WO2019038121A1 - Corps creux en béton à base d'aérogel haute performance - Google Patents

Corps creux en béton à base d'aérogel haute performance Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019038121A1
WO2019038121A1 PCT/EP2018/071952 EP2018071952W WO2019038121A1 WO 2019038121 A1 WO2019038121 A1 WO 2019038121A1 EP 2018071952 W EP2018071952 W EP 2018071952W WO 2019038121 A1 WO2019038121 A1 WO 2019038121A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
displacement body
concrete
body according
displacement
binder
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/071952
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Martina Schnellenbach-Held
Torsten Welsch
Barbara Milow
Original Assignee
Universität Duisburg-Essen
Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Universität Duisburg-Essen, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. filed Critical Universität Duisburg-Essen
Publication of WO2019038121A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019038121A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/049—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres completely or partially of insulating material, e.g. cellular concrete or foamed plaster
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00603—Ceiling materials

Definitions

  • Displacement body made of high-performance aerosol concrete
  • the invention relates to displacement bodies for reinforced concrete slabs comprising an airgel concrete mixture, to processes for their production, corresponding reinforced concrete ceilings and the use of high-performance aerated concrete as a displacement body in reinforced concrete slabs.
  • a special design is prestressed concrete hollow planks, in which the cavities are produced by a special manufacturing technology without remaining in the construction displacement body.
  • Other variants include steel stone ceilings or hollow stone ceilings, where the hollow body made of lightweight concrete or brick.
  • Such hollow bodies can have both load-bearing and non-load-bearing properties. Its primary use is weight reduction, which can be up to 40%.
  • weight reduction which can be up to 40%.
  • the use of the hitherto known hollow body in particular the following disadvantages:
  • the resulting in the ceiling construction cavities lead to a significant reduction of air and impact noise protection.
  • the vibration behavior is negatively influenced.
  • the use of hollow plastic-shelled containers requires the use of organic resources and may result in the emission of toxic gases in the event of fire. Subsequent anchoring of extensions is often impossible or only with considerable effort in such ceilings because of the cavities.
  • WO 2011/079844 A1 discloses a heat-insulating concrete structure with airgel tapes.
  • the insulating properties are achieved by incorporation of auxiliary bodies of inorganic materials or foamed polymers such as polystyrene, polyurethane or polypropylene.
  • auxiliary bodies of inorganic materials or foamed polymers such as polystyrene, polyurethane or polypropylene.
  • US 8,590,243 B2 discloses an insulating package comprising a recess filled with an insulating material. As the insulating material, a silica-based airgel material is described.
  • US 4,495,744 describes a displacement body for concrete structures, which may for example consist of lightweight concrete.
  • the displacement body is characterized by a cost-efficient production and should be able to meet the stability requirements despite its low weight.
  • EP 0 066 647 A1 discloses a building board made of reinforced concrete, in particular a ribbed concrete part.
  • the ribbed concrete sheet comprises a solid material displacement body, for example made of foamed plastic or lightweight concrete.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide displacement bodies for reinforced concrete slabs which avoid the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • displacement bodies for reinforced concrete slabs are to be provided which can reduce the weight of the ceiling without significantly weakening their load bearing capacity and at the same time improve the vibration behavior and the airborne and impact sound insulation, but in any case do not worsen it.
  • the displacement bodies can have an airgel granulate content of 40 to 80% by volume / m 3 .
  • the displacement bodies may have a content of inorganic hydraulic binder of 200 to 900 kg / m 3 .
  • the displacement body according to the invention is formed from a high performance aerated concrete.
  • the material may comprise further concrete constituents, such as, for example, silica gel, superplasticizers, stabilizers and lightweight aggregates, without the invention being limited to these additives.
  • displacement body according to the invention characterized by an extremely favorable ratio between bulk density and compressive strength, compressive strength and thermal conductivity and by excellent soundproofing properties. Moreover, it is completely inorganic and thus non-flammable and non-toxic or carcinogenic.
  • the displacement body according to the invention may have any geometric shape.
  • the displacement body may be approximately spherical or have a shape that is pronounced of a football.
  • the displacers may also have the shape of spherical discs as in the products Cobiax Slimline or Beeplate. It is also possible that the displacement body have the shape of a cube as in the product Daliform submarine. Furthermore, ellipsoids or tubular forms are conceivable.
  • the displacement body can take part of the volume, for example, a reinforced concrete ceiling.
  • the density of the displacement body is significantly lower than the density of the usual reinforced concrete ceiling. On in this way the total density of the reinforced concrete ceiling is reduced.
  • the displacement body according to the invention have a high load capacity, so that the reduction of the weight of the reinforced concrete ceiling is not accompanied by a significant reduction in their carrying capacity.
  • an inventive displacement body consist almost entirely of airgel granules.
  • the airgel content according to the invention should not exceed 90% by volume / m 3 .
  • the displacement body according to the invention contain a binder which improves the statics of the displacement body.
  • the displacers may also be available from a high performance aerosol concrete mix, wherein lower airgel levels of, for example, up to 75% by volume may be used in the mixture.
  • the displacement bodies according to the invention have only about 30% of the gross density of the extruded reinforced concrete and allow a corresponding reduction of the ceiling own weight and an increase in the possible ceiling support widths.
  • the disadvantages of the hollow body cover of the prior art are avoided by the use of high performance aerosol concrete.
  • the displacement bodies according to the invention make a contribution to the ceiling-bearing capacity. This can be further increased if the displacers are embedded in a high performance concrete (HPC) or ultra high performance concrete (UHPC) blanket or wrapped in a load-bearing shell, particularly HPC / UHPC.
  • HPC high performance concrete
  • UHPC ultra high performance concrete
  • the reinforced concrete paving body of the present invention is available from a concrete mix comprising 10 to 85% by volume / m 3 of airgel granules having a grain size in the range of 0.01 to 4 mm,
  • At least one lightweight aggregate such as light sands, expanded clay and / or expanded glass.
  • the displacement body 500 to 550 kg / m 3 of the inorganic hydraulic binder In a preferred embodiment, the displacement body 500 to 550 kg / m 3 of the inorganic hydraulic binder.
  • the inorganic hydraulic binder preferably comprises cement, in particular Portland cement, alkali-activated granulated slag sand and / or an aerosol binder.
  • the displacement bodies are obtainable from a concrete mixture whose silica gel suspension contains 1 to 60% by volume, in particular 50% by volume of active substance (solids content).
  • the concrete mixture preferably has a w / c value of from 0.20 to 0.60, in particular from 0.28 to 0.35.
  • Displacers are made by incorporating airgel granules into a high strength "aerosol concrete” cementitious matrix that combines the benefits of conventional concretes (high compressive strength, any formability) with the properties of thermal insulation material.
  • airgel concrete displacement bodies are provided.
  • the displacement bodies according to the invention have extraordinary thermal insulation properties and comparable compressive strength to normal concrete.
  • the outstanding thermal insulation properties are achieved in particular by the use of airgel granules in an amount of 10% by volume to 75% by volume / m 3 , in particular 60 to 65% by volume / m 3 .
  • the grain size of the airgel is 0.01 to 4 mm, in particular 1 to 4 mm. This grain size can be obtained by simple sieving. This fine particles, especially dust are removed. The presence of these fines leads to a deterioration of the compressive strength values.
  • Light surcharges eg light sands, expanded clay, expanded glass.
  • Fig. 1 shows the temperature curves for the mixture M IO. During the first few hours, a significant increase in core temperatures was observed. After five to eight hours, the maximum temperature was reached. The high core temperature resulted from the high cement content and the addition of silica fume (see also Held M High-Strength Constructive Lightweight Concrete 1996; 7: 411-415). The three temperature curves do not decrease as much as they rise.
  • the core temperature for the mixtures M 1 to M 13 after 26 hours was between 20 ° C and 25 ° C. During this period the air or water temperature was kept between 20 ° C and 25 ° C. Therefore, it can be assumed that the hydration process was completed after 26 h.
  • the heat treatment of the sample cubes is also shown in FIG. 1 shown.
  • the drying oven had an ambient temperature between 84 ° C and 93 ° C.
  • the core temperature of the concrete cubes reached a maximum of 80 ° C and depends mainly on the high cement content and the silica content. The influence of the selected heat treatment on the compressive strength is low.
  • the thermal conductivity of some mixtures was determined using the Transient Hot Bridge (THB) measurement method.
  • TTB Transient Hot Bridge
  • the results of the IfM and Gao et al. (loc.cit) are shown in FIG. A correlation between compressive strength and thermal conductivity is clearly visible. In both investigations, the thermal conductivity increases with increasing compressive strength (and bulk density).
  • the test results from Gao et al. (loc.cit.) lie between 8 MPa and 62 MPa with associated thermal conductivities between 0.26 W / (m-K) and 1.9 W / (m-K), whereas the pressure strengths and heat conductivities determined according to the invention are between 6 MPa and 25 MPa or 0.17 W / (mK) and 0.26 W / (mK). That is, for the material of the displacement body according to the invention were comparable in Compressive strengths smaller values for the thermal conductivity and thus better thermal insulation properties found.
  • Fig. 3 shows the relationship between compressive strength and thermal conductivity.
  • displacement bodies according to the invention can be obtained from a high-performance aerosol concrete with an increase in compressive strength while retaining good thermal insulation properties.
  • the compressive strength correlated with the bulk density and reached values up to 25.0 MPa. With regard to the compressive strengths after seven and 28 days, no clear trend could be observed.
  • the thermal conductivities were determined to be 0.16 ⁇ ⁇ 0.26 W / (m-K), which is to be equated with good thermal insulation properties.
  • the best mixture achieved a compressive strength of 10 MPa with an associated bulk density of 860 kg / m 3 and a thermal conductivity of 0.17 W / (m-K).
  • a further embodiment of the invention consists in a method of producing displacement bodies for reinforced concrete slabs using the above-described mixture with water. It is of particular importance to first mix the solid at room temperature components together before the liquid at room temperature ingredients, especially water-solvent or water-silica mixture and optionally water, are added.
  • Silica gel suspensions according to the present invention are commercially available and include in particular a highly reactive amorphous Mikrosilica- water mixture with large specific surface area, for example, MC Centrilit ® Fume SX: Blaine value 20000, i.e. 4 to 5 times greater than Cement / binder. Mixing ratio 1: 1 (by volume).
  • Flow agents according to the present invention are commercially available and include, in particular commercially available polycarboxylates, for example, Power Flow ® 3100: weight polycarboxylate with 30% solids, high charge density and short side chains..
  • Stabilizers for the purposes of the present invention are commercially available and include, in particular commercially available organic polymers, for example MC stabilizer ® 520, water absorbing and water intercalation cellulose.
  • the concrete mixtures may also contain other conventional concrete admixtures and concrete admixtures.
  • accelerator solidification accelerator and hardening accelerator
  • Sand (p> 1400 kg / m 3 ) is generally not required because it is replaced by airgel granules.
  • Airgel concretes dry within a few days and show only a low water absorption capacity after hardening.
  • the solidification time is, for example, only a few minutes, while the hydration process takes about 24 hours.
  • Aerogels are non-toxic, not carcinogenic and have been classified by the Federal Environmental Agency of the Federal Republic of Germany as "largely harmless material”.
  • Airgel concrete is an excellent fire protection material and has a high sound absorption.
  • the displacement bodies according to the invention are shaped so that displacement bodies having the desired shape are obtained.
  • the displacement body can be manufactured as a component, which are introduced in the already hardened state in the slab formwork.
  • the molding of the displacement bodies can be done by appropriate formwork ("molding"), or by the production of blanks that are machined by machining, or by 3D printing.
  • the object underlying the invention is achieved by reinforced concrete slabs which comprise the displacement bodies according to the invention of high-performance aerosol concrete.
  • a reinforced concrete ceiling according to the invention is distinguished from conventional reinforced concrete ceilings by a lower density and thus a lower total weight, which is achieved by introducing the displacement body according to the invention.
  • the carrying capacity of the reinforced concrete ceiling according to the invention is impaired only slightly by the introduction of the displacement body according to the invention.
  • the displacement bodies according to the invention are enveloped with a load-bearing shell of high-performance or ultra-high performance concrete, a particularly good load-bearing capacity of the reinforced concrete ceiling according to the invention is shown.
  • the reinforced concrete ceiling according to the invention can also be formed from high-performance or ultra-high-performance concrete into which the displacement bodies according to the invention are introduced, resulting in a particularly high bearing capacity.
  • the reinforced concrete ceiling according to the invention also has the advantage of low thermal conductivity, high fire resistance and high sound density. By reducing the weight of the reinforced concrete ceiling possible ceiling support widths are increased.
  • the reinforced concrete ceiling according to the invention preferably contains the displacement bodies according to the invention in a volume fraction of 10 to 60%.
  • the reinforced concrete ceiling according to the invention particularly preferably contains the displacement bodies according to the invention in a volume fraction of 20 to 40%, very particularly preferably 35%.
  • the displacement bodies according to the invention can be distributed uniformly in the reinforced concrete ceiling. However, the displacement body according to the invention may also be concentrated at certain points of the reinforced concrete ceiling.
  • the properties such as weight, thermal conductivity, load-bearing capacity and sound density can be adjusted as desired by local variation of the volume fraction of displacement bodies according to the invention.
  • the displacement bodies can be omitted in the punch-through area in order not to reduce the punch-through capacity. Furthermore, an omission of the displacement body in the support strip is conceivable to increase the ceiling stiffness.
  • a reinforced concrete ceiling according to the invention can be produced by introducing the displacement bodies according to the invention into the not yet hardened reinforced concrete ceiling.
  • the displacement body can also be connected to the reinforcement of the reinforced concrete ceiling, before the ceiling concrete is introduced and hardens.
  • the task according to the invention is achieved by the use of the displacement body according to the invention in concrete materials.
  • the displacement bodies according to the invention comprising high-performance aerosol concrete, can be used in principle in any conventional concrete material as a displacement body.
  • the use of the displacement body according to the invention as a displacement body in concrete materials has the advantage of a high weight reduction of the material while maintaining the carrying capacity, a low thermal conductivity and high sound density.
  • the displacement bodies according to the invention are used as displacement bodies in reinforced concrete ceilings.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des corps creux pour des planchers en béton armé, qui comprennent un mélange de béton à base d'aérogel, ainsi que des procédés pour leur fabrication, des planchers en béton armé correspondants ainsi que l'utilisation de béton à base d'aérogel haute performance sous la forme de corps creux dans des planchers en béton armé.
PCT/EP2018/071952 2017-08-21 2018-08-13 Corps creux en béton à base d'aérogel haute performance WO2019038121A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017119087.2A DE102017119087A1 (de) 2017-08-21 2017-08-21 Verdrängungskörper aus Hochleistungsaerogelbeton
DE102017119087.2 2017-08-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019038121A1 true WO2019038121A1 (fr) 2019-02-28

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PCT/EP2018/071952 WO2019038121A1 (fr) 2017-08-21 2018-08-13 Corps creux en béton à base d'aérogel haute performance

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WO (1) WO2019038121A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112279612A (zh) * 2020-10-30 2021-01-29 武汉理工大学 一种仿生3d打印气凝胶保温板材及其制备方法
CN113372072A (zh) * 2021-08-03 2021-09-10 河北工业大学 一种含SiO2气凝胶的3D打印保温混凝土及其制备方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3738941A1 (fr) * 2019-05-14 2020-11-18 ETH Zurich Procédé de fabrication d'un élément composite, dispositif de fabrication de l'élément composite, élément composite et utilisation de l'élément composite

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1659048A1 (de) * 1968-02-08 1970-12-10 Both Dipl Ing Reinhard Stahlbetonplatte mit Verdraengungskoerpern zur Verringerung des Eigengewichtes
DE2148936A1 (de) * 1971-09-30 1973-04-05 Apian Bennewitz Fritz Dr Teilvorgefertigte decke
DE2515197A1 (de) * 1975-04-08 1976-10-21 Julius Georg Stefan Dip Keller Vorgefertigtes, plattenfoermiges wandelement
EP0066647A1 (fr) 1981-05-18 1982-12-15 Carl, Heinz, Ing.grad. Panneau mural
EP0094067A2 (fr) * 1982-05-12 1983-11-16 Baugesellschaft Nägele & Co. Elément de remplissage pour éléments de plancher ou de paroi
US4495744A (en) 1981-05-18 1985-01-29 Heinz Carl Displacement body
AT392963B (de) * 1987-08-25 1991-07-25 Stracke Ing Markus Verfahren zur herstellung von leichtbetonstoffen und deren schnellhaertung
WO2011079844A1 (fr) 2009-12-31 2011-07-07 Kirkegaard Kim Joergen Schultz Matériau à base de ciment comprenant un matériau en ruban isolant en nano-aérogel
WO2013148843A2 (fr) * 2012-03-30 2013-10-03 Dow Global Technologies Llc Compositions d'aérogel précurseur de géopolymère
US8590243B2 (en) 2008-10-21 2013-11-26 Rockwool International A/S Thermally insulated building brick
DE102015210921A1 (de) 2015-06-15 2016-12-15 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Hochleistungsaerogelbeton

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1659048A1 (de) * 1968-02-08 1970-12-10 Both Dipl Ing Reinhard Stahlbetonplatte mit Verdraengungskoerpern zur Verringerung des Eigengewichtes
DE2148936A1 (de) * 1971-09-30 1973-04-05 Apian Bennewitz Fritz Dr Teilvorgefertigte decke
DE2515197A1 (de) * 1975-04-08 1976-10-21 Julius Georg Stefan Dip Keller Vorgefertigtes, plattenfoermiges wandelement
EP0066647A1 (fr) 1981-05-18 1982-12-15 Carl, Heinz, Ing.grad. Panneau mural
US4495744A (en) 1981-05-18 1985-01-29 Heinz Carl Displacement body
EP0094067A2 (fr) * 1982-05-12 1983-11-16 Baugesellschaft Nägele & Co. Elément de remplissage pour éléments de plancher ou de paroi
AT392963B (de) * 1987-08-25 1991-07-25 Stracke Ing Markus Verfahren zur herstellung von leichtbetonstoffen und deren schnellhaertung
US8590243B2 (en) 2008-10-21 2013-11-26 Rockwool International A/S Thermally insulated building brick
WO2011079844A1 (fr) 2009-12-31 2011-07-07 Kirkegaard Kim Joergen Schultz Matériau à base de ciment comprenant un matériau en ruban isolant en nano-aérogel
WO2013148843A2 (fr) * 2012-03-30 2013-10-03 Dow Global Technologies Llc Compositions d'aérogel précurseur de géopolymère
DE102015210921A1 (de) 2015-06-15 2016-12-15 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Hochleistungsaerogelbeton

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
GIBSON L.J.; ASHBY M.F.: "Cellular solids", 1997, CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS, pages: 213
HELD M., HOCHFESTER KONSTRUKTIONS-LEICHTBETON, vol. 7, 1996, pages 411 - 415

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112279612A (zh) * 2020-10-30 2021-01-29 武汉理工大学 一种仿生3d打印气凝胶保温板材及其制备方法
CN113372072A (zh) * 2021-08-03 2021-09-10 河北工业大学 一种含SiO2气凝胶的3D打印保温混凝土及其制备方法

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