WO2019043215A1 - Machine de soufflage à autoapprentissage par évaluation d'image et procédé correspondant - Google Patents

Machine de soufflage à autoapprentissage par évaluation d'image et procédé correspondant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019043215A1
WO2019043215A1 PCT/EP2018/073579 EP2018073579W WO2019043215A1 WO 2019043215 A1 WO2019043215 A1 WO 2019043215A1 EP 2018073579 W EP2018073579 W EP 2018073579W WO 2019043215 A1 WO2019043215 A1 WO 2019043215A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plastic
marking
plastic preforms
preforms
container
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/073579
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Arno Haner
Robert Aust
Gerald Hüttner
Original Assignee
Krones Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Krones Ag filed Critical Krones Ag
Publication of WO2019043215A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019043215A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/78—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C49/80—Testing, e.g. for leaks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2795/00—Printing on articles made from plastics or substances in a plastic state
    • B29C2795/002—Printing on articles made from plastics or substances in a plastic state before shaping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/07—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration
    • B29C2949/0715—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration the preform having one end closed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/02—Combined blow-moulding and manufacture of the preform or the parison
    • B29C49/06—Injection blow-moulding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/42412—Marking or printing
    • B29C49/42413—Marking or printing with a pattern for analysing deformation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/4252—Auxiliary operations prior to the blow-moulding operation not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/4273—Auxiliary operations after the blow-moulding operation not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C49/78—Measuring, controlling or regulating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for forming plastic preforms into plastic containers.
  • Such devices have long been known in the art.
  • heated plastic preforms are usually fed to these machines and reshaped by the application of a flowable medium to plastic containers and in particular plastic bottles.
  • a plurality of forming stations is usually arranged on a movable and in particular rotatable carrier, to which the plastic preforms are supplied.
  • the plastic preforms are supplied with the flowable medium so as to be expanded.
  • different parameters can be set and are also important for the process, such as blowing pressures, the movements of a stretch rod and the like.
  • a movable support is provided on which a plurality of forming stations is arranged, which are suitable and intended to reshape the plastic preforms by applying a flowable medium to the plastic containers.
  • the device has at least one (first) transport device, which transports the plastic preforms to the forming stations along a predetermined transport path, and a second transport device, which further transports the converted plastic containers after the forming process.
  • the device has a marking device, which is arranged in the transport direction of the plastic preforms in front of the forming stations and which provides at least a portion of the plastic preforms with a mark.
  • the device has a container inspection device, which is arranged in the transport direction of the plastic containers after the forming stations and which is suitable and intended to inspect at least a portion of the marking produced by the marking device. It is therefore proposed that a mark is already applied to the plastic preforms and this is examined after the forming process.
  • At least one of the transport devices mentioned is such a transport device which is suitable and intended to transport the plastic preforms in isolated fashion.
  • this transport device can also have different units, such as transport stars, transport chains and the like. chen.
  • said marking is applied to the plastic preforms immediately before the forming device or directly before the forming stations.
  • this marking can also already be applied during the production of the plastic preforms, for example in an injection molding machine, in particular by means of a printing unit.
  • the apparatus comprises a container inspection device which inspects part of the marking produced by the marking device.
  • control results are determined, which are preferably documented by means of electronic data processing in a manner known per se.
  • data can be recorded or recorded, such as a user recognition, a time stamp, an assigned heating element, an associated forming station or blow cavity, further associated treatment units, control numbers (encrypted or unencrypted), as well as a camera image of the respective container.
  • the respective containers are printed with control results. These could be used, for example, later as a comparison result at a later follow-up before or, for example, when a container is cut, measured and / or bent.
  • the marking could be a nontransparent or even a partially transparent pattern which is applied in an area of the plastic preform. This is advantageously an area of the plastic preform which is expanded in a later process.
  • the flowable medium is in particular compressed air, by means of which the plastic preforms are expanded.
  • the plastic preforms it would also be possible for the plastic preforms to be expanded with a liquid, in particular, but not exclusively, with a beverage which is also to be filled anyway. Also in this case could take place after the expansion of the plastic preforms monitoring of said mark.
  • the invention improves quality assurance.
  • An error-prone and time-consuming effort in the conventional and manual method, in which an operator is bound is overcome.
  • the known in the prior art online wall thickness measurement detects deviations, but the operator must continue to set the process manually. This results in the prior art, an operator-bound process, whereas in the context of the invention, a self-regulation is possible.
  • the device has at least one control device for controlling the deformation process of the plastic preforms to the plastic containers, and this control device controls the deformation process at least also as a function of a result determined by the container inspection device and / or depending on one of the container inspection units. direction taken picture.
  • the individual forming stations preferably have loading devices, such as, for example, blowing nozzles and valves, wherein the control device controls these loading devices. It is possible that the plastic preforms are subjected to different blowing pressures for their expansion, such as, for example, a pre-blowing pressure, an intermediate blowing pressure and a finished blowing pressure.
  • a control of the individual blowing pressures is possible as well as a control of the respective temporal sequences, to which the individual blowing pressures are applied to the plastic preform or the resulting plastic container.
  • processes can be controlled, such as a stretching rod speed, as well as a balance between the blowing pressures and a stretching rod speed.
  • the transport device mentioned above is preferably a rotatable transport device and in particular a so-called blowing wheel.
  • transport devices would also be conceivable which transport the individual plastic preforms at least in sections along a rectilinear transport path.
  • the device has a heating device, which is preceded in the transport direction of the plastic preforms of the forming device, wherein preferably also this heating device can be controlled.
  • this warming can be controlled about a heating power, or a movement speed or rotational speed with which the plastic preforms are transported through this oven or the heating device.
  • a rotational speed of the plastic preforms can be regulated with respect to their longitudinal direction during heating.
  • the device has a preform inspection device, which is arranged in the transport direction of the plastic preforms in front of the forming stations and which is preferably suitable and intended to inspect the markings applied to the plastic preforms by the marking device.
  • this preform inspection device it is possible for this preform inspection device to receive at least one and preferably a plurality of images of the plastic preforms and in particular those regions on which the marking is located.
  • the images taken by the preforms are compared with the images taken later by the containers. From this comparison, as explained in more detail below, a wall thickness or wall thickness ratios can be deduced.
  • the device has a comparison device which compares at least one image taken by the plastic preform inspection device of a specific plastic preform and / or a reference image and / or a reference value or a plurality of reference values with at least one image taken by the container inspection device.
  • a comparison device which compares at least one image taken by the plastic preform inspection device of a specific plastic preform and / or a reference image and / or a reference value or a plurality of reference values with at least one image taken by the container inspection device.
  • those areas to which the markings have been applied can be compared with one another. From this comparison, in turn, it is possible to conclude a wall thickness distribution in the stated area of the plastic container.
  • the marking device has a laser marking unit which generates the marking on the plastic preform by means of a laser.
  • the marking is produced in particular in a region of the plastic preform which is to be expanded or stretched later.
  • the laser marking device can have, for example, a CO 2 laser or an Nd: YAG laser.
  • Lasers which emit infrared light in a range from 0.8 to 12 ⁇ m have proven to be advantageous, preferably in a range of 2 - 12 ⁇ " ⁇ , preferably in a range of 5- 12 ⁇ and more preferably in a range of 10-1 1 ⁇ " ⁇ .
  • a printing unit which has printing ink and which provides a wall of the plastic preform with the mark.
  • the marking device is suitable and intended to apply a two-dimensional marking in a region of the plastic preform. Based on the change of this two-dimensional marking in the context of the blowing process can be concluded that a wall thickness distribution. In this case, it is preferably possible for this applied label to be analyzed. However, in a preferred procedure, an marking of the plastic preforms (all or only every x-th) is carried out by means of a laser in an inlet of the forming device or blowing machine optionally any further forward in the process chain (for example in an outlet of the injection molding machine).
  • This marking can be made from only small dots, such as squares, for example, nine pieces at the level of the later heating zones in the linear kiln of the stretch blow molding machine, over one picture to complex 2-D codes, e.g. QR codes, DataMatrix or Aztec which can have different states of expression.
  • 2-D codes e.g. QR codes, DataMatrix or Aztec which can have different states of expression.
  • the laser technology required for this purpose is already available today and is also financially acceptable.
  • these specially marked plastic preforms or also containers accommodated later can be recognized and ejected depending on the marking thickness. It is also possible that such discharged plastic containers are reused. Based on the change in the marking (such as changed distances between the squares, the size of the squares, gray levels of the squares), the material stretch and thus the material distribution can be determined.
  • a calculation device is provided for this purpose, which allows a conclusion of the change in the respective points or the applied markings with respect to a wall thickness of the plastic preform. This in turn can be deduced on the wall thickness of the plastic containers at the appropriate locations. It is also possible that the marked containers are discharged, so that an alternative but less error-prone quality control to the manual conventional versions is possible. Depending on the desired control accuracy, however, the plastic preforms have to be in very short cycles (every 15th in a 16-piece machine). In addition, it is also possible that each plastic preform is marked accordingly to obtain a 100% live control. Following this, it is possible, for example by using an algorithm, to adapt the process or to adapt process parameters until a desired state is reached.
  • such a desired state or a desired image can be predetermined by a FEM calculation (finite element method) or a matching or acceptance.
  • FEM calculation finite element method
  • a target image of a simulation and in particular of an integrative simulation in particular a combination of process and structure simulation according to the finite element method
  • a matching or acceptance By optimization loops and / or adaptation of process parameters, e.g. the material distribution can be adjusted so that, for example, the highest load conditions (eg topload, sideload or internal pressure) are achieved.
  • plastic preform inspection device is not necessarily necessary for the implementation of the invention, but a comparison is also possible between a target image (or generally target data) which may be deposited and the image taken by the container inspection device.
  • the invention proposed here improves the quality assurance compared to today's manual method. It is also possible that only every xth plastic preform is marked and the marked bottles are also removed after the test. In addition, the online measurement can save separate measuring equipment. It is also possible for data to be further processed or archived directly. In addition, an operator connection can be dispensed with and also the susceptibility to errors is lower. Alternatively, as mentioned above, it would also be possible to mark each plastic preform and not to discharge the marked bottles after the test. Thus, for example, the markings could be covered or glued over with a label in a later method step.
  • the controller described here is integrated into a system or integrated, for example, in a machine operator panel such as a touch screen becomes.
  • the measured data determined is forwarded to subsequent machines, for example to machines which can adapt their own process or settings accordingly.
  • the plastic preforms and / or bottles may have a visible marking which may be desirable as a design or haptic feature in some customers. The result is thus a self-learning blow molding machine, the blow molding machine preferably storing an image and the process parameters during a process setting.
  • the blow molding machine stores not only the new image with the new process parameters, but also the process adaptation, which for example has led from an image N to an image N + 1. In this way, normalization is achieved and the machine knows what it needs to change for a given image to reach a target state.
  • the device has an allocation device which assigns to a particular inspected plastic container the forming station which has produced this plastic container. Since, as mentioned above, the transport of the plastic preforms takes place singly, it is possible, for example, from a time of taking a picture of a plastic container to infer which forming station has generated this plastic container. In this way it is also possible to make adjustments or changes of process parameters individually at the individual forming stations. For example, it could be determined that a particular forming station generates faulty wall thicknesses. In this case, an adaptation of this one station and not the complete system can be performed.
  • the marking device is suitable and intended to mark only a part of the plastic preforms. For example, every N + 1th plastic preform can be marked if N is the number of forming stations. Conversely, it would be possible for only every N-1th plastic preform to be marked, where N is the number of forming stations. In this way, one after the other and in return the individual transformation stations can be checked.
  • the device has a discharge device, which is suitable and intended to eject individual plastic containers from a production stream and in particular is suitable and intended to discharge marked plastic preforms from the production stream. This can be helpful so that such marked plastic containers do not get into further processing, for example to a filling process.
  • a discharge in this context is understood to mean that only individual containers are discharged, but otherwise the product stream is continued, for example to subsequent units such as a filling machine or a labeling or printing device.
  • the plastic preform is preferably marked with an image, pattern and / or code by the marking device.
  • a position of the marking and also by changes in dimensions can be determined degrees of stretching and thus a material distribution of the manufactured plastic container.
  • the wall thicknesses can be calculated in each point.
  • the output coordinates and / or setpoint position are to be coded into the marking after the conversion process.
  • this shows possible manipulations on the labeling unit and, on the other hand, facilitates the parameterization of the evaluation unit because the target specification or position is already present in the image.
  • the applied marking information is encoded, such as in particular a date, a time, a line, an anti-counterfeiting (eg checksum date, time, no.), A (treating) cavity, treatment organs and type of use of the container, so whether it is a return sample or a production bottle.
  • a date e.g. a date, a time, a line, an anti-counterfeiting (eg checksum date, time, no.), A (treating) cavity, treatment organs and type of use of the container, so whether it is a return sample or a production bottle.
  • the present invention is also directed to a method for producing plastic containers, wherein plastic preforms by means of a transport device be transported and formed by means of a forming device to the plastic containers.
  • the plastic preforms are provided with a marking in a region of the plastic preforms to be formed before they are formed, and this marking is inspected after the forming process by means of a container inspection device. Through this inspection can be concluded on the forming process.
  • at least one parameter characteristic for the deformation process of the plastic preforms is controlled as a function of an inspection process carried out by the container inspection device.
  • a visual image is taken of a plastic preform or, preferably, a fabricated plastic container and in particular of that area to which the marking is applied.
  • a comparison of an image picked up by the plastic container with a reference for example a reference image of a plastic preform, or in the knowledge of an image to be generated or stretched, preferably takes place.
  • several images are preferably compared with one another.
  • a parameter relevant to the blowing process is determined from a comparison, in particular a wall thickness comparison and / or a wall thickness profile.
  • plastic preforms and / or manufactured plastic containers are at least partially removed.
  • images are taken up by the marking applied to the plastic preform. These images can preferably be compared with each other and / or compared with the images that were taken after the expansion of the containers.
  • the marking of the plastic preforms preferably takes place by means of a laser. It is possible that in addition to a recorded image of the plastic container and the corresponding process parameters that were used for this purpose are stored. Preferably, at least one process parameter is changed and / or adjusted as a function of the recorded image.
  • an identification mark is applied, such as a QR code, a machine-readable bar code and the like.
  • a bleed-modified tick mark can also be used directly for the evaluation.
  • a QR code is applied to the plastic preform and this is evaluated immediately after the blowing process.
  • the plastic preforms are preferably marked online. At the outlet of the forming device, the marking is preferably read out by means of a camera. With the evaluation of the image data, bottles and the geometry of the plastic preforms, a wall thickness distribution is preferably calculated. This can also be calculated at any point. Preferably, the process is then adjusted by an algorithm until a desired state is reached.
  • this target state or the target image of an FEM calculation, a Abmusterung or a machine acceptance is specified.
  • an adaptation of the blowing process takes place in several steps.
  • an image can be taken, then at least one process parameter can be adjusted, then another image of another container can be taken until finally the desired result is achieved.
  • the machine can make use of stored earlier data, which makes it possible to arrive at the desired result more quickly, since in a sense the machine can learn from its own results and / or experiences.
  • an image and the associated parameters are preferably stored.
  • a storage device preferably not only stores the new image with the new process parameters, but also stores the new image. This also includes the process adaptation, which has led from a previously recorded image (N) to image (N + 1).
  • a learning process takes place continuously. For example, it is possible that a hall temperature fluctuates day and night, so that the machine can regulate independently. For example, even if a lamp fails or the performance of radiation deteriorates due to aging, it is possible that the algorithm may not need to be adjusted. The machine can nevertheless carry out a process with the changed situation in order to get back to the desired state.
  • a serialization of the plastic preforms with a readable code for example a QR code, a data matrix code or the like, is printed.
  • This code is a key to an information set that stores all production processes and machine data.
  • the markings applied to the containers are preferably made visible on the containers by means of the inspection device. Since it is possible, for example, that QR codes are read in a very short time window, for example less than 50 ms. Normally, a check (a sample survey) is only possible in a smooth-walled area. In a range of elevations, rounding or other fault zones, satisfactory surveying is difficult to achieve.
  • the evaluation range should be (at least) half the bottle width and / or bottle height.
  • the device has an alignment device which aligns the container with respect to the container inspection device.
  • the manufactured containers are rotated with respect to their own longitudinal direction and / or the container inspection device.
  • markings should be avoided on the back of the container, otherwise a survey can be disturbed.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a blow molding machine according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is an illustration of a marked plastic preform
  • FIG. 3 shows three representations of markings on plastic preforms
  • Fig. 5 shows three representations of markings
  • Figure 6 shows four representations of marks on plastic containers.
  • Fig. 7 shows four illustrations of a correction of the blow molding process
  • Fig. 9 is a representation for evaluating a marker.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a self-learning blow molding machine 1 according to the invention.
  • This blow molding machine 1 has a heating device 22, here an infrared furnace.
  • This infrared oven 22 has a plurality of stationary heating elements 24, on which the plastic preforms are transported past. During this transport, the plastic preforms are heated.
  • a marking device 6 is provided, which provides the plastic preforms with a mark. In particular, this is a laser marking.
  • the so-marked plastic preforms are transported by means of a transport device 12 to the actual blow molding machine.
  • a marking 40 is already arranged on the plastic preforms.
  • Reference numeral 18 denotes an optional plastic preform inspection device which receives the markings attached to the plastic preforms.
  • the blow molding machine has a rotatable support 2 on which a plurality of transformation stations 4 are arranged is. Within these forming stations, the plastic preforms 10 are expanded to plastic containers and in particular plastic bottles. In this case, the marking 40 arranged on the plastic preforms 10 or the plastic containers also changes.
  • the reference numeral 32 denotes a further transport device, which transports the now molded plastic containers 20.
  • the reference numeral 8 designates a plastic container inspection device which, as mentioned above, receives or observes the mark arranged on the containers.
  • the laser markings arranged on the plastic containers 20 can preferably be made visible in a transmitted-light method. If 40 QR codes are used as markers, they can be read out with a high degree of security. A reading of these QR codes can be read in about 50 ms. Such a check is preferably carried out in a smooth-walled region of the plastic container. Somewhat more problematic is a survey in an area where elevations, hollows or the like are present. The evaluation range should not exceed half the container width.
  • the marking is preferably aligned in the direction of the inspection device 8. For this purpose, it is conceivable that the device has a rotating device which rotates the manufactured containers with respect to their longitudinal axis in order to align them.
  • the marking it is also conceivable for the marking to be applied at a defined location in such a way that this marking can be directly read out later during the recording by the inspection device. It is conceivable that the containers or the marking during transport have a clear rotational position
  • the reference numeral 30 refers to a control means for controlling the forming means.
  • this control device is suitable and determined to individually control the individual forming stations 4, more precisely, to control the blow molding operations performed with these forming stations.
  • the reference numeral 14 denotes an evaluation unit which evaluates the images taken by the container inspection device of the plastic containers. It is possible that this evaluation compares these images with reference images and in this way a Wall thickness distribution of the containers determined.
  • the reference numeral 16 denotes a storage device which stores the images taken by the bin inspection device 8. Storage is preferably provided which, together with the images, also stores values of the respective blow molding process, such as the information as to which transformation station has blown this container and, if appropriate, also with which blow parameters.
  • the evaluation unit determines the wall thickness ratios from the recorded images and forwards this information to the control device 30.
  • the controller may accordingly adjust parameters for the expansion process, such as blowing pressures, times for blowing pressures, a stretching rod movement, and the like.
  • parameters for the expansion process such as blowing pressures, times for blowing pressures, a stretching rod movement, and the like.
  • the machine can self-regulate.
  • a history is also created in which changes to parameters and the corresponding results, in particular evaluation results, are recorded.
  • the marking device 6 is movably arranged and in particular pivotally arranged, so that a marking can be mounted on different surface portions of the plastic preform.
  • the marking device 6 ⁇ may be pivotable about a longitudinal axis of the plastic preforms around.
  • the plastic preforms themselves are rotatable about their longitudinal axis and in this way a plurality of markings can be mounted offset in the circumferential direction. It would also be possible that several of the marking devices shown in Fig. 1 are provided.
  • Fig. 2 shows an example of a plastic preform with markings disposed thereon.
  • the marking 40 can be detected by the container inspection device.
  • FIG. 3 shows three representations of plastic preforms with markings 40 applied thereto. These markings may here have a grid pattern 42 and an identification element 44.
  • This identification element 44 may be, for example, a QR code which uniquely identifies the plastic preform.
  • the plastic preform 10 itself has an opening region 10a, which in particular is not stretched, a support ring 10c and a base body 10b. This base 10b is later expanded to obtain a bottle.
  • the plastic preform is first marked with a picture pattern and / or a code. Due to the position of this marking 40 and also the changes of the individual dimensions, for example of the grid 42, the wall thicknesses can be calculated at each point, taking into account in particular the bottle geometry and reforming geometry. For this purpose, as mentioned above, a special calculation software is used.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further illustration of markings applied to plastic preforms.
  • the marker 42 includes a plurality of circles with different diameters. Even with the aid of these circles, it is possible to calculate the individual wall thicknesses very favorably in the later method.
  • FIG. 5 shows three examples of possible markings 40.
  • a multiplicity of elements 42 are again present in these markings, as well as an identification element 44 such as a QR code.
  • the dimensions of the height and width relate to different dimensions, which may in particular also depend on the sizes of the plastic containers to be produced. It can be seen that, depending on the container geometry, the marking 40 can have a width which is between 4 mm and 20 mm, preferably between 6 and 18 mm.
  • the height of the marking is particularly preferably between 10 mm and 50 mm, preferably between 15 mm and 40 mm.
  • predetermined distances can be defined, for example, a distance of 2 mm between two markings or a height of a single grid element 42, for example, 2 mm or 4 mm.
  • Figure 6 illustrates the transition from a plastic preform to a container. It can be seen that as the container expands, the mark also expands. In this case, it can be concluded from the ratio of the individual marking elements as mentioned above to a wall thickness.
  • FIG. 7 shows a representation for the regulation or adjustment of the machine.
  • a plastic preform is first marked and then the container I blown. This results in the illustrated mark 40.
  • the process parameters are now changed and it is again marked a plastic preform and blown from a container II. It can be seen that here the marking appears after the expansion of the container elsewhere. This was caused by a change in the process parameters.
  • the process parameters are adjusted again and it is made another container III, in which now the mark is again slightly offset.
  • a further change of the process parameters finally leads to the container IV.
  • the container IV now largely corresponds to the desired state.
  • the adjustment of the machine can be completed here.
  • a self-learning machine is realized, which finally reaches the container IV to be classified as ideal by repeated adaptation of process parameters.
  • the machine is adjusted in an iterative manner, that is to say that a multiplicity of containers are blown in order finally to achieve the desired wall thickness distribution, as here on the container IV.
  • This process can be carried out in particular for each individual forming station. The process is thus preferably adjusted by an algorithm until a desired state is reached. In this case, this target state can be released as mentioned above by a FEM calculation, a sampling or a machine acceptance.
  • FIG. 8 shows a further illustration to illustrate the self-learning process.
  • the machine additionally stores (reference symbol S) the respective captured images.
  • the machine is again regulated from the container I to the container IV, whereby, however, the intermediate images are always stored here.
  • normalization is achieved, in particular at individual conversion stations, and the machine knows from a recorded image which parameter adjustments are necessary in order to achieve a desired state. In this way, the machine is constantly learning.
  • FIG. 9 shows the transition from the marking 40 on a plastic preform to the marking 40 on the container blown therefrom. It is possible that individual points of the markings such as the corner points are assigned to each other, so as to be able to determine the corresponding length and width sizes. From these investigations, in turn, as mentioned above, the wall thicknesses can be calculated.
  • a mark on the containers such as a QR code.
  • closed points are particularly favorable, because an evaluation time in programs used, such as a shape matching, is about 19 ms and, however, is at a grid line at about 25 ms.
  • smaller points are also evaluated, as this in particular also promotes the computing time.
  • marking agents such as QR codes
  • care must be taken to ensure that they are reproduced accurately and not washed out.
  • such containers have different shapes, such as grooves or the like. For this reason, it makes sense to look for an area of the container that is smooth-walled.
  • the marking device is particularly preferably adjustable in height, so that the markings can be applied to different heights of the plastic preform. In this way it is possible to have the entire marking in the evaluation area of a camera (in particular a smooth-walled area of the container) in the case of an ideally set process.
  • the points located in the evaluation of the camera also conclusions about the material distribution can be concluded.
  • the marking device is positionable and changeable in particular in a longitudinal direction of the plastic preforms to be marked.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif (1) pour le formage de préformes en matériau synthétique (10) en récipients en matériau synthétique (20), présentant un support mobile (2), sur lequel sont disposés une multitude de postes de formage (4), qui sont appropriés pour et destinés à transformer les préformes en matériau synthétique (10) en récipients en matériau synthétique (20) en les soumettant à un milieu pouvant s'écouler et présentant au moins un dispositif de transport (12) qui transporte les préformes en matériau synthétique vers les postes de formage (4) le long d'une voie de transport prédéfinie et présentant au moins un deuxième dispositif de transport (32) qui transporte plus loin les récipients en matériau synthétique transformés après le processus de formage. Selon l'invention, le dispositif présente un dispositif de marquage (6) qui est disposé en amont des postes de formage (4) dans le sens du transport des préformes en matériau synthétique (10) et qui pourvoit au moins une partie des préformes en matériau synthétique (1) d'un marquage (40), ainsi qu'un dispositif d'inspection de récipients (8) qui est disposé en aval des postes de formage (4) dans le sens du transport des récipients en matériau synthétique (20) et qui est approprié pour et destiné à inspecter au moins une partie du marquage (40) généré par le dispositif de marquage (6).
PCT/EP2018/073579 2017-09-01 2018-09-03 Machine de soufflage à autoapprentissage par évaluation d'image et procédé correspondant WO2019043215A1 (fr)

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DE102017120201.3A DE102017120201A1 (de) 2017-09-01 2017-09-01 Selbstlernende Blasmaschine mittels Bildauswertung
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US20230125868A1 (en) * 2019-12-17 2023-04-27 Sidel Participations Method for angular indexing of a preform

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DE102019132655A1 (de) * 2019-12-02 2021-06-02 Krones Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Überprüfen einer Wandstärke eines Behälters aus einem zumindest teilweise transparenten Material
DE102020106419A1 (de) * 2020-03-10 2021-09-16 Krones Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Überwachen von Produktherstellungen
DE102020123163A1 (de) * 2020-09-04 2022-03-10 Krones Aktiengesellschaft Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Erwärmen von Kunststoffvorformlingen mit ortaufgelöster Temperaturerfassung
DE102020131365A1 (de) 2020-11-26 2022-06-02 Krones Aktiengesellschaft Anlage und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Anlage zur Behandlung von Behältnissen
JP2023094402A (ja) * 2021-12-23 2023-07-05 株式会社リコー レーザ加工方法およびプリフォーム
FR3131557B1 (fr) * 2021-12-30 2024-06-21 Sidel Participations Procédé de fabrication de récipients et installation pour sa mise en œuvre
EP4261008B1 (fr) * 2022-04-11 2024-08-21 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Procédé de fabrication de récipient en résine et appareil de fabrication de récipient en résine
DE102022122882A1 (de) * 2022-09-08 2024-03-14 Krones Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Behandeln von Behältnissen mit Identifikation ausgeleiteter Behältnisse

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WO2006042319A2 (fr) * 2004-10-11 2006-04-20 Winds Enterprises, Inc. Dispositif et procede de transfert graphique pour emballages et autres
EP2835248A2 (fr) * 2013-08-05 2015-02-11 Krones AG Procédé de contrôle de production lors de l'étirage-gonflage de récipients en plastique et de préformes d'essai, et appareil

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