WO2019041494A1 - Dispositif d'émission d'ondes acoustiques directionnelles, et procédé pour repousser les oiseaux - Google Patents

Dispositif d'émission d'ondes acoustiques directionnelles, et procédé pour repousser les oiseaux Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019041494A1
WO2019041494A1 PCT/CN2017/107393 CN2017107393W WO2019041494A1 WO 2019041494 A1 WO2019041494 A1 WO 2019041494A1 CN 2017107393 W CN2017107393 W CN 2017107393W WO 2019041494 A1 WO2019041494 A1 WO 2019041494A1
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signal
frequency signal
low frequency
low
module
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PCT/CN2017/107393
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
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赵洪亮
王彦
何冬冬
王森
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山东科技大学
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Publication of WO2019041494A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019041494A1/fr
Priority to ZA2020/01274A priority Critical patent/ZA202001274B/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/34—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of electroacoustic technology, and in particular relates to a directional acoustic wave emitting device and method for bird repelling.
  • a parametric speaker is a speaker that is capable of directing an audio signal. It modulates the audio electrical signal, ie the modulated signal, onto an ultrasonic carrier, which is the envelope of the modulated signal. The modulated signal is then converted to an acoustic signal by an ultrasound transducer array. Due to the non-linear effect of air on the acoustic waves, the audio signal modulated on the ultrasonic carrier can be demodulated in air.
  • the ultrasound emitted by the ultrasound transducer array has superior directivity, so the audio signal along the emission direction is continuously demodulated to form an audio source, called a parametric Array. Due to the combined effect of these audio sources, a directional audio sound beam is formed in the air.
  • POMPEI proposed an audio signal preprocessing method using double integral and then square root.
  • POMPEI used a large transducer array to suppress the grating lobes, and for the first time in the laboratory developed a parametric array loudspeaker with small sound distortion and audible sound.
  • Nanyang Technological University of Singapore proposed the use of Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) technology to achieve signal preprocessing.
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • Shandong University of Science and Technology used the ultrasonic transducer model obtained by actual measurement, and used KZK equation to numerically simulate the propagation characteristics of the parametric array loudspeaker in the air.
  • Three preprocessing and modulation methods were studied, ie no pre-processing double-band modulation
  • the pre-processing double-band modulation method and the single sideband modulation method are used to study the design method of the parametric array speaker based on DSP.
  • the Institute of Acoustics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences designed and studied the parametric array of loudspeaker arrays, and proposed a hexagonal staggered array design, which analyzed the influence of the phase of the transducer on the directivity of the array.
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
  • the parametric array loudspeakers have been proposed to take the carrier frequency to the ultrasonic frequency band above 20 kHz (common carrier frequency is 40 kHz to 60 kHz), and the electroacoustic conversion device used is a narrow-band piezoelectric resonant ultrasonic transducer. . Due to The low frequency signal is the envelope of the modulated wave and its amplitude must be less than the carrier amplitude. In order to ensure a small distortion rate, the ratio of the amplitude of the low frequency signal to the carrier signal (i.e., the modulation ratio m) is sufficiently small. Therefore, the low-frequency signal in the parametric array loudspeaker is relatively small in the total transmitted signal energy, and the ultrasonic attenuation is very fast in the air. These factors cause the transmission range of the parametric array speaker to be not far enough.
  • the present invention provides a directional acoustic wave emitting device and method for bird repelling, which is reasonable in design, overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art, and has good effects.
  • a directional acoustic wave transmitting device for bird repelling comprising a low frequency signal processing unit, a signal modulating unit, an audio power amplifier and a speaker array;
  • the low frequency signal processing unit includes a low pass filter, an amplitude normalization module, a modulation ratio module, a level adjustment module, and a square module;
  • the signal modulation unit includes an audio carrier generator and a multiplier
  • the audio power amplifier includes a plurality of audio power amplifiers
  • the speaker array includes a plurality of speakers
  • the low-pass filter performs low-pass filtering on the low-frequency input signal x(t) to obtain the low-frequency signal x 1 (t), and inputs the low-frequency signal x 1 (t) to the amplitude normalization module; the amplitude normalization module pair
  • the low frequency signal x 1 (t) is normalized according to the amplitude to obtain a low frequency signal x 2 (t), and the low frequency signal x 2 (t) is input to the modulation ratio module;
  • the modulation ratio module sets the low frequency signal x 2 (t) Multiplying the coefficient m to obtain the low frequency signal x 3 (t), and inputting the low frequency signal x 3 (t) to the level adjustment module; the level adjustment module level adjusting the low frequency signal x 3 (t) by one, Obtaining a low frequency signal x 4 (t) and inputting the low frequency signal x 3 (t) to the square root module; the square module pre-defining the low frequency signal x 4 (t) to obtain a low frequency
  • the input low frequency signal x(t) is a bird's natural enemies or other sounds that make birds fear, located in the lower frequency band of the audio range.
  • the low-pass filter is smaller than the limit frequency of the audio carrier signal F p x c (t) of frequency F c.
  • the amplitude of the low frequency signal x 2 (t) is equal to 1V, or less than and approximately 1V.
  • m is a modulation ratio, and the value ranges from 0 ⁇ m ⁇ 1.
  • the speaker uses a broadband electric speaker.
  • the present invention also relates to a directional acoustic wave emitting method for bird repelling, which method employs a directional acoustic wave emitting device for bird repelling as described above, comprising the steps of:
  • Step 1 The low-pass filter performs low-pass filtering on the low-frequency input signal x(t) to obtain a low-frequency signal x 1 (t), and inputs the low-frequency signal x 1 (t) to the amplitude normalization module;
  • Step 2 The amplitude normalization module normalizes the low frequency signal x 1 (t) according to the amplitude to obtain a low frequency signal x 2 (t), and inputs the low frequency signal x 2 (t) to the modulation ratio module;
  • Step 3 The modulation ratio module multiplies the low frequency signal x 2 (t) by the coefficient m to obtain a low frequency signal x 3 (t), and inputs the low frequency signal x 3 (t) to the level adjustment module;
  • Step 4 The level adjustment module performs level adjustment on the low frequency signal x 3 (t), that is, adds 1 to obtain a low frequency signal x 4 (t), and inputs the low frequency signal x 3 (t) to the root module;
  • Step 5 The square module performs square rooting on the low frequency signal x 4 (t) to obtain a low frequency signal x 5 (t), and inputs the low frequency signal x 5 (t) to the multiplier of the signal modulation unit;
  • Step 6 The audio carrier generator outputs an audio carrier signal x c (t) to a multiplier of the signal modulation unit;
  • Step 7 The multiplier multiplies the low frequency signal x 5 (t) by the audio carrier signal x c (t) to obtain the modulated signal y(t), and inputs the modulated signal y(t) to the audio power amplifier;
  • Step 8 The audio power amplifier amplifies the modulated signal y(t) and inputs it to the speaker;
  • Step 9 The speaker converts the modulated signal y(t) amplified by the audio power amplifier into an acoustic signal for transmission.
  • the acoustic beam has a long distance.
  • the absorption of sound waves by air is closely related to the frequency of sound waves.
  • the absorption coefficient is proportional to the square of the frequency of sound waves. When the frequency is increased by 10 times, the absorption coefficient increases by 100 times. As the frequency increases, the absorption attenuation increases significantly. Far below the audio carrier of the ultrasound band, the resulting acoustic beam has a small absorption attenuation in the air and a long propagation distance.
  • Sound wave energy utilization efficiency is high.
  • the only useful signals for bird repulsion are Modulation signal
  • the carrier is the ultrasonic frequency band, the bird can not perceive and can not play the bird-removing effect
  • the carrier frequency is located in the same sensitive audio frequency band of the bird, the modulation signal (bird natural enemy sound) and The carrier can play the role of repelling birds.
  • the modulation signal and the carrier are both active at close range, and the modulation signal is used to drive the bird at a long distance.
  • the acoustic beam parameters are easy to adjust. Since the carrier frequency is located in the audio, the electroacoustic conversion device can adopt an electric speaker. Compared with the ultrasonic transducer operating in a resonant state, the electric speaker has a wide bandwidth, and the carrier frequency can be conveniently adjusted over a wide range. Birds can choose the right carrier frequency for optimal bird repellent effect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a directional acoustic wave emitting device for bird repelling according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure of a directional acoustic wave emitting device for bird repellent based on DSP.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a DSP signal internal signal processing system.
  • a directional acoustic wave transmitting device for bird repelling is composed of a low frequency signal processing unit, a signal modulating unit, an audio power amplifier and a speaker array.
  • the low-frequency signal processing unit includes a low-pass filter, an amplitude normalization module, a modulation ratio module, a level adjustment module, and a square module, and the input signal x(t) is a bird natural enemy or other sound signal that causes fear of the bird. Located in the lower band of the audio range.
  • the low-pass filter performs low-pass filtering on the input low-frequency signal x(t) to obtain a low-frequency signal x 1 (t), wherein the boundary frequency F p of the low-pass filter is smaller than the carrier frequency F c ;
  • the amplitude is
  • the normalization module normalizes the low frequency signal x 1 (t) according to the amplitude to obtain a low frequency signal x 2 (t) whose amplitude is equal to 1V, or less than and approximately 1V; again, the modulation ratio module will be the low frequency signal x 2 (t) multiply the coefficient m, and perform level adjustment, that is, add 1 and open operation, respectively obtain low-frequency signals x 3 (t), x 4 (t), x 5 (t); where m is the modulation ratio, The value range is 0 ⁇ m ⁇ 1.
  • the relationship between the signals is as shown in equations (1) to (3):
  • the signal modulation unit includes an audio carrier generator and a multiplier.
  • the frequency F c of the audio carrier signal x c (t) generated by the audio carrier generator takes the higher frequency band of the audio range, which is greater than the boundary frequency F p of the low pass filter.
  • the modulated signal y(t) is equal to the product of the audio carrier signal x c (t) and the low frequency signal x 5 (t), as shown in equation (4):
  • the audio power amplifier includes L audio power amplifiers such as PA 1 , ..., PA L and the like.
  • the signal that is output after the modulated signal y(t) passes through each power amplifier is y 1 (t), ..., y L (t).
  • the speaker array includes L speakers such as S 1 , . . . , S L , etc., and uses a wide-band electric speaker, where L is the number of power amplifiers and speakers.
  • the directional acoustic wave emitting device for bird repellent based on DSP is shown in Fig. 2, including anti-aliasing filter module LPF 1 , analog-to-digital conversion module ADC, digital signal processing module DSP, digital-to-analog conversion module DAC, smoothing filter module.
  • LPF 1 anti-aliasing filter module
  • ADC analog-to-digital conversion module
  • DSP digital signal processing module
  • DAC digital-to-analog conversion module
  • smoothing filter module LPF 2
  • the reference value of the LPF 1 boundary frequency F p1 is 4 kHz
  • the reference value of the LPF 2 boundary frequency F p2 is 8 kHz.
  • the structure of the internal signal processing system of the DSP module is shown in FIG. 3, and includes an amplitude normalization module, a modulation ratio module, a level adjustment module, a square module, an audio carrier generator module, and a multiplier module.
  • the input signal x(n) is converted into a signal x 1 (n) having a value between -1 and 1 via an amplitude normalization module, and then converted into a signal x 2 (n) by a modulation ratio module and a level adjustment module.
  • x 3 (n) the relationship between the signals is as shown in equations (5) and (6):
  • the signal x 3 (n) is passed through the square root module to obtain x 4 (n), which is then modulated by the multiplier module on the audio carrier signal x c (n) to obtain y(n).
  • the relationship between the signals is as shown in equations (7) and (8):
  • the audio carrier generator module generates an audio sinusoidal signal of frequency F c with a reference value of 4 kHz; the sampling frequency F s of the digital processing module DSP is 4 to 10 times F c , and the reference value is 20 kHz.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte au domaine technique de l'électroacoustique, et concerne un dispositif et un procédé d'émission d'ondes acoustiques directionnelles pour repousser les oiseaux. Le dispositif comprend une unité de traitement de signal basse fréquence, une unité de modulation de signal, un amplificateur de puissance audio, et un réseau de haut-parleurs, une section de traitement de signal basse fréquence comprenant un module de filtre passe-bas, un module de taux de modulation, un module d'ajustement de niveau, un module de radication, etc., et un signal d'entrée de celle-ci étant le son d'un ennemi naturel des oiseaux ou d'autres sons qui effraient les oiseaux et entrant dans une bande de fréquences inférieure d'une plage audio ; une section de modulation de signal comprend des modules tels qu'un générateur de porteuse audio et un multiplicateur, et la fréquence d'un signal de porteuse audio entre dans une bande de fréquences supérieure de la plage audio ; un signal modulé est égal au produit du signal de porteuse et d'un signal basse fréquence, il est entraîné par l'amplificateur de puissance audio et est ensuite émis par le réseau de haut-parleurs de sorte à générer un faisceau d'ondes acoustiques. Le faisceau d'ondes acoustiques généré dans la présente invention est avantageux en ce qu'il est doté d'une longue distance d'action, d'une efficacité d'utilisation d'énergie d'ondes acoustiques élevée, et d'un réglage facile des paramètres.
PCT/CN2017/107393 2017-08-29 2017-10-23 Dispositif d'émission d'ondes acoustiques directionnelles, et procédé pour repousser les oiseaux WO2019041494A1 (fr)

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ZA2020/01274A ZA202001274B (en) 2017-08-29 2020-02-27 Directional acoustic wave emission device and method for repelling birds

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CN113316062A (zh) * 2021-05-26 2021-08-27 成都西科微波通讯有限公司 一种基于换能器环形阵列的全向音频调制方法
CN114720969A (zh) * 2021-01-04 2022-07-08 Aptiv技术有限公司 用于压缩雷达数据的方法和系统

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CN108513222A (zh) * 2018-06-04 2018-09-07 中国人民解放军火箭军工程大学 次声波发生装置
CN110087169A (zh) * 2019-06-03 2019-08-02 北京中安航信科技有限公司 一种定向声波驱散器
CN111816155A (zh) * 2020-07-03 2020-10-23 电子科技大学 一种可扩展、波束可控的定向声波发射装置
CN114432566A (zh) * 2021-12-30 2022-05-06 上海交通大学 利用可听声波的便携生物情绪调控装置及方法
CN115499738A (zh) * 2022-09-21 2022-12-20 电子科技大学 具备安全装置的可编程参量阵扬声器

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CN114720969A (zh) * 2021-01-04 2022-07-08 Aptiv技术有限公司 用于压缩雷达数据的方法和系统
CN113316062A (zh) * 2021-05-26 2021-08-27 成都西科微波通讯有限公司 一种基于换能器环形阵列的全向音频调制方法
CN113316062B (zh) * 2021-05-26 2024-02-02 成都西科微波通讯有限公司 一种基于换能器环形阵列的全向音频调制方法

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