WO2019062950A1 - 光模块及信号处理方法 - Google Patents

光模块及信号处理方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019062950A1
WO2019062950A1 PCT/CN2018/108765 CN2018108765W WO2019062950A1 WO 2019062950 A1 WO2019062950 A1 WO 2019062950A1 CN 2018108765 W CN2018108765 W CN 2018108765W WO 2019062950 A1 WO2019062950 A1 WO 2019062950A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
optical module
rate
modulation
format
optical
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PCT/CN2018/108765
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
涂芝娟
杨波
黄新刚
张俊文
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2019062950A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019062950A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/40—Transceivers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/27—Arrangements for networking
    • H04B10/272—Star-type networks or tree-type networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
    • H04B10/5161—Combination of different modulation schemes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0002—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission rate
    • H04L1/0003—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission rate by switching between different modulation schemes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/0008—Modulated-carrier systems arrangements for allowing a transmitter or receiver to use more than one type of modulation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular to an optical module and a signal processing method.
  • PON Passive Optical Network
  • OLT Optical Line Terminal
  • ODN Optical Distribution Network
  • ONU Optical Network Unit
  • the biggest advantage of PON as optical access technology is “passive”.
  • the ODN does not contain any active equipment.
  • the initial investment is small, the cost is low, and it is easy to maintain.
  • it also features multi-service, high-bandwidth, long-distance access, scalability, and good quality of service (QoS for short).
  • QoS quality of service
  • the transmission rate of PON has evolved from the original 1 Gb/s (Ethernet Passive Optical Network (EPON), Gigabit Passive Optical Network (GPON)).
  • 10Gb/s (10G EPON, XG PON), 40Gb/s (based on time division and wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network TWDM-PON), and gradually evolve to 100Gb/s.
  • the user's access bandwidth and system may need to be dynamically adjusted in time to meet the large-capacity bandwidth requirements.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides an optical module and a signal processing method, so as to at least solve the problem that the optical module in the related art is difficult to meet the application requirements of a plurality of different rate PON systems.
  • an optical module comprising: a rate determining unit configured to determine a total rate of an electrical signal input or outputting an optical module; a modulation format selecting unit configured to be input according to the optical module a total format of the electrical signal, and a correspondence between the preset total electrical signal rate and the modulation format, determining a modulation format corresponding to the total rate of the electrical signals input to the optical module; or, according to the output of the optical module a total rate of the electrical signal, and a correspondence between the preset total electrical signal rate and the demodulation format, determining a demodulation format corresponding to the total rate of the electrical signals outputting the optical module; the modem unit is set to The electrical signal input to the optical module is modulated with a determined modulation format; or the electrical signal after photoelectric conversion is demodulated using the determined demodulation format.
  • a signal processing method comprising: determining a total rate of electrical signals input or outputting an optical module; a total rate according to an electrical signal input to the optical module, and a preset Corresponding relationship between the total rate of the electrical signal and the modulation format, determining a modulation format corresponding to the total rate of the electrical signals input to the optical module; or, according to the total rate of the electrical signals outputting the optical module, and pre-set a corresponding relationship between the total rate of the electrical signal and the demodulation format, determining a demodulation format corresponding to the total rate of the electrical signals outputting the optical module; and modulating the electrical signal input to the optical module by using the determined modulation format; Alternatively, the photoelectrically converted electrical signal is demodulated using the determined demodulation format.
  • a storage medium having stored therein a computer program, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the steps of any one of the method embodiments described above.
  • an electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, the processor being arranged to run the computer program to perform any of the above The steps in the method embodiments.
  • the electrical signal for different rates can be configured with a corresponding modulation or demodulation format. Therefore, the purpose of configuring a modulation or demodulation format for a plurality of rate signals can be achieved, and the problem that the optical module in the related art is difficult to meet the application requirements of the PON system with different rates can be solved, thereby reducing the construction and maintenance cost of the system and improving the system. The effect of the system's quality of service guarantee.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a signal processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the structure of an optical module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a main workflow of a rate adaptive optical module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a correspondence relationship between an input data rate and a adopted modulation format according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a rate adaptive optical module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a corresponding optical module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a first schematic diagram of a modulation/demodulation unit chip according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a second schematic diagram of a modulation/demodulation unit chip according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a corresponding optical module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a three-corresponding optical module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a working mode corresponding to a light transmitting direction according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a working mode corresponding to a light receiving direction according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing the composition of four corresponding optical modules according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of four corresponding driving signal generation and recovery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 15 is a schematic diagram showing the main components of an IQ-modulated light-emitting component according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a block diagram showing the main components of a coherent light receiving assembly according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a signal processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the flow includes the following steps. :
  • Step S102 determining a total rate of electrical signals input or outputting the optical module
  • Step S104 determining a modulation format corresponding to an overall rate of an electrical signal input to the optical module according to a total rate of the electrical signals of the input optical module, and a correspondence between a preset total electrical signal rate and a modulation format; or Determining a demodulation format corresponding to an overall rate of electrical signals of the output optical module according to a total rate of electrical signals of the output optical module and a correspondence between a preset total electrical signal rate and a demodulation format;
  • Step S106 modulating the electrical signal of the input optical module by using the determined modulation format; or demodulating the electrical signal after photoelectric conversion by using the determined demodulation format.
  • the above operation may be an optical module.
  • the electrical format corresponding to the input optical module corresponds to the modulation format, and the electrical signal input to the optical module is modulated.
  • the electrical signal for different rates can be configured with a corresponding modulation or demodulation format, thereby realizing
  • the purpose of configuring a modulation or demodulation format for a plurality of rate signals can solve the problem that the optical module in the related art is difficult to meet the application requirements of a plurality of different rate PON systems, thereby reducing system construction and maintenance costs and improving system services. Quality assurance effect.
  • the method before determining the modulation format corresponding to the total rate of the electrical signals input to the optical module, the method further includes: determining an overall rate of the electrical signals according to a symbol rate supported by the optical components in the optical module. Corresponding relationship between the modulation formats; or, before determining the demodulation format corresponding to the total rate of the electrical signals of the output optical module, the method further includes: determining the total rate of the electrical signals according to the symbol rate supported by the optical components in the optical module Correspondence with the demodulation format.
  • the bandwidth of the optical transceiver component of the optical module and the bandwidth of the receiving component and the symbol rate that each component can support can be known, so that the total rate of the electrical signal can be established and the modulation or demodulation format employed. Correspondence.
  • the total rate of the electrical signals input to the optical module is the total rate of the one channel; when the electrical signal input to the optical module is more than two paths, The total rate of electrical signals input to the optical module is determined by the number of electrical signals input to the optical module, the rate of each electrical signal, and the modulation format.
  • the electrical signals input to the optical module may be one way or multiple paths, and the total rate of the electrical signals may be determined according to different determination rules under different ways.
  • the modulation format corresponding to the total rate of the electrical signals input to the optical module includes: determining and inputting light according to the number of optical components.
  • the modulation format corresponding to the total rate of the electrical signals of the module, or determining the demodulation format corresponding to the total rate of the electrical signals of the output optical module includes: determining, according to the number of optical components, corresponding to the total rate of the electrical signals of the output optical module a demodulation format; wherein the determined number of modulation or demodulation formats is two or more and less than or equal to the number of optical components.
  • multiple electrical signals can be received or transmitted, and the format of the electrical signals to be modulated or demodulated may also be multiple.
  • the modulation formats determined therein may be the same modulation format, or may be different modulation formats, or may be partially the same or partially different.
  • modulating the electrical signal of the input optical module by using the determined modulation format comprises: modulating the electrical signal of the input optical module in parallel by using the determined two or more modulation formats; or
  • the demodulation format demodulating the electrical signal after photoelectric conversion includes demodulating the photoelectrically converted electrical signal in parallel using the determined two or more demodulation formats.
  • the modulation format is an amplitude-based modulation format, or an amplitude- and phase-based modulation format (also referred to as an amplitude-phase-based modulation format); the above-described demodulation format is an amplitude-based solution Format, or amplitude and phase based demodulation format (also known as amplitude and phase based demodulation format).
  • the optical component in the optical module is an optical component based on intensity modulation and direct detection; when the modulation is based on amplitude and phase, the optical component in the optical module It is an optical component based on IQ modulation and coherent reception.
  • the optical component is comprised of a light emitting component and a light receiving component.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a rate adaptive optical module, which can flexibly adjust a modulation and demodulation format of a signal according to different input signal rates, thereby implementing light.
  • the module can adapt to a variety of data rates, meet the requirements of multiple different rate PON systems, maximize the utilization of the developed optical modules, achieve better resource allocation, reduce system construction and maintenance costs, and improve system service quality assurance.
  • an optical module is provided, and the optical module can implement the method embodiment and the preferred implementation manner in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the term "unit" may implement a combination of software and/or hardware of a predetermined function.
  • the apparatus described in the following embodiments may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.
  • the optical module includes:
  • the rate determining unit 22 is configured to determine the total rate of the electrical signals input or outputted to the optical module;
  • the modulation format selecting unit 24 is coupled to the rate determining unit 22, configured to be based on the total rate of the electrical signals of the input optical module, and pre-set Corresponding relationship between the total rate of the electrical signal and the modulation format, determining a modulation grid corresponding to the total rate of the electrical signals input to the optical module; or, based on the total rate of the electrical signals of the output optical module, and the total set of electrical signals Determining a relationship between the rate and the demodulation format, determining a demodulation format corresponding to the total rate of the electrical signals output by the optical module; the modem unit 26, coupled to the modulation format selection unit 24, configured to utilize the determined modulation format Modulating the electrical signal input to the optical module; or demodulating the electrical signal after photoelectric conversion using the determined demodulation format.
  • the electrical format corresponding to the input optical module corresponds to the modulation format, and the electrical signal input to the optical module is modulated.
  • the electrical signal for different rates can be configured with a corresponding modulation or demodulation format, thereby realizing
  • the purpose of configuring a modulation or demodulation format for a plurality of rate signals can solve the problem that the optical module in the related art is difficult to meet the application requirements of a plurality of different rate PON systems, thereby reducing system construction and maintenance costs and improving system services. Quality assurance effect.
  • the modulation format selecting unit 24 is further configured to: determine the power according to the symbol rate supported by the optical component in the optical module before determining the modulation format corresponding to the total rate of the electrical signals input to the optical module. Corresponding relationship between the total signal rate and the modulation format; or, before determining the demodulation format corresponding to the total rate of the electrical signals of the output optical module, determining the total rate of the electrical signal according to the symbol rate supported by the optical component in the optical module The correspondence between the demodulation formats.
  • the bandwidth of the optical transceiver component of the optical module and the bandwidth of the receiving component and the symbol rate that each component can support can be known, so that the total rate of the electrical signal can be established and the modulation or demodulation format employed. Correspondence.
  • the total rate of the electrical signals input to the optical module is the total rate of the one channel; when the electrical signal input to the optical module is more than two channels, the input The total rate of electrical signals of the optical module is determined by the number of electrical signals input to the optical module, the rate of each electrical signal, and the modulation format.
  • the electrical signals input to the optical module may be one way or multiple paths, and the total rate of the electrical signals may be determined according to different determination rules under different ways.
  • the modulation format selecting unit 24 is configured to determine a modulation corresponding to the total rate of the electrical signals of the input optical module according to the number of optical components when the optical components in the optical module are more than two.
  • the format further determines a demodulation format corresponding to a total rate of electrical signals of the output optical module, wherein the determined number of modulation or demodulation formats is two or more and less than or equal to the number of optical components.
  • the modulation formats determined therein may be the same modulation format, or may be different modulation formats, or may be partially the same or partially different.
  • the modulation and demodulation unit 26 is configured to: modulate the electrical signals of the input optical module in parallel by using the determined two or more modulation formats; or use the determined two or more demodulation formats.
  • the electrical signals after photoelectric conversion are demodulated in parallel.
  • the optical module further includes: a control unit, configured to configure, for the rate determining unit, the electrical interface side to be several signals, a rate of each signal, and modulation format information.
  • the information configured by the control unit for the rate determining unit may be used by the rate determining unit to determine the total rate of the electrical signal, that is, the rate determining unit may utilize the number of signal paths on the electrical interface side configured by the control unit, each path The rate of the signal and the modulation format information determine the overall rate of the electrical signal.
  • the modulation format is an amplitude-based modulation format, or an amplitude- and phase-based modulation format (also referred to as an amplitude-phase-based modulation format); the above-described demodulation format is an amplitude-based solution Format, or amplitude and phase based demodulation format (also known as amplitude and phase based demodulation format).
  • the optical component in the optical module is an optical component based on intensity modulation and direct detection; when the modulation is based on amplitude and phase, the optical component in the optical module It is an optical component based on IQ modulation and coherent reception.
  • the optical component is comprised of a light emitting component and a light receiving component.
  • the method according to the above embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, by hardware, but in many cases, the former is A better implementation.
  • the technical solution of the present invention which is essential or contributes to the prior art, may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium (such as ROM/RAM, disk,
  • the optical disc includes a number of instructions for causing a terminal device (which may be a cell phone, a computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.
  • the main working process of the rate adaptive optical module in the embodiment of the present invention is as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the method includes the following steps: S302, according to the total rate of the electrical signals input or outputted by the optical module.
  • Rate, and optical components including the above-described light-emitting components and/or light-receiving components, wherein the number of light-emitting components may be one or more, and the number of light-receiving components may also be one or more
  • Symbol rate establish a correspondence.
  • S304. Determine a total rate of identifying the input electrical signal.
  • S306. Determine a modulation format by searching for a correspondence according to a total rate of the input electrical signals.
  • the modulation format is not limited to PAMn, and the amplitude modulation format such as the m-QAM modulation format of subcarrier modulation and the DMT modulation format of multicarrier modulation is also applicable.
  • a rate adaptive optical module provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes: a modulation format selection module (corresponding to the modulation format selection unit 14 described above), and a light emitting component and a light receiving component.
  • the modulation format selection module determines to use one of the modulation format unit pair inputs according to the total rate of the input electrical signal and the symbol rate that the light emitting component can support.
  • the electrical signal is modulated.
  • the light receiving direction (as indicated by the dashed arrow in FIG. 5)
  • the modulation format selecting module according to the total rate of the output electrical signal and the symbol rate that the light receiving component can support. It is determined that one of the modulation format units is used to demodulate the photoelectrically converted electrical signal.
  • the main function of the modulation format unit is to modulate or demodulate the electrical signal of the input optical module or after photoelectric conversion.
  • the optical module in this embodiment is shown in FIG. 6.
  • the optical module includes a modulation format selection module, a light emitting component (TOSA), and a light receiving component (ROSA).
  • TOSA light emitting component
  • ROSA light receiving component
  • the above-mentioned modulation format selection module is mainly composed of a rate determination unit (ie, the above-described rate determination unit 12, which can be set in the modulation format selection module, can also exist independently of the modulation format selection module), and modulation format selection.
  • the unit corresponding to the above-mentioned modulation format selecting unit 14
  • the modulation format unit (NRZ/PAM2, PAM4, PAM8.7) and the like, realizes judgment and recognition of the input electrical signal rate, modulation format selection, modulation format generation/demodulation The function.
  • the supported symbol rate is 25Gbaud/s TOSA
  • ROSA is an example (actually not limited to 50Gb/s and 25Gbaud/s)
  • the rate and modulation format and other information are judged and identified.
  • the modulation format selection unit selects the modulation format using PAM4.
  • the signal is then modulated by a modulation unit in the PAM4 chip to produce a PAG4 signal of 25 Gbaud/s.
  • the PAG4 signal of 25Gbaud/s is loaded onto the TOSA to output the corresponding optical signal through electro-optical conversion.
  • the input optical signal is first subjected to electro-optic conversion by ROSA, and then input to the rate judging unit.
  • the rate judging unit gives the received PAM4 signal of 25 Gbaud/s, and the rate of the electrical interface to be output is known to be 50 Gb/s.
  • the modulation format selecting unit selects the demodulation unit of the PAM4 to demodulate the signal. It is a 50Gb/s NRZ signal that communicates with the device through an electrical interface.
  • the modulation format selecting unit directly demodulates the signal by using the PAM4 demodulating unit corresponding to the transmitting direction. It is a 50Gb/s NRZ signal.
  • the rate adaptive optical module is also applicable to the case where the data rates in the transmit direction and the receive direction are asymmetric.
  • the rate determining unit may be an identification function of the modulation format selection module itself, that is, the rate determining unit performs clock recovery and sampling on the signal according to its own digital signal processing (DSP) circuit, and performs information on the input electrical signal rate and modulation format. Judgment and identification.
  • the system configures the rate determination unit with the input electrical signal rate and modulation format through the control unit.
  • a clock data recovery (CDR) unit is also optionally configured in the rate judging unit for shaping and recovering the high speed signal to reduce signal loss.
  • the rate judging unit of the transmitting direction and the receiving direction is a unit having the same function.
  • the rate judging unit can judge and recognize information such as a plurality of electrical signal rates and modulation formats, and thus can simultaneously support symmetry and asymmetry of the data rates in the transmitting direction and the receiving direction.
  • the modulation format selecting unit is mainly configured to generate a corresponding signaling according to a rate of the input electrical signal recognized by the rate determining unit, and a correspondence between the input electrical signal rate and the adopted modulation format, and adjust the format. select.
  • This modulation format selection unit can be implemented by selecting a circuit. As shown in Fig. 6, the modulation format selecting unit of the transmitting direction and the receiving direction is a unit having the same function.
  • the above modulation format unit (NRZ/PAM2, PAM4, PAM8....), the main function is to generate a signal of a high-order modulation format, or demodulate a signal of an input high-order modulation format, which is implemented based on an electric chip. .
  • the main components are shown in Figure 7.
  • the transmitting direction (as indicated by the solid arrow in Figure 7)
  • the PAM4 signal is generated mainly by the PAM4 modulation unit in the chip
  • the receiving direction (as shown by the dotted arrow in Fig.
  • the signal of the PAM4 modulation when the signal of the PAM4 modulation is input, the signal is demodulated mainly by the PAM4 demodulation unit in the chip, and the NRZ signal is output.
  • a forward error correction (FEC) encoder and an FEC decoder unit can be introduced on the left side of the modulation and demodulation unit.
  • the main function is to use software technology to encode the input information at the transmitting end, and then at the receiving end. Decoding and error correction are performed to obtain gain, so as to reduce the system error rate and increase the transmission distance.
  • FIG. 8 Another schematic diagram of a modulation format generation/demodulation unit is shown in FIG. 8. Its main function is the same as that of FIG. 7 for generating a signal of a high-order modulation format or demodulating a signal of an input high-order modulation format. It is based on an electrical chip. The difference is that the DSP unit is introduced on the right side of the modem unit.
  • the PAM4 signal is pre-equalized by the DSP unit, thereby improving the transmission performance of the system, and then outputting the pre-equalized PAM4 signal;
  • the receiving direction when back-to-back transmission or PAM4 signal input after a long distance of fiber transmission, the input electrical signal is first subjected to clock recovery, nonlinear compensation, equalization, etc. through the DSP unit to reduce and compensate the damage of the link system, and then pass The PAM4 demodulation unit demodulates the signal and outputs an NRZ signal.
  • the above-mentioned light emitting component can be composed of a laser, a driver, an automatic control and a monitoring circuit, etc., and is used for loading an electrical signal onto an optical signal to realize an electro-optical conversion function.
  • This TOSA is linear and can support multiple modulation formats.
  • the above laser may be a direct modulation laser (DML), an electroabsorption modulation laser (EML), or a continuous (CW) laser plus a Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM), etc., and is mainly used for electro-optical conversion.
  • DML direct modulation laser
  • EML electroabsorption modulation laser
  • CW continuous
  • MZM Mach-Zehnder modulator
  • the above-mentioned light receiving component may be composed of a photodetector, a transimpedance amplifier, a limiting amplifier, a monitoring circuit, etc., and is used for photoelectric conversion, mutual resistance amplification, conversion into a voltage signal, amplification and shaping, etc. of the received optical signal.
  • This ROSA is also linear and can support multiple modulation formats.
  • the above photodetector may be a PIN type photodetector or an avalanche type photodetector (APD), which is mainly used to realize the function of photoelectric conversion.
  • PIN type photodetector or an avalanche type photodetector (APD), which is mainly used to realize the function of photoelectric conversion.
  • APD avalanche type photodetector
  • FIG. 2 A schematic diagram of the composition of the rate adaptive optical module provided in the second embodiment is shown in FIG. It mainly consists of a modulation format selection module, a light emitting component (TOSA), and a light receiving component (ROSA).
  • the modulation format selection module is also mainly composed of a rate determination unit, a modulation format selection unit, a modulation format unit (NRZ/PAM2, PAM4, PAM8....), etc., to realize judgment and recognition of the input electrical signal rate, modulation format selection, and modulation format generation. / demodulation function.
  • the difference from the first embodiment is that the electrical interface between the device side and the optical module is more than one way, but two, three, four, or even N.
  • a rate control unit needs to add a control unit, and the rate judging unit is configured with several signals on the electrical interface side, the rate of each signal, and the modulation format to determine the total rate of the electrical signals.
  • the rate judging selection unit recognizes the total rate of the electrical signals, corresponding signaling is generated according to the correspondence between the total rate of the predetermined electrical signals and the high-order modulation format to be adopted, and the selection of the adjustment format is made.
  • the modulation format selection unit will select Using the modulation format of the PAM16, a PAG16 signal of 100 Gb/s is generated by a modulation unit in the PAM16 chip, and then loaded onto the TOSA, and the corresponding optical signal is output by electro-optical conversion.
  • the 100Gb/s PAM16 optical signal input to the optical module is input to the rate judging unit through the photoelectric conversion of the ROSA, and the rate judging unit recognizes that the received PAG16 signal of 25 Gbaud/s passes.
  • the control unit acquires four 25Gb/s NRZ signals to be outputted by the device side, and then the modulation format selection unit selects the demodulation unit of the PAM16 to demodulate the signal into four 25Gb/s NRZ signals through the electrical interface and the device. Communicate.
  • the modulation format selection unit selects the modulation format of the PAM8, and the specific light emission direction and the light receiving direction work as described above.
  • the 4-way 25Gb/s NRZ signal is similar.
  • FIG. It mainly consists of modulation format selection module, TOSA, and ROSA.
  • the modulation format selection module is also mainly composed of a rate determination unit, a modulation format selection unit, a modulation format unit (NRZ/PAM2, PAM4, PAM8....), etc., to realize judgment and recognition of the input electrical signal rate, modulation format selection, and modulation format generation. / demodulation function.
  • the electrical interface between the device side and the optical module is more than one channel of data, but 2, 3, 4, or even N.
  • a rate control unit needs to add a control unit, and the rate judging unit is configured with several signals on the electrical interface side, the rate of each signal, and the modulation format to determine the total rate of the electrical signals.
  • the optical module can include multiple TOSA/ROSA, and even one modulation format corresponds to one or more TOSA/ROSA.
  • the optical module works, it can be selected according to the modulation format, and multiple modulation formats can be used at the same time.
  • multi-channel parallel operation can also reduce the requirements on the linear parameters such as TOSA/ROSA.
  • the system inputs 4 25Gb/s NRZ signals into the optical module as an example (actually not limited to 25Gb/s).
  • the specific working mode is shown in Figure 11.
  • the control unit in the rate judging selection unit acquires the input NRZ signal of 25 channels of 25Gb/s, and the total rate of the input electrical signal is 100 Gb/s.
  • FIG. 1 a schematic diagram of the working mode of the receiving direction is shown in FIG.
  • the 25Gbaud/s NRZ and 25Gbaud/s PAM8 optical signals transmitted by back-to-back transmission or a long distance of optical fiber are input to the rate judging unit through the photoelectric conversion of ROSA, and the output required by the control unit is 4
  • the 25Gb/s NRZ signal information is followed by the modulation format selection unit selecting the NRZ demodulation unit and the PAM8 demodulation unit, respectively demodulating and outputting 4 25Gb/s NRZ signals, and communicating with the device through the electrical interface.
  • one NRZ modulation and one PAM4 modulation can be selected.
  • the specific light emission direction and the light receiving direction work in a similar manner to the above 100 Gb/s total rate.
  • FIG. 1 A schematic diagram of the composition of the optical module provided in the fourth embodiment is shown in FIG. It mainly consists of a modulation format selection module, a light emitting component (IQ modulation), and a coherent light receiving component.
  • the modulation format selection module is mainly composed of a rate determination unit, a modulation format selection unit, and a generation/recovery unit (QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM, ...) of a drive signal required for a modulation format.
  • QPSK generation/recovery unit
  • 16-QAM 16-QAM
  • 64-QAM 64-QAM
  • phase modulation or even amplitude and phase modulation methods such as (QPSK, 8PSK, 8-QAM, 16-QAM, 32-QAM, 64-QAM, etc.) are adopted, and corresponding modulation and demodulation units, and optical transmission and reception are adopted.
  • the components all need to make some changes.
  • a correspondence is established based on the rate of the input electrical signal and the symbol rate that the optical component can support.
  • the rate determination selecting unit recognizes the information of the input electrical signal rate and the modulation format
  • the corresponding signaling is generated according to the correspondence between the predetermined input electrical signal rate and the adopted modulation format, and the adjustment format is selected.
  • the modulation selection unit will choose to adopt the QPSK modulation format.
  • the QPSK unit is used to generate two-level I and Q driving signals, which are loaded onto the IQ-modulated light-emitting component, and the QPSK-modulated optical signal is obtained by electro-optical conversion.
  • the QPSK signal of 25G baud/s is input into the optical module, the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal by the coherent light receiving component, thereby realizing the function of photoelectric conversion.
  • the rate judging unit recognizes the information such as the QPSK signal of 25G baud/s, and the rate of the electrical interface to be outputted is 50 Gb/s.
  • the modulation format selecting unit selects the QPSK signal by using the QPSK unit. Demodulation recovery, output 50Gb / s NRZ signal, communicate with the device through the electrical interface.
  • FIG. 14 A schematic diagram of the operation of the QPSK unit to generate and recover the drive signal is shown in FIG. 14, and the drive signal generation and recovery unit can be implemented by a DSP chip.
  • the IQ-modulated light-emitting component is mainly composed of a continuous laser, a driver, an IQ modulator and the like, and is used for loading an electrical signal onto the optical signal to realize the function of electro-optical conversion.
  • the driver can support differential signal driving
  • the IQ modulator is mainly implemented based on the Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM), and the actual implementation process is not limited to MZM.
  • MZM Mach-Zehnder modulator
  • the coherent light receiving component is mainly composed of a local oscillator laser (LO), an optical mixer, a photodetector, a transimpedance amplifier, etc., and is used for converting an optical signal into an electrical signal by coherent reception, thereby realizing a photoelectric conversion function.
  • the local oscillator laser is based on a narrow linewidth tunable laser, and its introduction can greatly improve the receiving sensitivity.
  • the optical mixer is mainly used to realize the function of coherently mixing the signal light with the LO light and outputting several signals having a certain phase difference, which may be a 90° mixer or a 120° mixer, or 180° mixer.
  • Photodetectors are mainly used to realize the function of photoelectric conversion, which can be based on balanced detectors or on the basis of a single photodetector.
  • the optical module corresponding to the fourth embodiment is applicable not only to the single-channel electrical signal input, but also to the multi-channel electrical signal input described in the second embodiment, and the multi-channel electrical signal input described in the third embodiment. , multi-channel light emission and light receiving components scene.
  • a control unit needs to be added to the rate judgment selection unit, and the rate determination unit is configured with several signals on the electrical interface side, the rate of each signal, and the modulation format to determine the total rate of the electrical signal.
  • the specific implementation manner can be referred to the specific embodiment 2 and the specific embodiment 3.
  • each of the above modules may be implemented by software or hardware.
  • the foregoing may be implemented by, but not limited to, the foregoing modules are all located in the same processor; or, the above modules are in any combination.
  • the forms are located in different processors.
  • Embodiments of the present invention also provide a storage medium having stored therein a computer program, wherein the computer program is configured to perform the steps of any of the above method embodiments when executed.
  • the foregoing storage medium may include, but is not limited to, a USB flash drive, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), and a Random Access Memory (RAM).
  • ROM Read-Only Memory
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • Embodiments of the present invention also provide an electronic device comprising a memory and a processor having a computer program stored therein, the processor being arranged to execute a computer program to perform the steps of any of the method embodiments described above.
  • the electronic device may further include a transmission device and an input and output device, wherein the transmission device is connected to the processor, and the input and output device is connected to the processor.
  • modules or steps of the present invention described above can be implemented by a general-purpose computing device that can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices. Alternatively, they may be implemented by program code executable by the computing device such that they may be stored in the storage device by the computing device and, in some cases, may be different from the order herein.
  • the steps shown or described are performed, or they are separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or a plurality of modules or steps thereof are fabricated as a single integrated circuit module.
  • the invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

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Abstract

本发明实施例中提供了一种光模块及信号处理方法，该方法包括：确定输入或输出光模块的电信号的总速率；根据上述输入光模块的电信号的总速率，以及预先设置的电信号总速率与调制格式之间的对应关系，确定与输入该光模块的电信号的总速率对应的调制格式；或者，根据输出光模块的电信号的总速率，以及预先设置的电信号总速率与解调格式之间的对应关系，确定与输出光模块的电信号的总速率对应的解调格式；利用确定的调制格式对输入光模块的电信号进行调制；或者，利用确定的解调格式对进行光电转换后的电信号进行解调。解决相关技术中的光模块难以满足多个不同速率PON系统的应用要求的问题，达到降低系统的建设与维护成本，提高系统的服务质量保证的效果。

Description

光模块及信号处理方法 技术领域
本发明涉及通信领域，具体而言，涉及一种光模块及信号处理方法。
背景技术
随着通信和互联网等业务的迅速发展，全球网络电视、高清电视、视频等大流量业务对带宽的需求持续在增加并呈加速的态势。接入网作为整个通信网的最后一公里，也正从简单语音需求逐渐向数据、多媒体、综合业务需求发展，这些综合业务应用对带宽的要求也越来越高。作为一种在服务提供商、电信局端和商业/家庭用户之间的解决方案，无源光网络(Passive Optical Network，简称为PON)应运而生。PON是一种基于点到多点拓扑结构的单纤双向光接入网络。PON系统主要由局端的光线路终端(Optical Line Terminal，简称为OLT)、光分配网络(Optical Distribution Network，简称为ODN)和用户侧的光网络单元(Optical Network Unit，简称为ONU)组成。PON作为光接入技术最大的优点在于“无源”，ODN中不包含任何有源设备，前期投资小、造价低、容易维护。另外还具有多业务、高带宽、长距离接入、扩展性好、良好的服务质量(Quality of Service，简称为QoS保证)等特点。近年来，PON的传输速率已从最初的1Gb/s(以太无源光网络(Ethernet Passive Optical Network，简称为EPON)，千兆无源光网络(Gigabit Passive Optical Network，简称为GPON)，发展到10Gb/s(10G EPON，XG PON)，40Gb/s(基于时分和波分复用的无源光网络TWDM-PON)，并逐步向100Gb/s平滑演进。随着PON系统的不断发展演进，可能会出现如下应用场景：
1.不同地域，不同地方的用户可能需要不同的速率，如经济高度发达的城市地区需要更高的接入带宽，而地方偏远的乡村地区，则可能不需要那么高的接入带宽；
2.同一地域，不同速率需求，在大型体育赛事、大型音乐会等特殊场 合或活动期间，用户的接入带宽及系统可能需要及时动态调整，来满足大容量的带宽需求。
总之，从OLT到每个ONU之间的用途和传输环境各不相同，对应的带宽需求也是时变的。因此，PON系统需要处理时变的带宽需求和不同传输环境的要求。对于目前已规模部署的商用PON网络，难以同时满足如上不同应用场景的需求。因此对未来光网络的灵活度的要求，越来越受到人们的关注。与此同时，对未来光网络中的光模块的信号处理能力也提出了越来越高的要求。然而，现有的光模块难以满足多个不同速率PON系统的应用要求，针对不同的PON系统开发不同速率的光模块将会大大增加了系统的建设成本，并带来资源的浪费。
针对相关技术中存在的上述问题，目前尚未提出有效的解决方案。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种光模块及信号处理方法，以至少解决相关技术中的光模块难以满足多个不同速率PON系统的应用要求的问题。
根据本发明的一个实施例，提供了一种光模块，包括：速率判断单元，设置为确定输入或输出光模块的电信号的总速率；调制格式选择单元，设置为根据输入所述光模块的电信号的总速率，以及预先设置的电信号总速率与调制格式之间的对应关系，确定与输入所述光模块的电信号的总速率对应的调制格式；或者，根据输出所述光模块的电信号的总速率，以及预先设置的电信号总速率与解调格式之间的对应关系，确定与输出所述光模块的电信号的总速率对应的解调格式；调制解调单元，设置为利用确定的调制格式对输入所述光模块的电信号进行调制；或者，利用确定的解调格式对进行光电转换后的电信号进行解调。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，还提供了一种信号处理方法，包括：确定输入或输出光模块的电信号的总速率；根据输入所述光模块的电信号的总速率，以及预先设置的电信号总速率与调制格式之间的对应关系，确定与输入所述光模块的电信号的总速率对应的调制格式；或者，根据输出所 述光模块的电信号的总速率，以及预先设置的电信号总速率与解调格式之间的对应关系，确定与输出所述光模块的电信号的总速率对应的解调格式；利用确定的调制格式对输入所述光模块的电信号进行调制；或者，利用确定的解调格式对进行光电转换后的电信号进行解调。
根据本发明的又一个实施例，还提供了一种存储介质，所述存储介质中存储有计算机程序，其中，所述计算机程序被设置为运行时执行上述任一项方法实施例中的步骤。
根据本发明的又一个实施例，还提供了一种电子装置，包括存储器和处理器，所述存储器中存储有计算机程序，所述处理器被设置为运行所述计算机程序以执行上述任一项方法实施例中的步骤。
通过本发明中的实施例，由于预先设置有电信号的总速率与调制或解调格式之间的对应关系，因此，针对不同速率的电信号可以为其配置相对应的调制或解调格式，从而可以实现为多种速率的信号配置调制或解调格式的目的，可以解决相关技术中的光模块难以满足多个不同速率PON系统的应用要求的问题，达到降低系统的建设与维护成本，提高系统的服务质量保证的效果。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1是根据本发明实施例的信号处理方法的流程图；
图2是根据本发明实施例的光模块的结构框图；
图3是根据本发明实施例的速率自适应光模块的主要工作流程；
图4是根据本发明实施例输入数据速率与采用的调制格式之间的对应关系示意图；
图5是根据本发明实施例的速率自适应光模块的示意图；
图6是根据本发明具体实施例一对应光模块组成示意图；
图7是根据本发明具体实施例一的调制/解调单元芯片组成示意图一；
图8是根据本发明具体实施例一的调制/解调单元芯片组成示意图二；
图9是根据本发明具体实施例二对应光模块组成示意图；
图10是根据本发明具体实施例三对应光模块组成示意图；
图11是根据本发明具体实施例三对应光发送方向工作方式示意图；
图12是根据本发明具体实施例三对应光接收方向工作方式示意图；
图13是根据本发明具体实施例四对应光模块组成示意图；
图14是根据本发明具体实施例四对应的驱动信号产生与恢复示意图；
图15是根据本发明具体实施例四的IQ调制的光发射组件主要组成示意图；
图16是根据本发明具体实施例四的相干光接收组件主要组成示意图。
具体实施方式
下文中将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
需要说明的是，本发明的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。
鉴于相关技术中存在的上述问题，在本实施例中提供了一种信号的处理方法，图1是根据本发明实施例的信号处理方法的流程图，如图1所示，该流程包括如下步骤：
步骤S102，确定输入或输出光模块的电信号的总速率；
步骤S104，根据上述输入光模块的电信号的总速率，以及预先设置的电信号总速率与调制格式之间的对应关系，确定与输入该光模块的电信号的总速率对应的调制格式；或者，根据输出光模块的电信号的总速率， 以及预先设置的电信号总速率与解调格式之间的对应关系，确定与输出光模块的电信号的总速率对应的解调格式；
步骤S106，利用确定的调制格式对输入光模块的电信号进行调制；或者，利用确定的解调格式对进行光电转换后的电信号进行解调。
其中，执行上述操作的可以是光模块。
在上述实施例中，与输入光模块的电信号对应的是调制格式，并且对输入光模块的电信号所执行的是调制处理。与输出光模块的电信号对应的解调格式，并且对输出光模块的电信号所执行的是解调处理。
通过上述光模块，由于预先设置有电信号的总速率与调制或解调格式之间的对应关系，因此，针对不同速率的电信号可以为其配置相对应的调制或解调格式，从而可以实现为多种速率的信号配置调制或解调格式的目的，可以解决相关技术中的光模块难以满足多个不同速率PON系统的应用要求的问题，达到降低系统的建设与维护成本，提高系统的服务质量保证的效果。
在一个可选的实施例中，在确定与输入上述光模块的电信号的总速率对应的调制格式之前，上述方法还包括：根据光模块中的光组件支持的符号速率确定电信号总速率与调制格式之间的对应关系；或者，在确定与输出光模块的电信号的总速率对应的解调格式之前，上述方法还包括：根据光模块中的光组件支持的符号速率确定电信号总速率与解调格式之间的对应关系。在本实施例中，光模块的光发射组件带宽和接收组件带宽及各组件所能支持的符号速率可以是已知的，因此可以建立电信号的总速率与采用的调制或解调格式之间的对应关系。
在一个可选的实施例中，当输入光模块的电信号是一路时，输入该光模块的电信号的总速率是该一路的总速率；当输入光模块的电信号是两路以上时，输入该光模块的电信号的总速率是由输入光模块的电信号的路数、每路电信号的速率及调制格式来确定的。在本实施例中，输入光模块的电信号可以是一路也可以是多路，在不同的路数下可以依据不同的确定规则 确定电信号的总速率。
在一个可选的实施例中，当上述光模块中的光组件是两个以上时，确定与输入光模块的电信号的总速率对应的调制格式包括：根据光组件的数量，确定与输入光模块的电信号的总速率对应的调制格式，或者，确定与输出光模块的电信号的总速率对应的解调格式包括：根据光组件的数量，确定与输出光模块的电信号的总速率对应的解调格式；其中，确定的调制或解调格式的数量为两个以上，且小于或等于光组件的数量。在本实施例中，当光组件为多个时，可以接收或发送多路电信号，对电信号进行调制或解调的格式也可能为多种。其中确定的调制格式可以是相同的调制格式，也可以是不同的调制格式，也可以部分相同，部分不同。
在一个可选的实施例中，利用确定的调制格式对输入光模块的电信号进行调制包括：利用确定的两个以上的调制格式并行对输入光模块的电信号进行调制；或者，利用确定的解调格式对进行光电转换后的电信号进行解调包括：利用确定的两个以上的解调格式并行对进行光电转换后的电信号进行解调。
在一个可选的实施例中，上述调制格式为基于幅度的调制格式，或者，基于幅度和相位的调制格式(也可称为基于幅相的调制格式)；上述解调格式为基于幅度的解调格式，或者，基于幅度和相位的解调格式(也可称为基于幅相的解调格式)。
可选地，当基于幅度进行调制或解调时，上述光模块中的光组件是基于强度调制、直接检测的光组件；当基于幅度和相位调制或解调时，上述光模块中的光组件是基于IQ调制、相干接收的光组件。在本实施例中，光组件是包括光发射组件和光接收组件的。
鉴于相关技术中存在的上述问题，本发明实施例中还提供了一种速率自适应的光模块，该模块可以根据输入的不同信号速率，来灵活调整信号的调制和解调格式，从而实现光模块能够适应多种数据速率，满足多个不同速率PON系统的要求，最大限度地利用所开发的光模块，实现更好的 资源配置，降低系统的建设与维护成本，提高系统的服务质量保证。下面对本发明中的实施例进行说明：
在本实施例中提供了一种光模块，该光模块可以实现本发明实施例中的方法实施例及优选实施方式。如以下所使用的，术语“单元”可以实现预定功能的软件和/或硬件的组合。以下实施例所描述的装置可以以硬件，软件，或者软件和硬件的组合进行实现。
图2是根据本发明实施例的光模块的结构框图，如图2所示，该光模块包括：
速率判断单元22，设置为确定输入或输出光模块的电信号的总速率；调制格式选择单元24，连接至上述速率判断单元22，设置为根据输入光模块的电信号的总速率，以及预先设置的电信号总速率与调制格式之间的对应关系，确定与输入光模块的电信号的总速率对应的调制格；或者，根据输出光模块的电信号的总速率，以及预先设置的电信号总速率与解调格式之间的对应关系，确定与输出光模块的电信号的总速率对应的解调格式；调制解调单元26，连接至上述调制格式选择单元24，设置为利用确定的调制格式对输入光模块的电信号进行调制；或者，利用确定的解调格式对进行光电转换后的电信号进行解调。
在上述实施例中，与输入光模块的电信号对应的是调制格式，并且对输入光模块的电信号所执行的是调制处理。与输出光模块的电信号对应的解调格式，并且对输出光模块的电信号所执行的是解调处理。
通过上述光模块，由于预先设置有电信号的总速率与调制或解调格式之间的对应关系，因此，针对不同速率的电信号可以为其配置相对应的调制或解调格式，从而可以实现为多种速率的信号配置调制或解调格式的目的，可以解决相关技术中的光模块难以满足多个不同速率PON系统的应用要求的问题，达到降低系统的建设与维护成本，提高系统的服务质量保证的效果。
在一个可选的实施例中，上述调制格式选择单元24还设置为：在确 定与输入光模块的电信号的总速率对应的调制格式之前，根据光模块中的光组件支持的符号速率确定电信号总速率与调制格式之间的对应关系；或者，在确定与输出光模块的电信号的总速率对应的解调格式之前，根据光模块中的光组件支持的符号速率确定电信号总速率与解调格式之间的对应关系。在本实施例中，光模块的光发射组件带宽和接收组件带宽及各组件所能支持的符号速率可以是已知的，因此可以建立电信号的总速率与采用的调制或解调格式之间的对应关系。
在一个可选的实施例中，当输入光模块的电信号是一路时，输入光模块的电信号的总速率是该一路的总速率；当输入光模块的电信号是两路以上时，输入光模块的电信号的总速率是由输入光模块的电信号的路数、每路电信号的速率及调制格式来确定的。在本实施例中，输入光模块的电信号可以是一路也可以是多路，在不同的路数下可以依据不同的确定规则确定电信号的总速率。
在一个可选的实施例中，调制格式选择单元24设置为：当光模块中的光组件是两个以上时，根据光组件的数量，确定与输入光模块的电信号的总速率对应的调制格式或者确定与输出光模块的电信号的总速率对应的解调格式，其中，确定的调制或解调格式的数量为两个以上，且小于或等于光组件的数量。在本实施例中，当光组件为多个时，可以接收或发送多路电信号，对电信号进行调制或解调的格式也可能为多种。其中确定的调制格式可以是相同的调制格式，也可以是不同的调制格式，也可以部分相同，部分不同。
在一个可选的实施例中，上述调制解调单元26设置为：利用确定的两个以上的调制格式并行对输入光模块的电信号进行调制；或者，利用确定的两个以上的解调格式并行对进行光电转换后的电信号进行解调。
在一个可选的实施例中，上述光模块还包括：控制单元，设置为为速率判断单元配置电接口侧是几路信号，每路信号的速率及调制格式信息。在本实施中，控制单元为速率判断单元配置的信息可以用于速率判断单元 确定电信号的总速率，也就是说，速率判断单元可以利用控制单元配置的电接口侧的信号路数，每路信号的速率及调制格式信息来确定电信号的总速率。
在一个可选的实施例中，上述调制格式为基于幅度的调制格式，或者，基于幅度和相位的调制格式(也可称为基于幅相的调制格式)；上述解调格式为基于幅度的解调格式，或者，基于幅度和相位的解调格式(也可称为基于幅相的解调格式)。
可选地，当基于幅度进行调制或解调时，上述光模块中的光组件是基于强度调制、直接检测的光组件；当基于幅度和相位调制或解调时，上述光模块中的光组件是基于IQ调制、相干接收的光组件。在本实施例中，光组件是包括光发射组件和光接收组件的。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到根据上述实施例的方法可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现，当然也可以通过硬件，但很多情况下前者是更佳的实施方式。基于这样的理解，本发明的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质(如ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘)中，包括若干指令用以使得一台终端设备(可以是手机，计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本发明各个实施例所述的方法。
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行说明：
本发明实施例中的速率自适应光模块的主要工作流程如图3所示，在图3所示的流程中，包括如下步骤：S302，可以根据输入或输出光模块的电信号的总速率的速率，以及光组件(包括上述的光发射组件和/或光接收组件，其中，光发射组件的数量可以为一个或多个，光接收组件的数量也可以为一个或多个)所能支持的符号速率，建立对应关系。S304，判断识别输入电信号的总速率。S306，根据输入电信号的总速率，通过查找对应 关系，确定调制格式。S308，使用所选调制格式单元，实现信号的调制(解调方式类似)。以使用PAMn调制格式为例来说明对应关系的建立过程，如图4所示。假设光组件所支持的符号速率是X Gbaud/s，输入电信号的速率是mX Gb/s，其中m是整数(1，2，3，……)。则所采用的调制格式PAMn中的n＝2 m(对应PAM2，PAM4，PAM8，……)。另外，调制格式不限于PAMn,如副载波调制的m-QAM调制格式，以及多载波调制的DMT调制格式等幅度调制格式也同样适用。
本发明实施例中提供的一种速率自适应光模块，包括：调制格式选择模块(对应于上述的调制格式选择单元14)，以及光发射组件、光接收组件。其中，在光发射方向(如图5中实线箭头所示)，上述调制格式选择模块根据输入电信号的总速率以及光发射组件所能支持的符号速率，确定采用其中一个调制格式单元对输入电信号进行调制。在光接收方向(如图5中虚线箭头所示)，首先光接收组件对输入的光信号进行光电转换，然后调制格式选择模块根据输出电信号的总速率以及光接收组件所能支持的符号速率，确定采用其中一个调制格式单元对光电转换后的电信号进行解调。所述调制格式单元的主要功能是对输入光模块的或光电转换后的电信号进行调制或解调。
具体实施例一：
本实施例中的光模块如图6所示，此光模块包括调制格式选择模块、光发射组件(TOSA)、光接收组件(ROSA)。
上述的调制格式选择模块，主要由速率判断单元(即，上述的速率判断单元12，该速率判断单元可以设置在调制格式选择模块中，可也独立于调制格式选择模块而存在)、调制格式选择单元(对应于上述的调制格式选择单元14)、调制格式单元(NRZ/PAM2，PAM4，PAM8….)等组成，实现对输入电信号速率的判断识别、调制格式选择、调制格式产生/解调的功能。
以输入一路50Gb/s的NRZ信号，采用的是支持的符号速率是25Gbaud/s的TOSA，ROSA为例(实际不仅限于50Gb/s以及25Gbaud/s)，首先通过速率判断单元对输入的电信号的速率及调制格式等信息进行判断与识别。根据上述对应关系，调制格式选择单元会选择使用PAM4的调制格式。随后通过PAM4芯片中的调制单元对信号进行调制，产生25Gbaud/s的PAM4信号。25Gbaud/s的PAM4信号加载到TOSA上通过电光转换作用输出相应的光信号。而在接收方向，首先通过ROSA对所输入的光信号进行电光转换，随后输入到速率判断单元。速率判断单元给出接收到的是25Gbaud/s的PAM4信号，已知待输出电接口的速率是50Gb/s,则根据既定对应关系，调制格式选择单元选择使用PAM4的解调单元将信号解调成50Gb/s的NRZ信号，通过电接口与设备进行通信。如果已知光模块接收的恰好是其发射的光信号经过背靠背或一段距离光纤传输后的光信号，则在接收方向，调制格式选择单元直接使用与发射方向对应的PAM4解调单元将信号解调成50Gb/s的NRZ信号。另外，对于发射方向和接收方向数据速率不对称的情况，此速率自适应光模块也同样适用。
上述速率判断单元，可以是调制格式选择模块自身的识别功能，即速率判断单元根据其自身数字信号处理(DSP)电路对信号进行时钟恢复和采样，对输入的电信号速率及调制格式等信息做出判断与识别。或者是系统通过控制单元给速率判断单元配置所输入的电信号速率及调制格式等信息。另外，此速率判断单元中也可选择地配置时钟数据恢复(CDR)单元，用于对高速信号进行整形恢复，减小信号的损耗。如图6中所示，发射方向和接收方向的速率判断单元是具有同种功能的单元。此速率判断单元可判断识别多种电信号速率及调制格式等信息，因此可同时支持发射方向和接收方向数据速率对称与不对称的情况。
上述调制格式选择单元，主要用来根据速率判断单元所识别的输入电信号的速率，以及上述输入电信号速率与采用的调制格式之间的对应关系，产生相应的信令，做出调整格式的选择。此调制格式选择单元可通过选择电路来实现。如图6中所示，发射方向和接收方向的调制格式选择单元是 具有同种功能的单元。
上述调制格式单元(NRZ/PAM2，PAM4，PAM8….)，主要功能是用来产生高阶调制格式的信号，或对输入的高阶调制格式的信号进行解调，是基于电芯片来实现的。以PAM4单元芯片为例，其主要组成部分如图7所示。在发射方向(如图7中实线箭头所示)，若输入高速非归零(NRZ)信号，则主要通过芯片中的PAM4调制单元来产生PAM4信号；在接收方向(如图7中虚线箭头所示)，当PAM4调制的信号输入时，主要通过芯片中的PAM4解调单元对信号进行解调，输出NRZ信号。另外，还可在调制和解调单元的左侧引入前向纠错(FEC)编码器和FEC解码器单元，主要作用是利用软件技术在发送端对输入信息进行编码，在接收端再对之进行解码与纠错，从而获得增益，达到降低系统误码率、增加传输距离的目的。
另外一种调制格式产生/解调单元的示意图如图8所示，其主要功能与图7相同，用来产生高阶调制格式的信号，或对输入的高阶调制格式的信号进行解调，是基于电芯片来实现的。不同之处在于，在调制解调单元右侧引入了DSP单元。可选地，在发射方向，当NRZ信号经PAM4调制单元调制后，通过DSP单元对PAM4信号进行预均衡，从而提高系统的传输性能，随后再输出预均衡后的PAM4信号；在接收方向，当通过背靠背传输或一段距离的光纤传输后的PAM4信号输入时，首先通过DSP单元对输入的电信号进行时钟恢复、非线性补偿、均衡等处理，以减少和补偿链路系统的损伤，随后再通过PAM4解调单元对信号进行解调，输出NRZ信号。
上述的光发射组件(TOSA)，可由激光器、驱动器、自动控制和监测电路等部分组成，用来将电信号加载到光信号上，实现电光转换的功能。此TOSA是线性的，能够支持多种调制格式。
上述的激光器可以是直接调制激光器(DML)，也可以是电吸收调制激光器(EML)，或者是连续(CW)激光器加马赫-曾德调制器(MZM) 等，主要用来进行电光转换功能。
上述的光接收组件(ROSA)，可由光电探测器、跨阻放大器、限幅放大器、监测电路等组成，用来实现将接收的光信号进行光电转换、互阻放大转换成电压信号、放大整形等功能。此ROSA也是线性的，能够支持多种调制格式。
上述的光电探测器可以是PIN型光电探测器，也可以是雪崩型光电探测器(APD)，主要用来实现光电转换的功能。
具体实施例二：
具体实施例二所提供的速率自适应光模块的组成示意图如图9所示。主要由调制格式选择模块、光发射组件(TOSA)、光接收组件(ROSA)组成。调制格式选择模块同样主要由速率判断单元、调制格式选择单元、调制格式单元(NRZ/PAM2，PAM4，PAM8….)等组成，实现对输入电信号速率的判断识别、调制格式选择、调制格式产生/解调的功能。与具体实施例一的不同之处在于设备侧与光模块的电接口不止一路，而是2路，3路，4路，甚至N路的情况。此时，速率判断选择单元中需要增加一个控制单元，为速率判断单元配置电接口侧是几路信号，每路信号的速率及调制格式等信息，以确定电信号的总速率。速率判断选择单元识别出电信号的总速率后，根据既定的电信号的总速率与即将采用的高阶调制格式之间的对应关系，产生相应的信令，做出调整格式的选择。
以输入4路25Gb/s的NRZ信号，采用的是支持25Gbaud/s符号速率的TOSA，ROSA为例(实际不仅限于25Gb/s以及25Gbaud/s)，根据上述对应关系，调制格式选择单元会选择使用PAM16的调制格式，则通过PAM16芯片中的调制单元产生100Gb/s的PAM16信号，随后加载到TOSA上，通过电光转换作用输出相应的光信号。反之，在接收方向，输入到光模块中的100Gb/s的PAM16光信号，通过ROSA的光电转换作用，输入到速率判断单元，速率判断单元识别出接收到的是25Gbaud/s的PAM16 信号，通过控制单元获取设备侧待输出的是4路25Gb/s的NRZ信号，随后调制格式选择单元选择使用PAM16的解调单元，将信号解调成4路25Gb/s的NRZ信号，通过电接口与设备进行通信。若输入3路25Gb/s的NRZ信号，采用的是支持25Gbaud/s符号速率的光组件，则调制格式选择单元会选择使用PAM8的调制格式，具体光发射方向、光接收方向的工作方式与上述4路25Gb/s的NRZ信号的类似。
具体实施例三：
具体实施例三所提供的速率自适应光模块的组成示意图如图10所示。主要由调制格式选择模块、TOSA、ROSA组成。调制格式选择模块同样主要由速率判断单元、调制格式选择单元、调制格式单元(NRZ/PAM2，PAM4，PAM8….)等组成，实现对输入电信号速率的判断识别、调制格式选择、调制格式产生/解调的功能。同样针对于设备侧与光模块的电接口不止一路数据，而是2路，3路，4路，甚至N路的情况。此时，速率判断选择单元中需要增加一个控制单元，为速率判断单元配置电接口侧是几路信号，每路信号的速率及调制格式等信息，以确定电信号的总速率。与具体实施例二的不同之处在于光模块中可以包含多路TOSA/ROSA，甚至一种调制格式对应一路或多路TOSA/ROSA。光模块工作时，根据调制格式选择需要，可同时使用多个调制格式。同时多路并行工作也可以降低对TOSA/ROSA的线性等性能参数的要求。
首先建立输入或输出电信号的总速率与采用几路信号并行、以及每路信号所采用的调制格式之间的对应关系。制定对应关系的依据是在满足速率匹配、优先选择较低阶调制格式的前提下，选择采用几路信号并行，并确定每路信号的调制格式。在发射方向，系统输入4路25Gb/s的NRZ信号到光模块中为例(实际不仅限于25Gb/s)，具体工作方式如图11所示。4路电信号输入到光模块中后，通过速率判断选择单元中的控制单元获取所输入的是4路25Gb/s的NRZ信号，得出所输入电信号的总速率是 100Gb/s。随后根据既定的输入电信号的总速率与采用几路信号并行、以及每路信号即将采用的调制格式之间的对应关系，产生相应的信令，做出调整格式的选择。对于100Gb/s的总速率，可以选择两路并行的PAM4调制；也可以选择一路NRZ调制、一路PAM8调制；甚至可以选择四路并行的NRZ调制。如图11所示，以采用一路NRZ调制、一路PAM8调制为例，则将NRZ调制、PAM8调制单元输出的两路信号分别加载到两路并行的TOSA上，通过电光转换作用输出相应的25Gbaud/s NRZ和25Gbaud/s PAM8两路光信号。
相应地，接收方向的工作方式示意图如图12所示。通过背靠背传输或一段距离的光纤传输后的25Gbaud/s NRZ和25Gbaud/s PAM8两路光信号，通过ROSA的光电转换作用，输入到速率判断单元，通过控制单元获取设备侧所需要输出的是4路25Gb/s的NRZ信号信息，随后调制格式选择单元选择NRZ解调单元和PAM8解调单元，分别解调输出4路25Gb/s的NRZ信号，通过电接口与设备进行通信。
对于75Gb/s的总速率，可以选择一路NRZ调制、一路PAM4调制，具体光发射方向、光接收方向的工作方式与上述100Gb/s总速率的类似。
具体实施例四：
具体实施例四所提供的光模块的组成示意图如图13所示。主要由调制格式选择模块、光发射组件(IQ调制)、相干光接收组件组成。调制格式选择模块主要由速率判断单元、调制格式选择单元、调制格式所需驱动信号的产生/恢复单元(QPSK，16-QAM，64-QAM，…)等组成。具体实施例一至三所述的具体实施方式是采用的调制方式是基于幅度调制。本实施例中采用相位调制甚至是幅相调制方式如(QPSK，8PSK，8-QAM,16-QAM,32-QAM,64-QAM等)，则对应的调制解调单元，及光发射和接收组件都需要因此产生一些变化。
首先，根据输入电信号的速率，以及光组件所能支持的符号速率，建 立对应关系。速率判断选择单元识别出所输入电信号的速率及调制格式等信息后，根据既定的输入电信号速率与采用的调制格式之间的对应关系，产生相应的信令，做出调整格式的选择。以输入50Gb/s的NRZ信号为例，若光发射接收组件中的单个器件最大能支持25Gbaud/s(实际不仅限于50Gb/s以及25Gbaud/s)，则调制选择单元会选择采用QPSK调制格式。随后采用QPSK单元产生两电平的I、Q两路驱动信号，加载到IQ调制的光发射组件上，通过电光转换作用得到QPSK调制的光信号。在接收方向，当25G baud/s的QPSK信号输入到光模块中时，通过相干光接收组件将光信号转化为电信号，实现光电转换的功能。速率判断单元识别出接收到的是25G baud/s的QPSK信号等信息，已知待输出电接口的速率是50Gb/s,则根据既定对应关系，调制格式选择单元选择使用QPSK单元对QPSK信号进行解调恢复，输出50Gb/s的NRZ信号，通过电接口与设备进行通信。
QPSK单元产生与恢复驱动信号的工作方式示意图如图14所示，驱动信号产生和恢复单元可由DSP芯片来实现。
所述IQ调制的光发射组件主要由连续激光器、驱动器、IQ调制器等部分组成，用来将电信号加载到光信号上，实现电光转换的功能。如图15所示，其中驱动器可支持差分信号驱动，IQ调制器主要基于马赫曾德调制器(MZM)来实现的，实际实现过程中不仅限于MZM来实现。
所述相干光接收组件主要由本振激光器(LO)，光混频器，光电探测器，跨阻放大器等组成，用来通过相干接收将光信号转化为电信号，实现光电转换的功能。如图16所示，其中本振激光器基于窄线宽可调激光器，它的引入可大大提高接收灵敏度。光混频器主要用来实现将信号光与LO光进行相干混频并输出具有一定相位差的几路信号的功能，可为90°混频器，也可为120°混频器，或者为180°混频器。光电探测器主要用来实现光电转换的功能，可基于平衡探测器，也可基于单个光电探测器来实现。
此外，具体实施例四所对应的光模块不仅适用于单路电信号输入，同样也适用于具体实施例二所述的多路电信号输入，以及具体实施例三所述 的多路电信号输入、多路光发射与光接收组件的场景。此时速率判断选择单元中需要增加一个控制单元，为速率判断单元配置电接口侧是几路信号，每路信号的速率及调制格式等信息，以确定电信号的总速率。具体实现方式可参考具体实施例二和具体实施例三中所述。
需要说明的是，上述各个模块是可以通过软件或硬件来实现的，对于后者，可以通过以下方式实现，但不限于此：上述模块均位于同一处理器中；或者，上述各个模块以任意组合的形式分别位于不同的处理器中。
本发明的实施例还提供了一种存储介质，该存储介质中存储有计算机程序，其中，该计算机程序被设置为运行时执行上述任一项方法实施例中的步骤。
可选地，在本实施例中，上述存储介质可以包括但不限于：U盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，简称为ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，简称为RAM)、移动硬盘、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
本发明的实施例还提供了一种电子装置，包括存储器和处理器，该存储器中存储有计算机程序，该处理器被设置为运行计算机程序以执行上述任一项方法实施例中的步骤。
可选地，上述电子装置还可以包括传输设备以及输入输出设备，其中，该传输设备和上述处理器连接，该输入输出设备和上述处理器连接。
显然，本领域的技术人员应该明白，上述的本发明的各模块或各步骤可以用通用的计算装置来实现，它们可以集中在单个的计算装置上，或者分布在多个计算装置所组成的网络上，可选地，它们可以用计算装置可执行的程序代码来实现，从而，可以将它们存储在存储装置中由计算装置来执行，并且在某些情况下，可以以不同于此处的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤，或者将它们分别制作成各个集成电路模块，或者将它们中的多个模块或步骤制作成单个集成电路模块来实现。这样，本发明不限制于任何特定的硬件和软件结合。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种光模块，包括：
    速率判断单元，设置为确定输入或输出光模块的电信号的总速率；
    调制格式选择单元，设置为根据输入所述光模块的电信号的总速率，以及预先设置的电信号总速率与调制格式之间的对应关系，确定与输入所述光模块的电信号的总速率对应的调制格式；或者，根据输出所述光模块的电信号的总速率，以及预先设置的电信号总速率与解调格式之间的对应关系，确定与输出所述光模块的电信号的总速率对应的解调格式；
    调制解调单元，设置为利用确定的调制格式对输入所述光模块的电信号进行调制；或者，利用确定的解调格式对进行光电转换后的电信号进行解调。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光模块，其中，所述调制格式选择单元还设置为：
    在确定与输入所述光模块的电信号的总速率对应的调制格式之前，根据所述光模块中的光组件支持的符号速率确定电信号总速率与调制格式之间的对应关系；或者，在确定与输出所述光模块的电信号的总速率对应的解调格式之前，根据所述光模块中的光组件支持的符号速率确定电信号总速率与解调格式之间的对应关系。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的光模块，其中，
    当输入所述光模块的电信号是一路时，输入所述光模块的电信号的总速率是所述一路的总速率；
    当输入所述光模块的电信号是两路以上时，输入所述光模块的电信号的总速率是由输入所述光模块的电信号的路数、每路电信号的速率 及调制格式来确定的。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的光模块，其中，所述调制格式选择单元设置为：
    当所述光模块中的光组件是两个以上时，根据所述光组件的数量，确定与输入所述光模块的电信号的总速率对应的调制格式或者确定与输出所述光模块的电信号的总速率对应的解调格式，其中，确定的调制或解调格式的数量为两个以上，且小于或等于所述光组件的数量。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的光模块，其中，所述调制解调单元设置为：
    利用确定的两个以上的调制格式并行对输入所述光模块的电信号进行调制；或者，利用确定的两个以上的解调格式并行对进行光电转换后的电信号进行解调。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的光模块，其中，所述光模块还包括：
    控制单元，设置为为所述速率判断单元配置电接口侧是几路信号，每路信号的速率及调制格式信息。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的光模块，其中，
    所述调制格式为基于幅度的调制格式，或者，基于幅度和相位的调制格式；
    所述解调格式为基于幅度的解调格式，或者，基于幅度和相位的解调格式。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的光模块，其中，
    当基于幅度进行调制或解调时，所述光模块中的光组件是基于强度调制、直接检测的光组件；
    当基于幅度和相位调制或解调时，所述光模块中的光组件是基于IQ调制、相干接收的光组件。
  9. 一种信号处理方法，包括：
    确定输入或输出光模块的电信号的总速率；
    根据输入所述光模块的电信号的总速率，以及预先设置的电信号总速率与调制格式之间的对应关系，确定与输入所述光模块的电信号的总速率对应的调制格式；或者，根据输出所述光模块的电信号的总速率，以及预先设置的电信号总速率与解调格式之间的对应关系，确定与输出所述光模块的电信号的总速率对应的解调格式；
    利用确定的调制格式对输入所述光模块的电信号进行调制；或者，利用确定的解调格式对进行光电转换后的电信号进行解调。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中，
    在确定与输入所述光模块的电信号的总速率对应的调制格式之前，所述方法还包括：根据所述光模块中的光组件支持的符号速率确定电信号总速率与调制格式之间的对应关系；或者，
    在确定与输出所述光模块的电信号的总速率对应的解调格式之前，所述方法还包括：根据所述光模块中的光组件支持的符号速率确定电信号总速率与解调格式之间的对应关系。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中，
    当输入所述光模块的电信号是一路时，输入所述光模块的电信号的总速率是所述一路的总速率；
    当输入所述光模块的电信号是两路以上时，输入所述光模块的电信号的总速率是由输入所述光模块的电信号的路数、每路电信号的速率 及调制格式来确定的。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中，当所述光模块中的光组件是两个以上时，
    确定与输入所述光模块的电信号的总速率对应的调制格式包括：根据所述光组件的数量，确定与输入所述光模块的电信号的总速率对应的调制格式；或者，
    确定与输出所述光模块的电信号的总速率对应的解调格式包括：根据所述光组件的数量，确定与输出所述光模块的电信号的总速率对应的解调格式；
    其中，确定的调制或解调格式的数量为两个以上，且小于或等于所述光组件的数量。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中，
    利用确定的调制格式对输入所述光模块的电信号进行调制包括：利用确定的两个以上的调制格式并行对输入所述光模块的电信号进行调制；或者，
    利用确定的解调格式对进行光电转换后的电信号进行解调包括：利用确定的两个以上的解调格式并行对进行光电转换后的电信号进行解调。
  14. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中，
    所述调制格式为基于幅度的调制格式，或者，基于幅度和相位的调制格式；
    所述解调格式为基于幅度的解调格式，或者，基于幅度和相位的解调格式。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其中，
    当基于幅度进行调制或解调时，所述光模块中的光组件是基于强度调制、直接检测的光组件；
    当基于幅度和相位调制或解调时，所述光模块中的光组件是基于IQ调制、相干接收的光组件。
  16. 一种存储介质，其特征在于，所述存储介质中存储有计算机程序，其中，所述计算机程序被设置为运行时执行所述权利要求9至15任一项中所述的方法。
  17. 一种电子装置，包括存储器和处理器，其特征在于，所述存储器中存储有计算机程序，所述处理器被设置为运行所述计算机程序以执行所述权利要求9至15任一项中所述的方法。
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CN115173936B (zh) * 2022-06-30 2023-07-21 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 一种光模块识别标记方法及装置

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