WO2019073177A1

WO2019073177A1 - Heat-exchanger system, in particular for a solar trigeneration

Info

Publication number: WO2019073177A1
Application number: PCT/FR2018/052518
Authority: WO
Inventors: Gérard LLURENS
Original assignee: Llurens Gerard
Priority date: 2017-10-11
Filing date: 2018-10-11
Publication date: 2019-04-18
Also published as: FR3072161B1; FR3072161A1

Abstract

The invention concerns a system of heat exchangers comprising: - at least one electrical power supply { 2,- 3, 4, 5), - a heating part (1C) comprising at least one heating heat exchanger (8) associated with a heating circuit (9), and - a cooling part (1R) comprising a cooling heat exchanger (20) associated with a cooling circuit (21). The invention further relates to an associated multigeneration production method, in particular by solar trigeneration.

Description

HEAT EXCHANGER SYSTEM, IN PARTICULAR FOR ONE

SOLAR TRIGENERATION

The present invention relates to a heat exchanger system in particular for solar trigeneration. This system allows in particular the implementation of a domestic hot water system and a system for producing cold, and preferably a solar power generation.

The prior art includes heat exchanger systems, some of which are based on the use of solar energy. Unfortunately, the systems of the prior art are not entirely satisfactory because they are based on complex arrangements of heat exchangers and involve a lot of energy loss, in particular to produce cold.

In addition, a need for poly- especially trigeneration is increasingly important in order to meet needs both in terms of cold production, and domestic hot water, preferably with a source of solar energy.

Thus, a first object of the present invention is to provide a system having a simplified heat exchanger arrangement, while avoiding energy losses.

A second objective is to propose a poly system, in particular solar trigeneration, more particularly a compact system with all the elements integrated in a body assembly with the exception of photovoltaic panels.

To achieve these objectives, the invention proposes a system of heat exchangers comprising

at least one power supply means,

a heating part comprising at least one heating heat exchanger associated with a heating circuit, and

a cooling part comprising a cooling heat exchanger associated with a refrigerant circuit. In one aspect, the cooling heat exchanger is associated with an ice water storage tank. In addition, preferably, the heating circuit comprises a heat transfer fluid with high heating and cooling value.

Advantageously, the system according to the invention uses a coolant for a high heating and cooling efficiency.

It preferably comprises an ice water accumulation tank, for storing cold by freezing in the tank. Thus, the system according to the invention is effective without requiring a complex arrangement.

Alternatively or in combination, in one aspect, the system comprises a reservoir of said heat transfer fluid, connected to the heating circuit and the refrigerant circuit.

Advantageously, the reservoir allows a particularly simplified arrangement in which the coolant can be used for both the heating circuit and the refrigerant circuit.

In particular, said tank comprises a gas phase outlet mouth towards the heating circuit, a liquid phase inlet mouth therefrom; a liquid phase outlet mouth to the refrigerant circuit, and a gas phase inlet mouth therefrom.

According to other aspects taken individually or combined in any technically feasible combination

the supply means comprises photovoltaic panels and / or an electricity distribution network and / or a generator, and / or at least one battery; and or

the heat-transfer fluid with a high calorific value comprises ammonia; and or

a first heating heat exchanger is associated with a sanitary water heating device; and or a second heating heat exchanger is associated with a cooling tower and / or an adiabatic cooling system, in particular of the condenser type; and or

the heating circuit comprises at least one expander; and or

the heating circuit comprises at least one regulating means; and or

- the accumulation tank comprises at least one coil for the circulation of ice water; and or

- the accumulation tank is associated with a cold distribution device; and or

the refrigerant circuit comprises a cold production circuit between the cold dispensing device, the cooling heat exchanger and the ice water accumulation tank.

The invention furthermore relates to a method of production by multigeneration, in particular by solar trigeneration, comprising the implementation of a system according to the invention.

Advantageously, the system and the method according to a variant of the invention make it possible to use solar energy to produce a cold and hot water production.

The invention will be further described by the description of non-limiting embodiments, and on the basis of the attached figure illustrating a heat exchanger system assembly according to a variant of the invention.

The heat exchanger system 1 according to the invention is particularly suitable for solar trigeneration. The system 1 also makes it possible to implement a thermofridge pump. This system 1 allows in particular the implementation of a heating of domestic water and cold production by corresponding devices.

The heat exchanger system 1 comprises at least one electrical supply means. In particular, the feeding means comprises at least one, preferably several, among photovoltaic panels 2, a connection means to an electricity distribution network 3, a generator 4, and at least one, preferably several batteries 5.

More particularly, the supply means allows a supply of the system either by the photovoltaic panels 2, alternatively or in addition to the public distribution network 3, alternatively or in addition via the batteries 5 preferably loaded by the photovoltaic panels 2 and / or the distribution network 3.

Advantageously, the preferred means of supply is associated with a source of renewable energy so that the heat exchanger system 1 is ecological.

The supply means supplies electrical energy to at least a portion of the heat exchanger system 1 as detailed below. Electronic power devices 6, 7 known per se can be provided between the supply means and the rest of the system 1. In particular, a drive 7 is provided.

The heat exchanger system further comprises a heating portion 1C and a cooling portion 1R.

The heating part 1C comprises at least one heating heat exchanger 8, 12 associated with a heating circuit 9. In particular, the heating circuit 9 comprises an arrangement of heat transfer fluid passing through the heating heat exchanger 8.

Preferably, the heating circuit 9 comprises a heat transfer fluid with a high calorific value. In particular, this heat transfer fluid comprises or is ammonia. Ammonia is generally under pressure of 2-3 bars. Advantageously, the ammonia has a heat value particularly effective in the system 1 according to the invention. In addition, ammonia is a natural fluid with no carbon footprint or ozone depletion potential. The conveying of ammonia may require the use of particular materials to prevent their corrosion in use. Black steel and stainless steel give good results.

The heating circuit 9 comprises in particular a compressor 10,. For example, a 40KW refrigerant compressor can be used. The compressor 10 is powered by the supply means and activates the heating circuit 9.

In the heating circuit 9 the first heat exchanger 8 is located downstream of the compressor 10. The first heat exchanger 8 is preferably a plate heat exchanger. It is here associated with a domestic water heating device 11. In particular, a balloon heater is associated with said first heating heat exchanger 8. More particularly, the heat transfer fluid passes through the first heat exchanger 8 associated with this heating device. domestic water heating 11.

Advantageously, this arrangement makes it possible to use the system in a simplified manner to produce domestic hot water, preferably using solar energy.

According to one variant, the heating circuit 9 comprises a second heating heat exchanger 12, in particular downstream of the first heating heat exchanger 8. The second heating heat exchanger 12 is preferably a plate heat exchanger. Comprising a primary circuit 12a and a secondary circuit 12b. The heating circuit 9 is thus connected to the input and the output of the primary circuit 12a of this exchanger 8, so the secondary circuit 12b communicates here with a cooling tower 13 comprising conventionally at the top of the water spraying means intended to cross. an exchange surface 14 in said tower 13 to be recovered in a collection basin 15 at the bottom, from where it is returned to said spraying means. Preferably the reservoir 15 is. connected to the input of the secondary circuit 12b of the second heat exchanger 12, the output of this secondary circuit 12b is connected to said spraying means.

Alternatively, the heating circuit 9 further comprises at least one control valve 16. Alternatively, a control arrangement may be provided in a variant. Said valve is preferably downstream of said heat exchanger (8, 12), more particularly downstream of the second heat exchanger 12. The valve could be replaced by at least one expander. An expansion valve allows better management of the coolant flow such as ammonia.

Alternatively, the heating circuit 9 further comprises at least one control means, in particular a float valve 18. Said control means is preferably downstream of the control valve 16. The float valve 18 can be replaced by another type of regulator.

The heating circuit 9 terminates beyond the expander 18 in a tank 19 of heat transfer fluid. It comprises a first mouth 19a, preferably in the upper part of the reservoir 19, connected to the beginning of the heating circuit 9 and a second mouth 19b, more particularly in the lower part, to which is connected the end of this circuit.

This reservoir further comprises a third mouth, more particularly in the lower part to which is connected the upstream end of the refrigerant circuit circuit and a fourth mouth, preferably in the upper part, for connecting the downstream end of this refrigerant circuit. 21. circuit

Thus, the coolant in the gaseous state can be sucked from this reservoir 19 from the first mouth 19a to the beginning of the heating circuit to be discharged in the liquid state into the same reservoir 19 through the second mouth 19b. Similarly this heat transfer fluid can engage in the refrigerant circuit in the liquid state through the third mouth 19c to regain at the end of circuit 21 the reservoir 19 in the gaseous state through the fourth mouth 19dcircuitcircuit.

Advantageously, the reservoir 19 allows a particularly simplified arrangement in which the coolant can be used for both the heating circuit and the refrigerant circuit.

Referring now to this cooling circuit 21, it comprises a cooling heat exchanger 20 preferably in the form of a plate heat exchanger.

According to an interesting aspect in the refrigerant circuit 21 is used the same heat transfer fluid as that through the heating circuit 9 and the tank 19 of the coolant is connected to both the heating circuit 9 and the refrigerant circuit 21.

As a result, in the refrigerant circuit 21, the heat transfer fluid leaving the reservoir 19 can pass through the cooling heat exchanger 20 and return to the reservoir 19.

In particular, the heating circuit comprises an assembly of components (16, 18) for injecting a heat transfer fluid in a liquid state expanded in the reservoir 19. The heat transfer fluid in its liquid state can then flow into the mouth 19c in particular by thermosiphon and arrive at the cooling heat exchanger 20.

The refrigerant circuit 21 advantageously comprises an ice water accumulation tank 22 associated with the cooling heat exchanger 20. The storage tank 22 preferably comprises at least one, more preferably several coils 23 for the circulation of water. ice water. For example, the storage tank 22 has a capacity of 500 liters and the coils 23 are made of stainless steel. The accumulation tank includes ice water that can be solidified around the coil.

Advantageously, the ice water accumulation tank 22 allows a storage of energy by freezing in the tank. Indeed, the accumulation tank 22 allows storage by latent heat and change of state.

After initial tests, the temperature at the outlet of the accumulation tank is on average 0 ° C.

According to one variant, the refrigerant circuit 21 also comprises a cold distribution device 24. This is for example a device comprising a water inlet 25 and a water outlet 26 connected to the secondary circuit 20b of the cooling heat exchanger 20.

According to one feature, the refrigerant circuit 21 comprises a cold generating circuit 27 extending between the cold dispensing device 24, the cooling heat exchanger 20 and the ice water storage tank 22. Thus, no only the cold produced by the cooling heat exchanger 22 can be routed to the cold dispensing device 24, but in addition the cold of the cooling heat exchanger 20 can be stored in the accumulation tank 22 before being subsequently conveyed to the cold dispensing device 24.

According to one variant, the cold production circuit 27 comprises at least one distribution pump 28 preferably arranged downstream of the water inlet 25.

The circuit 27 furthermore preferably comprises a valve 29, in particular a three-way valve, here downstream of the water inlet 25, more particularly downstream of the dispensing pump 28.

The cold production circuit 27 may further comprise at least one loopback pump 30 preferably associated with a loop valve 31 here in three ways. The valves 29, 31 are here each associated with a bypass between the water inlet 25 and the water outlet 26.

Advantageously, the arrangement of valves 29, 31 and loopback pump 31 makes it possible to carry out a cooling recirculation between the cooling heat exchanger 22 and the accumulation tank 22. These three-way valves thus make it possible to have a chilled water temperature. stable towards use in the device 24.

Preferably, the refrigerant circuit comprises at least one, more preferably several temperature sensors 32 such as temperature probes known per se. In particular, a sensor 32a may be provided at the water inlet 25, a -32b- at the water outlet 26, a -32c- upstream of the accumulation tank 22 and a -32d- downstream of said bin 22.

First tests allow with a water inlet at 12 ° C, to have a water outlet at 7 ° C.

The invention further relates to a method of production by multigeneration, in particular by solar trigeneration, by the implementation of the elements of the system described above.

More particularly, the method advantageously makes it possible to produce domestic hot water and cold from solar energy.

In addition, thanks to the accumulation tank 22, the cold can be stored and rerouted later, for example outside periods of photovoltaic power.

Claims

1. System of heat exchangers comprising

at least one power supply means (2, 3, 4, 5),

a heating portion (1C) comprising at least one heating heat exchanger (8) associated with a heating circuit (9) and with a domestic water heating device (11), and

- a cooling part (1R) comprising a cooling heat exchanger (20) associated with a refrigerant circuit (21), and a cold dispensing device (24).

2. System according to the preceding claim, further comprising

- At least one tank (19) heat transfer fluid with high heating and cooling value, connected to the heating circuit (9) and the refrigerant circuit (21), so that the heat transfer fluid passes through said circuits through said at least one reservoir (19), said at least one tank (19) is connected by two first mouths (19a, 19b) to the heating circuit (9) and two second mouths (19c, 19d) to the refrigerant circuit (21).

3. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that 1 cooling heat exchanger (20) is associated with an accumulation tank (22) of ice water.

4. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the supply means comprises photovoltaic panels (2) and / or a connection means to an electricity distribution network (3) and / or a generator ( 4) and / or at least one battery (5).

5. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein said at least one reservoir (19) comprises a first outlet mouth (19a) in the gas phase to the heating circuit (9), a second inlet mouth (19b). ) in the liquid phase of the heating circuit (9); a third mouth outlet (19c) in liquid phase to the refrigerant circuit. (21), and a fourth inlet mouth (19d) in the gas phase of the refrigerant circuit (21).

6. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the high calorific heat transfer fluid comprises ammonia.

7. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a second heating heat exchanger (12) is associated with a cooling tower (13), or an adiabatic cooling system, in particular of the condenser type.

8. System according to the preceding claim, wherein the second heating heat exchanger (12) comprises a secondary circuit (12b) connected to the cooling tower or the adiabatic cooling system.

9. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the heating circuit (9) comprises at least one expander (16).

10. System according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the heating circuit (9) comprises at least one control means.

11. System according to one of claims 3 to 10, wherein the accumulation tank (22) comprises at least one coil (23) for the circulation of ice water.

12. System according to one of claims 3 to 10, wherein the accumulation tank (22) is associated with the cold dispensing device (24).

13 .. System according to the preceding claim, comprising a cold production circuit (27) between the cold dispensing device (24), the cooling heat exchanger (20) and the ice water storage tank ( 22).

14. A method of production by multigeneration, in particular by solar trigeneration, comprising the implementation of a system according to one of the preceding claims.