WO2019025635A1 - Heat exchanger, heating unit and heating apparatus for recreational vehicles, and recreational vehicles - Google Patents

Heat exchanger, heating unit and heating apparatus for recreational vehicles, and recreational vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019025635A1
WO2019025635A1 PCT/EP2018/071298 EP2018071298W WO2019025635A1 WO 2019025635 A1 WO2019025635 A1 WO 2019025635A1 EP 2018071298 W EP2018071298 W EP 2018071298W WO 2019025635 A1 WO2019025635 A1 WO 2019025635A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
heat exchange
exchange zone
heat exchanger
additional
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/071298
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Vito BOTTICELLA
Enrico Paci
Marco ZANI
Original Assignee
Dometic Sweden Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from IT102017000090907A external-priority patent/IT201700090907A1/en
Priority claimed from IT102017000090904A external-priority patent/IT201700090904A1/en
Application filed by Dometic Sweden Ab filed Critical Dometic Sweden Ab
Priority to DE212018000249.5U priority Critical patent/DE212018000249U1/en
Publication of WO2019025635A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019025635A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
    • F24H1/12—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium
    • F24H1/14—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium by tubes, e.g. bent in serpentine form
    • F24H1/16—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium by tubes, e.g. bent in serpentine form helically or spirally coiled
    • F24H1/165—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium by tubes, e.g. bent in serpentine form helically or spirally coiled using fluid fuel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
    • B60H1/00364—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for caravans or trailers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
    • B60H1/2203—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant the heat being derived from burners
    • B60H1/2212—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant the heat being derived from burners arrangements of burners for heating air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
    • F23C6/02—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in parallel arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
    • F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection
    • F23C6/045—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection with staged combustion in a single enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
    • F23D14/10—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner with elongated tubular burner head
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/34—Burners specially adapted for use with means for pressurising the gaseous fuel or the combustion air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/34—Burners specially adapted for use with means for pressurising the gaseous fuel or the combustion air
    • F23D14/36—Burners specially adapted for use with means for pressurising the gaseous fuel or the combustion air in which the compressor and burner form a single unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L15/00—Heating of air supplied for combustion
    • F23L15/04—Arrangements of recuperators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L5/00—Blast-producing apparatus before the fire
    • F23L5/02—Arrangements of fans or blowers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F23L9/04—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel  by discharging the air beyond the fire, i.e. nearer the smoke outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/025—Air heaters with forced circulation using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/06—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators
    • F24H3/065—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1809—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
    • F24H9/1832—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners
    • F24H9/1836—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
    • F24H9/1854—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
    • F24H9/1877—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners
    • F24H9/1881—Arrangement or mounting of combustion heating means, e.g. grates or burners using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
    • F28D7/12—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically the surrounding tube being closed at one end, e.g. return type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/14—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally
    • F28F1/16—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally the means being integral with the element, e.g. formed by extrusion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
    • F28F1/422—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element with outside means integral with the tubular element and inside means integral with the tubular element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
    • B60H2001/2268—Constructional features
    • B60H2001/2271—Heat exchangers, burners, ignition devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
    • B60H2001/2268—Constructional features
    • B60H2001/2278—Connectors, water supply, housing, mounting brackets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/06041—Staged supply of oxidant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2211/00—Flue gas duct systems
    • F23J2211/10—Balanced flues (combining air supply and flue gas exhaust)
    • F23J2211/101—Balanced flues (combining air supply and flue gas exhaust) with coaxial duct arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H6/00—Combined water and air heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
    • F28D2021/0091—Radiators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Definitions

  • Heat exchanger Heating unit and heating apparatus
  • This invention relates to a heat exchanger and a heating unit as well as a heating apparatus with such a heat exchanger and recreational vehicles equipped with one of the above devices.
  • a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between a heated gas and a fluid in particular a gas usually comprises a gas conduit configured to receive and to transfer the heated gas for example from a burner and a duct configured to receive and to transfer the fluid to be heated.
  • the duct contacts the gas conduit such that heat exchange but no material exchange can occur between the heated gas within the gas conduit and the fluid within the duct through walls separating the corresponding areas.
  • Such heat exchangers commonly have a quite bad efficiency with regard to the heat exchange between the heated gas and the fluid to be heated, or have a big quite big extension to achieve an acceptable heat exchange.
  • the scope of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger having high efficiency with regard to the heat exchange between the heated gas and the fluid to be heated while being quite compact compared to known systems. Moreover, the scope of the present invention is to provide corresponding heating units, heating apparatus and recreational vehicles utilizing the concept developed from this task. These scopes are achieved by the heat exchanger according to claim 1 , a heating unit according to claim 5, a heating apparatus according to claim 8 as well as a recreational vehicle according to claim 10.
  • the heat exchanger comprises a gas conduit configured to receive and to transfer the heated gas and a duct configured to receive and to transfer the fluid to be heated.
  • the gas conduit has a gas inlet, a gas outlet as well as a first heat exchange zone surrounded by a corresponding gas pipe and a second heat exchange zone surrounded by a corresponding chamber.
  • the gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchange zone is coupled to the gas inlet, the second heat exchange zone is connected to the first heat exchange zone and the gas outlet is coupled to the chamber surrounding the second heat exchange zone.
  • the gas conduit is geometrically shaped in such a way that heated gas entering the gas conduit at the gas inlet at first has to flow through the first heat exchange zone and then through the second heat exchange zone before it can leave the gas conduit through the gas outlet.
  • the chamber surrounding the second heat exchange zone and the gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchange zone are provided within the duct of the heat exchanger.
  • the gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchange zone is arranged within the chamber surrounding the second heat exchange zone and the gas inlet is provided with respect to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger radially within the gas outlet.
  • This concrete configuration results in a very compact but highly effective heat exchanger due to the fact that heat transferred within the second heat exchange zone from the heated gas provided therein to the fluid provided in the duct can be resupplied to the second heat exchange zone from the first heat exchange zone even before the heated gas has to flow form the first heat exchange zone to the second heat exchange zone.
  • the length of the effective path on which heat is transferred from the heated gas to the gas within the duct is increased (nearly doubled) compared to known devices with the same length.
  • the gas inlet, the gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchange zone, the chamber surrounding the second heat exchange zone and the gas outlet of the heat exchanger have a rectangular cross section seen along the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger.
  • the gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchange zone has smooth walls, separating the first heat exchange zone from the second heat exchange zone in a radial direction seen along the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger, but allowing a heat exchange between gas within the first heat exchange zone and the second heat exchange zone.
  • the chamber surrounding the second heat exchange zone has walls with a plurality of lamellas pointing towards the inner of the second heat exchange zone and/ or towards the area within the duct outside the chamber surrounding the second heat exchange zone, such that the second heat exchange zone is separated from the inner of the duct surrounding the gas conduit but a heat exchange between the heated gas within the second heat exchange zone and the gas within the inner of the duct surrounding the gas conduit can occur.
  • Such a heat exchanger has a highly increased efficiency with regard to a heat exchange between the heated gas within the second heat exchange zone and the gas within the inner of the duct due to the highly increased contact areas between the walls of the chamber surrounding the second heat exchange zone and the two gases.
  • the lamellas decrease the flow rate of the corresponding gases in the corresponding area and thus increase the period during which the gases are within the area provided for heat exchange between them. This results in a more comprehensive heat exchange between the gases.
  • the heating unit comprises at least one of the above described heat exchangers and a burner coupled to the heat exchanger.
  • the burner comprises at least one burner module and a combustion chamber with an igniter.
  • the burner module has a conduit with an inlet port for receiving a mixture of primary air and combustible gas, and an outlet port leading to the combustion chamber.
  • the outlet port in particular is a line of nozzles and the conduit in particular is geometrically configured to provide a suction of the mixture of primary air and combustible gas by Venturi effect.
  • the combustion chamber is coupled to the gas inlet of the gas conduit of the heat exchanger.
  • the combustion chamber of the burner is provided at least partially as section of the gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchange zone.
  • This concrete configuration allows transferring the advantageous effects of the above described heat exchanger to a heating unit.
  • Providing the outlet port as a line of nozzles improves the distribution of the mixture of primary air and combustible gas within the combustion chamber and thus the completeness of the combustion.
  • the utilization of the Venturi effect for supplying the mixture of primary air and combustible gas to the combustion chamber allows omitting further devices fulfilling this task. This results in reduced costs for the heating unit and a decreased susceptibility to errors.
  • Providing the combustion chamber at least partially or even providing the whole burner within the gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchange zone allows saving installation space and thus reduces the overall size of the heating unit.
  • the burner comprises a passage configured to guide a flow of secondary air into the combustion chamber.
  • a fan configured for forcing the flow of secondary air into the combustion chamber is provided within the passage.
  • the amount of the further provided air can be controlled and if desired, air pressure can be applied to the heated gas within the combustion chamber and the gas conduit of the heat exchanger to increase the flow rate and to set the temperature of the heated gas by controlling the amount of secondary air. This results in further possibilities to operate the heating unit according to the user's requirements.
  • the heating apparatus comprises at least one of the above described heating units or a heating unit having a first burner and at least one of the above described heat exchanger coupled thereto.
  • the heating apparatus further has an inlet for supplying the first heating unit with air and an exhaust gas pipe for discharging exhaust gases form the heating apparatus.
  • the heating apparatus further comprises an additional heating unit having a burner and a heat transfer unit coupled to the additional burner.
  • the additional heating unit is connected in parallel with the already provided heating unit to the inlet and the exhaust gas pipe of the heating apparatus.
  • This configuration allows improving the performance capability of the overall heating apparatus and to heat various fluids mostly independently from each other with only one compact heating apparatus.
  • one of the provided heating units is configured to heat gases and the other heating unit is provided for heating fluids, a very versatile heating apparatus is achieved.
  • the two provided heating units of the heating apparatus are arranged side by side or one above the other within the heating apparatus.
  • a final aspect of the present invention refers to a recreational vehicle, wherein the recreational vehicle according to the present invention comprises at least one of the above described heating apparatus, at least one of the above described heating units and/ or at least one of the above described heat exchangers.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a schematic functional scheme of an exemplary embodiment of the heating apparatus according to the present invention
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a spatial view of an exemplary heating apparatus according to the embodiment of the of Fig. 1 ;
  • Figs. 3 to 6 illustrate various cross-sectional views of the heating apparatus of Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 7A and 7B illustrate spatial views of heating units of the heating apparatus of Figs. 2 to 6.
  • the numeral 1 denotes a heating apparatus, according to the present invention.
  • a heating apparatus 1 comprises a combustion unit with at least one burner and a combustion chamber 2.
  • the burner has a burner module 3.
  • the burner module 3 includes a conduit 301 with an inlet port 302 for receiving a mixture of primary air and combustibie gas.
  • the conduit 301 further has an outlet port 303, opened to the combustion chamber 2 to generate a flame within the combustion chamber 2.
  • the outlet port 303 of the conduit 301 is a line of nozzles 15 configured to generate the flame.
  • the heating apparatus 1 also includes an igniter 304 (see Figs. 3 to 5 and 7A), which is positioned in the combustion chamber 2.
  • the conduit 301 is geometrically configured to provide a suction of the mixture of primary air and combustible gas by Venturi effect.
  • the heating apparatus 1 further comprises a passage 4 (see Fig. 5) configured to provide a flow of secondary air into the combustion chamber 2.
  • the heating apparatus 1 includes a duct 5, for conveying a fluid to be heated.
  • the fluid to be heated can for example be a gas like breathable air.
  • the duct 5 has an inlet 501 and an outlet 502 (see Figs. 3 to 5).
  • the duct 5 includes a fluid pump 503.
  • the fluid pump 503 is configured to force the fluid flowing through the duct 5.
  • the fluid pump 503 is configured to aspire the air from the recreational vehicle within which the illustrated heating apparatus can be provided, and to force it into the duct 5 from the inlet 501 to the outlet 502.
  • the fluid pump 503 is configured to aspire air from an external environment and to force it entering into the duct 5.
  • the duct 5 includes a grid, positioned in front of the fluid pump 503 to avoid a pollution of the duct 5.
  • the fluid pump 503 is an air pump.
  • the fluid pump 503 also can be a liquid pump.
  • the inlet 501 of the duct 5 further includes a filter to avoid pollution of the system.
  • a filter to avoid pollution of the system.
  • the outlet 502 of the duct 5 is opened to the inner of the recreational vehicle.
  • the heating apparatus 1 includes a heat exchanger 6.
  • the heat exchanger 6 in the illustrated embodiment is configured for transferring heat from heated exhaust gases flowing from the combustion chamber 2 through a gas conduit 60 of the heat exchanger to the fluid flowing in the duct 5.
  • the gas conduit 60 of the heat exchanger 6 has two heat exchange zones: a first heat exchange zone 601 surrounded by a corresponding gas pipe, configured for heat exchange between the heated exhaust gases, generated in the combustion zone 2, within the first heat exchange zone 601 and the heated exhaust gases within a second heat transfer zone 602, and the second heat exchange zone 602 surrounded by a corresponding chamber, configured for heat exchange between the heated exhaust gases and the fluid to be heated flowing through the duct 5.
  • the combustion zone 2 can be provided at least partially as section of the first heat exchange zone 601 as it is the case in the illustrated embodiment.
  • the gas conduit 60 has a rectangular cross-section seen along its longitudinal direction and further has a gas inlet 603 and a gas outlet 604.
  • the gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchange zone 601 is coupled to the gas inlet 603, the second heat exchange zone 602 is connected to the first heat exchange zone 601 and the gas outlet 604 is coupled to the chamber surrounding the second heat exchange zone 602.
  • the gas conduit 60 is geometrically shaped in such a way that heated exhaust gas entering the gas conduit 60 at the gas inlet 603 at first has to flow through the first heat exchange zone 601 and then through the second heat exchange zone 602 before it can leave the gas conduit 60 through the gas outlet 604.
  • the chamber surrounding the second heat exchange zone 602 and the gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchange zone 601 are provided within the duct 5 of the heat exchanger 6.
  • the gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchange zone 601 is arranged within the chamber surrounding the second heat exchange zone 602 and the gas inlet 603 is provided with respect to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger 6 radially within the gas outlet 604. This allows an improved heat exchange and a quite compact spatial structure of heat exchanger 6.
  • the gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchange zone 601 has smooth walls, communicating with the second heat exchange zone 602.
  • the second heat exchange zone 602 is conformed as a channellike chamber whose walls include a plurality of lamellas. As illustrated here, the walls preferably include some lamellas pointing into the second heat exchange zone and/ or some lamellas pointing into the duct surrounding the gas conduit 60. Both groups of lamellas are configured to optimize the heat exchange between the exhaust gases flowing through the second heat exchange zone and fluid in particular the breathable air, flowing through the duct 5.
  • the heating apparatus 1 comprises a fan 7 configured for forcing the flow of secondary air through the passage 4.
  • the heating apparatus 1 comprises a feeding chamber 8.
  • the feeding chamber 8 is configured to receive air from the external environment.
  • the fan 7 is provided within the passage 4 or like illustrated here at the inlet of the feeding chamber 8 to force air from the external environment into the feeding chamber.
  • the feeding chamber 8 is in fluid communication with the inlet 302 of the conduit 301 to provide said primary air.
  • the feeding chamber 8 also or alternatively can be in fluid communication with the passage 4 to provide said secondary air.
  • the heating apparatus 1 comprises a wall 401 having a first face 402 and a second face 403, opposite to the first face 402.
  • the first face 402 delimits the feeding chamber 8 and the second face 403 delimits the combustion chamber 2.
  • the wall 401 has a plurality of apertures 404 defining the passage 4. In an embodiment, the size of said apertures 404 is optimized according to the desired flow of secondary air towards the combustion chamber 2.
  • the heating apparatus 1 further comprises a gas injector 9.
  • the gas injector 9 is configured for injecting the combustible gas into the inlet 302 of the conduit 301.
  • the gas injector 9 is positioned inside the feeding chamber 8.
  • the gas injector 9 is connected to a gas tank 901 configured to stock the combustible gas.
  • the gas tank 901 is positioned inside the feeding chamber 8.
  • the wall 401 is oriented in a vertical direction V, parallel to the weight force.
  • the conduit 301 at least in its end, is elongated in a horizontal direction H perpendicular to the weight force.
  • the fan 7 is configured for forcing the flow of secondary air into the combustion chamber 2 substantially along the horizontal direction H.
  • the burner can comprise one or more parallel burner modules 31 (see Fig. 7A).
  • Each of the further parallel burner modules 31 comprises one parallel conduit 3 1.
  • Each of the parallel conduits 31 1 has an inlet port 312, for receiving the mixture of primary air and combustible gas, and an outlet port 313, opened to the combustion chamber 2 to generate a flame in the combustion chamber 2.
  • each of the parallel conduits 301 and 311 is geometrically configured to provide a suction of the mixture of primary air and combustible gas by Venturi effect.
  • the parallel burner modules 31 are arranged in parallel with said burner module 3.
  • the feeding chamber 8 is in fluid communication with the inlet port 312 of the one or more parallel conduits 311. In the illustrated embodiment, the inlet ports 312 of the one or more parallel conduits 311 are positioned inside the feeding chamber 8.
  • the apparatus comprises a respective parallel gas injector 91 for each of the one or more parallel burner modules 31.
  • the parallel gas injectors 91 are configured to inject the combustible gas into the inlet ports 312 of the one or more parallel conduits 31 .
  • the parallel gas injectors 91 also are positioned inside the feeding chamber 8 and are connected to the gas tank 901.
  • the passage 4 is configured to provide the flow of secondary air into the combustion chamber 2 at the outlet of the one or more parallel conduits 311.
  • the apparatus also includes a parallel igniter 314 for each parallel burner module 31.
  • the flow of secondary air flows externally to the conduit 301 and to the one or more parallel conduits 311.
  • the heating apparatus 1 comprises an additional burner 30 with an additional combustion chamber 2A.
  • the additional burner 30 comprises at least one additional burner module 3A with an additional conduit 301A.
  • the additional conduit 301A has an inlet port 302A, for receiving an additional mixture of primary air and additional combustible gas and an outlet port 303A, opened to the additional combustion chamber 2A and an igniter 304A to generate a flame in the additional combustion chamber 2A.
  • the heating apparatus 1 also comprises an additional passage 4A.
  • the additional passage 4A is configured to provide an additional flow of secondary into the additional combustion chamber 2A.
  • the heating apparatus 1 further comprises an additional wall 401 A having a first face 402A and a second face 403A, opposite to the first face 402A.
  • the first face 402A of the additional wall 401A delimits the additional feeding chamber 8A and the second face 403A of the additional wall 401A delimits the additional combustion chamber 2A.
  • the additional wall 401 A has a plurality of apertures 404A defining the additional passage 4A. The size of said apertures 404A in the additional wall 401A is optimized according to the desired additional flow of secondary air towards the additional combustion chamber 2A.
  • the heating apparatus 1 includes an additional duct 5A, for conveying an additional fluid to be heated.
  • the additional fluid to be heated for example can be a liquid like water.
  • the additional duct 5A has an inlet 501 A, an outlet 502A and is at least partially configured as heat transfer tank 504A.
  • the heating apparatus 1 includes an additional fluid pump.
  • the additional fluid pump is configured to force the additional fluid flowing through the additional duct 5A from the inlet 501A to the outlet 502A.
  • the additional pump is a liquid pump.
  • the heating apparatus 1 also includes a heat transfer unit 6A configured for transferring heat from exhaust gases flowing through a gas conduit 60A of the heat transfer unit 6A to the aduitional fluid flowing through the additional duct 5A.
  • the gas conduit 60A of the heat transfer unit 6A has a gas inlet 603A, a gas outlet 604A and two zones:
  • a first heat transfer zone 601A is configured to transfer heat from the heated exhaust gases, generated in the additional combustion chamber 2A, and fluid within the additional duct 5A, here in form of a heat transfer tank 504A, in particular water within the heat transfer tank 504A of the additional duct 5A, being surrounded by a corresponding chamber.
  • a second heat transfer zone 602A is also configured to transfer heat from the heated exhaust gases, generated in the additional combustion chamber 2A, and fluid, in particular water within the heat transfer tank 504A of the additional duct 5A, and being surrounded by a corresponding gas pipe.
  • the additional combustion zone 2A at least partially can be provided as section of the first heat transfer zone 601 A.
  • the chamber surrounding the first heat transfer zone 601 A is coupled to the gas inlet 603A
  • the gas pipe surrounding the second heat transfer zone 602A is coupled to the chamber surrounding the first heat transfer zone 601 A
  • the gas outlet 604A is coupled to the gas pipe surrounding the second heat transfer zone 602A.
  • the gas conduit 60A is geometrically shaped so that due to convection, heated gas entering the gas conduit 60A at the gas inlet 603A at first has to flow through the first heat transfer zone 601A and then through the second heat transfer zone 602A before it can leave the gas conduit 60A through the gas outlet 604A.
  • the chamber surrounding the first heat transfer zone 601 A and the gas pipe surrounding the second heat transfer zone 602A are provided within the heat transfer tank 504A of the additional duct 5A.
  • the chamber surrounding the first heat transfer zone 601 A is provided as triangular chamber and the gas pipe surrounding the second heat transfer zone 602A is coupled to the triangular chamber surrounding the first heat transfer zone 601 A in the area of one of its corners.
  • the heating apparatus 1 comprises an additional fan 7A configured for forcing the additional flow of secondary air through the additional passage 4.
  • the heating apparatus 1 comprises an additional feeding chamber 8A configured to receive air from the external environment.
  • the additional fan 7A is provided within the passage 4 or like illustrated here at the inlet of the additional feeding chamber 8A to force air from the external environment into the feeding chamber 2A.
  • the additional feeding chamber 8A is in fluid communication with the inlet 302A of the additional conduit 301A to provide said primary air.
  • the additional feeding chamber 8A also or alternatively can be in fluid communication with the additional passage 4A to provide said aoditional flow of secondar y air.
  • the heating apparatus 1 further comprises an additional gas injector 9A.
  • the additional gas injector 9A is configured for injecting the additional combustible gas into the inlet 302A of the additional conduit 301 A.
  • the additional gas injector 9A is positioned inside the additional feeding chamber 8A.
  • the additional gas injector 9A is connected with an additional gas tank 901A configured to stock the additional combustible gas.
  • the additional gas tank 901A is positioned inside the additional feeding chamber 8A.
  • the additional wall 401A is oriented in the vertical direction V.
  • the additional conduit 301A at least in its end, is elongated in the horizontal direction H.
  • the additional fan 7A is configured for forcing the additional flow of secondary air into the additional combustion chamber 2A substantially along the horizontal direction H.
  • the heating apparatus 1 also comprises at least one feeding mouth 10 being in communication with the external environment.
  • the at least one feeding mouth 10 has a main inlet 101 opened to the external environment.
  • the at least one feeding mouth 10 also has an outlet communicating with the feeding chamber 8 through the fan 7 and/or an additional outlet communicating with the additional feeding chamber 8A through the additional fan 7A.
  • the additional heating unit is provided horizontally side by side with regard to the first heating unit.
  • one heating unit could be provided above the other one to get a compact heating apparatus.
  • An electric board 12 is positioned inside the at least one feeding mouth 10.
  • the heating apparatus 1 further includes an exhaust gases pipe 11.
  • the combustion chamber 8 and the additional combustion chamber 8A are in fluid communication with the exhaust gases pipe 1 1 via the corresponding combustion chambers 2 and 2A and the gas conduits 60 and 60A of the corresponding heat exchanger 6 respectively heat transfer unit 6A.
  • the exhaust gases pipe 11 has an end opened to the external environment.
  • the exhaust gases pipe 11 is partially surrounded by the main inlet 101 of the at least one feeding mouth 10 such that the exhaust gases flowing through the exhaust gases pipe 11 release heat to the air entering into the at least one feeding mouth 0 to increase the overall efficiency of the heating apparatus 1.
  • the heating apparatus 1 further includes a gas valve 13 and a parallel gas valve 131 for each parallel burner 31.
  • the gas valve 13 is connected to the gas injector 9 and the parallel gas valves 131 are connected to the parallel gas injectors 91.
  • the heating apparatus 1 includes an additional gas valve connected to the additional gas injectors 9A.
  • the heating apparatus 1 comprises a single control unit connected to the fan 7.
  • the control unit further is connected to the additional fan 7A and to the gas injector 9.
  • the control unit also is connected to the additional gas injectors 9A, the fluid pump 503 and the additional fluid pump 503A.
  • the control unit is configured for controlling and coordinating the fan 7, the gas injector 9 and the fluid pump 503 as well as the additional fan 7A, the additional gas injector 9A and the additional fluid pump 503A.
  • the illustrated heating apparatus 1 includes a fluid temperature sensor for measuring a temperature of the fluid (that preferably is air).
  • the fluid temperature sensor can be placed inside the recreational vehicle in which the heating apparatus is provided to measure the temperature of the fluid (air) inside the recreational vehicle.
  • the fluid temperature sensor can be placed outside the recreational vehicle to measure the temperature of the fluid (air) outside the recreational vehicle.
  • the fluid temperature sensor is connected to the control unit.
  • the heating apparatus includes an additional fluid temperature sensor for measuring a temperature of the additional fluid (that preferably is water).
  • the additional fluid temperature sensor is placed in a water tank containing the water that has to be fed to the heating apparatus.
  • the additional fluid's temperature sensor also is connected to the control unit.
  • the control unit is connected to the gas valve 13 and to the parallel gas valves 131 as well as to the additional gas valve.
  • the control unit is connected to the fan 7 and is configured to control the fan 7.
  • the control unit is programmed to control the fan 7 in dependence of at least one control parameter, wherein the control parameter is representative for a thermal power provided by the burner.
  • the control parameter may be set (directly or indirectly) by the user through an interface.
  • the control parameter also may be derived as a function of a target temperature (which can be set by the user through the interface) and of a measured parameter which may be representative for the temperature of the fluid (or additional fluid) to be heated (at input to the heater).
  • the burner preferably includes a plurality of burner modules (for example 2, 3, 4, or more); here assuming it includes N modules; the heater is configured to turn on a subset of the plurality of burner modules keeping the remaining ones off.
  • control parameter may be representative of a number (any natural number from 0 to N) corresponding to the number of burner modules to be set on, wherein the others are to be set off (or vice versa).
  • the same features may (or may not) be provided to the additional burner.
  • control unit further is programmed for receiving (from the fluid temperature sensor) the temperature of the fluid for comparing it with a target temperature of the fluid.
  • the target temperature of the fluid can be set by a user.
  • the control unit also is programmed for receiving (from the additional fluid temperature sensor) the temperature of the additional fluid for comparing it with the target temperature of the additional fluid.
  • the target temperature of the additional fluid can be set by a user.
  • the control unit is programmed for controlling the burner, switching on or off (selectively) one or more of the burner modules 3 if the temperature of the fluid is lower than the target temperature of the fluid.
  • the control unit is programmed for controlling the additional burner, switching on or off (selectively) one or more of the additional burner modules 3A if the temperature of the additional fluid is lower than the target temperature of the additional fluid.
  • the control unit is programmed for controlling the burner switching off one or more of the burner modules 3 if the temperature of the fluid is equal or higher than the target temperature of the fluid.
  • the control unit is programmed for controlling the additional burner, switching off one or more of the additional burner modules if the temperature of the additional fluid is equal to or higher than the target temperature of the additional fluid.
  • the heating apparatus includes a panel where the user can manually set the number of the burner modules 3 that he wants to switch on or off.
  • the heating apparatus includes a panel where the user can manually set the number of the additional burner modules 3A that he wants to switch on or off.
  • the number of burner modules 3 switched on (or off) provides a parameter representative for a thermal power provided by the burner.
  • the difference between the target temperature of the fluid (air) and the measured temperature of the fluid (air) provides another parameter representative for a thermal power provided by the burner.
  • the number of additional burner modules 31 switched on (or off) provides a parameter representative for a thermal power provided by the additional burner.
  • the difference between the target temperature of the additional fluid (water) and the measured temperature of the additional fluid (water) provides another parameter representative for a thermal power provided by the additional burner.
  • the control unit is configured to receive at least one parameter representative for the thermal power provided by the burner and one parameter representative for the thermal power provided by the additional burner.
  • the control unit is connected to the fan 7 and configured to control the fan 7 in dependence to the at least one parameter representative for a thermal power provided by the burner.
  • control unit is connected to the additional fan 7A and configured to control the additional fan 7A in dependence to the at least one parameter representative for a thermal power provided by the additional burner.
  • the control unit switches on the burner module 3 by opening the gas valve 13 and switches off the burner module 3 by closing the gas valve 3.
  • the control unit switches on the additional burner module 3A by opening the additional gas valve and switches off the additional burner module 3A by closing the additional gas valve.
  • the present invention covers a heat exchanger, a heating unit with such a heat exchanger, a heating apparatus with such a heat exchanger and/ or heating unit and a recreational vehicle comprising the heating apparatus 1 , one of the described heating units, the described heat exchanger and/ or the described heat exchanger.
  • the heating apparatus 1 can be fixable outside the recreational vehicle like for example on the roof of the recreational vehicle.
  • the burner (the burner module 3) is an atmospheric burner; this means that the burner, per se, does not require a pre-mixing unit, for providing the mixture of air and gas to be fed to the burner itself.
  • the burner (the burner module 3) is a "bladed” or “ramp-type” burner, which is a low-cost commercial component.
  • the gas injector 9 is positioned in the immediate vicinity of the inlet port 302 of the conduit (preferably less than 60 millimeters, more preferably less than 20 millimeters from the inlet of the conduit).
  • the conduit 301 ai the inlet port 302 thereof, preferably has a stretch oriented (extended) along a first axis.
  • the gas injector 9 is oriented along that first axis, substantially aligned with the stretch of the burner positioned proximate to the inlet port 302 of the conduit 301.
  • the nozzles (apertures 404) provided at the outlet port 303 of the conduit 301 are oriented in respective second axes.
  • the second axes of the nozzles are parallel to each other.
  • the second axes of the nozzles are transversal (perpendicular) to the first axis.
  • the second axes are oriented in a same plane which includes the first axis.
  • the primary air is necessary to have combustion in a flammability range, the secondary air is adduced to the flames to optimize the combustion efficiency, to reduce the harmful emissions and to control the temperature of the combustion chamber.
  • the fluid to be heated is breathable air.
  • breathable air it is intended the air that people in the recreational vehicle are going to breath.
  • the fluid to be heated is water.
  • water it is intended the water that people in the recreational vehicle are going to use for sanitary purposes, for cleaning or for cooking.
  • the suction of primary air preferably is naturally provided by the Venturi effect, while the aspiration of secondary air is forced by the fan. This combination of natural and forced aspiration improves the efficiency and the flexibility of the heating apparatus.
  • the feeding chamber has a section (size) which is significantly larger (for example at least 3 times, preferably at least 5 times, for example approximately ten times) than the section of the conduit inlet port (for primary air and gas).
  • the feeding direction is transversal to the first axis (along which the inlet of the conduit extends).
  • the number of the burner modules 3 is greater than the number of the additional burner 3A modules.
  • the number of burner modules 3 (dedicated to the heating of the air) is three and the number of additional burner modules 3A (dedicated to the heating of the water) is one.
  • This embodiment reflects the average request for warm air and warm water in a recreational vehicle.
  • the structure of the heating apparatus 1 with two distinct combustion chambers 2 and 2A and two distinct heat exchangers 6 respectively heat transfer units 6A, the one dedicated to the water, and the other dedicated to the air, gives to the apparatus a high flexibility and a good efficiency. Actually, it is possible to heat air but not water, and to heat water but not air.
  • the heating apparatus 1 is fixable on the roof of the recreational vehicle. This placement outside the recreational vehicle is possible because of the high efficiency of the apparatus 1 and because of the main horizontal size of the apparatus 1 , thanks to the fan configured for flowing secondary air along the horizontal direction. This placement outside the recreational vehicle allows to have more available place inside the recreational vehicle.
  • the heating apparatus 1 includes an automatic frost valve.
  • the automatic frost valve is connected to a water circuit, that also includes the additional duct.
  • the automatic frost valve is configured for automatically opening when the recreational vehicle is parked in response to a cold temperature detection, allowing the water to flow away. This feature avoids the freezing damaging the water circuit.
  • the automatic frost valve is configured for automatically setting back to close when the water circuit is empty. This feature avoids someone having to close the valve.
  • V vertical direction

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Abstract

The present invention refers to a heat exchanger (6) for exchanging heat between a heated gas and a fluid in particular a gas, wherein the heat exchanger (6) in particular is for a heating apparatus (1) for a recreational vehicle. The heat exchanger (6) comprises a gas conduit (60) configured to receive and to transfer the heated gas and a duct (5) configured to receive and to transfer the fluid to be heated. The gas conduit (60) has a gas inlet (603), a gas outlet (604) as well as a first heat exchange zone (601) surrounded by a corresponding gas pipe and a second heat exchange zone (602) surrounded by a corresponding chamber. The gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchange zone (601) is coupled to the gas inlet (603), the second heat exchange zone (602) is connected to the first heat exchange zone (601) and the gas outlet (604) is coupled to the chamber surrounding the second heat exchange zone (602). The gas conduit (60) is geometrically shaped in such a way that heated gas entering the gas conduit (60) at the gas inlet (603) at first has to flow through the first heat exchange zone (601) and then through the second heat exchange zone (602) before it can leave the gas conduit (60) through the gas outlet (604) The chamber surrounding the second heat exchange zone (602) and the gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchange zone (601) are provided within the duct (5) of the heat exchanger (6). The gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchange (zone 601) is arranged within the chamber surrounding the second heat exchange zone (602) and the gas (inlet 603) is provided with respect to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger (6) radially within the gas (outlet 604). Moreover, the present invention refers to a heating unit, a heating apparatus and a recreational vehicle provided with such a heat transfer unit.

Description

Heat exchanger, heating unit and heating apparatus
for recreational vehicles, and recreational vehicles
This invention relates to a heat exchanger and a heating unit as well as a heating apparatus with such a heat exchanger and recreational vehicles equipped with one of the above devices.
A heat exchanger for exchanging heat between a heated gas and a fluid in particular a gas, usually comprises a gas conduit configured to receive and to transfer the heated gas for example from a burner and a duct configured to receive and to transfer the fluid to be heated. The duct contacts the gas conduit such that heat exchange but no material exchange can occur between the heated gas within the gas conduit and the fluid within the duct through walls separating the corresponding areas.
Such heat exchangers commonly have a quite bad efficiency with regard to the heat exchange between the heated gas and the fluid to be heated, or have a big quite big extension to achieve an acceptable heat exchange.
Accordingly, the scope of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger having high efficiency with regard to the heat exchange between the heated gas and the fluid to be heated while being quite compact compared to known systems. Moreover, the scope of the present invention is to provide corresponding heating units, heating apparatus and recreational vehicles utilizing the concept developed from this task. These scopes are achieved by the heat exchanger according to claim 1 , a heating unit according to claim 5, a heating apparatus according to claim 8 as well as a recreational vehicle according to claim 10.
One aspect of the present invention refers to a heat exchanger for exchanging heat between a heated gas and a fluid in particular a gas. Such a heat exchanger in particular is provided for a heating apparatus for a recreational vehicle. According to the present invention, the heat exchanger comprises a gas conduit configured to receive and to transfer the heated gas and a duct configured to receive and to transfer the fluid to be heated. The gas conduit has a gas inlet, a gas outlet as well as a first heat exchange zone surrounded by a corresponding gas pipe and a second heat exchange zone surrounded by a corresponding chamber. The gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchange zone is coupled to the gas inlet, the second heat exchange zone is connected to the first heat exchange zone and the gas outlet is coupled to the chamber surrounding the second heat exchange zone. The gas conduit is geometrically shaped in such a way that heated gas entering the gas conduit at the gas inlet at first has to flow through the first heat exchange zone and then through the second heat exchange zone before it can leave the gas conduit through the gas outlet. The chamber surrounding the second heat exchange zone and the gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchange zone are provided within the duct of the heat exchanger. The gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchange zone is arranged within the chamber surrounding the second heat exchange zone and the gas inlet is provided with respect to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger radially within the gas outlet.
This concrete configuration results in a very compact but highly effective heat exchanger due to the fact that heat transferred within the second heat exchange zone from the heated gas provided therein to the fluid provided in the duct can be resupplied to the second heat exchange zone from the first heat exchange zone even before the heated gas has to flow form the first heat exchange zone to the second heat exchange zone. Thus, the length of the effective path on which heat is transferred from the heated gas to the gas within the duct is increased (nearly doubled) compared to known devices with the same length.
Preferably, the gas inlet, the gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchange zone, the chamber surrounding the second heat exchange zone and the gas outlet of the heat exchanger have a rectangular cross section seen along the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger.
This results in a highly functional shape of the device and thus a heat exchange which is easy to install in corresponding heating units, heating apparatus and/ or recreational vehicles.
Preferably, the gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchange zone has smooth walls, separating the first heat exchange zone from the second heat exchange zone in a radial direction seen along the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger, but allowing a heat exchange between gas within the first heat exchange zone and the second heat exchange zone.
This allows for a nearly unconstrained flow of the heated gas through the first heat exchange zone but still allows the desired heat exchange between the first heat exchange zone and the second heat exchange zone. Moreover, by the extension of the gas pipe along the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger, the length of the flow path of the heated gas within the first heat exchange zone and thus the amount of heat to be transferred to the second heat exchange zone is increased substantially with respect to other configurations.
Preferably, the chamber surrounding the second heat exchange zone has walls with a plurality of lamellas pointing towards the inner of the second heat exchange zone and/ or towards the area within the duct outside the chamber surrounding the second heat exchange zone, such that the second heat exchange zone is separated from the inner of the duct surrounding the gas conduit but a heat exchange between the heated gas within the second heat exchange zone and the gas within the inner of the duct surrounding the gas conduit can occur.
Such a heat exchanger has a highly increased efficiency with regard to a heat exchange between the heated gas within the second heat exchange zone and the gas within the inner of the duct due to the highly increased contact areas between the walls of the chamber surrounding the second heat exchange zone and the two gases. In addition thereto, by creating turbulences in the corresponding gas flows, the lamellas decrease the flow rate of the corresponding gases in the corresponding area and thus increase the period during which the gases are within the area provided for heat exchange between them. This results in a more comprehensive heat exchange between the gases.
Another aspect of the present invention refers to a heating unit for heating fluids and in particular gases, wherein the heating unit in particular is provided for a heating apparatus of a recreational vehicle. The heating unit according to the present invention comprises at least one of the above described heat exchangers and a burner coupled to the heat exchanger. The burner comprises at least one burner module and a combustion chamber with an igniter. The burner module has a conduit with an inlet port for receiving a mixture of primary air and combustible gas, and an outlet port leading to the combustion chamber. The outlet port in particular is a line of nozzles and the conduit in particular is geometrically configured to provide a suction of the mixture of primary air and combustible gas by Venturi effect. The combustion chamber is coupled to the gas inlet of the gas conduit of the heat exchanger. Alternatively, the combustion chamber of the burner is provided at least partially as section of the gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchange zone.
This concrete configuration allows transferring the advantageous effects of the above described heat exchanger to a heating unit. Providing the outlet port as a line of nozzles improves the distribution of the mixture of primary air and combustible gas within the combustion chamber and thus the completeness of the combustion. The utilization of the Venturi effect for supplying the mixture of primary air and combustible gas to the combustion chamber allows omitting further devices fulfilling this task. This results in reduced costs for the heating unit and a decreased susceptibility to errors. Providing the combustion chamber at least partially or even providing the whole burner within the gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchange zone allows saving installation space and thus reduces the overall size of the heating unit. In addition thereto, heat not only is transferred from the heated gas (the combustion gas) within the first heat exchange zone to the heated gas within the second heat exchange zone but also heat is transferred from the combustion flames to the walls of the gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchanging zone and thus to the gas within the second heat exchange zone by heat radiation. Preferably, the burner comprises a passage configured to guide a flow of secondary air into the combustion chamber. In particular a fan configured for forcing the flow of secondary air into the combustion chamber is provided within the passage.
This allows for providing more air to the combustion zone than can be achieved via the conduit. Moreover, when providing the fan, the amount of the further provided air can be controlled and if desired, air pressure can be applied to the heated gas within the combustion chamber and the gas conduit of the heat exchanger to increase the flow rate and to set the temperature of the heated gas by controlling the amount of secondary air. This results in further possibilities to operate the heating unit according to the user's requirements.
Preferably. The heating apparatus according to the present invention comprises at least one of the above described heating units or a heating unit having a first burner and at least one of the above described heat exchanger coupled thereto. The heating apparatus further has an inlet for supplying the first heating unit with air and an exhaust gas pipe for discharging exhaust gases form the heating apparatus.
This allows for transferring the advantageous effects of the above described heating units and/ or of the above described heat exchanger to a heating apparatus for recreational vehicles.
Preferably, the heating apparatus further comprises an additional heating unit having a burner and a heat transfer unit coupled to the additional burner. The additional heating unit is connected in parallel with the already provided heating unit to the inlet and the exhaust gas pipe of the heating apparatus.
This configuration allows improving the performance capability of the overall heating apparatus and to heat various fluids mostly independently from each other with only one compact heating apparatus. In particular, when one of the provided heating units is configured to heat gases and the other heating unit is provided for heating fluids, a very versatile heating apparatus is achieved.
Preferably, the two provided heating units of the heating apparatus are arranged side by side or one above the other within the heating apparatus.
Hence, a highly symmetrical and very space-saving overall shape of the provided heating apparatus is achieved.
A final aspect of the present invention refers to a recreational vehicle, wherein the recreational vehicle according to the present invention comprises at least one of the above described heating apparatus, at least one of the above described heating units and/ or at least one of the above described heat exchangers.
These and other features of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of a preferred, non-limiting example embodiment of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 illustrates a schematic functional scheme of an exemplary embodiment of the heating apparatus according to the present invention;
Fig. 2 illustrates a spatial view of an exemplary heating apparatus according to the embodiment of the of Fig. 1 ;
Figs. 3 to 6 illustrate various cross-sectional views of the heating apparatus of Fig. 2;
Fig. 7A and 7B illustrate spatial views of heating units of the heating apparatus of Figs. 2 to 6.
With reference to the accompanying drawings, the numeral 1 denotes a heating apparatus, according to the present invention.
According to one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, illustrated schematically in Fig. 1 and in spatial views in Figs. 2 to 7B, a heating apparatus 1 comprises a combustion unit with at least one burner and a combustion chamber 2. The burner has a burner module 3. The burner module 3 includes a conduit 301 with an inlet port 302 for receiving a mixture of primary air and combustibie gas. The conduit 301 further has an outlet port 303, opened to the combustion chamber 2 to generate a flame within the combustion chamber 2.
Here, the outlet port 303 of the conduit 301 is a line of nozzles 15 configured to generate the flame. The heating apparatus 1 also includes an igniter 304 (see Figs. 3 to 5 and 7A), which is positioned in the combustion chamber 2.
The conduit 301 is geometrically configured to provide a suction of the mixture of primary air and combustible gas by Venturi effect. In the illustrated configuration, the heating apparatus 1 further comprises a passage 4 (see Fig. 5) configured to provide a flow of secondary air into the combustion chamber 2. The heating apparatus 1 includes a duct 5, for conveying a fluid to be heated. The fluid to be heated can for example be a gas like breathable air.
The duct 5 has an inlet 501 and an outlet 502 (see Figs. 3 to 5). Here, the duct 5 includes a fluid pump 503. The fluid pump 503 is configured to force the fluid flowing through the duct 5.
Here, the fluid pump 503 is configured to aspire the air from the recreational vehicle within which the illustrated heating apparatus can be provided, and to force it into the duct 5 from the inlet 501 to the outlet 502. In an alternative embodiment, the fluid pump 503 is configured to aspire air from an external environment and to force it entering into the duct 5. The duct 5 includes a grid, positioned in front of the fluid pump 503 to avoid a pollution of the duct 5. In the illustrated configuration, the fluid pump 503 is an air pump. However, the fluid pump 503 also can be a liquid pump.
The inlet 501 of the duct 5 further includes a filter to avoid pollution of the system. When provided in a recreational vehicle, commonly the outlet 502 of the duct 5 is opened to the inner of the recreational vehicle.
The heating apparatus 1 includes a heat exchanger 6.
The heat exchanger 6 in the illustrated embodiment is configured for transferring heat from heated exhaust gases flowing from the combustion chamber 2 through a gas conduit 60 of the heat exchanger to the fluid flowing in the duct 5. As best may be seen in Fig. 5, the gas conduit 60 of the heat exchanger 6 has two heat exchange zones: a first heat exchange zone 601 surrounded by a corresponding gas pipe, configured for heat exchange between the heated exhaust gases, generated in the combustion zone 2, within the first heat exchange zone 601 and the heated exhaust gases within a second heat transfer zone 602, and the second heat exchange zone 602 surrounded by a corresponding chamber, configured for heat exchange between the heated exhaust gases and the fluid to be heated flowing through the duct 5. The combustion zone 2 can be provided at least partially as section of the first heat exchange zone 601 as it is the case in the illustrated embodiment. The gas conduit 60 has a rectangular cross-section seen along its longitudinal direction and further has a gas inlet 603 and a gas outlet 604. The gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchange zone 601 is coupled to the gas inlet 603, the second heat exchange zone 602 is connected to the first heat exchange zone 601 and the gas outlet 604 is coupled to the chamber surrounding the second heat exchange zone 602. The gas conduit 60 is geometrically shaped in such a way that heated exhaust gas entering the gas conduit 60 at the gas inlet 603 at first has to flow through the first heat exchange zone 601 and then through the second heat exchange zone 602 before it can leave the gas conduit 60 through the gas outlet 604. The chamber surrounding the second heat exchange zone 602 and the gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchange zone 601 are provided within the duct 5 of the heat exchanger 6.
According to the present invention, the gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchange zone 601 is arranged within the chamber surrounding the second heat exchange zone 602 and the gas inlet 603 is provided with respect to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger 6 radially within the gas outlet 604. This allows an improved heat exchange and a quite compact spatial structure of heat exchanger 6.
Here, the gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchange zone 601 has smooth walls, communicating with the second heat exchange zone 602. The second heat exchange zone 602 is conformed as a channellike chamber whose walls include a plurality of lamellas. As illustrated here, the walls preferably include some lamellas pointing into the second heat exchange zone and/ or some lamellas pointing into the duct surrounding the gas conduit 60. Both groups of lamellas are configured to optimize the heat exchange between the exhaust gases flowing through the second heat exchange zone and fluid in particular the breathable air, flowing through the duct 5.
Here, the heating apparatus 1 comprises a fan 7 configured for forcing the flow of secondary air through the passage 4.
In the illustrated embodiment, the heating apparatus 1 comprises a feeding chamber 8. The feeding chamber 8 is configured to receive air from the external environment. The fan 7 is provided within the passage 4 or like illustrated here at the inlet of the feeding chamber 8 to force air from the external environment into the feeding chamber.
The feeding chamber 8 is in fluid communication with the inlet 302 of the conduit 301 to provide said primary air. The feeding chamber 8 also or alternatively can be in fluid communication with the passage 4 to provide said secondary air.
The heating apparatus 1 comprises a wall 401 having a first face 402 and a second face 403, opposite to the first face 402. The first face 402 delimits the feeding chamber 8 and the second face 403 delimits the combustion chamber 2. The wall 401 has a plurality of apertures 404 defining the passage 4. In an embodiment, the size of said apertures 404 is optimized according to the desired flow of secondary air towards the combustion chamber 2.
The heating apparatus 1 further comprises a gas injector 9. The gas injector 9 is configured for injecting the combustible gas into the inlet 302 of the conduit 301. Here, the gas injector 9 is positioned inside the feeding chamber 8. The gas injector 9 is connected to a gas tank 901 configured to stock the combustible gas. In the illustrated embodiment, the gas tank 901 is positioned inside the feeding chamber 8.
The wall 401 is oriented in a vertical direction V, parallel to the weight force. The conduit 301 , at least in its end, is elongated in a horizontal direction H perpendicular to the weight force.
The fan 7 is configured for forcing the flow of secondary air into the combustion chamber 2 substantially along the horizontal direction H.
As illustrated, the burner can comprise one or more parallel burner modules 31 (see Fig. 7A). Each of the further parallel burner modules 31 comprises one parallel conduit 3 1. Each of the parallel conduits 31 1 has an inlet port 312, for receiving the mixture of primary air and combustible gas, and an outlet port 313, opened to the combustion chamber 2 to generate a flame in the combustion chamber 2. Here, each of the parallel conduits 301 and 311 is geometrically configured to provide a suction of the mixture of primary air and combustible gas by Venturi effect. The parallel burner modules 31 are arranged in parallel with said burner module 3. The feeding chamber 8 is in fluid communication with the inlet port 312 of the one or more parallel conduits 311. In the illustrated embodiment, the inlet ports 312 of the one or more parallel conduits 311 are positioned inside the feeding chamber 8.
The apparatus comprises a respective parallel gas injector 91 for each of the one or more parallel burner modules 31. The parallel gas injectors 91 are configured to inject the combustible gas into the inlet ports 312 of the one or more parallel conduits 31 .
Here, the parallel gas injectors 91 also are positioned inside the feeding chamber 8 and are connected to the gas tank 901.
The passage 4 is configured to provide the flow of secondary air into the combustion chamber 2 at the outlet of the one or more parallel conduits 311.
Preferably, the apparatus also includes a parallel igniter 314 for each parallel burner module 31.
Here, the flow of secondary air flows externally to the conduit 301 and to the one or more parallel conduits 311.
In the illustrated embodiment, the heating apparatus 1 comprises an additional burner 30 with an additional combustion chamber 2A. The additional burner 30 comprises at least one additional burner module 3A with an additional conduit 301A. The additional conduit 301A has an inlet port 302A, for receiving an additional mixture of primary air and additional combustible gas and an outlet port 303A, opened to the additional combustion chamber 2A and an igniter 304A to generate a flame in the additional combustion chamber 2A.
Here, the heating apparatus 1 also comprises an additional passage 4A. The additional passage 4A is configured to provide an additional flow of secondary into the additional combustion chamber 2A.
The heating apparatus 1 further comprises an additional wall 401 A having a first face 402A and a second face 403A, opposite to the first face 402A. The first face 402A of the additional wall 401A delimits the additional feeding chamber 8A and the second face 403A of the additional wall 401A delimits the additional combustion chamber 2A. The additional wall 401 A has a plurality of apertures 404A defining the additional passage 4A. The size of said apertures 404A in the additional wall 401A is optimized according to the desired additional flow of secondary air towards the additional combustion chamber 2A.
The heating apparatus 1 includes an additional duct 5A, for conveying an additional fluid to be heated. The additional fluid to be heated for example can be a liquid like water.
The additional duct 5A has an inlet 501 A, an outlet 502A and is at least partially configured as heat transfer tank 504A. Here, the heating apparatus 1 includes an additional fluid pump. The additional fluid pump is configured to force the additional fluid flowing through the additional duct 5A from the inlet 501A to the outlet 502A. In the illustrated embodiment, the additional pump is a liquid pump.
The heating apparatus 1 also includes a heat transfer unit 6A configured for transferring heat from exhaust gases flowing through a gas conduit 60A of the heat transfer unit 6A to the aduitional fluid flowing through the additional duct 5A.
The gas conduit 60A of the heat transfer unit 6A has a gas inlet 603A, a gas outlet 604A and two zones: A first heat transfer zone 601A is configured to transfer heat from the heated exhaust gases, generated in the additional combustion chamber 2A, and fluid within the additional duct 5A, here in form of a heat transfer tank 504A, in particular water within the heat transfer tank 504A of the additional duct 5A, being surrounded by a corresponding chamber. A second heat transfer zone 602A is also configured to transfer heat from the heated exhaust gases, generated in the additional combustion chamber 2A, and fluid, in particular water within the heat transfer tank 504A of the additional duct 5A, and being surrounded by a corresponding gas pipe. The additional combustion zone 2A at least partially can be provided as section of the first heat transfer zone 601 A. The chamber surrounding the first heat transfer zone 601 A is coupled to the gas inlet 603A, the gas pipe surrounding the second heat transfer zone 602A is coupled to the chamber surrounding the first heat transfer zone 601 A and the gas outlet 604A is coupled to the gas pipe surrounding the second heat transfer zone 602A.
The gas conduit 60A is geometrically shaped so that due to convection, heated gas entering the gas conduit 60A at the gas inlet 603A at first has to flow through the first heat transfer zone 601A and then through the second heat transfer zone 602A before it can leave the gas conduit 60A through the gas outlet 604A. The chamber surrounding the first heat transfer zone 601 A and the gas pipe surrounding the second heat transfer zone 602A are provided within the heat transfer tank 504A of the additional duct 5A.
The chamber surrounding the first heat transfer zone 601 A is provided as triangular chamber and the gas pipe surrounding the second heat transfer zone 602A is coupled to the triangular chamber surrounding the first heat transfer zone 601 A in the area of one of its corners.
Here, the heating apparatus 1 comprises an additional fan 7A configured for forcing the additional flow of secondary air through the additional passage 4.
In the illustrated embodiment, the heating apparatus 1 comprises an additional feeding chamber 8A configured to receive air from the external environment. The additional fan 7A is provided within the passage 4 or like illustrated here at the inlet of the additional feeding chamber 8A to force air from the external environment into the feeding chamber 2A.
The additional feeding chamber 8A is in fluid communication with the inlet 302A of the additional conduit 301A to provide said primary air. The additional feeding chamber 8A also or alternatively can be in fluid communication with the additional passage 4A to provide said aoditional flow of secondar y air.
The heating apparatus 1 further comprises an additional gas injector 9A. The additional gas injector 9A is configured for injecting the additional combustible gas into the inlet 302A of the additional conduit 301 A. Here, the additional gas injector 9A is positioned inside the additional feeding chamber 8A.
The additional gas injector 9A is connected with an additional gas tank 901A configured to stock the additional combustible gas. In the illustrated embodiment, the additional gas tank 901A is positioned inside the additional feeding chamber 8A.
In an embodiment, the additional wall 401A is oriented in the vertical direction V. The additional conduit 301A, at least in its end, is elongated in the horizontal direction H.
The additional fan 7A is configured for forcing the additional flow of secondary air into the additional combustion chamber 2A substantially along the horizontal direction H. The heating apparatus 1 also comprises at least one feeding mouth 10 being in communication with the external environment. The at least one feeding mouth 10 has a main inlet 101 opened to the external environment. The at least one feeding mouth 10 also has an outlet communicating with the feeding chamber 8 through the fan 7 and/or an additional outlet communicating with the additional feeding chamber 8A through the additional fan 7A.
The additional heating unit is provided horizontally side by side with regard to the first heating unit. Alternatively, also one heating unit could be provided above the other one to get a compact heating apparatus.
An electric board 12 is positioned inside the at least one feeding mouth 10. The heating apparatus 1 further includes an exhaust gases pipe 11.
The combustion chamber 8 and the additional combustion chamber 8A are in fluid communication with the exhaust gases pipe 1 1 via the corresponding combustion chambers 2 and 2A and the gas conduits 60 and 60A of the corresponding heat exchanger 6 respectively heat transfer unit 6A. The exhaust gases pipe 11 has an end opened to the external environment.
As illustrated, the exhaust gases pipe 11 is partially surrounded by the main inlet 101 of the at least one feeding mouth 10 such that the exhaust gases flowing through the exhaust gases pipe 11 release heat to the air entering into the at least one feeding mouth 0 to increase the overall efficiency of the heating apparatus 1.
The heating apparatus 1 further includes a gas valve 13 and a parallel gas valve 131 for each parallel burner 31. The gas valve 13 is connected to the gas injector 9 and the parallel gas valves 131 are connected to the parallel gas injectors 91.
The heating apparatus 1 includes an additional gas valve connected to the additional gas injectors 9A.
The heating apparatus 1 comprises a single control unit connected to the fan 7. The control unit further is connected to the additional fan 7A and to the gas injector 9. The control unit also is connected to the additional gas injectors 9A, the fluid pump 503 and the additional fluid pump 503A. The control unit is configured for controlling and coordinating the fan 7, the gas injector 9 and the fluid pump 503 as well as the additional fan 7A, the additional gas injector 9A and the additional fluid pump 503A.
The illustrated heating apparatus 1 includes a fluid temperature sensor for measuring a temperature of the fluid (that preferably is air). The fluid temperature sensor can be placed inside the recreational vehicle in which the heating apparatus is provided to measure the temperature of the fluid (air) inside the recreational vehicle. Alternatively, the fluid temperature sensor can be placed outside the recreational vehicle to measure the temperature of the fluid (air) outside the recreational vehicle. The fluid temperature sensor is connected to the control unit.
Here, the heating apparatus includes an additional fluid temperature sensor for measuring a temperature of the additional fluid (that preferably is water). The additional fluid temperature sensor is placed in a water tank containing the water that has to be fed to the heating apparatus. The additional fluid's temperature sensor also is connected to the control unit.
The control unit is connected to the gas valve 13 and to the parallel gas valves 131 as well as to the additional gas valve.
The control unit is connected to the fan 7 and is configured to control the fan 7. Here, the control unit is programmed to control the fan 7 in dependence of at least one control parameter, wherein the control parameter is representative for a thermal power provided by the burner. The control parameter may be set (directly or indirectly) by the user through an interface. The control parameter also may be derived as a function of a target temperature (which can be set by the user through the interface) and of a measured parameter which may be representative for the temperature of the fluid (or additional fluid) to be heated (at input to the heater). As illustrated, the burner preferably includes a plurality of burner modules (for example 2, 3, 4, or more); here assuming it includes N modules; the heater is configured to turn on a subset of the plurality of burner modules keeping the remaining ones off. In this case, the control parameter may be representative of a number (any natural number from 0 to N) corresponding to the number of burner modules to be set on, wherein the others are to be set off (or vice versa). The same features may (or may not) be provided to the additional burner.
In the illustrated embodiment, the control unit further is programmed for receiving (from the fluid temperature sensor) the temperature of the fluid for comparing it with a target temperature of the fluid. The target temperature of the fluid can be set by a user. The control unit also is programmed for receiving (from the additional fluid temperature sensor) the temperature of the additional fluid for comparing it with the target temperature of the additional fluid. The target temperature of the additional fluid can be set by a user. The control unit is programmed for controlling the burner, switching on or off (selectively) one or more of the burner modules 3 if the temperature of the fluid is lower than the target temperature of the fluid. The control unit is programmed for controlling the additional burner, switching on or off (selectively) one or more of the additional burner modules 3A if the temperature of the additional fluid is lower than the target temperature of the additional fluid.
The control unit is programmed for controlling the burner switching off one or more of the burner modules 3 if the temperature of the fluid is equal or higher than the target temperature of the fluid. In an embodiment, the control unit is programmed for controlling the additional burner, switching off one or more of the additional burner modules if the temperature of the additional fluid is equal to or higher than the target temperature of the additional fluid.
The heating apparatus includes a panel where the user can manually set the number of the burner modules 3 that he wants to switch on or off. In addition thereto, the heating apparatus includes a panel where the user can manually set the number of the additional burner modules 3A that he wants to switch on or off.
The number of burner modules 3 switched on (or off) provides a parameter representative for a thermal power provided by the burner. The difference between the target temperature of the fluid (air) and the measured temperature of the fluid (air) provides another parameter representative for a thermal power provided by the burner.
The number of additional burner modules 31 switched on (or off) provides a parameter representative for a thermal power provided by the additional burner. The difference between the target temperature of the additional fluid (water) and the measured temperature of the additional fluid (water) provides another parameter representative for a thermal power provided by the additional burner.
The control unit is configured to receive at least one parameter representative for the thermal power provided by the burner and one parameter representative for the thermal power provided by the additional burner.
The control unit is connected to the fan 7 and configured to control the fan 7 in dependence to the at least one parameter representative for a thermal power provided by the burner.
Moreover, the control unit is connected to the additional fan 7A and configured to control the additional fan 7A in dependence to the at least one parameter representative for a thermal power provided by the additional burner. The control unit switches on the burner module 3 by opening the gas valve 13 and switches off the burner module 3 by closing the gas valve 3. The control unit switches on the additional burner module 3A by opening the additional gas valve and switches off the additional burner module 3A by closing the additional gas valve.
The present invention covers a heat exchanger, a heating unit with such a heat exchanger, a heating apparatus with such a heat exchanger and/ or heating unit and a recreational vehicle comprising the heating apparatus 1 , one of the described heating units, the described heat exchanger and/ or the described heat exchanger.
The heating apparatus 1 can be fixable outside the recreational vehicle like for example on the roof of the recreational vehicle.
Some further preferable features and some clarifications are given in the following.
Preferably, the burner (the burner module 3) is an atmospheric burner; this means that the burner, per se, does not require a pre-mixing unit, for providing the mixture of air and gas to be fed to the burner itself. Preferably, the burner (the burner module 3) is a "bladed" or "ramp-type" burner, which is a low-cost commercial component.
Preferably, the gas injector 9 is positioned in the immediate vicinity of the inlet port 302 of the conduit (preferably less than 60 millimeters, more preferably less than 20 millimeters from the inlet of the conduit). The conduit 301 , ai the inlet port 302 thereof, preferably has a stretch oriented (extended) along a first axis. In an embodiment, the gas injector 9 is oriented along that first axis, substantially aligned with the stretch of the burner positioned proximate to the inlet port 302 of the conduit 301.
At the inlet port 302 of the conduit 301 , (primary) air is sucked naturally, together with the gas provided by the injector 9; hence, the mixture of air and gas is provided naturally at the inlet port 302 of the conduit 301 , by Venturi effect.
Preferably, the nozzles (apertures 404) provided at the outlet port 303 of the conduit 301 are oriented in respective second axes. In an embodiment, the second axes of the nozzles are parallel to each other. In another embodiment, the second axes of the nozzles are transversal (perpendicular) to the first axis. In one embodiment, the second axes are oriented in a same plane which includes the first axis. The primary air is necessary to have combustion in a flammability range, the secondary air is adduced to the flames to optimize the combustion efficiency, to reduce the harmful emissions and to control the temperature of the combustion chamber.
Preferably, the fluid to be heated is breathable air. For breathable air, it is intended the air that people in the recreational vehicle are going to breath. Moreover, the fluid to be heated is water. For water, it is intended the water that people in the recreational vehicle are going to use for sanitary purposes, for cleaning or for cooking.
The suction of primary air preferably is naturally provided by the Venturi effect, while the aspiration of secondary air is forced by the fan. This combination of natural and forced aspiration improves the efficiency and the flexibility of the heating apparatus.
Preferably, transversally to the feeding direction, the feeding chamber has a section (size) which is significantly larger (for example at least 3 times, preferably at least 5 times, for example approximately ten times) than the section of the conduit inlet port (for primary air and gas). In one preferably embodiment, the feeding direction is transversal to the first axis (along which the inlet of the conduit extends).
Preferably, the number of the burner modules 3 is greater than the number of the additional burner 3A modules.
In a preferred embodiment, in which the fluid is breathable air and the additional fluid is water, the number of burner modules 3 (dedicated to the heating of the air) is three and the number of additional burner modules 3A (dedicated to the heating of the water) is one. This embodiment reflects the average request for warm air and warm water in a recreational vehicle.
The structure of the heating apparatus 1 , with two distinct combustion chambers 2 and 2A and two distinct heat exchangers 6 respectively heat transfer units 6A, the one dedicated to the water, and the other dedicated to the air, gives to the apparatus a high flexibility and a good efficiency. Actually, it is possible to heat air but not water, and to heat water but not air.
Preferably, the heating apparatus 1 is fixable on the roof of the recreational vehicle. This placement outside the recreational vehicle is possible because of the high efficiency of the apparatus 1 and because of the main horizontal size of the apparatus 1 , thanks to the fan configured for flowing secondary air along the horizontal direction. This placement outside the recreational vehicle allows to have more available place inside the recreational vehicle. Preferably, the heating apparatus 1 includes an automatic frost valve. The automatic frost valve is connected to a water circuit, that also includes the additional duct. The automatic frost valve is configured for automatically opening when the recreational vehicle is parked in response to a cold temperature detection, allowing the water to flow away. This feature avoids the freezing damaging the water circuit.
The automatic frost valve is configured for automatically setting back to close when the water circuit is empty. This feature avoids someone having to close the valve.
LIST OF REFERENCE SIGNS : heating apparatus
: combustion chamber
A: additional combustion chamber
: burner module
01 : conduit
02: inlet port
03: outlet port
04: igniter
1 : parallel bumer module
11 : parallel conduit
12: inlet port
13: outlet port
14: igniter
A: additional burner module
01A: additional conduit
02A: inlet port
03A: outlet port
04A: igniter
: passage
01 : wall
02: first face
03: second face
04: aperture
A: additional passage
01 A: additional wall
02A: first face
03A: second face
: duct
01 : inlet
02: outlet
03: fluid pump
A: additional duct
01 A: inlet
02A: outlet
03A: additional fluid pump 504A: heat transfer tank
6: heat exchanger
60: gas conduit
601 : first heat exchange zone
602: second heat exchange zone
603: gas inlet
604: gas outlet
6A: heat transfer zone
60A: gas conduit
601A: first heat exchange zone
602A: second heat exchange zone
603A: gas inlet
604A: gas outlet
7: fan
7A: additional fan
8: feeding chamber
8A: additional feeding chamber
9: gas injector
901 : gas tank
9A: additional gas injector
901A: additional gas tank
91 : parallel gas injector
10: feeding mouth
1 1. exhaust gases pipe
101 : main inlet
12: electric board
13: gas valve
131 : parallel gas valve
H: horizontal direction
V: vertical direction

Claims

Heat exchanger (6) for a recreational vehicle for exchanging heat between a heated gas and a fluid, in particular a gas, comprising:
a gas conduit (60) configured to receive and to transfer the heated gas; and
a duct (5) configured to receive and to transfer the fluid to be heated,
characterized in that
wherein the gas conduit (60) has a gas inlet (603), a gas outlet (604) as well as a first heat exchange zone (601 ) surrounded by a corresponding gas pipe and a second heat exchange zone (602) surrounded by a corresponding chamber, wherein the gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchange zone (601 ) is coupled to the gas inlet (603), the second heat exchange zone (602) is connected to the first heat exchange zone (601 ) and the gas outlet (604) is coupled to the chamber surrounding the second heat exchange zone (602), wherein the gas conduit (60) is geometrically shaped so that heated gas entering the gas conduit (60) at the gas inlet (603) at first has to flow through the first heat exchange zone (601 ) and then through the second heat exchange zone (602) before it leaves the gas conduit (60) through the gas outlet (604),
wherein the chamber surrounding the second heat exchange zone (602) and the gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchange zone (601 ) are provided within the duct (5) of the heat exchanger (6),
the gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchange zone (601 ) is arranged within the chamber surrounding the second heat exchange zone (602) and the gas inlet (603) is provided with respect to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger (6) radially within the gas outlet (604).
Heat exchanger (6) according to claim 1 ,
wherein the gas inlet (603), the gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchange zone (601 ), the chamber surrounding the second heat exchange zone (602) and the gas outlet (604) of the heat exchanger (6) have a rectangular cross section seen along the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger.
Heat exchanger (6) according to any one of the preceding claims,
wherein the gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchange zone (601) has smooth walls, separating the first heat exchange zone (601 ) from the second heat exchange zone (602) in a radial direction seen along the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger (6), but allowing a heat exchange between gas within the first heat exchange zone (601 ) and the gas within the second heat exchange zone (602).
Heat exchanger (6) according to any one of the preceding claims,
wherein the chamber surrounding the second heat exchange zone (602) has walls with a plurality of lamellas pointing towards the inner of the second heat exchange zone (602) and/ or towards the area within the duct (5) outside the chamber surrounding the second heat exchange zone (602), such that the second heat exchange zone (602) is separated from the inner of the duct
(5) surrounding the gas conduit (60) but a heat exchange between the gas within the second heat exchange zone (602) and the gas within the inner of the duct surrounding the gas conduit (60) can occur.
Heating unit for a heating apparatus (1) of a recreational vehicle for heating fluids and in particular gases, comprising:
a heat exchanger (6) according to any one of the preceding claims; and
a burner coupled to the heat exchanger (6),
wherein the burner has at least one burner module (3) and a combustion chamber (2) with an igniter (304),
wherein the burner module (3) has a conduit (301 ) with an inlet port (302) for receiving a mixture of primary air and combustible gas, and an outlet port (303) leading to the combustion chamber (2), wherein the outlet port (303) in particular is a line of nozzles and the conduit (301) in particular is geometrically configured to provide a suction of the mixture of primary air and combustible gas by Venturi effect,
wherein the combustion chamber (2) is coupled to the gas inlet of the gas conduit (60) of the heat exchanger
(6) or wherein the combustion chamber (2) of the burner is provided at least partially as section of the gas pipe surrounding the first heat exchange zone (601).
Heating unit according to claim 5,
wherein the burner comprises a passage (4) configured to guide a flow of secondary air into the combustion chamber (2),
wherein in particular a fan
(7) configured for forcing the flow of secondary air into the combustion chamber (2) is provided within the passage (4).
Heating apparatus (1 ) for a recreational vehicle, comprising:
a first heating unit according to any one of claims 5 or 6, or
a first heating unit having a first burner and a thereto coupled heat exchanger (6) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 4;
a main inlet (101 ) for supplying the first heating unit with air; and
an exhaust gasses pipe (11) for discharging exhaust gases form the heating apparatus (1 ).
8. Heating apparatus (1 ) according to claim 7, further comprising:
an additional heating unit having a burner and a heat transfer unit (6A) coupled to the additional burner,
wherein the additional heating unit is connected in parallel with the first heating unit to the main inlet (101 ) and the exhaust gasses pipe (11 ) of the heating apparatus (1).
9. Heating apparatus (1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims 7 and 8,
wherein the first heating unit and the second heating unit are arranged side by side or one above the other within the heating apparatus (1 ).
10. Recreational vehicle comprising
a heating apparatus (1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims 7 to 9,
a heating unit according to any one of the preceding claims 5 and 6, and/ or
a heat exchanger (6) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 4.
PCT/EP2018/071298 2017-08-04 2018-08-06 Heat exchanger, heating unit and heating apparatus for recreational vehicles, and recreational vehicles WO2019025635A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE212018000249.5U DE212018000249U1 (en) 2017-08-04 2018-08-06 Heat exchanger, heating unit and heating device for recreational vehicles and recreational vehicles

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

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IT102017000090907 2017-08-04
IT102017000090907A IT201700090907A1 (en) 2017-08-04 2017-08-04 HEATING SYSTEM FOR A RECREATIONAL VEHICLE
IT102017000090904 2017-08-04
IT102017000090904A IT201700090904A1 (en) 2017-08-04 2017-08-04 HEATING SYSTEM FOR A RECREATIONAL VEHICLE

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019025635A1 true WO2019025635A1 (en) 2019-02-07

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PCT/EP2018/071291 WO2019025633A1 (en) 2017-08-04 2018-08-06 Heating apparatus for a recreational vehicle and method for heating a fluid in a recreational vehicle
PCT/EP2018/071300 WO2019025636A1 (en) 2017-08-04 2018-08-06 Heat transfer unit, heating unit and heating apparatus for recreational vehicles, and recreational vehicles
PCT/EP2018/071295 WO2019025634A1 (en) 2017-08-04 2018-08-06 Heating apparatus and method for heating air and water in a recreational vehicle and recreational vehicle
PCT/EP2018/071298 WO2019025635A1 (en) 2017-08-04 2018-08-06 Heat exchanger, heating unit and heating apparatus for recreational vehicles, and recreational vehicles

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PCT/EP2018/071291 WO2019025633A1 (en) 2017-08-04 2018-08-06 Heating apparatus for a recreational vehicle and method for heating a fluid in a recreational vehicle
PCT/EP2018/071300 WO2019025636A1 (en) 2017-08-04 2018-08-06 Heat transfer unit, heating unit and heating apparatus for recreational vehicles, and recreational vehicles
PCT/EP2018/071295 WO2019025634A1 (en) 2017-08-04 2018-08-06 Heating apparatus and method for heating air and water in a recreational vehicle and recreational vehicle

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DE212018000248U1 (en) 2020-02-06
DE212018000249U1 (en) 2020-02-06
CN213237518U (en) 2021-05-18
WO2019025636A1 (en) 2019-02-07
WO2019025633A1 (en) 2019-02-07
CN213237945U (en) 2021-05-18
DE112018003288T5 (en) 2020-04-09
WO2019025634A1 (en) 2019-02-07

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