WO2019037744A1

WO2019037744A1 - Electric vehicle and hub drive mechanism thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2019037744A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/101777
Authority: WO
Inventors: 董伟超; 马英; 陈慧勇; 张晓伟; 左利锋; 白学森; 付昱; 王慧忠; 郑灏
Original assignee: 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司
Priority date: 2017-08-23
Filing date: 2018-08-22
Publication date: 2019-02-28
Also published as: CN109421512A

Abstract

Disclosed are an electric vehicle and a hub drive mechanism thereof. The hub drive mechanism comprises an electric motor (8) and an axle housing (9), wherein the electric motor (8) is connected to a hub reduction gear (10). The hub drive mechanism further comprises a half shaft (11) drivingly connected to the hub reduction gear (10), wherein the half shaft (11) is connected to a planetary train speed reduction mechanism (12) arranged on an inner side of a wheel hub (3); one end of the half shaft (11) is a wheel hub fixing end configured to be fixedly connected to the wheel hub (3), and the other end thereof is a planetary train fixing end connected to the planetary train speed reduction mechanism (12); an output shaft of the hub reduction gear (10) is connected to the planetary train speed reduction mechanism (12); and the half shaft (11) is drivingly connected to a hub reduction mechanism by means of the planetary train speed reduction mechanism (12). The planetary train speed reduction mechanism, the electric motor and the hub reduction gear are located on the same side of the wheel hub, producing a compact structure, and the planetary train speed reduction mechanism and the hub reduction gear can use one and the same lubricating oil system.

Description

Electric vehicle and its wheel drive mechanism

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of wheel drive systems, and in particular to an electric vehicle and a wheel drive mechanism thereof.

Background technique

With the rapid increase in car ownership, the energy shortage and air pollution problems brought by the car to the earth are becoming more and more serious. New energy vehicles, especially pure electric vehicles, have become the direction of active research and development by major manufacturers. The wheel-side drive power system has no differential. Small size, light weight, high efficiency, high integration, good NVH performance, wheel-side drive power system is arranged at the wheel end, the whole vehicle can realize wide channel, full low floor, and has broad prospects in the bus BUS field.

The transmission electric vehicle adopts the motor, the main reducer is driven centrally, or adopts the motor, the reducer or the transmission, and the main reducer is driven centrally. The main reducer has low working efficiency, large noise, large volume and heavy weight. Although the transmission bias bridge can realize low floor and wide passage, it still needs the main reducer to change the torque transmission direction. The main reducer has low working efficiency, high noise and poor overall vehicle comfort.

The Chinese patent application with the publication number CN102555773A and the application publication date is 2012.07.11 discloses a rear axle of a low floor door type wheel motor for an electric vehicle, including a axle housing, a motor, a primary speed reducer and a secondary speed reducer. The front end of the reducer is connected to the axle housing. The motor stator is fixed in the front end of the first-stage reducer housing. The rotor is connected to the output shaft of the motor shaft to drive the output shaft of the motor to rotate. The output shaft of the motor is parallel to the axial direction of the hub. The planetary gear is used, and the brake is arranged outside the casing of the primary reducer for braking the hub, and the motor, the primary reducer, the secondary reducer, the brake and the hub are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the axle housing. The electric vehicle wheel drive axle motor is integrated in the axle housing, and the power transmission direction is parallel to the axial direction of the hub. The secondary speed reducer is used to drive the wheel, the main reducer is eliminated, the transmission efficiency is improved, and the vehicle comfort is improved. However, the planetary reduction mechanism of the wheel is disposed on the outer side of the hub, and the planetary reduction mechanism and the motor are respectively disposed on both sides of the hub, resulting in the density of the entire system. The sealing structure is complicated, and the two-stage reducer is difficult to share the problem of the lubricating oil system.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a wheel drive mechanism to solve the complicated sealing structure caused by the planetary reduction mechanism of the current wheel drive mechanism and the motor disposed on both sides of the hub, and it is difficult for the two-stage reducer to share the lubricating oil system. problem. Further, it is an object of the present invention to provide an electric vehicle using the above-described wheel drive mechanism.

In order to achieve the above object, a first technical solution of the wheel drive mechanism of the present invention is that the wheel drive mechanism includes a motor and a bridge housing disposed on the inner side of the hub, and the motor is coupled with a wheel reducer, and includes a wheel edge The reducer drives the connected half shaft, and the half shaft is connected with a planetary speed reduction mechanism for being disposed inside the hub, one end of the half shaft is a fixed end of the hub for fixed connection with the hub, and the other end is decelerated with the planetary system The fixed end of the planetary system connected to the mechanism, the output shaft of the wheel reducer is connected with the planetary speed reduction mechanism, and the half shaft is driven and connected with the wheel speed reduction mechanism by a planetary speed reduction mechanism.

The second technical solution of the wheel drive mechanism of the present invention is: based on the first technical solution of the wheel drive mechanism of the present invention, the planetary reduction mechanism is in the axle housing, saves space, and drives on the wheel side. The organization is compact.

A third technical solution of the wheel drive mechanism of the present invention is: based on the second technical solution of the wheel drive mechanism of the present invention, the wheel reducer includes a wheel reducer housing and is disposed at the wheel side to reduce the speed. The reducer body in the housing is detachably and fixedly connected to the shaft tube in the hub, and the other end is detachably and fixedly connected with the wheel reducer housing to facilitate the replacement of the planetary reduction mechanism.

A fourth technical solution of the wheel drive mechanism of the present invention is: based on the third technical solution of the wheel drive mechanism of the present invention, the wheel reducer and the motor are separately arranged, and the motor housing is The wheel reducer housing can be detachably and fixedly connected to facilitate the replacement of the motor and the wheel reducer.

The fifth technical solution of the wheel drive mechanism of the present invention is that, according to any one of the first to fourth aspects of the wheel drive mechanism of the present invention, the wheel reducer is connected to the motor shaft. The output shaft of the input shaft and the planetary speed reduction mechanism are both on the side of the wheel reducer facing the hub, which reduces the occupied space of the wheel drive mechanism and has a more flexible layout.

The sixth technical solution of the wheel drive mechanism of the present invention is: according to any one of the first to fourth aspects of the wheel drive mechanism of the present invention, the motor is disposed on the diameter of the axle housing To the side, increase the compactness of the system and increase the space in the car.

A seventh technical solution of the wheel drive mechanism of the present invention is that, in addition to the sixth technical solution of the wheel drive mechanism of the present invention, the motor is disposed on the front side or the rear side of the axle housing.

In order to achieve the above object, a first technical solution of the electric vehicle of the present invention is that the electric vehicle includes a vehicle body and a wheel drive mechanism disposed on the vehicle body, and the vehicle body includes a hub and a shaft tube that is worn in the hub, and the wheel side drive mechanism The motor includes an axle housing disposed on the inner side of the hub, the motor is coupled to the wheel reducer, and further includes a half shaft that is drivingly coupled to the wheel reducer, the half shaft being coupled to a planetary gear reduction mechanism disposed inside the hub, One end of the half shaft is a fixed end of the hub fixedly connected to the hub, and the other end is a fixed end of the planetary system connected to the planetary reduction mechanism, the output shaft of the wheel reducer is connected with the planetary reduction mechanism, and the half shaft passes through the planetary system. The speed reduction mechanism is connected to the wheel side speed reduction mechanism.

A second technical solution of the electric vehicle of the present invention is that, in addition to the first technical solution of the electric vehicle of the present invention, the planetary reduction mechanism is in the axle housing.

A third technical solution of the electric vehicle of the present invention is: based on the second technical solution of the electric vehicle of the present invention, the wheel reducer includes a wheel reducer housing and a housing disposed in the wheel reducer housing The reducer body has one end fixedly connected to the shaft tube in the hub and the other end fixedly connected to the housing of the wheel reducer.

A fourth technical solution of the electric vehicle of the present invention is: based on the third technical solution of the electric vehicle of the present invention, the wheel reducer and the motor are separately arranged, the motor housing and the wheel reducer The housing is detachably and fixedly connected.

The fifth technical solution of the electric vehicle of the present invention is: based on any one of the first to fourth aspects of the electric vehicle of the present invention, the input shaft connected to the motor shaft on the wheel reducer and The output shafts connected to the planetary reduction mechanism are all on the side of the wheel reducer facing the hub.

A sixth technical solution of the electric vehicle of the present invention is that, in addition to any one of the first to fourth aspects of the wheel drive mechanism of the present invention, the motor is disposed on a radial side of the axle housing Increase the compactness of the system and increase the space in the car.

A seventh technical solution of the electric vehicle according to the present invention is that, in addition to the sixth aspect of the wheel drive mechanism of the present invention, the motor is disposed on a front side or a rear side of the axle housing.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are that the planetary reduction mechanism of the wheel drive mechanism of the present invention is located inside the hub, compared with the current wheel drive mechanism in which the planetary reduction mechanism and the wheel reducer are respectively disposed on both sides of the hub. The planetary speed reduction mechanism of the wheel drive mechanism of the invention is on the same side of the hub as the motor and the wheel reducer, and the structure is compact. The planetary speed reduction mechanism and the wheel reducer can use the same lubricating oil system to solve the current wheel edge. The planetary system speed reduction mechanism of the drive mechanism and the motor are disposed on both sides of the hub, and the sealing structure is complicated, and the two-stage reducer is difficult to share the lubricating oil system.

DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic structural view of a wheel drive mechanism of a first embodiment of an electric vehicle according to the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural view of a wheel drive mechanism of a second embodiment of the electric vehicle according to the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural view of a wheel drive mechanism of a third embodiment of the electric vehicle according to the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural view of a wheel drive mechanism of a fourth embodiment of the electric vehicle of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a view showing the configuration of a wheel drive mechanism of a fifth embodiment of the electric vehicle of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

In a specific embodiment 1 of the electric vehicle of the present invention, the electric vehicle includes a vehicle body and a wheel drive mechanism disposed on the vehicle body. As shown in FIG. 1, the vehicle body includes a wheel including a tire 1, a rim 2, a hub 3, and the hub 3. A rotary bearing 5 is disposed between the hub 3 and the shaft tube 4, and a brake 6 and a brake disc 7 are further disposed on the wheel. The wheel drive mechanism includes a motor 8 and a bridge housing 9 disposed inside the hub 3. The motor 8 is coupled to the wheel reducer 10. In the present embodiment, the wheel reducer 10 employs a two-stage parallel shaft reducer. A axle shaft 11 that is drivingly coupled to the wheel reducer 10 and a planetary gear reduction mechanism 12 coupled to the wheel reducer 10 are mounted in the axle housing 9, and the axle shaft 11 is transmitted through the planetary reduction mechanism 12 and the wheel reducer 10. connection.

One end of the half shaft 11 is a fixed end of the hub for fixed connection with the hub 3, and the other end is a planetary fixed end connected to the planetary reduction mechanism 12. The output shaft of the wheel reducer 10 is coupled to the planetary reduction mechanism 12. Specifically, the planetary reduction mechanism 12 includes a sun gear 121 and a planetary gear 122. The output shaft of the planetary reduction mechanism 12 is fixedly coupled to the planetary gear 122, and the planetary fixed end of the half shaft 11 is fixed to the output shaft of the planetary reduction mechanism 12. The output shaft of the wheel reducer 10 is fixedly coupled to the input shaft of the planetary reduction mechanism 12, and the input shaft of the planetary reduction mechanism is fixedly coupled to the sun gear 121.

The wheel reducer 10 includes a wheel reducer housing and a deceleration body disposed in the wheel reducer. The motor 8 includes a motor housing and a movement disposed in the motor housing. The motor housing and the wheel reducer housing are detachably fixed. Connections make it easy to replace the motor and wheel reducer as needed. In the present embodiment, the motor 8 is disposed on the front side of the axle housing 9.

The planetary system speed reduction mechanism 12 is fixed in the axle housing 9. One end of the axle housing 9 is fixed to the shaft tube 4, and the other end is detachably fixed to the wheel side reducer housing, so that the axle housing 9 can be disassembled and assembled, and the planetary system can be realized as needed. Replacement of the speed reduction mechanism 12 model. In the present embodiment, the output shaft of the planetary reduction mechanism 12 extends to one end of the axle housing 9 that is fixed to the shaft tube 4.

The wheel reducer 10, the motor 8 and the axle housing 9 in the embodiment are detachably connected, so that the wheel drive mechanism can be modularized, and the planetary system in the wheel reducer 10, the motor 8, and the axle housing 9 When the speed reduction mechanism 12 needs to be replaced or repaired, it can be quickly replaced. The output torque can be changed by changing the ratio of the wheel speed reducer 10 speed ratio or the planetary system speed reduction mechanism 12 according to the design and use requirements of the vehicle, and it is easy to realize a large speed ratio high torque transmission.

The planetary reduction mechanism 12 in this embodiment is disposed in the axle housing 9, and the planetary reduction mechanism 12 is disposed adjacent to the wheel reducer 10, so that the structure of the wheel drive mechanism of the present invention is more compact and easy to seal. The side reducer 10, the motor 8, and the planetary reduction mechanism 12 can use the same set of lubricating oil systems, simplifying the arrangement of the lubricating oil system.

In this embodiment, the input shaft of the wheel reducer 10 is fixedly coupled to the motor shaft, and the output shaft of the wheel reducer 10 is fixedly coupled to the input shaft of the planetary reduction mechanism 12, wherein the input shaft and output of the wheel reducer 10 are input. The shafts are each on the side of the wheel reducer 10 facing the hub 3. The wheel reducer 10 and the motor 8 and the axle housing 9 are arranged in a "pin" shape, and the structure is compact. The motor 8 is arranged on the inner side of the hub 3, and the angle can be randomly arranged with the installation angle of the wheel reducer 10, and the overall arrangement of the system is flexible. change. The position of the motor 8 reducer is flexible, which is conducive to the overall vehicle layout.

The wheel side drive mechanism of the electric vehicle of the invention has no differential, small volume, light weight, high efficiency, high integration and good NVH performance. The electric vehicle in this embodiment is an independent suspension electric drive bridge, wherein the axle housing corresponds to the bridge tube of the independent suspension electric drive bridge. In other embodiments, the electric vehicle may also employ a rigid electric drive bridge, in which case the axle housing corresponds to the support arm of the rigid electric drive bridge.

In the second embodiment of the electric vehicle of the present invention, the electric vehicle in the present embodiment is different from the above-described specific embodiment 1 only in that, as shown in FIG. 2, the motor 8 is disposed on the rear side of the axle housing 9 in this embodiment.

In the third embodiment of the electric vehicle according to the present invention, the electric vehicle in the present embodiment is different from the above-described second embodiment only in that, as shown in FIG. 3, in the present embodiment, the planetary reduction mechanism 12 is disposed close to the hub 3.

In the fourth embodiment of the electric vehicle of the present invention, the electric vehicle in the present embodiment is different from the above-described embodiment 2 only in that, as shown in FIG. 4, in the present embodiment, the planetary system speed reduction mechanism 12 includes a sun gear 4121. The planetary gear 4122 and the ring gear, the output shaft of the planetary reduction mechanism 12 is fixedly coupled to the ring gear, and the planetary fixed end of the half shaft 11 is fixedly coupled to the output shaft of the planetary reduction mechanism 12.

In a specific embodiment 5 of the electric vehicle of the present invention, the electric vehicle in the present embodiment is different from the above-described specific embodiment 4 only in that, as shown in FIG. 5, the motor 8 is disposed on the front side of the axle housing 9 in this embodiment.

In the specific embodiment of the wheel drive mechanism of the present invention, the structure of the wheel drive mechanism in this embodiment is the same as that of the wheel drive mechanism described in any one of the embodiments of the electric vehicle. ,No longer.

In another embodiment of the electric vehicle and the wheel drive mechanism thereof, the wheel reducer may be a single-stage parallel shaft speed reduction mechanism or the like; the planetary system speed reduction mechanism and the wheel reducer may be connected by a transmission shaft, and the planetary system The speed reduction mechanism may be provided with a planetary reduction mechanism housing, one end of the axle housing is detachably and fixedly connected with the planetary reduction mechanism housing, and the planetary reduction mechanism housing and the wheel reducer housing are detachably and fixedly connected; the motor and the wheel side The reducer can be integrated; the motor and the wheel reducer can be arranged along the axial direction of the hub; the motor can be arranged on the radial side of the axle housing, and the motor can be placed under the axle housing, or obliquely downward, obliquely upward, as needed Wait for any position.

Claims

a wheel drive mechanism comprising a motor and an axle housing disposed on the inner side of the hub, the motor coupled to the wheel reducer, and a half shaft coupled to the wheel reducer, wherein the half shaft connection is used for a planetary reduction mechanism disposed on the inner side of the hub, one end of the half shaft being a fixed end of the hub for fixed connection with the hub, and the other end being a fixed end of the planetary system connected to the planetary reduction mechanism, the wheel reducer The output shaft is coupled to the planetary reduction mechanism, and the half shaft is coupled to the wheel speed reduction mechanism via a planetary reduction mechanism.
The wheel drive mechanism according to claim 1, wherein said planetary reduction mechanism is located in a bridge housing.
The wheel drive mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the wheel reducer comprises a wheel reducer housing and a reducer body disposed in the wheel reducer housing, the axle housing being used at one end The shaft tube in the hub is detachably and fixedly connected, and the other end is detachably and fixedly connected to the wheel reducer housing.
The wheel drive mechanism according to claim 3, wherein the wheel reducer and the motor are separately arranged, and the motor housing and the wheel reducer housing are detachably and fixedly connected.
The wheel drive mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the input shaft connected to the motor shaft on the wheel reducer and the output shaft connected to the planetary reduction mechanism are both at the wheel reducer facing the hub. One side.
A wheel drive mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the motor is disposed on a radial side of the axle housing.
The wheel drive mechanism according to claim 6, wherein the motor is disposed on a front side or a rear side of the axle housing.
An electric vehicle comprising a vehicle body and a wheel drive mechanism disposed on the vehicle body, the vehicle body comprising a hub and a shaft tube mounted in the hub, wherein the wheel drive mechanism is the wheel according to any one of claims 1-7 Side drive mechanism.