WO2019072244A1 - 终端外设及音频信号的传输方法 - Google Patents

终端外设及音频信号的传输方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019072244A1
WO2019072244A1 PCT/CN2018/110103 CN2018110103W WO2019072244A1 WO 2019072244 A1 WO2019072244 A1 WO 2019072244A1 CN 2018110103 W CN2018110103 W CN 2018110103W WO 2019072244 A1 WO2019072244 A1 WO 2019072244A1
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Prior art keywords
audio
usb
module
channel
transmission channel
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PCT/CN2018/110103
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蒋益相
柴峻
黄宗伟
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2019072244A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019072244A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1091—Details not provided for in groups H04R1/1008 - H04R1/1083
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/16—Sound input; Sound output
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/16—Sound input; Sound output
    • G06F3/162—Interface to dedicated audio devices, e.g. audio drivers, interface to CODECs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2420/00—Details of connection covered by H04R, not provided for in its groups
    • H04R2420/09—Applications of special connectors, e.g. USB, XLR, in loudspeakers, microphones or headphones

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of electronic device technologies, for example, to a terminal peripheral and a method for transmitting an audio signal.
  • USB Type C headphones are mainly implemented in two architectures: USB Audio Class (UAC) digital headphones and analog-to-digital hybrid headphones.
  • UAC USB Audio Class
  • UAC digital headphones include: USB to Inter-IC Sound (I2S) bridge module, COder-DECoder (CODEC) module, wire control, headphone and microphone body.
  • I2S Inter-IC Sound
  • COder-DECoder COder-DECoder
  • the UAC digital headset follows the USB Audio Device Class Specification.
  • UAC is a universal data interface like USB that can be used to implement digital audio data transmission.
  • Different developers can define any control mode, transmission mode, audio format and other parameters according to their own preferences and needs.
  • USB is very suitable as a personal computer (Personal Computer, PC) platform audio (including voice and music, etc.) transmission protocol, and PC-based telephone system from the beginning is an important consideration and driving force for the development of the USB interface.
  • the USB interface has a bandwidth far higher than the audio requirements, and can transmit audio data of extremely high quality (such as high sampling rate, high coding rate and multi-channel). Therefore, audio functions such as phone, music playback or recording can be easily implemented on the USB interface.
  • Google (Android) 5.0 system supports USB digital to analog converter (DAC) devices and digital headphones.
  • Google android 6.0 supports USB voice (VOICE) (ie voice call).
  • the UAC digital headset specification is still in the process of being improved.
  • the new mobile phone platform is still being re-architected.
  • manufacturers often adopt a modular mixed approach to implement USB.
  • Type C headphones The mode of operation of the analog-mode hybrid earphone is: when using voice communication, use USB Type-C passive analog headphone adapter architecture, follow the Audio Adapter Accessory Mode specification; UAC architecture for music playback, follow USB Audio Device Class Specification.
  • USB Type-C headphone architecture the power consumption is relatively large, using USB-I2S bridge or I2S traversing (OVER) USB mode, the audio signal flows away from the USB physical channel.
  • the power consumption of the USB channel is relatively large, and the application processor on the host side cannot sleep during use, which also increases power consumption.
  • the related art provides a solution for directly connecting the audio module through the USB interface using a low-power and low-latency data bus.
  • the solution does not consider compatibility with the existing earphone architecture, resulting in a signal. Poor anti-interference, limited application scenarios.
  • the present disclosure provides a terminal peripheral and audio signal transmission method to at least solve the problem that the low power consumption and low delay solution in the related art cannot have high signal anti-interference.
  • the present disclosure provides a terminal peripheral device, including: a device control module, a universal serial bus USB plug, and an audio module; wherein the device control module is connected to the USB plug and the audio module, and is configured as a control station.
  • a transmission channel used for signal transmission between the USB plug and the audio module wherein the transmission channel includes a first transmission channel and a second transmission channel, where the first transmission channel is a device to be received through the USB plug
  • the audio signal is converted into a channel of the I2S format by a USB format
  • the second transmission channel is a channel for converting the audio signal received through the USB plug from a low-power inter-chip serial media SLIM bus format to an I2S format.
  • the present disclosure also provides a method for transmitting an audio signal, comprising: determining, after the terminal peripheral is connected to the terminal, a transmission channel used for signal transmission between the USB plug and the audio module, wherein the transmission channel includes a first transmission channel and a second transmission channel, wherein the audio channel received by the USB plug is converted from a USB format to an I2S format channel, and the second transmission channel is a device to be received through the USB plug
  • the audio signal is converted into a channel of the I2S format by a low-power inter-chip serial media SLIM bus format; the terminal peripheral device performs signal transmission between the USB plug and the audio module according to the determined transmission channel.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural block diagram of a terminal peripheral provided by an embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a structural block diagram of a terminal peripheral device according to another embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a structural block diagram of a digital dual mode audio signal transmission system according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of establishing an audio channel and a USB channel when a headphone plug is inserted in a forward manner according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of establishing an audio channel and a USB channel when a headphone plug is inserted in a forward direction according to another embodiment
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a CC module according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 7 is a flow chart of interaction between a SLIM BUS Over USB Type-C host and a peripheral device according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a UAC mode operation of a dual mode peripheral when a host supports a UAC architecture according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual mode audio signal transmission system according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a dual mode earphone circuit according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 11 is a flow chart of interaction between a host and an earphone according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 12 is a flow chart showing the operation of the dual mode headphone UAC mode according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart of a method for transmitting an audio signal according to an embodiment.
  • the UAC earphone and the analog-digital hybrid earphone in the related art have problems of large call delay, poor anti-interference ability, and large power consumption. Therefore, to solve the above problem, the adopted solution must have the following characteristics: low mobile call delay , pure digital mode and low power consumption.
  • the Serial Low-power Inter-chip Media Bus implements System On Chip (SOC) with two wires (including the application processor (Application).
  • SOC System On Chip
  • AP Processor
  • DBB Baseband Processor
  • the above method has a series of features that solve the inherent problems of the UAC architecture headset: low delay, pure digital and low power consumption, is a simple inter-chip signal transmission scheme.
  • the SLIMbus is directly extracted from the terminal and used as a bus for transmitting signals between the terminal and the earphone, thereby implementing a SLIMbus Over USB Type-C earphone solution.
  • the English definition of SLIMbus is:
  • the Serial Low-power Inter-chip Media Bus (SLIMbus SM ) is a standard interface between baseband or application processors and peripheral components in mobile terminals.
  • the low-power inter-chip serial media bus SLIMbus is in the mobile terminal.
  • SLIMbus In addition to low power consumption and call delay, SLIMbus meets the requirements. More importantly, SLIMbus can hang multiple peripheral devices like the Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C) bus. In this way, we can hang an audio CODEC inside the host and an audio CODEC outside the host.
  • I2C Inter-Integrated Circuit
  • USB Type-C headset must meet the basic properties of the USB headset: support for hot swap and traversing the USB Type-C interface.
  • SLIMbus supports hot swapping.
  • SLIMbus is not designed to improve hot-swap capacity.
  • the purpose of SLIMbus is to complete communication in a single client terminal such as a mobile phone.
  • the SLIMbus bus device allows for dynamic "drop” and “re-access” buses, depending on the system usage requirements resulting from the appropriate protocol in the SLIMbus bus specification. This is sufficient for the hot plugging requirements of USB Type-C headphones.
  • SLIMbus can traverse the USB Type-C interface.
  • SLIMbus as a serial bus, SLIMbus only has two lines: clock line (CLK) and data line (DATA), control signals, audio signals and wire control signals are transmitted using these two lines, easily multiplexed by pins or The way the port is extended traverses the USB Type-C interface.
  • CLK clock line
  • DATA data line
  • a headset architecture SLIMbus Over USB Type-C, can be designed based on SLIMbus.
  • the traditional UAC headset has a huge user base.
  • the embodiment provides a dual mode headset, which supports both the SLIMbus Over USB Type-C architecture and the UAC architecture.
  • the SLIMbus bus and the SoundWire bus in the dual mode are both in the form of a dual bus, one is a clock line and the other is a serial data line, and the electrical characteristics are compatible.
  • the SLIMbus bus and SoundWire are both mobile industry processor interface (MIPI) protocol standards.
  • the present disclosure provides a solution for terminal peripherals, see the following embodiments.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural block diagram of a terminal peripheral provided by an embodiment.
  • the terminal peripheral includes: a device control module 10, a USB plug 12, and an audio module 14.
  • the device control module 10 is connected to the USB plug 12 and the audio module 14 and is configured to control a transmission channel used by the USB plug 12 to transmit signals to the audio module 14.
  • the transmission channel includes a first transmission channel and a second transmission channel, where the first transmission channel is a channel for converting an audio signal received through the USB plug 12 from a USB format to an I2S format, and the second transmission is performed.
  • the channel is a channel for converting an audio signal received through the USB plug 12 described above into a low-power inter-chip serial media SLIM bus format to an I2S format.
  • the USB plug 12 is configured to provide an interface for connection to a USB receptacle of the terminal to which the terminal peripheral is accessed, to receive audio signals from the terminal.
  • the first transmission channel and the second transmission channel are both disposed between the USB plug 12 and the audio module 14 described above.
  • FIG. 2 is a structural block diagram of a terminal peripheral provided by another embodiment.
  • the terminal peripheral device further includes: a first conversion bridge module 16 disposed on the first transmission channel, configured to convert an audio signal received from the USB plug from a USB format to an I2S format.
  • the first conversion bridge module 16 is built in the device control module 10 described above.
  • the terminal peripheral device further includes: a second conversion bridge module 18, disposed on the second transmission channel, configured to convert an audio signal received from the USB plug by a SLIMbus format For the I2S format.
  • the second switching bridge module 18 is a hub HUB.
  • the second conversion bridge module 18 is a programmable circuit module configured to obtain a firmware upgrade program from the device control module 10.
  • the firmware upgrade program is configured to convert the second conversion bridge module 18 from the first function to the second function.
  • the first function is to convert the audio signal from the SLIMbus format to the I2S format
  • the second function is to convert the audio signal received from the USB plug into a format other than the SLIMbus format to the I2S format.
  • the other formats described above include: a Soundwire bus format.
  • the audio module 14 includes at least one of the following: a CODEC, a digital signal processor, a speaker, and an audio amplifier.
  • the USB plug includes one of the following: a USB Type-C plug and a Micro USB plug.
  • USB Type-C headset takes a USB Type-C headset as an example.
  • the present disclosure proposes a SLIMbus Over USB Type-C architecture solution.
  • Use the SLIMbus bus to traverse the USB Type-C interface to transfer audio, data and control signals between the host and the USB interface audio peripherals using the SLIMbus bus.
  • the present disclosure proposes a dual-mode USB Type-C audio architecture solution, where the dual mode refers to the SLIMbus architecture mode and the UAC architecture mode.
  • the SLIMbus architecture model is used to solve problems innovatively, and the UAC architecture model is used to inherit and adapt to a wide range of user bases.
  • Mode 1 in dual mode is a traditional UAC audio architecture.
  • UAC follows the USB Audio Device Class Specification standard protocol.
  • UAC mode 1 is used as a universal mode compatible with existing UAC mainframes and peripherals.
  • Mode 2 in the dual mode is an innovative design of the SLIMbus Over USB Type-C architecture.
  • the audio signal is transmitted between the host and the peripheral through the SLIMbus bus.
  • the control signal and the data signal can also be transmitted through the SLIMbus bus.
  • the peripheral side SLIMbus-I2S conversion bridge of Mode 2 can be reconstructed into a SoundWire-I2S conversion bridge if implemented using a programmable logic device.
  • the corresponding entire architecture can be reconstructed into the SoundWire Over USB Type-C architecture.
  • Mode 1 and Mode 2 share the USB Device Control Module and Peripheral Audio (AUDIO) module.
  • the USB device control module completes the UAC architecture USB-I2S conversion bridge function of mode 1, and also completes the device controller function of mode 2 SLIMbus architecture: design the mode 2 architecture audio peripheral as a special USB device.
  • the USB device control module shares the USB interface of the mode 1 and the USB device controller, and completes the initial setting and control of the peripheral AUDIO module shared by the mode 1 and the mode 2.
  • Reconfigurable means that the hardware design is not changed, that is, the printed circuit board (PCB) is not redesigned, and the chip is not re-spliced.
  • the firmware is upgraded by means of firmware upgrade.
  • a programming logic device such as a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), is built that can be reconstructed based on definition changes.
  • FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array
  • the SLIMbus bus and the SoundWire bus are both in the form of a dual bus, one is a clock line and the other is a serial data line, and the electrical characteristics are compatible.
  • the SLIMbus and SoundWire buses are both MIPI protocol standards, but SLIMbus is a mature standard protocol. SoundWire is a well-developed standard that has not yet been published; SoundWire will have more advantages and adaptability as a latecomer.
  • the digital audio transfer bridge is first designed as a SLIMbus-I2S transfer bridge to implement an audio peripheral such as a SLIMbus Over USB Type-C chassis.
  • an audio peripheral such as a SLIMbus Over USB Type-C chassis.
  • the SLIMbus bridge can be rebuilt into a SoundWire bridge through hardware programming techniques, making the peripheral a SoundWire bus peripheral.
  • the SLIMbus bus that traverses the USB interface also becomes the SoundWire bus.
  • the entire architecture has become the SoundWire Over USB Type-C architecture.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pure digital dual mode audio signal transmission system according to an embodiment.
  • the architecture consists of the host, peripherals, and interaction signals between the host and the peripherals.
  • the host side part includes a Control & Communication (CC) controller module, a power management module, a forward and reverse channel switching module, a USB Type-C socket (Receptacle), a Central Processing Unit (CPU) system module, and Host CODEC module.
  • CC Control & Communication
  • power management module a power management module
  • forward and reverse channel switching module a USB Type-C socket (Receptacle)
  • USB Type-C socket Receptacle
  • CPU Central Processing Unit
  • Host CODEC module Host CODEC module.
  • the peripheral side part includes a USB device control module, a SLIMbus conversion bridge module, a peripheral CC control module, a peripheral AUDIO module, a peripheral power supply module, and a USB Type-C plug (Plug).
  • USB D+/D-bus The interaction signal between the host and the peripheral: USB D+/D-bus, mode 2 audio bus, channel configuration CC bus, power supply line and common ground.
  • the CC controller module is used to complete the host forward and reverse plug connection status identification through the CC bus.
  • a signal handshake interaction may be performed between the CC bus and the peripheral CC control module on the peripheral side to complete peripheral tag acquisition, host identity, and initialization of the peripheral AUDIO module.
  • the CC controller is required to support the USB Power Transfer (PD) protocol, so that the CC controller can read the electronically-marked cable assembly (EMCA) peripheral electronic in the peripheral identification module through the CC bus. label.
  • PD USB Power Transfer
  • EMCA electronically-marked cable assembly
  • the peripheral identification module can also identify whether the host supports the audio peripheral through the CC bus.
  • the power management module which is responsible for host power management, must support USB-on-the-Go (OTG) functions and have the ability to power peripherals.
  • OOG USB-on-the-Go
  • the forward and reverse insertion channel switching module can send the digital audio physical signal line sent by the host CODEC module to the corresponding pin of the USB Type-C Receptacle.
  • USB Type-C Receptacle the physical connection interface between the host and the peripheral, completes the physical connection with the USB Type-C Plug of the peripheral.
  • the CPU system module includes a hardware system platform chip such as an application processor, a baseband processor, a memory, and a radio frequency transceiver. In addition to performing functions such as signal transceiving and conversion between the mobile network base station, it is also responsible for completing the establishment control and signal of the host digital audio channel. Interaction.
  • the host CODEC module includes an audio CODEC, an Audio Digital Signal Processor (DSP), a speaker (SPEAKER), a receiver (RECEIVER), and an audio amplifier. It is connected to the digital audio bus between the forward and reverse channel switching modules.
  • DSP Audio Digital Signal Processor
  • SPEAKER speaker
  • RECEIVER receiver
  • an audio amplifier It is connected to the digital audio bus between the forward and reverse channel switching modules.
  • the USB device control module performs two functions: the USB-I2S bridge conversion function of mode 1 and the USB peripheral controller function shared by mode 1 and mode 2.
  • the USB device control module has a certain size of flash memory (FLASH) storage space, stores firmware code of the reconfigurable conversion bridge module, and DSP code and initialization setting data in the peripheral CODEC.
  • FLASH flash memory
  • the USB device control module has the ability to identify basic information about peripherals.
  • the message is: This is first a peripheral of the SLIMbus bus, which is a peripheral that supports the UAC architecture.
  • the USB device control module and the CPU system module on the host side use the USB bus for signal handshake interaction;
  • the peripheral AUDIO module is connected through the control bus to complete the initialization and register setting of the peripheral AUDIO module;
  • Connect the reconfigurable conversion bridge module to complete the code download and setup control of the reconfigurable conversion bridge module.
  • the firmware code and DSP code are loaded at power-on, and the audio channel is established.
  • the USB device control module also performs the package unpacking conversion of the mode 1 I2S data format and the USB data format.
  • the peripheral CC control module completes the USB device (Device) insertion recognition function. As an option, it can also be used as a peripheral authentication function with the ability to identify basic information of peripherals. It can communicate with the CC controller module on the host side for signal handshake. As an option, it can also be used as mode 2. A controller for the establishment of a digital audio bus channel.
  • the conversion bridge module completes the digital audio bus conversion function of mode 2, such as SLIMbus-I2S bridge conversion, SoundWire-I2S bridge conversion, and the like.
  • mode 2 such as SLIMbus-I2S bridge conversion, SoundWire-I2S bridge conversion, and the like.
  • the conversion bridge is implemented by a hardware programmable circuit such as an FPGA, the conversion bridge module also has reconfigurable features. At this point, the conversion bridge circuit can be rebuilt according to the definition changes.
  • Peripheral AUDIO modules including audio CODEC, Digital to Analog Converter (DAC), audio DAC, audio amplifier, human-computer interface, SPEAKER and microphone.
  • the audio CODEC also includes an I2S hub (HUB) function and an ADSP audio signal processor function to perform I2S signal selection or fusion processing.
  • UOB I2S hub
  • ADSP ADSP audio signal processor
  • the peripheral power supply module takes power from the USB Type-C Plug VBUS or VCONN pin and converts it to the voltage required by multiple modules on the peripheral side.
  • USB Type-C Plug the physical connection interface between the peripheral and the host, completes the function of plugging and unplugging with the USB Type-C Receptacle of the host.
  • Mode 2 of the interaction signal between the host and the peripheral SLIMbus channel setup.
  • Mode 2 digital audio bus traverse the USB Type C interface?
  • x and y are defined as the SLIMbus clock and data lines of peripheral mode 2;
  • X and Y are defined as the SLIMbus clock and data lines of master mode 2, respectively, and
  • channel 1 and channel 2 represent two optional channels.
  • the four signal lines x1, y1, x2, and y2 are passed from the B6, B7, A8, and B8 pins of the peripheral side USB Type-C Plug through the USB Type-
  • the C interface and the forward and reverse insertion channel switching modules are sent to X1, Y1, X2, and Y2 on the host side.
  • 4 is a schematic diagram showing the establishment of an audio channel and a USB channel when the earphone plug is inserted in the forward direction according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the establishment of an audio channel and a USB channel when the earphone plug is inserted in the forward direction according to another embodiment. See Figure 4 and Figure 5 for the SLIMbus channel setup.
  • the forward and reverse insertion channel switching module is composed of three dual single-pole double-throw switches MUX0, MUX1 and MUX2, and the two-way single-pole double-throw switch has a switch control signal SW and a channel on/off enable signal EN.
  • the USB Type-C interface supports the forward and reverse insertion, forward insertion and reverse insertion monitoring, which is completed by the CC controller, and the CC controller reports the monitoring result to the CPU system module; the instruction of the forward and reverse insertion channel switching is issued by the CPU system module.
  • the forward/reverse channel switching module By controlling the three switch control lines SW0, SW1, and SW2 such that MUX0, MUX1, and MUX2 are simultaneously thrown or dropped, the forward/reverse channel switching module performs an instruction to perform the forward/reverse channel switching.
  • the on/off command of the forward/reverse channel is issued by the CPU system module, and the signal path of the switch is turned on or off by controlling the three enable signal lines EN0, EN1 and EN2.
  • the initial state EN0 is the enable state, that is, the USB channel remains in a state of being through; the initial states EN1 and EN2 are in a disabled state, that is, the digital audio bus channel of mode 2 is off by default, and the inserted peripheral is recognized by the host. When the mode 2 digital audio channel is connected.
  • channel 2 is the optimal channel scheme for SLIMbus OVER USB Type-C. Because the S8/SBU2 of the A8/B8 pin of the USB Type-C interface has strong customizable attributes, it is relatively standardized, and the circuit structure is relatively simple.
  • the host side positive and negative insertion channel switching module uses a dual single-pole double-throw switch. Can achieve.
  • the channel of the interaction signal between the host and the peripheral is configured with the CC bus: the CC bus is used to complete the identification of the connection status of the host.
  • the CC line can also be used as the interaction bus between the host and the peripheral to complete the device identification and the control setting of the audio module, such as the host forward and reverse connection state recognition and CC behavior.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a USB Type-C host connection state identification table and CC behavior description according to an embodiment.
  • a Downstream Facing Port can be understood as a host CC controller
  • UFP Upstream Facing Port
  • the USB2.0 data line of the interaction signal between the host and the peripheral acts as the interactive bus between the host and the peripheral USB device control module, and completes the code download and software between the host and the peripheral. Additional features such as debugging and signal transmission.
  • the power supply line and the ground line of the interaction signal between the host and the peripheral complete the power transmission between the host and the peripheral, and provide a signal mirror circuit of the USB D+/D-, mode 2 digital audio bus and CC bus.
  • FIG. 7 is a flow chart of interaction between the SLIMbus Over USB Type-C host and the peripheral device provided by an embodiment
  • FIG. 8 is a dual mode external mode when the host only supports the UAC architecture. Set the UAC mode work flow chart.
  • the peripherals When the host is in the SLIMbus Over USB Type-C architecture, the peripherals operate in SLIMbus mode. See Figure 7 for the peripheral usage flow.
  • the peripherals When the host does not meet the SLIMbus Over USB Type-C architecture and only meets the UAC architecture, the peripherals operate in UAC mode. At this point, the interaction between the peripheral and the host is completely designed according to the UAC specification. See Figure 8 for the interaction process in UAC mode.
  • step 6090 may also have other implementations: such as passing ⁇ peripheral configuration information> with ⁇ SLIMbus bus> instead of ⁇ USB bus passing peripheral configuration information>.
  • the host side becomes: the CPU system module issues the peripheral configuration information device controller through the SLIMbus bus; the peripheral side becomes: the device controller obtains configuration information from the SLIMbus bus, and updates the peripheral AUDIO module settings.
  • Step 6100 Change from ⁇ USB Bus Passing Peripheral Configuration Complete> to ⁇ SLIMbus Bus Passing Peripheral Configuration Complete>.
  • the peripheral side becomes: the peripheral AUDIO module informs the host through the SLIMbus bus, the peripheral AUDIO module configuration is completed; the host side becomes: the CPU system module learns from the SLIMbus bus that the peripheral AUDIO module configuration is completed.
  • the technical solution of the present disclosure may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium (such as Read-Only Memory (ROM)/Random Access Memory (Random access memory). , RAM, disk or disc, comprising a plurality of instructions for causing a terminal device (which may be a cell phone, a computer, a server or a network device, etc.) to perform the method described in any of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • ROM Read-Only Memory
  • Random access memory Random access memory
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • disk or disc comprising a plurality of instructions for causing a terminal device (which may be a cell phone, a computer, a server or a network device, etc.) to perform the method described in any of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a pure digital SLIMbus/UAC dual mode audio signal transmission system according to an embodiment.
  • the architecture consists of peripherals, hosts, and interaction signals between the host and the peripherals.
  • the peripherals and the host have two working modes.
  • Mode 1 is UAC mode.
  • I2S is packaged into USB data format (I2S Over USB) to transmit audio signals.
  • Mode 2 is SLIMbus mode, and SLIMbus is directly traversed through USB Type-C interface. To deliver audio signals. Both the control signal and the data signal go through the USB D+/D-bus.
  • the peripheral side part includes the USB device control module, the conversion bridge module, the peripheral AUDIO module, the peripheral power supply module, the USB Type-C Plug, and the Rd grounding resistor.
  • the host side part in addition to the CPU system module and the host CODEC module, must also include a CC controller module, a power management module, a positive channel switching module, and a USB Type-C Receptacle.
  • the forward and reverse insertion channel switching module is implemented with a simple two-channel single-pole double-throw switch.
  • the USB D+/D- connection is fully compliant with the USB Type-C Receptacle pin definition: A6 shorts B6 to D+ signal line, A7 shorts B7 to D-signal line.
  • the interaction signal between the peripheral and the host USB bus, SLIMbus bus, CC bus, power supply line, common ground.
  • the SLIMbus bus takes channel 2, and the SLIMbus bus is connected to the A8/B8 (SBU1/SBU2) pin of the USB Type-C Plug on the peripheral side.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a SLIMbus & UAC dual mode earphone provided by an embodiment.
  • an upgradeable pure digital SLIMbus/UAC dual mode earphone is designed.
  • the headset consists of two parts: a SLIMbus & UAC dual-mode headphone adapter circuit board, and a part of the traditional headphone body (including the speaker, microphone, remote control button and headphone cable, ie the traditional earphone except the rest of the plug) .
  • the transit circuit board is mainly composed of a USB device controller module, a reconfigurable conversion bridge module, a headphone AUDIO module, a headphone power supply module, and a USB Type-C Plug and a Rd grounding resistor.
  • the USB Type-C Plug is soldered directly to this transfer circuit board.
  • the dual-mode earphone has the following features: UAC digital earphone function; and SLIMbus digital earphone function.
  • the headset has two modes of operation: UAC mode and SLIMbus mode, and SLIMbus mode has priority.
  • the audio signal is transmitted between the host and the host through the SLIMbus bus, and the control signal and human-computer interaction signal are transmitted through the USB D+/D-bus (the headphone is the volume addition and subtraction of the line control key, call and pause, etc.).
  • control signals, audio signals, and data signals are transmitted between the host and the host via the USB bus.
  • the device label is implemented by the USB Device tag method.
  • the headphone conversion bridge module is implemented by an FPGA, and the FPGA firmware code can be downloaded to the FLASH in the USB device controller module through the USB interface, and loaded when the power is turned on.
  • the load bus uses the Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) bus.
  • SPI Serial Peripheral Interface
  • the headset can be reconfigured to the SoundWire-I2S bridge by FPGA firmware upgrade.
  • the SLIMbus bus is replaced by the SoundWire bus. Accordingly, the headset becomes a dual mode of the USB Type-C plug of another SoundWire bus. Digital headphones.
  • each module of the SLIMbus & UAC dual mode headphones is as follows.
  • USB device control module Complete 2 functions: USB-I2S bridge conversion function of mode 1; USB peripheral controller function shared by mode 1 and mode 2.
  • the USB device control module has a certain size of FLASH storage space, and stores the FPGA firmware code of the reconfigurable conversion bridge module and the DSP code and initialization setting data in the headset AUDIO module. The firmware code and DSP code are loaded at power-on, and the audio channel is established.
  • the USB device control module completes the package unpacking conversion between the I2S data format of the UAC mode and the USB data format.
  • the USB device control module has the ability to identify basic information about the headset. This information includes: This is a SLIMbus & UAC dual mode headset that supports SLIMbus headset mode and UAC headset mode.
  • the SLIMbus bus is defined on the A8/B8 pins of the USB Type-C Plug.
  • the USB device control module and the CPU system module on the host side use the USB bus to perform signal handshake interaction, and complete functions such as code download, debugging, and data update.
  • the AUDIO module of the headset is connected to the AUDIO module through the SPI control bus to complete the initialization and register setting of the AUDIO module of the headset; and the uplink and downlink data of the UAC mode is transmitted between the AUDIO module and the AUDIO module of the headset using an I2S bus I2S1.
  • the conversion bridge module is connected through the SPI bus, and the loading of the FPGA firmware code is completed upon power-on, and the register data is updated, that is, the status information is reported.
  • the USB device control module also performs mode switching between the SLIMbus headset mode and the UAC mode.
  • Headphone body including earphone speaker, microphone (MICrophone, MIC), remote control button, earphone cable, etc., that is, the traditional 3.5 mm (mm) earphone except the plug.
  • Headphone power supply module The power is obtained from the VBUS of the USB Type-C Plug, converted into the voltage required by the multiple modules on the earphone side, and the power-on sequence is managed.
  • Rd grounding resistance It is a USB Device device.
  • the CC bus on the host side detects the grounding resistance of the headset and completes the USB device insertion identification.
  • Headphone AUDIO module including audio I2S HUB, CODEC, MIC DAC, headphone DAC, headphone amplifier, headphone line control identification and encoding, etc., with SPI interface, dual I2S interface, one I2S interface to conversion bridge module, another I2S The interface is connected to the USB device controller module.
  • the conversion bridge module completes the SLIMbus-I2S conversion, which is implemented in this application example with a low power FPGA field programmable gate array.
  • the FPGA firmware upgrade method the SLIMbus-I2S bridge can be reconstructed into a SoundWire-I2S bridge, and the SLIMbus bus is replaced by a SoundWire bus. Accordingly, the headset is simply upgraded by software to become another SoundWire/UAC dual. Analog digital headphones.
  • FIG. 11 is a flow chart of the interaction between the SLIMbus Over USB Type-C host and the earphone provided by an embodiment
  • FIG. 12 is a dual-mode earphone UAC provided by the host only supporting the UAC architecture. Mode work flow chart.
  • the headset works in mode 1, SLIMbus mode. See Figure 11 for the flow of use.
  • the headset works in UAC mode. See Figure 12 for the flow of use.
  • the SLIMbus&UAC dual-mode earphone has good versatility.
  • the host uses SLIMbus mode when it satisfies the SLIMbus Over USB Type-C architecture.
  • the host uses UAC mode.
  • the SLIMbus&UAC dual-mode earphone solution uses low power consumption when using SLIMbus mode, and the SLIMbus low-power digital audio bus is used for audio signal transmission. Compared with the UAC solution, I2S to USB, USB to I2S, and USB working time are saved. The power consumption that can't sleep is wasted. Overall evaluation, SLIMbus mode will save half of the power consumption of UAC mode.
  • the SLIMbus & UAC dual mode headset solution is low cost. Compared with the analog-to-digital hybrid earphone, the rear-stage circuit does not need to add a dual-headphone switch chip; in contrast to the channel-time-multiplexed analog-to-digital hybrid earphone, the front-end USB and headphone signal switch of the USB interface are omitted.
  • the SLIMbus & UAC dual-mode headphones are more secure with High Fidelity (HIFI) performance.
  • the scheme is purely digital, and the digital signal is not easily interfered.
  • the rear-stage circuit does not need to add a dual-headphone switch, thereby avoiding the insertion of the audio signal caused by the switch.
  • the USB and headphone signal switching switches are omitted, and the audio signal insertion loss caused by the switch is avoided.
  • the SLIMbus&UAC dual-mode headset solution fully satisfies the mobile call delay requirement when using SLIMbus mode.
  • the audio channel is completely the same as the traditional mobile phone, and the natural call delay is the same as that of the traditional mobile phone, meeting the call delay requirement.
  • the SLIMbus&UAC dual-mode earphone solution of the headset uses the traditional audio architecture.
  • the difficulty of developing the earphone is relatively lower, and the digitalization process of the earphone is more advanced, and the product is more likely to seize the market opportunity.
  • the digital headset design under the pure UAC architecture that fully satisfies the requirements of mobile call delay needs to wait for the UAC standard to improve, waiting for the host hardware platform and software architecture optimization, in time.
  • the SLIMbus channel can also be defined in the A6/A7 pin of the USB Type-C Plug for instant sub-multiplexing of the USB D+/D-channel.
  • the peripheral device communicates with the host device through the CC bus; the device controller uses the peripheral CC controller to implement.
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart of a method for transmitting an audio signal according to an embodiment. As shown in Figure 13, the method includes the following steps.
  • Step 1302 After the terminal peripheral is connected to the terminal, receive an audio signal received by the terminal through the UEB plug.
  • Step 1304 The terminal peripheral device determines, according to the type of the audio signal, a transmission channel used by the plug and the audio module to perform signal transmission, where the transmission channel includes a first transmission channel and a second transmission channel, where the first transmission channel is
  • the audio signal received by the USB plug is converted into a channel of the I2S format by the USB format
  • the second transmission channel is converted from the low-power inter-chip serial media SLIM bus format to the I2S format by the audio signal received through the USB plug. aisle.
  • Step 1306 The terminal peripheral device performs signal transmission between the USB plug and the audio module according to the determined transmission channel.
  • the method before the terminal peripheral determines the transmission channel used by the USB plug and the audio module for signal transmission, the method further includes: the terminal peripheral sending the first notification information to the terminal, where The first notification information is used to indicate that the terminal peripheral supports the transmission of the audio signal by using the second transmission channel; the terminal peripheral device receives the second notification information of the terminal, where the second notification information is used to indicate The terminal supports transmission of audio signals using a SLIM bus audio channel.
  • At least one of the above-described modules or at least one step of the present disclosure can be implemented by a general-purpose computing device, which can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed over a network of multiple computing devices. on. In an embodiment, they may be implemented in program code executable by a computing device such that they may be stored in a storage device for execution by the computing device and, in some cases, may be different than the order herein.
  • the steps shown or described are performed either separately as an integrated circuit module or as a single integrated circuit module. As such, the disclosure is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

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Abstract

本公开提供了一种终端外设及音频信号的传输方法。上述终端外设包括：USB插头、音频模块及设备控制模块；其中，所述设备控制模块，与所述USB插头以及所述音频模块连接，设置为控制所述USB插头与所述音频模块之间进行信号传输所采用的传输通道，其中，所述传输通道包括第一传输通道和第二传输通道，所述第一传输通道包括USB音频类UAC音频通道，所述第二传输通道包括低功耗芯片间串行媒体SLIM总线音频通道。

Description

终端外设及音频信号的传输方法
本公开要求在2017年10月12日提交中国专利局、申请号为201710948957.2的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本公开涉及电子设备技术领域，例如涉及一种终端外设及音频信号的传输方法。
背景技术
通用串行总线(Universal Serial Bus，USB)C型(Type-C)耳机主要有两种实现架构：USB音频类(USB Audio Class，UAC)数字耳机和模数混合耳机。
UAC数字耳机：
UAC数字耳机包括：USB转集成电路间音频(Inter-IC Sound，I2S)桥模块、音频编译码器(COder-DECoder，CODEC)模块、线控、耳机和麦克风本体。UAC数字耳机遵循USB音频设备类规范(USB Audio Device Class Specification)。
UAC是一个像USB这样的通用数据接口，可以有很多种实现数字音频数据传输的方式。不同的开发者可以根据自己的喜好和需求，定义任意的控制方式、传输模式以及音频格式等等参数。
USB非常适合作为以个人计算机(Personal Computer，PC)为平台的音频(包括语音和音乐等)传输协议，而基于PC的电话系统从一开始就是USB接口发展的重要考量和推动力。另外，USB接口拥有远远高于音频需求的带宽，可以传输极高品质(如高采样率、高编码率和多声道)的音频数据。因此，例如电话、音乐回放或录音等音频功能都可以很容易在USB接口实现。
谷歌(Google)安卓(Android)5.0系统支持USB数字模拟转换器(Digital to analog converter，DAC)设备和数字耳机。谷歌android 6.0支持USB语音(VOICE)(即语音通话)。
模数混合耳机：
UAC数字耳机规范还在完善中，手机新平台还在重新架构中，为避免UAC数字耳机通话时延大，无法符合通讯规范的问题，厂商往往采用的是一种模数 混合的方式来实现USB Type C耳机。设想的模数混合耳机工作方式是：语音通话时，用USB Type-C无源模拟耳机转接头架构，遵循音频适配器附件模式(Audio Adapter Accessory Mode)规范；音乐播放时采用UAC架构，遵循USB Audio Device Class Specification。
但是，上述技术方案存在以下缺陷：
1)通话时延大，UAC耳机不能满足蜂窝移动网络下语音通话的时延要求。
2)模拟音频信号抗干扰能力差，模数混合耳机在模拟模式工作时音频信号容易受到干扰，影响通话质量和音乐效果。
3)USB Type-C耳机架构，功耗比较大，采用的是USB-I2S桥或I2S穿越(OVER)USB的方式，音频信号流走的是USB物理通道。USB通道功耗比较大，且使用时主机侧的应用处理器不能睡眠，也增加了功耗开销。
为解决上述问题，相关技术中提供了使用低功耗低延迟的数据总线直接穿越USB接口与音频模块进行连接的方案，但是，该方案并未考虑与已有的耳机架构的兼容问题，导致信号抗干扰差，产品的适用场景受限。
发明内容
本公开提供了一种终端外设及音频信号的传输方法，以至少解决相关技术中低功耗低延迟的解决方案无法具备较高的信号抗干扰性的问题。
本公开提供了一种终端外设，包括：设备控制模块、通用串行总线USB插头和音频模块；其中，所述设备控制模块，与所述USB插头以及所述音频模块连接，设置为控制所述USB插头与所述音频模块进行信号传输所采用的传输通道，其中，所述传输通道包括第一传输通道和第二传输通道，所述第一传输通道为将通过所述USB插头接收的所述音频信号由USB格式转换为I2S格式的通道，所述第二传输通道为将通过所述USB插头接收的所述音频信号由低功耗芯片间串行媒体SLIM总线格式转换为I2S格式的通道。
本公开还提供了一种音频信号的传输方法，包括：终端外设与终端连接后，确定USB插头与音频模块进行信号传输所采用的传输通道，其中，所述传输通道包括第一传输通道和第二传输通道，所述第一传输通道为将通过所述USB插头接收的所述音频信号由USB格式转换为I2S格式的通道，所述第二传输通道为将通过所述USB插头接收的所述音频信号由低功耗芯片间串行媒体SLIM总线格式转换为I2S格式的通道；所述终端外设依据确定的所述传输通道进行所述 USB插头与所述音频模块之间的信号传输。
附图说明
图1是一实施例提供的一种终端外设的结构框图；
图2是另一实施例提供的一种终端外设的结构框图；
图3是一实施例提供的一种数字双模音频信号传输系统的结构框图；
图4是一实施例提供的耳机插头正向插入时音频通道和USB通道建立示意图；
图5是另一实施例提供的耳机插头正向插入时音频通道和USB通道建立示意图；
图6是一实施例提供的CC模块的结构示意图；
图7是一实施例提供的SLIM BUS Over USB Type-C主机和外设间的交互流程图；
图8是一实施例提供的主机支持UAC架构时双模外设UAC模式工作流程图；
图9是一实施例提供的双模音频信号传输系统架构示意图；
图10是一实施例提供的双模耳机电路示意图；
图11是一实施例提供的一种主机和耳机间的交互流程图；
图12是一实施例提供的双模耳机UAC模式的工作流程图；
图13是一实施例提供的音频信号的传输方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
下文中将参考附图并结合实施例来说明本公开。
本公开的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”或“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述指定的顺序或先后次序。
相关技术中的UAC耳机和模数混合耳机存在通话时延大、抗干扰能力差以及功耗较大等问题，因此，要解决上述问题，采用的方案一定要具有以下特征：移动通话时延低、纯数字方式且功耗低。
在终端平台上，低功耗芯片间串行媒体总线(Serial Low-power Inter-chip Media Bus，SLIMbus)用两根线实现了系统级芯片(System On Chip，SOC)(包括应用处理器(Application Processor，AP)和基带处理器(Digital Baseband， DBB)等)与音频CODEC间的控制信号、音频信号以及数据信号的传递。且上述方式具有解决UAC架构耳机固有问题的一系列特征：时延低、纯数字以及低功耗，是一种简洁的芯片间信号传递的方案。
为解决上述问题，本实施例中将SLIMbus从终端里直接拽出来，用作终端跟耳机之间传递信号的总线，实现一种SLIMbus Over(穿越)USB Type-C的耳机方案。
SLIMbus的英文定义是：The Serial Low-power Inter-chip Media Bus(SLIMbus SM)is a standard interface between baseband or application processors and peripheral components in mobile terminals.低功耗芯片间串行媒体总线SLIMbus是移动终端内基带或应用处理器与外设部件间的标准接口。
SLIMbus除了功耗低以及通话时延满足要求外，更重要的是，SLIMbus像内部整合电路(Inter-Integrated Circuit，I2C)总线一样，可以挂多个外设器件。这样我们可以在主机内部挂一个音频CODEC，主机外部挂一个音频CODEC。
USB Type-C耳机必须满足USB耳机的基本属性要求：支持热插拔和穿越USB Type-C接口。
SLIMbus支持热插拔。SLIMbus虽不是为提高热插拔容量而设计的，SLIMbus的目的是要在如移动电话等单个客户终端内完成通信。然而，根据SLIMbus总线规范中适当协议而产生的系统使用需求，SLIMbus总线设备允许动态的“掉线”和“重新接入”总线。这正可满足了USB Type-C耳机的热插拔要求。
另外，SLIMbus可以穿越USB Type-C接口。SLIMbus作为一种串行总线，SLIMbus只有两根线：时钟线(CLK)和数据线(DATA)，控制信号、音频信号以及线控信号使用这两根线进行传输，容易通过管脚复用或端口扩展的方式穿越USB Type-C接口。
由此可见，可以基于SLIMbus设计一种耳机架构，即SLIMbus Over USB Type-C的耳机。
另外，传统UAC耳机还有巨大的用户群，考虑到应用的广泛性，本实施例提供一种双模耳机，既支持SLIMbus Over USB Type-C架构，又支持UAC架构。
另外，双模中的SLIMbus总线和声线(SoundWire)总线都是双总线形式，一根是时钟线，一根是串行数据线，电器特性上是兼容的。SLIMbus总线和SoundWire都是移动行业处理器接口(Mobile Industry Processor Interface，MIPI)协议标准。
本公开提供了终端外设的解决方案，见以下实施例。
实施例1
图1为一实施例提供的终端外设的结构框图。如图1所示，该终端外设包括：设备控制模块10、USB插头12以及音频模块14。在一实施例中，上述设备控制模块10，与上述USB插头12和音频模块14连接，设置为控制上述USB插头12与上述音频模块14进行信号传输所采用的传输通道。在一实施例中，上述传输通道包括第一传输通道和第二传输通道，上述第一传输通道为将通过上述USB插头12接收的音频信号由USB格式转换为I2S格式的通道，上述第二传输通道为将通过上述USB插头12接收的音频信号由低功耗芯片间串行媒体SLIM总线格式转换为I2S格式的通道。
在一实施例中，USB插头12设置为提供与上述终端外设所接入终端的USB插座进行连接的接口，接收来自上述终端的音频信号。
在一实施例中，第一传输通道和第二传输通道均设置于上述USB插头12和上述音频模块14之间。
图2为另一实施例提供的一种终端外设的结构框图。如图2所示，上述终端外设还包括：第一转换桥模块16，设置于上述第一传输通道上，设置为将从上述USB插头接收的音频信号由USB格式转换为I2S格式
在一实施例中，上述第一转换桥模块16内置于上述设备控制模块10中。
如图2所示，在一实施例中，上述终端外设还包括：第二转换桥模块18，设置于上述第二传输通道上，设置为将从上述USB插头接收的音频信号由SLIMbus格式转换为I2S格式。
在一实施例中，上述第二转换桥模块18为集线器HUB。
在一实施例中，上述第二转换桥模块18为可编程电路模块，设置为从上述设备控制模块10中获取固件升级程序。在一实施例中，上述固件升级程序用于将上述第二转换桥模块18由第一功能转换为第二功能。在一实施例中，上述第一功能为将音频信号由SLIMbus格式转换为I2S格式，上述第二功能为将从上述USB插头接收的音频信号由除上述SLIMbus格式之外的其它格式转换为I2S格式。在一实施例中，上述其它格式包括：Soundwire总线格式。
在一实施例中，上述音频模块14包括以下至少之一：CODEC、数字信号处理器、扬声器以及音频放大器。
在一实施例中，上述USB插头包括以下之一：USB Type-C插头和Micro USB 插头。
为了更好地理解上述实施例，以下以USB Type-C耳机为例进行说明。
为解决UAC数字耳机和模数混合耳机存在的问题(通话时延大、功耗高以及抗干扰能力差)，本公开提出了一种SLIMbus Over USB Type-C架构方案。利用SLIMbus总线穿越USB Type-C接口，在主机和USB接口音频外设间，用SLIMbus总线传递音频、数据和控制信号。
因为UAC协议主机和外设比较多，拥有广泛的用户基础，本公开提出一种双模USB Type-C音频架构解决方案，这里的双模指SLIMbus架构模式和UAC架构模式。用SLIMbus架构模式来创新地解决问题，用UAC架构模式来继承和适应广泛的用户基础。
双模中的模式1是传统的UAC音频架构。UAC遵循USB Audio Device Class Specification标准协议。用UAC模式1作为通用模式兼容已有的UAC主机和外设。
双模中的模式2是创新设计SLIMbus Over(穿越)USB Type-C架构。主机和外设间通过SLIMbus总线传输音频信号，SLIMbus通道建立后还可通过SLIMbus总线传输控制信号和数据信号。而且模式2的外设侧SLIMbus-I2S转换桥，如果使用可编程逻辑器件来实现的话，可重构成SoundWire-I2S转换桥。相应的整个架构可重构成SoundWire Over USB Type-C架构。
模式1与模式2的关系：模式1和模式2共用USB设备控制模块和外设音频(AUDIO)模块。USB设备控制模块既完成模式1的UAC架构USB-I2S转换桥功能，还完成模式2的SLIMbus架构的设备控制器功能：将模式2架构音频外设设计成一种特别的USB设备(Device)。USB设备控制模块共用模式1的USB接口和USB设备控制器，完成模式1和模式2共用的外设AUDIO模块的初始化设置及控制。
可重构是指，不改变硬件设计，即不重新设计印刷电路板(Printed Circuit Board，PCB)，又不重新贴片，只是通过固件升级的方式，将数字音频转接桥用低功耗可编程逻辑器件(如现场可编程门阵列(Field-Programmable Gate Array，FPGA))来构建，这种转换桥电路可以根据定义改变而重新构建。
因SLIMbus总线和SoundWire总线都是双总线形式，一根是时钟线，一根是串行数据线，电器特性上是兼容的。SLIMbus总线和SoundWire总线都是MIPI协议标准，只是SLIMbus是个成熟的标准协议，SoundWire是正在完善中的还 没发表的标准；SoundWire作为后来者将有更多优点和适应性。
先将数字音频转接桥设计成SLIMbus-I2S转接桥，来实现一种SLIMbus Over USB Type-C架构耳机等音频外设。待SoundWire总线协议正式发布后，可将SLIMbus桥通过硬件编程技术重建成SoundWire桥，使外设变成一种SoundWire总线外设。穿越USB接口的SLIMbus总线也变成了SoundWire总线。整个架构相应的变成了SoundWire Over USB Type-C架构。
图3是一实施例提供的一种纯数字双模音频信号传输系统架构。参见图3，该架构由主机、外设及主机跟外设间的交互信号构成。
主机侧部分，包括控制与通信(Control&Communication，CC)控制器模块、电源管理模块、正反插信道切换模块、USB Type-C插座(Receptacle)、中央处理器(Central Processing Unit，CPU)系统模块和主机CODEC模块。
外设侧部分，包括USB设备控制模块、SLIMbus转换桥模块、外设CC控制模块、外设AUDIO模块、外设供电模块、USB Type-C插头(Plug)。
主机跟外设间的交互信号：USB D+/D-总线、模式2音频总线、通道配置CC总线、供电线和共地线。
主机侧部分：
CC控制器模块，通过CC总线用来完成主机正反插连接状态识别。在一实施例中，还可通过CC总线，与外设侧的外设CC控制模块间，进行信号握手交互，用来完成外设标签的获取、主机身份标识和外设AUDIO模块的初始化。此时，要求CC控制器支持USB功率传输(Power Delivery，PD)协议，使CC控制器能通过CC总线，读外设识别模块中的电子标记电缆组件(Electronically Marked Cable Assembly，EMCA)外设电子标签。外设识别模块也可以通过CC总线识别主机是否支持该音频外设。
电源管理模块，负责主机电源管理，必须支持USB活动式(On-The-Go，OTG)功能，具有给外设供电的能力。
正反插信道切换模块，能将主机CODEC模块送出的数字音频物理信号线路由到USB Type-C Receptacle相应管脚上。
USB Type-C Receptacle，主机与外设间的物理连接接口，完成与外设的USB Type-C Plug进行物理连接的功能。
CPU系统模块，包括应用处理器、基带处理器、存储器以及射频收发等硬件系统平台芯片，除完成与移动网络基站间的信号收发转换等功能外，还负责 完成主机数字音频信道的建立控制及信号交互。
主机CODEC模块，包括音频CODEC，Audio数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor，DSP)，扬声器(SPEAKER)、接收器(RECEIVER)以及音频放大器等。与正反插信道切换模块间用数字音频总线相连。
外设侧部分：
USB设备控制模块，完成2个功能：模式1的USB-I2S桥转换功能；模式1和模式2共用的USB外设控制器功能。USB设备控制模块具有一定大小的闪存(FLASH)存储空间，存储可重构转换桥模块的固件代码和外设CODEC里的DSP代码和初始化设置数据。
作为外设控制器，USB设备控制模块具有标识外设基本信息的能力。这些信息是：这首先是一个SLIMbus总线的外设，这还是一个支持UAC架构的外设。
作为外设控制器，USB设备控制模块与主机侧的CPU系统模块间，用USB总线进行信号握手交互；通过控制总线接外设AUDIO模块，完成外设AUDIO模块的初始化和寄存器设置；通过控制总线接可重构转换桥模块，完成可重构转换桥模块代码下载和设置控制。上电时完成固件代码和DSP代码的加载，和音频通道建立控制。
作为USB-I2S转换桥，USB设备控制模块还完成模式1的I2S数据格式与USB数据格式的打包解包转换。
外设CC控制模块，完成USB设备(Device)插入识别功能。作为可选项，还可用作外设认证功能，具有标识外设基本信息的能力，与主机侧的CC控制器模块间，用CC总线进行信号握手交互；作为可选项，还可用做模式2的数字音频总线通道建立的控制器。
转换桥模块，完成模式2的数字音频总线转换功能，比如，SLIMbus-I2S桥转换，SoundWire-I2S桥转换等。当该转换桥用FPGA等硬件可编程电路来实现时，该转换桥模块还具有可重构特征。这时，转换桥电路可以根据定义改变而重新构建。现阶段我们先将数字音频转接桥设计成SLIMbus-I2S转接桥，将外设构建成一种SLIMbus总线音频外设。待今后SoundWire总线协议正式发布后，可将SLIMbus桥通过硬件编程技术重建成SoundWire桥，使外设不用更改硬件只通过软件升级的方式就变为一种SoundWire总线音频外设。
外设AUDIO模块，包括音频CODEC、麦克数字模拟转换器(Digital to Analog Converter，DAC)、音频DAC、音频放大器、人机交互接口、SPEAKER 和麦克风等。音频CODEC还包括I2S集线器(HUB)功能及ADSP音频信号处理器功能，完成I2S信号的选择或融合处理。
外设供电模块，从USB Type-C Plug VBUS或VCONN管脚获取电源，转换成外设侧多个模块所需的电压。
USB Type-C Plug，外设与主机间的物理连接接口，完成与主机的USB Type-C Receptacle进行插拔的功能。
主机跟外设间的交互信号之模式2 SLIMbus信道建立。
模式2数字音频总线如何穿越USB Type C接口？双模时，有两个通道可以用来建立SLIMbus总线的信道，参见图3中的模式2通道1和模式2通道2。图3中将x和y分别定义为外设模式2的SLIMbus时钟和数据线；将X和Y分别定义为主机模式2的SLIMbus时钟和数据线，通道1和通道2表示两个可选通道。要使SLIMbus总线穿过USB Type-C接口，即是将四根信号线x1、y1、x2和y2从外设侧USB Type-C Plug的B6、B7、A8和B8管脚穿过USB Type-C接口和正反插信道切换模块，送到主机侧的X1、Y1、X2和Y2。图4是一实施例提供的耳机插头正向插入时音频通道和USB通道建立示意图；图5是另一实施例提供的耳机插头正向插入时音频通道和USB通道建立示意图。SLIMbus信道建立参见图4和图5。说明一下，正反插信道切换模块由三个双路单刀双掷开关MUX0、MUX1和MUX2构成，双路单刀双掷开关带开关控制信号SW和通道通断使能信号EN。
USB Type-C接口支持正反插，正向插和反向插的监测，由CC控制器完成，CC控制器将监测结果报告给CPU系统模块；正反插信道切换的指令由CPU系统模块下达，通过控制3根开关控制线SW0、SW1和SW2使得MUX0、MUX1和MUX2同时上掷或下掷来使得正反插信道切换模块执行正反插信道切换的指令。正反插信道的通断指令由CPU系统模块下达，通过控制3根使能信号线EN0、EN1和EN2将切换开关的信号通道贯通或断开。初始状态EN0是使能状态，即USB通道保持随时贯通状态；初始状态EN1和EN2是断开(disable)状态，即模式2的数字音频总线通道默认是断开状态，插入的外设得到主机认可时，才将模式2数字音频通道贯通。
结合图3、图4、图5和USB Type-C接口规范，综合看来通道2是SLIMbus穿越(OVER)USB Type-C的最优通道方案。因USB Type-C接口的A8/B8管脚的SBU1/SBU2可自定义属性较强，比较规范，电路结构也相对简单，主机侧 的正反插信道切换模块用一个双路单刀双掷开关就可实现。
主机跟外设间的交互信号之通道配置CC总线：CC总线用来完成主机正反插连接状态识别。作为可选项，外设CC控制模块作为设备控制器时，还可用CC线作为主机与外设间的交互总线，来完成设备标识和音频模块的控制设置等主机正反插连接状态识别和CC行为。图6是一实施例提供的一种USB Type-C主机连接状态识别表和CC行为说明示意图。参见图6，下行端口(Downstream Facing Port，DFP)可理解为主机CC控制器，上行端口(Upstream Facing Port，UFP)可理解为外设侧设备控制模块。
主机跟外设间的交互信号之USB2.0数据线：USB2.0的D+/D-数据线作为主机与外设USB设备控制模块间的交互总线，完成主机与外设间的代码下载、软件调试以及信号传递等功能。
主机跟外设间的交互信号之供电线和接地线：完成主机给外设间的电源传输，并提供USB D+/D-、模式2数字音频总线以及CC总线的信号镜像回路。
主机和外设间的交互流程：图7为一实施例提供的SLIMbus Over USB Type-C主机和外设间的交互流程图；图8是一实施例提供的主机只支持UAC架构时双模外设UAC模式工作流程图。当主机是满足SLIMbus Over USB Type-C架构时，外设工作在SLIMbus模式。外设使用流程参见图7。当主机不满足SLIMbus Over USB Type-C架构而只满足UAC架构时，外设工作在UAC模式。此时，外设与主机间的交互完全按UAC规范设计。UAC模式下交互流程参见图8。
图7的流程图中，步骤6090还可以有其它实现方式：如用<SLIMbus总线传递外设配置信息>代替<USB总线传递外设配置信息>。主机侧变为：CPU系统模块通过SLIMbus总线下发外设配置信息设备控制器；外设侧变为：设备控制器从SLIMbus总线上获得配置信息，更新外设AUDIO模块设置。步骤6100：由<USB总线传递外设配置完成>变为<SLIMbus总线传递外设配置完成>。外设侧变为：外设AUDIO模块通过SLIMbus总线告知主机，外设AUDIO模块配置完成；主机侧变为：CPU系统模块从SLIMbus总线获悉外设AUDIO模块配置完成。步骤6110：由<SLIMbus通道传递音频、USB总线传递外设数据>变为<SLIMbus通道传递音频、控制、数据信息>。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员可以了解到根据上述实施例的方法可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现，当然也可以通过硬 件，但很多情况下前者是更佳的实施方式。基于这样的理解，本公开的技术方案可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质(如只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)/随机存取存储器(Random access memory，RAM)、磁碟或光盘)中，包括多个指令用以使得一台终端设备(可以是手机、计算机、服务器或者网络设备等)执行本公开任意实施例所述的方法。
实施例2
图9为一实施例提供的一种纯数字SLIMbus/UAC双模音频信号传输系统架构。如图9所示，该架构由外设、主机及主机跟外设间的交互信号构成。外设和主机有两种工作模式，模式1即UAC模式，将I2S打包成USB数据格式(I2S Over USB)用来传递音频信号；模式2即SLIMbus模式，将SLIMbus直接穿越USB Type-C接口用来传递音频信号。控制信号和数据信号都走USB D+/D-总线。
外设侧部分，包括USB设备控制模块、转换桥模块、外设AUDIO模块、外设供电模块、USB Type-C Plug和Rd接地电阻。
主机侧部分，除包括CPU系统模块和主机CODEC模块外，还必须包括CC控制器模块、电源管理模块、正发插信道切换模块和USB Type-C Receptacle。正反插信道切换模块用一个简单的双通道单刀双掷开关实现。USB D+/D-连接完全遵从USB Type-C Receptacle管脚定义：A6短接B6接D+信号线，A7短接B7接D-信号线。
外设跟主机间的交互信号：USB总线、SLIMbus总线，CC总线，供电线，共地线。SLIMbus总线走通道2，将SLIMbus总线在外设侧接USB Type-C Plug的A8/B8(SBU1/SBU2)管脚。
实施例3
图10为一实施例提供的一种SLIMbus&UAC双模耳机示意图。本实施例，基于实施例2的音频信号传输系统架构，设计出一种可升级的纯数字SLIMbus/UAC双模耳机。参见图10，该耳机由两部分组成：一部分是SLIMbus&UAC双模耳机转接电路板，一部分是传统的耳机本体(包括喇叭、麦克风、线控按键和耳机线缆即传统耳机除了插头的其他部分)。
这个转接电路板主要由USB设备控制器模块、可重构转换桥模块、耳机 AUDIO模块、耳机供电模块构成和USB Type-C Plug和Rd接地电阻六部分构成。USB Type-C Plug直接焊在这个转接电路小板上。
该双模耳机具有以下特征：具有UAC数字耳机功能；具有SLIMbus数字耳机功能。
该耳机具有两种工作模式：UAC模式和SLIMbus模式，SLIMbus模式具有优先权。
SLIMbus模式时，跟主机间通过SLIMbus总线传递音频信号，通过USB D+/D-总线传递控制信号和人机交互信号(耳机为线控键的音量加减、通话和暂停等)。
UAC模式时，跟主机间通过USB总线传递控制信号、音频信号、数据信号。
设备标签通过USB Device标签方式来实现。
该耳机转换桥模块用FPGA实现，FPGA固件代码可通过USB接口下载到USB设备控制器模块里的FLASH里，上电时加载。为缩短固件加载时间，加载总线选用串行外设接口(Serial Peripheral Interface，SPI)总线。
该耳机可通过FPGA固件升级方式，可将SLIMbus-I2S桥重构为SoundWire-I2S桥，SLIMbus总线更替为SoundWire总线，相应地，耳机变成另外一种SoundWire总线的USB Type-C插头的双模数字耳机。
该SLIMbus&UAC双模耳机每个模块功能如下。
1)USB设备控制模块：完成2个功能：模式1的USB-I2S桥转换功能；模式1和模式2共用的USB外设控制器功能。USB设备控制模块具有一定大小的FLASH存储空间，存储可重构转换桥模块的FPGA固件代码和耳机AUDIO模块里的DSP代码和初始化设置数据。上电时完成固件代码和DSP代码的加载，和音频通道建立控制。
作为USB-I2S转换桥，USB设备控制模块完成UAC模的I2S数据格式与USB数据格式间的打包解包转换。
作为USB外设控制器，USB设备控制模块具有标识耳机基本信息的能力。这些信息包括：这是一个SLIMbus&UAC双模耳机，支持SLIMbus耳机模式和UAC耳机模式。SLIMbus总线定义在了USB Type-C Plug的A8/B8管脚。
作为外设控制器，USB设备控制模块与主机侧的CPU系统模块间，用USB总线进行信号握手交互，完成代码下载、调试和数据更新等功能。通过SPI控制总线接耳机AUDIO模块，完成耳机AUDIO模块的初始化和寄存器设置；与 耳机AUDIO模块之间，用一个I2S总线I2S1传输UAC模式的上下行数据。通过SPI总线接转换桥模块，上电时完成FPGA固件代码的加载，和寄存器数据更新即状态信息的上报。作为外设控制器，USB设备控制模块还完成SLIMbus耳机模式与UAC模式的模式切换功能。
2)耳机本体：包括耳机喇叭、麦克风(MICrophone，MIC)、线控按键、耳机线缆等，即传统3.5毫米(mm)耳机除了插头外所有部分。
3)耳机供电模块：从USB Type-C Plug的VBUS获取电源，转换成耳机侧多个模块所需的电压，并进行上电顺序的管理。
4)Rd接地电阻：标识这是一个USB Device设备，主机侧的CC总线通过检测这个接地电阻，完成耳机USB Device插入识别。
5)耳机AUDIO模块：包括音频I2S HUB、CODEC、MIC DAC、耳机DAC、耳机放大器、耳机线控识别和编码等，具有SPI接口，具有双I2S接口，一个I2S接口接转换桥模块，另一个I2S接口接USB设备控制器模块。
6)转换桥模块，完成SLIMbus-I2S转换，在本应用例中用低功耗FPGA现场可编程门阵列来实现。通过FPGA固件升级方式，可将SLIMbus-I2S桥重构为SoundWire-I2S桥，SLIMbus总线更替为SoundWire总线，相应地，该耳机只通过软件升级的方式，就变成了另外一种SoundWire/UAC双模数字耳机。
该SLIMbus&UAC双模耳机的使用流程：图11是一实施例提供的SLIMbus Over USB Type-C主机和耳机间的交互流程图；图12是一实施例提供的主机只支持UAC架构时双模耳机UAC模式工作流程图。当主机是满足SLIMbus Over USB Type-C架构时，耳机工作在模式1，即SLIMbus模式。使用流程参见图11。当主机不满足SLIMbus Over USB Type-C架构而只满足UAC架构时，耳机工作在UAC模式。使用流程参见图12。
该SLIMbus&UAC双模耳机的技术效果：
1)该SLIMbus&UAC双模耳机通用性好，主机满足SLIMbus Over USB Type-C架构时用SLIMbus模式，主机只满足UAC架构时，用UAC模式。
2)该SLIMbus&UAC双模耳机方案使用SLIMbus模式时功耗低，音频信号传输使用的是SLIMbus低功耗数字音频总线；相对UAC方案，更省掉了I2S转USB、USB转I2S、USB工作时AP不能睡眠的功耗浪费。整体评估下来，SLIMbus模式会比UAC模式功耗省一半。
3)该SLIMbus&UAC双模耳机方案成本低。相对模数混合耳机来讲，后级 电路无需加双路耳机切换开关芯片；相对通道时分复用的模数混合耳机来讲，更省掉了USB接口的前级USB和耳机信号切换开关。
4)该SLIMbus&UAC双模耳机高保真(High Fidelity，HIFI)性能更有保障。首先，该方案是纯数字的，数字信号不容易受干扰；其次，相对模数混合耳机来讲，后级电路无需加双路耳机切换开关，避免了开关造成的音频信号插损。相对通道时分复用的模数混合耳机来讲，跟省掉了USB和耳机信号切换开关，避免了开关造成的音频信号插损。
5)该SLIMbus&UAC双模耳机方案使用SLIMbus模式时能完全满足移动通话时延要求。音频通路完全跟传统手机一样，自然通话时延也跟传统手机一样，满足通话时延要求。
6)该耳机SLIMbus&UAC双模耳机方案，软件上沿用了传统的音频架构，开发耳机难度相对更低，耳机完全数字化进程更提前，产品更容易抢占市场先机。纯UAC架构下的完全满足移动通话时延要求的数字耳机设计，需等待UAC标准改进，等待主机硬件平台和软件架构优化，假以时日才能实现。
作为一种可选方式，SLIMbus信道，也可定义在USB Type-C Plug的A6/A7管脚，即时分复用USB D+/D-通道。外设与主机设备间，通过CC总线交互；设备控制器使用外设CC控制器来实现。
实施例4
图13为一实施例提供的一种音频信号的传输方法的流程图。如图13所示，该方法包括以下步骤。
步骤1302，终端外设与终端连接后，接收来自终端通过UEB插头接收的音频信号。
步骤1304，终端外设依据上述音频信号的类型确定上述插头与音频模块进行信号传输所采用的传输通道，其中，上述传输通道包括第一传输通道和第二传输通道，上述第一传输通道为将通过上述USB插头接收的音频信号由USB格式转换为I2S格式的通道，上述第二传输通道为将通过上述USB插头接收的音频信号由低功耗芯片间串行媒体SLIM总线格式转换为I2S格式的通道。
步骤1306，终端外设依据确定的上述传输通道进行上述USB插头与上述音频模块之间的信号传输。
在一实施例中，在所述终端外设确定USB插头与音频模块进行信号传输所 采用的传输通道之前，还包括：所述终端外设向所述终端发送第一通知信息，其中，所述第一通知信息用于指示所述终端外设支持采用所述第二传输通道传输音频信号；所述终端外设接收所述终端的第二通知信息，其中，所述第二通知信息用于指示所述终端支持采用SLIM总线音频通道传输音频信号。
本实施例的实施方式可以参见实施例1至3中的相关描述，此处不再赘述。
本领域的技术人员应该明白，上述的本公开的至少一个模块或至少一个步骤可以用通用的计算装置来实现，它们可以集中在单个的计算装置上，或者分布在多个计算装置所组成的网络上。在一实施例中，它们可以用计算装置可执行的程序代码来实现，从而，可以将它们存储在存储装置中由计算装置来执行，并且在某些情况下，可以以不同于此处的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤，或者将它们分别制作成一个集成电路模块，或者将它们中的多个模块或步骤制作成单个集成电路模块来实现。这样，本公开不限制于任何特定的硬件和软件结合。
以上所述仅为本公开的实施例，并不用于限制本公开。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种终端外设，包括：通用串行总线USB插头、音频模块及设备控制模块；其中，
    所述设备控制模块，与所述USB插头以及所述音频模块连接，设置为控制所述USB插头与所述音频模块之间进行信号传输所采用的传输通道，其中，所述传输通道包括第一传输通道和第二传输通道，所述第一传输通道包括USB音频类UAC音频通道，所述第二传输通道包括低功耗芯片间串行媒体SLIM总线音频通道。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的终端外设，其中，所述UAC音频通道，用于将通过所述USB插头接收的音频信号由USB格式转换为集成电路IC间音频I2S格式；所述SLIM总线音频通道，用于将通过所述USB插头接收的音频信号由低功耗芯片间串行媒体SLIM总线格式转换为I2S格式。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的终端外设，还包括：第一转换桥模块，设置于所述第一传输通道上，设置为将从所述USB插头接收的音频信号由USB格式转换为I2S格式。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的终端外设，其中，所述第一转换桥模块内置于所述设备控制模块中。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的终端外设，还包括：第二转换桥模块，设置于所述第二传输通道上，设置为将从所述USB插头接收的音频信号由SLIMbus格式转换为I2S格式。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的终端外设，其中，所述第二转换桥模块包括集线器HUB。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的终端外设，其中，所述第二转换桥模块为可编程电路模块，设置为从所述设备控制模块中获取固件升级程序，其中，所述固件升级程序用于将所述第二转换桥模块由第一功能转换为第二功能，其中，所述第一功能为将音频信号由SLIMbus格式转换为I2S格式，所述第二功能为将从所述USB插头接收的音频信号由声线Soundwire总线格式转换为I2S格式。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的终端外设，其中，所述USB插头为USB C型Type-C插头。
  9. 一种音频信号的传输方法，包括：
    终端外设与终端连接后，所述终端外设确定通用串行总线USB插头与音频模块进行信号传输所采用的传输通道，其中，所述传输通道包括设置于所述USB插头和所述音频模块之间的第一传输通道和第二传输通道，所述第一传输通道包括USB音频类UAC音频通道，所述第二传输通道包括低功耗芯片间串行媒体SLIM总线音频通道；
    所述终端外设依据确定的所述传输通道进行所述USB插头与所述音频模块之间的信号传输。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，在所述终端外设确定USB插头与音频模块进行信号传输所采用的传输通道之前，还包括：
    所述终端外设向所述终端发送第一通知信息，其中，所述第一通知信息用于指示所述终端外设支持采用所述第二传输通道传输音频信号；
    所述终端外设接收所述终端的第二通知信息，其中，所述第二通知信息用于指示所述终端支持采用SLIM总线音频通道传输音频信号。
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