WO2019033899A1 - 一种指纹识别方法以及电子设备 - Google Patents

一种指纹识别方法以及电子设备 Download PDF

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WO2019033899A1
WO2019033899A1 PCT/CN2018/096434 CN2018096434W WO2019033899A1 WO 2019033899 A1 WO2019033899 A1 WO 2019033899A1 CN 2018096434 W CN2018096434 W CN 2018096434W WO 2019033899 A1 WO2019033899 A1 WO 2019033899A1
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Prior art keywords
fingerprint information
fingerprint
current
stored
standard
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French (fr)
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肖启华
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Lenovo Beijing Ltd
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Lenovo Beijing Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/1365—Matching; Classification
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/30—Authentication, i.e. establishing the identity or authorisation of security principals
    • G06F21/31—User authentication
    • G06F21/32—User authentication using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voiceprints
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
    • G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
    • G06V40/12—Fingerprints or palmprints
    • G06V40/1347—Preprocessing; Feature extraction

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of fingerprint recognition technologies, and in particular, to a fingerprint identification method and an electronic device.
  • Fingerprint recognition is one of the main ways for electronic devices to identify themselves because of its simplicity, uniqueness and security. Generally, fingerprint identification needs to first collect a standard fingerprint information. When fingerprint identification is performed subsequently, the currently collected fingerprint information is compared with the pre-stored standard fingerprint information, and the identification result is performed according to the comparison result.
  • a fingerprint identification method comprising:
  • the n pieces of fingerprint information stored recently are n pieces of fingerprint information stored by fingerprint identification at n other moments between the initial time and the current time, and n is a positive integer.
  • performing the preset operation includes:
  • the first condition includes:
  • the fault tolerance rate does not exceed a set threshold, and the fault tolerance rate gradually decreases with time.
  • the method further includes:
  • the size of the threshold is set according to the security level of the first application.
  • the method further includes:
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an electronic device, including:
  • the fingerprint collection device is configured to collect fingerprint information of a user
  • a memory for storing fingerprint information
  • a controller configured to acquire a fingerprint identification instruction of the first application at the current time, execute the fingerprint identification instruction, and control the fingerprint collection device to collect current fingerprint information of the user, and process the standard fingerprint collected at the initial time
  • the n pieces of fingerprint information stored recently are n pieces of fingerprint information stored by fingerprint identification at n other moments between the initial time and the current time, and n is a positive integer; the memory is stored The standard fingerprint information and the recently stored n fingerprint information.
  • the controller is configured to compare the current fingerprint information with the standard fingerprint information and the recently stored n fingerprint information, respectively, based on n+1 comparison results. Obtaining n+1 fault tolerance rates, if the change rule of the n+1 fault tolerance rates satisfies the first condition, the control electronic device performs a preset operation.
  • the first condition includes that the fault tolerance rate does not exceed a set threshold, and the fault tolerance rate gradually decreases with time.
  • the controller is further configured to set a size of the threshold according to a security level of the first application.
  • the controller is further configured to cause the memory to store the current fingerprint information.
  • the technical solution of the present disclosure determines whether the first condition is met according to the standard fingerprint information collected at the initial time, the n fingerprint information stored recently, and the current fingerprint information, so that the standard fingerprint information collected according to the initial time, The n fingerprint information stored recently can determine the change rule of the user's fingerprint during the wear process. Based on the current fingerprint information and the standard fingerprint information at the initial time, the technical solution of the present disclosure further identifies the user according to the change rule of the user's fingerprint during the wear process, thereby avoiding the wear of the user's fingerprint. The problem of not being able to accurately identify the user is easy to use.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a principle of a fingerprint identification method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for determining whether a first condition is met according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a working principle of fingerprint recognition of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the techniques of this disclosure may be implemented in the form of hardware and/or software (including firmware, microcode, etc.). Additionally, the techniques of this disclosure may take the form of a computer program product on a computer readable medium storing instructions for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system.
  • a computer readable medium can be any medium that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transport the instructions.
  • a computer readable medium can include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, device, or propagation medium.
  • the computer readable medium include: a magnetic storage device such as a magnetic tape or a hard disk (HDD); an optical storage device such as a compact disk (CD-ROM); a memory such as a random access memory (RAM) or a flash memory; and/or a wired /Wireless communication link.
  • a magnetic storage device such as a magnetic tape or a hard disk (HDD)
  • an optical storage device such as a compact disk (CD-ROM)
  • a memory such as a random access memory (RAM) or a flash memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a principle of a fingerprint identification method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the fingerprint identification method is used in an electronic device, and the fingerprint identification method includes:
  • Step S11 At the current moment, the fingerprint identification instruction of the first application is obtained.
  • the first application needs to perform fingerprint recognition, and after the identity condition is satisfied by fingerprint recognition, the preset function is executed.
  • the user can input the fingerprint recognition instruction through a touch panel or a mechanical button.
  • Step S12 execute the fingerprint identification instruction to collect current fingerprint information of the user.
  • the electronic device can collect the current fingerprint information of the user through the built-in fingerprint sensor.
  • Step S13 processing standard fingerprint information collected at the initial time, n recently stored fingerprint information, and the current fingerprint information. .
  • n pieces of fingerprint information stored recently are n pieces of fingerprint information stored by fingerprint identification authentication at n other times between the initial time and the current time, and n is a positive integer.
  • Step S14 If the standard fingerprint information collected at the initial time, the recently stored n fingerprint information, and the current fingerprint information satisfy the first condition, the preset function is executed.
  • the fingerprint recognition process is stopped and the next fingerprint recognition is awaited.
  • the change rule of the user's fingerprint during the wear process can be judged, that is, the finger wear becomes more serious with time, and the wearer causes the fingerprint information of the user. It is gradually changed.
  • the fault tolerance rate of the fingerprint information collected by the user during the two fingerprint detection processes is gradually increased with time.
  • the fingerprint identification method Based on the current fingerprint information and the standard fingerprint information at the initial time, the fingerprint identification method according to the embodiment of the present invention further identifies the user according to the change rule of the user fingerprint in the wear process, and can avoid the use of the fingerprint.
  • the problem caused by fingerprint wear and tear that cannot accurately identify the user's identity is easy to use.
  • FIG. 2 A flow diagram of a method for determining whether a first condition is met, the method comprising:
  • Step S21 The current fingerprint information is sequentially compared with the standard fingerprint information and the recently stored n fingerprint information, respectively.
  • Step S22 Acquire n+1 fault tolerance rates based on n+1 comparison results.
  • the standard fingerprint information collected at the initial time is Z 0
  • the fingerprint information collected at the current time is Z X .
  • n fingerprint information is stored between the initial time and the current time, and the n fingerprint information is the The n fingerprint information stored recently, and the n fingerprint information is sequentially Z 1 and Z n in order from the first to the last.
  • Step S23 If the change rule of the n+1 fault tolerances satisfies the first condition, perform a preset operation.
  • finger wear is a gradual process with time, and the more severe the wear, the greater the fault tolerance rate of the fingerprint information collected by the user during the two fingerprint detection processes.
  • the first condition includes that the fault tolerance rate does not exceed a set threshold, and the fault tolerance rate gradually decreases with time. It is possible to set the fault tolerance rate of each comparison result to correspond to the same threshold value, or to set a threshold value for each comparison result.
  • the fingerprint identification method further includes: setting a size of the threshold according to a security level of the first application.
  • Users can set unused security levels depending on the application.
  • the secure operation of the online payment application is related to the security of the user's property, and the security level can be set higher than the security level of other applications, such as setting the security level of the shopping payment to be higher than the security level of the mobile phone screen unlocking.
  • the higher the security level of the application the smaller the threshold corresponding to the fault tolerance rate during fingerprint recognition.
  • the fingerprint identification method of the embodiment of the present disclosure further includes: storing the current fingerprint information. Further, in order to reduce the amount of stored information, after storing the current fingerprint information, the method further includes deleting the first one of the most recently stored n pieces of fingerprint information, so that only n recent fingerprints need to be stored at all times.
  • the authenticated fingerprint information is identified to facilitate execution of the fingerprint identification method of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the standard fingerprint information is stored for fingerprint recognition. It should be noted that, when the standard fingerprint information is stored, when the fingerprint identification is performed for the first time, only when the matching rate of the standard fingerprint information is greater than 99.99%, that is, the fingerprint authentication is stored at a very high matching rate. Fingerprint information is used to identify the next fingerprint authentication.
  • the threshold value corresponding to setting the non-payment application for fingerprint recognition is 20%, and the threshold value corresponding to the payment application for fingerprint recognition is 5%; and between the initial time and the current time, there are m times.
  • m is a positive integer not less than n.
  • the fault tolerance rate is 20%, 15%, 10%, 5%, 1%, 0.1%.
  • the above setting is satisfied: the fault tolerance rate does not exceed the threshold value, and gradually decreases with time, so the first condition is satisfied, and the fingerprint function can be used to execute the preset function through the application program; when a certain payment application corresponds to
  • the fault tolerance rate is 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, and 0.1%, respectively, and the above setting is satisfied: the fault tolerance rate does not exceed the threshold.
  • the preset function can be executed by the application.
  • the fingerprint identification method in the embodiment of the present disclosure compares the standard fingerprint information collected at the initial time, and compares the fingerprint information stored in the last n times, and simultaneously calculates the fault tolerance at each comparison.
  • Rate corresponding to the fingerprint of the user if the fingerprint is caused by wear, the fault tolerance rate exhibits the above-mentioned law, that is, does not exceed the set threshold, and gradually becomes smaller as time passes.
  • the current fingerprint information and the last stored fingerprint information match the fault tolerance rate within a certain range, and the fingerprint identification authentication can still be successfully completed, and the current fingerprint information is stored as the identification basis of the next fingerprint identification. Therefore, by using the fingerprint identification method in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the fingerprint information used for fingerprint comparison can be continuously updated during the fingerprint identification process, and the collection process of labeling the fingerprint information is not required, which may be in the process of user fingerprint wear. , constantly update the fingerprint database to avoid the problem of not being able to accurately identify the user due to user fingerprint wear.
  • different thresholds corresponding to the fault tolerance rate may be set for the application, such as account login of the mobile phone, account login of the computer, reading of the original information, and review of the recently read information.
  • the threshold corresponding to the fault tolerance rate can be appropriately increased to ensure information security.
  • the fault tolerance rate of each comparison can be set to correspond to a threshold, and the security level of the corresponding fault tolerance rate is increased by one level, that is, smaller than other non-payment applications. Threshold.
  • the user can set the fingerprint recognition rate of each fingerprint recognition by setting the threshold according to the security level of the application, and applications such as online banking and online payment payment can be set each time.
  • the fingerprint recognition rate is not less than 99.99%, that is, the threshold corresponding to the fault tolerance rate of each comparison is less than 0.01%, and all the fault tolerance rates need to be gradually reduced over time, while other security level general applications, such as mobile phones, are unlocked.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the device includes: a fingerprint collection device 11 for collecting fingerprint information of a user; a memory 12 for storing fingerprint information; and a controller 13 for acquiring at a current time a fingerprint identification instruction of the first application, executing the fingerprint identification instruction, controlling the fingerprint collection device 11 to collect current fingerprint information of the user, processing standard fingerprint information collected at an initial time, n recently stored fingerprint information, and the The current fingerprint information, if the standard fingerprint information collected at the initial time, the recently stored n fingerprint information, and the current fingerprint information satisfy the first condition, the control electronic device performs the preset function.
  • the n pieces of fingerprint information stored recently are n pieces of fingerprint information stored by fingerprint identification at n other moments between the initial time and the current time, and n is a positive integer; the memory is stored The standard fingerprint information and the recently stored n fingerprint information.
  • controlling the electronic device to perform the preset function includes: the controlling The device 13 is configured to compare the current fingerprint information with the standard fingerprint information and the recently stored n fingerprint information, respectively, and obtain n+1 fault tolerance rates based on n+1 comparison results, if The change rule of the n+1 fault tolerance rates satisfies the first condition, and the control electronic device performs the preset function.
  • the first condition includes whether the fault tolerance rate does not exceed a set threshold, and the fault tolerance rate gradually decreases with time.
  • the controller 13 is further configured to set a size of the threshold according to a security level of the first application.
  • the controller 13 is further configured to: the memory 12 stores the current fingerprint information; to save storage space, the controller 13 is further configured to first among the recently stored n fingerprint information. A fingerprint information is deleted in the memory 12.
  • the electronic device performs the above-mentioned fingerprint identification method by the controller 13, and the principle of the fingerprint recognition method of the controller 13 is as shown in FIG. 4, and FIG. 4 is an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the working principle of the fingerprint recognition is performed.
  • the controller 13 first performs fingerprint collection by the fingerprint collection device 11 to acquire current fingerprint information, and the controller 13 generates a fingerprint image according to the current fingerprint information, and then pre-predicts the fingerprint image.
  • the pre-processing includes binarization, refinement, and DSP processing, and then performing fingerprint matching, and performing a preset function when the first condition is satisfied.
  • the standard fingerprint information and the recently stored n times fingerprint information are read from the memory 12, and the standard fingerprint information, the most recently stored n-time fingerprint information, and the current fingerprint information satisfy the first condition, and the judgment is determined.
  • the result outputs a matching result. If the matching value is greater than the fingerprint recognition rate, that is, the first condition is satisfied, the control memory 12 stores the fingerprint information collected this time.
  • the electronic device may perform the preset function when the standard fingerprint information collected at the initial time, the n fingerprint information stored recently, and the current fingerprint information satisfy the first condition, so that the initial time is collected according to the initial time.
  • the standard fingerprint information and the recently stored n fingerprint information can determine the change rule of the user's fingerprint during the wear process.
  • the technical solution of the present disclosure further identifies the user according to the change rule of the user's fingerprint during the wear process, thereby avoiding the wear of the user's fingerprint. The problem of not being able to accurately identify the user is easy to use.

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Abstract

一种指纹识别方法以及电子设备，该指纹识别方法包括：在当前时刻，获取第一应用程序的指纹识别指令（S11）；执行所述指纹识别指令，采集使用者的当前指纹信息（S12）；处理初始时刻采集的标准指纹信息、最近存储的n个指纹信息以及所述当前指纹信息（S13）；如果初始时刻采集的标准指纹信息、最近存储的n个指纹信息以及所述当前指纹信息满足第一条件，则执行预设功能（S14），其中，所述最近存储的n个指纹信息为所述初始时刻与所述当前时刻之间的n个其他时刻通过指纹识别认证存储的n个指纹信息，n为正整数。该技术方案可以避免由于使用者指纹磨损导致的无法准确识别使用者身份的问题，便于使用。

Description

一种指纹识别方法以及电子设备 技术领域
本公开涉及指纹识别技术领域，更具体的说，涉及一种指纹识别方法以及电子设备。
背景技术
随着科学技术的不断发展，越来越多的电子设备广泛的应用于人们的日常生活以及工作当中，为人们的日常生活以及工作带来了巨大的便利，成为当今人们不可或缺的重要工具。电子设备的功能越来越多，存储使用者的个人信息也越来越多，越来越重要，为了保证使用者个人信息的安全，电子设备身份识别功能的强弱，成为衡量电子设备功能的一个重要标准。
指纹识别以其采集过程简单、唯一性以及安全性高，成为当今电子设备进行身份识别的主要方式之一。一般的，指纹识别需要首先采集一个标准指纹信息，后续进行指纹识别时，将当前采集的指纹信息与预先存储的标准指纹信息进行比对，根据比对结果进行身份识别。
电子设备在进行指纹识别时，常常由于使用者的指纹会受到磨损，进而无法准确识别使用者身份，使用不方便。
发明内容
本公开实施例提供如下技术方案：
一种指纹识别方法，所述指纹识别方法包括：
在当前时刻，获取第一应用程序的指纹识别指令；
执行所述指纹识别指令，采集使用者的当前指纹信息；
处理初始时刻采集的标准指纹信息、最近存储的n个指纹信息以及所述当前指纹信息；
如果初始时刻采集的标准指纹信息、最近存储的n个指纹信息以及所述当前指纹信息满足第一条件，则执行预设功能，
其中，所述最近存储的n个指纹信息为所述初始时刻与所述当前时刻之间的n个其他时刻通过指纹识别认证存储的n个指纹信息，n为正整数。
优选的，在上述指纹识别方法中，所述如果初始时刻采集的标准指纹信息、最近存储的n个指纹信息以及所述当前指纹信息满足第一条件，则执行预设操作包括：
将所述当前指纹信息依次与所述标准指纹信息以及所述最近存储的n个指纹信息分别进行比对；
基于n+1个比对结果，获取n+1个容错率；
如果所述n+1个容错率的变化规律满足所述第一条件，则执行预设操作。
优选的，在上述指纹识别方法中，所述第一条件包括：
所述容错率不超过设定的阈值，且所述容错率随着时间推移逐渐减小。
优选的，在上述指纹识别方法中，还包括：
根据所述第一应用程序的安全级别，设定所述阈值的大小。
优选的，在上述指纹识别方法中，如果满足所述第一条件，该方法还包括：
存储所述当前指纹信息。
本公开实施例还提供了一种电子设备，包括：
指纹采集装置，所述指纹采集装置用于采集使用者的指纹信息；
存储器，所述存储器用于存储指纹信息；
控制器，所述控制器用于在当前时刻，获取第一应用程序的指纹识别指令，执行所述指纹识别指令，控制所述指纹采集装置采集使用者的当前指纹信息，处理初始时刻采集的标准指纹信息、最近存储的n个指纹信息以及所述当前指纹信息，如果初始时刻采集的标准指纹信息、最近存储的n个指纹信息以及所述当前指纹信息满足第一条件，则控制电子设备执行预设功能，
其中，所述最近存储的n个指纹信息为所述初始时刻与所述当前时刻之间的n个其他时刻通过指纹识别认证存储的n个指纹信息，n为正整数；所述存储器存储有所述标准指纹信息以及所述最近存储的n个指纹信息。
优选的，在上述电子设备中，所述控制器用于将所述当前指纹信息依次与所述标准指纹信息以及所述最近存储的n个指纹信息分别进行比对，基于n+1个比对结果，获取n+1个容错率，如果所述n+1个容错率的变化规律满足所述第一条件，则控制电子设备执行预设操作。
优选的，在上述电子设备中，所述第一条件包括所述容错率不超过设定的阈值，且所述容错率随着时间推移逐渐减小。
优选的，在上述电子设备中，所述控制器还用于根据所述第一应用程序的安全级别，设定所述阈值的大小。
优选的，在上述电子设备中，所述控制器还用于使得所述存储器存储所述当前指纹信息。
通过上述描述可知，本公开技术方案提供关断指纹识别方法以及电子设备中具有如下优点：
一般的，使用者指纹发生磨损，指纹受到磨损发生改变是个渐变过程。本公开技术方案在进行指纹识别时，根据初始时刻采集的标准指纹信息、最近存储的n个指纹信息以及所述当前指纹信息判断是否满足第一条件，这样，根据初始时刻采集的标准指纹信息、最近存储 的n个指纹信息可以判断使用者指纹在磨损过程中的变化规律。在依据当前指纹信息以及初始时刻的标准指纹信息进行身份识别的方式的基础上，本公开技术方案进一步依据使用者指纹在磨损过程中的变化规律进行身份识别，可以避免由于使用者指纹磨损导致的无法准确识别使用者身份的问题，便于使用。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据提供的附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本公开实施例提供的一种指纹识别方法的原理示意图；
图2为本公开实施例提供的一种判断是否满足第一条件的方法的流程示意图；
图3为本公开实施例提供的一种电子设备的结构示意图；
图4为本公开实施例提供的一种电子设备进行指纹识别的工作原理示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。此外，在以下说明中，省略了对公知结构和技术的描述，以避免不必要地混淆本公开的概念。
在此使用的术语仅仅是为了描述具体实施例，而并非意在限制本公开。在此使用的术语“包括”、“包含”等表明了所述特征、步骤、操作和/或部件的存在，但是并不排除存在或添加一个或多个其他特征、步骤、操作或部件。
在此使用的所有术语(包括技术和科学术语)具有本领域技术人员通常所理解的含义，除非另外定义。应注意，这里使用的术语应解释为具有与本说明书的上下文相一致的含义，而不应以理想化或过于刻板的方式来解释。
在使用类似于“A、B和C等中至少一个”这样的表述的情况下，一般来说应该按照本领域技术人员通常理解该表述的含义来予以解释(例如，“具有A、B和C中至少一个的系统”应包括但不限于单独具有A、单独具有B、单独具有C、具有A和B、具有A和C、具有B和C、和/或具有A、B、C的系统等)。在使用类似于“A、B或C等中至少一个”这样的表 述的情况下，一般来说应该按照本领域技术人员通常理解该表述的含义来予以解释(例如，“具有A、B或C中至少一个的系统”应包括但不限于单独具有A、单独具有B、单独具有C、具有A和B、具有A和C、具有B和C、和/或具有A、B、C的系统等)。本领域技术人员还应理解，实质上任意表示两个或更多可选项目的转折连词和/或短语，无论是在说明书、权利要求书还是附图中，都应被理解为给出了包括这些项目之一、这些项目任一方、或两个项目的可能性。例如，短语“A或B”应当被理解为包括“A”或“B”、或“A和B”的可能性。
附图中示出了一些方框图和/或流程图。应理解，方框图和/或流程图中的一些方框或其组合可以由计算机程序指令来实现。这些计算机程序指令可以提供给通用计算机、专用计算机或其他可编程数据处理装置的处理器，从而这些指令在由该处理器执行时可以创建用于实现这些方框图和/或流程图中所说明的功能/操作的装置。
因此，本公开的技术可以硬件和/或软件(包括固件、微代码等)的形式来实现。另外，本公开的技术可以采取存储有指令的计算机可读介质上的计算机程序产品的形式，该计算机程序产品可供指令执行系统使用或者结合指令执行系统使用。在本公开的上下文中，计算机可读介质可以是能够包含、存储、传送、传播或传输指令的任意介质。例如，计算机可读介质可以包括但不限于电、磁、光、电磁、红外或半导体系统、装置、器件或传播介质。计算机可读介质的具体示例包括：磁存储装置，如磁带或硬盘(HDD)；光存储装置，如光盘(CD-ROM)；存储器，如随机存取存储器(RAM)或闪存；和/或有线/无线通信链路。
为使本公开的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本公开作进一步详细的说明。
参考图1，图1为本公开实施例提供的一种指纹识别方法的原理示意图，所述指纹识别方法用于电子设备，该指纹识别犯法包括：
步骤S11：在当前时刻，获取第一应用程序的指纹识别指令。
所述电子设备运行第一应用程序时，第一应用程序需要进行指纹识别，通过指纹识别满足身份条件后，执行预设功能。使用者可以通过触控面板或是机械按键输入所述指纹识别指令。
步骤S12：执行所述指纹识别指令，采集使用者的当前指纹信息。
电子设备可以通过内置指纹传感器采集使用者的当前指纹信息。
步骤S13：处理初始时刻采集的标准指纹信息、最近存储的n个指纹信息以及所述当前指纹信息。。
其中，所述最近存储的n个指纹信息为初始时刻与所述当前时刻之间的n个其他时刻通 过指纹识别认证存储的n个指纹信息，n为正整数。n可以根据需求设定，如可以设定n＝5或是4或是3等。
步骤S14：如果初始时刻采集的标准指纹信息、最近存储的n个指纹信息以及所述当前指纹信息满足第一条件，则执行预设功能。
如果否，则停止本次指纹识别过程，等待进行下次指纹识别。
根据初始时刻采集的标准指纹信息、最近存储的n个指纹信息可以判断使用者指纹在磨损过程中的变化规律，也就是说，随着时间推移手指磨损越严重，且磨损导致使用者的指纹信息是逐渐改变的，相邻两次指纹检测过程中采集的使用者的指纹信息的容错率是随着时间的推移逐渐增大的。
在依据当前指纹信息以及初始时刻的标准指纹信息进行身份识别的方式的基础上，本发实施例所述指纹识别方法进一步依据使用者指纹在磨损过程中的变化规律进行身份识别，可以避免由于使用者指纹磨损导致的无法准确识别使用者身份的问题，便于使用。
所述如果初始时刻采集的标准指纹信息、最近存储的n个指纹信息以及所述当前指纹信息满足第一条件，则执行预设操作的方法如图2所示，图2为本公开实施例提供的一种判断是否满足第一条件的方法的流程示意图，所述方法包括：
步骤S21：将所述当前指纹信息依次与所述标准指纹信息以及所述最近存储的n个指纹信息分别进行比对。
步骤S22：基于n+1个比对结果，获取n+1个容错率。
设定初始时刻采集的标准指纹信息为Z 0，当前时刻采集的指纹信息为Z X，根据上述描述，初始时刻与当前时刻之间存储有n个指纹信息，该n个指纹信息即为所述最近存储的n个指纹信息，设该n个指纹信息按照时间由先到后的顺序依次为Z 1和Z n。
将Z X与Z 0进行比对得到一个比对结果D 1，将Z x与Z 1进行比对得到一个比对结果D 2，依次类推，最后将Z x与Z n进行比对得到一个比对结果D n+1，共获取n+1个容错率。
步骤S23：如果所述n+1个容错率的变化规律满足所述第一条件，则执行预设操作。
如上述，手指磨损随着时间推移，是一个渐变的过程，磨损越严重，相邻两次指纹检测过程中采集的使用者的指纹信息的容错率越大。
具体的，所述第一条件包括，所述容错率不超过设定的阈值，且所述容错率随着时间推移逐渐减小。可以设定每次比对结果的容错率对应同一阈值，或是每一次比对结果分别设置一个阈值。
本公开实施例所述指纹识别方法还包括：根据所述第一应用程序的安全级别，设定所述阈值的大小。使用者可以根据应用程序的不同设置不用的安全级别。具体的，网络支付应用 程序的安全运行关系到使用者财产安全，可以设定其安全级别高于其他应用程序的安全级别，例如设置购物支付的安全级别高于手机屏幕解锁的安全级别。安全级别越高的应用程序，其指纹识别过程中容错率对应的阈值越小。
如果满足所述第一条件，本公开实施例所述指纹识别方法还包括：存储所述当前指纹信息。进一步的，为了降低存储信息量，当存储所述当前指纹信息后，还包括将所述最近存储的n个指纹信息中最先的一个指纹信息删除，这样，只需要始终存储n个最近通过指纹识别认证的指纹信息，以便于执行本公开实施例所述指纹识别方法。
下面举例说明本公开实施例所述指纹识别方法的执行过程。
当初始时刻采集标准指纹信息后，存储该标准指纹信息用于指纹识别。需要说明的是，当存储所述标准指纹信息后，当首次进行指纹识别时，只有在于标准指纹信息的匹配率大于99.99％的条件下，即在极高的匹配率下才存储通过指纹认证的指纹信息，用于下次指纹认证的识别依据。
例如，设定非支付应用程序进行指纹识别时对应的所述阈值为20％，支付应用程序进行指纹识别时对应的所述阈值为5％；设定初始时刻与当前时刻之间，共有m次通过指纹认证的记录，m为不小于n的正整数。执行本公开实施例所述指纹识别方法时，如设定n＝5，即在m次通过指纹认证对应的m个指纹信息中选取最近的5个指纹信息，将该5个指纹信息与所述标准指纹信息以及所述当前指纹信息一起用于指纹识别。
如下表1所示，当某一非支付应用程序对应的当前指纹信息与Z 0-Z 5比对后的容错率依次为20％、15％、10％、5％、1％、0.1％时，满足上述设定：容错率不超过所述阈值，且随着时间推移逐渐减小，故满足第一条件，通过指纹认证，可以通过该应用程序执行预设功能；当某一支付应用程序对应的当前指纹信息与Z 0-Z 5比对后的容错率依次为5％、4％、3％、2％、1％、0.1％时，满足上述设定：容错率不超过所述阈值，且随着时间推移逐渐减小，故满足第一条件，通过指纹认证，可以通过该应用程序执行预设功能。
表1
Figure PCTCN2018096434-appb-000001
通过上述描述可知，本公开实施例所述指纹识别方法中，在和初始时刻采集的标准指纹信息进行比对的同时，还比较最近n次存储的指纹信息，同时计算每次比对时的容错率，对应使用者的指纹如果是磨损导致的指纹改变，容错率呈现上述规律，即不超过设定阈值，且随着时间推移逐渐变小。
本公开实施例所述指纹识别方法中，当前指纹信息与上一次存储的指纹信息匹配容错率在一定范围内，依然可以成功完成指纹识别认证，存储当前指纹信息作为下一次指纹识别的识别依据。因此，采用本公开实施例所述指纹识别方法，可以在指纹识别过程中不断更新存储用于指纹比对的指纹信息，无需额外增加标注指纹信息的采集过程，可以在使用者指纹磨损的过程中，不断更新指纹数据库，避免由于使用者指纹磨损导致的无法准确识别使用者身份的问题。
在本公开实施例所述指纹识别方法中，可以针对应用程序设置不同的容错率对应的阈值，比如手机的账户登录、电脑的账户登录、原始信息的读取、以及最近读取信息的查阅时，可以适当提高容错率对应的阈值，以保证信息安全。针对需要通过指纹认证支付的应用程序，可以设定每次比对的容错率均分别对应一个阈值，且相对于其他非支付应用程序，相应容错率安全级别均提高一个等级，即具有更小的阈值。
采用本公开实施例所述指纹识别方法时，使用者可以根据应用程序的安全级别通过设定上述阈值设定每一次指纹识别的指纹识别率，比如网银以及网购支付等应用程序可以设定每一次的指纹识别率均不小于99.99％，即每次比对的容错率对应的阈值均小于0.01％，且需要满足所有容错率随时间推移逐渐降低，而其他安全级别一般的应用程序，如手机解锁等，设置其指纹识别率较低，如80％，即每次比对的容错率对应的阈值均小于20％，且需要满足所有容错率随时间推移逐渐降低。
基于上述指纹识别方法实施例，本公开另一实施例还提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备如图3所示，图3为本公开实施例提供的一种电子设备的结构示意图，该电子设备包括：指纹采集装置11，所述指纹采集装置11用于采集使用者的指纹信息；存储器12，所述存储器12用于存储指纹信息；控制器13，所述控制器用于在当前时刻，获取第一应用程序的指纹识别指令，执行所述指纹识别指令，控制所述指纹采集装置11采集使用者的当前指纹信息，处理初始时刻采集的标准指纹信息、最近存储的n个指纹信息以及所述当前指纹信息，如果初始时刻采集的标准指纹信息、最近存储的n个指纹信息以及所述当前指纹信息满足第一条件，则控制电子设备执行预设功能。
其中，所述最近存储的n个指纹信息为所述初始时刻与所述当前时刻之间的n个其他时刻通过指纹识别认证存储的n个指纹信息，n为正整数；所述存储器存储有所述标准指纹信 息以及所述最近存储的n个指纹信息。
根据本公开实施例，所述如果初始时刻采集的标准指纹信息、最近存储的n个指纹信息以及所述当前指纹信息满足所述第一条件，则控制电子设备执行预设功能包括：所述控制器13用于将所述当前指纹信息依次与所述标准指纹信息以及所述最近存储的n个指纹信息分别进行比对，基于n+1个比对结果，获取n+1个容错率，如果该n+1个容错率的变化规律满足所述第一条件，则控制电子设备执行预设功能。
具体的，所述第一条件包括所述容错率是否不超过设定的阈值，且所述容错率随着时间推移逐渐减小。
可选的，所述控制器13还用于根据所述第一应用程序的安全级别，设定所述阈值的大小。
可选的，所述控制器13还用于使得所述存储器12存储所述当前指纹信息；为了节省存储空间，所述控制器13还用于将所述最近存储的n个指纹信息中最先的一个指纹信息在所述存储器12中删除。
本公开实施例所述电子设备，通过控制器13执行上述指纹识别方法，控制器13的执行所述指纹识别方法的原理如图4所示，图4为本公开实施例提供的一种电子设备进行指纹识别的工作原理示意图，执行指纹识别指令时，控制器13首先通过指纹采集装置11进行指纹采集，获取当前指纹信息，控制器13根据当前指纹信息生成指纹图像，然后对该指纹图像进行预处理，所述预处理包括二值化、细化以及DSP处理过程，再进行指纹匹配，在满足第一条件的情况下，执行预设功能。进行指纹匹配时，从存储器12中读取标准指纹信息以及最近存储的n次指纹信息，可以判断标准指纹信息、最近存储的n次指纹信息以及所述当前指纹信息是否满足第一条件，基于判断结果输出匹配结果。如果匹配值大于指纹识别率，即满足第一条件，控制存储器12存储本次采集的指纹信息。
本公开实施例所述电子设备，可以在初始时刻采集的标准指纹信息、最近存储的n个指纹信息以及所述当前指纹信息满足第一条件的情况下执行预设功能，这样，根据初始时刻采集的标准指纹信息、最近存储的n个指纹信息可以判断使用者指纹在磨损过程中的变化规律。在依据当前指纹信息以及初始时刻的标准指纹信息进行身份识别的方式的基础上，本公开技术方案进一步依据使用者指纹在磨损过程中的变化规律进行身份识别，可以避免由于使用者指纹磨损导致的无法准确识别使用者身份的问题，便于使用。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。对于实施例公开的电子设备而言，由于其与实施例公开的指纹识别方法相对应，所以描述的比较简单，相关之处参见指纹识别方法相应部分说明即可。
本领域技术人员可以理解，本公开的各个实施例和/或权利要求中记载的特征可以进行多种组合或/或结合，即使这样的组合或结合没有明确记载于本公开中。特别地，在不脱离本公开精神和教导的情况下，本公开的各个实施例和/或权利要求中记载的特征可以进行多种组合和/或结合。所有这些组合和/或结合均落入本公开的范围。对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本公开。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本公开的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本公开将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种指纹识别方法，包括：
    在当前时刻，获取第一应用程序的指纹识别指令；
    执行所述指纹识别指令，采集使用者的当前指纹信息；
    处理初始时刻采集的标准指纹信息、最近存储的n个指纹信息以及所述当前指纹信息；
    如果初始时刻采集的标准指纹信息、最近存储的n个指纹信息以及所述当前指纹信息满足第一条件，则执行预设功能，
    其中，所述最近存储的n个指纹信息为所述初始时刻与所述当前时刻之间的n个其他时刻通过指纹识别认证存储的n个指纹信息，n为正整数。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的指纹识别方法，其中，所述如果初始时刻采集的标准指纹信息、最近存储的n个指纹信息以及所述当前指纹信息满足第一条件，则执行预设功能包括：
    将所述当前指纹信息依次与所述标准指纹信息以及所述最近存储的n个指纹信息分别进行比对；
    基于n+1个比对结果，获取n+1个容错率；
    如果所述n+1个容错率的变化规律满足所述第一条件，则执行预设功能。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的身份识别方法，其中，所述第一预设条件包括：
    所述容错率不超过设定的阈值，且所述容错率随着时间推移逐渐减小。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的身份识别方法，还包括：
    根据所述第一应用程序的安全级别，设定所述阈值的大小。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的指纹识别方法，其中，如果满足所述第一条件，所述方法还包括：
    存储所述当前指纹信息。
  6. 一种电子设备，包括：
    指纹采集装置，所述指纹采集装置用于采集使用者的指纹信息；
    存储器，所述存储器用于存储指纹信息；
    控制器，所述控制器用于在当前时刻，获取第一应用程序的指纹识别指令，执行所述指纹识别指令，控制所述指纹采集装置采集使用者的当前指纹信息，处理初始时刻采集的标准指纹信息、最近存储的n个指纹信息以及所述当前指纹信息，如果初始时刻采集的标准指纹信息、最近存储的n个指纹信息以及所述当前指纹信息满足第一条件，则控制电子设备执行预设功能，
    其中，所述最近存储的n个指纹信息为所述初始时刻与所述当前时刻之间的n个其他时刻通过指纹识别认证存储的n个指纹信息，n为正整数，所述存储器存储有所述标准指纹信息以及所述最近存储的n个指纹信息。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电子设备，其中，所述控制器用于将所述当前指纹信息依次与所述标准指纹信息以及所述最近存储的n个指纹信息分别进行比对，基于n+1个比对结果，获取n+1个容错率，如果所述基于n+1个容错率的变化规律满足所述第一条件，则控制电子设备执行预设功能。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电子设备，其中，所述第一条件包括所述容错率不超过设定的阈值，且所述容错率随着时间推移逐渐减小。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电子设备，其中，所述控制器还用于根据所述第一应用程序的安全级别，设定所述阈值的大小。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的电子设备，其中，所述控制器还用于使得所述存储器存储所述当前指纹信息。
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