WO2019075756A1 - 麻醉机及其回路排水装置 - Google Patents

麻醉机及其回路排水装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019075756A1
WO2019075756A1 PCT/CN2017/107133 CN2017107133W WO2019075756A1 WO 2019075756 A1 WO2019075756 A1 WO 2019075756A1 CN 2017107133 W CN2017107133 W CN 2017107133W WO 2019075756 A1 WO2019075756 A1 WO 2019075756A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve
carbon dioxide
state
absorption tank
dioxide absorption
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2017/107133
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
罗才瑾
陈培涛
邬学涛
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shenzhen Mindray Bio Medical Electronics Co Ltd
Shenzhen Mindray Scientific Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shenzhen Mindray Bio Medical Electronics Co Ltd
Shenzhen Mindray Scientific Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shenzhen Mindray Bio Medical Electronics Co Ltd, Shenzhen Mindray Scientific Co Ltd filed Critical Shenzhen Mindray Bio Medical Electronics Co Ltd
Priority to PCT/CN2017/107133 priority Critical patent/WO2019075756A1/zh
Priority to CN201780095156.4A priority patent/CN111182937B/zh
Publication of WO2019075756A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019075756A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/01—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes specially adapted for anaesthetising

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to an anesthesia machine and a circuit drainage device thereof.
  • the anesthesiologist uses an anesthesia machine to anesthetize the patient during anesthesia.
  • the patient's breathing produces moisture, and the carbon dioxide in the exhaled gas of the patient reacts with the sodium and lime to generate a large amount of water, which is easy to be in the circuit. Condensate is produced, especially at the back end of the expiratory flow sensor, which is more pronounced.
  • the present invention is directed to an anesthesia machine and a circuit drain device thereof that can discharge condensed water when the carbon dioxide absorption tank is disassembled.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a circuit drain device for discharging condensed water of an anesthesia breathing circuit when disassembling a carbon dioxide absorption tank, the circuit drain device comprising:
  • a water reservoir and a drain valve are disposed on the drainage passage;
  • the drain valve has a first state and a second state; wherein, when the drain valve is in the first state, the drain valve blocks a passage between the water reservoir and the carbon dioxide absorption tank, So that the condensed water of the breathing circuit is stored in the water storage chamber; when the drain valve is in the second state, the drain valve is electrically connected between the water storage chamber and the carbon dioxide absorption tank a passage for discharging condensed water in the water reservoir into the carbon dioxide absorption tank; and
  • a triggering device for switching the drain valve from the first state to the second state when the carbon dioxide absorption tank is removed.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a circuit drain device for discharging condensed water of an anesthesia breathing circuit when disassembling a carbon dioxide absorption tank, the circuit drain device comprising:
  • a water accumulating cavity disposed on the drainage passage, the water accumulating cavity comprising a first portion and a second portion, and the first portion is in communication with the breathing circuit;
  • a drain valve disposed on the drain passage having a first state and a second state; wherein the drain valve blocks the first portion and the second portion when the drain valve is in the first state a passage between the second portion and the carbon dioxide absorption tank; and when the drain valve is in the second state, the drain valve conducts the first portion and the first a passage between the two portions and blocking a passage between the second portion and the carbon dioxide absorption tank; and
  • a triggering device for switching the drain valve from the first state to the second state when the carbon dioxide absorption tank is removed; and, when loading the carbon dioxide absorption tank, the drain valve from the first The two states switch to the first state.
  • an anesthesia machine is provided in an embodiment of the present application, including the circuit drainage device described above.
  • the anesthesia machine and the circuit drainage device thereof are controlled by the trigger device because the drain valve for adjusting the accumulated water volume for collecting the condensed water and discharging the condensed water in the circuit drain device is driven by the trigger device, and the trigger device is promoted when the carbon dioxide absorption tank is disassembled
  • the drain valve operates to discharge the condensed water in the breathing circuit into the carbon dioxide absorption tank when the carbon dioxide absorption tank is disassembled, and the sodium stone in the clean carbon dioxide absorption tank When ash is used, the condensed water is treated together, and the operation is simple.
  • FIG. 1 is a breathing circuit diagram of an anesthesia machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a breathing circuit diagram of a bypass valve conducting a branch of an absorption tank when a carbon dioxide absorption tank is installed in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a breathing circuit diagram of a bypass valve conducting a bypass branch when a carbon dioxide absorption tank is removed in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a state of interception of a drainage passage according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a conduction state of a drain passage according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view showing a state in which a drain valve blocks a drainage passage and a water storage chamber stores condensed water according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view showing a state in which a drain valve conducts a drain passage and discharges condensed water in a water storage chamber according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 8 is a view showing a state of a drain passage when a water storage chamber stores condensed water when a carbon dioxide absorption tank is installed in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 9 is a view showing a state of a drain passage when a carbon dioxide absorption tank is removed and a condensed water is discharged into a carbon dioxide absorption tank according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 10 is a view showing a drain valve in a first state when a carbon dioxide absorption tank is installed in an embodiment of the present invention. Schematic diagram of the state of the state;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of a drain valve when a drain passage is sealed and condensed water is discharged into a carbon dioxide absorption tank when the carbon dioxide absorption tank is removed according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 12 is a circuit diagram showing a state in which a first portion of a water storage chamber stores condensed water, and a second portion of the condensed water of the water storage chamber is discharged into the carbon dioxide absorption tank when the carbon dioxide absorption tank is installed according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 13 is a second part of the first portion of the water storage chamber discharged into the water storage chamber when the carbon dioxide absorption tank is removed according to an embodiment of the present invention, the drain valve is in the second state and the circuit state of the drain passage is sealed.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic view showing the structure of a drain valve when condensed water is discharged into a carbon dioxide absorption tank when a carbon dioxide absorption tank is installed in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 15 is a schematic view showing the structure of a drain valve for sealing a drain passage when a carbon dioxide absorption tank is removed in an embodiment of the present invention
  • 16 is a schematic view showing a connection between a drainage passage and an intake branch according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 17 is a schematic view showing the connection of a drain passage and an intake branch in accordance with still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • an anesthesia machine has a breathing circuit including an inspiratory branch, an expiratory branch, and an absorption can branch.
  • the inspiratory branch includes an inhalation port 3, an inspiratory flow sensor 5, and an inhalation check valve 7, one end of the inspiratory branch is in communication with the patient line 2, and the other end is connected to the fresh air port 11 and the absorption tank.
  • the branches are connected.
  • the inspiratory flow sensor 5 is located between the inspiratory port 3 and the inspiratory check valve 7 to allow the inspiratory flow sensor 5 to monitor the inspiratory flow rate during the inhalation phase; and during the expiratory phase, due to the patient 1 exhalation
  • the pressure forces the inhalation check valve 7 to close, so that the gas exhaled by the patient 1 can only flow to the expiratory limb.
  • the expiratory limb includes an expiratory interface 4, an expiratory flow sensor 6 and an expiratory check valve 8, one end of the expiratory limb is in communication with the patient line 2, and the other end is connected to the driving air interface 12 and the absorption tank branch through.
  • the expiratory flow sensor 6 is located between the exhalation port 4 and the expiratory check valve 8 to allow the expiratory flow sensor 6 to monitor the flow of gas exhaled by the patient 1 during the exhalation phase.
  • a driving device (not shown) is connected to the driving air interface 12, and the gas exhaled by the patient 1 can flow into the driving device through the exhalation branch.
  • the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 is provided on the absorption tank branch.
  • the absorption tank branch 9a is connected between the suction check valve 7 and the fresh air port 11 to communicate with the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9, and the absorption tank branch 9b is taken between the exhalation check valve 8 and the drive air port 12. It is in communication with the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9.
  • fresh gas carrying anesthetic gas and oxygen flows from the fresh air port 11 through the absorption tank branch 9a, the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 and the absorption tank branch 9b, and passes through the gas exhaled by the patient 1.
  • the drive air interface 12 flows to the drive.
  • the driving device drives the mixture containing the gas exhaled by the patient 1 and the fresh gas from the driving air interface 12, at which time the exhalation check valve 8 is closed under the driving air pressure; the mixed air flow passes through the absorption tank branch 9b, two After the oxidized carbon absorption tank 9 and the absorption tank branch 9a, the fresh air flowing in from the fresh air port 11 flows through the suction check valve 7, the intake air flow sensor 5, and the suction port 3, and finally flows through the patient tube.
  • Road 2 enters the patient 1 and completes a breathing cycle.
  • the sodium lime contained in the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 when the mixed gas flows through the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9, the sodium lime chemically reacts with the carbon dioxide exhaled by the patient in the mixed gas to generate water and generate heat. Eliminate carbon dioxide in the mixture and humidify the mixture to make it more comfortable for patients to inhale.
  • the absorption tank branch 9a is connected to the suction branch via the bypass tank 13c via the absorption tank branch 9c, and the absorption tank branch 9b passes through the bypass valve 13b via the absorption tank branch 9d and the exhalation branch.
  • a bypass branch 13c is provided between the bypass valve 13a and the bypass valve 13b.
  • the resetting device drives the carbon dioxide absorption tank bypass valve 13a and the carbon dioxide absorption tank bypass valve 13b in another working position, that is, the absorption tank branch 9d and the absorption tank.
  • the branch 9c is connected by the bypass branch 13c, so that the replacement of the sodium lime during the operation can still be ventilated.
  • a circuit drain is provided in the expiratory branch to discharge the condensed water of the anesthesia exhalation branch when the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 is removed.
  • the circuit drain includes a drain passage, a water reservoir 10, a drain valve 14, and a triggering device.
  • the drainage passage is connected between the expiratory branch and the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9. Specifically, a bypass can be drawn between the expiratory flow sensor 6 and the exhalation check valve 8, and the bypass is connected to the drainage passage; Further, condensed water can flow from the bypass through the drainage passage.
  • the water storage chamber 10 and the drain valve 14 are disposed on the drainage passage, and the drainage valve 14 controls the opening and closing of the drainage passage, so that the water storage chamber 10 collects the condensed water of the exhalation branch or discharges the condensed water.
  • the drain valve 14 is triggered between two states (hereinafter referred to as the first state and the second state). Switching to control the blockage or conduction of the drain passage, so that the water reservoir chamber 10 stores the condensed water or discharges the condensed water to realize the condensed water discharged from the exhalation branch when the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 is disassembled.
  • the water storage chamber 10 can accommodate at least one water accumulated in the circuit during the sodium-lime replacement process, or the amount of water formed by the patient's operation, for example, 3 ml, 5 ml, 8 ml, 10 ml, 20 ml or more.
  • the operation of disassembling and disassembling the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 for draining may discharge the condensed water into the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 when the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 is removed, or may discharge the condensed water when the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 is installed. Into the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9.
  • the drain valve 14 when the drain valve 14 is a two-way valve, the drain valve 14 has a first valve port 14a and a second valve port 14b.
  • the drain valve 14 blocks the passage between the water reservoir chamber 10 and the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9, at which time the first valve port 14a and the second valve port 14b are The water is in the cut-off state, so that the condensed water cannot flow into the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 through the water storage chamber 10, and is intercepted by the drain valve 14 in the water storage chamber 10, so that the condensed water of the exhalation branch is stored in the water storage chamber 10.
  • the drain valve 14 when the drain valve 14 is in the second state, the drain valve 14 conducts a passage between the water accumulating chamber 10 and the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9, at which time the first valve port 14a and the second valve port 14b Between the two, the condensed water stored in the water storage chamber 10 can be discharged from the second valve port 14b into the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9, and when the sodium and lime is reacted and the carbon dioxide absorption tank needs to be disassembled to supplement the sodium lime. The condensate can be removed together.
  • the triggering means can switch the drain valve 14 between the first state and the second state in response to the action of disassembling the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 by means of photoelectric activation.
  • the triggering device includes a sensor or a micro switch.
  • the drain valve 14 uses a solenoid valve; when the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 is disassembled, the state of the sensor or the micro switch changes to trigger the solenoid valve in the first state and The second state is switched to realize that the water storage chamber 10 stores the condensed water or discharges the condensed water into the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9.
  • the triggering device may also switch the drain valve 14 in the first state and the second state in response to the action of disassembling the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 by means of mechanical triggering.
  • the drain valve 14 includes a valve seat 141 and a valve core 142, and the spool 142 phase
  • the valve seat 141 is moved, switching between the first state and the second state is achieved, so that the water storage chamber 10 stores the condensed water or discharges the condensed water into the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9.
  • the drain valve 14 is switched between the first state and the second state, and the movement of the spool 142 relative to the valve seat 141 may be in various forms, for example, the spool 142 moves up and down relative to the valve seat 141 to implement the drain valve 14
  • the opening and closing may also be that the spool 142 is rotated relative to the valve seat 141 such that the spool 142 opens or closes the drain valve 14 when the valve seat 142 is rotated by a certain angle with respect to the valve seat 141.
  • the circuit draining device will be further described below by taking the opening and closing of the spool 142 relative to the valve seat 141 to control the opening and closing of the drain valve 14.
  • the valve seat 141 is oppositely provided with a first valve port 14a and a second valve port 14b.
  • the valve seat 141 is provided with a first sealing valve port 1411.
  • a first sealing valve piece 1421 is disposed on the valve body 142. When the valve core 142 moves relative to the valve seat 141, the first sealing valve piece 1421 selectively blocks or turns on the first sealing valve port 1411, thereby implementing the opening or closing of the drain valve 14, thereby controlling the water storage volume 10 to store the condensed water. Or drain the condensate.
  • the water storage volume 10 may be constituted by an inner cavity surrounded by the valve seat 141 itself to block the first sealing valve port 1411 when the first sealing valve piece 1421 blocks.
  • the condensed water is intercepted and stored in the cavity enclosed by the valve seat 141.
  • the water storage cavity 10 may also be an external cavity communicating with the inner cavity enclosed by the valve seat 141 to store condensed water when the first sealing valve port 1411 is closed; when the first sealing valve port 1411 is opened The condensed water is discharged into the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 through the first sealing valve port 1411 to remove the condensed water when the sodium lime is replaced, and further, since the water storage chamber storing the condensed water is disposed outside the drain valve 14, the drain valve 14
  • the valve seat 141 can be used without the need for a large volume, that is, a small drain valve 14 is provided in the drain passage to satisfy the need for the water reservoir 10 to store condensed water or discharge condensate.
  • the triggering device includes a drive assembly 9f and a reset assembly.
  • the drive assembly 9f is for moving the spool 142 relative to the valve seat 141 when the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 is installed; the reset assembly is for driving the spool 142 to move in the opposite direction with respect to the valve seat 141 when the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 is removed.
  • the spool 142 of the drain valve 14 is moved in the opposite direction, respectively, thereby effecting the switching of the drain valve 14 in the first state and the second state.
  • the driving assembly 9f includes a bottom plate, and the bottom plate is disposed between the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 and the spool 142.
  • the bottom plate is arranged to be pressed by the carbon dioxide absorption tank when the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 is installed, thereby driving the valve core 142 to move relative to the valve seat 141, placing the drain valve 14 in the first state, blocking the drainage passage and causing the condensed water to be intercepted at The water accumulates in the cavity 10.
  • the drain valve 14 is returned to the second state by the driving of the resetting assembly, and the drainage passage is turned on to discharge the water in the chamber 10.
  • valve core 142 can be interlocked with the driving component 9f by means of a fixed connection between the driving component 9f and the valve core 142, and the end of the valve core 142 close to the driving component 9f and the driving component can also be abutted. 9f is offset, and is not limited here.
  • the reset assembly can directly or indirectly drive the spool 142 to move in the opposite direction relative to the valve seat 141 to return the drain valve 14 to the second state.
  • a reset assembly can be disposed between the drive assembly and the valve seat 141, and the spool 142 is fixed to the drive assembly such that when the carbon dioxide absorption canister is removed, the reset assembly drives the drive assembly relative to the valve seat 141 to drive The assembly drives the spool 142 to move relative to the valve seat 141.
  • the reset assembly acts directly on the spool 142 to provide a restoring force to the spool 142 to move the spool 142 relative to the valve seat 141.
  • the resetting assembly includes an elastic member configured to elastically deform the elastic member when the carbon dioxide absorption tank is installed to move the valve body 142 relative to the valve seat 141; the elastic member is removed when the carbon dioxide absorption tank is removed The elastic restoring force urges the spool 142 to move in the opposite direction relative to the valve seat 141 to place the drain valve 14 in the second state.
  • the elastic member may be a structure that provides elastic restoring force such as a compression spring, a tension spring, a torsion spring, a spring piece, or a spring washer.
  • the elastic element can be assembled according to the actual situation.
  • the elastic element can be sleeved on the valve core 142, or the elastic element can be abutted between the bottom plate and the valve seat 141, and both can be the valve core.
  • the 142 provides an elastic restoring force to move the spool 142 relative to the valve seat 141 to open the drain valve 14 when the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 is removed.
  • the drain valve 14 employs a two-position three-way valve, i.e., the drain valve 14 also has a third valve port 14c.
  • the first valve port 14a and the third valve port 14c are turned on to allow the condensed water of the exhalation branch to flow through the first valve port 14a and the third valve port 14c.
  • the second port 14b communicating with the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 is closed, so that the condensed water is intercepted and stored in the water storage chamber 10, while preventing the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 from being connected through the drainage passage.
  • the exhalation check valve 8 is disabled by the upstream of the exhalation check valve 8.
  • the second port 14b and the third valve port 14c are connected to discharge the condensed water in the water storage chamber 10 through the third valve port 14c into the second valve.
  • the carbon dioxide isolating tank 9 communicated with the port 14b, and when the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 is removed, the condensed water is discharged so that the condensed water is poured together with the nano-lime when the nano-lime in the carbon dioxide absorption tank is cleaned.
  • the drainage passage is blocked or turned on to store the condensed water or the condensed water in the water storage chamber 10, and the drainage passage is always sealed to ensure that the drainage passage is always sealed.
  • the breathing circuit is kept isolated from the outside, so that after the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 is removed, the working state can be maintained, and after the replacement of the nano-lime, the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 is reconnected to the breathing circuit.
  • the circuit draining device will be further described below by taking the opening and closing of the spool 142 relative to the valve seat 141 to control the opening and closing of the drain valve 14.
  • a second sealing valve port 1412 is disposed in the valve seat 141.
  • a second sealing valve piece 1422 is disposed on the valve core 142, and the second sealing valve port 1412 is located at the first valve port.
  • a third valve port 14c communicating with the water storage cavity 10 is formed between the second sealing valve port 1412 and the first sealing valve port 1411.
  • the structure of the drain valve 14 is further described by taking the upper and lower relative movements of the valve core 142 and the valve seat 141 as an example, but in fact, the relative movement between the valve body 142 and the valve seat 141 It can also be a rotary motion, which will not be repeated here.
  • the second sealing valve piece 1422 Leaving the second sealing valve port 1412 to make the first valve port 14a and the third valve port 14c open, at the same time, the first sealing valve piece 1421 blocks the first sealing valve port 1411 to communicate with the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9
  • the two valve ports 14b are in an off state, so that condensed water cannot flow from the water storage chamber 10 into the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9, and the condensed water flows through the first valve port 14a and the third valve port 14c to be stored in the water storage chamber 10.
  • the second seal valve piece 1422 closes the second seal valve port 1412 to block the first valve port 14a and the third valve port 14c, and at the same time, the first seal The valve piece 1421 opens the first sealing valve port 1411 to open the second valve port 14b communicating with the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9, so that the condensed water flows into the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 from the water storage chamber 10, and is completed.
  • the condensed water is discharged.
  • the second sealing valve piece 1422 closes the second sealing valve port 1412, the breathing circuit does not communicate with the outside through the drainage branch, and the breathing circuit is removed from the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 It can still be kept working when changing the lime.
  • the drain valve 14 may be the structure as shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 , and may be other structures, for example, the first sealing valve piece 1421 and the second sealing valve piece 1422 .
  • the two are not rigid connections, but two structures that do not interfere with each other to selectively close or open the first sealing valve port 1411 and the second sealing valve port 1412 respectively.
  • the drain valve 14 may be composed of multiple The two-way valve or the one-way valve is formed, or that one valve seat 141 cooperates with the plurality of valve cores 142 to realize the switching of the drain valve 14 between the first state and the second state, which will not be further described herein.
  • the action of discharging the condensed water into the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 may be performed not when the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 is removed, or when the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 is installed.
  • the water reservoir has two portions, a first portion 10a and a second portion 10b, and the first portion 10a and the second portion 10b are in communication with the first valve port 14a and the third valve port 14c, respectively.
  • the first valve port 14a is in an off state, so that the condensed water 10 is stored at the first portion 10a, and when the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 is removed, the state of the drain valve 14 is removed with the carbon dioxide absorption tank.
  • the action changes, that is, as shown in FIG.
  • the first valve port 14a and the third valve port 14c are connected, so that the first portion 10a communicates with the second portion 10b, thereby discharging the condensed water in the first portion 10a into the first portion.
  • the second part 10b further in the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 At this time, the state of the drain valve 14 is changed, returning to as shown in FIG.
  • the drain valve 14 provided in the present embodiment can discharge the condensed water into the carbon dioxide absorption tank when the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 is installed.
  • the second sealing valve port 1412 in the valve seat 141 is located downstream of the first sealing valve port 1411.
  • the second sealing valve piece 1422 leaves the second sealing valve port 1412 to make the second valve port 14b and the third valve port 14c open, and the second portion 10b of the water storage cavity absorbs carbon dioxide
  • the tank 9 is in communication, that is, at this time, the condensed water in the second portion 10b of the water storage chamber is discharged into the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9.
  • the first sealing valve piece 1421 blocks the first sealing valve port 1411 such that the first valve port 14a communicating with the expiratory branch is in an off state, so that the condensed water cannot flow from the first portion 10a of the water reservoir.
  • the second portion 10b of the water chamber is used to store condensed water in the water reservoir 10a.
  • the second seal valve piece 1422 closes the second seal valve port 1412 to block the second valve port 14b and the third valve port 14c, and at the same time, the first seal The valve piece 1421 opens the first sealing valve port 1411 to bring the first valve port 14a and the third valve port 14c into a conducting state, since the first portion 10a and the second portion 10b are respectively connected to the first valve port 14a and the third valve port 14c is in communication, so that the first portion 10a and the second portion 10b communicate with each other such that condensed water flows into the second portion 10b from the first portion 10a; when the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9 is installed, the state of the drain valve 14 changes, that is, As shown in Figure 14, the second sealing valve piece 1422 leaves the second seal The valve port 1412 causes the second valve port 14b to communicate with the third valve port 14c, and the second portion 10b of the water reservoir is in communication with the carbon dioxide absorption tank 9, thereby condensing in the second portion 10
  • the drain valve 14 may be of the structure as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, or may be other structures.
  • the first portion 10a of the water reservoir and/or the second portion 10b of the water reservoir It may be a cavity enclosed by the valve seat 141 or a cavity independent of the valve seat 141.
  • the first portion 10a of the water storage cavity may be disposed at the first valve port 14a and the expiratory branch of the drain valve 14. Between the roads, so that when the passage between the first valve port 14a and the third valve port 14c is closed, the condensed water of the expiratory branch is intercepted and stored in the first portion 10a of the water reservoir.
  • the drain valve 14 may be composed of a plurality of two-way valves or one-way valves, or one valve seat 141 cooperates with the plurality of valve cores 142 to realize the drain valve 14 in the first state and Switching between the second states will not be repeated here.
  • the structure and arrangement of the circuit drainage device are described by collecting the condensed water at the exhalation branch.
  • Those skilled in the art can arrange the circuit drain device at any position of the breathing circuit to perform collection and discharge of condensed water according to the above embodiment. That is to say, according to actual needs, the above-mentioned circuit drainage device can be disposed in a place where the breathing circuit is prone to generate condensed water.
  • the above-mentioned circuit drainage device is disposed in the inhalation branch, and specifically, can be inhaled.
  • the bypass between the flow sensor 5 and the suction check valve 7 is in communication with the drain passage, so that the bypass drain allows the circuit drain to collect and discharge the condensed water generated by the intake branch.
  • the drain passage in the circuit drain device is not limited.
  • the drain passage of the circuit drain device communicates with the side of the intake air flow sensor 5 that is away from the intake check valve 7 through the above.
  • the circuit drain can still be used to collect and discharge condensate.
  • the above-mentioned circuit drainage device can be disposed at other positions of the breathing circuit.
  • a tube which is easy to generate water in the breathing circuit can be disposed.
  • the circuit drainage device is disposed on the expiratory limb, and details are not described herein again.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)

Abstract

一种麻醉机及其回路排水装置，回路排水装置用于在更换二氧化碳吸收罐(9)时排出麻醉机呼吸回路的冷凝水，回路排水装置包括积水容腔(10)，具有第一阀口(14a)和第二阀口(14b)；第一阀口(14a)与呼吸回路相连通；第二阀口(14b)与二氧化碳吸收罐(9)相连通；排水阀(14)，具有第一状态和第二状态；其中，当排水阀(14)处于第一状态时，排水阀(14)阻塞积水容腔(10)，以收集呼吸回路的冷凝水；当排水阀(14)处于第二状态时，排水阀(14)导通积水容腔(10)，以将积水容腔(10)内的冷凝水排入二氧化碳吸收罐(9)；及触发装置，用于在拆装二氧化碳吸收罐(9)时，使排水阀(14)在第一状态和第二状态之间切换。

Description

麻醉机及其回路排水装置 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域，特别是涉及一种麻醉机及其回路排水装置。
背景技术
在麻醉手术中，麻醉医生使用麻醉机给病人做麻醉过程中，随着呼吸动作，患者呼吸会产生潮气，并且患者呼出气体中的二氧化碳与钠石灰反应后会生成大量的水，容易在回路中会产生冷凝水，特别是呼气流量传感器后端，此现象更为明显。
在回路中存留过多的冷凝水会对气体流量传感器、氧浓度传感器等部件产生影响，造成测量数据不准确；而且，大量的冷凝水积累在呼吸回路中，会造成较大的呼吸阻力。
目前，通常采用在回路上设置积水杯或冷凝器对呼气支路的冷凝水进行收集，然而这种方式，需要拆下积水杯或按冷凝器上的按钮进行定期排水。医护人员容易忘记清空积水杯里的冷凝水，而导致回路内长期积有大量冷凝水，除了给通气和监测带来严重的影响，还容易滋生细菌，给患者健康带来风险。
发明内容
基于此，本发明旨在提供可以在拆装二氧化碳吸收罐时排出冷凝水的麻醉机及其回路排水装置。
一方面，本申请的实施例中还提供了一种回路排水装置，用于在拆装二氧化碳吸收罐时排出麻醉机呼吸回路的冷凝水，所述回路排水装置包括：
排水通路，与二氧化碳吸收罐相连通；
积水容腔和排水阀，设于所述排水通路上；
所述排水阀具有第一状态和第二状态；其中，当所述排水阀处于所述第一状态时，所述排水阀阻塞所述积水容腔与所述二氧化碳吸收罐之间的通路，以使呼吸回路的冷凝水贮存在所述积水容腔内；当所述排水阀处于所述第二状态时，所述排水阀导通所述积水容腔与所述二氧化碳吸收罐之间的通路，以将所述积水容腔内的冷凝水排入所述二氧化碳吸收罐；及
触发装置，用于在拆下二氧化碳吸收罐时，使所述排水阀从所述第一状态切换到所述第二状态。
另一方面，本申请的实施例中还提供了一种回路排水装置，用于在拆装二氧化碳吸收罐时排出麻醉机呼吸回路的冷凝水，所述回路排水装置包括：
排水通路，与二氧化碳吸收罐相连通；
积水容腔，设于所述排水通路上，所述积水容腔包括第一部分和第二部分，且所述第一部分与所述呼吸回路相连通；
排水阀，设于所述排水通路上，具有第一状态和第二状态；其中，当所述排水阀处于所述第一状态时，所述排水阀阻塞所述第一部分与所述第二部分之间的通路并导通所述第二部分与所述二氧化碳吸收罐之间的通路；当所述排水阀处于所述第二状态时，所述排水阀导通所述第一部分与所述第二部分之间的通路并阻塞所述第二部分与所述二氧化碳吸收罐之间的通路；及
触发装置，用于在拆下二氧化碳吸收罐时，使所述排水阀从所述第一状态切换到所述第二状态；以及在装入二氧化碳吸收罐时，使所述排水阀从所述第二状态切换到所述第一状态。
再一方面，本申请的实施例中提供了一种麻醉机，包括上述的回路排水装置。
上述麻醉机及其回路排水装置，由于回路排水装置中用于调节积水容腔收集冷凝水和排出冷凝水的排水阀由触发装置控制，而且该触发装置在进行拆装二氧化碳吸收罐时才促使排水阀动作，进而将呼吸回路中的冷凝水在拆装二氧化碳吸收罐时排入二氧化碳吸收罐，在清洁二氧化碳吸收罐中的钠石 灰时，一起处理冷凝水，操作简便。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他实施例的附图。
图1为本发明一实施方式中的麻醉机呼吸回路图；
图2为本发明一实施方式中安装二氧化碳吸收罐时，旁路阀导通吸收罐支路的呼吸回路图；
图3为本发明一实施方式中拆下二氧化碳吸收罐时，旁路阀导通旁通支路的呼吸回路图；
图4为本发明一实施方式中的排水通路的截流状态示意图；
图5为本发明一实施方式中的排水通路的导通状态示意图；
图6为本发明一实施方式中排水阀阻塞排水通路而使积水容腔贮存冷凝水时的结构示意图；
图7为本发明一实施方式中排水阀导通排水通路而将积水容腔内的冷凝水排出时的结构示意图；
图8为本发明一实施方式中装上二氧化碳吸收罐时，积水容腔贮存冷凝水时的排水通路状态图；
图9为本发明一实施方式中拆下二氧化碳吸收罐而将冷凝水排入二氧化碳吸收罐时的排水通路状态图；
图10为本发明一实施方式中装上二氧化碳吸收罐时，排水阀处于第一状 态时的结构示意图；
图11为本发明一实施方式中拆下二氧化碳吸收罐时，密封排水通路并将冷凝水排入二氧化碳吸收罐时的排水阀结构示意图；
图12为本发明一实施方式中装上二氧化碳吸收罐时，积水容腔的第一部分贮存冷凝水，积水容腔的第二部分的冷凝水排入二氧化碳吸收罐的回路状态图；
图13为本发明一实施方式中拆下二氧化碳吸收罐时，积水容腔的第一部分的冷凝水排入积水容腔的第二部分，排水阀处于第二状态并密封排水通路的回路状态图；
图14为本发明一实施方式中装上二氧化碳吸收罐时，冷凝水排入二氧化碳吸收罐时的排水阀结构示意图；
图15为本发明一实施方式中拆下二氧化碳吸收罐时，密封排水通路的排水阀结构示意图；
图16为本发明另一实施方式排水通路与吸气支路相连通结合示意图；
图17为本发明再一实施方式中排水通路与吸气支路相连通结合示意图。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明，下面将参照相关附图对本发明进行更全面的描述。附图中给出了本发明的较佳实施方式。但是，本发明可以以许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施方式。相反地，提供这些实施方式的目的是使对本发明的公开内容理解的更加透彻全面。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的，并不表示是唯一的实施方式。此外，本文所使用的术语“上游”和“下游”是指流体流经过程中的位置关系；具体的，先流过的位置称为“上 游”，后流过的位置称为“下游”。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施方式的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“及/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
如图1所示，本发明一实施例提供的麻醉机，它的呼吸回路包括吸气支路、呼气支路和吸收罐支路。
具体的，吸气支路包括吸气接口3、吸气流量传感器5和吸气单向阀7，吸气支路的一端与病人管路2相连通，另一端与新鲜气接口11和吸收罐支路相连通。吸气流量传感器5位于吸气接口3与吸气单向阀7之间，以在吸气阶段时，吸气流量传感器5可以监测吸气流量；而在呼气阶段，由于病人1的呼气压力迫使吸气单向阀7关闭，而使得病人1呼出的气体只能流向呼气支路。
呼气支路包括呼气接口4、呼气流量传感器6和呼气单向阀8，呼气支路的一端与病人管路2相连通，另一端与驱动气接口12和吸收罐支路相连通。呼气流量传感器6位于呼气接口4与呼气单向阀8之间，以在呼气阶段时，呼气流量传感器6可以监测病人1呼出的气体流量。驱动气接口12上接有驱动装置(图中未示出)，病人1呼出的气体可经过呼气支路流入驱动装置。
上述实施方式中，在吸收罐支路上设有二氧化碳吸收罐9。具体的，在吸气单向阀7和新鲜气接口11之间引出吸收罐支路9a与二氧化碳吸收罐9连通，在呼气单向阀8和驱动气接口12之间引出吸收罐支路9b与二氧化碳吸收罐9连通。此时，在呼气阶段，携带有麻醉气体和氧气的新鲜气体从新鲜气接口11流经吸收罐支路9a、二氧化碳吸收罐9和吸收罐支路9b，并与病人1呼出的气体一起经过驱动气接口12流向驱动装置。在吸气阶段，驱动装置驱动含有病人1呼出的气体和新鲜气体的混合气从驱动气接口12进入，此时呼气单向阀8在驱动气压力作用下关闭；混合气流经吸收罐支路9b、二 氧化碳吸收罐9和吸收罐支路9a后，与从新鲜气接口11流入的新鲜气体一起流经吸气单向阀7、吸气流量传感器5和吸气接口3后，最终流经病人管路2进入病人1体内，完成一个呼吸循环。
上述实施方式中，由于二氧化碳吸收罐9中装有的钠石灰，在混合气体流经二氧化碳吸收罐9时，钠石灰会和混合气中病人呼出的二氧化碳发生化学反应，生成水并产生热量，从而消除混合气中的二氧化碳，并给混合气加湿加热，以使病人吸气时更舒适。
如图2所示，吸收罐支路9a通过旁路阀13a经吸收罐支路9c与吸气支路相连，吸收罐支路9b通过旁路阀13b经吸收罐支路9d与呼气支路相连。旁路阀13a与旁路阀13b之间设有旁通支路13c。在安装二氧化碳吸收罐9时，二氧化碳吸收罐9通过驱动机构9e驱动旁路阀13a导通吸收罐支路9a和吸收罐支路9c，以及驱动旁路阀13b导通吸收罐支路9b和吸收罐支路9d，使得混合气体流经二氧化碳吸收罐9。
结合图3所示，在拆下二氧化碳吸收罐9时，复位装置会驱动二氧化碳吸收罐旁路阀13a和二氧化碳吸收罐旁路阀13b位于另一个工作位置，即，吸收罐支路9d和吸收罐支路9c通过旁通支路13c相连通，从而实现在手术过程中更换钠石灰依然能够进行通气。
结合图4和图5所示，在呼气支路设置回路排水装置，以在拆装二氧化碳吸收罐9时，将麻醉机呼气支路的冷凝水排出。该回路排水装置包括排水通路、积水容腔10、排水阀14和触发装置。排水通路连接在呼气支路与二氧化碳吸收罐9之间，具体的，可以在呼气流量传感器6和呼气单向阀8之间引出旁路，并将该旁路与排水通路相连通；进而可以将冷凝水从旁路流经排水通路。
可以理解的，积水容腔10和排水阀14设于排水通路上，通过排水阀14控制排水通路的开合，实现积水容腔10收集呼气支路的冷凝水或者将冷凝水排入二氧化碳吸收罐9。在该实施方式中，由于触发装置可以在拆装二氧化碳吸收罐9时，触发排水阀14在两个状态(下称第一状态和第二状态)之间 切换以控制排水通路的阻塞或导通，进而使得积水容腔10贮存冷凝水或排出冷凝水，以实现在拆装二氧化碳吸收罐9时进行排出呼气支路的冷凝水。
需要说明的是，积水容腔10至少能够容纳一次钠石灰更换过程中回路形成的积水，或一次病人手术形成的积水量，例如3ml、5ml、8ml、10ml、20ml或以上等。此外，拆装二氧化碳吸收罐9进行排水的动作，可以是在拆下二氧化碳吸收罐9时，将冷凝水排入二氧化碳吸收罐9；也可以是在装入二氧化碳吸收罐9时，将冷凝水排入二氧化碳吸收罐9。
具体的，如图4和图5所示，在排水阀14是二通阀时，排水阀14具有第一阀口14a和第二阀口14b。
如图4所示，当排水阀14处于第一状态时，排水阀14阻塞积水容腔10与二氧化碳吸收罐9之间的通路，此时的第一阀口14a和第二阀口14b之间处于截止状态，因此冷凝水不能通过积水容腔10流入二氧化碳吸收罐9，而被排水阀14截流在积水容腔10内，使得呼气支路的冷凝水贮存在积水容腔10内。
如图5所示，当排水阀14处于第二状态时，排水阀14导通积水容腔10与二氧化碳吸收罐9之间的通路，此时的第一阀口14a和第二阀口14b之间处于导通状态，因此贮存在积水容腔10内的冷凝水便可以从第二阀口14b排入二氧化碳吸收罐9，进而在钠石灰反应完而需要拆卸二氧化碳吸收罐补充钠石灰时，可以将冷凝水一起清除。
触发装置可以采用光电触发的方式使排水阀14随拆装二氧化碳吸收罐9的动作在第一状态和第二状态之间切换。例如，触发装置包括传感器或微动开关，此时，排水阀14采用电磁阀；以在进行拆装二氧化碳吸收罐9时，传感器或微动开关状态发生改变，以触发电磁阀在第一状态和第二状态之间切换，实现积水容腔10贮存冷凝水或将冷凝水排入二氧化碳吸收罐9。
需要说明的是，触发装置还可以采用机械触发的方式使排水阀14随拆装二氧化碳吸收罐9的动作在第一状态和第二状态切换。
结合图6和图7所示，排水阀14包括阀座141和阀芯142，阀芯142相 对阀座141运动时，实现在第一状态和第二状态之间切换，从而实现积水容腔10贮存冷凝水或将冷凝水排入二氧化碳吸收罐9。需要说明的是，排水阀14在第一状态和第二状态之间切换，阀芯142相对阀座141的运动可以是多种形式，例如阀芯142相对于阀座141上下运动实现排水阀14的开合，还可以是阀芯142相对于阀座141转动，使得阀芯142相对阀座141转动一定角度时开启或关闭排水阀14。下面将以阀芯142相对阀座141上下运动控制排水阀14的开合为例对回路排水装置做进一步说明。
阀座141上相对开设有第一阀口14a和第二阀口14b，阀座141的内设有第一密封阀口1411，相应的，在阀芯142上设有第一密封阀片1421。在阀芯142相对阀座141运动时，第一密封阀片1421选择性阻塞或导通第一密封阀口1411，进而实现排水阀14的开启或关闭，进而控制积水容腔10贮存冷凝水或排出冷凝水。
需要说明的是，如图6和图7所示，积水容腔10可以是由阀座141本身所围合的内腔构成，以在第一密封阀片1421阻塞第一密封阀口1411时，冷凝水会被截流而贮存在阀座141围合的腔体内。当然，积水容腔10也可以是与该阀座141围合的内腔相通的外部腔体，以在第一密封阀口1411闭合时，贮存冷凝水；在第一密封阀口1411开启时，将冷凝水经过第一密封阀口1411排入二氧化碳吸收罐9，以在更换钠石灰时清除冷凝水，此外，由于贮存冷凝水的积水容腔设置在排水阀14的外部，排水阀14的阀座141可以不用太大的容积，也就是说，在排水通路上设置小型的排水阀14就可以满足积水容腔10贮存冷凝水或排出冷凝水的需要。触发装置包括驱动组件9f和复位组件。驱动组件9f用于在安装二氧化碳吸收罐9时，驱动阀芯142相对于阀座141运动；复位组件用于在拆下二氧化碳吸收罐9时，驱动阀芯142相对阀座141向相反方向运动。这样，在驱动组件9f和复位组件的作用下，使排水阀14的阀芯142分别向相反方向运动，从而实现排水阀14在第一状态和第二状态切换。
驱动组件9f包括底板，将底板设置于二氧化碳吸收罐9和阀芯142之间， 底板被设置成在安装二氧化碳吸收罐9时，被二氧化碳吸收罐抵压，进而带动阀芯142相对阀座141运动，将排水阀14置于第一状态，阻塞排水通路而使得冷凝水被截流在积水容腔10内。相应的，在拆下二氧化碳吸收罐9时，由于失去二氧化碳吸收罐9的抵压，在复位组件的驱动下，排水阀14恢复至第二状态，导通排水通路而将积水容腔10内收集的冷凝水排入二氧化碳吸收罐9内，随着纳石灰一起清除，操作简便。需要说明的是，驱动组件9f与阀芯142之间可以采用固定连接的方式实现阀芯142随驱动组件9f联动，也可以采用抵接的方式将阀芯142靠近驱动组件9f的一端与驱动组件9f相抵，在此不做限定。
复位组件可以通过直接或间接的方式驱动阀芯142相对阀座141向相反的方向运动，而使排水阀14恢复至第二状态。例如：将复位组件可以设置驱动组件和阀座141之间，并将阀芯142固定在驱动组件上，使得在拆下二氧化碳吸收罐时，复位组件驱使驱动组件相对阀座141运动，进而使驱动组件带动阀芯142相对于阀座141运动。再如复位组件直接作用在阀芯142上，为阀芯142提供恢复力而使阀芯142相对阀座141运动。切确的说，复位组件包括弹性元件，弹性元件被配置为：在安装二氧化碳吸收罐而使阀芯142相对阀座141运动时，弹性元件产生弹性形变；在拆下二氧化碳吸收罐时，弹性元件的弹性恢复力驱使阀芯142相对阀座141向相反方向运动，以将排水阀14置于第二状态。
弹性元件可以是压簧、拉簧、扭簧、弹片或弹性垫圈等可以提供弹性恢复力的结构。相应的，弹性元件的装配方式也可以是根据实际进行配置，例如，可以将弹性元件套设在阀芯142上，或者将弹性元件抵接在底板和阀座141之间，均可以为阀芯142提供弹性恢复力而使得阀芯142相对阀座141运动，以在拆下二氧化碳吸收罐9时，开启排水阀14。
在一些实施方式中，如图8所示，排水阀14采用两位三通阀，即，排水阀14还具有第三阀口14c。当装入二氧化碳吸收罐9时，第一阀口14a与第三阀口14c接通而使呼气支路的冷凝水经第一阀口14a和第三阀口14c流入 积水容腔10内；与此同时，与二氧化碳吸收罐9相通的第二接口14b处于闭合，从而将冷凝水截流而贮存在积水容腔10内，同时防止二氧化碳吸收罐9通过排水通路接通呼气单向阀8的上游而使呼气单向阀8失效。
结合图9所示，当拆下二氧化碳吸收罐9时，第二接口14b与第三阀口14c接通而使积水容腔10内的冷凝水经第三阀口14c排入与第二阀口14b相通的二氧化碳吸收罐9内，进而实现拆下二氧化碳吸收罐9时进行排出冷凝水，以便在清理二氧化碳吸收罐中的纳石灰时，将冷凝水同纳石灰一起倒掉。与此同时，由于第一阀口14a处于截止状态，因此，外界不能通过排水通路接通呼气单向阀8的上游，从而确保呼气单向阀8工作正常，使得在拆下二氧化碳吸收罐9后，呼吸回路依然可以保持工作状态，而且麻醉气体不会泄露到手术室。
该实施方式中，不仅在拆装二氧化碳吸收罐9时，对排水通路进行阻塞或导通来实现积水容腔10贮存冷凝水或排出冷凝水，而且，始终使排水通路处于密封状态，以保证呼吸回路与外界保持隔离，从而可以在拆下二氧化碳吸收罐9后，依然可以保持工作状态，等更换好纳石灰后，重新将二氧化碳吸收罐9接入呼吸回路。下面将以阀芯142相对阀座141上下运动控制排水阀14的开合为例对回路排水装置做进一步说明。
如图10和图11所示，阀座141内设有第二密封阀口1412，相应的，在阀芯142上设有第二密封阀片1422，第二密封阀口1412位于第一阀口14a与第一密封阀口1411之间，使得第二密封阀口1412与第一密封阀口1411之间形成与积水容腔10相通的第三阀口14c。在阀芯142相对阀座141运动时，第一阀口14a和第二阀口14b其中之一与第三阀口14c导通，其中之另一与第三阀口14c截止，进而选择积水容腔10贮存冷凝水或排出冷凝水。需要说明的是，该实施方式中，仅以阀芯142与阀座141上下相对运动为例对排水阀14的结构做进一步说明，但实际上，阀芯142余阀座141之间的相对运动也可以是旋转运动，在此不再一一赘述。
具体的，如图10所示，在装入二氧化碳吸收罐9时，第二密封阀片1422 离开第二密封阀口1412而使得第一阀口14a与第三阀口14c导通，与此同时，第一密封阀片1421阻塞第一密封阀口1411而使与二氧化碳吸收罐9相通的第二阀口14b处于截止状态，使得冷凝水不能从积水容腔10流入二氧化碳吸收罐9，使冷凝水流经第一阀口14a与第三阀口14c而贮存在积水容腔10内。
如图11所示，在拆下二氧化碳吸收罐9时，第二密封阀片1422闭合第二密封阀口1412而使得第一阀口14a与第三阀口14c阻塞，与此同时，第一密封阀片1421导通第一密封阀口1411而使与二氧化碳吸收罐9相通的第二阀口14b处于导通状态，使得冷凝水从积水容腔10流入二氧化碳吸收罐9内，完成在拆下二氧化碳吸收罐9时排出冷凝水，此时，由于第二密封阀片1422闭合第二密封阀口1412，使得呼吸回路不会通过排水支路与外界相通，进而呼吸回路在拆下二氧化碳吸收罐9进行更换纳石灰时依然可以保持工作状态。
需要说明的是，在该实施方式中，排水阀14可以是如图10和图11所示出的结构，也可以是其它结构，例如，第一密封阀片1421和第二密封阀片1422之间不是刚性连接，而是互不干涉的两个结构，以分别选择性的闭合或导通第一密封阀口1411和第二密封阀口1412，切确的说，排水阀14可以由多个二通阀或单向阀组成，或者是一个阀座141配合多个阀芯142的形式实现排水阀14在第一状态和第二状态之间切换，在此不再一一赘述。
在其它实施方式中，将冷凝水排入二氧化碳吸收罐9内的动作可以不是在拆下二氧化碳吸收罐9时进行，也可以在安装二氧化碳吸收罐9时进行。
如图12和图13所示，积水容腔具有两部分，即第一部分10a和第二部分10b，第一部分10a和第二部分10b分别与第一阀口14a和第三阀口14c相连通。当二氧化碳吸收罐9安装在回路上时，第一阀口14a处于截止状态，使得冷凝水10贮存在第一部分10a处，拆下二氧化碳吸收罐9时，排水阀14的状态随拆下二氧化碳吸收罐的动作发生改变，即如图13所示，第一阀口14a与第三阀口14c接通，使得第一部分10a与第二部分10b相连通，进而将第一部分10a中的冷凝水排入第二部分10b内；进而在装入二氧化碳吸收罐9 时，排水阀14的状态发生改变，恢复至如图12所示，使得第二阀口14b与第三阀口14c相连通，由于第二阀口14b与二氧化碳吸收罐9相连通，第二部分10b与第三阀口14c相连通，因此，在第二阀口14b与第三阀口14c相连通时，第二部分10b与二氧化碳吸收罐9之间的形成通路，使得第二部分10b内的冷凝水排入二氧化碳吸收罐9，实现装入二氧化碳吸收罐9时将冷凝水排入二氧化碳吸收罐9。
该实施方式中，由于拆下二氧化碳吸收罐9后的排水通路被第一阀口14a阻塞，因此，外界不能通过排水通路接通呼气单向阀8的上游，从而确保呼气单向阀8工作正常，也就是说，在拆下二氧化碳吸收罐9后，呼吸回路依然可以保持工作状态，而且麻醉气体不会泄露到手术室。
如图14和图15所示，本实施方式提供的排水阀14，可以实现在安装二氧化碳吸收罐9时将冷凝水排入二氧化碳吸收罐。
具体的，如图14所示，阀座141内的第二密封阀口1412位于第一密封阀口1411的下游。在装入二氧化碳吸收罐9时，第二密封阀片1422离开第二密封阀口1412而使得第二阀口14b与第三阀口14c导通，积水容腔的第二部分10b与二氧化碳吸收罐9相连通，也就是说，此时，积水容腔的第二部分10b内的冷凝水会排入二氧化碳吸收罐9内。与此同时，第一密封阀片1421阻塞第一密封阀口1411而使与呼气支路相通的第一阀口14a处于截止状态，使得冷凝水不能从积水容腔的第一部分10a流入积水容腔的第二部分10b，而将冷凝水贮存在积水容腔10a内。
如图15所示，在拆下二氧化碳吸收罐9时，第二密封阀片1422闭合第二密封阀口1412而使得第二阀口14b与第三阀口14c阻塞，与此同时，第一密封阀片1421导通第一密封阀口1411而使第一阀口14a与第三阀口14c处于导通状态，由于第一部分10a和第二部分10b分别与第一阀口14a和第三阀口14c相连通，因此，第一部分10a和第二部分10b之间相通，使得冷凝水从第一部分10a流入第二部分10b内；以在安装二氧化碳吸收罐9时，排水阀14的状态发生改变，即如图14所示，第二密封阀片1422离开第二密封 阀口1412而使得第二阀口14b与第三阀口14c导通，积水容腔的第二部分10b与二氧化碳吸收罐9相连通，因此，积水容腔的第二部分10b内的冷凝水会排入二氧化碳吸收罐9内，完成在安装二氧化碳吸收罐9时排出冷凝水。
在上述实施方式中，排水阀14可以是如图14和图15所示出的结构，也可以是其它结构此外，积水容腔的第一部分10a和/或积水容腔的第二部分10b可以是由阀座141围合的腔体，也可以是独立于阀座141的腔体，例如，将积水容腔的第一部分10a设置在排水阀14的第一阀口14a与呼气支路之间，从而在第一阀口14a与第三阀口14c之间通路处于闭合时，呼气支路的冷凝水被截流住，从而贮存在积水容腔的第一部分10a内。需要说明的是，在本实施方式中，排水阀14可以由多个二通阀或单向阀组成，或者是一个阀座141配合多个阀芯142的形式实现排水阀14在第一状态和第二状态之间切换，在此不再一一赘述。
需要说明的是，上述实施方式中，均是以收集呼气支路处的冷凝水对回路排水装置的结构和设置做说明。本领域技术人员可以根据上述实施方式，可以将该回路排水装置设置在呼吸回路的任何位置，进行冷凝水的收集以及排放。也就是说，可以根据实际需要，将上述回路排水装置设置在呼吸回路容易产生冷凝水的地方，例如图16所示，上述回路排水装置设置在吸气支路中，具体的，可以在吸气流量传感器5和吸气单向阀7之间引出旁路与排水通路相连通，这样，通过该旁路使得回路排水装置可以对该吸气支路产生的冷凝水进行收集和排出。
上述实施方式中，回路排水装置中的排水通路设置不受限制，例如图17所示，回路排水装置的排水通路与吸气流量传感器5远离吸气单向阀7的一侧相连通，通过上述的回路排水装置，依然可以在该处实现冷凝水的收集与排出。可以理解的，在一些其他的实施方式中，上述的回路排水装置可以设置在呼吸回路的其它位置，当然，为了实现良好的冷凝水收集和排出效果，可以设置在呼吸回路容易产生积水的管路上，比如在一些实施方式中，将回路排水装置设在呼气支路上，在此不再一一赘述。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种回路排水装置，用于在拆装二氧化碳吸收罐时排出麻醉机呼吸回路的冷凝水，所述回路排水装置包括：
    排水通路，与二氧化碳吸收罐相连通；
    积水容腔和排水阀，设于所述排水通路上；
    所述排水阀具有第一状态和第二状态；其中，当所述排水阀处于所述第一状态时，所述排水阀阻塞所述积水容腔与所述二氧化碳吸收罐之间的通路，以使呼吸回路的冷凝水贮存在所述积水容腔内；当所述排水阀处于所述第二状态时，所述排水阀导通所述积水容腔与所述二氧化碳吸收罐之间的通路，以将所述积水容腔内的冷凝水排入所述二氧化碳吸收罐；及
    触发装置，用于在拆下二氧化碳吸收罐时，使所述排水阀从所述第一状态切换到所述第二状态。
  2. 一种回路排水装置，用于在拆装二氧化碳吸收罐时排出麻醉机呼吸回路的冷凝水，所述回路排水装置包括：
    排水通路，与二氧化碳吸收罐相连通；
    积水容腔，设于所述排水通路上，所述积水容腔包括第一部分和第二部分，且所述第一部分与所述呼吸回路相连通；
    排水阀，设于所述排水通路上，具有第一状态和第二状态；其中，当所述排水阀处于所述第一状态时，所述排水阀阻塞所述第一部分与所述第二部分之间的通路并导通所述第二部分与所述二氧化碳吸收罐之间的通路；当所述排水阀处于所述第二状态时，所述排水阀导通所述第一部分与所述第二部分之间的通路并阻塞所述第二部分与所述二氧化碳吸收罐之间的通路；及
    触发装置，用于在拆下二氧化碳吸收罐时，使所述排水阀从所述第一状态切换到所述第二状态；以及在装入二氧化碳吸收罐时，使所述排水阀从所述第二状态切换到所述第一状态。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的回路排水装置，其特征在于，所述排水阀具有第一阀口和第二阀口；所述第一阀口与所述呼吸回路相连通；所述第二阀口 与所述二氧化碳吸收罐相连通。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的回路排水装置，其特征在于，所述第一阀口与所述第二阀口之间设有第一密封阀口，所述排水阀包括第一密封阀片；在所述排水阀处于所述第一状态时，所述第一密封阀片闭合所述第一密封阀口，在所述排水阀处于第二状态时，所述第一密封阀片导通所述第一密封阀口。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的回路排水装置，其特征在于，所述第一阀口与所述第一密封阀口之间设有第二密封阀口，所述排水阀还包括第二密封阀片；在所述排水阀处于第一状态时，所述第二密封阀片离开所述第二密封阀口；在所述排水阀处于第二状态时，所述第二密封阀片闭合所述第二密封阀口。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的回路排水装置，其特征在于，所述排水阀具有第一阀口和第二阀口；所述第一阀口与所述呼吸回路相连通；所述第二阀口与所述二氧化碳吸收罐相连通。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的回路排水装置，其特征在于，所述第一阀口与所述第二阀口之间依次设有第一密封阀口和第二密封阀口，所述第一密封阀口位于所述第一部分和所述第二部分之间，所述第二密封阀口位于所述第二部分与所述第二阀口之间。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的回路排水装置，其特征在于，所述排水阀包括第一密封阀片和第二密封阀片；在所述排水阀处于所述第一状态时，所述第一密封阀片闭合所述第一密封阀口，且所述第二密封阀片导通所述第二密封阀口；在所述排水阀处于所述第二状态时，所述第一密封阀片导通所述第一密封阀口，且所述第二密封阀片闭合所述第二密封阀口。
  9. 根据权利要求5或8所述的回路排水装置，其特征在于，所述排水阀包括阀座和阀芯，所述阀芯可相对所述阀座运动而使所述排水阀在所述第一状态和所述第二状态之间切换。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的回路排水装置，其特征在于，所述第一密封阀片和所述第二密封阀片均套设于所述阀芯上。
  11. 根据权利要求1或2所述的回路排水装置，其特征在于，所述呼吸 回路包括呼气支路和吸气支路，在所述呼气支路和/或所述吸气支路上引出旁路与所述排水通路相连通。
  12. 根据权利要求1或2所述的回路排水装置，其特征在于，所述触发装置包括传感器或微动开关，所述排水阀为电磁阀；在进行拆装二氧化碳吸收罐时，所述传感器或微动开关状态发生改变，以触发所述电磁阀在所述第一状态和所述第二状态之间切换。
  13. 根据权利要求1或2所述的回路排水装置，其特征在于，所述触发装置包括驱动组件和复位组件，在安装所述二氧化碳吸收罐时，所述二氧化碳吸收罐传动所述驱动组件而使所述驱动组件带动所述阀芯相对所述阀座运动；在拆下所述二氧化碳吸收罐时，所述驱动组件失去所述二氧化碳吸收罐的力的作用，使得所述阀芯在所述复位组件的作用下相对所述阀座向相反方向运动。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的回路排水装置，其特征在于，所述驱动组件包括底板，所述底板设置于所述二氧化碳吸收罐与所述阀芯之间；在安装所述二氧化碳吸收罐时，所述二氧化碳吸收罐抵压所述底板而驱使所述阀芯相对所述阀座运动，以将所述排水阀置于所述第一状态。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的回路排水装置，其特征在于，所述复位组件设于所述驱动组件与所述阀座之间，且所述阀芯与所述驱动组件相连接，在拆下所述二氧化碳吸收罐时，所述复位组件驱动所述驱动组件相对所述阀座运动，以使所述驱动组件带动所述阀芯相对所述阀座运动而将所述排水阀置于所述第二状态。
  16. 根据权利要求13所述的回路排水装置，其特征在于，所述复位组件包括弹性元件，所述弹性元件被配置为：在安装所述二氧化碳吸收罐而使所述阀芯相对所述阀座运动时，所述弹性元件产生弹性形变；在拆下所述二氧化碳吸收罐时，所述弹性元件的弹性恢复力驱使所述阀芯相对所述阀座向相反方向运动，以将所述排水阀置于所述第二状态。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的回路排水装置，其特征在于，所述弹性元件 套设于所述阀芯上，以提供弹性恢复力于所述阀芯上而将所述排水阀保持于所述第二状态。
  18. 一种麻醉机，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-17任意一项所述的回路排水装置。
PCT/CN2017/107133 2017-10-20 2017-10-20 麻醉机及其回路排水装置 Ceased WO2019075756A1 (zh)

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