WO2019052256A1 - Protection circuit of air conditioning controller and control method thereof - Google Patents

Protection circuit of air conditioning controller and control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019052256A1
WO2019052256A1 PCT/CN2018/092605 CN2018092605W WO2019052256A1 WO 2019052256 A1 WO2019052256 A1 WO 2019052256A1 CN 2018092605 W CN2018092605 W CN 2018092605W WO 2019052256 A1 WO2019052256 A1 WO 2019052256A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
protection circuit
voltage
relay
air conditioner
conditioner controller
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PCT/CN2018/092605
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈斐
Original Assignee
广东美的制冷设备有限公司
美的集团股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2019052256A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019052256A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • H02H3/085—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current making use of a thermal sensor, e.g. thermistor, heated by the excess current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/20—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage
    • H02H3/207—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess voltage also responsive to under-voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/24—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to undervoltage or no-voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/44—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of air conditioners, and in particular to a protection circuit for an air conditioner controller and a control method for a protection circuit of an air conditioner controller.
  • the load of the air conditioner is constant, the output power remains unchanged for a short time, and the loop current suddenly increases suddenly, which often causes the air conditioner to over-current and damage its internal load or circuit board.
  • the power supply has a transient overvoltage, if the breakdown voltage of the component is exceeded at this time, the overvoltage of the air conditioner may be caused to damage the internal load or the circuit board.
  • the present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related art.
  • an aspect of the present invention is to provide a protection circuit for an air conditioner controller.
  • Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a control method of a protection circuit of an air conditioner controller.
  • the present invention provides a protection circuit for an air conditioner controller, including: a thermistor, a relay, a rectifier module, a voltage sampling module, and an MCU (Microcontroller Unit); wherein, the first input of the rectifier module The end is connected to the live end of the mains, the second input is connected to the neutral end of the mains, and the positive end of the output is connected to the MCU through the voltage sampling module; the thermistor is connected in series with the first input of the rectifier module and the live line of the mains Between the terminals; the relay is connected in parallel at both ends of the thermistor; the MCU is used to detect the DC bus voltage of the positive terminal of the output of the rectifier module, and control the on/off of the relay according to the DC bus voltage.
  • MCU Microcontroller Unit
  • the protection circuit of the air conditioner controller of the present invention when the MCU detects that the DC bus voltage is low (below the voltage threshold) through the voltage sampling module, the control is turned off, and the large current passes through the thermistor to cause the heat to be generated. Increase the resistance, limit the sudden change of current or disconnect the circuit, protect the over-current safety of the rear-stage load and the electronic control board; when the MCU detects that the DC bus voltage is too high through the voltage sampling module (higher than the voltage threshold), the control is disconnected.
  • the current passes through the thermistor to increase the internal resistance of the heat, form a voltage dividing effect, limit the sudden change of voltage and timely feedback to the MCU to turn off the load output and stop the PFC (Power Factor Correction) boost control output. It protects the life of the electronic components of the latter stage and reduces the overpressure environment, thereby prolonging the service life of the air conditioner and improving the reliability of the electronic control.
  • the protection circuit of the air conditioner controller provided by the present invention sets the thermistor in front of the rectifier module, it can protect the load corresponding to the AC and DC, and is disposed behind the rectifier module with respect to the conventional circuit. , with better protection.
  • protection circuit of the air conditioner controller according to the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
  • the voltage sampling module includes: a first resistor and a second resistor; wherein the first end of the first resistor is connected to the anode of the output of the rectifier module, and the second end is connected in series with the second resistor and grounded And the second end of the first resistor is connected to the MCU as an output of the voltage sampling module.
  • the method of dividing voltage resistance is adopted when designing the DC bus voltage detecting circuit, and the traditional voltage sensor is not used, which has the characteristics of simple structure and easy debugging, and more importantly, the hardware cost is effectively reduced.
  • the AC mains is converted to a DC voltage by the rectifier module, and the MCU detects the DC bus voltage by dividing the first resistor and the second resistor of the voltage sampling circuit.
  • the protection circuit further includes: a filter capacitor, and the filter capacitor is connected in parallel at both ends of the MCU.
  • one end of the filter capacitor is connected to the MCU, and the other end is grounded to filter out the interference signal, so that the MCU sample value is more accurate, and the MCU signal processing speed is improved.
  • the relay can be disconnected in time, the internal resistance of the thermistor is increased, and the voltage or current is abruptly changed, thereby protecting the latter electronic control element.
  • the life of the device in turn, to extend the life of the air conditioner and improve the reliability of the electronic control.
  • the protection circuit further includes: a clamping diode, the first end of the clamping diode is connected to an external power supply, the second end is grounded, and the third end is connected to the first resistor and the second resistor between.
  • the clamp diode is composed of two diodes connected in anti-parallel, and the positive terminal is connected to an external power supply, preferably 5V DC voltage, the negative terminal is grounded, and the third terminal is a two-diode parallel connection. Between a resistor and the second resistor, thereby limiting the access voltage of the MCU, keeping its operating voltage at 5V, preventing the MCU from being burned under an overvoltage environment.
  • the protection circuit further includes: an EMI (Electromagnetic Interference) filter circuit connected between the mains and the rectifier module.
  • EMI Electromagnetic Interference
  • the AC mains electricity first passes through the EMI filter circuit, and is rectified to supply the load operation, and its function is to avoid interference with the incoming after-stage load, interfere with the normal operation of the load, and improve the stability of the air conditioner. Sex and reliability.
  • the rectifier module is a bridge rectifier.
  • the rectifier module is a bridge rectifier, and the bridge rectifier converts the AC mains into a DC voltage.
  • the present invention also provides a control method for a protection circuit of an air conditioner controller, for a protection circuit of an air conditioner controller according to any one of the above technical solutions, the control method comprising: detecting a DC bus voltage; and a DC bus voltage and The preset voltage threshold is compared, and the relay is controlled to be turned on and off according to the comparison result.
  • the control when the MCU detects that the DC bus voltage is low (below the voltage threshold) through the voltage sampling module, the control is turned off, and the large current passes through the thermistor.
  • the heating internal resistance increases, limiting the sudden change of current or disconnecting the circuit, protecting the over-current load of the rear-stage load and the electronic control board; when the MCU detects that the DC bus voltage is too high through the voltage sampling module (above the voltage threshold), Control the disconnection relay.
  • the current passes through the thermistor to increase the internal resistance of the heat, form a voltage dividing effect, limit the sudden change of voltage and feed back to the MCU to turn off the load output and stop the PFC boost control output, and protect the latter stage electronic control.
  • the life of the components and the overvoltage environment are reduced, thereby extending the service life of the air conditioner and improving the reliability of the electronic control.
  • the protection circuit of the air conditioner controller provided by the present invention sets the thermistor in front of the rectifier module, it can protect the load corresponding to the AC and DC, and is disposed behind the rectifier module with respect to the conventional circuit. , with better protection.
  • the step of comparing the DC bus voltage with a preset voltage threshold, and controlling the on and off of the relay according to the comparison result specifically: when the DC bus voltage is greater than the first preset voltage threshold, the control The relay is turned off; or when the DC bus voltage is less than the second preset voltage threshold, the control relay is turned off; wherein the first preset voltage threshold is greater than the second preset voltage threshold.
  • the first preset voltage threshold is an overvoltage threshold
  • the second preset voltage threshold is an undervoltage threshold.
  • overvoltage or undervoltage occurs, it often causes damage or even damage to the load or circuit board inside the air conditioner.
  • the MCU detects that the DC bus voltage is lower than the second preset voltage threshold by the voltage sampling module, it indicates that the power supply is under voltage. At this time, the control is turned off, and the large current passes through the thermistor to increase the internal resistance of the heat.
  • the relay is controlled to be closed according to a preset hysteresis time.
  • the relay when the power supply has an overvoltage and the undervoltage control relay is turned off, the relay is closed by setting the hysteresis time, for example, 3 minutes apart, and the relay is again sucked 3 minutes after the relay is turned off.
  • the preset hysteresis time is preferably set according to a difference between the DC bus voltage and the preset voltage threshold.
  • the preset hysteresis time is not a fixed time, and the corresponding setting can be made according to the abnormality of the power supply voltage.
  • it is set based on the difference between the detected DC bus voltage and the preset voltage threshold. For example, when the difference is within 10V, the recovery time threshold is set to 3 minutes, and when the difference is between 10V and 20V, the recovery time threshold is set to 5 minutes.
  • different backhaul times can be preset according to the grid conditions in different regions.
  • the number of times the relay is turned off is recorded within a preset time, and the preset hysteresis time is set according to the frequency of the number of times.
  • the preset hysteresis time is not a fixed time, and can be set according to the frequency of the relay disconnection. Specifically, in a preset time, the number of triggers of the relay is recorded, and the time difference is set by the frequency of the number of times. At the same time, the grid condition of different regions can also be considered, and the standard of the number of triggers is set.
  • the reminder information is sent to the user and the protection code is displayed.
  • the output protection code informs the user to pay attention to the situation of the power grid, so that the abnormality of the power supply can be maintained in time, and the air conditioner system is well protected. Not to be damaged.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a protection circuit of an air conditioner controller according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing a control method of a protection circuit of an air conditioner controller according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing a control method of a protection circuit of an air conditioner controller according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing a control method of a protection circuit of an air conditioner controller according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a flow chart showing a control method of a protection circuit of an air conditioner controller according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a protection circuit of an air conditioner controller according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.
  • a protection circuit of an air conditioner controller including: a thermistor 102, a relay 104, a bridge rectifier 106, a voltage sampling module, and an MCU; wherein, the bridge type The first input end of the rectifier 106 is connected to the live end of the mains, the second input is connected to the neutral end of the mains, the positive end of the output is connected to the MCU through the voltage sampling module; the thermistor 102 is connected in series to the bridge rectifier 106.
  • the first input terminal is connected to the live terminal of the mains; the relay 104 is connected in parallel at both ends of the thermistor 102; the MCU is configured to detect the DC bus voltage of the positive terminal of the output of the bridge rectifier 106, and control the relay according to the DC bus voltage 104 on and off.
  • the protection circuit of the air conditioner controller controls the opening of the relay 104 when the MCU detects that the DC bus voltage is low (below the voltage threshold) by the voltage sampling module, and the large current passes through the thermistor 102.
  • the internal resistance of the heating increases, limiting the sudden change of current or disconnecting the circuit, protecting the over-current load of the load at the rear stage and the over-current of the electronic control board; when the MCU detects that the DC bus voltage is too high through the voltage sampling module (above the voltage threshold), the control When the relay 104 is disconnected, the current passes through the thermistor 102 to increase the internal resistance of the heat generation, forming a voltage dividing effect, limiting the sudden change of the voltage, and timely feeding back to the MCU to turn off the load output and stop the PFC boost control output, thereby protecting the post-stage power.
  • the thermistor 102 is disposed in front of the bridge rectifier 106 due to the protection circuit of the air conditioner controller provided by the present invention, it can protect the load corresponding to the AC and DC, and is disposed in relation to the conventional circuit. After the bridge rectifier 106, it has a better protection effect.
  • the voltage sampling module includes: a first resistor 108 and a second resistor 110; wherein the first end of the first resistor 108 is connected to the positive terminal of the bridge rectifier 106, and the second The terminal is grounded in series with the second resistor 110; and the second end of the first resistor 108 is connected to the MCU as an output of the voltage sampling module.
  • the DC bus voltage detecting circuit is designed to adopt a voltage dividing resistor method, and the conventional voltage sensor is not used, which has the characteristics of simple structure and easy debugging, and more importantly, the hardware cost is effectively reduced.
  • the AC mains is converted to a DC voltage by the bridge rectifier 106, and the MCU detects the DC bus voltage by dividing the first resistor 108 and the second resistor 110 of the voltage sampling circuit.
  • the protection circuit further comprises: a filter capacitor 112, the filter capacitor being connected in parallel at both ends of the MCU.
  • one end of the filter capacitor 112 is connected to the MCU, and the other end is grounded to filter out the interference signal, so that the MCU sample value is more accurate, and the MCU signal processing speed is improved.
  • the relay 104 can be disconnected in time, the internal resistance of the thermistor 102 is increased, and the voltage or current is abruptly changed, thereby protecting the latter stage. Control the life of components, thereby extending the service life of air conditioners and improving the reliability of electronic control.
  • the protection circuit further includes: a clamping diode 114, the first end of the clamping diode 114 is connected to an external power supply, the second end is grounded, and the third end is connected to the first resistor 108. Between the second resistor 110 and the second resistor 110.
  • the clamping diode 114 is composed of two diodes connected in anti-parallel, the positive terminal is connected to an external power supply, preferably 5V DC voltage, the negative terminal is grounded, and the third terminal is a two-diode parallel connection.
  • the first resistor 108 is connected to the second resistor 110, thereby limiting the access voltage of the MCU, and maintaining the operating voltage at 5V to prevent the MCU from being burned in an overvoltage environment.
  • the protection circuit further includes an EMI filter circuit 116 coupled between the mains and the bridge rectifier 106.
  • the AC mains power first passes through the EMI filter circuit 116, and then rectifies and supplies the load to operate, the function of which is to avoid interference with the incoming after-stage load, interfere with the normal operation of the load, and improve the air conditioner. Stability and reliability.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing a control method of a protection circuit of an air conditioner controller according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the control method is used for the protection circuit of the air conditioner controller in the above embodiment, and the control method includes:
  • Step 202 detecting a DC bus voltage
  • Step 204 Compare the DC bus voltage with a preset voltage threshold, and control the on and off of the relay according to the comparison result.
  • the control method for the protection circuit of the air conditioner controller controls the disconnection relay when the MCU detects that the DC bus voltage is low (below the voltage threshold) through the voltage sampling module, and the large current passes through the thermistor
  • the heating internal resistance increases, limiting the sudden change of current or disconnecting the circuit, protecting the over-current load of the rear-stage load and the electronic control board; when the MCU detects that the DC bus voltage is too high through the voltage sampling module (above the voltage threshold), Control the disconnection relay.
  • the current passes through the thermistor to increase the internal resistance of the heat, form a voltage dividing effect, limit the sudden change of voltage and feed back to the MCU to turn off the load output and stop the PFC boost control output, and protect the latter stage electronic control.
  • the life of the components and the overvoltage environment are reduced, thereby extending the service life of the air conditioner and improving the reliability of the electronic control.
  • the protection circuit of the air conditioner controller provided by the present invention sets the thermistor in front of the rectifier module, it can protect the load corresponding to the AC and DC, and is disposed behind the rectifier module with respect to the conventional circuit. , with better protection.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing a control method of a protection circuit of an air conditioner controller according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the control method is used for the protection circuit of the air conditioner controller in the above embodiment, and the control method includes:
  • Step 302 detecting a DC bus voltage
  • Step 304 comparing a DC bus voltage with a preset voltage threshold
  • Step 306 when the DC bus voltage is greater than the first preset voltage threshold, the control relay is turned off;
  • Step 308 when the DC bus voltage is less than the second preset voltage threshold, the control relay is turned off;
  • the first preset voltage threshold is greater than the second preset voltage threshold.
  • the first preset voltage threshold is an overvoltage threshold and the second predetermined voltage threshold is an undervoltage threshold.
  • overvoltage or undervoltage occurs, it often causes damage or even damage to the load or circuit board inside the air conditioner.
  • the MCU detects that the DC bus voltage is lower than the second preset voltage threshold by the voltage sampling module, it indicates that the power supply is under voltage. At this time, the control is turned off, and the large current passes through the thermistor to increase the internal resistance of the heat.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing a control method of a protection circuit of an air conditioner controller according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the control method is used for the protection circuit of the air conditioner controller in the above embodiment, and the control method includes:
  • Step 402 detecting a DC bus voltage
  • Step 404 comparing the DC bus voltage with a preset voltage threshold
  • Step 406 when the DC bus voltage is greater than the first preset voltage threshold, the control relay is turned off;
  • Step 408 when the DC bus voltage is less than the second preset voltage threshold, the control relay is turned off;
  • Step 410 after the control relay is turned off, the relay is controlled to be closed according to the preset hysteresis time;
  • the first preset voltage threshold is greater than the second preset voltage threshold.
  • the relay when an overvoltage occurs in the power supply and the undervoltage control relay is turned off, the relay is closed by setting the hysteresis time, for example, 3 minutes apart, and the relay is again sucked 3 minutes after the relay is turned off.
  • the thresholds of the tripping relay and the pull-in relay of the DC bus voltage undervoltage and overvoltage are set, and the recovery time threshold is set. For example, when the DC bus voltage is lower than 130V, the relay is turned off, and when the DC bus voltage is higher than 150V, the relay is turned off, and the interval is 2 minutes.
  • the preset hysteresis time is set according to a difference between the DC bus voltage and the preset voltage threshold.
  • the preset hysteresis time is not a fixed time, and the corresponding setting may be made according to the abnormality of the power supply voltage. Preferably, it is set according to the difference between the detected DC bus voltage and the preset voltage threshold. For example, when the difference is within 10V, the recovery time threshold is set to 3 minutes, and when the difference is between 10V and 20V, the recovery time threshold is set to 5 minutes. At the same time, different backhaul times can be preset according to the grid conditions in different regions.
  • the number of times the relay is turned off is recorded within a preset time, and the preset hysteresis time is set according to the frequency of the number of times.
  • the preset hysteresis time is not a fixed time and can be set according to the frequency of the relay disconnection. Specifically, in a preset time, the number of triggers of the relay is recorded, and the time difference is set by the frequency of the number of times. At the same time, the grid condition of different regions can also be considered, and the standard of the number of triggers is set.
  • the user is alerted and the protection code is displayed.
  • the output protection code informs the user to pay attention to the power grid condition, so that the abnormality of the power supply can be maintained in time, and the air conditioner system is well protected. Not to be damaged.
  • FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing a control method of a protection circuit of an air conditioner controller according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the control method is used for the protection circuit of the air conditioner controller in the above embodiment, and the control method includes:
  • Step 502 detecting a DC bus voltage
  • Step 504 comparing the DC bus voltage with a preset voltage threshold
  • Step 506 when the DC bus voltage is greater than 150V, the control relay is turned off;
  • Step 508 when the DC bus voltage is less than 90V, the control relay is turned off;
  • Step 510 after the relay is turned off for 3 minutes, the control relay is closed;
  • Step 512 recording the number of times the relay is triggered, and determining whether the number of times the relay is triggered in 15 minutes is greater than 5 times;
  • Step 514 when the determination result is yes, sending a reminder message to the user and displaying a protection code
  • the output protection code informs the user to pay attention to the power grid.
  • the abnormality of the power supply can be maintained in time, and the air conditioner system can be well protected from damage.

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  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

The prevent invention provides a protection circuit of an air conditioning controller and a control method thereof. The protection circuit of the air conditioning controller comprises: a thermistor, a relay, a rectifier module, a voltage sampling module, and an MCU. A first input end of the rectifier module is connected to a live end of grid power. A second input end thereof is connected to a neutral end of grid power, and a positive electrode of the output end of the rectifier module is connected to the MCU by means of the voltage sampling module. The thermistor is connected in series between the first input end of the rectifier module and the live end of grid power. The relay is connected in parallel at two ends of the thermistor. The MCU is configured to detect a DC bus voltage of a positive electrode at the output end of the rectifier module, and to turn the relay on and off according to the DC bus voltage. The protection circuit of the present invention turns off the relay in a timely manner if it is found that a power supply is at over voltage or under voltage. The internal resistance of the thermistor increases as the temperature of the thermistor increases, thereby preventing sudden changes to a current or a voltage and achieving the goal of protecting a rear load. The invention improves the service life of an air conditioner and the reliability of electronic control.

Description

空调控制器的保护电路及其控制方法Protection circuit of air conditioner controller and control method thereof
本申请要求于2017年9月13日提交中国专利局、申请号为201710823369.6、发明名称为“空调控制器的保护电路及其控制方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。This application claims the priority of the Chinese Patent Application filed on Sep. 13, 2017, the Chinese Patent Application No. PCT Application No. In this application.
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及空调器技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种空调控制器的保护电路、一种空调控制器的保护电路的控制方法。The present invention relates to the technical field of air conditioners, and in particular to a protection circuit for an air conditioner controller and a control method for a protection circuit of an air conditioner controller.
背景技术Background technique
当电源出现瞬时欠压时，由于此时空调器的负载不变、输出功率短时间保持不变、回路电流瞬间突变增大，往往会导致空调器的过流而损坏其内部的负载或电路板；当电源出现瞬时过压时，此时若超过元器件的耐压值，往往会导致空调器的过压而损坏其内部的负载或电路板。When the power supply has a transient undervoltage, the load of the air conditioner is constant, the output power remains unchanged for a short time, and the loop current suddenly increases suddenly, which often causes the air conditioner to over-current and damage its internal load or circuit board. When the power supply has a transient overvoltage, if the breakdown voltage of the component is exceeded at this time, the overvoltage of the air conditioner may be caused to damage the internal load or the circuit board.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术或相关技术中存在的技术问题之一。The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related art.
为此，本发明的一方面在于提出了一种空调控制器的保护电路。To this end, an aspect of the present invention is to provide a protection circuit for an air conditioner controller.
本发明的另一方面在于提出了一种空调控制器的保护电路的控制方法。Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a control method of a protection circuit of an air conditioner controller.
有鉴于此，本发明提出了一种空调控制器的保护电路，包括：热敏电阻、继电器、整流模块、电压采样模块和MCU(Microcontroller Unit，微控制单元)；其中，整流模块的第一输入端连接市电的火线端，其第二输入端连接市电的零线端，其输出端正极通过电压采样模块连接到MCU；热敏电阻串联在整流模块的第一输入端与市电的火线端之间；继电器并联连接在热敏电阻的两端；MCU用于检测整流模块的输出端正极的直流母线电 压，并根据直流母线电压控制继电器的通断。In view of this, the present invention provides a protection circuit for an air conditioner controller, including: a thermistor, a relay, a rectifier module, a voltage sampling module, and an MCU (Microcontroller Unit); wherein, the first input of the rectifier module The end is connected to the live end of the mains, the second input is connected to the neutral end of the mains, and the positive end of the output is connected to the MCU through the voltage sampling module; the thermistor is connected in series with the first input of the rectifier module and the live line of the mains Between the terminals; the relay is connected in parallel at both ends of the thermistor; the MCU is used to detect the DC bus voltage of the positive terminal of the output of the rectifier module, and control the on/off of the relay according to the DC bus voltage.
根据本发明的空调控制器的保护电路，当MCU通过电压采样模块检测到直流母线电压偏低时(低于电压阀值)，控制断开继电器，此时大电流经过热敏电阻使其发热内阻增大，限制电流突变或者断开回路，保护后级负载和电控板的过流安全；当MCU通过电压采样模块检测到直流母线电压过高时(高于电压阀值)，控制断开继电器，此时电流经过热敏电阻使其发热内阻增大、形成分压作用，限制电压突变并及时反馈给MCU关掉负载输出和停止PFC(Power Factor Correction，功率因数校正)升压控制输出，保护后级电控元器件的寿命、减少过压环境，从而延长空调器的使用寿命、提高电控的可靠性。并且，由于本发明提供的空调控制器的保护电路，将热敏电阻设置在整流模块之前，因此对于交直流所对应的负载都可以起到保护作用，相对于传统电路将其设置在整流模块之后，具有更好的保护效果。According to the protection circuit of the air conditioner controller of the present invention, when the MCU detects that the DC bus voltage is low (below the voltage threshold) through the voltage sampling module, the control is turned off, and the large current passes through the thermistor to cause the heat to be generated. Increase the resistance, limit the sudden change of current or disconnect the circuit, protect the over-current safety of the rear-stage load and the electronic control board; when the MCU detects that the DC bus voltage is too high through the voltage sampling module (higher than the voltage threshold), the control is disconnected. Relay, at this time, the current passes through the thermistor to increase the internal resistance of the heat, form a voltage dividing effect, limit the sudden change of voltage and timely feedback to the MCU to turn off the load output and stop the PFC (Power Factor Correction) boost control output. It protects the life of the electronic components of the latter stage and reduces the overpressure environment, thereby prolonging the service life of the air conditioner and improving the reliability of the electronic control. Moreover, since the protection circuit of the air conditioner controller provided by the present invention sets the thermistor in front of the rectifier module, it can protect the load corresponding to the AC and DC, and is disposed behind the rectifier module with respect to the conventional circuit. , with better protection.
另外，根据本发明上述的空调控制器的保护电路，还可以具有如下附加的技术特征：In addition, the protection circuit of the air conditioner controller according to the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
在上述技术方案中，优选地，电压采样模块包括：第一电阻、第二电阻；其中，第一电阻的第一端连接在整流模块的输出端正极，第二端与第二电阻串联后接地；以及第一电阻的第二端作为电压采样模块的输出端连接到MCU。In the above technical solution, preferably, the voltage sampling module includes: a first resistor and a second resistor; wherein the first end of the first resistor is connected to the anode of the output of the rectifier module, and the second end is connected in series with the second resistor and grounded And the second end of the first resistor is connected to the MCU as an output of the voltage sampling module.
在该技术方案中，设计直流母线电压检测电路时采用了分压电阻的方法，而没有采用传统的电压传感器，具有结构简单、易于调试的特点，更重要的是有效地降低了硬件成本。具体而言，交流市电经整流模块后变为直流电压，MCU通过电压采样电路第一电阻和第二电阻分压检测到直流母线电压。In this technical solution, the method of dividing voltage resistance is adopted when designing the DC bus voltage detecting circuit, and the traditional voltage sensor is not used, which has the characteristics of simple structure and easy debugging, and more importantly, the hardware cost is effectively reduced. Specifically, the AC mains is converted to a DC voltage by the rectifier module, and the MCU detects the DC bus voltage by dividing the first resistor and the second resistor of the voltage sampling circuit.
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，该保护电路还包括：滤波电容，滤波电容并联在MCU的两端。In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, the protection circuit further includes: a filter capacitor, and the filter capacitor is connected in parallel at both ends of the MCU.
在该技术方案中，滤波电容的一端连接MCU，另一端接地，用于滤除干扰信号，以使MCU采样值更加精准，并提高MCU信号处理速度。于整个保护电路而言，在直流母线电压异常时(如过压或欠压)，能够及时断 开继电器，使热敏电阻内阻增大，限制电压或电流突变，从而保护后级电控元器件的寿命，进而实现延长空调器的使用寿命、提高电控的可靠性。In the technical solution, one end of the filter capacitor is connected to the MCU, and the other end is grounded to filter out the interference signal, so that the MCU sample value is more accurate, and the MCU signal processing speed is improved. In the whole protection circuit, when the DC bus voltage is abnormal (such as overvoltage or undervoltage), the relay can be disconnected in time, the internal resistance of the thermistor is increased, and the voltage or current is abruptly changed, thereby protecting the latter electronic control element. The life of the device, in turn, to extend the life of the air conditioner and improve the reliability of the electronic control.
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，该保护电路还包括：钳位二极管，该钳位二极管的第一端连接外接电源，第二端接地，第三端连接在第一电阻与第二电阻之间。In any one of the above aspects, preferably, the protection circuit further includes: a clamping diode, the first end of the clamping diode is connected to an external power supply, the second end is grounded, and the third end is connected to the first resistor and the second resistor between.
在该技术方案中，钳位二极管由两个二极管反向并联组成，正极端连接外接电源，优选地为5V直流电压，负极端接地，第三端即为两个二极管并联的公接点连接在第一电阻与第二电阻之间，从而限制MCU的接入电压，使其工作电压保持在5V，防止过压环境下烧毁MCU。In the technical solution, the clamp diode is composed of two diodes connected in anti-parallel, and the positive terminal is connected to an external power supply, preferably 5V DC voltage, the negative terminal is grounded, and the third terminal is a two-diode parallel connection. Between a resistor and the second resistor, thereby limiting the access voltage of the MCU, keeping its operating voltage at 5V, preventing the MCU from being burned under an overvoltage environment.
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，该保护电路还包括：EMI(Electromagnetic Interference，电磁干扰)滤波电路，连接在市电与整流模块之间。In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, the protection circuit further includes: an EMI (Electromagnetic Interference) filter circuit connected between the mains and the rectifier module.
在该技术方案中，在整个保护电路中，交流市电首先经过EMI滤波电路后，经过整流供给负载运行，其作用是避免干扰传入后级负载，干扰负载正常工作，能够提高空调器的稳定性与可靠性。In the technical solution, in the entire protection circuit, the AC mains electricity first passes through the EMI filter circuit, and is rectified to supply the load operation, and its function is to avoid interference with the incoming after-stage load, interfere with the normal operation of the load, and improve the stability of the air conditioner. Sex and reliability.
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，整流模块为桥式整流器。In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, the rectifier module is a bridge rectifier.
在该技术方案中，整流模块为桥式整流器，桥式整流器将交流市电转化为直流电压。In this technical solution, the rectifier module is a bridge rectifier, and the bridge rectifier converts the AC mains into a DC voltage.
本发明还提出了一种空调控制器的保护电路的控制方法，用于如上述技术方案中任一项的空调控制器的保护电路，该控制方法包括：检测直流母线电压；将直流母线电压与预设电压阈值进行比较，并根据比较结果控制继电器的通断。The present invention also provides a control method for a protection circuit of an air conditioner controller, for a protection circuit of an air conditioner controller according to any one of the above technical solutions, the control method comprising: detecting a DC bus voltage; and a DC bus voltage and The preset voltage threshold is compared, and the relay is controlled to be turned on and off according to the comparison result.
根据本发明的空调控制器的保护电路的控制方法，当MCU通过电压采样模块检测到直流母线电压偏低时(低于电压阀值)，控制断开继电器，此时大电流经过热敏电阻使其发热内阻增大，限制电流突变或者断开回路，保护后级负载和电控板的过流安全；当MCU通过电压采样模块检测到直流母线电压过高时(高于电压阀值)，控制断开继电器，此时电流经过热敏电阻使其发热内阻增大、形成分压作用，限制电压突变并及时反馈给MCU关掉负载输出和停止PFC升压控制输出，保护后级电控元器件的寿 命、减少过压环境，从而延长空调器的使用寿命、提高电控的可靠性。并且，由于本发明提供的空调控制器的保护电路，将热敏电阻设置在整流模块之前，因此对于交直流所对应的负载都可以起到保护作用，相对于传统电路将其设置在整流模块之后，具有更好的保护效果。According to the control method of the protection circuit of the air conditioner controller according to the present invention, when the MCU detects that the DC bus voltage is low (below the voltage threshold) through the voltage sampling module, the control is turned off, and the large current passes through the thermistor. The heating internal resistance increases, limiting the sudden change of current or disconnecting the circuit, protecting the over-current load of the rear-stage load and the electronic control board; when the MCU detects that the DC bus voltage is too high through the voltage sampling module (above the voltage threshold), Control the disconnection relay. At this time, the current passes through the thermistor to increase the internal resistance of the heat, form a voltage dividing effect, limit the sudden change of voltage and feed back to the MCU to turn off the load output and stop the PFC boost control output, and protect the latter stage electronic control. The life of the components and the overvoltage environment are reduced, thereby extending the service life of the air conditioner and improving the reliability of the electronic control. Moreover, since the protection circuit of the air conditioner controller provided by the present invention sets the thermistor in front of the rectifier module, it can protect the load corresponding to the AC and DC, and is disposed behind the rectifier module with respect to the conventional circuit. , with better protection.
在上述技术方案中，优选地，将直流母线电压与预设电压阈值进行比较，并根据比较结果控制继电器的通断的步骤，具体包括：当直流母线电压大于第一预设电压阈值时，控制继电器断开；或当直流母线电压小于第二预设电压阈值时，控制继电器断开；其中，第一预设电压阈值大于第二预设电压阈值。In the above technical solution, preferably, the step of comparing the DC bus voltage with a preset voltage threshold, and controlling the on and off of the relay according to the comparison result, specifically: when the DC bus voltage is greater than the first preset voltage threshold, the control The relay is turned off; or when the DC bus voltage is less than the second preset voltage threshold, the control relay is turned off; wherein the first preset voltage threshold is greater than the second preset voltage threshold.
在该技术方案中，第一预设电压阈值为过压阈值，第二预设电压阈值为欠压阈值。出现过压、欠压时，往往会引起空调器内部的负载或电路板出现故障甚至损坏。当MCU通过电压采样模块检测到直流母线电压低于第二预设电压阀值时，说明电源出现欠压情况，此时控制断开继电器，大电流经过热敏电阻使其发热内阻增大，限制电流突变或者断开回路，保护后级负载和电控板的过流安全；当MCU通过电压采样模块检测到直流母线电压高于第一预设电压阀值，说明电源出现过压情况，此时控制断开继电器，电流经过热敏电阻使其发热内阻增大、形成分压作用，限制电压突变并及时反馈给MCU关掉负载输出和停止PFC升压控制输出，保护后级电控元器件的寿命、减少过压环境，从而延长空调器的使用寿命、提高电控的可靠性。In this technical solution, the first preset voltage threshold is an overvoltage threshold, and the second preset voltage threshold is an undervoltage threshold. When overvoltage or undervoltage occurs, it often causes damage or even damage to the load or circuit board inside the air conditioner. When the MCU detects that the DC bus voltage is lower than the second preset voltage threshold by the voltage sampling module, it indicates that the power supply is under voltage. At this time, the control is turned off, and the large current passes through the thermistor to increase the internal resistance of the heat. Limiting the sudden change of current or disconnecting the circuit, protecting the over-current safety of the rear-stage load and the electronic control board; when the MCU detects that the DC bus voltage is higher than the first preset voltage threshold by the voltage sampling module, it indicates that the power supply has an over-voltage condition. When the control is turned off, the current passes through the thermistor to increase the internal resistance of the heat generation, forming a voltage dividing effect, limiting the sudden change of voltage and feeding back to the MCU to turn off the load output and stop the PFC boost control output, and protect the latter electronic control element. The life of the device and the overvoltage environment are reduced, thereby extending the service life of the air conditioner and improving the reliability of the electronic control.
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，在控制继电器断开之后，按照预设回差时间控制继电器闭合。In any of the above aspects, preferably, after the control relay is turned off, the relay is controlled to be closed according to a preset hysteresis time.
在该技术方案中，当电源出现过压、欠压控制继电器断开后，通过设置回差时间控制继电器闭合，例如间隔3分钟，当继电器断开后3分钟再次吸合继电器。In this technical solution, when the power supply has an overvoltage and the undervoltage control relay is turned off, the relay is closed by setting the hysteresis time, for example, 3 minutes apart, and the relay is again sucked 3 minutes after the relay is turned off.
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，根据直流母线电压与预设电压阈值的差值，设置预设回差时间。In any of the above technical solutions, the preset hysteresis time is preferably set according to a difference between the DC bus voltage and the preset voltage threshold.
在该技术方案中，预设回差时间并非一个固定的时间，可以根据电源电压异常程度进行相应的设置。优选地，根据检测到的直流母线电压与预 设电压阈值的差值来设置。例如，差值在10V以内时，设置恢复时间阈值为3分钟，差值在10V至20V之间时，设置恢复时间阈值为5分钟。与此同时，还可以根据不同地区的电网情况，预设不同的回差时间。In this technical solution, the preset hysteresis time is not a fixed time, and the corresponding setting can be made according to the abnormality of the power supply voltage. Preferably, it is set based on the difference between the detected DC bus voltage and the preset voltage threshold. For example, when the difference is within 10V, the recovery time threshold is set to 3 minutes, and when the difference is between 10V and 20V, the recovery time threshold is set to 5 minutes. At the same time, different backhaul times can be preset according to the grid conditions in different regions.
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，在预设时间内，记录继电器断开的次数，以及根据次数的频繁程度，设置预设回差时间。In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, the number of times the relay is turned off is recorded within a preset time, and the preset hysteresis time is set according to the frequency of the number of times.
在该技术方案中，预设回差时间并非一个固定的时间，可以根据继电器断开的频繁程度来进行设置。具体而言，在一个预设时间内，记录继电器的触发次数，通过次数的频繁程度设置回差时间，同时，还可以考虑不同地区的电网情况，对触发次数的标准进行设置。In this technical solution, the preset hysteresis time is not a fixed time, and can be set according to the frequency of the relay disconnection. Specifically, in a preset time, the number of triggers of the relay is recorded, and the time difference is set by the frequency of the number of times. At the same time, the grid condition of different regions can also be considered, and the standard of the number of triggers is set.
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，当次数达到预设次数阈值时，向用户发出提醒信息并显示保护代码。In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, when the number of times reaches the preset number of times threshold, the reminder information is sent to the user and the protection code is displayed.
在该技术方案中，在预设时间内，当继电器的触发次数超过预设次数时，输出保护代码告知用户关注电网情况，从而可以使电源异常情况及时得到维护，很好的保护空调器系统，不至于损毁。In the technical solution, when the number of times of triggering of the relay exceeds a preset number of times within a preset time, the output protection code informs the user to pay attention to the situation of the power grid, so that the abnormality of the power supply can be maintained in time, and the air conditioner system is well protected. Not to be damaged.
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述部分中变得明显，或通过本发明的实践了解到。Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the description of the invention.
附图说明DRAWINGS
本发明的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from
图1示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的空调控制器的保护电路的示意图；1 shows a schematic diagram of a protection circuit of an air conditioner controller according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的空调控制器的保护电路的控制方法的流程示意图；2 is a flow chart showing a control method of a protection circuit of an air conditioner controller according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3示出了根据本发明的另一个实施例的空调控制器的保护电路的控制方法的流程示意图；3 is a flow chart showing a control method of a protection circuit of an air conditioner controller according to another embodiment of the present invention;
图4示出了根据本发明的再一个实施例的空调控制器的保护电路的控制方法的流程示意图；4 is a flow chart showing a control method of a protection circuit of an air conditioner controller according to still another embodiment of the present invention;
图5示出了根据本发明的一个具体实施例的空调控制器的保护电路的 控制方法的流程示意图。Fig. 5 is a flow chart showing a control method of a protection circuit of an air conditioner controller according to an embodiment of the present invention.
其中，图1中附图标记与部件名称之间的对应关系为：Wherein, the correspondence between the reference numerals and the component names in FIG. 1 is:
102热敏电阻，104继电器，106桥式整流器，108第一电阻，110第二电阻，112滤波电容，114钳位二极管，116EMI滤波电路。102 thermistor, 104 relay, 106 bridge rectifier, 108 first resistor, 110 second resistor, 112 filter capacitor, 114 clamp diode, 116 EMI filter circuit.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了能够更清楚地理解本发明的上述目的、特征和优点，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进行进一步的详细描述。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明，但是，本发明还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的其他方式来实施，因此，本发明的保护范围并不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a full understanding of the invention, but the invention may be practiced otherwise than as described herein. Limitations of the embodiments.
下面参照图1描述根据本发明的一个实施例的空调控制器的保护电路。A protection circuit of an air conditioner controller according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.
如图1所示，根据本发明的一个实施例，提出了一种空调控制器的保护电路，包括：热敏电阻102、继电器104、桥式整流器106、电压采样模块和MCU；其中，桥式整流器106的第一输入端连接市电的火线端，其第二输入端连接市电的零线端，其输出端正极通过电压采样模块连接到MCU；热敏电阻102串联在桥式整流器106的第一输入端与市电的火线端之间；继电器104并联连接在热敏电阻102的两端；MCU用于检测桥式整流器106的输出端正极的直流母线电压，并根据直流母线电压控制继电器104的通断。As shown in FIG. 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a protection circuit of an air conditioner controller is provided, including: a thermistor 102, a relay 104, a bridge rectifier 106, a voltage sampling module, and an MCU; wherein, the bridge type The first input end of the rectifier 106 is connected to the live end of the mains, the second input is connected to the neutral end of the mains, the positive end of the output is connected to the MCU through the voltage sampling module; the thermistor 102 is connected in series to the bridge rectifier 106. The first input terminal is connected to the live terminal of the mains; the relay 104 is connected in parallel at both ends of the thermistor 102; the MCU is configured to detect the DC bus voltage of the positive terminal of the output of the bridge rectifier 106, and control the relay according to the DC bus voltage 104 on and off.
本发明提供的空调控制器的保护电路，当MCU通过电压采样模块检测到直流母线电压偏低时(低于电压阀值)，控制断开继电器104，此时大电流经过热敏电阻102使其发热内阻增大，限制电流突变或者断开回路，保护后级负载和电控板的过流安全；当MCU通过电压采样模块检测到直流母线电压过高时(高于电压阀值)，控制断开继电器104，此时电流经过热敏电阻102使其发热内阻增大、形成分压作用，限制电压突变并及时反馈给MCU关掉负载输出和停止PFC升压控制输出，保护后级电控元器 件的寿命、减少过压环境，从而延长空调器的使用寿命、提高电控的可靠性。并且，由于本发明提供的空调控制器的保护电路，将热敏电阻102设置在桥式整流器106之前，因此对于交直流所对应的负载都可以起到保护作用，相对于传统电路将其设置在桥式整流器106之后，具有更好的保护效果。The protection circuit of the air conditioner controller provided by the present invention controls the opening of the relay 104 when the MCU detects that the DC bus voltage is low (below the voltage threshold) by the voltage sampling module, and the large current passes through the thermistor 102. The internal resistance of the heating increases, limiting the sudden change of current or disconnecting the circuit, protecting the over-current load of the load at the rear stage and the over-current of the electronic control board; when the MCU detects that the DC bus voltage is too high through the voltage sampling module (above the voltage threshold), the control When the relay 104 is disconnected, the current passes through the thermistor 102 to increase the internal resistance of the heat generation, forming a voltage dividing effect, limiting the sudden change of the voltage, and timely feeding back to the MCU to turn off the load output and stop the PFC boost control output, thereby protecting the post-stage power. Control the life of components and reduce the overpressure environment, thus extending the service life of air conditioners and improving the reliability of electronic control. Moreover, since the thermistor 102 is disposed in front of the bridge rectifier 106 due to the protection circuit of the air conditioner controller provided by the present invention, it can protect the load corresponding to the AC and DC, and is disposed in relation to the conventional circuit. After the bridge rectifier 106, it has a better protection effect.
在本发明的一个实施例中，优选地，电压采样模块包括：第一电阻108、第二电阻110；其中，第一电阻108的第一端连接在桥式整流器106的输出端正极，第二端与第二电阻110串联后接地；以及第一电阻108的第二端作为电压采样模块的输出端连接到MCU。In one embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the voltage sampling module includes: a first resistor 108 and a second resistor 110; wherein the first end of the first resistor 108 is connected to the positive terminal of the bridge rectifier 106, and the second The terminal is grounded in series with the second resistor 110; and the second end of the first resistor 108 is connected to the MCU as an output of the voltage sampling module.
在该实施例中，设计直流母线电压检测电路时采用了分压电阻的方法，而没有采用传统的电压传感器，具有结构简单、易于调试的特点，更重要的是有效地降低了硬件成本。具体而言，交流市电经桥式整流器106后变为直流电压，MCU通过电压采样电路第一电阻108和第二电阻110分压检测到直流母线电压。In this embodiment, the DC bus voltage detecting circuit is designed to adopt a voltage dividing resistor method, and the conventional voltage sensor is not used, which has the characteristics of simple structure and easy debugging, and more importantly, the hardware cost is effectively reduced. Specifically, the AC mains is converted to a DC voltage by the bridge rectifier 106, and the MCU detects the DC bus voltage by dividing the first resistor 108 and the second resistor 110 of the voltage sampling circuit.
在本发明的一个实施例中，优选地，该保护电路还包括：滤波电容112，滤波电容并联在MCU的两端。In an embodiment of the invention, preferably, the protection circuit further comprises: a filter capacitor 112, the filter capacitor being connected in parallel at both ends of the MCU.
在该实施例中，滤波电容112的一端连接MCU，另一端接地，用于滤除干扰信号，以使MCU采样值更加精准，并提高MCU信号处理速度。于整个保护电路而言，在直流母线电压异常时(如过压或欠压)，能够及时断开继电器104，使热敏电阻102内阻增大，限制电压或电流突变，从而保护后级电控元器件的寿命，进而实现延长空调器的使用寿命、提高电控的可靠性。In this embodiment, one end of the filter capacitor 112 is connected to the MCU, and the other end is grounded to filter out the interference signal, so that the MCU sample value is more accurate, and the MCU signal processing speed is improved. In the whole protection circuit, when the DC bus voltage is abnormal (such as overvoltage or undervoltage), the relay 104 can be disconnected in time, the internal resistance of the thermistor 102 is increased, and the voltage or current is abruptly changed, thereby protecting the latter stage. Control the life of components, thereby extending the service life of air conditioners and improving the reliability of electronic control.
在本发明的一个实施例中，优选地，该保护电路还包括：钳位二极管114，该钳位二极管114的第一端连接外接电源，第二端接地，第三端连接在第一电阻108与第二电阻110之间。In an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the protection circuit further includes: a clamping diode 114, the first end of the clamping diode 114 is connected to an external power supply, the second end is grounded, and the third end is connected to the first resistor 108. Between the second resistor 110 and the second resistor 110.
在该实施例中，钳位二极管114由两个二极管反向并联组成，正极端连接外接电源，优选地为5V直流电压，负极端接地，第三端即为两个二极管并联的公接点连接在第一电阻108与第二电阻110之间，从而限制MCU的接入电压，使其工作电压保持在5V，防止过压环境下烧毁MCU。In this embodiment, the clamping diode 114 is composed of two diodes connected in anti-parallel, the positive terminal is connected to an external power supply, preferably 5V DC voltage, the negative terminal is grounded, and the third terminal is a two-diode parallel connection. The first resistor 108 is connected to the second resistor 110, thereby limiting the access voltage of the MCU, and maintaining the operating voltage at 5V to prevent the MCU from being burned in an overvoltage environment.
在本发明的一个实施例中，优选地，该保护电路还包括：EMI滤波电路116，连接在市电与桥式整流器106之间。In an embodiment of the invention, preferably, the protection circuit further includes an EMI filter circuit 116 coupled between the mains and the bridge rectifier 106.
在该实施例中，在整个保护电路中，交流市电首先经过EMI滤波电路116后，再经过整流供给负载运行，其作用是避免干扰传入后级负载，干扰负载正常工作，能够提高空调器的稳定性与可靠性。In this embodiment, in the entire protection circuit, the AC mains power first passes through the EMI filter circuit 116, and then rectifies and supplies the load to operate, the function of which is to avoid interference with the incoming after-stage load, interfere with the normal operation of the load, and improve the air conditioner. Stability and reliability.
如图2所示，根据本发明的一个实施例的空调控制器的保护电路的控制方法的流程示意图。其中，该控制方法，用于如上述实施例中的空调控制器的保护电路，该控制方法包括：2 is a flow chart showing a control method of a protection circuit of an air conditioner controller according to an embodiment of the present invention. The control method is used for the protection circuit of the air conditioner controller in the above embodiment, and the control method includes:
步骤202，检测直流母线电压； Step 202, detecting a DC bus voltage;
步骤204，将直流母线电压与预设电压阈值进行比较，并根据比较结果控制继电器的通断。Step 204: Compare the DC bus voltage with a preset voltage threshold, and control the on and off of the relay according to the comparison result.
本发明提供的空调控制器的保护电路的控制方法，当MCU通过电压采样模块检测到直流母线电压偏低时(低于电压阀值)，控制断开继电器，此时大电流经过热敏电阻使其发热内阻增大，限制电流突变或者断开回路，保护后级负载和电控板的过流安全；当MCU通过电压采样模块检测到直流母线电压过高时(高于电压阀值)，控制断开继电器，此时电流经过热敏电阻使其发热内阻增大、形成分压作用，限制电压突变并及时反馈给MCU关掉负载输出和停止PFC升压控制输出，保护后级电控元器件的寿命、减少过压环境，从而延长空调器的使用寿命、提高电控的可靠性。并且，由于本发明提供的空调控制器的保护电路，将热敏电阻设置在整流模块之前，因此对于交直流所对应的负载都可以起到保护作用，相对于传统电路将其设置在整流模块之后，具有更好的保护效果。The control method for the protection circuit of the air conditioner controller provided by the present invention controls the disconnection relay when the MCU detects that the DC bus voltage is low (below the voltage threshold) through the voltage sampling module, and the large current passes through the thermistor The heating internal resistance increases, limiting the sudden change of current or disconnecting the circuit, protecting the over-current load of the rear-stage load and the electronic control board; when the MCU detects that the DC bus voltage is too high through the voltage sampling module (above the voltage threshold), Control the disconnection relay. At this time, the current passes through the thermistor to increase the internal resistance of the heat, form a voltage dividing effect, limit the sudden change of voltage and feed back to the MCU to turn off the load output and stop the PFC boost control output, and protect the latter stage electronic control. The life of the components and the overvoltage environment are reduced, thereby extending the service life of the air conditioner and improving the reliability of the electronic control. Moreover, since the protection circuit of the air conditioner controller provided by the present invention sets the thermistor in front of the rectifier module, it can protect the load corresponding to the AC and DC, and is disposed behind the rectifier module with respect to the conventional circuit. , with better protection.
如图3所示，根据本发明的另一个实施例的空调控制器的保护电路的控制方法的流程示意图。其中，该控制方法，用于如上述实施例中的空调控制器的保护电路，该控制方法包括：FIG. 3 is a flow chart showing a control method of a protection circuit of an air conditioner controller according to another embodiment of the present invention. The control method is used for the protection circuit of the air conditioner controller in the above embodiment, and the control method includes:
步骤302，检测直流母线电压； Step 302, detecting a DC bus voltage;
步骤304，将直流母线电压与预设电压阈值进行比较； Step 304, comparing a DC bus voltage with a preset voltage threshold;
步骤306，当直流母线电压大于第一预设电压阈值时，控制继电器断开； Step 306, when the DC bus voltage is greater than the first preset voltage threshold, the control relay is turned off;
步骤308，当直流母线电压小于第二预设电压阈值时，控制继电器断开； Step 308, when the DC bus voltage is less than the second preset voltage threshold, the control relay is turned off;
其中，第一预设电压阈值大于第二预设电压阈值。The first preset voltage threshold is greater than the second preset voltage threshold.
在该实施例中，第一预设电压阈值为过压阈值，第二预设电压阈值为欠压阈值。出现过压、欠压时，往往会引起空调器内部的负载或电路板出现故障甚至损坏。当MCU通过电压采样模块检测到直流母线电压低于第二预设电压阀值时，说明电源出现欠压情况，此时控制断开继电器，大电流经过热敏电阻使其发热内阻增大，限制电流突变或者断开回路，保护后级负载和电控板的过流安全；当MCU通过电压采样模块检测到直流母线电压高于第一预设电压阀值，说明电源出现过压情况，此时控制断开继电器，电流经过热敏电阻使其发热内阻增大、形成分压作用，限制电压突变并及时反馈给MCU关掉负载输出和停止PFC升压控制输出，保护后级电控元器件的寿命、减少过压环境，从而延长空调器的使用寿命、提高电控的可靠性。In this embodiment, the first preset voltage threshold is an overvoltage threshold and the second predetermined voltage threshold is an undervoltage threshold. When overvoltage or undervoltage occurs, it often causes damage or even damage to the load or circuit board inside the air conditioner. When the MCU detects that the DC bus voltage is lower than the second preset voltage threshold by the voltage sampling module, it indicates that the power supply is under voltage. At this time, the control is turned off, and the large current passes through the thermistor to increase the internal resistance of the heat. Limiting the sudden change of current or disconnecting the circuit, protecting the over-current safety of the rear-stage load and the electronic control board; when the MCU detects that the DC bus voltage is higher than the first preset voltage threshold by the voltage sampling module, it indicates that the power supply has an over-voltage condition. When the control is turned off, the current passes through the thermistor to increase the internal resistance of the heat generation, forming a voltage dividing effect, limiting the sudden change of voltage and feeding back to the MCU to turn off the load output and stop the PFC boost control output, and protect the latter electronic control element. The life of the device and the overvoltage environment are reduced, thereby extending the service life of the air conditioner and improving the reliability of the electronic control.
如图4所示，根据本发明的再一个实施例的空调控制器的保护电路的控制方法的流程示意图。其中，该控制方法，用于如上述实施例中的空调控制器的保护电路，该控制方法包括：FIG. 4 is a flow chart showing a control method of a protection circuit of an air conditioner controller according to still another embodiment of the present invention. The control method is used for the protection circuit of the air conditioner controller in the above embodiment, and the control method includes:
步骤402，检测直流母线电压； Step 402, detecting a DC bus voltage;
步骤404，将直流母线电压与预设电压阈值进行比较； Step 404, comparing the DC bus voltage with a preset voltage threshold;
步骤406，当直流母线电压大于第一预设电压阈值时，控制继电器断开； Step 406, when the DC bus voltage is greater than the first preset voltage threshold, the control relay is turned off;
步骤408，当直流母线电压小于第二预设电压阈值时，控制继电器断开； Step 408, when the DC bus voltage is less than the second preset voltage threshold, the control relay is turned off;
步骤410，在控制继电器断开之后，按照预设回差时间控制继电器闭合； Step 410, after the control relay is turned off, the relay is controlled to be closed according to the preset hysteresis time;
其中，第一预设电压阈值大于第二预设电压阈值。The first preset voltage threshold is greater than the second preset voltage threshold.
在该实施例中，当电源出现过压、欠压控制继电器断开后，通过设置回差时间控制继电器闭合，例如间隔3分钟，当继电器断开后3分钟再次吸合继电器。In this embodiment, when an overvoltage occurs in the power supply and the undervoltage control relay is turned off, the relay is closed by setting the hysteresis time, for example, 3 minutes apart, and the relay is again sucked 3 minutes after the relay is turned off.
在本发明的又一个实例中，设置直流母线电压欠压及过压的断开继电器和吸合继电器的阈值，同时设置恢复时间阈值。例如，当直流母线电压低于130V时关闭继电器，当直流母线电压高于150V时断开继电器，间隔2分钟。In still another example of the present invention, the thresholds of the tripping relay and the pull-in relay of the DC bus voltage undervoltage and overvoltage are set, and the recovery time threshold is set. For example, when the DC bus voltage is lower than 130V, the relay is turned off, and when the DC bus voltage is higher than 150V, the relay is turned off, and the interval is 2 minutes.
在上述任一实施例中，优选地，根据直流母线电压与预设电压阈值的差值，设置预设回差时间。In any of the above embodiments, preferably, the preset hysteresis time is set according to a difference between the DC bus voltage and the preset voltage threshold.
在该实施例中，预设回差时间并非一个固定的时间，可以根据电源电压异常程度进行相应的设置。优选地，根据检测到的直流母线电压与预设电压阈值的差值来设置。例如，差值在10V以内时，设置恢复时间阈值为3分钟，差值在10V至20V之间时，设置恢复时间阈值为5分钟。与此同时，还可以根据不同地区的电网情况，预设不同的回差时间。In this embodiment, the preset hysteresis time is not a fixed time, and the corresponding setting may be made according to the abnormality of the power supply voltage. Preferably, it is set according to the difference between the detected DC bus voltage and the preset voltage threshold. For example, when the difference is within 10V, the recovery time threshold is set to 3 minutes, and when the difference is between 10V and 20V, the recovery time threshold is set to 5 minutes. At the same time, different backhaul times can be preset according to the grid conditions in different regions.
在上述任一实施例中，优选地，在预设时间内，记录继电器断开的次数，以及根据次数的频繁程度，设置预设回差时间。In any of the above embodiments, preferably, the number of times the relay is turned off is recorded within a preset time, and the preset hysteresis time is set according to the frequency of the number of times.
在该实施例中，预设回差时间并非一个固定的时间，可以根据继电器断开的频繁程度来进行设置。具体而言，在一个预设时间内，记录继电器的触发次数，通过次数的频繁程度设置回差时间，同时，还可以考虑不同地区的电网情况，对触发次数的标准进行设置。In this embodiment, the preset hysteresis time is not a fixed time and can be set according to the frequency of the relay disconnection. Specifically, in a preset time, the number of triggers of the relay is recorded, and the time difference is set by the frequency of the number of times. At the same time, the grid condition of different regions can also be considered, and the standard of the number of triggers is set.
在上述任一实施例中，优选地，当次数达到预设次数阈值时，向用户发出提醒信息并显示保护代码。In any of the above embodiments, preferably, when the number of times reaches the preset number of thresholds, the user is alerted and the protection code is displayed.
在该实施例中，在预设时间内，当继电器的触发次数超过预设次数时，输出保护代码告知用户关注电网情况，从而可以使电源异常情况及时得到维护，很好的保护空调器系统，不至于损毁。In this embodiment, when the number of triggers of the relay exceeds a preset number of times within a preset time, the output protection code informs the user to pay attention to the power grid condition, so that the abnormality of the power supply can be maintained in time, and the air conditioner system is well protected. Not to be damaged.
如图5所示，根据本发明的一个具体实施例的空调控制器的保护电路的控制方法的流程示意图。其中，该控制方法，用于如上述实施例中的空调控制器的保护电路，该控制方法包括：FIG. 5 is a flow chart showing a control method of a protection circuit of an air conditioner controller according to an embodiment of the present invention. The control method is used for the protection circuit of the air conditioner controller in the above embodiment, and the control method includes:
步骤502，检测直流母线电压； Step 502, detecting a DC bus voltage;
步骤504，将直流母线电压与预设电压阈值进行比较； Step 504, comparing the DC bus voltage with a preset voltage threshold;
步骤506，当直流母线电压大于150V时，控制继电器断开； Step 506, when the DC bus voltage is greater than 150V, the control relay is turned off;
步骤508，当直流母线电压小于90V时，控制继电器断开； Step 508, when the DC bus voltage is less than 90V, the control relay is turned off;
步骤510，在继电器断开3分钟之后，控制继电器闭合； Step 510, after the relay is turned off for 3 minutes, the control relay is closed;
步骤512，记录继电器的触发次数，判断继电器在15分钟内触发次数是否大于5次； Step 512, recording the number of times the relay is triggered, and determining whether the number of times the relay is triggered in 15 minutes is greater than 5 times;
步骤514，当判断结果为是时，向用户发出提醒信息并显示保护代码； Step 514, when the determination result is yes, sending a reminder message to the user and displaying a protection code;
当判断结果为否时，返回步骤502。When the result of the determination is no, the process returns to step 502.
在该实施例中，在预设时间内，在此优选地以15分钟为例，当继电器的触发次数超过预设次数时，在此优选地以5次为例，输出保护代码告知用户关注电网情况，从而可以使电源异常情况及时得到维护，很好的保护空调器系统，不至于损毁。In this embodiment, in the preset time, preferably 15 minutes, when the number of triggers of the relay exceeds a preset number of times, preferably 5 times as an example, the output protection code informs the user to pay attention to the power grid. In this case, the abnormality of the power supply can be maintained in time, and the air conditioner system can be well protected from damage.
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes can be made to the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (12)

  1. 一种空调控制器的保护电路，其特征在于，包括：热敏电阻、继电器、整流模块、电压采样模块和MCU；其中，A protection circuit for an air conditioner controller, comprising: a thermistor, a relay, a rectifier module, a voltage sampling module, and an MCU; wherein
    所述整流模块的第一输入端连接市电的火线端，其第二输入端连接市电的零线端，其输出端正极通过所述电压采样模块连接到所述MCU；The first input end of the rectifier module is connected to the live line end of the mains, the second input end is connected to the neutral line end of the mains, and the positive end of the output end is connected to the MCU through the voltage sampling module;
    所述热敏电阻串联在所述整流模块的第一输入端与所述市电的火线端之间；The thermistor is connected in series between the first input end of the rectifier module and the live terminal of the mains;
    所述继电器并联连接在所述热敏电阻的两端；The relay is connected in parallel at both ends of the thermistor;
    所述MCU用于检测所述整流模块的输出端正极的直流母线电压，并根据所述直流母线电压控制所述继电器的通断。The MCU is configured to detect a DC bus voltage of a positive terminal of the output end of the rectifier module, and control the on and off of the relay according to the DC bus voltage.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的空调控制器的保护电路，其特征在于，所述电压采样模块包括：第一电阻、第二电阻；其中，The protection circuit of the air conditioner controller according to claim 1, wherein the voltage sampling module comprises: a first resistor and a second resistor; wherein
    所述第一电阻的第一端连接在所述整流模块的输出端正极，第二端与所述第二电阻串联后接地；以及a first end of the first resistor is connected to an anode of an output end of the rectifier module, and a second end is connected in series with the second resistor and grounded;
    所述第一电阻的第二端作为所述电压采样模块的输出端连接到所述MCU。A second end of the first resistor is coupled to the MCU as an output of the voltage sampling module.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的空调控制器的保护电路，其特征在于，还包括：The protection circuit of the air conditioner controller according to claim 1, further comprising:
    滤波电容，所述滤波电容并联在所述MCU的两端。A filter capacitor is connected in parallel at both ends of the MCU.
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的空调控制器的保护电路，其特征在于，还包括：The protection circuit of the air conditioner controller according to claim 2, further comprising:
    钳位二极管，所述钳位二极管的第一端连接外接电源，第二端接地，第三端连接在所述第一电阻与所述第二电阻之间。a clamping diode, the first end of the clamping diode is connected to an external power source, the second end is grounded, and the third end is connected between the first resistor and the second resistor.
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的空调控制器的保护电路，其特征在于，还包括：The protection circuit of the air conditioner controller according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising:
    EMI滤波电路，连接在所述市电与所述整流模块之间。An EMI filter circuit is connected between the mains and the rectifier module.
  6. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的空调控制器的保护电路，其特征在于，A protection circuit for an air conditioner controller according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that
    所述整流模块为桥式整流器。The rectifier module is a bridge rectifier.
  7. 一种空调控制器的保护电路的控制方法，其特征在于，用于如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的空调控制器的保护电路，所述控制方法包括：A control circuit for a protection circuit of an air conditioner controller, characterized by the protection circuit for an air conditioner controller according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the control method comprising:
    检测直流母线电压；Detecting the DC bus voltage;
    将所述直流母线电压与预设电压阈值进行比较，并根据比较结果控制所述继电器的通断。The DC bus voltage is compared with a preset voltage threshold, and the relay is controlled to be turned on and off according to the comparison result.
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的空调控制器的保护电路的控制方法，其特征在于，所述将所述直流母线电压与预设电压阈值进行比较，并根据比较结果控制所述继电器的通断的步骤，具体包括：The control method of the protection circuit of the air conditioner controller according to claim 7, wherein the step of comparing the DC bus voltage with a preset voltage threshold and controlling the on and off of the relay according to the comparison result Specifically, including:
    当所述直流母线电压大于第一预设电压阈值时，控制所述继电器断开；或Controlling the relay to be turned off when the DC bus voltage is greater than a first predetermined voltage threshold; or
    当所述直流母线电压小于第二预设电压阈值时，控制所述继电器断开；Controlling the relay to be turned off when the DC bus voltage is less than a second preset voltage threshold;
    其中，所述第一预设电压阈值大于所述第二预设电压阈值。The first preset voltage threshold is greater than the second preset voltage threshold.
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的空调控制器的保护电路，其特征在于，A protection circuit for an air conditioner controller according to claim 8, wherein
    在控制所述继电器断开之后，按照预设回差时间控制所述继电器闭合。After controlling the relay to be turned off, the relay is controlled to be closed according to a preset hysteresis time.
  10. 根据权利要求7至9中任一项所述的空调控制器的保护电路的控制方法，其特征在于，The control method of the protection circuit of the air conditioner controller according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that
    根据所述直流母线电压与所述预设电压阈值的差值，设置预设回差时间。And setting a preset hysteresis time according to a difference between the DC bus voltage and the preset voltage threshold.
  11. 根据权利要求7至9中任一项所述的空调控制器的保护电路的控制方法，其特征在于，The control method of the protection circuit of the air conditioner controller according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that
    在预设时间内，记录所述继电器断开的次数，以及根据所述次数的频繁程度，设置预设回差时间。During the preset time, the number of times the relay is turned off is recorded, and the preset hysteresis time is set according to the frequency of the number of times.
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的空调控制器的保护电路的控制方法，其特征在于，A control method of a protection circuit of an air conditioner controller according to claim 11, wherein
    当所述次数达到预设次数阈值时，向用户发出提醒信息并显示保护代码。When the number of times reaches the preset number threshold, the user is alerted and the protection code is displayed.
PCT/CN2018/092605 2017-09-13 2018-06-25 Protection circuit of air conditioning controller and control method thereof WO2019052256A1 (en)

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