WO2019037708A1 - 移动式易清洗节能制冷设备 - Google Patents

移动式易清洗节能制冷设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019037708A1
WO2019037708A1 PCT/CN2018/101480 CN2018101480W WO2019037708A1 WO 2019037708 A1 WO2019037708 A1 WO 2019037708A1 CN 2018101480 W CN2018101480 W CN 2018101480W WO 2019037708 A1 WO2019037708 A1 WO 2019037708A1
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Prior art keywords
cylinder
condenser
compressor
main unit
refrigerant
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PCT/CN2018/101480
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
龚炳新
Original Assignee
龚炳新
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201710776705.6A external-priority patent/CN107726655A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201711499875.0A external-priority patent/CN108317647A/zh
Application filed by 龚炳新 filed Critical 龚炳新
Publication of WO2019037708A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019037708A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/06—Separate outdoor units, e.g. outdoor unit to be linked to a separate room comprising a compressor and a heat exchanger
    • F24F1/08—Compressors specially adapted for separate outdoor units
    • F24F1/10—Arrangement or mounting thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/06—Separate outdoor units, e.g. outdoor unit to be linked to a separate room comprising a compressor and a heat exchanger
    • F24F1/14—Heat exchangers specially adapted for separate outdoor units
    • F24F1/16—Arrangement or mounting thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity

Definitions

  • the mobile easy-to-clean energy-saving refrigeration device comprises a host and an external condenser.
  • the bottom of the main unit and the outer condenser of the main unit are equipped with wheels to make it easy to move.
  • the main engine includes main components such as compressor, internal condenser, expansion valve, evaporator, 2/2-way valve, magnetic switch, cylinder group, sealed container and generator.
  • the refrigerant flows through the compressor, the two-position four-way valve, the cylinder group, the internal condenser, the expansion valve, and the evaporator, and finally enters the compressor from the evaporator. Since the compressor can obtain the same cooling and heating effect with less power consumption, the external condenser of the main unit is easy to clean, and the heat dissipation effect is good.
  • the negative pressure fan of the evaporator makes the heat exchange of the evaporator quick and easy to clean, and the evaporator The heat exchange effect is good, and the cylinder group can use the atmospheric pressure in the sealed container to generate electricity and compensate the compressor for power consumption, thereby saving energy.
  • the present invention provides a mobile easy-to-clean energy-saving refrigeration device.
  • the mobile easy-to-clean energy-saving refrigeration device comprises two parts: a main unit and a condenser outside the main unit; the bottom of the main unit and the outer condenser of the main unit are equipped with wheels to make it easy to move.
  • the main engine includes a compressor, an internal condenser, an expansion valve, an evaporator, a cylinder block, a two-position four-way valve, a magnetic switch, a sealed container, and a generator.
  • the condenser in the main unit is a casing type condenser.
  • the outside of the condenser in the main unit is wrapped with thermal insulation material.
  • the outer tube of the condenser in the main unit is a seamless steel tube, and the inner tube is a copper tube; the refrigerant gas enters from the inner tube, and the cooling water enters. Entering from the cavity of the casing, the direction of flow of the cooling water is opposite to the direction of flow of the refrigerant.
  • the water pump and the hose are connected between the external condenser of the main engine and the condenser inside the main body.
  • the water pump causes the cooling water to conduct heat through the hose to the external condenser of the main machine, and the external condenser of the main engine distributes the heat to the environment through the fan.
  • the evaporator consists of a shrink nozzle, a pipe, a copper pipe and a negative pressure fan.
  • the refrigerant flows in the copper pipe.
  • the shrink nozzle has a filter screen.
  • the filter screen is used to filter dust.
  • the inlet airflow of the shrink nozzle is from the ambient atmosphere.
  • the tube is installed in the pipe connecting the outlet of the shrinking nozzle, the inlet of the pipe is connected to the outlet of the shrinking nozzle, the negative pressure fan is installed at the outlet of the pipe, the negative pressure fan accelerates the airflow in the shrinking nozzle, and the airflow is accelerated to accelerate the heat exchange of the evaporator;
  • the tubes and pipes are detachable, making the evaporator copper tubes easy to clean.
  • the P port of the 2/2-way valve is connected to the compressor outlet, the A port and the B port of the 2/2-way valve are connected to the cylinder air hole, and the T port of the 2/2-way valve is connected to the condenser inlet.
  • the cylinder group is composed of two or more cylinders.
  • the cylinder is a double-acting cylinder.
  • the cylinder has various structures.
  • the piston rod of one cylinder is fixed on the cylinder heads on both ends.
  • the piston can slide on the piston rod, and the piston side is Hemispherical or concave, this side can be filled with refrigerant, the air hole on this side is connected to the A or B port of the 2/2-way valve;
  • the other side of the piston is a plane, this side is filled with high-pressure air, and the air hole on this side is connected to the sealed container;
  • the probe of the magnetic switch is mounted on the cylinder head filled with the high-pressure air side, and the refrigerant sequentially enters each cylinder of the cylinder group from the compressor.
  • the magnetic switch controls the spool movement of the 2/2-way valve
  • the cylinder is connected with the T port of the 2/2-way valve, and the high-pressure air causes the refrigerant to enter the condenser.
  • the P port of the 2/2-way valve is connected to the A port or the B port, and the refrigerant coming out of the compressor enters. Another cylinder.
  • the gas pressure in the sealed container is equal to or higher than the refrigerant liquefaction pressure at the ambient temperature, and the gas pressure in the sealed container is equal to or greater than the compressor outlet pressure.
  • the cylinder and the sealed container are wrapped with insulation material, and the cylinder and the sealed container are equipped with an electric heater for heating the cylinder and the sealed container, compensating for the heat lost by the cylinder and the sealed container, so that the temperature of the cylinder and the sealed container is equal to or higher than the compressor.
  • the outlet temperature; the compressor, cylinder and sealed container are installed in an incubator so that the heat dissipated by the compressor is absorbed by the cylinder and the sealed container.
  • the refrigerant flows through the compressor, the two-position four-way valve, the cylinder group, the condenser, the expansion valve, the evaporator, and finally enters the compressor from the evaporator; the refrigerant sequentially enters the cylinder group from the compressor.
  • a cylinder after the refrigerant enters a cylinder of the cylinder group from the compressor, the intake valve of the cylinder is closed, and when the temperature of the refrigerant in the condenser corresponding to the cylinder drops to a normal temperature, the exhaust valve of the cylinder is opened, and the refrigerant is cooled.
  • the pressure is simultaneously lowered due to the temperature drop of the refrigerant in the condenser, and the pressure difference between the sealed container and the condenser will push the piston, thereby driving the generator to generate electricity and compensating for the power consumption of the compressor;
  • the exhaust valve of the cylinder is closed, and the intake valve of the cylinder is opened, and the same operation as the cylinder is repeated for a series of cylinders of the cylinder group;
  • the host when the cooling is cooled, the host is placed at Indoor, the external condenser of the main unit is placed outdoors; when used for heating and heating, the main unit is placed outdoors, and the external condenser is placed indoors; Host condenser and outer movable and can be placed on the floor, it is easy to clean, cooling effect, cooling and heating effect is naturally good, thereby reducing power consumption.
  • the piston and piston rod of one of the cylinders are made of a material with good thermal insulation performance, and the pipeline from the compressor to the cylinder is wrapped with thermal insulation material, and the force-receiving area of the rod-free side of the cylinder is the force-receiving area of the piston rod side. 1.5 times to 5 times; the air hole on the piston rod side of the cylinder is connected to the sealed container; the piston and the piston rod of the cylinder are perpendicular to the ground, and the piston rod side of the cylinder is filled with the freezing oil, and the freezing oil not only acts as a lubrication but also acts as an isolation.
  • the gas in the sealed container is separated from the refrigerant to prevent the sealed container gas from penetrating into the rodless side of the cylinder and contaminating the refrigerant.
  • One of the cylinders is a double-acting cylinder without a piston rod.
  • the cylinder is wrapped with a heat-insulating material.
  • One side of the piston is flat, one side is concave, the plane is upward, and the concave surface is downward.
  • the force area of the concave surface is larger than the force area of the plane, and the cylinder piston
  • the air hole on the concave side is connected to the exhaust port of the compressor, and the air hole on the plane side of the cylinder piston is connected to the sealed container, and the gap between the piston and the cylinder tube is greater than 0.03 mm, and the plane between the piston and the concave surface communicates through the small hole.
  • the compressor casing and the intake pipe are equipped with a heater, and the compressor casing and the intake pipe are wrapped with a heat insulating material for the purpose of improving the refrigeration coefficient of the refrigeration device at a low temperature, when the temperature of the compressor casing and the intake pipe is less than 10 degrees,
  • the electrothermal heater is turned on to heat the compressor casing and the intake pipe.
  • the electric heater is disconnected from the power source.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a mobile easy-to-clean energy-saving refrigeration apparatus of the present invention.
  • compressor In the figure: 1, compressor; 2, the internal condenser; 21, the external condenser; 3, expansion valve; 4, evaporator; 5, two-position four-way valve; 6, cylinder; 7, sealed container; , generator; 9, water pump.
  • the mobile easy-to-clean energy-saving refrigeration device comprises a host and an external condenser.
  • the bottom of the main unit and the external condenser of the main unit are equipped with wheels to make it easy to move.
  • the main engine includes main components such as compressor, internal condenser, expansion valve, evaporator, cylinder group, 2/2-way valve, magnetic switch, sealed container and generator.
  • a two-position four-way valve and a cylinder block are installed between the compressor outlet and the condenser inlet, and the P port of the two-position four-way valve is connected to the compressor outlet, and the A port and the B port of the two-position four-way valve are connected to the cylinder air hole, and the second four The T port of the valve is connected to the condenser inlet.
  • the cylinder group consists of two or more cylinders.
  • the cylinder is a double-acting cylinder.
  • the piston rod of the cylinder is fixed on the cylinder heads on both ends.
  • the piston can slide on the piston rod.
  • the piston side is hemispherical or concave. This side can be filled. Refrigerant, the vent on this side is connected to the A or B port of the 4/2-way valve; the other side of the piston is a flat surface, this side is filled with high-pressure air, the vent on this side is connected to the sealed container; the probe of the magnetic switch is installed in high-pressure air On the side cylinder head, the refrigerant enters each cylinder of the cylinder group from the compressor in turn.
  • the refrigerant When the piston is close to the probe of the magnetic switch, the refrigerant is filled with the cylinder, so the magnetic switch controls the spool movement of the 2/2-way valve.
  • the cylinder is connected with the T port of the 2/2-way valve, and the high-pressure air causes the refrigerant to enter the condenser.
  • the P port of the 2/2-way valve is connected to the A port or the B port, and the refrigerant coming out of the compressor enters. Another cylinder.
  • the condenser in the main unit is a casing type condenser, and a hose is connected between the external condenser of the main unit and the condenser in the main unit.
  • the outside of the condenser in the main unit is wrapped with insulation material to prevent heat from being dissipated indoors during cooling.
  • the refrigerant gas enters from the inner tube, and the cooling water enters from the cavity of the sleeve, and the flow direction of the cooling water is opposite to the flow direction of the refrigerant, so that an ideal countercurrent heat exchange can be achieved.
  • the external condenser of the main engine and the condenser inside the main engine are connected by a water pump and a hose, and the cooling water conducts heat through the hose to the external condenser of the main machine, and the external condenser of the main body distributes the heat to the environment through the fan.
  • the evaporator consists of a shrink nozzle, a pipe, a copper pipe and a negative pressure fan.
  • the refrigerant flows in the copper pipe.
  • the shrink nozzle has a filter screen.
  • the filter screen is used to filter dust.
  • the inlet airflow of the shrink nozzle is from the ambient atmosphere.
  • the tube is installed in the pipe connecting the outlet of the shrinking nozzle, the inlet of the pipe is connected to the outlet of the shrinking nozzle, the negative pressure fan is installed at the outlet of the pipe, and the negative pressure fan accelerates the airflow in the shrinking nozzle, and accelerates the airflow to accelerate the heat exchange of the evaporator.
  • the shrink nozzle and pipe are detachable, making the evaporator copper tube easy to clean.
  • the cylinder group is composed of a plurality of cylinders, the cylinder is a double-acting cylinder, the piston rod of the cylinder is fixed on the cylinder heads at both ends, the piston can slide on the piston rod, the piston side is a hemispherical or concave surface, and the air hole on the side passes through a three
  • the connecting pipe is connected to the compressor and the condenser respectively, and the other side of the piston is a flat surface, and the air holes on the side are connected to the sealed container.
  • the gas pressure in the sealed container is equal to or higher than the refrigerant liquefaction pressure at the ambient temperature, and the gas pressure in the sealed container is greater than the compressor outlet pressure. Since the force area of the hemispherical or concave surface is larger than the plane, the compressor can push the piston to move with the smaller exhaust pressure and less power consumption, so that the refrigerant enters the cylinder, and the gas pressure in the sealed container is equal to Or higher than the refrigerant liquefaction pressure at ambient temperature, the refrigerant can be condensed and liquefied after entering the condenser in the main engine, so the compressor can obtain the same cooling and heating effect with less power consumption.
  • the cylinder and the sealed container are wrapped with insulation material, and the cylinder and the sealed container are equipped with an electric heater for heating the cylinder and the sealed container, compensating for the heat lost by the cylinder and the sealed container, so that the temperature of the cylinder and the sealed container is equal to or higher than the compressor.
  • the outlet temperature is such that the heat of the refrigerant is not lost in the cylinder and the sealed container, and the refrigerant will enter the cylinder at a higher flow rate, so the flow rate of the refrigerant gas entering the cylinder is larger, and the refrigerant gas after the flow rate is increased from the cylinder After coming out, it enters the condenser and condenses into a liquid in the condenser. This process is completely completed by the pressure of the sealed container, eliminating the need for the compressor to consume energy, thereby reducing the power consumption of the compressor and achieving energy saving.
  • the host When used for cooling and cooling, the host is placed indoors, and the external condenser of the main unit is placed outdoors; when used for heating and heating, the main unit is placed outdoors, and the external condenser of the main unit is placed indoors; It is placed on the floor, so it is easy to clean, the heat dissipation effect is good, and the cooling and heating effects are naturally good, thus reducing power consumption.
  • the compressor can obtain the same cooling and heating effect with less power consumption, the external condenser of the main unit is easy to clean, and the heat dissipation effect is good.
  • the negative pressure fan of the evaporator makes the heat exchange of the evaporator quick and easy to clean, and the evaporator The heat exchange effect is good, and the cylinder group can use the atmospheric pressure in the sealed container to generate electricity and compensate the compressor for power consumption, thereby saving energy.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

一种移动式易清洗节能制冷设备包括主机和主机外冷凝器（21）两部分。主机和主机外冷凝器底部装有轮子，使其便于移动。主机包括压缩机（1）、主机内冷凝器（2）、膨胀阀（3）、蒸发器（4）、二位四通阀（5）、磁性开关、气缸组、密封容器（7）和发电机（8）等主要部件。制冷剂依次流经压缩机（1）、二位四通阀（5）、气缸组、主机内冷凝器（2）、膨胀阀（3）和蒸发器（4），最后从蒸发器（4）进入压缩机（1）。该节能制冷设备的主机外冷凝器易清洗，散热效果好。

Description

移动式易清洗节能制冷设备 技术领域
这种移动式易清洗节能制冷设备包括主机和主机外冷凝器两部分。主机和主机外冷凝器底部装有轮子，使其便于移动。主机包括压缩机、主机内冷凝器、膨胀阀、蒸发器、二位四通阀、磁性开关、气缸组、密封容器和发电机等主要部件。制冷剂依次流经压缩机、二位四通阀、气缸组、主机内冷凝器、膨胀阀和蒸发器，最后从蒸发器进入压缩机。由于压缩机用较小的耗电量即可得到相同的制冷和制热效果，主机外冷凝器易清洗，散热效果好，蒸发器的负压风机使蒸发器换热加快且易清洗，蒸发器换热效果好，气缸组能利用密封容器内大气压力做功发电，并补偿压缩机耗电，因此可以节约电能。
背景技术
我们知道，散热在制冷系统里非常重要，散热效果好，制冷和制热效果才会好。但是，大多数空调室外机挂在外面，不容易清洗，冷凝器甚至十年都不清洗一次，导致耗电量大，制冷和制热效果差。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题，本发明提供一种移动式易清洗节能制冷设备。这种移动式易清洗节能制冷设备包括主机和主机外冷凝器两部分；主机和主机外冷凝器底部装有轮子，使其便于移动。
主机包括压缩机、主机内冷凝器、膨胀阀、蒸发器、气缸组、二位四通阀、磁性开关、密封容器和发电机。
主机内冷凝器是套管式冷凝器，主机内冷凝器的外部用保温材料包裹，主机内冷凝器的外管为无缝钢管，内管为铜管；制冷剂气体从内管进入，冷却水从套管的空腔进入，冷却水的流动方向与制冷剂的流动方向相反。
主机外冷凝器和主机内冷凝器之间用水泵及软管连接，水泵使冷却水将热量通过软管向主机外冷凝器传导，主机外冷凝器通过风扇将热量向环境散发。
蒸发器由收缩喷管、管道、铜管和负压风机组成，制冷剂在铜管内流动，收缩喷管进口有滤网，滤网用于过滤灰尘，收缩喷管进口气流来自环境大气，铜管安装在连接收缩喷管出口的管道内，管道进口连接收缩喷管出口，负压风机安装在管道出口，负压风机使气流在收缩喷管加速，加速气流使蒸发器换热加快；收缩喷管和管道可拆卸，使蒸发器铜管容易清洗。
二位四通阀的P口连接压缩机出口，二位四通阀的A口和B口连接气缸气孔，二位四通阀的T口连接冷凝器进口。
气缸组由两个或多个气缸组成，气缸是双作用气缸，气缸有多种结构，其中一种气缸的活塞杆固定在两端缸盖上，活塞可以在活塞杆上滑动，活塞一侧是半球面或凹面，此侧可充满制冷剂，此侧的气孔连接二位四通阀的A口或B口；活塞另一侧是平面，此侧充满高压空气，此侧的气孔连接密封容器；磁性开关的探头安装在充满高压空气侧的缸盖上，制冷剂从压缩机依次进入气缸组的每个气 缸，当活塞靠近磁性开关的探头时，磁性开关控制二位四通阀的阀芯移动，使气缸与二位四通阀的T口连通，高压空气使制冷剂进入冷凝器，与此同时，二位四通阀的P口连通A口或B口，从压缩机出来的制冷剂进入另一气缸。
制冷设备运行时，密封容器内气体压力等于或高于环境温度下制冷剂液化压力，密封容器内气体压力等于或大于压缩机出口压力。
气缸和密封容器用保温材料包裹，气缸和密封容器安装有电热式加热器，用来加热气缸和密封容器，补偿气缸和密封容器散失的热量，使气缸和密封容器的温度等于或高于压缩机出口温度；压缩机、气缸和密封容器安装在一个保温箱内，使压缩机散发的热量被气缸和密封容器吸收。
制冷设备运行时，制冷剂依次流经压缩机、二位四通阀、气缸组、冷凝器、膨胀阀、蒸发器，最后从蒸发器进入压缩机；制冷剂依次从压缩机进入气缸组的每个气缸，制冷剂从压缩机进入气缸组的一个气缸后，关闭这个气缸的进气阀，等到这个气缸对应的冷凝器内的制冷剂温度降到常温时，打开这个气缸的排气阀，制冷剂进入冷凝器，由于制冷剂在冷凝器内温度降时压力同时降低，密封容器和冷凝器之间的压力差将会推动活塞，从而带动发电机发电，并补偿压缩机耗电；这个气缸内的制冷剂完全进入冷凝器后，关闭这个气缸的排气阀，并打开这个气缸的进气阀，对于气缸组的一系列气缸重复与这个气缸同样的操作；用于制冷降温时，主机放置在室内，主机外冷凝器放置在室外；用于制热供暖时，主机放置在室外，主机外冷凝器放置在室内；由于主机及主机外冷凝器可移动并可放置在地板上，因此容易清洗，散热效果好，制冷和制热效果自然好，从而减少耗电量。
其中一种气缸的活塞和活塞杆由隔热性能好的材料制成，从压缩机到气缸的管路用保温材料包裹，气缸无杆侧的受力面积是其活塞杆侧的受力面积的1.5倍至5倍；气缸活塞杆侧的气孔连接密封容器；气缸的活塞和活塞杆垂直于地面运动，气缸活塞杆侧充注冷冻油，冷冻油除了作润滑作用外，还起到隔离作用，把密封容器的气体和制冷剂隔开，以防止密封容器气体渗透入气缸无杆侧，污染制冷剂。
其中一种气缸是无活塞杆双作用气缸，气缸由用保温材料包裹，活塞一面是平面，一面是凹面，平面向上，凹面向下，凹面的受力面积大于平面的的受力面积，气缸活塞凹面侧的气孔连接压缩机排气口，气缸活塞平面侧的气孔连接密封容器，活塞与缸筒的间隙大于0.03毫米，活塞的平面与凹面之间通过小孔连通。
压缩机外壳及进气管安装有加热器，压缩机外壳及进气管用保温材料包裹，目的是提高制冷设备在低温情况下的制冷系数，当压缩机外壳及进气管的温度低于10度时，电热式加热器接通电源，加热压缩机外壳及进气管，当压缩机外壳及进气管的温度高于85度时，电热式加热器断开电源。
附图说明
图1是本发明移动式易清洗节能制冷设备的示意图。
图中：1、压缩机；2、主机内冷凝器；21、主机外冷凝器；3、膨胀阀；4、蒸发器；5、二位四通阀；6、气缸；7、密封容器；8、发电机；9、水泵。
具体实施方式
下面介绍一具体实施例，具体实施方式不局限于此一例。
这种移动式易清洗节能制冷设备包括主机和主机外冷凝器两部分。主机和主 机外冷凝器底部装有轮子，使其便于移动。
主机包括压缩机、主机内冷凝器、膨胀阀、蒸发器、气缸组、二位四通阀、磁性开关、密封容器和发电机等主要部件。
压缩机出口和冷凝器进口之间安装二位四通阀和气缸组，二位四通阀的P口连接压缩机出口，二位四通阀的A口和B口连接气缸气孔，二位四通阀的T口连接冷凝器进口。
气缸组由两个或多个气缸组成，气缸是双作用气缸，气缸的活塞杆固定在两端缸盖上，活塞可以在活塞杆上滑动，活塞一侧是半球面或凹面，此侧可充满制冷剂，此侧的气孔连接二位四通阀的A口或B口；活塞另一侧是平面，此侧充满高压空气，此侧的气孔连接密封容器；磁性开关的探头安装在充满高压空气侧的缸盖上，制冷剂从压缩机依次进入气缸组的每个气缸，当活塞靠近磁性开关的探头时，说明制冷剂充满了这个气缸，于是磁性开关控制二位四通阀的阀芯移动，使气缸与二位四通阀的T口连通，高压空气使制冷剂进入冷凝器，与此同时，二位四通阀的P口连通A口或B口，从压缩机出来的制冷剂进入另一气缸。
主机内冷凝器是套管式冷凝器，主机外冷凝器和主机内冷凝器之间用软管连接。主机内冷凝器的外部用保温材料包裹，防止制冷时热量在室内散发。制冷剂气体从内管进入，冷却水从套管的空腔进入，冷却水的流动方向与制冷剂的流动方向相反，这样能够实现比较理想的逆流换热。主机外冷凝器和主机内冷凝器之间用水泵及软管连接，冷却水将热量通过软管向主机外冷凝器传导，主机外冷凝器通过风扇将热量向环境散发。
蒸发器由收缩喷管、管道、铜管和负压风机组成，制冷剂在铜管内流动，收缩喷管进口有滤网，滤网用于过滤灰尘，收缩喷管进口气流来自环境大气，铜管安装在连接收缩喷管出口的管道内，管道进口连接收缩喷管出口，负压风机安装在管道出口，负压风机使气流在收缩喷管加速，加速气流使蒸发器换热加快。收缩喷管和管道可拆卸，使蒸发器铜管容易清洗。
气缸组由多个气缸组成，气缸是双作用气缸，气缸的活塞杆固定在两端缸盖上，活塞可以在活塞杆上滑动，活塞一侧是半球面或凹面，此侧的气孔通过一个三通管分别连接压缩机和冷凝器，活塞另一侧是平面，此侧的气孔连接密封容器。
制冷设备运行时，密封容器内气体压力等于或高于环境温度下制冷剂液化压力，密封容器内气体压力大于压缩机出口压力。由于半球面或凹面的受力面积比平面大，因此压缩机用较小的排气压力、较小的耗电量即可推动活塞运动，使制冷剂进入气缸，而由于密封容器内气体压力等于或高于环境温度下制冷剂液化压力，可使制冷剂进入主机内冷凝器后冷凝液化，因此压缩机用较小的耗电量即可得到相同的制冷和制热效果。
气缸和密封容器用保温材料包裹，气缸和密封容器安装有电热式加热器，用来加热气缸和密封容器，补偿气缸和密封容器散失的热量，使气缸和密封容器的温度等于或高于压缩机出口温度，使制冷剂的热量不会在气缸和密封容器散失，制冷剂将会以较高的流速进入气缸，因此制冷剂气体进入气缸的流量较大，流量增大后的制冷剂气体从气缸出来后再进入冷凝器，并在冷凝器里冷凝成液体，这个过程完全由密封容器压力做功完成，无需压缩机耗能，从而减少压缩机耗电，达到节能目的。
用于制冷降温时，主机放置在室内，主机外冷凝器放置在室外；用于制热供暖时，主机放置在室外，主机外冷凝器放置在室内；由于主机及主机外冷凝器可 移动并可放置在地板上，因此容易清洗，散热效果好，制冷和制热效果自然好，从而减少耗电量。
由于压缩机用较小的耗电量即可得到相同的制冷和制热效果，主机外冷凝器易清洗，散热效果好，蒸发器的负压风机使蒸发器换热加快且易清洗，蒸发器换热效果好，气缸组能利用密封容器内大气压力做功发电，并补偿压缩机耗电，因此可以节约电能。

Claims (4)

  1. 移动式易清洗节能制冷设备，其特征在于：这种移动式易清洗节能制冷设备包括主机和主机外冷凝器两部分；主机和主机外冷凝器底部装有轮子，使其便于移动；主机包括压缩机、主机内冷凝器、膨胀阀、蒸发器、气缸组、二位四通阀、磁性开关、密封容器和发电机；主机内冷凝器是套管式冷凝器，主机内冷凝器的外部用保温材料包裹，主机内冷凝器的外管为无缝钢管，内管为铜管；制冷剂气体从内管进入，冷却水从套管的空腔进入，冷却水的流动方向与制冷剂的流动方向相反；主机外冷凝器和主机内冷凝器之间用水泵及软管连接，水泵使冷却水将热量通过软管向主机外冷凝器传导，主机外冷凝器通过风扇将热量向环境散发；蒸发器由收缩喷管、管道、铜管和负压风机组成，制冷剂在铜管内流动，收缩喷管进口有滤网，滤网用于过滤灰尘，收缩喷管进口气流来自环境大气，铜管安装在连接收缩喷管出口的管道内，管道进口连接收缩喷管出口，负压风机安装在管道出口，负压风机使气流在收缩喷管加速，加速气流使蒸发器换热加快；收缩喷管和管道可拆卸，使蒸发器铜管容易清洗；二位四通阀的P口连接压缩机出口，二位四通阀的A口和B口连接气缸气孔，二位四通阀的T口连接冷凝器进口；气缸组由两个或多个气缸组成，气缸是双作用气缸，气缸有多种结构，其中一种气缸的活塞杆固定在两端缸盖上，活塞可以在活塞杆上滑动，活塞一侧是半球面或凹面，此侧可充满制冷剂，此侧的气孔连接二位四通阀的A口或B口；活塞另一侧是平面，此侧充满高压空气，此侧的气孔连接密封容器；磁性开关的探头安装在充满高压空气侧的缸盖上，制冷剂从压缩机依次进入气缸组的每个气缸，当活塞靠近磁性开关的探头时，磁性开关控制二位四通阀的阀芯移动，使气缸与二位四通阀的T口连通，高压空气使制冷剂进入冷凝器，与此同时，二位四通阀的P口连通A口或B口，从压缩机出来的制冷剂进入另一气缸；制冷设备运行时，密封容器内气体压力等于或高于环境温度下制冷剂液化压力，密封容器内气体压力等于或大于压缩机出口压力；气缸和密封容器用保温材料包裹，气缸和密封容器安装有电热式加热器，用来加热气缸和密封容器，补偿气缸和密封容器散失的热量，使气缸和密封容器的温度等于或高于压缩机出口温度，压缩机、气缸和密封容器安装在一个保温箱内，使压缩机散发的热量被气缸和密封容器吸收；制冷设备运行时，制冷剂依次流经压缩机、二位四通阀、气缸组、冷凝器、膨胀阀、蒸发器，最后从蒸发器进入压缩机；制冷剂依次从压缩机进入气缸组的每个气缸，制冷剂从压缩机进入气缸组的一个气缸后，关闭这个气缸的进气阀，等到这个气缸对应的冷凝器内的制冷剂温度降到常温时，打开这个气缸的排气阀，制冷剂进入冷凝器，由于制冷剂在冷凝器内温度降时压力同时降低，密封容器和冷凝器之间的压力差将会推动活塞，从而带动发电机发电，并补偿压缩机耗电；这个气缸内的制冷剂完全进入冷凝器后，关闭这个气缸的排气阀，并打开这个气缸的进气阀，对于气缸组的一系列气缸重复与这个气缸同样的操作；用于制冷降温时，主机放置在室内，主机外冷凝器放置在室外；用于制热供暖时，主机放置在室外，主机外冷凝器放置在室内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的移动式易清洗节能制冷设备，其特征在于：其中一种气缸的活塞和活塞杆由隔热性能好的材料制成，从压缩机到气缸的管路用保 温材料包裹，气缸无杆侧的受力面积是其活塞杆侧的受力面积的1.5倍至5倍；气缸活塞杆侧的气孔连接密封容器；气缸的活塞和活塞杆垂直于地面运动，气缸活塞杆侧充注冷冻油，冷冻油除了作润滑作用外，还起到隔离作用，把密封容器的气体和制冷剂隔开，以防止密封容器气体渗透入气缸无杆侧，污染制冷剂。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的移动式易清洗节能制冷设备，其特征在于：其中一种气缸是无活塞杆双作用气缸，气缸由用保温材料包裹，活塞一面是平面，一面是凹面，平面向上，凹面向下，凹面的受力面积大于平面的的受力面积，气缸活塞凹面侧的气孔连接压缩机排气口，气缸活塞平面侧的气孔连接密封容器，活塞与缸筒的间隙大于0.03毫米，活塞的平面与凹面之间通过小孔连通。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的移动式易清洗节能制冷设备，其特征在于：压缩机外壳及进气管安装有加热器，压缩机外壳及进气管用保温材料包裹，当压缩机外壳及进气管的温度低于10度时，电热式加热器接通电源，加热压缩机外壳及进气管，当压缩机外壳及进气管的温度高于85度时，电热式加热器断开电源。
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