WO2019076164A1 - Waveform splitter - Google Patents

Waveform splitter Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019076164A1
WO2019076164A1 PCT/CN2018/104514 CN2018104514W WO2019076164A1 WO 2019076164 A1 WO2019076164 A1 WO 2019076164A1 CN 2018104514 W CN2018104514 W CN 2018104514W WO 2019076164 A1 WO2019076164 A1 WO 2019076164A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electronic switch
current
waveform
standard
resistor
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PCT/CN2018/104514
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
肖伟峰
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广东东方电讯科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2019076164A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019076164A1/en

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R1/00Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
    • G01R1/28Provision in measuring instruments for reference values, e.g. standard voltage, standard waveform
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R35/00Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
    • G01R35/04Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass of instruments for measuring time integral of power or current

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  • the present invention relates to the field of nonlinear waveform measurement techniques, and more particularly to waveform splitting devices.
  • a waveform splitting device includes: a first electronic switch, a second electronic switch, and a control module;
  • the first end of the first electronic switch and the first end of the second electronic switch are respectively connected to the current input end, and the second end of the first electronic switch is used for connecting with the first current output end, The second end of the second electronic switch is configured to be connected to the second current output end;
  • the control module is respectively connected to a control end of the first electronic switch and a control end of the second electronic switch;
  • the control module is configured to control only one of the first electronic switch and the second electronic switch to be turned on during any on-off maintenance time.
  • the method further includes a current detecting module, one end of the current detecting module is configured to be connected to the current input end, and the other end of the current detecting module is respectively connected to the first end of the first electronic switch The first end of the second electronic switch is connected.
  • the first electronic switch is a MOS tube.
  • the second electronic switch is a MOS tube.
  • the first electronic switch is an IGBT.
  • the second electronic switch is an IGBT.
  • the first electronic switch is a triode.
  • the second electronic switch is a triode.
  • the resistance of the first resistor and the resistance of the second resistor are the same.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that the first electronic switch and the second electronic switch are periodically turned on and off by the control module to control the first electronic switch and the second electronic switch, and the sine wave current input from the current input terminal is segmented.
  • two non-linear waveform currents are formed, so that the test meter can measure the current of the nonlinear waveform in series with the first electronic switch, and synthesize the nonlinear waveform of the two branches into the sine wave waveform through the trunk.
  • the current is measured by the traditional standard meter for the measurement of the sine wave of the trunk.
  • the test of the nonlinear wave is verified by the test table. It is easy to measure the nonlinear wave, and the standard table is sinusoidal and is traceable by standard. Standard traceability for nonlinear wave measurements.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a waveform splitting apparatus according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of an application scenario of a waveform splitting apparatus according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of an application scenario of a waveform splitting apparatus according to another embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a waveform diagram of a first branch and a second branch after splitting by a waveform splitting device according to an embodiment.
  • a waveform splitting apparatus 100 includes: a first electronic switch 110, a second electronic switch 120, and a control module 130; a first end of the first electronic switch 110 and The first end of the second electronic switch 120 is respectively connected to the current input end, the second end of the first electronic switch 110 is used for connecting with the first current output end, and the second end of the second electronic switch 120 is The terminal is configured to be connected to the second current output end; the control module 130 is respectively connected to the control end of the first electronic switch 110 and the control end of the second electronic switch 120, and the control module 130 is used in any Periodically, only one of the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 is controlled to be turned on.
  • the current input terminal is connected to the current output terminal of the standard power source, for example, the current input terminal is used for connecting with the current output terminal of the standard power source, and the standard power source is used for inputting the standard power to the waveform splitting device 100.
  • the current for example, a standard power source is used to input the sine wave current Isource.
  • the second end of the first electronic switch 110 and the second end of the second electronic switch 120 are also used to connect to the common terminal Icom of the standard power source through a test circuit, wherein the test circuit is omitted in FIG.
  • control module 130 is configured to respectively control the on and off of the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120.
  • control module 130 is configured to respectively control the periodic switching of the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120.
  • control module 130 is configured to control only one of the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 to be turned on at any on-off maintenance time (t 1 or t 2 ), that is, at any on-off.
  • the standard power source inputs current to the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 through the current input end, and the current input end is respectively connected to the first end of the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120.
  • One end is connected, that is, the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 are connected in parallel,
  • the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 are not turned on at the same time.
  • the waveform splitting device 100 includes two electronic switches, and the two electronic switches are the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120.
  • the controller 130 controls the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic One of the switches 120 is turned on and controls the other of the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 to be turned off.
  • the control module 130 sequentially turns on the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 in each of the on-off maintenance time, the on-off maintenance time includes a first maintenance time t 1 and a second maintenance time t 2 , and the control module 130 is configured to Controlling the first electronic switch 110 to be turned on at the first maintaining time, controlling the second electronic switch 120 to be turned off, and controlling the first electronic switch 110 to be turned off at the second maintaining time to control the second electronic switch 120 to be turned on, wherein the first maintaining time is The second maintenance time is equal, that is, the lengths of time of the first maintenance time and the second maintenance time are equal.
  • the first sustain time and the second sustain time are continuously cycled, so that the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 are periodically turned on and off, thereby causing the current at the current input terminal to be split into two in different periods.
  • the current input to the current input terminal is I ref .
  • the first electronic switch 110 is turned on, the second electronic switch 120 is turned off, and the current flowing through the first electronic switch 110 is I 1 , at this time, the first current output terminal output current is I 1 , the second current output terminal output current is 0;
  • the second electronic switch 120 is turned on, the first electronic switch 110 is turned off, and flows through
  • the current of the second electronic switch 120 is I 2 , and the output current of the second current output terminal is I 2 , and the output current of the first current output terminal is 0.
  • Isource I 1 + I 2 .
  • the current Isource input at the current input terminal is I ref
  • the waveform of I ref is a sine wave
  • the period of the waveform of the current is T
  • the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 are turned on and off.
  • t is the duration of the current waveform of the current I 2 t 1 and 2
  • the electronic switch 110 through the first I 1 and a second electronic switch 120 as shown in FIG, I 1 and 4 I of 2 are both linear current
  • the periodic control of the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 by the control module 130 causes the current of the sine wave to be divided into nonlinear waveforms, such that when the test table is connected in series with the first electronic switch 110 or The second electronic switch 120 is connected in series to enable measurement of nonlinear waveforms.
  • the waveform splitting device 100 further includes a current detecting module 160.
  • One end of the current detecting module 160 is connected to the current input terminal, and the other end of the current detecting module 160 is respectively connected to the first The first end of the electronic switch 110 and the first end of the second electronic switch 120 are connected, that is, the current input end passes through the current detecting module 160 and the first end of the first electronic switch 110 and the first end of the second electronic switch 120.
  • the current detecting module 160 is connected to the control module 130.
  • the current detecting module 160 is configured to detect the current input by the current input terminal, that is, the current detecting module 160 is used for the terminal connection.
  • the current detecting module 160 is configured to provide a zero-crossing detection signal to the control module 130, and the control module 130 is further configured to synchronously control the first electronic switch 110 or the second after receiving the zero-crossing detection signal.
  • the periodic switching of the electronic switch 120 that is, after the current detecting module 160 detects the zero crossing of the current input terminal, the control module 130 starts to the first
  • the electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 perform periodic on-off control, so that the splitting operation of the waveform is synchronized with the current input of the standard power source, so that the split nonlinear waveform can be compared with the standard power source in each cycle. Waveform matching.
  • the control module 130 is a control chip, for example, the control module 130 is a single chip microcomputer.
  • the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 are respectively semiconductor device switches.
  • the waveform splitting device further includes a first resistor and a second resistor, the second end of the first electronic switch being coupled to the first current output through the first resistor, the second electronic switch The second end is coupled to the second current output through the second resistor.
  • the first electronic switch 110 is a MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) field effect transistor, and the first electronic switch 110 includes two MOS transistors, the second The electronic switch 120 is a MOS tube, and the second electronic switch 120 includes two MOS tubes, so that for the sinusoidal current of the alternating current, the two MOS tubes of the first electronic switch 110 can be turned on and off in two directions.
  • the two MOS transistors of the second electronic switch 120 can be turned on and off in two directions, so that the turn-off of the conduction in the positive and negative half-waves can be realized.
  • the MOS transistor is a PMOS transistor, for example, the The MOS transistor is an NMOS transistor.
  • the control end of the first electronic switch 110 is the gate of the first electronic switch 110
  • the control end of the second electronic switch 120 is the gate of the second electronic switch 120
  • the first of the first electronic switch 110 The terminal may be a source or a drain.
  • the first end of the second electronic switch 120 may be a source or a drain.
  • the control module 130 inputs a signal to the gate of the first electronic switch 110.
  • An electronic switch 110 is turned on to input a signal to the gate of the second electronic switch 120 such that the first electronic switch 110 is turned on.
  • the MOS transistor has a very fast switching speed, enabling the control module 130 to quickly control the on and off of the first branch and the second branch, which can further improve the switching efficiency of the current and can make the on-off maintenance time shorter.
  • connection between the two MOS tubes of the first electronic switch 110 and the two MOS tubes of the second electronic switch can be set according to actual needs, and those skilled in the art can realize the connection of two MOS tubes according to the prior art. And to achieve conduction and deactivation in both directions, which is not cumbersome in this embodiment.
  • the first electronic switch is an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), and the first electronic switch includes two IGBTs.
  • the second electronic switch is The IGBT, the second electronic switch comprises two IGBTs, the two IGBTs of the first electronic switch and the two IGBTs of the second electronic switch can also achieve conduction and closing respectively on the positive and negative half waves of the sine wave.
  • the control end of the first electronic switch 110 is the gate of the first electronic switch 110, and the first end of the first electronic switch 110 may be a drain or a source, and the second electronic The control terminal is a gate of the second electronic switch 120, and the first end of the second electronic switch 120 can be a drain or a source, such that the control module 130 is directed to the gate of the first electronic switch 110 and The gate input signal of the second electronic switch 120 can realize the control of the on and off of the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120.
  • the first electronic switch 110 is a triode
  • the first electronic switch 110 includes two triodes
  • the second electronic switch 120 is a triode
  • the second electronic switch 120 includes two triodes.
  • the control end of the first electronic switch 110 is the base of the first electronic switch 110
  • the first end of the first electronic switch 110 may be a collector or an emitter
  • the second electronic switch 120 controls The first end of the second electronic switch 120 may be a collector or an emitter.
  • the control module 130 is directed to the base of the first electronic switch 110 and the second electron.
  • the base input signal of the switch 120 can realize the control of the on and off of the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120.
  • FIG. 2 it is a non-linear load power and energy measuring device 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a waveform splitting device 100 and a test circuit.
  • the waveform splitting device 100 includes a first electronic switch 110 and a second electronic switch 120.
  • the first end of the first electronic switch 110 and the first end of the second electronic switch 120 are respectively connected to a current input end, a second end of the electronic switch 110 is connected to the first end of the first resistor R1, and a second end of the second electronic switch 120 is connected to the second end of the second resistor R2, the first resistor a second end of the R1 and a second end of the second resistor R2 are respectively connected to the current output end; the control module 130 is respectively connected to the control end of the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 The console connection.
  • the first electronic switch 110 is connected in series with the first resistor R1
  • the second electronic switch 120 is connected in series with the second resistor R2
  • the first electronic switch 110 and the first resistor R1 are in the first branch and the second electronic
  • the circuit where the switch 120 and the second resistor R2 are located is the first branch.
  • the resistance of the first resistor R1 and the resistance of the second resistor R2 are the same, such that the first branch and the second branch Having the same resistance value, so that the current of the current input terminal can be quickly switched in the first branch and the second branch, and the current of the first branch and the second branch is more accurate, that is, the first branch
  • the currents of the road and the second branch are respectively one-half of the current at the current input.
  • the non-linear load power and energy measuring device 10 further includes a test table 140 in which the test table 140 is connected in series.
  • the test table 140 is connected in series in the first branch, and the test table 140 is a non-linear load electric energy meter, because the test table 140 is connected in series in the first branch. Therefore, the current detected by the test table 140 is the current of the nonlinear waveform on the first branch, that is, the current of the waveform after the sine wave is split, and the electric energy meter measures The current is one-half the current supplied to the current input.
  • the non-linear load power and energy measuring device 10 further includes a standard electric energy meter 150, the current output end.
  • the traditional standard electric energy meter 150 is connected to the current output end, that is, the traditional standard electric energy meter 150 is connected in series in the trunk road, and the traditional standard electric energy meter 150 and the common power source common end Icom
  • the connection is such that the waveform splitting device 100 is connected to a standard power source through a conventional standard power meter 150 to form a loop.
  • the conventional standard electric energy meter 150 is a standard meter that has been traced by a sine wave.
  • the conventional linear standard meter is used to detect a linear sine wave current, so that the conventional standard electric energy meter 150 can measure the sinusoidal current input at the current input end.
  • the test table 140 is compared with the current of the standard electric energy meter 150 to detect whether the current of the test table 140 is one-half of the traditional standard electric energy meter 150, and the accuracy of the test of the test table 140 can be detected.
  • the two non-linear waveforms of the first branch and the second branch are combined into a sinusoidal waveform current through a trunk road, and the conventional standard table measures the sine wave of the trunk road to check the measurement of the nonlinear wave by the test table. It is verified whether it is credible, and because the traditional standard meter measures sine waves and is standard traceable, the standard traceability of nonlinear wave measurement is realized.
  • the nonlinear standard electric energy meter 180 is connected in series with the first electronic switch 110 and the first branch where the first resistor R1 is located, that is, the test table 140. And the non-linear standard electric energy meter 180 is connected in series with the first electronic switch 110 and the first branch where the first resistor R1 is located.
  • the nonlinear standard electric energy meter 180 in this embodiment is a nonlinear standard after traceability.
  • the non-linear standard table is used to provide a standard for non-linear waveform detection, so that the accuracy of the detection of the test table 140 can be detected by detecting whether the currents detected by the test table 140 and the nonlinear standard electric energy meter 180 are equal.
  • the non-linear standard electric energy meter 180 can provide a standard for non-linear waveform detection, thereby eliminating the need to connect a conventional standard electric energy meter in the main road, the detection of the test table 140 can be realized in the first branch.
  • test table 140 and the standard electric energy meter 150 are also connected to a voltage input terminal, which is a voltage output terminal of a standard power source, and provides a voltage Vsource of a standard voltage source for the test table 140 and the standard electric energy meter 150.
  • a balanced impedance 170 is also included, the balanced impedance 170 being connected in series with the second electronic switch and the second resistor R2.
  • the balanced impedance 170 has the same impedance as the test table 140, so that the first branch and the second branch can have the same impedance, and the current at the current input can be realized in the first branch and the second branch.
  • the current balance during fast switching and the first branch and the second branch current are more accurate, that is, the currents of the first branch and the second branch are respectively one-half of the current at the current input.
  • the resistance of the test table 140 is smaller than the resistance of the first resistor R1, for example, the resistance of the balanced impedance 170 is smaller than that of the first resistor R2.
  • the resistance value that is, the resistance value of the test table 140 is less than one tenth of the resistance value of the first resistor R1, or the resistance value of the first resistor R1 is greater than ten times the resistance value of the test table 140.
  • the resistance of the balanced impedance 170 is less than one tenth of the resistance of the second resistor R2, or the resistance of the second resistor R2 is greater than the resistance of the balanced impedance 170 of ten times.
  • the control of the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 by the control module 130 causes the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 to be periodically turned on and off, and the current input to the current input terminal is Divided into two, a current of two non-linear waveforms is formed, so that the test table 140 can measure the current of the nonlinear waveform after being connected in series with the first electronic switch 110.
  • the current loop of the test circuit is connected as shown in FIG. 2, and the broken line frame is a waveform splitting device.
  • the waveform splitting device controls the electronic switches A and B through the control module, and divides the measuring current into two parts, which are respectively sent to the instrument to be tested and the balance circuit.
  • the test waveform is shown in Fig. 4.
  • the current flowing through the instrument under test is the waveform of the electronic switch A.
  • the current flowing through the balanced impedance is the waveform of the electronic switch B.
  • the standard flow is the synthesis of the two. When the error of the control module's switching control of the electronic switch is negligible, the current flowing through the standard meter can be considered to be a complete sine wave.
  • Figure 4 depicts the current waveform applied during the experiment.
  • the time T is the period of the sine wave
  • t is the on-off maintenance time of the electronic switch
  • the magnitude of the control t can control the frequency characteristic of the nonlinear waveform required by the test, wherein an on-off maintenance time t is equal to the first maintenance time.
  • the sum of t 1 and the second maintenance time t 2 By adjusting the time t, the test condition of the nonlinear response characteristic of the test object can be changed, and the smaller value of the time t corresponds to a higher test switching frequency.
  • the control principle of the electronic switch is that there is only one electronic switch in the on state at any on-off maintenance time, and the current flowing through the standard meter is the sum of the currents flowing through the two electronic switches.
  • the typical control of the two currents is 1/2 of the waveform of the current flowing through the standard meter. Calculating the difference between the current of the test instrument and the current of the standard meter is 1/2 to obtain the measurement error of the test instrument.
  • the waveform splitting device shown in FIG. 1 is characterized in that the sinusoidal current is divided into two complementary parts by an electronic switch, and only one of the current flows through the instrument or device under test for measurement.
  • the energy metering characteristics of the instrument under test under non-linear load conditions; while the other current flows through the balanced impedance, and the resultant current flows through the standard table.
  • the waveform splitting device shown in Fig. 1 is characterized in that the current flowing through the standard meter is still a complete sine wave, thus solving the traceability problem of the standard meter and solving the accuracy of the tested instrument.
  • the waveform splitting device shown in Fig. 1 is characterized in that the sinusoidal current is divided into two parts of higher frequency, and the frequency of the divided power can be changed to change the nonlinearity of the test waveform of the power/electric energy measurement in the nonlinear working condition. .
  • the present invention proposes to construct a waveform splitting device based on FIG.
  • the device can be used to verify the energy metering characteristics of the non-linear load conditions of the electric energy meter or device, without modifying the original test standard power source and standard table.

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a waveform splitter, comprising a first electronic switch, a second electronic switch and a control module. The first electronic switch and the second electronic switch are separately connected to a current input end. The control module is separately connected to a control end of the first electronic switch and a control end of the second electronic switch. The control module is used for controlling either the first electronic switch or the second electronic switch to open in a random on/off maintenance period. The first electronic switch and the second electronic switch can split the sine-wave current inputted by the current input end into two non-linear waveform currents, thus enabling a tested meter to measure the non-linear waveform currents. A primary circuit can synthesize the non-linear waveform of two branches into the sine-wave waveform current. The measurement of a conventional standard meter on the primary circuit sine wave can be employed to check the measurement of the tested meter on the non-linear waveform, thus determining whether the measurement is credible or not. Because the conventional standard meter measures the sine wave with standard traceablility, and therefore standard traceablility for non-linear waveform measurement can be realized.

Description

波形分裂装置Wave splitting device 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及非线性波形测量技术领域,特别是涉及波形分裂装置。The present invention relates to the field of nonlinear waveform measurement techniques, and more particularly to waveform splitting devices.
背景技术Background technique
目前没有用于非线性负荷工况的电能直接测量的溯源标准,无法对测量非线性的波形的电能表的准确度进行检定。There is currently no traceability standard for direct measurement of electrical energy in non-linear load conditions, and the accuracy of a meter that measures non-linear waveforms cannot be verified.
中国计量院提出了两种间接试验波形用于电能计量仪表或装置的动态准确度的衡量,但是由于试验波形已不再是正弦波,而目前用于参考的标准表的溯源装置的试验波形为正弦波,因此无法直接证明此标准表在非线性负荷工况下的准确度是“可信的”。China Metrology Institute has proposed two indirect test waveforms for the measurement of the dynamic accuracy of electric energy meters or devices, but since the test waveforms are no longer sinusoidal, the test waveforms of the traceability devices of the standard tables currently used for reference are Sine wave, so it is impossible to directly prove that the accuracy of this standard table under non-linear load conditions is "trustworthy".
因此,对于非线性的波形的测量和标准的溯源是目前所亟需的。Therefore, the measurement of nonlinear waveforms and the traceability of standards are currently needed.
发明内容Summary of the invention
基于此,有必要针对性地提供一种波形分裂装置。Based on this, it is necessary to provide a waveform splitting device in a targeted manner.
一种波形分裂装置,包括:第一电子开关、第二电子开关和控制模块;A waveform splitting device includes: a first electronic switch, a second electronic switch, and a control module;
所述第一电子开关的第一端以及所述第二电子开关的第一端分别用于与电流输入端连接,所述第一电子开关的第二端用于与第一电流输出端连接,所述第二电子开关的第二端用于与第二电流输出端连接;The first end of the first electronic switch and the first end of the second electronic switch are respectively connected to the current input end, and the second end of the first electronic switch is used for connecting with the first current output end, The second end of the second electronic switch is configured to be connected to the second current output end;
所述控制模块分别与所述第一电子开关的控制端以及所述第二电子开关的控制端连接;The control module is respectively connected to a control end of the first electronic switch and a control end of the second electronic switch;
所述控制模块用于在任一通断维持时间,仅控制所述第一电子开关和所述第二电子开关中的其中一个开启。The control module is configured to control only one of the first electronic switch and the second electronic switch to be turned on during any on-off maintenance time.
在一个实施例中,还包括电流检测模块,所述电流检测模块的一端用于与电流输入端连接,且所述电流检测模块的另一端分别与所述第一电子开关的第一端以及所述第二电子开关的第一端连接。In one embodiment, the method further includes a current detecting module, one end of the current detecting module is configured to be connected to the current input end, and the other end of the current detecting module is respectively connected to the first end of the first electronic switch The first end of the second electronic switch is connected.
在一个实施例中,所述第一电子开关为MOS管。In one embodiment, the first electronic switch is a MOS tube.
在一个实施例中,所述第二电子开关为MOS管。In one embodiment, the second electronic switch is a MOS tube.
在一个实施例中,所述第一电子开关为IGBT。In one embodiment, the first electronic switch is an IGBT.
在一个实施例中,所述第二电子开关为IGBT。In one embodiment, the second electronic switch is an IGBT.
在一个实施例中,所述第一电子开关为三极管。In one embodiment, the first electronic switch is a triode.
在一个实施例中,所述第二电子开关为三极管。In one embodiment, the second electronic switch is a triode.
在一个实施例中,还包括第一电阻和第二电阻,所述第一电子开关的第二端通过所述第一电阻与第一电流输出端连接,所述第二电子开关的第二端通过所述第二电阻与第二电流输出端连接。In one embodiment, further comprising a first resistor and a second resistor, the second end of the first electronic switch being connected to the first current output terminal through the first resistor, and the second end of the second electronic switch The second resistor is connected to the second current output terminal.
在一个实施例中,所述第一电阻的阻值和所述第二电阻的阻值相同。In one embodiment, the resistance of the first resistor and the resistance of the second resistor are the same.
本发明的有益效果是:通过控制模块对第一电子开关以及第二电子开关的控制,使得第一电子开关和第二电子开关周期性通断,将电流输入端输入的正弦波电流被切分为两份,形成两份非线性波形的电流,从而使得被试表与第一电子开关串联后能够测量非线性波形的电流,而通过干路将两个支路的非线性波形合成正弦波波形的电流,通过传统标准表对干路正弦波的测量核对被试表对非线性波的测量进行检定其是否可信,同时由于传统标准表测量的是正弦波且是经过标准溯源的,从而容易实现非线性波测量的标准溯源。The invention has the beneficial effects that the first electronic switch and the second electronic switch are periodically turned on and off by the control module to control the first electronic switch and the second electronic switch, and the sine wave current input from the current input terminal is segmented. For two copies, two non-linear waveform currents are formed, so that the test meter can measure the current of the nonlinear waveform in series with the first electronic switch, and synthesize the nonlinear waveform of the two branches into the sine wave waveform through the trunk. The current is measured by the traditional standard meter for the measurement of the sine wave of the trunk. The test of the nonlinear wave is verified by the test table. It is easy to measure the nonlinear wave, and the standard table is sinusoidal and is traceable by standard. Standard traceability for nonlinear wave measurements.
附图说明DRAWINGS
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only It is a certain embodiment of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained from those skilled in the art without any inventive labor.
图1为一实施例的波形分裂装置的电路示意图;1 is a circuit diagram of a waveform splitting apparatus according to an embodiment;
图2为一实施例的波形分裂装置的应用场景的电路示意图;2 is a circuit diagram of an application scenario of a waveform splitting apparatus according to an embodiment;
图3为另一实施例的波形分裂装置的应用场景的电路示意图;3 is a circuit diagram of an application scenario of a waveform splitting apparatus according to another embodiment;
图4为一实施例的经波形分裂装置进行分裂后的第一支路以及第二支路的波形示意图。4 is a waveform diagram of a first branch and a second branch after splitting by a waveform splitting device according to an embodiment.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts are within the scope of the present invention.
如图1所示,其为本发明一实施例的波形分裂装置100,包括:第一电子开关110、第二电子开关120和控制模块130;所述第一电子开关110的第一端以及所述第二电子开关120的第一端分别用于与电流输入端连接,所述第一电子开关110的第二端用于与第一电流输出端连接,所述第二电子开关120的第二端用于与第二电流输出端连接;所述控制模块130分别与所述第一电子开关110的控制端以及所述第二电子开关120的控制端连接,所述控制模块130用于在任一周期,仅控制所述第一电子开关110和所述第二电子开关120中的一个开启。As shown in FIG. 1 , a waveform splitting apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a first electronic switch 110, a second electronic switch 120, and a control module 130; a first end of the first electronic switch 110 and The first end of the second electronic switch 120 is respectively connected to the current input end, the second end of the first electronic switch 110 is used for connecting with the first current output end, and the second end of the second electronic switch 120 is The terminal is configured to be connected to the second current output end; the control module 130 is respectively connected to the control end of the first electronic switch 110 and the control end of the second electronic switch 120, and the control module 130 is used in any Periodically, only one of the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 is controlled to be turned on.
本实施例中,电流输入端用于与标准功率源的电流输出端连接,例如,电流输入端用于与标准功率源的电流输出端连接,标准功率源用于向波形分裂装置100输入标准功率的电流,例如,标准功率源用于输入正弦波电流Isource。In this embodiment, the current input terminal is connected to the current output terminal of the standard power source, for example, the current input terminal is used for connecting with the current output terminal of the standard power source, and the standard power source is used for inputting the standard power to the waveform splitting device 100. The current, for example, a standard power source is used to input the sine wave current Isource.
本实施例中,第一电子开关110的第二端以及第二电子开关120的第二端还用于分别通过试验电路与标准功率源的公共端Icom连接,其中图1中省略了试验电路。In this embodiment, the second end of the first electronic switch 110 and the second end of the second electronic switch 120 are also used to connect to the common terminal Icom of the standard power source through a test circuit, wherein the test circuit is omitted in FIG.
具体地,控制模块130用于分别控制第一电子开关110和第二电子开关120的通断,例如,控制模块130用于分别控制第一电子开关110和第二电子开关120的周期性通断,例如,所述控制模块130用于在任一通断维持时间(t 1或t 2),仅控制所述第一电子开关110和所述第二电子开关120中的其中一个开启,即在任一通断维持时间(t 1或t 2),所述第一电子开关110和所述第二电子开关120中仅有一个开启,例如,第一电子开关110的开启时间和第二电子开关120的开启时间相互错开,例如,第一电子开关110和第二电子开关120不同时开启。 Specifically, the control module 130 is configured to respectively control the on and off of the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120. For example, the control module 130 is configured to respectively control the periodic switching of the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120. For example, the control module 130 is configured to control only one of the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 to be turned on at any on-off maintenance time (t 1 or t 2 ), that is, at any on-off. Maintaining time (t 1 or t 2 ), only one of the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 is turned on, for example, the turn-on time of the first electronic switch 110 and the turn-on time of the second electronic switch 120 They are staggered from each other, for example, the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 are not turned on at the same time.
本实施例中,标准功率源通过电流输入端分别向第一电子开关110和第二电子开关120输入电流,电流输入端分别与第一电子开关110的第一端以及第 二电子开关120的第一端连接,即第一电子开关110和第二电子开关120并联,In this embodiment, the standard power source inputs current to the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 through the current input end, and the current input end is respectively connected to the first end of the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120. One end is connected, that is, the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 are connected in parallel,
值得一提的是,第一电子开关110和第二电子开关120不同时开启,例如,波形分裂装置100包括两个电子开关,两个电子开关为第一电子开关110和第二电子开关120,在任一通断维持时间(t 1或t 2),仅有一个电子开关导通,也就是说,在任一周期或任一通断维持时间,控制器130控制第一电子开关110和所述第二电子开关120中的其中一个开启,并控制第一电子开关110和所述第二电子开关120中的另一个关闭。控制模块130在每一个通断维持时间内依次开启第一电子开关110和第二电子开关120,该通断维持时间包括第一维持时间t 1和第二维持时间t 2,控制模块130用于在第一维持时间控制第一电子开关110开启,控制第二电子开关120关闭,并在第二维持时间控制第一电子开关110关闭,控制第二电子开关120开启,其中,第一维持时间与第二维持时间相等,即第一维持时间和第二维持时间的时间长度相等。这样,第一维持时间和第二维持时间不断循环,使得第一电子开关110和第二电子开关120周期性开启和关闭,进而使得电流输入端的电流在不同的周期内被切分为两份。 It is worth mentioning that the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 are not turned on at the same time. For example, the waveform splitting device 100 includes two electronic switches, and the two electronic switches are the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120. At any on-off sustain time (t 1 or t 2 ), only one electronic switch is turned on, that is, at any cycle or any on-off sustain time, the controller 130 controls the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic One of the switches 120 is turned on and controls the other of the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 to be turned off. The control module 130 sequentially turns on the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 in each of the on-off maintenance time, the on-off maintenance time includes a first maintenance time t 1 and a second maintenance time t 2 , and the control module 130 is configured to Controlling the first electronic switch 110 to be turned on at the first maintaining time, controlling the second electronic switch 120 to be turned off, and controlling the first electronic switch 110 to be turned off at the second maintaining time to control the second electronic switch 120 to be turned on, wherein the first maintaining time is The second maintenance time is equal, that is, the lengths of time of the first maintenance time and the second maintenance time are equal. Thus, the first sustain time and the second sustain time are continuously cycled, so that the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 are periodically turned on and off, thereby causing the current at the current input terminal to be split into two in different periods.
具体地,请参见图2,电流输入端输入的电流为I ref,在第一维持时间t 1,第一电子开关110开启,第二电子开关120关闭,流经第一电子开关110的电流为I 1,此时第一电流输出端输出电流为I 1,第二电流输出端输出电流为0;在第二维持时间t 2,第二电子开关120开启,第一电子开关110关闭,流经第二电子开关120的电流为I 2,此时第二电流输出端输出电流为I 2,第一电流输出端输出电流为0。对于一个完整的周期来说,Isource=I 1+I 2Specifically, referring to FIG. 2, the current input to the current input terminal is I ref . During the first maintenance time t 1 , the first electronic switch 110 is turned on, the second electronic switch 120 is turned off, and the current flowing through the first electronic switch 110 is I 1 , at this time, the first current output terminal output current is I 1 , the second current output terminal output current is 0; at the second maintenance time t 2 , the second electronic switch 120 is turned on, the first electronic switch 110 is turned off, and flows through The current of the second electronic switch 120 is I 2 , and the output current of the second current output terminal is I 2 , and the output current of the first current output terminal is 0. For a complete cycle, Isource = I 1 + I 2 .
如图4所示,电流输入端输入的电流Isource即为I ref,I ref的波形为正弦波,该电流的波形的周期为T,而第一电子开关110以及第二电子开关120的通断维持时间是t 1和t 2,则流经第一电子开关110的电流I 1和第二电子开关120的电流I 2的波形则如图4所示,I 1和I 2均为非线性的电流,且I 1和I 2分别为I ref的二分之一,且I ref=I 1+I 2。通过控制模块130对第一电子开关110和第二电子开关120的周期性控制,使得正弦波的电流被切分为非线性的波形,这样,当被试表与第一电子开关110串联或者与第二电子开关120串联,可实现对非线性波形的测量。 As shown in FIG. 4, the current Isource input at the current input terminal is I ref , and the waveform of I ref is a sine wave, and the period of the waveform of the current is T, and the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 are turned on and off. t is the duration of the current waveform of the current I 2 t 1 and 2, the electronic switch 110 through the first I 1 and a second electronic switch 120 as shown in FIG, I 1 and 4 I of 2 are both linear current, I 1 and I 2 are one and a half I ref and I ref = I 1 + I 2 . The periodic control of the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 by the control module 130 causes the current of the sine wave to be divided into nonlinear waveforms, such that when the test table is connected in series with the first electronic switch 110 or The second electronic switch 120 is connected in series to enable measurement of nonlinear waveforms.
在一个实施例中,如图1所示,波形分裂装置100还包括电流检测模块160,该电流检测模块160的一端用于与电流输入端连接,且电流检测模块160的另一端分别与第一电子开关110的第一端以及第二电子开关120的第一端连接,也就是说,电流输入端通过电流检测模块160与第一电子开关110的第一端以及第二电子开关120的第一端连接,该电流检测模块160串联在干路中,电流检测模块160与控制模块130连接,该电流检测模块160用于检测电流输入端输入的电流,也就是说,该电流检测模块160用于检测电流输入端的电流;该电流检测模块160用于给控制模块130提供过零检测信号,所述控制模块130还用于在接收到过零检测信号后,同步控制第一电子开关110或第二电子开关120的周期性通断,也就是说,当电流检测模块160检测到电流输入端的过零点后,控制模块130则开始对第一电子开关110和第二电子开关120进行周期性通断的控制,从而使得对波形的分裂操作与标准功率源的电流输入同步,进而使得每一个周期上分裂后的非线性波形能够与标准功率源的波形匹配。In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the waveform splitting device 100 further includes a current detecting module 160. One end of the current detecting module 160 is connected to the current input terminal, and the other end of the current detecting module 160 is respectively connected to the first The first end of the electronic switch 110 and the first end of the second electronic switch 120 are connected, that is, the current input end passes through the current detecting module 160 and the first end of the first electronic switch 110 and the first end of the second electronic switch 120. The current detecting module 160 is connected to the control module 130. The current detecting module 160 is configured to detect the current input by the current input terminal, that is, the current detecting module 160 is used for the terminal connection. Detecting the current of the current input terminal; the current detecting module 160 is configured to provide a zero-crossing detection signal to the control module 130, and the control module 130 is further configured to synchronously control the first electronic switch 110 or the second after receiving the zero-crossing detection signal. The periodic switching of the electronic switch 120, that is, after the current detecting module 160 detects the zero crossing of the current input terminal, the control module 130 starts to the first The electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 perform periodic on-off control, so that the splitting operation of the waveform is synchronized with the current input of the standard power source, so that the split nonlinear waveform can be compared with the standard power source in each cycle. Waveform matching.
为了实现对第一电子开关110以及第二电子开关120的通断控制,例如,该控制模块130为控制芯片,例如,该控制模块130为单片机。例如,该第一电子开关110和第二电子开关120分别为半导体器件开关。In order to realize the on/off control of the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120, for example, the control module 130 is a control chip, for example, the control module 130 is a single chip microcomputer. For example, the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 are respectively semiconductor device switches.
在一个实施例中,波形分裂装置还包括第一电阻和第二电阻,所述第一电子开关的第二端通过所述第一电阻与第一电流输出端连接,所述第二电子开关的第二端通过所述第二电阻与第二电流输出端连接。In one embodiment, the waveform splitting device further includes a first resistor and a second resistor, the second end of the first electronic switch being coupled to the first current output through the first resistor, the second electronic switch The second end is coupled to the second current output through the second resistor.
在一个实施例中,所述第一电子开关110为MOS(metal oxide semiconductor)场效应晶体管,金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管)管,且第一电子开关110包括两个MOS管,所述第二电子开关120为MOS管,所述第二电子开关120包括两个MOS管,这样对于交流的正弦波电流,第一电子开关110的两个MOS管可以在两个方向上进行导通和关闭,第二电子开关120的两个MOS管可以在两个方向上进行导通和关闭,使得能够实现在正负两个半波内导通的关闭,例如,该MOS管为PMOS管,例如,该MOS管为NMOS管。本实施例中,第一电子开关110的控制端为第一电子开关110的栅极,第二电子开关120的控制端为第二电子开关120的栅极,该第一电子开关110的第一端可以是源极,也可以是漏极, 该第二电子开关120的第一端可以是源极,也可以是漏极,控制模块130向第一电子开关110的栅极输入信号,使得第一电子开关110开启,向第二电子开关120的栅极输入信号,使得第一电子开关110开启。MOS管具有非常快的开关速度,能够使得控制模块130能够快速地对第一支路和第二支路的通断进行控制,能够进一步提高电流的切换效率,并且能够使得通断维持时间更短,以使得切换频率更高,进而使得非线性波形电流的精度更高。应该理解的是,第一电子开关110的两个MOS管以及第二电子开关的两个MOS管的连接可根据实际需求设置,本领域技术人员根据现有技术即可实现两个MOS管的连接,并实现在两个方向上的导通和关闭,本实施例中不累赘描述。In one embodiment, the first electronic switch 110 is a MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) field effect transistor, and the first electronic switch 110 includes two MOS transistors, the second The electronic switch 120 is a MOS tube, and the second electronic switch 120 includes two MOS tubes, so that for the sinusoidal current of the alternating current, the two MOS tubes of the first electronic switch 110 can be turned on and off in two directions. The two MOS transistors of the second electronic switch 120 can be turned on and off in two directions, so that the turn-off of the conduction in the positive and negative half-waves can be realized. For example, the MOS transistor is a PMOS transistor, for example, the The MOS transistor is an NMOS transistor. In this embodiment, the control end of the first electronic switch 110 is the gate of the first electronic switch 110, the control end of the second electronic switch 120 is the gate of the second electronic switch 120, and the first of the first electronic switch 110 The terminal may be a source or a drain. The first end of the second electronic switch 120 may be a source or a drain. The control module 130 inputs a signal to the gate of the first electronic switch 110. An electronic switch 110 is turned on to input a signal to the gate of the second electronic switch 120 such that the first electronic switch 110 is turned on. The MOS transistor has a very fast switching speed, enabling the control module 130 to quickly control the on and off of the first branch and the second branch, which can further improve the switching efficiency of the current and can make the on-off maintenance time shorter. In order to make the switching frequency higher, the accuracy of the nonlinear waveform current is higher. It should be understood that the connection between the two MOS tubes of the first electronic switch 110 and the two MOS tubes of the second electronic switch can be set according to actual needs, and those skilled in the art can realize the connection of two MOS tubes according to the prior art. And to achieve conduction and deactivation in both directions, which is not cumbersome in this embodiment.
在一个实施例中,所述第一电子开关为IGBT(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor,绝缘栅双极型晶体管),第一电子开关包括两个IGBT,在一个实施例中,所述第二电子开关为IGBT,第二电子开关包括两个IGBT,第一电子开关的两个IGBT以及第二电子开关的两个IGBT同样可以实现分别在正弦波的正负半波上实现导通和关闭。具体地,本实施例中,第一电子开关110的控制端为第一电子开关110的栅极,该第一电子开关110的第一端可以是漏极,也可以是源极,第二电子开关120控制端为第二电子开关120的栅极,该第二电子开关120的第一端可以是漏极,也可以是源极,这样,控制模块130向第一电子开关110的栅极以及第二电子开关120的栅极输入信号,即可实现对第一电子开关110和第二电子开关120的通断的控制。In one embodiment, the first electronic switch is an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), and the first electronic switch includes two IGBTs. In one embodiment, the second electronic switch is The IGBT, the second electronic switch comprises two IGBTs, the two IGBTs of the first electronic switch and the two IGBTs of the second electronic switch can also achieve conduction and closing respectively on the positive and negative half waves of the sine wave. Specifically, in this embodiment, the control end of the first electronic switch 110 is the gate of the first electronic switch 110, and the first end of the first electronic switch 110 may be a drain or a source, and the second electronic The control terminal is a gate of the second electronic switch 120, and the first end of the second electronic switch 120 can be a drain or a source, such that the control module 130 is directed to the gate of the first electronic switch 110 and The gate input signal of the second electronic switch 120 can realize the control of the on and off of the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120.
在一个实施例中,所述第一电子开关110为三极管,第一电子开关110包括两个三极管,所述第二电子开关120为三极管,第二电子开关120包括两个三极管。本实施例中,第一电子开关110的控制端为第一电子开关110的基极,该第一电子开关110的第一端可以是集电极,也可以是发射极,第二电子开关120控制端为第二电子开关120的基极,该第二电子开关120的第一端可以是集电极,也可以是发射极,这样,控制模块130向第一电子开关110的基极以及第二电子开关120的基极输入信号,即可实现对第一电子开关110和第二电子开关120的通断的控制。In one embodiment, the first electronic switch 110 is a triode, the first electronic switch 110 includes two triodes, the second electronic switch 120 is a triode, and the second electronic switch 120 includes two triodes. In this embodiment, the control end of the first electronic switch 110 is the base of the first electronic switch 110, and the first end of the first electronic switch 110 may be a collector or an emitter, and the second electronic switch 120 controls The first end of the second electronic switch 120 may be a collector or an emitter. Thus, the control module 130 is directed to the base of the first electronic switch 110 and the second electron. The base input signal of the switch 120 can realize the control of the on and off of the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120.
如图2所示,其为本发明一实施例的非线性负荷功率与电能测量装置10, 包括波形分裂装置100和试验电路,波形分裂装置100包括:第一电子开关110、第二电子开关120、第一电阻R1、第二电阻R2和控制模块130;所述第一电子开关110的第一端以及所述第二电子开关120的第一端分别用于与电流输入端连接,所述第一电子开关110的第二端与所述第一电阻R1的第一端连接,所述第二电子开关120的第二端与所述第二电阻R2的第二端连接,所述第一电阻R1的第二端以及所述第二电阻R2的第二端分别用于与电流输出端连接;所述控制模块130分别与所述第一电子开关110的控制端以及所述第二电子开关120的控制端连接。As shown in FIG. 2, it is a non-linear load power and energy measuring device 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes a waveform splitting device 100 and a test circuit. The waveform splitting device 100 includes a first electronic switch 110 and a second electronic switch 120. a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and a control module 130; the first end of the first electronic switch 110 and the first end of the second electronic switch 120 are respectively connected to a current input end, a second end of the electronic switch 110 is connected to the first end of the first resistor R1, and a second end of the second electronic switch 120 is connected to the second end of the second resistor R2, the first resistor a second end of the R1 and a second end of the second resistor R2 are respectively connected to the current output end; the control module 130 is respectively connected to the control end of the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 The console connection.
本实施例中,第一电子开关110与第一电阻R1串联,第二电子开关120与第二电阻R2串联,第一电子开关110和第一电阻R1所在线路为第一支路,第二电子开关120和第二电阻R2所在线路为第一支路,这样,当控制模块130控制第一电子开关110开启,控制第二电子开关120关闭时,则第一支路导通,电流输入端的电流从第一支路输送至电流输出端,当控制模块130控制第二电子开关120开启,控制第一电子开关110关闭时,则第二支路导通,电流输入端的电流从第二支路输送至电流输出端。In this embodiment, the first electronic switch 110 is connected in series with the first resistor R1, the second electronic switch 120 is connected in series with the second resistor R2, and the first electronic switch 110 and the first resistor R1 are in the first branch and the second electronic The circuit where the switch 120 and the second resistor R2 are located is the first branch. Thus, when the control module 130 controls the first electronic switch 110 to be turned on and the second electronic switch 120 is controlled to be turned off, the first branch is turned on, and the current at the current input terminal is turned on. From the first branch to the current output terminal, when the control module 130 controls the second electronic switch 120 to be turned on, and controls the first electronic switch 110 to be turned off, the second branch is turned on, and the current at the current input terminal is transmitted from the second branch. To the current output.
为了使得电源输入端的电流能够得到均匀切分,在一个实施例中,所述第一电阻R1的阻值和所述第二电阻R2的阻值相同,这样,第一支路和第二支路具有相同的阻值,这样,能够实现电流输入端的电流在第一支路和第二支路中的快速切换,并且使得第一支路和第二支路电流更为精确,也即第一支路和第二支路的电流分别为电流输入端的电流的二分之一。In order to enable uniform current division of the current at the power input end, in one embodiment, the resistance of the first resistor R1 and the resistance of the second resistor R2 are the same, such that the first branch and the second branch Having the same resistance value, so that the current of the current input terminal can be quickly switched in the first branch and the second branch, and the current of the first branch and the second branch is more accurate, that is, the first branch The currents of the road and the second branch are respectively one-half of the current at the current input.
为了实现对非线性电能表的检测,在一个实施例中,如图2所示,非线性负荷功率与电能测量装置10还包括被试表140,所述被试表140串联在所述第一电子开关110以及所述第一电阻R1所在的第一支路,本实施例中,被试表140串联在第一支路中,被试表140为非线性负荷电能表,由于该被试表140串联在第一支路中,因此,该被试表140检测到的电流即为第一支路上的非线性的波形的电流,也就是正弦波被分裂后的波形的电流,该电能表测量的电流为电流输入端提供的电流的二分之一。In order to achieve detection of the non-linear energy meter, in one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the non-linear load power and energy measuring device 10 further includes a test table 140 in which the test table 140 is connected in series. The electronic switch 110 and the first branch where the first resistor R1 is located. In this embodiment, the test table 140 is connected in series in the first branch, and the test table 140 is a non-linear load electric energy meter, because the test table 140 is connected in series in the first branch. Therefore, the current detected by the test table 140 is the current of the nonlinear waveform on the first branch, that is, the current of the waveform after the sine wave is split, and the electric energy meter measures The current is one-half the current supplied to the current input.
为了检测干路的电流,也就是检测标准功率源输入的电流,一个实施例中, 如图2所示,非线性负荷功率与电能测量装置10还包括统标准电能表150,所述电流输出端用于与传统标准电能表150连接,将传统标准电能表150连接至电流输出端,也就是说,传统标准电能表150串联在干路中,传统标准电能表150与标准功率源的公共端Icom连接,这样,波形分裂装置100通过传统标准电能表150与标准功率源连接形成回路。该传统标准电能表150为已经经过正弦波溯源的标准表,传统线性标准表用于检测线性的正弦波电流,这样,传统标准电能表150即可测量得到电流输入端输入的正弦波电流,通过将被试表140与标准电能表150的电流进行对比检测,检测被试表140的电流是否为传统标准电能表150的二分之一,即可检测出被试表140检测的准确度。并且,通过干路将第一支路和第二支路的两个非线性波形合成正弦波波形的电流,传统标准表对干路的正弦波的测量核对被试表对非线性波的测量进行检定其是否可信,同时由于传统标准表测量的是正弦波且是经过标准溯源的,从而实现非线性波测量的标准溯源。In order to detect the current of the main circuit, that is, to detect the current input by the standard power source, in one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the non-linear load power and energy measuring device 10 further includes a standard electric energy meter 150, the current output end. For connecting with the traditional standard electric energy meter 150, the traditional standard electric energy meter 150 is connected to the current output end, that is, the traditional standard electric energy meter 150 is connected in series in the trunk road, and the traditional standard electric energy meter 150 and the common power source common end Icom The connection is such that the waveform splitting device 100 is connected to a standard power source through a conventional standard power meter 150 to form a loop. The conventional standard electric energy meter 150 is a standard meter that has been traced by a sine wave. The conventional linear standard meter is used to detect a linear sine wave current, so that the conventional standard electric energy meter 150 can measure the sinusoidal current input at the current input end. The test table 140 is compared with the current of the standard electric energy meter 150 to detect whether the current of the test table 140 is one-half of the traditional standard electric energy meter 150, and the accuracy of the test of the test table 140 can be detected. And, the two non-linear waveforms of the first branch and the second branch are combined into a sinusoidal waveform current through a trunk road, and the conventional standard table measures the sine wave of the trunk road to check the measurement of the nonlinear wave by the test table. It is verified whether it is credible, and because the traditional standard meter measures sine waves and is standard traceable, the standard traceability of nonlinear wave measurement is realized.
在另外的实施例中,如图3所示,非线性标准电能表180串联在所述第一电子开关110以及所述第一电阻R1所在的第一支路,也就是说,被试表140和非线性标准电能表180共同串联在所述第一电子开关110以及所述第一电阻R1所在的第一支路,本实施例中的非线性标准电能表180为经过溯源后的非线性标准表,该非线性标准表用于提供非线性波形检测的标准,这样,检测被试表140与非线性标准电能表180检测的电流是否相等,即可检测出被试表140检测的准确度,本实施例中,由于非线性标准电能表180可提供非线性波形检测的标准,进而使得在干路中无需串联传统标准电能表,在第一支路中即可实现被试表140的检测。In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the nonlinear standard electric energy meter 180 is connected in series with the first electronic switch 110 and the first branch where the first resistor R1 is located, that is, the test table 140. And the non-linear standard electric energy meter 180 is connected in series with the first electronic switch 110 and the first branch where the first resistor R1 is located. The nonlinear standard electric energy meter 180 in this embodiment is a nonlinear standard after traceability. The non-linear standard table is used to provide a standard for non-linear waveform detection, so that the accuracy of the detection of the test table 140 can be detected by detecting whether the currents detected by the test table 140 and the nonlinear standard electric energy meter 180 are equal. In this embodiment, since the non-linear standard electric energy meter 180 can provide a standard for non-linear waveform detection, thereby eliminating the need to connect a conventional standard electric energy meter in the main road, the detection of the test table 140 can be realized in the first branch.
例如,被试表140和标准电能表150还与电压输入端连接,该电压输入端为标准功率源的电压输出端,为被试表140和标准电能表150提供标准电压源的电压Vsource。For example, the test table 140 and the standard electric energy meter 150 are also connected to a voltage input terminal, which is a voltage output terminal of a standard power source, and provides a voltage Vsource of a standard voltage source for the test table 140 and the standard electric energy meter 150.
为了使得电源输入端的电流能够得到均匀切分,在一个实施例中,如图2所示,还包括平衡阻抗170,所述平衡阻抗170串联在所述第二电子开关以及所述第二电阻R2所在的第二支路。该平衡阻抗170的具有与被试表140相同的阻 抗,这样,能够使得第一支路和第二支路具有相同的阻抗,能够实现电流输入端的电流在第一支路和第二支路中的快速切换时的电流平衡,并且使得第一支路和第二支路电流更为精确,也即第一支路和第二支路的电流分别为电流输入端的电流的二分之一。In order to enable a uniform splitting of the current at the input of the power supply, in one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, a balanced impedance 170 is also included, the balanced impedance 170 being connected in series with the second electronic switch and the second resistor R2. The second leg. The balanced impedance 170 has the same impedance as the test table 140, so that the first branch and the second branch can have the same impedance, and the current at the current input can be realized in the first branch and the second branch. The current balance during fast switching and the first branch and the second branch current are more accurate, that is, the currents of the first branch and the second branch are respectively one-half of the current at the current input.
为了进一步减小被测表以及平衡阻抗170对电流的影响,例如,被试表140的阻值倍小于第一电阻R1的阻值,例如,平衡阻抗170的阻值倍小于第一电阻R2的阻值,也就是说,被试表140的阻值小于第一电阻R1的阻值的十分之一,或者说,第一电阻R1的阻值大于十倍的被试表140的阻值,平衡阻抗170的阻值小于第二电阻R2的阻值的十分之一,或者说,第二电阻R2的阻值大于十倍的平衡阻抗170的阻值。In order to further reduce the influence of the measured meter and the balanced impedance 170 on the current, for example, the resistance of the test table 140 is smaller than the resistance of the first resistor R1, for example, the resistance of the balanced impedance 170 is smaller than that of the first resistor R2. The resistance value, that is, the resistance value of the test table 140 is less than one tenth of the resistance value of the first resistor R1, or the resistance value of the first resistor R1 is greater than ten times the resistance value of the test table 140. The resistance of the balanced impedance 170 is less than one tenth of the resistance of the second resistor R2, or the resistance of the second resistor R2 is greater than the resistance of the balanced impedance 170 of ten times.
上述各实施例中,通过控制模块130对第一电子开关110以及第二电子开关120的控制,使得第一电子开关110和第二电子开关120周期性通断,将电流输入端输入的电流在切分为两份,形成两份非线性波形的电流,从而使得被试表140与第一电子开关110串联后能够测量非线性波形的电流。In the above embodiments, the control of the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 by the control module 130 causes the first electronic switch 110 and the second electronic switch 120 to be periodically turned on and off, and the current input to the current input terminal is Divided into two, a current of two non-linear waveforms is formed, so that the test table 140 can measure the current of the nonlinear waveform after being connected in series with the first electronic switch 110.
下面是一个具体的实施例:The following is a specific embodiment:
将试验电路的电流回路按照如图2所示的方法连接,虚线框内为波形分裂装置。波形分裂装置通过控制模块对电子开关A和B的控制,将测量电流分割成两份,分别送至被试仪表和平衡回路。试验波形如图4所示,被试仪表流过的电流为电子开关A波形,平衡阻抗上流过的电流为电子开关B波形,标准表上流过的为两者的合成。当控制模块对电子开关的切换控制的误差为可忽略的数量级时,可以认为流经标准表的电流为一个完整的正弦波。The current loop of the test circuit is connected as shown in FIG. 2, and the broken line frame is a waveform splitting device. The waveform splitting device controls the electronic switches A and B through the control module, and divides the measuring current into two parts, which are respectively sent to the instrument to be tested and the balance circuit. The test waveform is shown in Fig. 4. The current flowing through the instrument under test is the waveform of the electronic switch A. The current flowing through the balanced impedance is the waveform of the electronic switch B. The standard flow is the synthesis of the two. When the error of the control module's switching control of the electronic switch is negligible, the current flowing through the standard meter can be considered to be a complete sine wave.
图4描述了实验时施加的电流波形。其中的时间T为正弦波的周期,t为电子开关的通断维持时间,控制t的大小即可控制试验要求的非线性波形的频率特性,其中,一个通断维持时间t等于第一维持时间t 1与第二维持时间t 2之和。调整时间t的大小,可以改变试验对象的非线性响应特性的测试条件,时间t的较小值对应测试切换频率的较高。 Figure 4 depicts the current waveform applied during the experiment. The time T is the period of the sine wave, t is the on-off maintenance time of the electronic switch, and the magnitude of the control t can control the frequency characteristic of the nonlinear waveform required by the test, wherein an on-off maintenance time t is equal to the first maintenance time. The sum of t 1 and the second maintenance time t 2 . By adjusting the time t, the test condition of the nonlinear response characteristic of the test object can be changed, and the smaller value of the time t corresponds to a higher test switching frequency.
电子开关的控制原则是:在任何通断维持时间有且仅有一个电子开关处于导通状态,而流经标准表的电流为两个电子开关所流经电流的总和。典型的控 制两路电流的波形为为流经标准表的电流的波形的1/2,计算被试仪表电流与标准表的电流的1/2的差可得出被试仪表的测量误差。The control principle of the electronic switch is that there is only one electronic switch in the on state at any on-off maintenance time, and the current flowing through the standard meter is the sum of the currents flowing through the two electronic switches. The typical control of the two currents is 1/2 of the waveform of the current flowing through the standard meter. Calculating the difference between the current of the test instrument and the current of the standard meter is 1/2 to obtain the measurement error of the test instrument.
(1)如图1所示的波形分裂装置,其特征是利用电子开关将正弦波电流分割成互补的两部份,仅有其中一份电流是流经被试仪表或装置的,用于测量非线性负荷工况下被试仪表的电能计量特性;而另一份电流是流经平衡阻抗的,合成后的电流流经标准表。(1) The waveform splitting device shown in FIG. 1 is characterized in that the sinusoidal current is divided into two complementary parts by an electronic switch, and only one of the current flows through the instrument or device under test for measurement. The energy metering characteristics of the instrument under test under non-linear load conditions; while the other current flows through the balanced impedance, and the resultant current flows through the standard table.
(2)如图1所示的波形分裂装置,其特征是流经标准表的那个电流仍然是完整的正弦波,这样,就解决了标准表的溯源问题,同时又解决了被试仪表的准确度溯源的“可信性”问题。(2) The waveform splitting device shown in Fig. 1 is characterized in that the current flowing through the standard meter is still a complete sine wave, thus solving the traceability problem of the standard meter and solving the accuracy of the tested instrument. The "trustworthiness" problem of traceability.
(3)如图1所示的波形分裂装置,其特征是正弦波电流被分割成较高频率的两部分,改变分割的频率即可改变非线性工况功率/电能测量试验波形的非线性度。(3) The waveform splitting device shown in Fig. 1 is characterized in that the sinusoidal current is divided into two parts of higher frequency, and the frequency of the divided power can be changed to change the nonlinearity of the test waveform of the power/electric energy measurement in the nonlinear working condition. .
(4)本发明提出了在图1的基础上构建一种波形分裂装置。在传统检定设备的基础上,附加上此装置即可用于对电能计量仪表或装置的非线性负荷工况的电能计量特性的检定,而不用对原有的试验标准功率源和标准表进行改造。(4) The present invention proposes to construct a waveform splitting device based on FIG. On the basis of the traditional verification equipment, the device can be used to verify the energy metering characteristics of the non-linear load conditions of the electric energy meter or device, without modifying the original test standard power source and standard table.
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合,为使描述简洁,未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述,然而,只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾,都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. For the sake of brevity of description, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described. However, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of these technical features, All should be considered as the scope of this manual.
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进,这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此,本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that a number of variations and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种波形分裂装置,其特征在于,包括:第一电子开关、第二电子开关和控制模块;A waveform splitting device, comprising: a first electronic switch, a second electronic switch, and a control module;
    所述第一电子开关的第一端以及所述第二电子开关的第一端分别用于与电流输入端连接,所述第一电子开关的第二端用于与第一电流输出端连接,所述第二电子开关的第二端用于与第二电流输出端连接;The first end of the first electronic switch and the first end of the second electronic switch are respectively connected to the current input end, and the second end of the first electronic switch is used for connecting with the first current output end, The second end of the second electronic switch is configured to be connected to the second current output end;
    所述控制模块分别与所述第一电子开关的控制端以及所述第二电子开关的控制端连接;The control module is respectively connected to a control end of the first electronic switch and a control end of the second electronic switch;
    所述控制模块用于在任一通断维持时间,仅控制所述第一电子开关和所述第二电子开关中的其中一个开启。The control module is configured to control only one of the first electronic switch and the second electronic switch to be turned on during any on-off maintenance time.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的波形分裂装置,其特征在于,还包括电流检测模块,所述电流检测模块的一端用于与电流输入端连接,且所述电流检测模块的另一端分别与所述第一电子开关的第一端以及所述第二电子开关的第一端连接。The waveform splitting device according to claim 1, further comprising a current detecting module, one end of the current detecting module is connected to the current input end, and the other end of the current detecting module is respectively connected to the first A first end of an electronic switch and a first end of the second electronic switch are coupled.
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的波形分裂装置,其特征在于,所述第一电子开关为MOS管。The waveform splitting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first electronic switch is a MOS transistor.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的波形分裂装置,其特征在于,所述第二电子开关为MOS管。The waveform splitting apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said second electronic switch is a MOS transistor.
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的波形分裂装置,其特征在于,所述第一电子开关为IGBT。The waveform splitting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first electronic switch is an IGBT.
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的波形分裂装置,其特征在于,所述第二电子开关为IGBT。The waveform splitting apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said second electronic switch is an IGBT.
  7. 根据权利要求1或2所述的波形分裂装置,其特征在于,所述第一电子开关为三极管。The waveform splitting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first electronic switch is a triode.
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的波形分裂装置,其特征在于,所述第二电子开关为三极管。The waveform splitting apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said second electronic switch is a triode.
  9. 根据权利要求1或2所述的非线性负荷功率输出装置,其特征在于,还包括第一电阻和第二电阻,所述第一电子开关的第二端通过所述第一电阻与第一电流输出端连接,所述第二电子开关的第二端通过所述第二电阻与第二电流 输出端连接。The non-linear load power output device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a first resistor and a second resistor, wherein the second end of the first electronic switch passes the first resistor and the first current The output terminal is connected, and the second end of the second electronic switch is connected to the second current output terminal through the second resistor.
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的波形分裂装置,其特征在于,所述第一电阻的阻值和所述第二电阻的阻值相同。The waveform splitting device according to claim 9, wherein the resistance of said first resistor and the resistance of said second resistor are the same.
PCT/CN2018/104514 2017-10-16 2018-09-07 Waveform splitter WO2019076164A1 (en)

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