WO2019071413A1 - Pcb天线及终端 - Google Patents
Pcb天线及终端 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019071413A1 WO2019071413A1 PCT/CN2017/105479 CN2017105479W WO2019071413A1 WO 2019071413 A1 WO2019071413 A1 WO 2019071413A1 CN 2017105479 W CN2017105479 W CN 2017105479W WO 2019071413 A1 WO2019071413 A1 WO 2019071413A1
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- metal piece
- linear
- antenna
- strip
- rectangular
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
Definitions
- the present application relates to the field of electronic technologies, and in particular, to a PCB antenna and a terminal.
- GPS and WIFI are gradually popularized.
- the small built-in GPS-WIFI antenna is characterized by small size and easy integration with device circuits. Used in a variety of electronic devices.
- LDS low-density dielectric
- FPC flexible circuit board
- the LDS process utilizes laser-induced materials, injection molding, and selective metallization after laser activation to form a high-precision circuit interconnection structure.
- the process is mature and stable, the product performance is superior, and it is suitable for three-dimensional surfaces, but needs to be plated, Specific materials are required and the cost is high.
- FPC (flexible circuit board) antenna is a kind of flexible printed circuit board made of polyimide or polyester film. It can be bent freely, and can be arranged according to the space layout requirements, but there is lifting. Break, and cost issues.
- PCB antennas have always been valued by the industry for their low profile, low cost and high integration.
- PCB antennas currently used in product design can only achieve single-frequency or dual-frequency operation, which limits the large-scale application of PCB antennas. Therefore, solving the above deficiencies of PCB antennas becomes very meaningful and faces great challenges.
- the embodiment of the present application provides a PCB antenna with three antennas, which can obtain three resonant frequencies, and can be used to transmit electromagnetic wave signals of three different frequencies.
- an embodiment of the present application provides a PCB antenna, where the PCB antenna includes a first antenna, a second antenna, and a third antenna, where the first antenna includes a feeding portion and a first ground end, and the portion is connected to the a first radiating portion between the feeding portion and the first grounding end, the first radiating portion has a first resonant frequency; the second antenna includes a second radiating portion, and the second radiating portion is located at the first An antenna side connected to the feeding portion of the first antenna and the first ground end to further cooperate with the first radiating portion to obtain a second resonant frequency;
- Three antennas include the third a radiation portion and a second ground end, and located on the other side of the first radiation portion opposite to the second radiation portion, the third radiation portion and the first radiation portion have a first gap to Further cooperating with the first radiating portion to obtain a third resonant frequency; the first ground end and the second ground end of the PCB antenna are electrically connected to a ground line provided on a PCB board
- the embodiment of the present application can provide the first antenna frequency, the second resonance frequency, and the third resonance frequency by setting the first antenna, the second antenna, and the third antenna, so that the PCB antenna of the present application can be used to transmit electromagnetic wave signals of various frequencies. .
- the PCB antenna is disposed on a dielectric substrate, the dielectric substrate includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other, and the first antenna includes a first portion that is located on the first surface and sequentially connected a linear metal piece, a second linear metal piece, and a third linear metal piece, the first linear metal piece being perpendicular to the second linear metal piece and forming a T-shape, the first straight The linear metal piece is disposed at an end of the second linear metal piece from the one end, and the second linear metal piece is perpendicular to the third linear metal piece and forms a T shape, so that the third The linear metal piece is parallel to the first linear metal piece, and the portion of the second linear metal piece away from the first linear metal piece is the first radiation portion.
- the second antenna includes a fourth linear metal piece, the fourth linear metal piece is parallel to the second linear metal piece, and is located away from the feed of the second linear metal piece One end of the entrance portion, one end of the fourth linear metal piece is connected to the third linear metal piece, and forms an L-shape, and the fourth linear metal piece is the second radiation portion.
- the third antenna includes a fifth linear metal piece and a sixth linear metal piece, and the fifth linear metal piece is disposed in parallel with the second linear metal piece and located at the second straight line a side of the metal piece close to the feeding portion, the sixth straight metal piece is perpendicularly connected to the fifth straight metal piece, and forms an L shape, and the sixth straight type metal piece is away from the One end of the fifth linear metal piece is a second ground end, and the fifth straight type metal piece is a third radiating portion.
- a first rectangular metal piece is further connected to an end of the second linear metal piece of the first antenna away from the first linear metal piece; the second antenna
- the length of the four linear metal sheets is greater than the length of the second linear metal sheet, and the second linear metal sheet is further connected to the second rectangular metal sheet at one end thereof, and the second rectangular metal sheet is connected to the second rectangular metal sheet.
- a second rectangular metal piece is further connected with a stepped metal piece, the stepped metal piece is located on the second straight type metal piece and the Between the fourth linear metal sheets, the third linear metal sheet, the fourth linear metal sheet, the second rectangular metal sheet, and the stepped metal sheet form a loopback structure.
- the stepped metal piece includes a first strip of metal piece, a second strip of metal piece, and a third strip of metal piece sequentially connected, wherein the first strip of metal piece is a rectangular structure.
- the short side of the first strip of metal piece is connected to the second rectangular metal piece, and the long side of the first strip of metal piece is parallel to the second straight type metal piece, and the second strip of metal piece a rectangular structure and the short side is connected to the first strip-shaped metal piece, and the length of the short side of the second strip-shaped metal piece is smaller than the length of the short side of the first strip-shaped metal piece, the second The long side of the strip-shaped metal piece is parallel to the second straight-shaped metal piece, the third strip-shaped metal piece is a rectangular structure and the short side is connected to the second strip-shaped metal piece, and the third strip shape The length of the short side of the metal piece is smaller than the length of the short side of the second strip-shaped metal piece, and the long side of the third strip-shaped metal piece is parallel to the second straight-shaped metal piece
- the second linear metal piece is further provided with a fifth rectangular metal piece, and the fifth rectangular metal piece is located on the side of the second linear metal piece near the fourth linear metal piece.
- the fifth rectangular metal piece is used to fine-tune the parameters of the PCB antenna.
- the second surface of the dielectric substrate is provided with a third rectangular metal piece and a fourth rectangular metal piece, and the third rectangular metal piece is located on the second surface orthographic projection of the first rectangular metal piece. a position, the fourth rectangular metal piece is located at a position where the second rectangular metal piece is orthographically projected on the second surface, and the third rectangular metal piece is electrically connected to the first rectangular metal piece by the first conductive metal piece Connected, the fourth rectangular metal piece is electrically connected to the second rectangular metal piece through the second conductive metal.
- a first via and a second via are disposed on the dielectric substrate, the first conductive metal is disposed in the first via, and the second conductive metal is disposed in the first via Inside the two holes.
- the first gap has a size of 0.3 to 1 mm
- the second gap has a size greater than or equal to 1 mm.
- the PCB antenna is further provided with a current tuning structure for controlling parameters of the first resonant frequency, the second resonant frequency, and the third resonant frequency.
- the embodiment of the present application provides a terminal, where the terminal includes the PCB antenna according to the first aspect and the embodiments of the first aspect.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a PCB antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the back structure of a PCB antenna of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional structural view of a PCB antenna of FIG. 1 taken along the E-E direction.
- Figure 4 is a partially enlarged schematic view of the portion A in Figure 3.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a curve effect of a PCB antenna S11 according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a PCB antenna efficiency curve effect provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a GPS antenna map and surface current distribution of a PCB antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a WIFI 2.4G pattern of a PCB antenna and a surface current distribution according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a WIFI 5G pattern of a PCB antenna and a surface current distribution according to an embodiment of the present application.
- an embodiment of the present application provides a PCB antenna.
- the PCB antenna includes a first antenna 1 , a second antenna 2 , and a third antenna 3 .
- the first antenna 1 includes a feeding portion 102 and a first ground.
- the first radiating portion 105 has a first resonant frequency
- the second antenna 2 includes a first a second radiating portion 110, the second radiating portion 110 is located at a side of the first antenna 1, and the second antenna 2 is connected to the feeding portion 102 of the first antenna 1 and the first grounding end 108 To further cooperate with the first radiating portion 105 to obtain a second resonant frequency
- the third antenna 3 includes a third radiating portion 116 and a second grounding end 115, and is located at an opposite side of the first radiating portion 105
- the other side of the second radiating portion 110, the third radiating portion 116 and the first radiating portion 105 have a first gap 131 to further cooperate with the first radiating portion 105 to obtain a third resonance
- the first ground end 108 and the second ground end 115 of the PCB antenna are electrically connected to a ground line (not shown) provided on the PCB board
- the embodiment of the present application can provide the first antenna frequency, the second resonance frequency, and the third resonance frequency by setting the first antenna 1, the second antenna 2, and the third antenna 3, so that the PCB antenna of the present application can be used to transmit multiple frequencies. Electromagnetic wave signal.
- the first resonant frequency obtained by the first antenna 1 is 2.412 GHz to 2.472 GHz
- the second resonant frequency obtained by the second antenna 2 is 1575.42 MHz ⁇ 2 MHz
- the third resonant frequency obtained by the third antenna 3 is 5.725 GHz. ⁇ 5.825GHz
- the first antenna 1 can be used to transmit WIFI 2.4G signals
- the second antenna 2 can be used to transmit GPS signals
- the third antenna 3 can be used to transmit WIFI 5G signals
- the second antenna 2 is due to the first antenna 1
- the second antenna 2 can also be matched for transmitting other signals.
- the second antenna 2 can also be used to transmit the WIFI5G signal to enhance the signal transmission strength and stability of the WIFI.
- the feeding point 101 of the embodiment of the present application is disposed at one end of the feeding portion 102, and may have a rectangular shape.
- the PCB board 200 is correspondingly provided with an antenna control circuit, and the feeding point 101 is excited by the antenna control circuit to change the feeding point 101.
- the current is generated to generate an electric field on the PCB antenna to generate a magnetic field to form a radiated electromagnetic wave, and the signal to be transmitted by the terminal can be transmitted.
- the PCB antenna of the embodiment of the present application is also used to receive electromagnetic waves from the space.
- the third antenna 3 has no feed and utilizes the slot coupling effect of the first gap 131 between the third radiating portion 116 and the first radiating portion 105 to obtain a third resonant frequency.
- the first gap 131 has a size of 0.3 to 1 mm.
- the PCB antenna is further provided with a current tuning structure for controlling parameters of the first resonant frequency, the second resonant frequency, and the third resonant frequency.
- the parameter The number includes current, voltage, resistance, and inductance.
- the current tuning structure can be part of the antenna or can be set separately.
- the PCB antenna is disposed on a dielectric substrate 100.
- the dielectric substrate 100 includes a first surface 140 and a second surface 150 opposite to each other.
- the first antenna 1 includes a location a first linear metal sheet 104, a second linear metal sheet 105, and a third linear metal sheet 109, which are connected to the first surface 140, and the first linear metal sheet 104 and the second straight line
- the metal piece 105 is perpendicular to the T-shaped shape, and the first linear metal piece 104 is disposed away from the end of the second linear metal piece 105 with the feeding portion 102, and the second linear metal piece 105 is
- the third linear metal piece 109 is perpendicular and forms a T-shape such that the third linear metal piece 109 is parallel to the first linear metal piece 104, and the second linear metal piece 105 is away from the
- the portion of the first linear metal piece 104 is the first radiation portion 105;
- the second antenna 2 includes a fourth linear metal piece 110, the fourth linear metal piece 110 and
- the third antenna 3 includes a fifth linear metal piece 116 and a sixth linear metal piece 115.
- the fifth linear metal piece 116 is disposed in parallel with the second linear metal piece 105, and is located at a side of the second linear metal piece 105 adjacent to the feeding portion 102, the sixth linear metal piece 115 is perpendicularly connected to the fifth linear metal piece 116, and forms an L-shaped shape, the One end of the six linear metal piece 115 away from the fifth linear metal piece 116 is a second ground end, and the fifth linear metal piece 116 is a third radiating portion 116.
- a capacitor 103 may be disposed between the first linear metal piece 104 and the feeding portion 102 to adjust the impedance matching of the antenna.
- a first rectangular metal piece 106 is further connected to an end of the second linear metal piece 105 of the first antenna 1 away from the first linear metal piece 104;
- the length of the fourth linear metal piece 110 of the two antennas 2 is greater than the length of the second linear metal piece 105
- a second rectangular metal piece 111 is further connected to one end of the fourth linear metal piece 110 away from the third linear metal piece 109, and the second rectangular metal piece 111 is further connected with a stepped metal piece (Fig. 1 to 112/113/114), the stepped metal piece is located between the second linear metal piece 105 and the fourth linear metal piece 110, so that the third linear metal piece 109.
- the fourth linear metal piece 110, the second rectangular metal piece 111, and the stepped metal piece form a loopback structure.
- the current characteristics of a radiating portion 105 and the second radiating portion 110 are adjusted to reduce mutual interference between the first radiating portion 105 and the second radiating portion 110, while the first rectangular metal piece 106 and the second rectangular metal piece 111 are simultaneously It can also be used as a radiating surface to enhance signal strength and stability.
- a stepped metal piece is provided, and a stepped metal piece is disposed between the second radiating portion 110 and the first radiating portion 105, so that the step type The metal piece is coupled to the first linear metal piece 105 to reduce the influence of the second radiation portion 110 on the first radiation portion 105.
- Setting the loopback type second antenna 2 can reduce the space occupation and facilitate the design of the terminal.
- the stepped metal piece includes a first strip of metal piece 112, a second strip of metal piece 113, and a third strip of metal piece 114, which are sequentially connected, the first strip of metal piece 112 is a rectangular structure, and a short side of the first strip-shaped metal piece 112 is connected to the second rectangular metal piece 111, and a long side of the first strip-shaped metal piece 112 and the second straight-shaped metal piece 105 Parallel, the second strip-shaped metal piece 113 has a rectangular structure and the short side is connected to the first strip-shaped metal piece 112, and the length of the short side of the second strip-shaped metal piece 113 is smaller than the first strip The length of the short side of the metal piece 112, the long side of the second strip metal piece 113 is parallel to the second straight metal piece 105, and the third strip metal piece 114 has a rectangular structure and a short side The second strip-shaped metal piece 113 is connected, and the length of the short side of the third strip-shaped metal piece 113 is smaller than the
- the second gap 132 is used to generate a gap coupling effect such that the third strip-shaped metal piece 114 and the second straight
- the linear metal piece 105 is coupled such that the third strip-shaped metal piece 114 obtains a resonant frequency.
- the second gap 132 has a size greater than or equal to 1 mm.
- the second strip metal piece 113 and the third strip metal piece 114 are also used for current tuning to couple the second linear metal piece 105 to the resonant frequency of the third strip metal piece 114. Adjustment is made to match the resonant frequency provided by feed point 101 to obtain a second resonant frequency.
- the second linear metal piece 105 is further provided with a fifth rectangular metal piece 107, and the fifth rectangular metal piece 107 is located near the second linear metal piece 105.
- the fifth rectangular metal sheet 107 is used to finely adjust the parameters of the PCB antenna.
- the second surface 150 of the dielectric substrate 100 is provided with a third rectangular metal piece 118 and a fourth rectangular metal piece 119, and the third rectangular metal piece 118 is located at the first rectangular shape.
- the metal piece 106 is at a position where the second surface 150 is orthographically projected
- the fourth rectangular metal piece 119 is located at a position where the second rectangular metal piece 111 is orthographically projected on the second surface 150, the third rectangular metal
- the sheet 118 is electrically connected to the first rectangular metal piece 106 by a first conductive metal 121
- the fourth rectangular metal piece 119 is electrically connected to the second rectangular metal piece 111 by a second conductive metal 122.
- the third rectangular metal piece 118 and the fourth rectangular metal piece 119 are both used to expand the radiation area of the first antenna 1 and the second antenna 2, and at the same time, finely adjust the obtained resonance frequencies of the first antenna 1 and the second antenna 2 .
- a sixth rectangular metal piece 117 may be disposed on the third antenna 3, and the sixth rectangular metal piece 117 is connected to the third radiating portion 116.
- the radiation area of the PCB antenna is increased, and the occupied space is small.
- the first via hole 202 and the second via hole 203 are disposed on the dielectric substrate 100 , and the first conductive metal 121 is disposed in the first via hole 202 .
- the second conductive metal 122 is disposed in the second via 203.
- a metal material may be plated on the inner wall of the first via 202 instead of the first conductive metal 121.
- the dielectric substrate 100 of the embodiment of the present application is an FR4 dielectric plate, which has good electrical properties and is suitable for the carrier for manufacturing an antenna.
- the PCB board, the feed point, the first antenna 1, the second antenna 2, and the third antenna 3 are copper-clad structures.
- a cutout area 201 may be formed on the PCB for accommodating the feed point 101 and feeding And a portion of the first linear metal sheet 104 to further save space.
- the embodiment of the present application further provides a terminal, where the terminal includes the PCB antenna described in the embodiment of the present application.
- the terminal can be a mobile phone, a mobile assistant, an electronic game machine, and the like.
- FIG. 5 to FIG. 9 are diagrams of the S11 curve, the efficiency curve, the direction of each antenna, and the current surface distribution of the PCB antenna provided by the embodiments of the present application. It can be seen that the three antennas have small return loss and high efficiency.
- the PCB antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application can realize the transmission of electromagnetic waves of multiple frequencies.
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Abstract
本申请实施例提供了一种PCB天线，包括第一天线、第二天线和第三天线，所述第一天线包括馈入部和第一接地端以及部分连接在所述馈入部和所述第一接地端之间的第一辐射部，所述第一辐射部具有第一共振频率；所述第二天线包括第二辐射部，所述第二辐射部具有第二共振频率；所述第三天线包括第三辐射部和第二接地端，且位于所述第一辐射部之相对所述第二辐射部之另外一侧，所述第三辐射部与所述第一辐射部之间具有第一间隙，具有第三共振频率；通过设置第一天线、第二天线和第三天线并获得第一共振频率、第二共振频率和第三共振频率，使得本申请的PCB天线可以用于传输多种频率的电磁波信号。
Description
本申请涉及电子技术领域，具体涉及一种PCB天线及终端。
随着通讯技术的发展，手机尺寸趋于小型化，低成本化，功能却日趋丰富，GPS、WIFI等应用逐步普及，小型内置GPS-WIFI天线因尺寸小、便于与设备电路集成等特点，广泛应用于各种电子装置中。
目前，大部分GPS-WIFI天线采用LDS或FPC技术。LDS工艺是利用激光诱导材料，注塑成型，经激光活化后选择性金属化，形成高精度的电路互联结构，虽然具有工艺成熟稳定，产品性能优越，适用于三维表面等优点，但是需化镀、需特定材料，成本较高。FPC(柔性电路板)天线，是以聚酰亚胺或聚醋薄膜为基材制成的一种具有可挠性印刷电路板，可以自由弯曲，依照空间布局要求任意安排，但是存在起翘，断裂，以及成本问题。
一直以来，PCB天线因其具有低剖面、低成本、集成度高等优势受到业界的重视。目前应用于产品设计中的PCB天线，只能实现单频或者双频工作，限制了PCB天线的大规模应用。因此解决PCB天线的以上不足，变得非常有意义，也面临着很大挑战。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种PCB天线，具有三种天线，可获得三种共振频率，可用于传输三种不同频率的电磁波信号。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种PCB天线，所述PCB天线包括第一天线、第二天线和第三天线，所述第一天线包括馈入部和第一接地端以及部分连接在所述馈入部和所述第一接地端之间的第一辐射部，所述第一辐射部具有第一共振频率；所述第二天线包括第二辐射部，所述第二辐射部位于所述第一天线一侧，所述第二天线连接至所述第一天线的所述馈入部和所述第一接地端，以进一步与所述第一辐射部配合而获得第二共振频率；所述第三天线包括第三
辐射部和第二接地端，且位于所述第一辐射部之相对所述第二辐射部之另外一侧，所述第三辐射部与所述第一辐射部之间具有第一间隙，以进一步与所述第一辐射部配合而获得第三共振频率；所述PCB天线的所述第一接地端和所述第二接地端电连接至设于PCB板上的地线。
本申请实施例通过设置第一天线、第二天线和第三天线并获得第一共振频率、第二共振频率和第三共振频率，使得本申请的PCB天线可以用于传输多种频率的电磁波信号。
一种实施方式中，所述PCB天线设于介质基板上，所述介质基板包括相背的第一表面和第二表面，所述第一天线包括位于所述第一表面且依次连接的第一直线型金属片、第二直线型金属片和第三直线型金属片，所述第一直线型金属片与所述第二直线型金属片垂直并形成T型形状，所述第一直线型金属片远离所述第二直线型金属片一端设有所述馈入部，所述第二直线型金属片与所述第三直线型金属片垂直并形成T型形状，使得所述第三直线型金属片与所述第一直线型金属片平行，所述第二直线型金属片远离所述第一直线型金属片的部分为所述第一辐射部。
进一步的，所述第二天线包括第四直线型金属片，所述第四直线型金属片与所述第二直线型金属片平行，并位于所述第二直线型金属片之远离所述馈入部的一侧，所述第四直线型金属片一端与所述第三直线型金属片连接，并形成L型形状，所述第四直线型金属片为所述第二辐射部。
进一步的，所述第三天线包括第五直线型金属片和第六直线型金属片，所述第五直线型金属片与所述第二直线型金属片平行设置，并位于所述第二直线型金属片之靠近所述馈入部的一侧，所述第六直线型金属片与所述第五直线型金属片垂直连接，并形成L形形状，所述第六直线型金属片之远离所述第五直线型金属片一端为第二接地端，所述第五直线型金属片为第三辐射部。
一种实施方式中，所述第一天线的所述第二直线型金属片之远离所述第一直线型金属片一端还连接有第一矩形金属片；所述第二天线的所述第四直线型金属片的长度大于所述第二直线型金属片的长度，所述第四直线型金属片之远离所述第三直线型金属片一端还连接有第二矩形金属片，所述第二矩形金属片还连接有阶梯型金属片，所述阶梯型金属片位于所述第二直线型金属片和所述
第四直线型金属片之间，以使所述第三直线型金属片、所述第四直线型金属片、所述第二矩形金属片和所述阶梯型金属片形成回环结构。
一种实施方式中，所述阶梯型金属片包括依次连接的第一条形金属片、第二条形金属片和第三条形金属片，所述第一条形金属片为矩形结构，所述第一条形金属片的短边与所述第二矩形金属片连接，所述第一条形金属片的长边与所述第二直线型金属片平行，所述第二条形金属片为矩形结构且短边与所述第一条形金属片连接，并且所述第二条形金属片的短边的长度小于所述第一条形金属片的短边的长度，所述第二条形金属片的长边与所述第二直线型金属片平行，所述第三条形金属片为矩形结构且短边与所述第二条形金属片连接，并且所述第三条形金属片的短边的长度小于所述第二条形金属片的短边的长度，所述第三条形金属片的长边与所述第二直线型金属片平行，所述第三条形金属片的长度明显大于所述第一条形金属片和所述第二条形金属片的长度，所述第三条形金属片与所述第二直线型金属片之间具有第二间隙。
一种实施方式中，所述第二直线型金属片上还设有第五矩形金属片，所述第五矩形金属片位于所述第二直线型金属片靠近所述第四直线型金属片一侧，所述第五矩形金属片用于对所述PCB天线的参数进行微调。
一种实施方式中，所述介质基板第二表面设有第三矩形金属片和第四矩形金属片，所述第三矩形金属片位于所述第一矩形金属片在所述第二表面正投影的位置，所述第四矩形金属片位于所述第二矩形金属片在所述第二表面正投影的位置，所述第三矩形金属片通过第一导电金属与所述第一矩形金属片电连接，所述第四矩形金属片通过第二导电金属与所述第二矩形金属片电连接。
一种实施方式中，所述介质基板上开设有第一过孔和第二过孔，所述第一导电金属设于所述第一过孔内，所述第二导电金属设于所述第二过孔内。
一种实施方式中，所述第一间隙的尺寸为0.3～1mm，所述第二间隙的尺寸大于或等于1mm。
一种实施方式中，所述PCB天线上还设有电流调谐结构，用于控制所述第一共振频率、所述第二共振频率和所述第三共振频率的参数。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种终端，所述终端包括如第一方面及第一方面的各种实施方式所述的权利要求所述的PCB天线。
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种PCB天线的正面结构示意图。
图2是图1的一种PCB天线的背面结构示意图。
图3是图1的一种PCB天线沿E-E方向的剖面结构示意图。
图4是图3中A处的局部放大结构示意图。
图5是本申请实施例提供的一种PCB天线S11曲线效果示意图。
图6是本申请实施例提供的一种PCB天线效率曲线效果示意图。
图7是本申请实施例提供的一种PCB天线GPS方向图以及表面电流分布示意图。
图8是本申请实施例提供的一种PCB天线WIFI 2.4G方向图以及表面电流分布示意图。
图9是本申请实施例提供的一种PCB天线WIFI 5G方向图以及表面电流分布示意图。
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
请参考图1，本申请实施例提供了一种PCB天线，所述PCB天线包括第一天线1、第二天线2和第三天线3，所述第一天线1包括馈入部102和第一接地端108以及部分连接在所述馈入部102和所述第一接地端108之间的第一辐射部105，所述第一辐射部105具有第一共振频率；所述第二天线2包括第
二辐射部110，所述第二辐射部110位于所述第一天线1一侧，所述第二天线2连接至所述第一天线1的所述馈入部102和所述第一接地端108，以进一步与所述第一辐射部105配合而获得第二共振频率；所述第三天线3包括第三辐射部116和第二接地端115，且位于所述第一辐射部105之相对所述第二辐射部110之另外一侧，所述第三辐射部116与所述第一辐射部105之间具有第一间隙131，以进一步与所述第一辐射部105配合而获得第三共振频率；所述PCB天线的所述第一接地端108和所述第二接地端115电连接至设于PCB板200上的地线(未图示)，所述馈入部102端部设有馈点101，所述馈点101与所述PCB板上的天线控制电路(未图示)电连接。
本申请实施例通过设置第一天线1、第二天线2和第三天线3并获得第一共振频率、第二共振频率和第三共振频率，使得本申请的PCB天线可以用于传输多种频率的电磁波信号。
具体而言，第一天线1获得的第一共振频率为2.412GHz～2.472GHz，第二天线2获得的第二共振频率为1575.42MHz±2MHz，第三天线3获得的第三共振频率为5.725GHz～5.825GHz，使得第一天线1可用于传输WIFI 2.4G信号，第二天线2可用于传输GPS信号，第三天线3可用于传输WIFI 5G信号，当然，第二天线2由于与第一天线1具有同一馈入部和接地端，因此，第二天线2还可经过匹配以用于传输其他信号，例如，第二天线2还可用于传输WIFI5G信号，以增强WIFI的信号传输强度和稳定性。
本申请实施例的馈点101设于馈入部102的一端，其形状可以为矩形，PCB板200上对应设有天线控制电路，通过天线控制电路对馈点101进行激荡，使馈点101产生变化的电流，从而在PCB天线上产生电场，进而产生磁场，以形成辐射的电磁波，可将终端需要发送的信号发送出去，当然，本申请实施例的PCB天线也用于接收来自空间的电磁波。
第三天线3无馈源，利用第三辐射部116与第一辐射部105之间的第一间隙131的缝隙耦合效应以获得第三共振频率。具体的，所述第一间隙131的尺寸为0.3～1mm。
本申请实施例中，所述PCB天线上还设有电流调谐结构，用于控制所述第一共振频率、所述第二共振频率和所述第三共振频率的参数，具体的，该参
数包括电流、电压、电阻和电感等，电流调谐结构可为天线的一部分，也可单独设置。
进一步的，请参考图1至图3，所述PCB天线设于介质基板100上，所述介质基板100包括相背的第一表面140和第二表面150，所述第一天线1包括位于所述第一表面140且依次连接的第一直线型金属片104、第二直线型金属片105和第三直线型金属片109，所述第一直线型金属片104与所述第二直线型金属片105垂直并形成T型形状，所述第一直线型金属片104远离所述第二直线型金属片105一端设有所述馈入部102，所述第二直线型金属片105与所述第三直线型金属片109垂直并形成T型形状，使得所述第三直线型金属片109与所述第一直线型金属片104平行，所述第二直线型金属片105远离所述第一直线型金属片104的部分为所述第一辐射部105；所述第二天线2包括第四直线型金属片110，所述第四直线型金属片110与所述第二直线型金属片105平行，并位于所述第二直线型金属片105之远离所述馈入部102的一侧，所述第四直线型金属片110一端与所述第三直线型金属片109连接，并形成L型形状，所述第四直线型金属片110为所述第二辐射部110；所述第三天线3包括第五直线型金属片116和第六直线型金属片115，所述第五直线型金属片116与所述第二直线型金属片105平行设置，并位于所述第二直线型金属片105之靠近所述馈入部102的一侧，所述第六直线型金属片115与所述第五直线型金属片116垂直连接，并形成L形形状，所述第六直线型金属片115之远离所述第五直线型金属片116一端为第二接地端，所述第五直线型金属片116为第三辐射部116。
应当理解，由于加工工艺等原因，上述垂直、平行的特征描述是相对的，应是包括一个范围，例如，垂直的描述是指近似垂直，而不是指两者之间夹角必须精确为90°，在90°左右偏移一定角度(例如±5°)也为本申请的垂直的特征；平行的特征与此类似，不再赘述。本申请实施例中，还可以设一电容103于第一直线型金属片104和馈入部102之间，以调节天线的阻抗匹配。
进一步的，请参考图1，所述第一天线1的所述第二直线型金属片105之远离所述第一直线型金属片104一端还连接有第一矩形金属片106；所述第二天线2的所述第四直线型金属片110的长度大于所述第二直线型金属片105的
长度，所述第四直线型金属片110之远离所述第三直线型金属片109一端还连接有第二矩形金属片111，所述第二矩形金属片111还连接有阶梯型金属片(图1中112/113/114所示)，所述阶梯型金属片位于所述第二直线型金属片105和所述第四直线型金属片110之间，以使所述第三直线型金属片109、所述第四直线型金属片110、所述第二矩形金属片111和所述阶梯型金属片形成回环结构。
由于第二辐射部110和第一辐射部105内流动的电流方向相反，会产生谐振，不利于天线的发射和接收信号，通过设置第一矩形金属片106和第二矩形金属片111以对第一辐射部105和第二辐射部110的电流特性进行调节，以减少第一辐射部105和第二辐射部110之间的相互干扰，同时，第一矩形金属片106和第二矩形金属片111也可作为辐射面，可增强信号强度和稳定性。为进一步减少第二辐射部110和第一辐射部105之间的干扰，设置阶梯型金属片，并将阶梯型金属片设于第二辐射部110和第一辐射部105之间，使得阶梯型金属片与第一直线型金属片105耦合，以减少第二辐射部110对第一辐射部105的影响。设置回环型的第二天线2可以减少空间占用，利于终端的设计。
进一步的，请参考图1，所述阶梯型金属片包括依次连接的第一条形金属片112、第二条形金属片113和第三条形金属片114，所述第一条形金属片112为矩形结构，所述第一条形金属片112的短边与所述第二矩形金属片111连接，所述第一条形金属片112的长边与所述第二直线型金属片105平行，所述第二条形金属片113为矩形结构且短边与所述第一条形金属片112连接，并且所述第二条形金属片113的短边的长度小于所述第一条形金属片112的短边的长度，所述第二条形金属片113的长边与所述第二直线型金属片105平行，所述第三条形金属片114为矩形结构且短边与所述第二条形金属片113连接，并且所述第三条形金属片113的短边的长度小于所述第二条形金属片113的短边的长度，所述第三条形金属片114的长边与所述第二直线型金属片105平行，所述第三条形金属片114的长度明显大于所述第一条形金属片112和所述第二条形金属片113的长度，所述第三条形金属片114与所述第二直线型金属片105之间具有第二间隙132。
第二间隙132用于产生缝隙耦合效应，使得第三条形金属片114与第二直
线形金属片105产生耦合，使得第三条形金属片114获得共振频率，具体的，所述第二间隙132的尺寸大于或等于1mm。
进一步的，请参考图1，第二条形金属片113和第三条形金属片114还用于电流调谐，以对第二直线型金属片105耦合至第三条形金属片114的共振频率进行调节，以与馈点101所提供的共振频率匹配从而得到第二共振频率。
进一步的，请参考图1，所述第二直线型金属片105上还设有第五矩形金属片107，所述第五矩形金属片107位于所述第二直线型金属片105靠近所述第四直线型金属片110一侧，所述第五矩形金属片107用于对所述PCB天线的参数进行微调。
进一步的，请参考图1至图3，所述介质基板100第二表面150设有第三矩形金属片118和第四矩形金属片119，所述第三矩形金属片118位于所述第一矩形金属片106在所述第二表面150正投影的位置，所述第四矩形金属片119位于所述第二矩形金属片111在所述第二表面150正投影的位置，所述第三矩形金属片118通过第一导电金属121与所述第一矩形金属片106电连接，所述第四矩形金属片119通过第二导电金属122与所述第二矩形金属片111电连接。
第三矩形金属片118和第四矩形金属片119均用于扩展第一天线1和第二天线2的辐射面积，同时，也对第一天线1和第二天线2的获得的共振频率进行微调。类似的，第三天线3上也可设第六矩形金属片117，第六矩形金属片117与第三辐射部116连接。
通过将辐射面设置于介质基板第一表面140和第二表面150，并通过导电金属电连接，增大了PCB天线辐射面积，占用空间小。
进一步的，请参考图1至图4，所述介质基板100上开设有第一过孔202和第二过孔203，所述第一导电金属121设于所述第一过孔202内，所述第二导电金属122设于所述第二过孔203内。
可选的，可在第一过孔202内壁上镀制金属材料以代替第一导电金属121。
本申请实施例的介质基板100为FR4介质板，具有良好的电气性能，适用于制作天线的载体。PCB板、馈点、第一天线1、第二天线2和第三天线3为覆铜结构。PCB板上可开设镂空区域201以用于容纳馈电点101以及馈入
部和部分第一直线型金属片104，以进一步节约占用空间。
本申请实施例还提供一种终端，所述终端包括本申请实施例中所述的PCB天线。该终端可以为手机、移动助理和电子游戏机等。
请参考图5至图9，是本申请实施例提供的PCB天线的S11曲线、效率曲线及各个天线的方向图及电流表面分布图，可以看到，三种天线的回波损耗小、效率高，且方向均匀，电流表面分布合理，使得本申请实施例提供的PCB天线能够实现多频率的电磁波信号的传输。
以上对本申请实施例所提供的一种PCB天线及一种移动终端进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本申请的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本申请的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本申请的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本申请的限制。
Claims (10)
- 一种PCB天线，其特征在于，所述PCB天线包括第一天线、第二天线和第三天线，所述第一天线包括馈入部和第一接地端以及部分连接在所述馈入部和所述第一接地端之间的第一辐射部，所述第一辐射部具有第一共振频率；所述第二天线包括第二辐射部，所述第二辐射部位于所述第一天线一侧，所述第二天线连接至所述第一天线的所述馈入部和所述第一接地端，以进一步与所述第一辐射部配合而获得第二共振频率；所述第三天线包括第三辐射部和第二接地端，且位于所述第一辐射部之相对所述第二辐射部之另外一侧，所述第三辐射部与所述第一辐射部之间具有第一间隙，以进一步与所述第一辐射部配合而获得第三共振频率；所述PCB天线的所述第一接地端和所述第二接地端电连接至设于PCB板上的地线。
- 如权利要求1所述的PCB天线，其特征在于，所述PCB天线设于介质基板上，所述介质基板包括相背的第一表面和第二表面，所述第一天线包括位于所述第一表面且依次连接的第一直线型金属片、第二直线型金属片和第三直线型金属片，所述第一直线型金属片与所述第二直线型金属片垂直并形成T型形状，所述第一直线型金属片远离所述第二直线型金属片一端设有所述馈入部，所述第二直线型金属片与所述第三直线型金属片垂直并形成T型形状，使得所述第三直线型金属片与所述第一直线型金属片平行，所述第二直线型金属片远离所述第一直线型金属片的部分为所述第一辐射部。
- 如权利要求2所述的PCB天线，其特征在于，所述第二天线包括第四直线型金属片，所述第四直线型金属片与所述第二直线型金属片平行，并位于所述第二直线型金属片之远离所述馈入部的一侧，所述第四直线型金属片一端与所述第三直线型金属片连接，并形成L型形状，所述第四直线型金属片为所述第二辐射部。
- 如权利要求3所述的PCB天线，其特征在于，所述第三天线包括第五直线型金属片和第六直线型金属片，所述第五直线型金属片与所述第二直线型金属片平行设置，并位于所述第二直线型金属片之靠近所述馈入部的一侧，所述第六直线型金属片与所述第五直线型金属片垂直连接，并形成L形形状，所 述第六直线型金属片之远离所述第五直线型金属片一端为第二接地端，所述第五直线型金属片为第三辐射部。
- 如权利要求4所述PCB天线，其特征在于，所述第一天线的所述第二直线型金属片之远离所述第一直线型金属片一端还连接有第一矩形金属片；所述第二天线的所述第四直线型金属片的长度大于所述第二直线型金属片的长度，所述第四直线型金属片之远离所述第三直线型金属片一端还连接有第二矩形金属片，所述第二矩形金属片还连接有阶梯型金属片，所述阶梯型金属片位于所述第二直线型金属片和所述第四直线型金属片之间，以使所述第三直线型金属片、所述第四直线型金属片、所述第二矩形金属片和所述阶梯型金属片形成回环结构。
- 如权利要求5所述的PCB天线，其特征在于，所述阶梯型金属片包括依次连接的第一条形金属片、第二条形金属片和第三条形金属片，所述第一条形金属片为矩形结构，所述第一条形金属片的短边与所述第二矩形金属片连接，所述第一条形金属片的长边与所述第二直线型金属片平行，所述第二条形金属片为矩形结构且短边与所述第一条形金属片连接，并且所述第二条形金属片的短边的长度小于所述第一条形金属片的短边的长度，所述第二条形金属片的长边与所述第二直线型金属片平行，所述第三条形金属片为矩形结构且短边与所述第二条形金属片连接，并且所述第三条形金属片的短边的长度小于所述第二条形金属片的短边的长度，所述第三条形金属片的长边与所述第二直线型金属片平行，所述第三条形金属片的长度明显大于所述第一条形金属片和所述第二条形金属片的长度，所述第三条形金属片与所述第二直线型金属片之间具有第二间隙。
- 如权利要求5所述的PCB天线，其特征在于，所述第二直线型金属片上还设有第五矩形金属片，所述第五矩形金属片位于所述第二直线型金属片靠近所述第四直线型金属片一侧，所述第五矩形金属片用于对所述PCB天线的参数进行微调。
- 如权利要求5所述的PCB天线，其特征在于，所述介质基板第二表面设有第三矩形金属片和第四矩形金属片，所述第三矩形金属片位于所述第一矩形金属片在所述第二表面正投影的位置，所述第四矩形金属片位于所述第二矩 形金属片在所述第二表面正投影的位置，所述第三矩形金属片通过第一导电金属与所述第一矩形金属片电连接，所述第四矩形金属片通过第二导电金属与所述第二矩形金属片电连接。
- 如权利要求8所述的PCB天线，其特征在于，所述介质基板上开设有第一过孔和第二过孔，所述第一导电金属设于所述第一过孔内，所述第二导电金属设于所述第二过孔内。
- 一种终端，其特征在于，所述终端包括如权利要求1至9任一所述的权利要求所述的PCB天线。
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| PCT/CN2017/105479 WO2019071413A1 (zh) | 2017-10-10 | 2017-10-10 | Pcb天线及终端 |
| CN201780095809.9A CN111201666A (zh) | 2017-10-10 | 2017-10-10 | Pcb天线及终端 |
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