WO2019029488A1

WO2019029488A1 - Method and apparatus for reference signal allocation

Info

Publication number: WO2019029488A1
Application number: PCT/CN2018/099009
Authority: WO
Inventors: 向铮铮; 罗俊; 刘瑾; 袁璞
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2017-08-11
Filing date: 2018-08-06
Publication date: 2019-02-14
Also published as: CN109391432B; CN109391432A

Abstract

Provided in the present application are a method and apparatus for reference signal allocation. The method comprises: determining reference signal resource allocation information, wherein the reference signal resource allocation information comprises M pieces of first allocation information and N pieces of second allocation information, the ith piece of first allocation information in the M pieces of first allocation information corresponds to Ki pieces of second allocation information in the N pieces of second allocation information, the ith piece of first allocation information comprises at least one parameter of Ki reference signal resources, and the jth piece of second allocation information in the Ki pieces of second allocation information comprises at least one parameter of the jth reference signal resource in the Ki reference signal resources, and M, N, i, Ki, and j are positive integers; and sending the reference signal resource allocation information to a terminal device. With the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, the efficiency of a system may be improved.

Description

Reference signal configuration method and device

Technical field

The present application relates to the field of communications and, more particularly, to a method and apparatus for reference signal configuration.

Background technique

Wireless communication technology has experienced rapid development in the past few decades. It has experienced the first generation wireless communication system based on analog communication system, and the 2G wireless communication system represented by Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM). 3G wireless communication system represented by Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), and now it has been widely used in the world and has achieved great success in Long Term Evolution (LTE) 4G wireless communication. system. The services supported by wireless communication systems have also evolved from initial voice and text messaging to now supporting wireless high-speed data communications. At the same time, the number of wireless connections around the world is experiencing sustained high-speed growth, and a variety of new types of wireless services are emerging, such as the Internet of Things, autopilot, etc., all of which are for next-generation wireless communication systems, namely 5G. The system puts forward higher requirements.

The Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS) is an important reference signal in the LTE network, and is mainly used for acquiring the wireless channel information CSI by the terminal device.

In the new generation of Radio (NR) networks, CSI-RS can be used not only to obtain channel information, but also to perform beam management and mobility measurement. Therefore, the nature of CSI-RS is more complicated than LTE, and there are more configurable parameters. The CSI-RS resource is configured separately for each terminal device. When multiple CSI-RS resources need to be configured for the terminal device, the network device may separately indicate each parameter of each CSI-RS resource, and then corresponding signaling. Send to the terminal device together. After receiving the signaling sent by the network device, the terminal device separately reads the configuration information of each CSI-RS resource. Thus, the overhead of signaling is proportional to the number of configured CSI-RS resources. When the number of CSI-RS resources is large, the signaling overhead caused by the CSI-RS resources is very large, thereby reducing the efficiency of the system.

Summary of the invention

The present application provides a method and apparatus for reference signal configuration that can increase the efficiency of the system.

In a first aspect, a method of reference signal configuration is provided, comprising:

Determining reference signal resource configuration information, where the reference signal resource configuration information includes M first configuration information and N second configuration information, and the ith first configuration information of the M first configuration information corresponds to N second configuration information in the second configuration information K _i, the i-th first configuration information comprising a resource reference signals K _i of at least one parameter of the second configuration information K _i in the j-th second configuration The information includes at least one parameter of the jth reference signal resource of the K _i reference signal resources, where M, N, i, K _i and j are positive integers;

The reference signal resource configuration information is sent to the terminal device.

In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the reference signal resource is configured by using the first configuration information and the second configuration information, where the first configuration information includes at least one parameter of the plurality of reference signal resources, and the second configuration information includes a reference signal resource. At least one parameter, so that the repeated configuration of parameters common to multiple reference signal resources can be reduced, signaling overhead is reduced, and the efficiency of the system can be improved.

In some possible implementations, the ith first configuration information further includes identification information of each of the reference signal resources of the K _i reference signal resources; and/or each of the K _i second configuration information A second configuration information further includes group identification information of the K _i reference signal resources.

In some possible implementations, the ith first configuration information includes all parameters of the K _i reference signal resources, and the j th second configuration information includes a parameter value of the j th reference signal resource and the Different parameters in the first configuration information.

In this way, the second configuration information only needs to include parameters different from the first configuration information corresponding to the parameter value, so that the configuration overhead can be reduced.

In some possible implementations, the ith first configuration information includes a part of parameters of the K _i reference signal resources, and the j th second configuration information includes the ith number of the j th reference signal resources A parameter not included in the configuration information.

The parameters with the same parameter values of the K _i reference signal resources are configured in the first configuration information, and the other parameters are respectively configured in the second configuration information of each reference signal resource, which can further reduce the configuration overhead.

In some possible implementations, the ith first configuration information includes a part of parameters of the K _i reference signal resources, and the j th second configuration information includes a parameter value of the j th reference signal resource and the Different parameters in the first configuration information and parameters not included in the i-th first configuration information.

The first configuration information includes only a part of the parameters, and the second configuration information only needs to include different parameters in the first configuration information corresponding to the parameter value and parameters not included in the first configuration information, thereby reducing configuration overhead.

In some possible implementations, the M is 1 and the N is K _i .

For the case of not grouping or only one group, since there is only one first configuration information, the correspondence between the first configuration information and the second configuration information is determined, and therefore, the first configuration information and/or the second configuration information The correspondence may not be included, thereby further saving signaling overhead.

In some possible implementation manners, the correspondence between the first configuration information and the second configuration information may also be a predetermined correspondence. In this way, the correspondence may not need to be included in the first configuration information and/or the second configuration information, thereby further saving signaling overhead.

In some possible implementations, the M first configuration information sequentially corresponds to the M group second configuration information, where the first M-1 group second configuration information in the M group second configuration information includes the N first The first M-1 group in the second configuration information

The second configuration information, the Mth group second configuration information in the M group second configuration information includes the last of the N second configuration information

Second configuration information.

In some possible implementations, the K _i reference signal resources are associated with the same synchronization signal block, or the K _i reference signal resources have the same quasi-colocated QCL configuration.

The K _i reference signal resources corresponding to the same first configuration information may have an association relationship such that they may have more of the same parameters.

In some possible implementations, the sending reference resource resource configuration information to the terminal device includes:

The reference signal resource configuration information is sent to the terminal device by dedicated signaling.

In some possible implementations, the dedicated signaling may be RRC signaling.

Transmitting the M first configuration information to the terminal device by using public signaling;

The N pieces of second configuration information are sent to the terminal device by dedicated signaling.

In some possible implementations, the common signaling may be PBCH, RMSI, or OSI.

In some possible implementations, the reference signal is a channel state information reference signal CSI-RS or a time-frequency tracking reference signal TFT-RS.

In a second aspect, a method of reference signal configuration is provided, comprising:

Receiving the reference signal resource configuration information sent by the network device, where the reference signal resource configuration information includes the M first configuration information and the N second configuration information, and the ith first configuration information of the M first configuration information of N should be in the second configuration information K _i-th second configuration information, the i-th first configuration information comprises at least one parameter of K _i-th reference signal resources, the K _i of the j-th second configuration information The second configuration information includes at least one parameter of the jth reference signal resource of the K _i reference signal resources, where M, N, i, K _i and j are positive integers;

And determining the configured reference signal resource according to the reference signal resource configuration information.

In some possible implementation manners, for each reference signal resource, if a corresponding parameter is included in the second configuration information, the parameter value in the second configuration information is used, if the corresponding second configuration is If a parameter is not included in the information, the value of the parameter in the corresponding first configuration information is used.

In some possible implementations, the M is 1 and the N is K _i .

Second configuration information.

In some possible implementation manners, the reference signal resource configuration information sent by the receiving network device includes:

Receiving the reference signal resource configuration information sent by the network device by using dedicated signaling.

Receiving, by using public signaling, the M first configuration information sent by the network device;

Receiving the N pieces of second configuration information sent by the network device by using dedicated signaling.

In a third aspect, an apparatus for reference signal configuration is provided, comprising a processor and a transceiver, the method of the first aspect described above or any possible implementation thereof.

In a fourth aspect, an apparatus for reference signal configuration is provided, comprising a processor and a transceiver, the method of the second aspect described above or any possible implementation thereof.

In a fifth aspect, a computer storage medium is provided having stored therein program code, the program code being operative to indicate a method of performing the first or second aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

In a sixth aspect, a computer program product comprising instructions, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method of the first or second aspect or any possible implementation thereof.

DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic diagram of a system to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

2 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a schematic diagram of a CSI-RS mapping on a physical resource block pair.

FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a method for configuring a reference signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of reference signal resource configuration information according to an embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for reference signal configuration in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for reference signal configuration in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a schematic diagram of a system to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied. As shown in FIG. 1, system 100 can include network device 102 and

terminal devices

104, 106, 108, 110, 112, and 17, wherein the network device and the terminal device are connected by wireless. It should be understood that FIG. 1 is only an example in which the system includes a network device, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the system may further include more network devices; similarly, the system may also include more terminals. device. It should also be understood that the system may also be referred to as a network, which is not limited by the embodiment of the present invention.

This specification describes various embodiments in connection with a terminal device. The terminal device may also refer to a user equipment (User Equipment, UE), an access terminal, a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, a mobile station, a mobile station, a remote station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a user terminal, a terminal, a wireless communication device, and a user agent. Or user device. The access terminal may be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phone, a Wireless Local Loop (WLL) station, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), with wireless communication. Functional handheld devices, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, terminal devices in future 5G networks, or in future evolutionary public land mobile network (PLMN) networks Terminal equipment, etc.

By way of example and not limitation, in the embodiment of the present invention, the terminal device may also be a wearable device. A wearable device, which can also be called a wearable smart device, is a general term for applying wearable technology to intelligently design and wear wearable devices such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes. A wearable device is a portable device that is worn directly on the body or integrated into the user's clothing or accessories. Wearable devices are more than just a hardware device, but they also implement powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction. Generalized wearable smart devices include full-featured, large-size, non-reliable smartphones for full or partial functions, such as smart watches or smart glasses, and focus on only one type of application, and need to work with other devices such as smartphones. Use, such as various smart bracelets for smart signs monitoring, smart jewelry, etc.

This description describes various embodiments in connection with a network device. The network device may be a device for communicating with the terminal device, and the network device may be a Global System of Mobile communication (GSM) or a base station in Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) (Base Transceiver Station) , BTS), may also be a base station (NodeB, NB) in a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, or may be an evolved base station in a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system ( The evolved Node B, the eNB or the eNodeB, may also be a wireless controller in a Cloud Radio Access Network (CRAN) scenario, or the network device may be a relay station, an access point, an in-vehicle device, or a wearable device. And network devices in future 5G networks or network devices in future evolved PLMN networks.

In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, the network device provides a service for the cell, and the terminal device communicates with the network device by using a transmission resource (for example, a frequency domain resource, or a spectrum resource) used by the cell, where the cell may be a network device. (e.g., a base station) corresponding to a cell, the cell may belong to a macro base station, or may belong to a base station corresponding to a small cell, where the small cell may include: a metro cell, a micro cell, and a pico cell. (Pico cell), femto cell, etc. These small cells have the characteristics of small coverage and low transmission power, and are suitable for providing high-speed data transmission services. In addition, the cell may also be a hypercell.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture by which an embodiment of the present invention may be applied. The network architecture diagram may be a network architecture diagram of an NR in a next generation wireless communication system. In the network architecture diagram, the network device can be divided into a centralized unit (CU) and multiple Transmission Reception Point (TRP)/Distributed Unit (DU), that is, network equipment. The Bandwidth Based Unit (BBU) is reconstructed into DU and CU functional entities. It should be noted that the form and number of the centralized unit and the TRP/DU do not constitute a limitation on the embodiment of the present invention. The form of the centralized unit corresponding to each of the network device 1 and the network device 2 shown in FIG. 2 is different, but does not affect the respective functions. It can be understood that the centralized unit 1 and the TRP/DU in the dotted line range are constituent elements of the network device 1, and the centralized unit 2 and the TRP/DU in the solid line range are constituent elements of the network device 2, and the network device 1 and Network device 2 is a network device (or referred to as a base station) involved in the NR system.

The CU can handle the functions of the wireless high-layer protocol stack, such as the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, etc., and even support some core network functions to sink and connect. Network access, termed as edge computing network, can meet the higher requirements of future communication networks for emerging services such as video, online shopping, virtual/augmented reality for network delay.

The DU can mainly handle the layer 2 function with high physical layer function and real-time requirement. Considering the transmission resources of the radio remote unit (RRU) and the DU, the physical layer function of some DUs can be moved up to the RRU. The miniaturization of RRUs, even more aggressive DUs, can be combined with RRUs.

CU can be deployed in a centralized manner, DU deployment depends on the actual network environment, core urban area, high traffic density, small station spacing, limited space in the computer room, such as colleges and universities, large-scale performance venues, etc., DU can also be centralized DUs can be deployed in a distributed manner, such as suburban counties and mountainous areas.

The S1-C interface exemplified in FIG. 2 may be a standard interface between the network device and the core network, and the device connected to the specific S1-C is not shown in FIG. 2.

In an LTE network, the CSI-RS can transmit on up to 32 antenna ports, and the corresponding antenna port numbers are p=15, 16, ..., 42. With regard to antenna ports, the spatial dimension in LTE is measured by "layer" and is implemented using multi-antenna transmission and multi-antenna reception techniques, each layer corresponding to a valid data stream and mapped to a logical antenna port. Each antenna port corresponds to a time-frequency resource grid, and has a corresponding reference signal for the receiver to perform channel estimation and coherent demodulation.

The eNB periodically sends CSI-RS signals, and the period may be 5 milliseconds, 10 milliseconds, 20 milliseconds, 40 milliseconds, and 80 milliseconds, and CSI-RSs transmitted on different antenna ports may occupy different time-frequency resources. Figure 3 shows the location of possible time-frequency resources of a CSI-RS on a pair of physical resource blocks.

The above description of the CSI-RS for LTE may be a supplement to the embodiment of the present invention. In the embodiment of the present invention, the application of CSI-RS has further changes than LTE. In the NR network, CSI-RS can be used not only to acquire channel information, but also to perform beam management and mobility measurement. Therefore, the nature of CSI-RS is more complicated than LTE, and there are more configurable parameters. Taking the CSI-RS for mobility measurement as an example, the configurable parameters include: period, transmission bandwidth, measurement bandwidth, frequency position, sequence generation parameters, subcarrier spacing, association information with synchronization signal blocks, and time-frequency resources. Wait. Some of these configurable parameters may be common to multiple CSI-RS resources, for example, the cycles of multiple CSI-RS resources associated with the same sync signal block are the same. In view of this, the embodiment of the present invention provides a technical solution, where multiple reference signal resources are configured by using first configuration information common to multiple reference signal resources and second configuration information of each reference signal resource to reduce configuration. Overhead, improve system efficiency.

It should be understood that the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention may be applied to various reference signals, which are not limited by the embodiments of the present invention. For example, in addition to the CSI-RS, the Time and Frequency Tracking Reference Signal (TFT-RS) also needs to be configured with various parameters. Therefore, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention can also be applied. In other words, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention can be applied as long as it is a reference signal that needs to be configured with multiple parameters. Hereinafter, for convenience of description, a CSI-RS or a TFT-RS will be described as an example.

For the CSI-RS, the parameters may include a measurement CSI-RS resource identifier (measCSI-RS-Id-NR), a cell identifier (physCellId-NR), a scrambling identity-NR, and a time-frequency resource configuration (resourceConfig-NR). , period and offset (subframeConfig-NR), transmission bandwidth (transmissionBW-NR), measurement bandwidth (measBW-NR), frequency location (frequencyLocation-NR), subcarrier spacing (numerology-NR), associated synchronization signal block Sequence number (associateSSblock-NR), etc.; for TFT-RS, parameters may include measuring TFT-RS resource identifier (measTFT-RS-Id-NR), cell identifier (physCellId-NR), scrambling identity-NR, time The frequency resource configuration (resourceConfig-NR), the antenna port (antennaPortsCount-NR), the period and the offset (subframeConfig-NR), the subcarrier spacing (numerology-NR), and the like, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.

4 is a schematic flow chart of a method of reference signal configuration in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The network device in FIG. 4 may be the network device described above; the terminal device may be the terminal device described above. Of course, in the actual system, the number of the network device and the terminal device may not be limited to the examples in this embodiment or other embodiments, and details are not described herein again.

410. The network device determines reference signal resource configuration information.

The reference signal resource configuration information includes M first configuration information and N second configuration information, and the i th first configuration information of the M first configuration information corresponds to K _i of the N second configuration information second configuration information, the i-th first configuration information comprises at least one parameter of K _i-th reference signal resources, the j-th second configuration information of the K _i in the second configuration information comprises the resource reference signals K _i At least one parameter of the jth reference signal resource, M, N, i, K _i and j are all positive integers.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the configuration information resources are configured by using two types of configuration information, that is, the first configuration information and the second configuration information. For K _i reference signal resources, at least one parameter common to them is configured by a first configuration information; on this basis, each reference signal resource of the K _i reference signal resources is configured by a second configuration information Corresponding at least one parameter. That is to say, the first configuration information is a basic configuration of K _i reference signal resources, and the second configuration information is a sub-configuration of each reference signal resource. Thus, for the N reference signal resources to be configured, there are a total of N second configuration information and M first configuration information, where the K _i second configuration information corresponds to the ith first configuration information. The K _i reference signal resources corresponding to the K _i second configuration information may be a group corresponding to the ith first configuration information. That is, the N reference signal resources may be M groups, and the ith group includes K _i reference signal resources, each group corresponding to one first configuration information, and each reference signal resource corresponding to one second configuration information.

For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the reference signal resource configuration information may include M first configuration information and N second configuration information, where each first configuration information corresponds to multiple (set) of reference signal resources, including multiple ( a set of at least one parameter common to the reference signal resource; each second configuration information corresponds to a reference signal resource, including at least one parameter of the reference signal resource.

Optionally, in one embodiment of the invention, M is 1 and N is K _i . That is, the N reference signal resources to be configured correspond to only one first configuration information. This is equivalent to the case where N reference signal resources are not grouped or have only one group. In this case, N is equal to K _i , that is, one first configuration information corresponds to N second configuration information. The first configuration information includes at least one parameter common to the N reference signal resources; each of the N second configuration information includes at least one parameter of each of the N reference signal resources.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the K _i reference signal resources are associated with the same synchronization signal block, or the K _i reference signal resources have the same Quasi-Co-Location (QCL) configuration.

Specifically, the K _i reference signal resources corresponding to the same first configuration information may have an association relationship, so that they may have more identical parameters. For example, the K _i reference signal resources may be associated with the same synchronization signal block, or have the same quasi-homogeneous configuration, or have other association relationships, which is not limited by the embodiment of the present invention.

Alternatively, in one embodiment of the present invention, the i-th first configuration information further includes the reference signal K _i identify each resource reference signal resource information; and / or the second configuration K _i Each of the second configuration information in the information further includes group identification information of the K _i reference signal resources.

Specifically, the correspondence between the first configuration information and the second configuration information may be included in the first configuration information and/or the second configuration information. For example, the first configuration information may include a list of identifiers of the corresponding K _i reference signal resources. The K _i reference signal resources and the K _i second configuration information corresponding to the first configuration information may be determined by the identifier list. This is equivalent to mapping from the first configuration information to the second configuration information. Each second configuration information K _i second configuration information may include identification information of the set K _i of reference signal resources. The group identification information identifies the K _i reference signal resources, that is, the first configuration information corresponding to the K _i reference signal resources may be identified. The first configuration information corresponding to each second configuration information may be determined by the group identification information. This is equivalent to mapping from the second configuration information to the first configuration information.

It should be understood that the correspondence between the first configuration information and the second configuration information may adopt one-way mapping, that is, only adopting mapping from the first configuration information to the second configuration information or from the second configuration information to the first configuration. The mapping of the information may also be a two-way mapping, that is, the mapping from the first configuration information to the second configuration information and the mapping from the second configuration information to the first configuration information are not limited.

Optionally, for the case of not grouping or only one group, since there is only one first configuration information, the correspondence between the first configuration information and the second configuration information is determined, and therefore, in the first configuration information and/or The correspondence may not be included in the second configuration information, thereby further saving signaling overhead.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the M first configuration information sequentially corresponds to the M group second configuration information, where the second M-1 group second configuration information in the M group second configuration information includes, in order, The first M-1 group of the N second configuration information

Second configuration information.

Specifically, the correspondence between the first configuration information and the second configuration information may also be a predetermined correspondence. In this way, the correspondence may not need to be included in the first configuration information and/or the second configuration information, thereby further saving signaling overhead. The terminal device may determine, according to the predetermined correspondence, which second configuration information corresponds to the second configuration information. For example, the M first configuration information and the N second configuration information may be scheduled to correspond in order, before

Each of the second configuration information

The second configuration information is a group, and the M-1 second configuration information groups respectively correspond to the first M-1 first configuration information in the M first configuration information, and finally

The second configuration information corresponds to the Mth first configuration information, where

Indicates rounding down.

It should be understood that the foregoing predetermined correspondence is only an example, and the corresponding relationship between the first configuration information and the second configuration information may also adopt other predetermined correspondences, as long as the network side and the terminal side agree in advance, the present invention is implemented. This example is not limited to this.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the i th first configuration information includes all parameters of the K _i reference signal resources, and the j th second configuration information includes parameters of the j th reference signal resource The value is different from the parameter in the i-th first configuration information.

Specifically, in this embodiment, all the parameters of the corresponding K _i reference signal resources are included in the first configuration information, and correspondingly, each second configuration information only needs to include the parameter value and the first configuration information. Different parameters. For example, the default value of all parameters may be included in the first configuration information. For each reference signal resource, if the parameter value of a certain parameter is different from that in the first configuration information, it is configured in the second configuration information. In this case, the value of the parameter in the second configuration information is used, that is, the parameter value in the second configuration information covers the parameter value in the first configuration information. If the parameter value of a certain parameter is the same as that in the first configuration information, it is no longer configured in the second configuration information, that is, the parameter value in the first configuration information is adopted. In this way, the second configuration information only needs to include parameters different from the first configuration information corresponding to the parameter value, so that the configuration overhead can be reduced.

For example, for CSI-RS, configuration signaling of reference signal resource configuration information may be as follows, where "BasicMeasCSI-RS-Config-NR" indicates first configuration information, and "MeasCSI-RS-Config-NR" indicates second configuration information. :

In the above example, the parameters in "MeasCSI-RS-Config-NR" may be selected based on the parameters in "BasicMeasCSI-RS-Config-NR". That is to say, for each reference signal resource, if one of its parameters is the same as the parameter value of the corresponding parameter in "BasicMeasCSI-RS-Config-NR", the parameter is not included in "MeasCSI-RS-Config-NR". If a parameter is different from the parameter value of the corresponding parameter in "BasicMeasCSI-RS-Config-NR", include it in "MeasCSI-RS-Config-NR", in this case, "MeasCSI" The parameter value in -RS-Config-NR" is accurate.

"subMeasCSI-RS-ID-List-NR" indicates a list of identifiers of corresponding reference signal resources, and the correspondence between "BasicMeasCSI-RS-Config-NR" and "MeasCSI-RS-Config-NR" is preset In the case of this, the item can be omitted, and will not be described below.

For example, in a case where a predetermined correspondence relationship is adopted between the correspondence between the first configuration information and the second configuration information, the configuration signaling of the reference signal resource configuration information may be as follows:

For the case of no grouping or only one group, the configuration signaling of the reference signal resource configuration information may be as follows:

For the TFT-RS, configuration signaling of the reference signal resource configuration information may be as follows, where "BasicMeas TFT-RS-Config-NR" indicates first configuration information, and "MeasTFT-RS-Config-NR" indicates second configuration information:

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the ith first configuration information includes a part of parameters of the K _i reference signal resources, where the j th second configuration information includes the j th reference signal resource The parameter not included in the i-th first configuration information.

Specifically, in this embodiment, a part of parameters of the corresponding K _i reference signal resources are included in the first configuration information. That is to say, the parameters in the first configuration information are also optional, and are no longer all parameters. Correspondingly, each second configuration information only needs to include parameters that are not included in the first configuration information. For example, only the parameters having the same parameter value for the K _i reference signal resources are selected in the first configuration information. Thus, for each reference signal resource of the K _i reference signal resources, the second configuration information only needs to include the remaining parameters. That is to say, the parameters with the same parameter values of the K _i reference signal resources are configured in the first configuration information, and the other parameters are respectively configured in the second configuration information of each reference signal resource, which can further reduce the configuration overhead.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the i th first configuration information includes a part of parameters of the K _i reference signal resources, and the j th second configuration information includes parameters of the j th reference signal resource The parameter is different from the parameter in the ith first configuration information and the parameter not included in the ith first configuration information.

Specifically, for the case that the first configuration information includes a part of parameters of the corresponding K _i reference signal resources, each second configuration information may include a parameter that is different from the first configuration information and the first configuration information. Parameters not included. For example, a default value of a part of the parameters may be included in the first configuration information. In addition to the parameters with the same parameter values for the K _i reference signal resources, this part of the parameters may have different parameters from the parameter values of the corresponding parameters of a certain reference signal resource. In this way, in addition to the parameters not included in the first configuration information, the second configuration information includes parameters that are different from those in the first configuration information. For the latter, the parameter values in the second configuration information are quasi.

For the case where the first configuration information includes a part of the parameters, the CSI-RS is taken as an example, and the configuration signaling of the reference signal resource configuration information may be as follows:

420. The network device sends the reference signal resource configuration information to the terminal device.

The reference signal resource configuration information may be sent to the terminal device through a signaling, or may be sent to the terminal device through multiple signaling.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the network device may send the reference signal resource configuration information to the terminal device by using dedicated signaling.

For example, the network device may send the reference signal resource configuration information by using Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the network device may send the M first configuration information to the terminal device by using public signaling, and send the N second configuration information to the terminal device by using dedicated signaling.

Specifically, the first configuration information and the second configuration information may be separately sent, the first configuration information is sent by using common signaling, and the second configuration information is sent by using dedicated signaling.

For example, the public signaling may be a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH), remaining system information (RMSI), or other system information (OSI); the dedicated signaling may be RRC signaling. However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.

Taking CSI-RS as an example, the configuration signaling of the first configuration information can be as follows:

The configuration signaling of the second configuration information may be as follows:

430. The terminal device determines the configured reference signal resource according to the reference signal resource configuration information.

The terminal device receives the reference signal resource configuration information, and determines the reference signal resource configured by the network side according to the M first configuration information and the N second configuration information. Specifically, for each reference signal resource, if the corresponding second configuration information includes a certain parameter, the parameter value in the second configuration information is used, and if the corresponding second configuration information does not include a certain A parameter is based on the parameter value in the corresponding first configuration information. In this way, the terminal device can acquire all parameters of the reference signal resource, so that the reference signal resource can be determined.

It should be understood that the various embodiments of the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented separately or in combination, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

It is to be understood that the specific embodiments of the present invention are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of the invention.

It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present invention, the size of the sequence numbers of the above processes does not mean the order of execution, and the order of execution of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not be taken to the embodiments of the present invention. The implementation process constitutes any limitation.

The method of reference signal configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention is described in detail above, and an apparatus for configuring a reference signal according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

6 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for reference signal configuration in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. The device can be a network device.

It should be understood that the device may correspond to a network device in each method embodiment, and may have any function of the network device in the method.

As shown in FIG. 6, the apparatus includes a processor 610 and a transceiver 620.

Alternatively, the transceiver 620 may be referred to as a remote radio unit (RRU), a transceiver unit, a transceiver, or a transceiver circuit, and the like. The transceiver 620 can include at least one antenna and a radio frequency unit, and the transceiver 620 can be used for transceiving radio frequency signals and converting radio frequency signals with baseband signals.

Optionally, the apparatus may include a baseband unit (BBU), the baseband unit including the processor 610. The baseband unit can be used for baseband processing such as channel coding, multiplexing, modulation, spread spectrum, etc., as well as controlling network devices. The transceiver 620 and the baseband unit may be physically disposed together or physically separated, that is, a distributed network device.

In one example, the baseband unit may be composed of one or more single boards, and the multiple boards may jointly support a single access system radio access network, or may respectively support different access systems of the radio access network.

In one example, the baseband unit can be reconstructed into the aforementioned DU and CU functional entities.

The baseband unit includes a processor 610. The processor 610 can be used to control the network device to perform corresponding operations in the foregoing method embodiments. Optionally, the baseband unit may also include a memory to store the necessary instructions and data.

The processor 610 is configured to determine reference signal resource configuration information, where the reference signal resource configuration information includes M first configuration information and N second configuration information, and an ith one of the M first configuration information a configuration information K _i N second configuration information should be in the second configuration, the i-th first configuration information comprises at least one parameter of K _i-th reference signal resources, the K _i in the second configuration information The jth second configuration information includes at least one parameter of the jth reference signal resource of the K _i reference signal resources, where M, N, i, K _i and j are positive integers;

The transceiver 620 is configured to send the reference signal resource configuration information to the terminal device.

Alternatively, the i-th first configuration information further includes identification information of each of the reference signal resources K _i reference signal resources; and / or, each of the second configuration of the K _i in the second configuration information The information also includes group identification information of the K _i reference signal resources.

Optionally, the ith first configuration information includes all parameters of the K _i reference signal resources, and the jth second configuration information includes a parameter value of the j th reference signal resource and the ith first Different parameters in the configuration information.

Optionally, the ith first configuration information includes a part of parameters of the K _i reference signal resources, where the j th second configuration information includes the ith first configuration information of the j th reference signal resource Parameters not included.

Optionally, the ith first configuration information includes a part of parameters of the K _i reference signal resources, where the j th second configuration information includes a parameter value of the j th reference signal resource and the ith first Different parameters in the configuration information and parameters not included in the i-th first configuration information.

Optionally, the M is 1 and the N is K _i .

Optionally, the M first configuration informations are sequentially corresponding to the M group second configuration information, where the second M-1 group second configuration information in the M group second configuration information includes the N second configuration information in sequence. Pre-M-1 group

Second configuration information.

Optionally, the K _i reference signal resources are associated with the same synchronization signal block, or the K _i reference signal resources have the same quasi-colocated QCL configuration.

Optionally, the transceiver 620 is specifically configured to:

Transmitting the M first configuration information to the terminal device by using public signaling; and transmitting the N second configuration information to the terminal device by using dedicated signaling.

Optionally, the reference signal is a channel state information reference signal CSI-RS or a time-frequency tracking reference signal TFT-RS.

7 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for reference signal configuration in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. The device can be a terminal device.

It should be understood that the device may correspond to the terminal device in each method embodiment, and may have any function of the terminal device in the method.

As shown in FIG. 7, the apparatus includes a processor 710 and a transceiver 720.

Optionally, the transceiver 720 can include a control circuit and an antenna, wherein the control circuit can be used for converting baseband signals and radio frequency signals and processing the radio frequency signals, and the antenna can be used to transmit and receive radio frequency signals.

Optionally, the device may also include other major components of the terminal device, such as memory, input and output devices, and the like.

The processor 710 can be configured to process the communication protocol and the communication data, and control the entire terminal device, execute the software program, and process the data of the software program, for example, to support the terminal device to perform the corresponding operations in the foregoing method embodiments. Memory is primarily used to store software programs and data. After the terminal device is powered on, the processor 710 can read the software program in the memory, interpret and execute the instructions of the software program, and process the data of the software program.

The transceiver 720 is configured to receive reference signal resource configuration information that is sent by the network device, where the reference signal resource configuration information includes M first configuration information and N second configuration information, where the M first configuration information is the i-th first configuration information corresponding to the N second configuration information, second configuration information K _i, the i-th first configuration information comprises the at least one parameter of K _i-th reference signal resources, the _i-th K The jth second configuration information in the second configuration information includes at least one parameter of the jth reference signal resource in the K _i reference signal resources, where M, N, i, K _i and j are positive integers;

The processor 710 is configured to determine a configured reference signal resource according to the reference signal resource configuration information.

Optionally, the M is 1 and the N is K _i .

Second configuration information.

Optionally, the transceiver 720 is specifically configured to:

Receiving, by the public signaling, the M first configuration information sent by the network device; and receiving, by using dedicated signaling, the N second configuration information sent by the network device.

It should be understood that the processor 610 or the processor 710 in the embodiment of the present invention may be implemented by a processing unit or a chip. Alternatively, the processing unit may be composed of multiple units in the implementation process.

It should be understood that the transceiver 620 or the transceiver 720 in the embodiment of the present invention may be implemented by a transceiver unit or a chip. Alternatively, the transceiver 620 or the transceiver 720 may be constituted by a transmitter or a receiver, or may be received by a transmitting unit or a receiver. Unit composition.

It should be understood that the processor 610 and the transceiver 620 in the embodiment of the present invention may be implemented by a chip, and the processor 710 and the transceiver 720 may be implemented by using a chip.

Optionally, the network device or the terminal device may further include a memory, where the program may store the program code, and the processor calls the program code stored in the memory to implement the corresponding function of the network device or the terminal device. Alternatively, the processor and memory can be implemented by a chip.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides a processing apparatus, including a processor and an interface;

The processor is for performing the methods of the various embodiments of the invention described above.

The processing device may be a chip, and the processor may be implemented by hardware or by software. When implemented by hardware, the processor may be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, or the like; when implemented by software, the processing may be performed. The device can be implemented as a general purpose processor by reading software code stored in the memory, which can be integrated in the processor and can exist independently of the processor.

For example, the processing device may be a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), may be an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or may be a System on Chip (SoC). It can be a Central Processor Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), or a Micro Controller (Micro Controller). Unit, MCU), can also be a Programmable Logic Device (PLD) or other integrated chip.

The embodiment of the invention further provides a device for configuring a reference signal, comprising a processing unit and a transceiver unit. The processing unit and the transceiver unit may be implemented in software or in hardware. In the case of a hardware implementation, the processing unit may be the processor 610 in FIG. 6, and the transceiver unit may be the transceiver 620 in FIG. 6; or the processing unit may be the processor 710 in FIG. The unit may be the transceiver 720 of FIG.

The embodiment of the present invention further provides a communication system, which includes the network device in the foregoing network device embodiment and the terminal device in the terminal device embodiment.

In the above embodiments, it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, it may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in accordance with embodiments of the present invention are generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transferred from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions can be from a website site, computer, server or data center Transfer to another website site, computer, server, or data center by wire (eg, coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless (eg, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer readable storage medium can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, or the like that includes one or more available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (eg, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (eg, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (such as a Solid State Disk (SSD)) or the like.

It should be understood that in the embodiment of the present invention, the term "and/or" is merely an association relationship describing an associated object, indicating that there may be three relationships. For example, A and/or B may indicate that A exists separately, and A and B exist simultaneously, and B cases exist alone. In addition, the character "/" in this article generally indicates that the contextual object is an "or" relationship.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the elements and algorithm steps of the various examples described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the solution. A person skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each particular application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present application.

A person skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and brevity of the description, the specific working process of the system, the device and the unit described above can refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiment, and details are not described herein again.

In the several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the unit is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be another division manner, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or Can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.

The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.

In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

The functions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application, which is essential or contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium, including The instructions are used to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present application. The foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like, which can store program codes. .

The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application. It should be covered by the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

A method for configuring a reference signal, comprising:

Determining reference signal resource configuration information, where the reference signal resource configuration information includes M first configuration information and N second configuration information, where the ith first configuration information of the M first configuration information corresponds to of said N second configuration information, second configuration information K i, the i-th first configuration information comprising a resource reference signals K i of at least one parameter of the K i in the second configuration information The j second configuration information includes at least one parameter of the jth reference signal resource of the K i reference signal resources, where M, N, i, K i and j are positive integers;

Transmitting the reference signal resource configuration information to the terminal device.
The method according to claim 1, wherein the i-th first configuration information further comprises identification information of each of the reference signal resources of the K i reference signals; and/or the K i Each of the second configuration information further includes group identification information of the K i reference signal resources.
The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the i-th first configuration information includes all parameters of the K i reference signal resources, and the j-th second configuration information includes the The parameter values of the j reference signal resources are different from the parameters in the ith first configuration information.
The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the i-th first configuration information comprises a part of parameters of the K i reference signal resources, and the j-th second configuration information comprises the Parameters not included in the i-th first configuration information of the j reference signal resources.
The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the i-th first configuration information comprises a part of parameters of the K i reference signal resources, and the j-th second configuration information comprises the The parameter values of the j reference signal resources are different from the parameters in the ith first configuration information and the parameters not included in the ith first configuration information.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the M is 1, and the N is K i .
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the M first configuration information sequentially corresponds to the M group second configuration information, wherein the M of the M group second configuration information -1 group second configuration information sequentially includes the first M-1 group of the N second configuration information
The second configuration information, the Mth group second configuration information in the M group second configuration information includes the last of the N second configuration information
Second configuration information.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the K i reference signal resources are associated with the same synchronization signal block, or the K i reference signal resources have the same quasi-homogonal QCL configuration. .
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the transmitting the reference signal resource configuration information to the terminal device comprises:

The reference signal resource configuration information is sent to the terminal device by dedicated signaling.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the transmitting the reference signal resource configuration information to the terminal device comprises:

Transmitting, by the public signaling, the M first configuration information to the terminal device;

Transmitting the N pieces of second configuration information to the terminal device by using dedicated signaling.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the reference signal is a channel state information reference signal CSI-RS or a time-frequency tracking reference signal TFT-RS.
A method for configuring a reference signal, comprising:

Receiving the reference signal resource configuration information sent by the network device, where the reference signal resource configuration information includes M first configuration information and N second configuration information, and the ith first of the M first configuration information the at least one parameter of the configuration information corresponding to the N second configuration information, second configuration information K i, the i-th first configuration information comprising a resource reference signals K i, said second configuration K i The jth second configuration information in the information includes at least one parameter of the jth reference signal resource of the K i reference signal resources, where M, N, i, K i and j are positive integers;

And determining the configured reference signal resource according to the reference signal resource configuration information.
The method according to claim 12, wherein the ith first configuration information further comprises identification information of each of the reference signal resources of the K i reference signals; and/or the K i Each of the second configuration information further includes group identification information of the K i reference signal resources.
The method according to claim 12 or 13, wherein the i-th first configuration information includes all parameters of the K i reference signal resources, and the j-th second configuration information includes the The parameter values of the j reference signal resources are different from the parameters in the ith first configuration information; or

The i-th first configuration information includes a part of parameters of the K i reference signal resources, and the j-th second configuration information includes the ith first configuration information of the j-th reference signal resource Parameters not included in; or,

The i-th first configuration information includes a part of parameters of the K i reference signal resources, and the j-th second configuration information includes parameter values of the j-th reference signal resource and the i-th A parameter in the configuration information and a parameter not included in the ith first configuration information.
The method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein said M is 1 and said N is K i .
The method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein the M first configuration information sequentially corresponds to the M group second configuration information, wherein the M of the M group second configuration information -1 group second configuration information sequentially includes the first M-1 group of the N second configuration information
The second configuration information, the Mth group second configuration information in the M group second configuration information includes the last of the N second configuration information
Second configuration information.
The method according to any one of claims 12 to 16, wherein the receiving reference resource resource configuration information sent by the network device comprises:

Receiving, by using dedicated signaling, the reference signal resource configuration information sent by the network device; or

Receiving, by the public signaling, the M first configuration information sent by the network device, and receiving, by using dedicated signaling, the N second configuration information sent by the network device.
A device for configuring a reference signal, comprising: a processor and a transceiver; wherein

The processor is configured to determine reference signal resource configuration information, where the reference signal resource configuration information includes M first configuration information and N second configuration information, and an ith of the M first configuration information a first configuration information corresponding to the N second configuration information, second configuration information K i, the i-th first configuration information comprising a resource reference signals K i of at least one parameter of the i-th K The jth second configuration information in the second configuration information includes at least one parameter of the jth reference signal resource in the K i reference signal resources, where M, N, i, K i and j are positive integers;

The transceiver is configured to send the reference signal resource configuration information to a terminal device.
The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein the ith first configuration information further comprises identification information of each of the reference signal resources of the K i reference signals; and/or the K i Each of the second configuration information further includes group identification information of the K i reference signal resources.
The apparatus according to claim 18 or 19, wherein the i-th first configuration information includes all parameters of the K i reference signal resources, and the j-th second configuration information includes the The parameter values of the j reference signal resources are different from the parameters in the ith first configuration information; or

The i-th first configuration information includes a part of parameters of the K i reference signal resources, and the j-th second configuration information includes the ith first configuration information of the j-th reference signal resource Parameters not included in; or,

The i-th first configuration information includes a part of parameters of the K i reference signal resources, and the j-th second configuration information includes parameter values of the j-th reference signal resource and the i-th A parameter in the configuration information and a parameter not included in the ith first configuration information.
The device according to any one of claims 18 to 20, wherein said M is 1 and said N is K i .
The device according to any one of claims 18 to 20, wherein the M first configuration information sequentially corresponds to the M group second configuration information, wherein the M of the M group second configuration information -1 group second configuration information sequentially includes the first M-1 group of the N second configuration information
The second configuration information, the Mth group second configuration information in the M group second configuration information includes the last of the N second configuration information
Second configuration information.
The device according to any one of claims 18 to 12, wherein the transceiver is specifically configured to:

Transmitting the reference signal resource configuration information to the terminal device by using dedicated signaling; or

Transmitting, by the public signaling, the M first configuration information to the terminal device; and sending the N second configuration information to the terminal device by using dedicated signaling.
A device for configuring a reference signal, comprising: a processor and a transceiver; wherein

The transceiver is configured to receive reference signal resource configuration information that is sent by the network device, where the reference signal resource configuration information includes M first configuration information and N second configuration information, and the M first configuration information The i th first configuration information corresponds to K i second configuration information in the N second configuration information, and the i th first configuration information includes at least one parameter of the K i reference signal resources, where j-th second configuration information K i said second configuration information includes resource j-th reference signal of the reference signal resources K i of at least one parameter, M, N, i, K i and j are Is a positive integer;

The processor is configured to determine a configured reference signal resource according to the reference signal resource configuration information.
The apparatus according to claim 24, wherein the ith first configuration information further comprises identification information of each of the reference signal resources of the K i reference signals; and/or the K i Each of the second configuration information further includes group identification information of the K i reference signal resources.
The apparatus according to claim 24 or 25, wherein the i-th first configuration information includes all parameters of the K i reference signal resources, and the j-th second configuration information includes the The parameter values of the j reference signal resources are different from the parameters in the ith first configuration information; or

The i-th first configuration information includes a part of parameters of the K i reference signal resources, and the j-th second configuration information includes the ith first configuration information of the j-th reference signal resource Parameters not included in; or,

The i-th first configuration information includes a part of parameters of the K i reference signal resources, and the j-th second configuration information includes parameter values of the j-th reference signal resource and the i-th A parameter in the configuration information and a parameter not included in the ith first configuration information.
The apparatus according to any one of claims 24 to 26, wherein said M is 1 and said N is K i .
The apparatus according to any one of claims 24 to 26, wherein the M first configuration information sequentially corresponds to the M group second configuration information, wherein the M of the M group second configuration information -1 group second configuration information sequentially includes the first M-1 group of the N second configuration information
The second configuration information, the Mth group second configuration information in the M group second configuration information includes the last of the N second configuration information
Second configuration information.
The device according to any one of claims 24 to 28, wherein the transceiver is specifically configured to:

Receiving, by using dedicated signaling, the reference signal resource configuration information sent by the network device; or

Receiving, by the public signaling, the M first configuration information sent by the network device; and receiving, by using dedicated signaling, the N second configuration information sent by the network device.
A computer storage medium, characterized in that the computer storage medium stores program code, the program code being operative to indicate execution of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 17.