300 is similar to flywheel system 1200 except that active magnetic bearing 1230 is replaced by active magnetic bearing 1330.
  • Active magnetic bearing 1330 is similar to active magnetic bearing 1230 except that, in active magnetic bearing 1330, magnetizable elements 532 are disposed farther than electromagnets 534 from rotation axis 190.
  • a flywheel system may include a rotor configured to rotate about a rotation axis, a fixture, and a bearing module for at least one of (a) supporting the rotor on the fixture and (b) stabilizing the rotor relative to the fixture.
  • the bearing module may include an active magnetic bearing for actively stabilizing the rotor relative to the fixture.
  • the active magnetic bearing may include a plurality of first magnetizable elements mechanically coupled to or integrated in the rotor, and a plurality of electromagnets mechanically coupled to the fixture and configured to magnetically couple with the plurality of first magnetizable elements to actively stabilize the rotor relative to the fixture.
  • magnetizable elements may be a soft magnetic composite.
  • each of the first magnetizable elements may be farther than each of the electromagnets from the rotation axis.
  • the first magnetizable elements may be arranged along a first diameter about the rotation axis, and the electromagnets being arranged along a second diameter about the rotation axis, wherein the first diameter is greater than the second diameter.
  • the electromagnets and the first magnetizable elements may be away from each other by a first radial gap, the first radial gap being in range between 2 and 10 millimeters
  • the rotor may form a first void encircling the rotation axis, and the plurality of first magnetizable elements may be positioned at a first surface of the first void that encircles the rotation axis and faces or faces away from the rotation axis.
  • each of the electromagnets may be positioned in the first void to magnetically couple with the first magnetizable elements across a portion of the first void.
  • the flywheel system denoted as (A10) may further include (i) permanent magnets mechanically coupled to or integrated in the rotor and positioned at a second surface of the first void that encircles the rotation axis, and (ii) a generator stator mechanically coupled to the fixture and positioned in the first void to magnetically couple with the permanent magnets, so as to convert between rotational energy of the rotor and electric current in windings of the generator stator.
  • the fixture may include an endplate positioned adjacent a top end or bottom end of the rotor, and the electromagnets and the generator stator may be attached to the endplate.
  • the generator stator may be between the electromagnets and the endplate, and the second surface may be closer than the first surface to the endplate.
  • the electromagnets may be between the generator stator and the endplate, and the first surface being closer than the second surface to the endplate.
  • the endplate may form a base adjacent the bottom-end, and the flywheel system may further include (I) first load bearing magnets mechanically coupled to or integrated in the rotor at bottom surface of rotor, and (II) second load bearing magnets, mechanically coupled to the base, for magnetically coupling with the first load bearing magnets to magnetically levitate the rotor above the base.
  • any of the flywheel systems denoted as (A12) through (A15) may further include, in the first void, at least one passive magnetic bearing for stabilizing the rotor relative to the fixture if the active magnetic bearing loses power.
  • the at least one passive magnetic bearing may include a plurality of passive magnetic bearings located in different respective positions.
  • each passive magnetic bearing may include second permanent magnets mechanically coupled to or integrated in the rotor, and third permanent magnets mechanically coupled to the fixture and positioned in the first void to magnetically couple with the second permanent magnets, so as to provide backup stabilization of the rotor relative to the fixture.
  • each of the first surface and the second surface may face the rotation axis.
  • the first surface and the second surface may be respective portions of a common cylindrical surface.
  • diameter of the first surface may be different from diameter of the second surface.
  • the first void may span across the rotation axis.
  • the first void may be a groove that encircles the rotation axis but does not coincide with the rotation axis.
  • the first surface may face away from the rotation axis, such that the first magnetizable elements are closer than the electromagnets to the rotation axis.
  • the rotor may further form a central void closer than the groove to the rotation axis, and the flywheel system may further include permanent magnets mechanically coupled to or integrated in the rotor and positioned at a second surface of the central void that faces and encircles the rotation axis, and a generator stator mechanically coupled to the fixture and positioned in the central void to magnetically couple with the permanent magnets, so as to convert between rotational energy of the rotor and electric current in windings of the generator stator.
  • the fixture may include an endplate positioned adjacent a top end or bottom end of the rotor, and the electromagnets and the generator stator may be attached to the endplate.
  • the endplate may form a base positioned adjacent a bottom end of the rotor, and the flywheel system may further include (I) first load bearing magnets mechanically coupled to or integrated in the rotor at bottom surface of rotor, and (II) second load bearing magnets, mechanically coupled to the base, for magnetically coupling with the first load bearing magnets to magnetically levitate the rotor above the base.
  • any of the flywheel systems denoted as (A25) through (A27) may further include, in one or both of the groove and the central void, at least one passive magnetic bearing for stabilizing the rotor relative to the fixture if the active magnetic bearing loses power.
  • the at least one passive magnetic bearing may include a plurality of passive magnetic bearings located in different respective positions.
  • each passive magnetic bearing may include second permanent magnets mechanically coupled to or integrated in the rotor, and third permanent magnets mechanically coupled to the fixture and positioned in the groove or the central void to magnetically couple with the second permanent magnets, so as to provide backup stabilization of the rotor relative to the fixture.
  • any of the flywheel systems denoted as (A3) through (A30) may further include a power supply for powering the plurality of electromagnets to adjust position of the rotor relative to the fixture.
  • the flywheel system denoted as (A31) may further include at least one sensor for sensing a movement characteristic of the rotor relative to the fixture, wherein the at least one sensor is communicatively coupled with the power supply to enable adjustment of the position of the rotor relative to the fixture in response to the movement characteristic
  • the flywheel system denoted as (A32) may further include at least one passive backup bearing that includes second permanent magnets for stabilizing the rotor relative to the fixture if the power supply fails to provide power to the one or more electromagnets.
  • a bearing module for a flywheel system may include a plurality of first magnetizable elements arranged along a first diameter and configured to be mechanically coupled to a rotor of the flywheel system, and a plurality of electromagnets configured to be mechanically coupled to a fixture and magnetically couple with the first magnetizable elements to stabilize the rotor relative to the fixture, wherein the electromagnets are bounded by a second diameter that is smaller than the first diameter to enable positioning of the electromagnets inside the first diameter.
  • each of the first magnetizable elements may be a soft magnet.
  • Either of the bearing modules denoted as (B l) and (B2) may further include at least one sensor for sensing a position characteristic of the rotor relative to the fixture, and a power supply, communicatively coupled with the at least one sensor, for powering the electromagnets to adjust position of the rotor relative to the fixture in response to the position characteristic.
  • bearing modules denoted as (B l) through (B3) may further include at least one passive magnetic bearing including (a) a plurality of first permanent magnets configured to be mechanically coupled to the rotor and (b) a plurality of second permanent magnets configured to be mechanically coupled to the fixture and magnetically couple with the first permanent magnets to stabilize the rotor relative to the fixture if the power supply fails to provide power to the electromagnets.
  • Any of the bearing modules denoted as (B l) through (B4) may further include a plurality of third permanent magnets arranged along a third diameter and configured to be mechanically coupled to the rotor, and a generator stator for magnetically coupling with the third permanent magnets, to convert between rotational energy of the rotor and electric current in windings of the generator stator.
  • the generator stator may be bounded by a fourth diameter that is smaller than the third diameter to enable positioning of the generator stator inside the third diameter.
  • the electromagnets may be mounted on the generator stator.
  • bearing modules denoted as (B l) through (B7) may further include first load bearing magnets configured to be mechanically coupled to the rotor, and second load bearing magnets configured to be mechanically coupled to the fixture and magnetically couple with the first load bearing magnets to magnetically levitate the rotor above the second load bearing magnets.
  • a bearing module integrated with a generator for use in a flywheel system may include (1) a plurality of permanent magnets arranged along a first diameter and configured to be mechanically coupled to a rotor of the flywheel system, (2) a generator stator configured to be mechanically coupled to a fixture, the generator stator being bounded by a second diameter that is smaller than the first diameter to enable positioning of the generator stator inside the first diameter to magnetically couple with the permanent magnets, so as to convert between rotational energy of the rotor and electric current in windings of the generator stator, and (3) an active magnetic bearing including (a) a plurality of first magnetizable elements arranged along a third diameter and configured to be mechanically coupled to the rotor, wherein the third diameter is greater than the first diameter to enable positioning of the first magnetizable elements at greater distance than the permanent magnets from rotation axis of the rotor, and (b) a plurality of electromagnets arranged along a fourth diameter and configured to be mechanically coupled to
  • each of the first magnetizable elements may be a soft magnet.
  • the fourth diameter may be greater than the third diameter to enable positioning of the first
  • the fourth diameter may be smaller than the third diameter to enable positioning of the first
  • magnetizable elements farther than the electromagnets from the rotation axis.
  • bearing modules denoted as (CI) through (C4) may further include an endplate that forms at least a portion of the fixture, and the generator stator and the electromagnets may be mounted on the endplate.
  • bearing modules denoted as (CI) through (C5) may further include first load bearing magnets configured to be mechanically coupled to the rotor, and second load bearing magnets configured to be mechanically coupled to the fixture and magnetically couple with the first load bearing magnets to magnetically levitate the rotor above the second load bearing magnets.
  • bearing module denoted as (CI) through (C6) may further include at least one sensor for sensing a position characteristic of the rotor relative to the fixture, and a power supply, communicatively coupled with the at least one sensor, for powering the electromagnets to adjust position of the rotor relative to the fixture in response to the position characteristic.
  • bearing modules denoted as (CI) through (C7) may further include at least one passive magnetic bearing including (a) a plurality of second permanent magnets configured to be mechanically coupled to the rotor and (b) a plurality of third permanent magnets configured to be mechanically coupled to the fixture and

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de roue libre qui inclut un rotor conçu pour tourner autour d'un axe de rotation. Le système de roue libre inclut en outre un élément de fixation et un module de palier magnétique actif destiné à stabiliser activement le rotor par rapport à l'élément de fixation. Le module de palier magnétique actif inclut une pluralité de premiers éléments magnétisables couplés mécaniquement au rotor ou intégrés dans le rotor, et une pluralité d'électroaimants couplés mécaniquement à l'élément de fixation et conçus pour se coupler magnétiquement à la pluralité de premiers éléments magnétisables pour stabiliser activement le rotor par rapport à l'élément de fixation. Chacun des premiers éléments magnétisables est plus éloigné de l'axe de rotation que chacun des électroaimants.
PCT/DK2018/050265 2017-10-22 2018-10-22 Systèmes de roue libre et modules de paliers de roue libre WO2019076419A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (11)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2018353104A AU2018353104B2 (en) 2017-10-22 2018-10-22 Flywheel systems and flywheel bearing modules
US16/758,298 US11264876B2 (en) 2017-10-22 2018-10-22 Flywheel systems and flywheel bearing modules
BR112020007815-8A BR112020007815A2 (pt) 2017-10-22 2018-10-22 sistemas de volante e módulos de rolamentos de volante
EP18804512.4A EP3701621A1 (fr) 2017-10-22 2018-10-22 Systèmes de roue libre et modules de paliers de roue libre
KR1020207011739A KR20200079251A (ko) 2017-10-22 2018-10-22 플라이휠 시스템 및 플라이휠 베어링 모듈
MX2020003673A MX2020003673A (es) 2017-10-22 2018-10-22 Sistemas de volante de inercia y modulos de rodamiento de volante de inercia.
CN201880067126.7A CN111226378A (zh) 2017-10-22 2018-10-22 飞轮系统和飞轮轴承模块
US17/682,331 US11594945B2 (en) 2017-10-22 2022-02-28 Flywheel systems and flywheel bearing modules
US18/100,970 US11804762B2 (en) 2017-10-22 2023-01-24 Flywheel systems and flywheel bearing modules
US18/385,750 US20240063703A1 (en) 2017-10-22 2023-10-31 Flywheel systems and flywheel bearing modules
AU2024201252A AU2024201252A1 (en) 2017-10-22 2024-02-23 Flywheel Systems And Flywheel Bearing Modules

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201762575489P 2017-10-22 2017-10-22
US62/575,489 2017-10-22
DKPA201800643A DK180045B1 (en) 2017-10-22 2018-09-26 FLYWHEELS AND FLYWHEEL BEARING SYSTEMS
DKPA201800643 2018-09-26

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US16/758,298 A-371-Of-International US11264876B2 (en) 2017-10-22 2018-10-22 Flywheel systems and flywheel bearing modules
US17/682,331 Continuation US11594945B2 (en) 2017-10-22 2022-02-28 Flywheel systems and flywheel bearing modules

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019076419A1 true WO2019076419A1 (fr) 2019-04-25

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CN112013017A (zh) * 2020-09-23 2020-12-01 核工业理化工程研究院 轴向间隙主动调节与控制的磁性轴承系统
WO2020250253A1 (fr) * 2019-06-14 2020-12-17 Indiv Srl Dispositif de stockage d'énergie dynamique
WO2021145995A1 (fr) * 2020-01-17 2021-07-22 Solar Turbines Incorporated Ensemble support pour machine tournante
EP3804069B1 (fr) * 2018-05-25 2023-07-26 Noble Drilling A/S Fonctionnement dépendant de l'état de mouvement d'un générateur cinétique sur un bâtiment ou plate-forme marin
CN112013017B (zh) * 2020-09-23 2024-05-14 核工业理化工程研究院 轴向间隙主动调节与控制的磁性轴承系统

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EP0072747A2 (fr) * 1981-08-17 1983-02-23 Aerospatiale Societe Nationale Industrielle Equipement pour le stockage de l'énergie sous forme cinétique et la restitution de celle-ci sous forme électrique
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JP2002223530A (ja) * 2001-01-24 2002-08-09 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 非常用電源装置
EP2390511A1 (fr) * 2010-05-25 2011-11-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Support supplémentaire pour rotors supportés par AMB au moyen de roulements à aimant permanent
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3804069B1 (fr) * 2018-05-25 2023-07-26 Noble Drilling A/S Fonctionnement dépendant de l'état de mouvement d'un générateur cinétique sur un bâtiment ou plate-forme marin
WO2020250253A1 (fr) * 2019-06-14 2020-12-17 Indiv Srl Dispositif de stockage d'énergie dynamique
WO2021145995A1 (fr) * 2020-01-17 2021-07-22 Solar Turbines Incorporated Ensemble support pour machine tournante
US11352904B2 (en) 2020-01-17 2022-06-07 Solar Turbines Incorporated Support assembly for a rotary machine
CN112013017A (zh) * 2020-09-23 2020-12-01 核工业理化工程研究院 轴向间隙主动调节与控制的磁性轴承系统
CN112013017B (zh) * 2020-09-23 2024-05-14 核工业理化工程研究院 轴向间隙主动调节与控制的磁性轴承系统

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