WO2019019200A1 - 数据传输方法和装置 - Google Patents

数据传输方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019019200A1
WO2019019200A1 PCT/CN2017/095072 CN2017095072W WO2019019200A1 WO 2019019200 A1 WO2019019200 A1 WO 2019019200A1 CN 2017095072 W CN2017095072 W CN 2017095072W WO 2019019200 A1 WO2019019200 A1 WO 2019019200A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
indication field
type indication
uplink
mode
uplink information
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/095072
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵越
南方
余政
程型清
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to KR1020207005063A priority Critical patent/KR102315178B1/ko
Priority to CN201780093229.6A priority patent/CN110945951B/zh
Priority to BR112020001524-5A priority patent/BR112020001524A2/pt
Priority to EP17919059.0A priority patent/EP3657891A4/en
Priority to PCT/CN2017/095072 priority patent/WO2019019200A1/zh
Priority to JP2020504107A priority patent/JP7015905B2/ja
Publication of WO2019019200A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019019200A1/zh
Priority to US16/773,613 priority patent/US11202323B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
    • H04W72/1263—Mapping of traffic onto schedule, e.g. scheduled allocation or multiplexing of flows
    • H04W72/1268—Mapping of traffic onto schedule, e.g. scheduled allocation or multiplexing of flows of uplink data flows
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W80/00—Wireless network protocols or protocol adaptations to wireless operation
    • H04W80/02—Data link layer protocols

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of information processing technologies, and in particular, to a data transmission method and apparatus.
  • the random access procedure generally includes the following steps: 1.
  • the terminal selects a random access preamble preamble and a physical random access channel (PRACH) resource, and uses the PRACH resource to send the selected random access to the base station.
  • PRACH physical random access channel
  • Preamble 2
  • the base station receives the preamble, calculates the timing advance TA, and sends a random access response to the terminal, where the random access response includes at least the timing advance information and the uplink grant (UL grant);
  • the uplink message 3 (Msg3) is sent on the designated UL grant.
  • the UE determines whether the random access is successful according to the message 4 (Msg4). If the random access is successful, the terminal and the base station will transmit data.
  • Msg4 message 4
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission method and apparatus for reducing data transmission delay in a data communication process.
  • the first aspect of the present application provides a data transmission method, including:
  • the base station sends a media access control MAC packet data unit PDU to the terminal according to the random access preamble sequence; the MAC PDU includes a type indication field, where the type indication field is used to indicate that the terminal is in the first The way in which data is transmitted in the upstream information.
  • the terminal needs to send a random access preamble sequence to the base station, and the base station returns a random access response (RAR) to the terminal according to the received random access preamble sequence.
  • RAR random access response
  • the base station receives the random access preamble sequence sent by multiple terminals at the same time, the MAC PDU is returned to the terminal to simultaneously respond to the random access preamble sequence sent by the multiple terminals, where each random connection
  • the response to the preamble sequence corresponds to one of the MAC RARs in the MAC PDU.
  • the MAC PDU will carry a type indication field to indicate the manner in which the terminal transmits data in the first uplink information.
  • the type indication field indicates the manner in which the terminal transmits data in the first uplink information in the random access procedure, or may indicate a transport block larger than the existing transport block size, or the granularity of resource allocation is
  • the type indication field is located in a MAC random access response (RAR) of the MAC PDU.
  • RAR MAC random access response
  • the type indication field is located in a MAC header of the MAC PDU.
  • the type indication field includes one bit, and the type indication field includes a bit that is the first bit in the MAC RAR; or
  • the type indication field contains a bit that is at least one of the first, 28, 29, 30, 31 or 32 bits in the MAC RAR.
  • the MAC RAR includes a reserved bit, and the reserved bit in the MAC RAR may be used as a type indication field to indicate that the terminal transmits data in the first uplink information, so that the MAC PDU overhead is not increased.
  • the purpose of indicating the terminal is achieved, thereby reducing the signaling overhead of the network.
  • one MAC RAR in the MAC PDU corresponds to one subhead in the MAC header of the MAC PDU, and the subheader includes 8 bits, and the subheader is the mth in the MAC header.
  • a sub-header, m is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; the first bit in the sub-header is an extension field, and the second bit in the sub-header is the type indication field, the Three bits to eight bits are used to indicate a random access preamble identifier.
  • the MAC header of the MAC PDU includes L first subheaders, and each of the first subheads includes n the type indication fields, where each type indication field corresponds to the MAC PDU.
  • a MAC RAR where n is a positive integer and L is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the L first subheads are the last L subheaders in the MAC header, and the first subheads in the MAC header are not included in the L first subheads;
  • the L first subheaders are the first L subheaders of the MAC header except the first subheader.
  • each of the first subheads includes 8 bits, and a first bit of each of the first subheads is an extension field, and a second bit is a type field; The third to eighth bits in the first subhead are indicated as being configured as the type indication field;
  • the type field of the subheader is set to 0, and each of the third bit to the eighth bit of the subheader respectively corresponds to a type indication field.
  • the xth type indication field in the first subheader corresponds to an xth MAC RAR in the MAC PDU, where x is a positive integer.
  • the manner in which the terminal transmits data in the first uplink information is indicated by the field of the first sub-header in the MAC header, so that the manner of indicating the terminal is simpler.
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data in the first manner in the first uplink information, where the first mode is the first uplink authorization;
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the second manner in the first uplink information, and the second mode is the second uplink authorization, where the first uplink authorization
  • the number of bits included is the same as the number of bits included in the second uplink grant;
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the third manner in the first uplink information, where the third mode is a third uplink authorization; when the type indication field is When the value is 0, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the fourth manner in the first uplink information.
  • the fourth mode is a fourth uplink grant, where the third uplink grant includes the same number of bits as the fourth uplink grant; or
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the fifth manner in the first uplink information, where the fifth mode is the second uplink authorization; when the type indication field is When the value is 0, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the sixth manner in the first uplink information, where the sixth mode is the fourth uplink authorization, where the second uplink authorization includes the number of bits. The number of bits included in the fourth uplink grant is the same;
  • the first uplink grant indicates that the terminal determines the transport block size of the first uplink information transmission according to the first query manner; the second uplink grant indicates that the terminal determines the first uplink information transmission according to the second query manner.
  • the third uplink grant indicates that the terminal allocates resources in units of physical resource blocks, and the resources allocated by the third uplink grant are greater than or equal to one physical resource block; The allocated resource is smaller than one physical resource block; wherein the maximum transport block size TBS determined according to the first query manner is smaller than the maximum TBS determined according to the second query manner.
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the seventh manner in the first uplink information, where the seventh mode is the first uplink authorization;
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the eighth manner in the first uplink information, and the eighth mode is the second uplink authorization, where the first uplink authorization
  • the number of bits included is the same as the number of bits included in the second uplink grant;
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the ninth manner in the first uplink information, where the ninth mode is a third uplink authorization; when the type indication field is If the value is 1, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the tenth mode in the first uplink information, where the tenth mode is the fourth uplink authorization, where the third uplink authorization includes the number of bits. The same number of bits as the fourth uplink grant; or
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the eleventh manner in the first uplink information, where the eleventh mode is the second uplink authorization;
  • the indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the twelfth manner in the first uplink information, where the twelfth mode is a fourth uplink authorization, where the second uplink authorization
  • the number of bits included is the same as the number of bits included in the fourth uplink grant;
  • the first uplink grant indicates that the terminal determines the transport block size of the first uplink information transmission according to the first query manner; the second uplink grant indicates that the terminal determines the first uplink information transmission according to the second query manner.
  • the third uplink grant indicates that the terminal allocates resources in units of physical resource blocks, and the resources allocated by the third uplink grant are greater than or equal to one physical resource block; The allocated resource is smaller than one physical resource block; wherein the maximum transport block size TBS determined according to the first query manner is smaller than the maximum TBS determined according to the second query manner.
  • the terminal transmits data according to the thirteenth mode or the fourteenth mode in the first uplink information, where the thirteenth mode is a first uplink authorization, the fourteenth manner is a second uplink authorization; and/or,
  • the terminal transmits data according to the fifteenth mode or the sixteenth mode in the first uplink information, where the fifteenth mode is the third uplink authorization.
  • said The sixteenth method is the fourth uplink authorization
  • the first mode is one or more of coverage enhancement level 0, coverage enhancement level 1, and coverage enhancement mode A
  • the second mode is coverage enhancement level 2, coverage enhancement level 3, and coverage enhancement mode B. One or more of them.
  • the first uplink information is uplink information associated with one MAC RAR in the MAC PDU;
  • the first uplink information is carried by the physical uplink shared channel, and the first uplink information is the first uplink information after the MAC RAR; or
  • the first uplink information is message 3 in a random access procedure
  • the first uplink information is uplink information between the message 3 in the random access procedure and the contention resolution message in the random access procedure;
  • the first uplink information is uplink information between a random access response message and a contention resolution message in a random access procedure.
  • the second aspect of the present application provides a data transmission method, including:
  • the terminal sends a random access preamble sequence to the base station
  • the MAC PDU includes a type indication field, where the type indication field is used to indicate a manner in which the terminal transmits data in the first uplink information.
  • the terminal needs to send a random access preamble sequence to the base station, and the base station returns a random access response (RAR) to the terminal according to the received random access preamble sequence.
  • RAR random access response
  • the base station receives the random access preamble sequence sent by multiple terminals at the same time, the MAC PDU is returned to the terminal to simultaneously respond to the random access preamble sequence sent by the multiple terminals, where each random connection
  • the response to the preamble sequence corresponds to one of the MAC RARs in the MAC PDU.
  • the MAC PDU will carry a type indication field to indicate the manner in which the terminal transmits data in the first uplink information.
  • the type indication field indicates the manner in which the terminal transmits data in the first uplink information in the random access procedure, or may indicate a transport block larger than the existing transport block size, or the granularity of resource allocation is
  • the technology is small and medium, which makes the resource allocation more flexible, so that the user data delay sent in the random access process is reduced, the data block is larger, and the resource allocation is more flexible.
  • the type indication field is located in a MAC random access response (RAR) of the MAC PDU.
  • RAR MAC random access response
  • the type indication field is located in a MAC header of the MAC PDU.
  • the type indication field includes one bit, and the type indication field includes a bit that is the first bit in the MAC RAR; or
  • the type indication field contains a bit that is at least one of the first, 28, 29, 30, 31 or 32 bits in the MAC RAR.
  • the MAC RAR includes a reserved bit, and the reserved bit in the MAC RAR may be used as a type indication field to indicate a manner in which the terminal can transmit data in the first uplink information, so that the MAC PDU overhead is not increased.
  • the purpose of indicating the terminal is achieved, thereby reducing the signaling overhead of the network.
  • one MAC RAR in the MAC PDU corresponds to one subhead in the MAC header of the MAC PDU, and the subheader includes 8 bits, and the subheader is the mth in the MAC header.
  • a sub-header, m is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; the first bit in the sub-header is an extension field, and the second bit in the sub-header is the type indication field, the Three bits to eight bits are used to indicate a random access preamble identifier.
  • the MAC header of the MAC PDU includes L first subheaders, and each of the first subheads includes n the type indication fields, where each type indication field corresponds to the MAC PDU.
  • a MAC RAR where n is a positive integer and L is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the L first subheads are the last L subheaders in the MAC header, and the first subheads in the MAC header are not included in the L first subheads;
  • the L first subheaders are the first L subheaders of the MAC header except the first subheader.
  • each of the first subheads includes 8 bits, and a first bit of each of the first subheads is an extension field, and a second bit is a type field; The third to eighth bits in the first subhead are indicated as being configured as the type indication field;
  • the type field of the subheader is set to 0, and each of the third bit to the eighth bit of the subheader respectively corresponds to a type indication field.
  • the xth type indication field in the first subheader corresponds to an xth MAC RAR in the MAC PDU, where x is a positive integer.
  • the manner in which the terminal transmits data in the first uplink information is indicated by the field of the first sub-header in the MAC header, so that the manner of indicating the terminal is simpler.
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data in the first manner in the first uplink information, where the first mode is the first uplink authorization;
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the second manner in the first uplink information, and the second mode is the second uplink authorization, where the first uplink authorization
  • the number of bits included is the same as the number of bits included in the second uplink grant;
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the third manner in the first uplink information, where the third mode is a third uplink authorization; when the type indication field is When the value is 0, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the fourth manner in the first uplink information, where the fourth mode is the fourth uplink authorization, where the third uplink authorization includes the number of bits. The same number of bits as the fourth uplink grant; or
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the fifth manner in the first uplink information, where the fifth mode is the second uplink authorization; when the type indication field is When the value is 0, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the sixth manner in the first uplink information, where the sixth mode is the fourth uplink authorization, where the second uplink authorization includes the number of bits. The number of bits included in the fourth uplink grant is the same;
  • the first uplink grant indicates that the terminal determines the transport block size of the first uplink information transmission according to the first query manner; the second uplink grant indicates that the terminal determines the first uplink information transmission according to the second query manner.
  • the third uplink grant indicates that the terminal allocates resources in units of physical resource blocks, and the resources allocated by the third uplink grant are greater than or equal to one physical resource block; The resource allocated by the authorization is smaller than one physical resource block; wherein the maximum transport block size TBS determined according to the first query manner is smaller than the maximum TBS determined according to the second query manner.
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the seventh manner in the first uplink information, where the seventh mode is the first uplink authorization;
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the eighth manner in the first uplink information, and the eighth mode is the second uplink authorization, where the first uplink authorization
  • the number of bits included is the same as the number of bits included in the second uplink grant;
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the ninth manner in the first uplink information, where the ninth mode is a third uplink authorization; when the type indication field is If the value is 1, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the tenth mode in the first uplink information, where the tenth mode is the fourth uplink authorization, where the third uplink authorization includes the number of bits. The same number of bits as the fourth uplink grant; or
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the eleventh manner in the first uplink information, where the eleventh mode is the second uplink authorization;
  • the indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the twelfth manner in the first uplink information, where the twelfth mode is a fourth uplink authorization, where the second uplink authorization
  • the number of bits included is the same as the number of bits included in the fourth uplink grant;
  • the first uplink grant indicates that the terminal determines the transport block size of the first uplink information transmission according to the first query manner; the second uplink grant indicates that the terminal determines the first uplink information transmission according to the second query manner.
  • the third uplink grant indicates that the terminal allocates resources in units of physical resource blocks, and the resources allocated by the third uplink grant are greater than or equal to one physical resource block; The allocated resource is smaller than one physical resource block; wherein the maximum transport block size TBS determined according to the first query manner is smaller than the maximum TBS determined according to the second query manner.
  • the terminal transmits data according to the thirteenth mode or the fourteenth mode in the first uplink information, where the thirteenth mode is a first uplink authorization, the fourteenth manner is a second uplink authorization; and/or,
  • the terminal transmits data according to the fifteenth mode or the sixteenth mode in the first uplink information, where the fifteenth mode is the third uplink authorization.
  • the sixteenth mode is a fourth uplink authorization
  • the first mode is one or more of coverage enhancement level 0, coverage enhancement level 1, and coverage enhancement mode A
  • the second mode is coverage enhancement level 2, coverage enhancement level 3, and coverage enhancement mode B. One or more of them.
  • the first uplink information is uplink information associated with one MAC RAR in the MAC PDU;
  • the first uplink information is carried by the physical uplink shared channel, and the first uplink information is the first uplink information after the MAC RAR; or
  • the first uplink information is message 3 in a random access procedure
  • the first uplink information is uplink information between the message 3 in the random access procedure and the contention resolution message in the random access procedure;
  • the first uplink information is uplink information between a random access response message and a contention resolution message in a random access procedure.
  • a third aspect of the present application provides a data transmission apparatus, including a processor and a memory,
  • the memory is for storing instructions for executing the memory stored instructions, the apparatus for performing the method of the first aspect when the processor executes the memory stored instructions.
  • a fourth aspect of the present application provides a data transmission apparatus, including a processor and a memory,
  • the memory is for storing instructions for executing the memory stored instructions, the apparatus for performing the method of the second aspect when the processor executes the instructions stored by the memory.
  • a fifth aspect of the present application provides a data transmission apparatus comprising at least one processing element (or chip) for performing the method of the above first aspect.
  • a sixth aspect of the present application provides a data transmission apparatus comprising at least one processing element (or chip) for performing the method of the above second aspect.
  • a seventh aspect of the present application provides a program for performing the method of the above first aspect when executed by a processor.
  • An eighth aspect of the present application provides a program product, such as a computer readable storage medium, comprising the program of the seventh aspect.
  • a ninth aspect of the present application provides a program for performing the method of the above second aspect when executed by a processor.
  • a tenth aspect of the present application provides a program product, such as a computer readable storage medium, comprising the program of the ninth aspect.
  • An eleventh aspect of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium having stored therein instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of the first aspect described above.
  • a twelfth aspect of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium having stored therein instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of the second aspect described above.
  • the base station receives a random access preamble sequence sent by the terminal, and sends a MAC PDU to the terminal according to the random access preamble sequence, where the MAC PDU includes a type indication field, and the type
  • the indication field is used to indicate the manner in which the terminal transmits data in the first uplink information, or may indicate a transport block that is larger than the existing transport block size, or the granularity of the resource allocation is smaller than that in the prior art, so that the resource allocation is more flexible, thereby The user data delay sent during the random access process is reduced, the data block is larger, and the resource allocation is more flexible.
  • FIG. 1 is a system architecture diagram of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Embodiment 2 is a signaling flowchart of Embodiment 1 of a data transmission method according to the present application;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a MAC PDU
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a MAC RAR
  • FIG. 5 is a resource indication diagram of Type 0 of a BL/CE UE covering level A
  • FIG. 6 is another schematic structural diagram of a MAC RAR
  • FIG. 7 is another schematic structural diagram of a MAC RAR
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of a subhead
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a first subhead
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of a data transmission apparatus according to the present application.
  • Embodiment 11 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of a data transmission apparatus according to the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • a terminal also called a User Equipment (UE) is a device that provides voice and/or data connectivity to a user, for example, a handheld device with a wireless connection function, an in-vehicle device, and the like.
  • UE User Equipment
  • Common terminals include, for example, mobile phones, tablets, notebook computers, PDAs, mobile internet devices (MIDs), wearable devices such as smart watches, smart bracelets, pedometers, and the like.
  • MIDs mobile internet devices
  • wearable devices such as smart watches, smart bracelets, pedometers, and the like.
  • a base station also known as a radio access network (RAN) device
  • RAN radio access network
  • eNB evolved Node B
  • RNC Radio network controller
  • NB Node B
  • BSC Base Station Controller
  • BTS Base Transceiver Station
  • home base station for example, Home evolved
  • HNB Home Node B
  • BBU BaseBand Unit
  • AP Wifi Access Point
  • Multiple means two or more. "and/or”, describing the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships, for example, A and/or B, which may indicate that there are three cases where A exists separately, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists separately.
  • the character "/" generally indicates that the contextual object is an "or" relationship.
  • GSM Global System for Mobile communications
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
  • WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access Wireless
  • FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Addressing
  • OFDMA orthogonal frequency division Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access
  • SC-FDMA single carrier FDMA
  • GPRS General Packet Radio Service
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • LTE Advanced Long Term Evolution
  • LTE-A Long Term Evolution
  • FIG. 1 is a system architecture diagram of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the system includes a base station 20 and a terminal 10, wherein the terminal may include a Personal Communication Service (PCS) telephone, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) telephone, and a wireless local loop (WLL, Wireless Local).
  • PCS Personal Communication Service
  • SIP Session Initiation Protocol
  • WLL Wireless Local
  • a device such as a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) or an Access Terminal, in which the terminal 10 will transmit a random access preamble sequence to the base station 20, and the base station 20 receives the random sequence. After accessing the preamble sequence, the media access control is sent to the terminal.
  • PDA Personal Digital Assistant
  • the MAC PDU includes a type indication field, where the type indication field is used to indicate a manner in which the terminal transmits data in the first uplink information, and the terminal will The data is transmitted in the first uplink information according to the manner indicated by the type indication field.
  • the type indication field indicates the manner in which the terminal transmits data in the first uplink information, or the size of the largest transport block that can be indicated is larger, or the granularity of the resource allocation is smaller than that in the prior art, so that the resource allocation is more flexible.
  • FIG. 2 is a signaling flowchart of Embodiment 1 of a data transmission method according to the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission method, which may be performed by any device that performs a data transmission method, and the device may be implemented by software and/or hardware.
  • the device can be integrated in the base station.
  • the method in this embodiment may include:
  • Step 201 The terminal sends a random access preamble sequence to the base station.
  • Step 202 The base station sends a MAC PDU to the terminal according to the random access preamble sequence.
  • the MAC PDU includes a type indication field, where the type indication field is used to indicate a manner in which the terminal transmits data in the first uplink information.
  • the terminal needs to send a random access preamble sequence to the base station, and the base station returns a random access response (RAR) to the terminal according to the received random access preamble sequence.
  • RAR random access response
  • the base station receives the random access preamble sequence sent by multiple terminals at the same time, the MAC PDU is returned to the terminal to simultaneously respond to the random access preamble sequence sent by the multiple terminals, where each random connection
  • the response to the preamble sequence corresponds to one of the MAC RARs in the MAC PDU.
  • the MAC PDU will carry a type indication field to indicate the manner in which the terminal transmits data in the first uplink information.
  • the first uplink information is uplink information associated with one MAC RAR in the MAC PDU, which is some information in a random access procedure.
  • the first uplink information is carried by the physical uplink shared channel, and the first uplink information is the first uplink information after the MAC RAR; or the first uplink information is the message 3 in the random access process; or, the first The uplink information is uplink information between the message 3 in the random access process and the contention resolution message in the random access process; or the first uplink information is a random access response message and a contention resolution message in the random access process. Uplink information between.
  • the MAC PDU includes a MAC header, 0 or more MAC RARs, and an optional padding portion, where the MAC RAR is a payload portion of the MAC.
  • the location of the foregoing type indication field in the MAC PDU may include the following two types:
  • the first type is located in the MAC RAR of the MAC PDU.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a MAC RAR.
  • the first octet (Oct1) of the MAC RAR includes an R and a Timing Advance Command, and a second octet.
  • the byte (Oct2) includes the Timing Advance Command and the uplink scheduling grant (UL Grant), the third octet (Oct3), and the fourth octet (Oct4) including the UL Grant, the fifth octet.
  • the Temporary C-RNTI field is included in the byte (Oct5) and the sixth octet (Oct6).
  • Timing Advance Command indicates the index value of the timing advance value TA(0,1,2...1282), which is used to control the timing adjustment amount, Timing Advance Command occupies 11 bits;
  • UL Grant indicates the resource used for uplink transmission;
  • Temporary C-RNTI indicates temporary wireless network temporary identifier.
  • the type indication field When the type indication field is located in the MAC RAR, as shown in FIG. 4, since the first bit of Oct1 in the MAC RAR is a reserved bit, the type indication field will contain one bit, and the type indication field contains a bit.
  • the first bit in the MAC RAR the reserved bit R in Figure 4.
  • the terminal may be instructed to transmit data in the first manner in the first uplink information, where the first mode is the first uplink authorization.
  • the first uplink granting instruction indicates that the terminal determines the transport block size of the first uplink information transmission according to the first query manner.
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the second manner in the first uplink information
  • the second mode is the second uplink authorization
  • the second uplink authorization indicates that the terminal determines the first manner according to the second query manner.
  • the transport block size of the upstream information transmission The maximum transport block size TBS determined by the terminal according to the first query manner is smaller than the maximum TBS determined according to the second query manner.
  • the number of bits occupied by the first uplink authorization and the second uplink authorization may be the same or different
  • the second uplink authorization is an authorization information obtained by reinterpreting one or some fields in the first uplink authorization. Indicates the value of MCS or TBS.
  • Table 1 shows the structure of the uplink grant field:
  • the Type 0 uplink resource allocation mode is only applicable to the BL/CE UEs with the coverage level A configured.
  • the value of the resource indication of the Type 0 uplink resource allocation mode is defined by:
  • RB START represents the starting resource block
  • L CRBs ⁇ 1 indicates the length of the allocated resource block
  • RIV is the resource indication value contained in the resource allocation field.
  • the resource indication value (RIV) values of the first to third behaviors in FIG. 5 may be
  • the number of physical resource blocks (PRBs) allocated is 1, 2, 3 or 6.
  • the Msg3 PUSCH resource allocation field includes 4 bits, and can only indicate that the RIV is from 0 to 15, and the corresponding number of allocated PRBs is 1, 2, 3, and 6.
  • the shortened MCS indication field contains 3 bits, and the corresponding modulation coding scheme (MCS) index is 0 to 7 median.
  • Table 2 shows the TBS of Msg3 in the existing CE Mmode A.
  • the Type 2 uplink resource allocation mode is only applicable to BL/CE UEs with coverage level B configured.
  • Table 3 shows the resource indication fields:
  • the resource allocation field contains 3 bits, but only 3 and 6 PRBs are indicated.
  • the shortened TBS index indication field contains 2 bits indicating that the TBS index is from 0 to 3.
  • Table 4 shows the TBS of Msg3 in the existing CE Mmode B.
  • the existing maximum supported TBS of Msg 3 is 712 bits and 328 bits for Mode A and Mode B, respectively.
  • the terminal determines the N PRB according to the Msg3 PUSCH resource configuration information in the uplink grant field in the MAC RAR, determines the I TBS according to the TBS or MCS information in the uplink grant field in the MAC RAR, and then determines the transmission according to the N PRB and the I TBS table 2 or Table 4
  • the block size is the first query mode, and the determined maximum TBS is 712 bits and 328 bits for Mode A and Mode B, respectively.
  • Tables 2 and 4 above are changed as follows, wherein Table 5 shows the TBS of Msg3 at the changed CE Mode A.
  • Table 6 shows the TBS of Msg3 at the changed CE Mode B.
  • the terminal determines the N PRB according to the Msg3 PUSCH resource configuration information in the uplink grant field in the MAC RAR, determines the I TBS according to the TBS or MCS information in the uplink grant field in the MAC RAR, and then determines the transmission according to the N PRB and the I TBS lookup table 5 or Table 6.
  • the block size is the second query mode, and the determined maximum TBS is 912 bits and 828 bits for Mode A and Mode B, respectively.
  • the maximum TBsize that CE Mode A and CE Mode B can support are 912 and 828, respectively.
  • FIG. 6 is another schematic structural diagram of the MAC RAR, as shown in FIG. 6, for the terminal with coverage level 2/3 and the terminal with enhanced coverage, at this time, the first octet of the MAC RAR (Oct1) Including the R and Timing Advance Command, the second octet (Oct2) includes the Timing Advance Command and the uplink scheduling grant (UL Grant), and the third octet (Oct3) includes the UL.
  • the first octet of the MAC RAR (Oct1) Including the R and Timing Advance Command
  • the second octet includes the Timing Advance Command and the uplink scheduling grant (UL Grant)
  • the third octet includes the UL.
  • the fourth octet (Oct4) and the fifth octet (Oct5) include a temporary wireless network identifier (Temporary C-RNTI) field, where R is a reserved bit, usually set to "0" "Timing Advance Command" indicates an index value TA (0, 1, 2...1282) of the timing advance value, which is used to control the timing adjustment amount, Timing Advance The Command occupies 11 bits; the UL Grant indicates the resource used for uplink transmission; the Temporary C-RNTI indicates the temporary wireless network temporary identifier.
  • Temporary C-RNTI temporary wireless network identifier
  • the type indication field when the type indication field is located in the MAC RAR, as shown in FIG. 6, since the first bit in the MAC RAR is a reserved bit, the type indication field will contain one bit, and the type indication The bit contained in the field is the first bit in the MAC RAR, which is the reserved bit R in FIG.
  • the terminal when the reserved bit R is set to 1, that is, when the value of the type indication field is 1, the terminal is instructed to transmit data according to the first manner in the first uplink information, where the first mode is An uplink authorization; when the type indication field is 0, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the second manner in the first uplink information, and the second mode is the second uplink authorization.
  • the first uplink grant and the second uplink grant are similar to the type indication field in the first bit of Oct1, and are not described here.
  • the number of bits occupied by the first uplink authorization and the second uplink authorization may be the same or different, and the second uplink authorization is an authorization information obtained by reinterpreting one or some fields in the first uplink authorization. Indicates the value of MCS or TBS.
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data in a third manner in the first uplink information, where the third manner is third.
  • Upstream authorization when the type indication field is 0, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the fourth manner in the first uplink information, where the fourth mode is a fourth uplink authorization, where
  • the third uplink grant indicates that the terminal allocates resources in units of physical resource blocks, and the resources allocated by the third uplink grant are greater than or equal to one physical resource block; the resources allocated by the fourth uplink grant are less than one. Physical resource block.
  • the number of bits occupied by the third uplink grant and the fourth uplink grant may be the same or different, and the third uplink grant is an authorization information obtained by reinterpreting one or some fields in the fourth uplink grant. Indicates resource allocation information.
  • the type indication field when the type indication field is 1, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data in the first manner in the first uplink information, and the fifth mode is the second.
  • Upstream authorization when the type indication field is 0, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the sixth manner in the first uplink information, and the sixth mode is a fourth uplink authorization;
  • the second uplink grant indicates that the terminal determines the transport block size of the first uplink information transmission according to the second query manner; the resource allocated by the fourth uplink grant is smaller than one physical resource block.
  • FIG. 7 is another schematic structural diagram of the MAC RAR.
  • the first octet (Oct1) of the MAC RAR includes a reserved bit R and a time advance command (Timing). Advance Command
  • the second octet (Oct2) includes Timing Advance Command and uplink scheduling grant (UL Grant)
  • the third octet (Oct3) includes UL Grant
  • the (Oct4) includes a UL Grant and a reserved bit R
  • a fifth octet (Oct5) and a sixth octet (Oct6) include a Temporary C-RNTI field.
  • R is a reserved bit, and is normally set to "0";
  • Timing Advance Command indicates an index value TA (0, 1, 2, ... 1282) of the timing advance value, which is used to control the timing adjustment amount, and Timing Advance Command occupies 11 Bits;
  • UL Grant indicates resources for uplink transmission;
  • Temporary C-RNTI indicates temporary wireless network temporary identification.
  • the bit included in the type indication field may be the first in the MAC RAR. Bits, which may also be in the first, 28, 29, 30, 31 or 32 bits of the MAC RAR. One bit less, that is, the reserved bit R in Oct1 or Oct 4 in FIG.
  • the terminal when the type indication field contains a bit that is the first bit in the MAC RAR, when R in the Oct1 is set to 1, or when R in the Oct4 is set to 1, the terminal is indicated. Transmitting data according to the first manner in the first uplink information, where the first mode is the first uplink grant, and when the type indication field is 0, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the second manner in the first uplink information, The second mode is the second uplink authorization.
  • the number of bits occupied by the first uplink authorization and the second uplink authorization may be the same or different, and the second uplink authorization is an authorization information obtained by reinterpreting one or some fields in the first uplink authorization. Indicates the value of MCS or TBS.
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data in a third manner in the first uplink information, where the third manner is third.
  • Upstream authorization when the type indication field is 0, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the fourth manner in the first uplink information, where the fourth mode is a fourth uplink authorization, where
  • the third uplink grant indicates that the terminal allocates resources in units of physical resource blocks, and the resources allocated by the third uplink grant are greater than or equal to one physical resource block; the resources allocated by the fourth uplink grant are less than one. Physical resource block.
  • the number of bits occupied by the third uplink grant and the fourth uplink grant may be the same or different, and the third uplink grant is an authorization information obtained by reinterpreting one or some fields in the fourth uplink grant. Indicates resource allocation information.
  • the type indication field when the type indication field is 1, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data in the first manner in the first uplink information, and the fifth mode is the second.
  • Upstream authorization when the type indication field is 0, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the sixth manner in the first uplink information, and the sixth mode is a fourth uplink authorization;
  • the second uplink grant indicates that the terminal determines the transport block size of the first uplink information transmission according to the second query manner; the resource allocated by the fourth uplink grant is smaller than one physical resource block.
  • the reserved bit in the MAC RAR is used as a type indication field to indicate the manner in which the terminal transmits data in the first uplink information, so that the terminal is implemented without increasing the MAC PDU overhead.
  • the purpose of the indication whereby the signaling overhead of the network can be reduced.
  • the type indication field is located in the MAC header of the MAC PDU.
  • one MAC RAR in the MAC PDU corresponds to one sub-header of the MAC header of the MAC PDU, such as MAC RAR1 corresponding to sub-header 1, MAC RAR2 corresponding to sub-head 2 and many more.
  • 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a subheader.
  • the subheader may be the mth subheader in the MAC header, and m is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, wherein the subheader contains 8 bits.
  • the first bit E in the subheader is an extension field
  • the second bit T in the subheader is a type indication field
  • the third bit to the eighth bit RAPID of the subheader is used to indicate a random access preamble identifier.
  • the extension field E is used to indicate whether more sub-headers are included in the MAC header. For example, if “E” is set to “1", it indicates that there is at least another sub-header after the sub-header, if "E” Set to "0" to indicate that the byte following the subheader is MAC RAR or padding content.
  • the RAPID is used to indicate or determine a random access sequence, where the RAPID occupies 6 bits.
  • the type indication field T is used to indicate the manner in which the terminal transmits data in the first uplink information.
  • the type indication field T when the type indication field T is set to 0, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the seventh manner in the first uplink information, and the seventh mode is the first uplink authorization; Indication When the field is 1, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the eighth mode in the first uplink information, and the eighth mode is the second uplink authorization, where the number of bits included in the first uplink authorization is The second uplink grant contains the same number of bits.
  • the first uplink authorization indication terminal determines the transmission block size of the first uplink information transmission according to the first query manner
  • the second uplink authorization indication terminal determines, according to the second query manner, the transport block size of the first uplink information transmission, according to the foregoing
  • the maximum transport block size TBS determined by a query mode is smaller than the maximum TBS determined according to the second query mode.
  • the number of bits occupied by the first uplink authorization and the second uplink authorization may be the same or different
  • the second uplink authorization is an authorization information obtained by reinterpreting one or some fields in the first uplink authorization. Indicates the value of MCS or TBS.
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the ninth manner in the first uplink information, and the ninth mode is the third uplink authorization; when the type indication field If the value is 1, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the tenth mode in the first uplink information, and the tenth mode is the fourth uplink authorization, where the third uplink authorization includes the number of bits and the fourth uplink authorization includes The number of bits is the same.
  • the third uplink grant indicates that the terminal allocates resources in units of physical resource blocks, and the resources allocated by the third uplink grant are greater than or equal to one physical resource block; the resources allocated by the fourth uplink grant are smaller than one physical resource block.
  • the number of bits occupied by the third uplink grant and the fourth uplink grant may be the same or different, and the third uplink grant is an authorization information obtained by reinterpreting one or some fields in the fourth uplink grant. Indicates resource allocation information.
  • the type indication field when the type indication field is 0, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the eleventh manner in the first uplink information, and the eleventh mode is the second uplink authorization;
  • the indication field When the indication field is 1, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the twelfth manner in the first uplink information, and the twelfth mode is the fourth uplink authorization, where the second uplink grant includes the number of bits and the fourth uplink. Authorization contains the same number of bits.
  • the second uplink grant indicates that the terminal determines the transport block size of the first uplink information transmission according to the second query manner, and the resource allocated by the fourth uplink grant is smaller than one physical resource block.
  • the MAC header of the MAC PDU includes L first subheaders, and each first subhead includes n type indication fields, and each type indication field corresponds to one of the MAC PDUs.
  • MAC RAR where n is a positive integer and L is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a first subheader. As shown in FIG. 9, for each first subheader, it includes n type indication fields, and each type indication field corresponds to one MAC RAR in the MAC PDU. For example, D1 corresponds to MAC RAR1, D2 corresponds to MAC RAR2, and so on.
  • the extension field E is used to indicate whether more sub-headers are included in the MAC header, for example, if "E" is set to "1", it indicates that there is at least another sub-child behind the sub-header. Header, if "E” is set to "0" to indicate that the byte following the subheader is MAC RAR or padding content, the type field T is used to indicate that the 3-8th bit in the first subheader is configured as a type indication field. D1-Dn in the first subheader may be utilized as a type indication field, the n type indication fields indicating a manner in which the terminal transmits data in the first uplink information.
  • the terminal when D1 is set to 1, the terminal is instructed to transmit data in the first manner in the first uplink information, where the first mode is the first uplink grant; when the type indication field is When the value is 0, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data in the second manner in the first uplink information, and the second mode is the second uplink authorization.
  • the number of bits occupied by the first uplink grant and the second uplink grant may be the same.
  • the second uplink grant is an authorization information obtained by reinterpreting one or some fields in the first uplink grant, and these fields are used to indicate the value of the MCS or the TBS.
  • the type indication field when the type indication field is 1, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data in a third manner in the first uplink information, where the third manner is third. Upstream authorization; when the type indication field is 0, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the fourth manner in the first uplink information, and the fourth mode is the fourth uplink authorization.
  • the number of bits occupied by the third uplink grant and the fourth uplink grant may be the same or different, and the third uplink grant is an authorization information obtained by reinterpreting one or some fields in the fourth uplink grant. Indicates resource allocation information.
  • the type indication field when the type indication field is 1, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data in the first manner in the first uplink information, and the fifth mode is the second. Upstream authorization; when the type indication field is 0, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the sixth manner in the first uplink information, and the sixth mode is the fourth uplink authorization.
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the seventh manner in the first uplink information, where the seventh mode is the first Upstream authorization; when the type indication field is 1, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the eighth mode in the first uplink information, and the eighth mode is the second uplink authorization.
  • the number of bits occupied by the first uplink authorization and the second uplink authorization may be the same or different, and the second uplink authorization is an authorization information obtained by reinterpreting one or some fields in the first uplink authorization. Indicates the value of MCS or TBS.
  • the type indication field when the type indication field is 0, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the ninth manner in the first uplink information, where the ninth mode is third. Upstream authorization; when the type indication field is 1, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the tenth mode in the first uplink information, and the tenth mode is the fourth uplink authorization.
  • the number of bits occupied by the third uplink grant and the fourth uplink grant may be the same or different, and the third uplink grant is an authorization information obtained by reinterpreting one or some fields in the fourth uplink grant. Indicates resource allocation information.
  • the type indication field when the type indication field is 0, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the eleventh manner in the first uplink information, where the eleventh mode is a second uplink authorization; when the type indication field is 1, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the twelfth manner in the first uplink information, where the twelfth mode is the fourth uplink authorization.
  • each first subhead includes 8 bits, and the first bit of each first subhead is an extended field E, and the second bit is a type field T.
  • the type field T is used to indicate that the 3-8th bit in the first subheader is configured as a type indication field.
  • each bit of the third bit to the eighth bit of the subheader respectively corresponds to a type indication field, that is, D1-Dn are respectively used to indicate that the terminal is in the first The way in which data is transmitted in an upstream message.
  • the L first sub-heads may be the last L sub-headers in the MAC header, and the L first first sub-heads do not include the first sub-header in the MAC header, or L first The subheader is the first L subheaders in the MAC header except the first subheader.
  • the subheader including the backoff is the first subheader in the MAC header. Therefore, the L first subheaders may be the last L subheaders in the MAC header. Header, and the first sub-headers in the MAC header will not be included in the L first sub-headers, or may be the first L sub-headers in the MAC header except the first sub-header.
  • the terminal when the physical random access channel of the terminal adopts the first mode, transmits data according to the thirteenth mode or the fourteenth mode in the first uplink information, where the thirteenth mode is the first uplink authorization.
  • the fourteenth mode is the second uplink authorization; and/or, when the physical random access channel of the terminal adopts the second mode, the terminal transmits data according to the fifteenth mode or the sixteenth mode in the first uplink information, where The fifteenth mode is a third uplink grant, and the sixteenth mode is a fourth uplink grant; wherein, the first mode is one or more of coverage enhancement level 0, coverage enhancement level 1, and coverage enhancement mode A, and second The mode is one or more of coverage enhancement level 2, coverage enhancement level 3, and coverage enhancement mode B.
  • the first uplink authorization instruction terminal determines the transmission block size of the first uplink information transmission according to the first query manner
  • the second uplink authorization instruction terminal determines the transmission block size of the first uplink information transmission according to the second query manner.
  • the third uplink grant indicates that the terminal allocates resources in units of physical resource blocks, and the resources allocated by the third uplink grant are greater than or equal to one physical resource block; the resources allocated by the fourth uplink grant are smaller than one physical resource block;
  • the maximum transport block size TBS determined according to the first query manner is smaller than the maximum TBS determined according to the second query manner.
  • the xth type indication field in the first subheader corresponds to the xth MAC RAR in the MAC PDU, where x is a positive integer.
  • first subheaders For example, if there are 5 first subheaders in the MAC header, since the first bit and the second bit of each first subheader are an extended field and a type field, respectively, except for each first subheader. In addition to the first bit and the second bit, a total of 30 bits correspond to 30 type indication fields, the first of these 30 bits will correspond to the first MAC RAR, and the second bit will correspond to the second. MAC RAR and so on.
  • the manner in which the terminal transmits data in the first uplink information is indicated by the field of the first sub-head in the MAC header, so that the manner of indicating the terminal is simpler.
  • the base station receives the random access preamble sequence sent by the terminal, and sends a MAC PDU to the terminal according to the random access preamble sequence, where the MAC PDU includes a type indication field, and the type indication field is used by the base station.
  • the manner of instructing the terminal to transmit data in the first uplink information may be indicated by a type indication field in the MAC PDU, or may indicate a transport block larger than an existing transport block size, or the granularity of resource allocation is smaller than that in the prior art.
  • the resource allocation is more flexible, so that the user data delay sent in the random access process is reduced, the data block is larger, and the resource allocation is more flexible.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of a data transmission apparatus according to the present application.
  • the apparatus may be located at a base station.
  • the apparatus includes: a receiving unit 11 and a sending unit 12, where:
  • the receiving unit 11 is configured to receive a random access preamble sequence sent by the terminal;
  • the sending unit 12 is configured to send, according to the random access preamble sequence, a media access control MAC packet data unit PDU to the terminal; the MAC PDU includes a type indication field, where the type indication field is used to indicate that the terminal is The way in which data is transmitted in the first uplink information.
  • the type indication field is located in a MAC random access response (RAR) of the MAC PDU.
  • RAR MAC random access response
  • the type indication field is located in a MAC header of the MAC PDU.
  • the type indication field includes one bit, and the type indication field includes a bit that is the first bit in the MAC RAR; or
  • the type indication field contains a bit that is at least one of the first, 28, 29, 30, 31 or 32 bits in the MAC RAR.
  • one MAC RAR in the MAC PDU corresponds to one subhead in the MAC header of the MAC PDU, and the subheader includes 8 bits, and the subheader is the mth in the MAC header.
  • a sub-header, m is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; the first bit in the sub-header is an extension field, and the second bit in the sub-header is the type indication field, the Three bits to eight bits are used to indicate a random access preamble identifier.
  • the MAC header of the MAC PDU includes L first subheaders, and each of the first subheads includes n the type indication fields, where each type indication field corresponds to the MAC PDU.
  • a MAC RAR where n is a positive integer and L is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the L first subheads are the last L subheaders in the MAC header, and the first subheads in the MAC header are not included in the L first subheads;
  • the L first subheaders are the first L subheaders of the MAC header except the first subheader.
  • each of the first subheads includes 8 bits, and a first bit of each of the first subheads is an extension field, and a second bit is a type field; The third to eighth bits in the first subhead are indicated as being configured as the type indication field;
  • the type field of the subheader is set to 0, and each of the third bit to the eighth bit of the subheader respectively corresponds to a type indication field.
  • the xth type indication field in the first subheader corresponds to an xth MAC RAR in the MAC PDU, where x is a positive integer.
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data in the first manner in the first uplink information, where the first mode is the first uplink authorization;
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the second manner in the first uplink information, and the second mode is the second uplink authorization;
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the third manner in the first uplink information, where the third mode is a third uplink authorization; when the type indication field is If the value is 0, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the fourth manner in the first uplink information, where the fourth mode is the fourth uplink authorization; or
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the fifth manner in the first uplink information, where the fifth mode is the second uplink authorization; when the type indication field is When the value is 0, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data in the sixth manner in the first uplink information, and the sixth mode is the fourth uplink authorization.
  • the first uplink grant indicates that the terminal determines the transport block size of the first uplink information transmission according to the first query manner; the second uplink grant indicates that the terminal determines the first uplink information transmission according to the second query manner. a transport block size; the third uplink grant indicates that the terminal performs resource division in units of physical resource blocks And the resource allocated by the third uplink grant is greater than or equal to one physical resource block; the resource allocated by the fourth uplink grant is smaller than one physical resource block; wherein the maximum transmission determined according to the first query mode
  • the block size TBS is smaller than the maximum TBS determined according to the second query mode.
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the seventh manner in the first uplink information, where the seventh mode is the first uplink authorization;
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the eighth mode in the first uplink information, and the eighth mode is the second uplink authorization;
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the ninth manner in the first uplink information, where the ninth mode is a third uplink authorization; when the type indication field is If the value is 1, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the tenth mode in the first uplink information, where the tenth mode is the fourth uplink authorization; or
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the eleventh manner in the first uplink information, where the eleventh mode is the second uplink authorization;
  • the indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the twelfth manner in the first uplink information, where the twelfth mode is the fourth uplink authorization;
  • the first uplink grant indicates that the terminal determines the transport block size of the first uplink information transmission according to the first query manner; the second uplink grant indicates that the terminal determines the first uplink information transmission according to the second query manner.
  • the third uplink grant indicates that the terminal allocates resources in units of physical resource blocks, and the resources allocated by the third uplink grant are greater than or equal to one physical resource block; The allocated resource is smaller than one physical resource block; wherein the maximum transport block size TBS determined according to the first query manner is smaller than the maximum TBS determined according to the second query manner.
  • the terminal transmits data according to the thirteenth mode or the fourteenth mode in the first uplink information, where the thirteenth mode is a first uplink authorization, the fourteenth manner is a second uplink authorization; and/or,
  • the terminal transmits data according to the fifteenth mode or the sixteenth mode in the first uplink information, where the fifteenth mode is the third uplink authorization.
  • the sixteenth mode is a fourth uplink authorization
  • the first mode is one or more of coverage enhancement level 0, coverage enhancement level 1, and coverage enhancement mode A
  • the second mode is coverage enhancement level 2, coverage enhancement level 3, and coverage enhancement mode B. One or more of them.
  • the first uplink information is uplink information associated with one MAC RAR in the MAC PDU;
  • the first uplink information is carried by the physical uplink shared channel, and the first uplink information is the first uplink information after the MAC RAR; or
  • the first uplink information is message 3 in a random access procedure
  • the first uplink information is uplink information between the message 3 in the random access procedure and the contention resolution message in the random access procedure;
  • the first uplink information is uplink information between a random access response message and a contention resolution message in a random access procedure.
  • the foregoing apparatus may be used to perform the method provided by the foregoing corresponding method embodiment, and the specific implementation manner and the technical effect are similar, and details are not described herein again.
  • each unit of the above data transmission device is only a division of a logical function, and the actual implementation may be integrated into one physical entity in whole or in part, or may be physically separated.
  • these units may all be implemented in the form of software by means of processing component calls; or may be implemented entirely in hardware; some units may be implemented by software in the form of processing component calls, and some units may be implemented in the form of hardware.
  • the sending unit may be a separately set processing element, or may be integrated in a certain chip of the base station, or may be stored in a memory of the base station in the form of a program, which is called and executed by a processing element of the base station. The function of the sending unit.
  • the implementation of other units is similar.
  • each step of the above method or each of the above units may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor element or an instruction in a form of software.
  • the above sending unit is a unit for controlling transmission, and the information transmitted by the terminal can be received by a transmitting device of the base station, such as an antenna and a radio frequency device.
  • the above units may be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above method, such as one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), or one or more microprocessors (digital singnal processor) , DSP), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs).
  • ASICs Application Specific Integrated Circuits
  • DSP digital singnal processor
  • FPGAs Field Programmable Gate Arrays
  • the processing element can be a general purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU) or other processor that can invoke the program.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • these units can be integrated and implemented in the form of a system-on-a-chip (SOC).
  • SOC system-on-a-chip
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of a data transmission apparatus according to the present application.
  • the apparatus may be located at a terminal.
  • the apparatus includes: a sending unit 21 and a receiving unit 22, where:
  • the sending unit 21 is configured to send a random access preamble sequence to the base station;
  • the receiving unit 22 is configured to receive a media access control MAC packet data unit PDU that is sent by the base station according to the random access preamble sequence; the MAC PDU includes a type indication field, where the type indication field is used to indicate the terminal The way in which data is transmitted in the first uplink information.
  • the type indication field is located in a MAC random access response (RAR) of the MAC PDU.
  • RAR MAC random access response
  • the type indication field is located in a MAC header of the MAC PDU.
  • the type indication field includes one bit, and the type indication field includes a bit that is the first bit in the MAC RAR; or
  • the type indication field contains a bit that is at least one of the first, 28, 29, 30, 31 or 32 bits in the MAC RAR.
  • one MAC RAR in the MAC PDU corresponds to one subhead in the MAC header of the MAC PDU, and the subheader includes 8 bits, and the subheader is the mth in the MAC header.
  • a sub-header, m is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2; the first bit in the sub-header is an extension field, and the second bit in the sub-header is the type indication field, the Three bits to eight bits are used to indicate a random access preamble identifier.
  • the MAC header of the MAC PDU includes L first subheaders, and each of the first subheads includes n the type indication fields, where each type indication field corresponds to the MAC PDU.
  • a MAC RAR where n is a positive integer and L is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the L first subheads are the last L subheaders in the MAC header, and the first subheads in the MAC header are not included in the L first subheads;
  • the L first subheaders are the first L subheaders of the MAC header except the first subheader.
  • each of the first subheads includes 8 bits, and a first bit of each of the first subheads is an extension field, and a second bit is a type field; The third to eighth bits in the first subhead are indicated as being configured as the type indication field;
  • the type field of the subheader is set to 0, and each of the third bit to the eighth bit of the subheader respectively corresponds to a type indication field.
  • the xth type indication field in the first subheader corresponds to an xth MAC RAR in the MAC PDU, where x is a positive integer.
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data in the first manner in the first uplink information, where the first mode is the first uplink authorization;
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the second manner in the first uplink information, and the second mode is the second uplink authorization;
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the third manner in the first uplink information, where the third mode is a third uplink authorization; when the type indication field is If the value is 0, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the fourth manner in the first uplink information, where the fourth mode is the fourth uplink authorization; or
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the fifth manner in the first uplink information, where the fifth mode is the second uplink authorization; when the type indication field is When the value is 0, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data in the sixth manner in the first uplink information, and the sixth mode is the fourth uplink authorization.
  • the first uplink grant indicates that the terminal determines the transport block size of the first uplink information transmission according to the first query manner; the second uplink grant indicates that the terminal determines the first uplink information transmission according to the second query manner.
  • the third uplink grant indicates that the terminal allocates resources in units of physical resource blocks, and the resources allocated by the third uplink grant are greater than or equal to one physical resource block; The allocated resource is smaller than one physical resource block; wherein the maximum transport block size TBS determined according to the first query manner is smaller than the maximum TBS determined according to the second query manner.
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the seventh manner in the first uplink information, where the seventh mode is the first uplink authorization;
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the eighth mode in the first uplink information, and the eighth mode is the second uplink authorization;
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the ninth manner in the first uplink information, where the ninth mode is a third uplink authorization; when the type indication field is If the value is 1, the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the tenth mode in the first uplink information, where the tenth mode is the fourth uplink authorization; or
  • the type indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the eleventh manner in the first uplink information, where the eleventh mode is the second uplink authorization;
  • the indication field indicates that the terminal transmits data according to the twelfth manner in the first uplink information, where the twelfth mode is the fourth uplink authorization;
  • the first uplink grant indicates that the terminal determines the transport block size of the first uplink information transmission according to the first query manner; the second uplink grant indicates that the terminal determines the first uplink information transmission according to the second query manner.
  • the third uplink grant indicates that the terminal allocates resources in units of physical resource blocks, and the resources allocated by the third uplink grant are greater than or equal to one physical resource block; The allocated resource is smaller than one physical resource block; wherein the maximum transport block size TBS determined according to the first query manner is smaller than the maximum TBS determined according to the second query manner.
  • the terminal transmits data according to the thirteenth mode or the fourteenth mode in the first uplink information, where the thirteenth mode is a first uplink authorization, the fourteenth manner is a second uplink authorization; and/or,
  • the terminal transmits data according to the fifteenth mode or the sixteenth mode in the first uplink information, where the fifteenth mode is the third uplink authorization.
  • the sixteenth mode is a fourth uplink authorization
  • the first mode is one or more of coverage enhancement level 0, coverage enhancement level 1, and coverage enhancement mode A
  • the second mode is coverage enhancement level 2, coverage enhancement level 3, and coverage enhancement mode B. One or more of them.
  • the first uplink information is uplink information associated with one MAC RAR in the MAC PDU;
  • the first uplink information is carried by the physical uplink shared channel, and the first uplink information is the first uplink information after the MAC RAR; or
  • the first uplink information is message 3 in a random access procedure
  • the first uplink information is uplink information between the message 3 in the random access procedure and the contention resolution message in the random access procedure;
  • the first uplink information is uplink information between a random access response message and a contention resolution message in a random access procedure.
  • the foregoing apparatus may be used to perform the method provided by the foregoing corresponding method embodiment, and the specific implementation manner and the technical effect are similar, and details are not described herein again.
  • each unit of the above data transmission device is only a division of a logical function, and the actual implementation may be integrated into one physical entity in whole or in part, or may be physically separated.
  • these units may all be implemented in the form of software by means of processing component calls; or may be implemented entirely in hardware; some units may be implemented by software in the form of processing component calls, and some units may be implemented in the form of hardware.
  • the sending unit may be a separately set processing element, or may be integrated in one of the chips of the terminal, or may be stored in a memory of the terminal in the form of a program, which is called and executed by a processing element of the terminal. The function of the sending unit.
  • the implementation of other units is similar.
  • each step of the above method or each unit above can pass through The integrated logic of the hardware in the processor component or the instruction in the form of software is completed.
  • the above sending unit is a unit for controlling transmission, and the information transmitted by the base station can be received by a transmitting device of the terminal, such as an antenna and a radio frequency device.
  • the above units may be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above method, such as one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), or one or more microprocessors (digital singnal processor) , DSP), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs).
  • ASICs Application Specific Integrated Circuits
  • DSP digital singnal processor
  • FPGAs Field Programmable Gate Arrays
  • the processing element can be a general purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU) or other processor that can invoke the program.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • these units can be integrated and implemented in the form of a system-on-a-chip (SOC).
  • SOC system-on-a-chip
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the base station includes: an antenna 110, a radio frequency device 120, and a baseband device 130.
  • the antenna 110 is connected to the radio frequency device 120.
  • the radio frequency device 120 receives the information transmitted by the terminal through the antenna 110, and transmits the information sent by the terminal to the baseband device 130 for processing.
  • the baseband device 130 processes the information of the terminal and sends it to the radio frequency device 120.
  • the radio frequency device 120 processes the information of the terminal and sends the information to the terminal through the antenna 110.
  • the above data transmission device may be located in the baseband device 130.
  • the above various units are implemented in the form of a processing element scheduler, for example, the baseband device 130 includes a processing element 131 and a storage element 132, and the processing element 131 calls the storage element 132 for storage.
  • the baseband device 130 may further include an interface 133 for interacting with the radio frequency device 120, such as a common public radio interface (CPRI).
  • CPRI common public radio interface
  • the above units may be one or more processing elements configured to implement the above methods, the processing elements being disposed on the baseband device 130, where the processing elements may be integrated circuits, such as: one or more ASICs, or one or more DSPs, or one or more FPGAs, etc. These integrated circuits can be integrated to form a chip.
  • the above various units may be integrated together in the form of a system-on-a-chip (SOC), for example, the baseband device 130 includes a SOC chip for implementing the above method.
  • the processing element 131 and the storage element 132 may be integrated into the chip, and the functions of the above method or the above units may be implemented by the processing element 131 in the form of a stored program that calls the storage element 132; or, at least one integrated circuit may be integrated into the chip.
  • the functions of the above methods or the above units may be implemented; or, in combination with the above implementation manners, the functions of some units are implemented in the form of processing component calling programs, and the functions of some units are implemented in the form of integrated circuits.
  • the above data transmission device comprises at least one processing element, a storage element and a communication interface, wherein at least one of the processing elements is used to perform the method provided by the above method embodiments.
  • the processing element may perform some or all of the steps in the above method embodiments in a manner of executing the program stored in the storage element in the first manner; or in the second manner: through the integrated logic circuit of the hardware in the processor element Some or all of the steps in the foregoing method embodiments are performed in combination with the instructions.
  • the methods provided in the foregoing method embodiments may also be implemented in combination with the first mode and the second mode.
  • the processing elements herein are as described above and may be general purpose processors such as a central processing unit (Central)
  • the processing unit may also be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above method, such as one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), or one or more microprocessors. (digital singnal processor, DSP), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA).
  • ASICs Application Specific Integrated Circuits
  • microprocessors digital singnal processor, DSP
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • the storage element can be a memory or a collective name for a plurality of storage elements.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the terminal includes: a processor 110, a memory 120, and a transceiver 130.
  • the transceiver 130 can be coupled to an antenna.
  • the transceiver 130 receives the information transmitted by the base station through the antenna, and transmits the information to the processor 110 for processing.
  • the processor 110 processes the data of the terminal and transmits it to the base station through the transceiver 130.
  • the memory 120 is used to store a program that implements the above method embodiments, or the various units of the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, and the processor 110 calls the program to perform the operations of the above method embodiments to implement the various units shown in FIG.
  • part or all of the above units may be implemented by being embedded in a chip of the terminal in the form of an integrated circuit. And they can be implemented separately or integrated. That is, the above units may be configured to implement one or more integrated circuits of the above method, for example, one or more Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), or one or more microprocessors (digital singnal processor) , DSP), or one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs).
  • ASICs Application Specific Integrated Circuits
  • microprocessors digital singnal processor
  • FPGAs Field Programmable Gate Arrays
  • the present application further provides a storage medium comprising: a readable storage medium and a computer program for implementing the data transmission method provided by any of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the application also provides a program product comprising a computer program (ie, an execution instruction) stored in a readable storage medium.
  • a computer program ie, an execution instruction
  • At least one processor of the transmitting device can read the computer program from a readable storage medium, and the at least one processor executes the computer program such that the transmitting device implements the data transmission method provided by the various embodiments described above.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a communication apparatus, including at least one storage element and at least one processing element, the at least one storage element for storing a program, when the program is executed, causing the data transmission apparatus to perform any of the foregoing
  • the operation of the base station in the embodiment can be a base station chip.
  • All or part of the steps of implementing the above method embodiments may be performed by hardware associated with the program instructions.
  • the aforementioned program can be stored in a readable memory.
  • the steps including the foregoing method embodiments are performed; and the foregoing memory (storage medium) includes: read-only memory (English: read-only memory, abbreviation: ROM), RAM, flash memory, hard disk, Solid state drive, magnetic tape (English: magnetic tape), floppy disk (English: floppy disk), optical disc (English: optical disc) and any combination thereof.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种数据传输方法和装置，该方法包括：基站接收终端发送的随机接入前导序列；所述基站根据所述随机接入前导序列向所述终端发送媒体接入控制MAC分组数据单元PDU；所述MAC PDU中包含类型指示字段，所述类型指示字段用于指示所述终端在第一上行信息中传输数据的方式。本申请实施例能够降低数据的传输时延。

Description

数据传输方法和装置 技术领域
本申请涉及信息处理技术领域，尤其涉及一种数据传输方法和装置。
背景技术
目前，由于越来越多的低时延业务在无线通信系统中应用，因此对无线通信系统的传输时延提出了更高的要求，希望能够进一步减小业务数据在无线通信系统中的传输时延。
通常，随机接入过程通常包含如下步骤：1、终端选择随机接入前导码preamble和物理随机接入信道(Physical Random Access Channel，PRACH)资源并利用该PRACH资源向基站发送所选的随机接入preamble；2、基站接收到preamble，计算定时提前量TA，并向终端发送随机接入响应，随机接入响应中至少包含该定时提前量信息和上行链路调度(UL grant)；3、终端在指定的UL grant上发送上行消息3(Msg3)；4、UE根据消息4(Msg4)判断随机接入是否成功。若随机接入成功，则终端和基站将进行数据的传输。
因此，在上述数据通信过程中，如何降低数据传输时延，是目前亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种数据传输方法和装置，用于在数据通信过程中，降低数据传输时延。
本申请第一方面提供一种数据传输方法，包括：
基站接收终端发送的随机接入前导序列；
所述基站根据所述随机接入前导序列向所述终端发送媒体接入控制MAC分组数据单元PDU；所述MAC PDU中包含类型指示字段，所述类型指示字段用于指示所述终端在第一上行信息中传输数据的方式。
上述方案中，在随机接入过程中，终端需要向基站发送随机接入前导序列，基站根据接收到的随机接入前导序列，向终端返回随机接入响应(Random Access Response；RAR)。如果基站在同一时间内接收到多个终端发送的随机接入前导序列时，则将向终端返回MAC PDU，以同时对多个终端发送的随机接入前导序列进行响应，其中，每个随机接入前导序列的响应对应MAC PDU中的一个MAC RAR。该MAC PDU中将携带有类型指示字段，以指示终端在第一上行信息中传输数据的方式。
在本方案中，通过类型指示字段指示终端在随机接入过程中的第一上行信息中传输数据的方式，或者可以指示较现有传输块大小更大的传输块，或者资源分配的粒度比现有技术中小，使得资源分配更加灵活，从而使随机接入过程中发送的用户数据时 延降低，数据块更大，资源分配更灵活。
可选地，所述类型指示字段位于所述MAC PDU的MAC随机接入响应RAR中。
可选地，所述类型指示字段位于所述MAC PDU的MAC头中。
可选地，所述类型指示字段包含一个比特，且所述类型指示字段包含的比特是所述MAC RAR中的第一个比特；或，
所述类型指示字段包含的比特是所述MAC RAR中的第1、28、29、30、31或32个比特中的至少一个比特。
在上述方案中，MAC RAR中包含预留比特，可以将MAC RAR中的预留比特作为类型指示字段，以指示终端是在第一上行信息中传输数据的方式，这样，在不增加MAC PDU开销的情况下，达到了对终端进行指示的目的，由此可以减小网络的信令开销。
可选地，所述MAC PDU中的一个MAC RAR对应所述MAC PDU的MAC头中的一个子头，且所述子头包含8个比特，所述子头为所述MAC头中的第m个子头，m是大于或等于2的正整数；所述子头中的第一个比特是扩展字段，所述子头中的第二个比特为所述类型指示字段，所述子头的第三个比特至第八个比特用于指示随机接入前导标识。
可选地，所述MAC PDU的MAC头中包括L个第一子头，且每个所述第一子头包括n个所述类型指示字段，每个类型指示字段对应所述MAC PDU中的一个MAC RAR，其中n是正整数，L是大于或等于1的正整数。
可选地，所述L个第一子头是所述MAC头中的最后L个子头，且所述L个第一子头中不包括所述MAC头中的第一个子头；或者
所述L个第一子头是所述MAC头中除第一个子头外的前L个子头。
可选地，每个所述第一子头中均包含8个比特，且每个所述第一子头的第一个比特是扩展字段，第二个比特是类型字段；所述类型字段用于指示所述第一子头中的第3～8比特被配置为所述类型指示字段；
所述子头的类型字段被设置成0，则所述子头的第三个比特至第八个比特中的每个比特都分别对应一个类型指示字段。
可选地，所述第一子头中的第x个所述类型指示字段对应所述MAC PDU中的第x个MAC RAR,其中x是正整数。
在上述方案中，通过MAC头中的第一子头的字段来指示终端在第一上行信息中传输数据的方式，使得指示终端的方式更简单。
可选地，当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第一方式传输数据，所述第一方式为第一上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第二方式传输数据，所述第二方式为第二上行授权，其中，所述第一上行授权包含的比特数与所述第二上行授权包含的比特数相同；或者，
当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第三方式传输数据，所述第三方式为第三上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第四方式传输数据，所 述第四方式为第四上行授权，其中，所述第三上行授权包含的比特数与所述第四上行授权包含的比特数相同；或者，
当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第五方式传输数据，所述第五方式为第二上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第六方式传输数据，所述第六方式为第四上行授权，其中，所述第二上行授权包含的比特数与所述第四上行授权包含的比特数相同；
其中，所述第一上行授权指示所述终端按照第一查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小；所述第二上行授权指示所述终端按照第二查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小；所述第三上行授权指示所述终端以物理资源块为单位进行资源分配，且所述第三上行授权所分配的资源大于或者等于一个物理资源块；所述第四上行授权所分配的资源小于一个物理资源块；其中，按照所述第一查询方式确定的最大传输块大小TBS小于按照所述第二查询方式确定的最大TBS。
可选地，当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第七方式传输数据，所述第七方式为第一上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第八方式传输数据，所述第八方式是第二上行授权，其中，所述第一上行授权包含的比特数与所述第二上行授权包含的比特数相同；或者，
当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第九方式传输数据，所述第九方式为第三上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十方式传输数据，所述第十方式为第四上行授权，其中，所述第三上行授权包含的比特数与所述第四上行授权包含的比特数相同；或者，
当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十一方式传输数据，所述第十一方式为第二上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十二方式传输数据，所述第十二方式为第四上行授权，其中，所述第二上行授权包含的比特数与所述第四上行授权包含的比特数相同；
其中，所述第一上行授权指示所述终端按照第一查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小；所述第二上行授权指示所述终端按照第二查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小；所述第三上行授权指示所述终端以物理资源块为单位进行资源分配，且所述第三上行授权所分配的资源大于或者等于一个物理资源块；所述第四上行授权所分配的资源小于一个物理资源块；其中，按照所述第一查询方式确定的最大传输块大小TBS小于按照所述第二查询方式确定的最大TBS。
可选地，所述终端的物理随机接入信道采用第一模式时，所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十三方式或第十四方式传输数据，其中，所述第十三方式是第一上行授权，所述第十四方式是第二上行授权；和/或，
所述终端的物理随机接入信道采用第二模式时，所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十五方式或第十六方式传输数据，其中，所述第十五方式是第三上行授权，所述第 十六方式是第四上行授权；
其中，所述第一模式是覆盖增强等级0、覆盖增强等级1、覆盖增强模式A中的一种或多种，所述第二模式是覆盖增强等级2、覆盖增强等级3、覆盖增强模式B中的一种或多种。
可选地，所述第一上行信息是所述MAC PDU中的一个MAC RAR所关联的上行信息；或者，
所述第一上行信息由物理上行共享信道承载，且所述第一上行信息是MAC RAR后的第一个上行信息；或者，
所述第一上行信息是随机接入过程中的消息3；或者，
所述第一上行信息是随机接入过程中的消息3和随机接入过程中的竞争解决消息之间的上行信息；或者，
所述第一上行信息是随机接入过程中的随机接入响应消息和竞争解决消息之间的上行信息。
本申请第二方面提供一种数据传输方法，包括：
终端向基站发送随机接入前导序列；
所述终端接收所述基站根据所述随机接入前导序列发送的媒体接入控制MAC分组数据单元PDU；
所述MAC PDU中包含类型指示字段，所述类型指示字段用于指示所述终端在第一上行信息中传输数据的方式。
上述方案中，在随机接入过程中，终端需要向基站发送随机接入前导序列，基站根据接收到的随机接入前导序列，向终端返回随机接入响应(Random Access Response；RAR)。如果基站在同一时间内接收到多个终端发送的随机接入前导序列时，则将向终端返回MAC PDU，以同时对多个终端发送的随机接入前导序列进行响应，其中，每个随机接入前导序列的响应对应MAC PDU中的一个MAC RAR。该MAC PDU中将携带有类型指示字段，以指示终端在第一上行信息中传输数据的方式。
在本方案中，通过类型指示字段指示终端在随机接入过程中的第一上行信息中传输数据的方式，或者可以指示较现有传输块大小更大的传输块，或者资源分配的粒度比现有技术中小，使得资源分配更加灵活，从而使随机接入过程中发送的用户数据时延降低，数据块更大，资源分配更灵活。
可选地，所述类型指示字段位于所述MAC PDU的MAC随机接入响应RAR中。
可选地，所述类型指示字段位于所述MAC PDU的MAC头中。
可选地，所述类型指示字段包含一个比特，且所述类型指示字段包含的比特是所述MAC RAR中的第一个比特；或，
所述类型指示字段包含的比特是所述MAC RAR中的第1、28、29、30、31或32个比特中的至少一个比特。
在上述方案中，MAC RAR中包含预留比特，可以将MAC RAR中的预留比特作为类型指示字段，以指示终端可以在第一上行信息中传输数据的方式，这样，在不增加MAC PDU开销的情况下，达到了对终端进行指示的目的，由此可以减小网络的信令开销。
可选地，所述MAC PDU中的一个MAC RAR对应所述MAC PDU的MAC头中的一个子头，且所述子头包含8个比特，所述子头为所述MAC头中的第m个子头，m是大于或等于2的正整数；所述子头中的第一个比特是扩展字段，所述子头中的第二个比特为所述类型指示字段，所述子头的第三个比特至第八个比特用于指示随机接入前导标识。
可选地，所述MAC PDU的MAC头中包括L个第一子头，且每个所述第一子头包括n个所述类型指示字段，每个类型指示字段对应所述MAC PDU中的一个MAC RAR，其中n是正整数，L是大于或等于1的正整数。
可选地，所述L个第一子头是所述MAC头中的最后L个子头，且所述L个第一子头中不包括所述MAC头中的第一个子头；或者
所述L个第一子头是所述MAC头中除第一个子头外的前L个子头。
可选地，每个所述第一子头中均包含8个比特，且每个所述第一子头的第一个比特是扩展字段，第二个比特是类型字段；所述类型字段用于指示所述第一子头中的第3～8比特被配置为所述类型指示字段；
所述子头的类型字段被设置成0，则所述子头的第三个比特至第八个比特中的每个比特都分别对应一个类型指示字段。
可选地，所述第一子头中的第x个所述类型指示字段对应所述MAC PDU中的第x个MAC RAR,其中x是正整数。
在上述方案中，通过MAC头中的第一子头的字段来指示终端在第一上行信息中传输数据的方式，使得指示终端的方式更简单。
可选地，当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第一方式传输数据，所述第一方式为第一上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第二方式传输数据，所述第二方式为第二上行授权，其中，所述第一上行授权包含的比特数与所述第二上行授权包含的比特数相同；或者，
当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第三方式传输数据，所述第三方式为第三上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第四方式传输数据，所述第四方式为第四上行授权，其中，所述第三上行授权包含的比特数与所述第四上行授权包含的比特数相同；或者，
当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第五方式传输数据，所述第五方式为第二上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第六方式传输数据，所述第六方式为第四上行授权，其中，所述第二上行授权包含的比特数与所述第四上行授权包含的比特数相同；
其中，所述第一上行授权指示所述终端按照第一查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小；所述第二上行授权指示所述终端按照第二查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小；所述第三上行授权指示所述终端以物理资源块为单位进行资源分配，且所述第三上行授权所分配的资源大于或者等于一个物理资源块；所述第四上行 授权所分配的资源小于一个物理资源块；其中，按照所述第一查询方式确定的最大传输块大小TBS小于按照所述第二查询方式确定的最大TBS。
可选地，当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第七方式传输数据，所述第七方式为第一上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第八方式传输数据，所述第八方式是第二上行授权，其中，所述第一上行授权包含的比特数与所述第二上行授权包含的比特数相同；或者，
当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第九方式传输数据，所述第九方式为第三上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十方式传输数据，所述第十方式为第四上行授权，其中，所述第三上行授权包含的比特数与所述第四上行授权包含的比特数相同；或者，
当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十一方式传输数据，所述第十一方式为第二上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十二方式传输数据，所述第十二方式为第四上行授权，其中，所述第二上行授权包含的比特数与所述第四上行授权包含的比特数相同；
其中，所述第一上行授权指示所述终端按照第一查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小；所述第二上行授权指示所述终端按照第二查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小；所述第三上行授权指示所述终端以物理资源块为单位进行资源分配，且所述第三上行授权所分配的资源大于或者等于一个物理资源块；所述第四上行授权所分配的资源小于一个物理资源块；其中，按照所述第一查询方式确定的最大传输块大小TBS小于按照所述第二查询方式确定的最大TBS。
可选地，所述终端的物理随机接入信道采用第一模式时，所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十三方式或第十四方式传输数据，其中，所述第十三方式是第一上行授权，所述第十四方式是第二上行授权；和/或，
所述终端的物理随机接入信道采用第二模式时，所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十五方式或第十六方式传输数据，其中，所述第十五方式是第三上行授权，所述第十六方式是第四上行授权；
其中，所述第一模式是覆盖增强等级0、覆盖增强等级1、覆盖增强模式A中的一种或多种，所述第二模式是覆盖增强等级2、覆盖增强等级3、覆盖增强模式B中的一种或多种。
可选地，所述第一上行信息是所述MAC PDU中的一个MAC RAR所关联的上行信息；或者，
所述第一上行信息由物理上行共享信道承载，且所述第一上行信息是MAC RAR后的第一个上行信息；或者，
所述第一上行信息是随机接入过程中的消息3；或者，
所述第一上行信息是随机接入过程中的消息3和随机接入过程中的竞争解决消息之间的上行信息；或者，
所述第一上行信息是随机接入过程中的随机接入响应消息和竞争解决消息之间的上行信息。
本申请第三方面提供一种数据传输装置，包括处理器和存储器，
所述存储器用于存储指令，所述处理器用于执行所述存储器存储的指令，当处理器执行所述存储器存储的指令时，所述装置用于执行如第一方面所述的方法。
本申请第四方面提供一种数据传输装置，包括处理器和存储器，
所述存储器用于存储指令，所述处理器用于执行所述存储器存储的指令，当处理器执行所述存储器存储的指令时，所述装置用于执行第二方面所述的方法。
本申请第五方面提供一种数据传输装置，包括用于执行以上第一方面的方法的至少一个处理元件(或芯片)。
本申请第六方面提供一种数据传输装置，包括用于执行以上第二方面的方法的至少一个处理元件(或芯片)。
本申请第七方面提供一种程序，该程序在被处理器执行时用于执行以上第一方面的方法。
本申请第八方面提供一种程序产品，例如计算机可读存储介质，包括第七方面的程序。
本申请第九方面提供一种程序，该程序在被处理器执行时用于执行以上第二方面的方法。
本申请第十方面提供一种程序产品，例如计算机可读存储介质，包括第九方面的程序。
本申请第十一方面提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面的方法。
本申请第十二方面提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第二方面的方法。
本申请实施例提供的数据传输方法和装置，基站通过接收终端发送的随机接入前导序列，并根据随机接入前导序列向终端发送MAC PDU，其中，该MAC PDU中包含类型指示字段，该类型指示字段用于指示终端在第一上行信息中传输数据的方式，或者可以指示较现有传输块大小更大的传输块，或者资源分配的粒度比现有技术中小，使得资源分配更加灵活，从而使随机接入过程中发送的用户数据时延降低，数据块更大，资源分配更灵活。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的数据传输方法的系统架构图；
图2为本申请数据传输方法实施例一的信令流程图；
图3为MAC PDU的结构示意图；
图4为MAC RAR的一结构示意图；
图5为覆盖等级A的BL/CE UE的Type 0的资源指示图；
图6为MAC RAR的另一结构示意图；
图7为MAC RAR的又一结构示意图；
图8为子头的结构示意图；
图9为第一子头的结构示意图；
图10为本申请数据传输装置实施例一的结构示意图；
图11为本申请数据传输装置实施例二的结构示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的一种基站的结构示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的一种终端的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下，对本申请中的部分用语进行解释说明，以便于本领域技术人员理解。
1)、终端，又称之为用户设备(User Equipment，UE)，是一种向用户提供语音和/或数据连通性的设备，例如，具有无线连接功能的手持式设备、车载设备等。常见的终端例如包括：手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、掌上电脑、移动互联网设备(mobile internet device，MID)、可穿戴设备，例如智能手表、智能手环、计步器等。
2)、基站，又称为无线接入网(Radio Access Network，RAN)设备是一种将终端接入到无线网络的设备，包括但不限于：演进型节点B(evolved Node B，eNB)、无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(Node B，NB)、基站控制器(Base Station Controller，BSC)、基站收发台(Base Transceiver Station,BTS)、家庭基站(例如，Home evolved NodeB，或Home Node B，HNB)、基带单元(BaseBand Unit，BBU)。此外，还可以包括Wifi接入点(Access Point，AP)等。
3)、“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
本文中描述的技术可用于各种通信系统，例如3G和4G通信系统和下一代通信系统，例如全球移动通信系统(Global System for Mobile communications；GSM)，码分多址(Code Division Multiple Access；CDMA)系统，时分多址(Time Division Multiple Access；TDMA)系统，宽带码分多址(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access Wireless；WCDMA)，频分多址(Frequency Division Multiple Addressing；FDMA)系统，正交频分多址(Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access；OFDMA)系统，单载波FDMA(SC-FDMA)系统，通用分组无线业务(General Packet Radio Service；GPRS)系统，长期演进(Long Term Evolution；LTE)系统，高级的长期演进(LTE Advanced；LTE-A)系统，以及其他此类通信系统。其中，只要该通信系统中存在实体需要指示与另一个实体通信时，另一个实体需要通过某种方式解读提前数据传输即可。
图1为本申请实施例提供的数据传输方法的系统架构图。如图1所示，该系统中包括基站20和终端10，其中，终端可以包括个人通信业务(PCS，Personal Communication Service)电话、会话发起协议(SIP)话机、无线本地环路(WLL，Wireless Local Loop)站、个人数字助理(PDA，Personal Digital Assistant)或接入终端(Access Terminal)等设备，在该通信系统中，终端10将向基站20发送随机接入前导序列，基站20在接收到随机接入前导序列后，会向终端发送媒体接入控制 (Medium Access Control；MAC)分组数据单元(Protocol Data Units；PDU)，其中，该MAC PDU中包含类型指示字段，该类型指示字段用于指示终端在第一上行信息中传输数据的方式，终端将根据类型指示字段指示的方式在第一上行信息中传输数据。其中，通过类型指示字段指示终端在第一上行信息中传输数据的方式，或者可以指示的最大的传输块的大小更大，或者资源分配的粒度比现有技术中小，使得资源分配更加灵活。
下面以具体的实施例对本申请的技术方案进行详细说明。下面这几个具体的实施例可以相互结合，对于相同或相似的概念或过程可能在某些实施例不再赘述。
图2为本申请数据传输方法实施例一的信令流程图。本申请实施例提供了一种数据传输方法，该方法可以由任意执行数据传输方法的装置来执行，该装置可以通过软件和/或硬件实现。本实施例中，该装置可以集成在基站中。如图2所示，本实施例的方法可以包括：
步骤201、终端向基站发送随机接入前导序列。
步骤202、基站根据随机接入前导序列向终端发送MAC PDU。
其中，MAC PDU中包含类型指示字段，该类型指示字段用于指示终端在第一上行信息中传输数据的方式。
具体地，在随机接入过程中，终端需要向基站发送随机接入前导序列，基站根据接收到的随机接入前导序列，向终端返回随机接入响应(Random Access Response；RAR)。如果基站在同一时间内接收到多个终端发送的随机接入前导序列时，则将向终端返回MAC PDU，以同时对多个终端发送的随机接入前导序列进行响应，其中，每个随机接入前导序列的响应对应MAC PDU中的一个MAC RAR。该MAC PDU中将携带有类型指示字段，以指示终端在第一上行信息中传输数据的方式。
可选地，第一上行信息是MAC PDU中的一个MAC RAR所关联的上行信息，其为随机接入过程中的某个信息。具体地，第一上行信息由物理上行共享信道承载，且第一上行信息是MAC RAR后的第一个上行信息；或者，第一上行信息是随机接入过程中的消息3；或者，第一上行信息是随机接入过程中的消息3和随机接入过程中的竞争解决消息之间的上行信息；或者，第一上行信息是随机接入过程中的随机接入响应消息和竞争解决消息之间的上行信息。
图3为MAC PDU的结构示意图，如图3所示，MAC PDU中包括一个MAC头部、0个或多个MAC RAR以及可选的填充部分，其中，MAC RAR为MAC的有效载荷部分。在图3所示的MAC PDU的结构的基础上，前述类型指示字段在MAC PDU中的位置可以包括如下两种：
第一种：类型指示字段位于MAC PDU的MAC RAR中。
具体地，图4为MAC RAR的一结构示意图，如图4所示，MAC RAR的第一个八位字节(Oct1)中包括R和时间提前命令(Timing Advance Command)、第二个八位字节(Oct2)中包括Timing Advance Command和上行调度授权(UL Grant)、第三个八位字节(Oct3)和第四个八位字节(Oct4)中包括UL Grant，第五个八位字节(Oct5)和第六个八位字节(Oct6)中包括临时无线网络标识(Temporary C-RNTI)字段。其中，R为预留位，通常置为"0"；Timing Advance Command指示定时提前值的索引值 TA(0,1,2…1282)，其用于控制定时调整量，Timing Advance Command占用11个bits；UL Grant指示用于上行传输的资源；Temporary C-RNTI指示临时的无线网络临时标识。
当类型指示字段位于MAC RAR中时，如图4所示，由于MAC RAR中Oct1的第一个比特为预留比特，因此，该类型指示字段将包含一个比特，且类型指示字段包含的比特是MAC RAR中的第一个比特，即图4中的预留比特R。例如：当预留比特R置为1时，即类型指示字段的值为1时，将指示终端可以在第一上行信息中按照第一方式传输数据，其中，第一方式为第一上行授权，第一上行授权指示终端按照第一查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小。当类型指示字段为0时，则类型指示字段指示终端在第一上行信息中按照第二方式传输数据，第二方式为第二上行授权，第二上行授权指示终端按照第二查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小。其中，终端按照第一查询方式确定的最大传输块大小TBS小于按照第二查询方式确定的最大TBS。另外，第一上行授权和第二上行授权占用的比特数可以相同，也可以不同，第二上行授权是对第一上行授权中某个或者某些字段的重新解读获取的授权信息，这些字段用于指示MCS或者TBS的取值。
下面，对第一查询方式进行详细说明，表1示出了上行授权字段的结构：
表1
Figure PCTCN2017095072-appb-000001
其中，Type 0上行资源分配方式只适用于配置了覆盖等级A的BL/CE UE。Type0上行资源分配方式的资源指示的值是通过下面来定义的：
如果
Figure PCTCN2017095072-appb-000002
否则
Figure PCTCN2017095072-appb-000003
其中
Figure PCTCN2017095072-appb-000004
RBSTART表示起始资源块，LCRBs≥1表示分配的资源块的长度。RIV是资源分配字段包含的资源指示值。
图5为覆盖等级A的BL/CE UE的Type 0的资源指示图，如图5所示，图5中第一至第三行为可能的资源指示值(resource indication value；RIV)取值，可能的物理资源块(physical resource block；PRB)分配个数为1、2、3或6个。
根据表1，现有CE Mmode A时，Msg3PUSCH资源分配字段包含4比特，仅能指示RIV从0到15，对应的分配的PRB的个数为1、2、3、6。缩短的MCS指示字段包含3比特，对应的调制编码方案(modulation coding scheme；MCS)索引为0至7中值。表2示出了现有的CE Mmode A时Msg3的TBS。
表2
Figure PCTCN2017095072-appb-000005
Type 2上行资源分配方式只适用于配置了覆盖等级B的BL/CE UE。,
表3示出了资源指示字段：
表3
Figure PCTCN2017095072-appb-000006
现有的CE Mode B,资源分配字段包含3个比特,但只指示3和6个PRB两种情况。缩短的TBS索引指示字段包含2比特，指示TBS索引从0到3。表4示出了现有的CE Mmode B时Msg3的TBS。
表4
Figure PCTCN2017095072-appb-000007
根据表3和表4，现有的Msg 3最大可支持的TBS对于Mode A和Mode B分别为712bit和328bit。终端根据MAC RAR中上行授权字段里的Msg3PUSCH资源配置信息确定NPRB，根据MAC RAR中上行授权字段里的TBS或者MCS信息确定ITBS，然后根据NPRB和ITBS查表2或者表4确定传输块大小即第一查询方式，确定出的最大TBS对于Mode A和Mode B分别为712bit和328bit。
下面，将对第二查询方式进行详细说明：
将上述表2和表4中的值做如下改变，其中，表5示出了改变后的CE Mode A时Msg3的TBS。
表5
Figure PCTCN2017095072-appb-000008
表6示出了改变后的CE Mode B时Msg3的TBS。
表6
Figure PCTCN2017095072-appb-000009
终端根据MAC RAR中上行授权字段里的Msg3PUSCH资源配置信息确定NPRB，根据MAC RAR中上行授权字段里的TBS或者MCS信息确定ITBS，然后根据NPRB和ITBS查表5或者表6确定传输块大小即第二查询方式，确定出的最大TBS对于Mode A和Mode B分别为912bit和828bit。
此时，CE Mode A和CE Mode B能支持的最大TBsize分别为912和828。
另外，图6为MAC RAR的另一结构示意图，如图6所示，对于覆盖等级为2/3的终端和覆盖增强的终端，此时，MAC RAR的第一个八位字节(Oct1)中包括R和时间提前命令(Timing Advance Command)、第二个八位字节(Oct2)中包括Timing Advance Command和上行调度授权(UL Grant)、第三个八位字节(Oct3)中包括UL Grant，第四个八位字节(Oct4)和第五个八位字节(Oct5)中包括临时无线网络标识(Temporary C-RNTI)字段，其中，R为预留位，通常置为"0"；Timing Advance Command指示定时提前值的索引值TA(0,1,2…1282)，其用于控制定时调整量，Timing Advance  Command占用11个bits；UL Grant指示用于上行传输的资源；Temporary C-RNTI指示临时的无线网络临时标识。
和图1中类似，当类型指示字段位于MAC RAR中时，如图6所示，由于MAC RAR中的第一个比特为预留比特，因此，该类型指示字段将包含一个比特，且类型指示字段包含的比特是MAC RAR中的第一个比特，即图6中的预留比特R。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当预留比特R置为1时，即类型指示字段的值为1时，将指示终端在第一上行信息中按照第一方式传输数据，第一方式为第一上行授权；当类型指示字段为0时，则类型指示字段指示终端在第一上行信息中按照第二方式传输数据，第二方式为第二上行授权。其中，第一上行授权和第二上行授权与类型指示字段位于Oct1的第一个比特中类似，此处不再赘述。另外，第一上行授权和第二上行授权占用的比特数可以相同，也可以不同，第二上行授权是对第一上行授权中某个或者某些字段的重新解读获取的授权信息，这些字段用于指示MCS或者TBS的取值。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第三方式传输数据，所述第三方式为第三上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第四方式传输数据，所述第四方式为第四上行授权，其中，所述第三上行授权指示所述终端以物理资源块为单位进行资源分配，且所述第三上行授权所分配的资源大于或者等于一个物理资源块；所述第四上行授权所分配的资源小于一个物理资源块。另外，第三上行授权和第四上行授权占用的比特数可以相同，也可以不同，第三上行授权是对第四上行授权中某个或者某些字段的重新解读获取的授权信息，这些字段用于指示资源分配信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第五方式传输数据，所述第五方式为第二上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第六方式传输数据，所述第六方式为第四上行授权；其中，所述第二上行授权指示所述终端按照第二查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小；所述第四上行授权所分配的资源小于一个物理资源块。
另外，图7为MAC RAR的又一结构示意图，如图7所示，对于窄带物联网终端，MAC RAR的第一个八位字节(Oct1)中包括预留比特R和时间提前命令(Timing Advance Command)、第二个八位字节(Oct2)中包括Timing Advance Command和上行调度授权(UL Grant)、第三个八位字节(Oct3)中包括UL Grant，第四个八位字节(Oct4)中包括UL Grant和预留比特R，第五个八位字节(Oct5)和第六个八位字节(Oct6)中包括临时无线网络标识(Temporary C-RNTI)字段。其中，R为预留位，通常置为"0"；Timing Advance Command指示定时提前值的索引值TA(0,1,2…1282)，其用于控制定时调整量，Timing Advance Command占用11个bits；UL Grant指示用于上行传输的资源；Temporary C-RNTI指示临时的无线网络临时标识。
当类型指示字段位于MAC RAR中时，如图7所示，由于MAC RAR中的Oct1以及Oct 4中均存在预留比特R，因此，该类型指示字段包含的比特可以是MAC RAR中的第一个比特，也可以是MAC RAR中的第1、28、29、30、31或32个比特中的至 少一个比特，即图7中Oct1或Oct 4中的预留比特R。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当类型指示字段包含的比特为MAC RAR中的第一个比特时，当Oct1中的R置为1，或当Oct4中的R置为1时，将指示终端在第一上行信息中按照第一方式传输数据，第一方式为第一上行授权；当类型指示字段为0时，则类型指示字段指示终端在第一上行信息中按照第二方式传输数据，第二方式为第二上行授权。另外，第一上行授权和第二上行授权占用的比特数可以相同，也可以不同，第二上行授权是对第一上行授权中某个或者某些字段的重新解读获取的授权信息，这些字段用于指示MCS或者TBS的取值。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第三方式传输数据，所述第三方式为第三上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第四方式传输数据，所述第四方式为第四上行授权，其中，所述第三上行授权指示所述终端以物理资源块为单位进行资源分配，且所述第三上行授权所分配的资源大于或者等于一个物理资源块；所述第四上行授权所分配的资源小于一个物理资源块。另外，第三上行授权和第四上行授权占用的比特数可以相同，也可以不同，第三上行授权是对第四上行授权中某个或者某些字段的重新解读获取的授权信息，这些字段用于指示资源分配信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第五方式传输数据，所述第五方式为第二上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第六方式传输数据，所述第六方式为第四上行授权；其中，所述第二上行授权指示所述终端按照第二查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小；所述第四上行授权所分配的资源小于一个物理资源块。
在本实施例中，将MAC RAR中的预留比特作为类型指示字段，以指示终端在第一上行信息中传输数据的方式，这样，在不增加MAC PDU开销的情况下，达到了对终端进行指示的目的，由此可以减小网络的信令开销。
第二种：类型指示字段位于MAC PDU的MAC头中。
在一种可选的实施方式中，继续参照图3所示，MAC PDU中的一个MAC RAR对应MAC PDU的MAC头中的一个子头，如MAC RAR1对应子头1，MAC RAR2对应子头2等等。图8为子头的结构示意图，如图8所示，该子头可以为MAC头中的第m个子头，m是大于或等于2的正整数，其中，该子头中包含8个比特，子头中的第一个比特E是扩展字段，子头中的第二个比特T为类型指示字段，子头的第三个比特至第八个比特RAPID用于指示随机接入前导标识。
其中，扩展字段E用于指示MAC头部中是否包含更多的子头，例如：若“E”置为“1”，则指示该子头后面至少还有另外一个子头，如果“E”置为“0”指示该子头后面的字节是MAC RAR或者填充内容。RAPID用于指示或者确定随机接入序列，其中，RAPID占用6bits。类型指示字段T则用于指示终端在第一上行信息中传输数据的方式。
在一种可选的实施方式中，当类型指示字段T置为0时，则类型指示字段指示终端在第一上行信息中按照第七方式传输数据，第七方式为第一上行授权；当类型指示 字段为1时，则类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第八方式传输数据，第八方式是第二上行授权，其中，所述第一上行授权包含的比特数与所述第二上行授权包含的比特数相同。其中，第一上行授权指示终端按照第一查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小，第二上行授权指示终端按照第二查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小，按照所述第一查询方式确定的最大传输块大小TBS小于按照所述第二查询方式确定的最大TBS。另外，第一上行授权和第二上行授权占用的比特数可以相同，也可以不同，第二上行授权是对第一上行授权中某个或者某些字段的重新解读获取的授权信息，这些字段用于指示MCS或者TBS的取值。
在一种可选的实施方式中，当类型指示字段为0时，则类型指示字段指示终端在第一上行信息中按照第九方式传输数据，第九方式为第三上行授权；当类型指示字段为1时，则类型指示字段指示终端在第一上行信息中按照第十方式传输数据，第十方式为第四上行授权，其中，第三上行授权包含的比特数与所述第四上行授权包含的比特数相同。其中，第三上行授权指示终端以物理资源块为单位进行资源分配，且第三上行授权所分配的资源大于或者等于一个物理资源块；第四上行授权所分配的资源小于一个物理资源块。另外，第三上行授权和第四上行授权占用的比特数可以相同，也可以不同，第三上行授权是对第四上行授权中某个或者某些字段的重新解读获取的授权信息，这些字段用于指示资源分配信息。
在一种可选的实施方式中，当类型指示字段为0时，则类型指示字段指示终端在第一上行信息中按照第十一方式传输数据，第十一方式为第二上行授权；当类型指示字段为1时，则类型指示字段指示终端在第一上行信息中按照第十二方式传输数据，第十二方式为第四上行授权，其中，第二上行授权包含的比特数与第四上行授权包含的比特数相同。其中，第二上行授权指示所述终端按照第二查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小，第四上行授权所分配的资源小于一个物理资源块。
在另一种可选的实施方式中，MAC PDU的MAC头中包括L个第一子头，且每个第一子头包括n个类型指示字段，每个类型指示字段对应MAC PDU中的一个MAC RAR，其中n是正整数，L是大于或等于1的正整数。
具体地，图9为第一子头的结构示意图，如图9所示，针对每个第一子头，其包括n个类型指示字段，每个类型指示字段对应MAC PDU中的一个MAC RAR，如D1对应MAC RAR1、D2对应MAC RAR2等等。
如图9所示，其中，扩展字段E用于指示MAC头部中是否包含更多的子头，例如：若“E”置为“1”，则指示该子头后面至少还有另外一个子头，如果“E”置为“0”指示该子头后面的字节是MAC RAR或者填充内容，类型字段T用于指示第一子头中的第3-8比特被配置为类型指示字段。可以利用第一子头中的D1-Dn作为类型指示字段，这n个类型指示字段指示终端在第一上行信息中传输数据的方式。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当D1被置为1时，将指示终端在第一上行信息中按照第一方式传输数据，所述第一方式为第一上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第二方式传输数据，所述第二方式为第二上行授权。另外，第一上行授权和第二上行授权占用的比特数可以相同， 也可以不同，第二上行授权是对第一上行授权中某个或者某些字段的重新解读获取的授权信息，这些字段用于指示MCS或者TBS的取值。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第三方式传输数据，所述第三方式为第三上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第四方式传输数据，所述第四方式为第四上行授权。另外，第三上行授权和第四上行授权占用的比特数可以相同，也可以不同，第三上行授权是对第四上行授权中某个或者某些字段的重新解读获取的授权信息，这些字段用于指示资源分配信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第五方式传输数据，所述第五方式为第二上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第六方式传输数据，所述第六方式为第四上行授权。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第七方式传输数据，所述第七方式为第一上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第八方式传输数据，所述第八方式是第二上行授权。另外，第一上行授权和第二上行授权占用的比特数可以相同，也可以不同，第二上行授权是对第一上行授权中某个或者某些字段的重新解读获取的授权信息，这些字段用于指示MCS或者TBS的取值。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第九方式传输数据，所述第九方式为第三上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十方式传输数据，所述第十方式为第四上行授权。另外，第三上行授权和第四上行授权占用的比特数可以相同，也可以不同，第三上行授权是对第四上行授权中某个或者某些字段的重新解读获取的授权信息，这些字段用于指示资源分配信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十一方式传输数据，所述第十一方式为第二上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十二方式传输数据，所述第十二方式为第四上行授权。
对于D2、D3…Dn的指示方式，与D1的指示方式类似，此处不再赘述。
可选地，如图9所示，每个第一子头中均包含8个比特，且每个第一子头的第一个比特是扩展字段E，第二个比特是类型字段T，所述类型字段T用于指示第一子头中的第3-8比特被配置为类型指示字段。
具体地，扩展字段E的作用与图8中扩展字段的作用类似，此处不再赘述。当子头的类型字段T被设置成0时，则子头的第三个比特至第八个比特中的每个比特都分别对应一个类型指示字段，即D1-Dn分别用于指示终端在第一上行信息中传输数据的方式。
另外，可选地，上述L个第一子头可以是MAC头中的最后L个子头，且L个第一子头中不包括MAC头中的第一个子头，或者，L个第一子头是MAC头中除第一个子头外的前L个子头。
由于MAC头中可能会包含一个backoff来指示子头，此时，包含backoff的子头为MAC头中的第一个子头，因此，L个第一子头可以是MAC头中的最后L个子头，且L个第一子头中将不会包括MAC头中的第一个子头，也可以是MAC头中除第一个子头外的前L个子头。
可选地，终端的物理随机接入信道采用第一模式时，终端在第一上行信息中按照第十三方式或第十四方式传输数据，其中，所述第十三方式是第一上行授权，第十四方式是第二上行授权；和/或，终端的物理随机接入信道采用第二模式时，终端在第一上行信息中按照第十五方式或第十六方式传输数据，其中，第十五方式是第三上行授权，第十六方式是第四上行授权；其中，第一模式是覆盖增强等级0、覆盖增强等级1、覆盖增强模式A中的一种或多种，第二模式是覆盖增强等级2、覆盖增强等级3、覆盖增强模式B中的一种或多种。
具体地，与前述类似，第一上行授权指示终端按照第一查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小；第二上行授权指示终端按照第二查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小；第三上行授权指示终端以物理资源块为单位进行资源分配，且第三上行授权所分配的资源大于或者等于一个物理资源块；第四上行授权所分配的资源小于一个物理资源块；其中，按照第一查询方式确定的最大传输块大小TBS小于按照第二查询方式确定的最大TBS。
可选地，第一子头中的第x个类型指示字段对应MAC PDU中的第x个MAC RAR,其中x是正整数。
举例来说，若MAC头中共有5个第一子头，由于每个第一子头的第一个比特和第二个比特分别为扩展字段和类型字段，这样，除了每个第一子头的第一个比特和第二个比特之外，共有30个比特对应30个类型指示字段，这30比特中的第1个比特将对应第1个MAC RAR，第2个比特将对应第2个MAC RAR等。
在本实施例中，通过MAC头中的第一子头的字段来指示终端在第一上行信息中传输数据的方式，使得指示终端的方式更简单。
本申请实施例提供的数据传输方法，基站接收终端发送的随机接入前导序列，并根据随机接入前导序列向终端发送MAC PDU，其中，该MAC PDU中包含类型指示字段，该类型指示字段用于指示终端在第一上行信息中传输数据的方式。由于可以通过MAC PDU中的类型指示字段来指示终端在第一上行信息中进行数据传输的方式，或者可以指示较现有传输块大小更大的传输块，或者资源分配的粒度比现有技术中小，使得资源分配更加灵活，从而使随机接入过程中发送的用户数据时延降低，数据块更大，资源分配更灵活。
图10为本申请数据传输装置实施例一的结构示意图，该装置可以位于基站，参见图10，该装置包括：接收单元11和发送单元12，其中：
接收单元11用于接收终端发送的随机接入前导序列；
发送单元12用于根据所述随机接入前导序列向所述终端发送媒体接入控制MAC分组数据单元PDU；所述MAC PDU中包含类型指示字段，所述类型指示字段用于指示所述终端在第一上行信息中传输数据的方式。
可选地，所述类型指示字段位于所述MAC PDU的MAC随机接入响应RAR中。
可选地，所述类型指示字段位于所述MAC PDU的MAC头中。
可选地，所述类型指示字段包含一个比特，且所述类型指示字段包含的比特是所述MAC RAR中的第一个比特；或，
所述类型指示字段包含的比特是所述MAC RAR中的第1、28、29、30、31或32个比特中的至少一个比特。
可选地，所述MAC PDU中的一个MAC RAR对应所述MAC PDU的MAC头中的一个子头，且所述子头包含8个比特，所述子头为所述MAC头中的第m个子头，m是大于或等于2的正整数；所述子头中的第一个比特是扩展字段，所述子头中的第二个比特为所述类型指示字段，所述子头的第三个比特至第八个比特用于指示随机接入前导标识。
可选地，所述MAC PDU的MAC头中包括L个第一子头，且每个所述第一子头包括n个所述类型指示字段，每个类型指示字段对应所述MAC PDU中的一个MAC RAR，其中n是正整数，L是大于或等于1的正整数。
可选地，所述L个第一子头是所述MAC头中的最后L个子头，且所述L个第一子头中不包括所述MAC头中的第一个子头；或者
所述L个第一子头是所述MAC头中除第一个子头外的前L个子头。
可选地，每个所述第一子头中均包含8个比特，且每个所述第一子头的第一个比特是扩展字段，第二个比特是类型字段；所述类型字段用于指示所述第一子头中的第3～8比特被配置为所述类型指示字段；
所述子头的类型字段被设置成0，则所述子头的第三个比特至第八个比特中的每个比特都分别对应一个类型指示字段。
可选地，所述第一子头中的第x个所述类型指示字段对应所述MAC PDU中的第x个MAC RAR,其中x是正整数。
可选地，当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第一方式传输数据，所述第一方式为第一上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第二方式传输数据，所述第二方式为第二上行授权；或者，
当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第三方式传输数据，所述第三方式为第三上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第四方式传输数据，所述第四方式为第四上行授权；或者，
当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第五方式传输数据，所述第五方式为第二上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第六方式传输数据，所述第六方式为第四上行授权；
其中，所述第一上行授权指示所述终端按照第一查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小；所述第二上行授权指示所述终端按照第二查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小；所述第三上行授权指示所述终端以物理资源块为单位进行资源分 配，且所述第三上行授权所分配的资源大于或者等于一个物理资源块；所述第四上行授权所分配的资源小于一个物理资源块；其中，按照所述第一查询方式确定的最大传输块大小TBS小于按照所述第二查询方式确定的最大TBS。
可选地，当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第七方式传输数据，所述第七方式为第一上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第八方式传输数据，所述第八方式是第二上行授权；或者，
当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第九方式传输数据，所述第九方式为第三上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十方式传输数据，所述第十方式为第四上行授权；或者，
当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十一方式传输数据，所述第十一方式为第二上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十二方式传输数据，所述第十二方式为第四上行授权；
其中，所述第一上行授权指示所述终端按照第一查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小；所述第二上行授权指示所述终端按照第二查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小；所述第三上行授权指示所述终端以物理资源块为单位进行资源分配，且所述第三上行授权所分配的资源大于或者等于一个物理资源块；所述第四上行授权所分配的资源小于一个物理资源块；其中，按照所述第一查询方式确定的最大传输块大小TBS小于按照所述第二查询方式确定的最大TBS。
可选地，所述终端的物理随机接入信道采用第一模式时，所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十三方式或第十四方式传输数据，其中，所述第十三方式是第一上行授权，所述第十四方式是第二上行授权；和/或，
所述终端的物理随机接入信道采用第二模式时，所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十五方式或第十六方式传输数据，其中，所述第十五方式是第三上行授权，所述第十六方式是第四上行授权；
其中，所述第一模式是覆盖增强等级0、覆盖增强等级1、覆盖增强模式A中的一种或多种，所述第二模式是覆盖增强等级2、覆盖增强等级3、覆盖增强模式B中的一种或多种。
可选地，所述第一上行信息是所述MAC PDU中的一个MAC RAR所关联的上行信息；或者，
所述第一上行信息由物理上行共享信道承载，且所述第一上行信息是MAC RAR后的第一个上行信息；或者，
所述第一上行信息是随机接入过程中的消息3；或者，
所述第一上行信息是随机接入过程中的消息3和随机接入过程中的竞争解决消息之间的上行信息；或者，
所述第一上行信息是随机接入过程中的随机接入响应消息和竞争解决消息之间的上行信息。
上述装置可用于执行上述对应方法实施例提供的方法，具体实现方式和技术效果类似，这里不再赘述。
需要说明的是，应理解以上数据传输装置的各个单元的划分仅仅是一种逻辑功能的划分，实际实现时可以全部或部分集成到一个物理实体上，也可以物理上分开。且这些单元可以全部以软件通过处理元件调用的形式实现；也可以全部以硬件的形式实现；还可以部分单元通过软件通过处理元件调用的形式实现，部分单元通过硬件的形式实现。例如，发送单元可以为单独设立的处理元件，也可以集成在基站的某一个芯片中实现，此外，也可以以程序的形式存储于基站的存储器中，由基站的某一个处理元件调用并执行该发送单元的功能。其它单元的实现与之类似。此外这些单元全部或部分可以集成在一起，也可以独立实现。这里所述的处理元件可以是一种集成电路，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤或以上各个单元可以通过处理器元件中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。此外，以上发送单元是一种控制发送的单元，可以通过基站的发送装置，例如天线和射频装置接收终端发送的信息。
以上这些单元可以是被配置成实施以上方法的一个或多个集成电路，例如：一个或多个特定集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)，或，一个或多个微处理器(digital singnal processor，DSP)，或，一个或者多个现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)等。再如，当以上某个单元通过处理元件调度程序的形式实现时，该处理元件可以是通用处理器，例如中央处理器(Central Processing Unit，CPU)或其它可以调用程序的处理器。再如，这些单元可以集成在一起，以片上系统(system-on-a-chip，SOC)的形式实现。
图11为本申请数据传输装置实施例二的结构示意图，该装置可以位于终端，参见图11，该装置包括：发送单元21和接收单元22，其中：
发送单元21用于向基站发送随机接入前导序列；
接收单元22用于接收所述基站根据所述随机接入前导序列发送的媒体接入控制MAC分组数据单元PDU；所述MAC PDU中包含类型指示字段，所述类型指示字段用于指示所述终端在第一上行信息中传输数据的方式。
可选地，所述类型指示字段位于所述MAC PDU的MAC随机接入响应RAR中。
可选地，所述类型指示字段位于所述MAC PDU的MAC头中。
可选地，所述类型指示字段包含一个比特，且所述类型指示字段包含的比特是所述MAC RAR中的第一个比特；或，
所述类型指示字段包含的比特是所述MAC RAR中的第1、28、29、30、31或32个比特中的至少一个比特。
可选地，所述MAC PDU中的一个MAC RAR对应所述MAC PDU的MAC头中的一个子头，且所述子头包含8个比特，所述子头为所述MAC头中的第m个子头，m是大于或等于2的正整数；所述子头中的第一个比特是扩展字段，所述子头中的第二个比特为所述类型指示字段，所述子头的第三个比特至第八个比特用于指示随机接入前导标识。
可选地，所述MAC PDU的MAC头中包括L个第一子头，且每个所述第一子头包括n个所述类型指示字段，每个类型指示字段对应所述MAC PDU中的一个MAC RAR，其中n是正整数，L是大于或等于1的正整数。
可选地，所述L个第一子头是所述MAC头中的最后L个子头，且所述L个第一子头中不包括所述MAC头中的第一个子头；或者
所述L个第一子头是所述MAC头中除第一个子头外的前L个子头。
可选地，每个所述第一子头中均包含8个比特，且每个所述第一子头的第一个比特是扩展字段，第二个比特是类型字段；所述类型字段用于指示所述第一子头中的第3～8比特被配置为所述类型指示字段；
所述子头的类型字段被设置成0，则所述子头的第三个比特至第八个比特中的每个比特都分别对应一个类型指示字段。
可选地，所述第一子头中的第x个所述类型指示字段对应所述MAC PDU中的第x个MAC RAR,其中x是正整数。
可选地，当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第一方式传输数据，所述第一方式为第一上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第二方式传输数据，所述第二方式为第二上行授权；或者，
当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第三方式传输数据，所述第三方式为第三上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第四方式传输数据，所述第四方式为第四上行授权；或者，
当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第五方式传输数据，所述第五方式为第二上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第六方式传输数据，所述第六方式为第四上行授权；
其中，所述第一上行授权指示所述终端按照第一查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小；所述第二上行授权指示所述终端按照第二查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小；所述第三上行授权指示所述终端以物理资源块为单位进行资源分配，且所述第三上行授权所分配的资源大于或者等于一个物理资源块；所述第四上行授权所分配的资源小于一个物理资源块；其中，按照所述第一查询方式确定的最大传输块大小TBS小于按照所述第二查询方式确定的最大TBS。
可选地，当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第七方式传输数据，所述第七方式为第一上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第八方式传输数据，所述第八方式是第二上行授权；或者，
当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第九方式传输数据，所述第九方式为第三上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十方式传输数据，所述第十方式为第四上行授权；或者，
当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十一方式传输数据，所述第十一方式为第二上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十二方式传输数据，所述第十二方式为第四上行授权；
其中，所述第一上行授权指示所述终端按照第一查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小；所述第二上行授权指示所述终端按照第二查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小；所述第三上行授权指示所述终端以物理资源块为单位进行资源分配，且所述第三上行授权所分配的资源大于或者等于一个物理资源块；所述第四上行授权所分配的资源小于一个物理资源块；其中，按照所述第一查询方式确定的最大传输块大小TBS小于按照所述第二查询方式确定的最大TBS。
可选地，所述终端的物理随机接入信道采用第一模式时，所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十三方式或第十四方式传输数据，其中，所述第十三方式是第一上行授权，所述第十四方式是第二上行授权；和/或，
所述终端的物理随机接入信道采用第二模式时，所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十五方式或第十六方式传输数据，其中，所述第十五方式是第三上行授权，所述第十六方式是第四上行授权；
其中，所述第一模式是覆盖增强等级0、覆盖增强等级1、覆盖增强模式A中的一种或多种，所述第二模式是覆盖增强等级2、覆盖增强等级3、覆盖增强模式B中的一种或多种。
可选地，所述第一上行信息是所述MAC PDU中的一个MAC RAR所关联的上行信息；或者，
所述第一上行信息由物理上行共享信道承载，且所述第一上行信息是MAC RAR后的第一个上行信息；或者，
所述第一上行信息是随机接入过程中的消息3；或者，
所述第一上行信息是随机接入过程中的消息3和随机接入过程中的竞争解决消息之间的上行信息；或者，
所述第一上行信息是随机接入过程中的随机接入响应消息和竞争解决消息之间的上行信息。
上述装置可用于执行上述对应方法实施例提供的方法，具体实现方式和技术效果类似，这里不再赘述。
需要说明的是，应理解以上数据传输装置的各个单元的划分仅仅是一种逻辑功能的划分，实际实现时可以全部或部分集成到一个物理实体上，也可以物理上分开。且这些单元可以全部以软件通过处理元件调用的形式实现；也可以全部以硬件的形式实现；还可以部分单元通过软件通过处理元件调用的形式实现，部分单元通过硬件的形式实现。例如，发送单元可以为单独设立的处理元件，也可以集成在终端的某一个芯片中实现，此外，也可以以程序的形式存储于终端的存储器中，由终端的某一个处理元件调用并执行该发送单元的功能。其它单元的实现与之类似。此外这些单元全部或部分可以集成在一起，也可以独立实现。这里所述的处理元件可以是一种集成电路，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤或以上各个单元可以通过处 理器元件中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。此外，以上发送单元是一种控制发送的单元，可以通过终端的发送装置，例如天线和射频装置接收基站发送的信息。
以上这些单元可以是被配置成实施以上方法的一个或多个集成电路，例如：一个或多个特定集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)，或，一个或多个微处理器(digital singnal processor，DSP)，或，一个或者多个现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)等。再如，当以上某个单元通过处理元件调度程序的形式实现时，该处理元件可以是通用处理器，例如中央处理器(Central Processing Unit，CPU)或其它可以调用程序的处理器。再如，这些单元可以集成在一起，以片上系统(system-on-a-chip，SOC)的形式实现。
图12为本申请实施例提供的一种基站的结构示意图，参见图12，该基站包括：天线110、射频装置120、基带装置130。天线110与射频装置120连接。在上行方向上，射频装置120通过天线110接收终端发送的信息，将终端发送的信息发送给基带装置130进行处理。在下行方向上，基带装置130对终端的信息进行处理，并发送给射频装置120，射频装置120对终端的信息进行处理后经过天线110发送给终端。
以上数据传输装置可以位于基带装置130，在一种实现中，以上各个单元通过处理元件调度程序的形式实现，例如基带装置130包括处理元件131和存储元件132，处理元件131调用存储元件132存储的程序，以执行以上方法实施例中的方法。此外，该基带装置130还可以包括接口133，用于与射频装置120交互信息，该接口例如为通用公共无线接口(common public radio interface，CPRI)。
在另一种实现中，以上这些单元可以是被配置成实施以上方法的一个或多个处理元件，这些处理元件设置于基带装置130上，这里的处理元件可以为集成电路，例如：一个或多个ASIC，或，一个或多个DSP，或，一个或者多个FPGA等。这些集成电路可以集成在一起，构成芯片。
例如，以上各个单元可以集成在一起，以片上系统(system-on-a-chip，SOC)的形式实现，例如，基带装置130包括SOC芯片，所述芯片用于实现以上方法。该芯片内可以集成处理元件131和存储元件132，由处理元件131调用存储元件132的存储的程序的形式实现以上方法或以上各个单元的功能；或者，该芯片内可以集成至少一个集成电路，用于实现以上方法或以上各个单元的功能；或者，可以结合以上实现方式，部分单元的功能通过处理元件调用程序的形式实现，部分单元的功能通过集成电路的形式实现。
不管采用何种方式，总之，以上数据传输装置包括至少一个处理元件，存储元件和通信接口，其中至少一个处理元件用于执行以上方法实施例所提供的方法。处理元件可以以第一种方式：即执行存储元件存储的程序的方式执行以上方法实施例中的部分或全部步骤；也可以以第二种方式：即通过处理器元件中的硬件的集成逻辑电路结合指令的方式执行以上方法实施例中的部分或全部步骤；当然，也可以结合第一种方式和第二种方式执行以上方法实施例提供的方法。
这里的处理元件同以上描述，可以是通用处理器，例如中央处理器(Central  Processing Unit，CPU)，还可以是被配置成实施以上方法的一个或多个集成电路，例如：一个或多个特定集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)，或，一个或多个微处理器(digital singnal processor，DSP)，或，一个或者多个现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)等。
存储元件可以是一个存储器，也可以是多个存储元件的统称。
图13为本申请实施例提供的一种终端的结构示意图，参见图13，该终端包括：处理器110、存储器120、收发装置130。收发装置130可以与天线连接。在下行方向上，收发装置130通过天线接收基站发送的信息，并将信息发送给处理器110进行处理。在上行方向上，处理器110对终端的数据进行处理，并通过收发装置130发送给基站。
该存储器120用于存储实现以上方法实施例，或者图11所示实施例各个单元的程序，处理器110调用该程序，执行以上方法实施例的操作，以实现图11所示的各个单元。
或者，以上各个单元的部分或全部也可以通过集成电路的形式内嵌于该终端的某一个芯片上来实现。且它们可以单独实现，也可以集成在一起。即以上这些单元可以被配置成实施以上方法的一个或多个集成电路，例如：一个或多个特定集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)，或，一个或多个微处理器(digital singnal processor，DSP)，或，一个或者多个现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)等。
本申请还提供一种存储介质，包括：可读存储介质和计算机程序，所述计算机程序用于实现前述任一实施例提供的数据传输方法。
本申请还提供一种程序产品，该程序产品包括计算机程序(即执行指令)，该计算机程序存储在可读存储介质中。发送设备的至少一个处理器可以从可读存储介质读取该计算机程序，至少一个处理器执行该计算机程序使得发送设备实施前述各种实施方式提供的数据传输方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种通信装置，包括至少一个存储元件和至少一个处理元件、所述至少一个存储元件用于存储程序，该程序被执行时，使得所述数据传输装置执行上述任一实施例中的基站的操作。该装置可以是基站芯片。
实现上述各方法实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成。前述的程序可以存储于一可读取存储器中。该程序在执行时，执行包括上述各方法实施例的步骤；而前述的存储器(存储介质)包括：只读存储器(英文：read-only memory，缩写：ROM)、RAM、快闪存储器、硬盘、固态硬盘、磁带(英文：magnetic tape)、软盘(英文：floppy disk)、光盘(英文：optical disc)及其任意组合。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (28)

  1. 一种数据传输方法，其特征在于，包括：
    基站接收终端发送的随机接入前导序列；
    所述基站根据所述随机接入前导序列向所述终端发送媒体接入控制MAC分组数据单元PDU；所述MAC PDU中包含类型指示字段，所述类型指示字段用于指示所述终端在第一上行信息中传输数据的方式。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述类型指示字段位于所述MAC PDU的MAC随机接入响应RAR中。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述类型指示字段位于所述MAC PDU的MAC头中。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述类型指示字段包含一个比特，且所述类型指示字段包含的比特是所述MAC RAR中的第一个比特；或，
    所述类型指示字段包含的比特是所述MAC RAR中的第1、28、29、30、31或32个比特中的至少一个比特。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述MAC PDU中的一个MAC RAR对应所述MAC PDU的MAC头中的一个子头，且所述子头包含8个比特，所述子头为所述MAC头中的第m个子头，m是大于或等于2的正整数；所述子头中的第一个比特是扩展字段，所述子头中的第二个比特为所述类型指示字段，所述子头的第三个比特至第八个比特用于指示随机接入前导标识。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述MAC PDU的MAC头中包括L个第一子头，且每个所述第一子头包括n个所述类型指示字段，每个类型指示字段对应所述MAC PDU中的一个MAC RAR，其中n是正整数，L是大于或等于1的正整数。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述L个第一子头是所述MAC头中的最后L个子头，且所述L个第一子头中不包括所述MAC头中的第一个子头；或者，
    所述L个第一子头是所述MAC头中除第一个子头外的前L个子头。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，每个所述第一子头中均包含8个比特，且每个所述第一子头的第一个比特是扩展字段，第二个比特是类型字段；所述类型字段用于指示所述第一子头中的第3～8比特被配置为所述类型指示字段；所述子头的类型字段被设置成0，则所述子头的第三个比特至第八个比特中的每个比特都分别对应一个类型指示字段。
  9. 根据权利要求6至8任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一子头中的第x个所述类型指示字段对应所述MAC PDU中的第x个MAC RAR,其中x是正整数。
  10. 根据权利要求4或6所述的方法，其特征在于，
    当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息 中按照第一方式传输数据，所述第一方式为第一上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第二方式传输数据，所述第二方式为第二上行授权；或者，
    当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第三方式传输数据，所述第三方式为第三上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第四方式传输数据，所述第四方式为第四上行授权；或者，
    当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第五方式传输数据，所述第五方式为第二上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第六方式传输数据，所述第六方式为第四上行授权；
    其中，所述第一上行授权指示所述终端按照第一查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小；所述第二上行授权指示所述终端按照第二查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小；所述第三上行授权指示所述终端以物理资源块为单位进行资源分配，且所述第三上行授权所分配的资源大于或者等于一个物理资源块；所述第四上行授权所分配的资源小于一个物理资源块；其中，按照所述第一查询方式确定的最大传输块大小TBS小于按照所述第二查询方式确定的最大TBS。
  11. 根据权利要求5或6所述的方法，其特征在于，
    当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第七方式传输数据，所述第七方式为第一上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第八方式传输数据，所述第八方式是第二上行授权；或者，
    当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第九方式传输数据，所述第九方式为第三上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十方式传输数据，所述第十方式为第四上行授权；或者，
    当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十一方式传输数据，所述第十一方式为第二上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十二方式传输数据，所述第十二方式为第四上行授权；
    其中，所述第一上行授权指示所述终端按照第一查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小；所述第二上行授权指示所述终端按照第二查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小；所述第三上行授权指示所述终端以物理资源块为单位进行资源分配，且所述第三上行授权所分配的资源大于或者等于一个物理资源块；所述第四上行授权所分配的资源小于一个物理资源块；其中，按照所述第一查询方式确定的最大传输块大小TBS小于按照所述第二查询方式确定的最大TBS。
  12. 根据权利要求10或11所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述终端的物理随机接入信道采用第一模式时，所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十三方式或第十四方式传输数据，其中，所述第十三方式是第一上行授权，所述第 十四方式是第二上行授权；和/或，
    所述终端的物理随机接入信道采用第二模式时，所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十五方式或第十六方式传输数据，其中，所述第十五方式是第三上行授权，所述第十六方式是第四上行授权；
    其中，所述第一模式是覆盖增强等级0、覆盖增强等级1、覆盖增强模式A中的一种或多种，所述第二模式是覆盖增强等级2、覆盖增强等级3、覆盖增强模式B中的一种或多种。
  13. 根据权利要求1至12任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一上行信息是所述MAC PDU中的一个MAC RAR所关联的上行信息；或者，
    所述第一上行信息由物理上行共享信道承载，且所述第一上行信息是MAC RAR后的第一个上行信息；或者，
    所述第一上行信息是随机接入过程中的消息3；或者，
    所述第一上行信息是随机接入过程中的消息3和随机接入过程中的竞争解决消息之间的上行信息；或者，
    所述第一上行信息是随机接入过程中的随机接入响应消息和竞争解决消息之间的上行信息。
  14. 一种数据传输方法，其特征在于，包括：
    终端向基站发送随机接入前导序列；
    所述终端接收所述基站根据所述随机接入前导序列发送的媒体接入控制MAC分组数据单元PDU；
    所述MAC PDU中包含类型指示字段，所述类型指示字段用于指示所述终端在第一上行信息中传输数据的方式。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述类型指示字段位于所述MAC PDU的MAC随机接入响应RAR中。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述类型指示字段位于所述MAC PDU的MAC头中。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述类型指示字段包含一个比特，且所述类型指示字段包含的比特是所述MAC RAR中的第一个比特；或，
    所述类型指示字段包含的比特是所述MAC RAR中的第1、28、29、30、31或32个比特中的至少一个比特。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述MAC PDU中的一个MAC RAR对应所述MAC PDU的MAC头中的一个子头，且所述子头包含8个比特，所述子头为所述MAC头中的第m个子头，m是大于或等于2的正整数；所述子头中的第一个比特是扩展字段，所述子头中的第二个比特为所述类型指示字段，所述子头的第三个比特至第八个比特用于指示随机接入前导标识。
  19. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述MAC PDU的MAC头中包括L个第一子头，且每个所述第一子头包括n个所述类型指示字段，每个类型指示字段对应所述MAC PDU中的一个MAC RAR，其中n是正整数，L是大于或等于1的正整数。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述L个第一子头是所述MAC头中的最后L个子头，且所述L个第一子头中不包括所述MAC头中的第一个子头；或者，
    所述L个第一子头是所述MAC头中除第一个子头外的前L个子头。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的方法，其特征在于，每个所述第一子头中均包含8个比特，且每个所述第一子头的第一个比特是扩展字段，第二个比特是类型字段；所述类型字段用于指示所述第一子头中的第3～8比特被配置为所述类型指示字段；所述子头的类型字段被设置成0，则所述子头的第三个比特至第八个比特中的每个比特都分别对应一个类型指示字段。
  22. 根据权利要求19至21任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一子头中的第x个所述类型指示字段对应所述MAC PDU中的第x个MAC RAR,其中x是正整数。
  23. 根据权利要求17或19所述的方法，其特征在于，
    当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第一方式传输数据，所述第一方式为第一上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第二方式传输数据，所述第二方式为第二上行授权；或者，
    当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第三方式传输数据，所述第三方式为第三上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第四方式传输数据，所述第四方式为第四上行授权；或者，
    当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第五方式传输数据，所述第五方式为第二上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第六方式传输数据，所述第六方式为第四上行授权；
    其中，所述第一上行授权指示所述终端按照第一查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小；所述第二上行授权指示所述终端按照第二查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小；所述第三上行授权指示以物理资源块为单位进行资源分配，且所述第三上行授权所分配的资源至少占用一个物理资源块；所述第四上行授权至少指示以子载波为单位的资源分配，所述第四上行授权所分配的资源至多占用一个物理资源块，或所述第四上行授权所分配的资源小于一个物理资源块；其中，按照所述第一查询方式确定的最大传输块大小TBS小于按照所述第二查询方式确定的最大TBS。
  24. 根据权利要求18或19所述的方法，其特征在于，
    当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第七方式传输数据，所述第七方式为第一上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第八方式传输数据，所 述第八方式是第二上行授权；或者，
    当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第九方式传输数据，所述第九方式为第三上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十方式传输数据，所述第十方式为第四上行授权；或者，
    当所述类型指示字段为0时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十一方式传输数据，所述第十一方式为第二上行授权；当所述类型指示字段为1时，则所述类型指示字段指示所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十二方式传输数据，所述第十二方式为第四上行授权；
    其中，所述第一上行授权指示所述终端按照第一查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小；所述第二上行授权指示所述终端按照第二查询方式确定第一上行信息传输的传输块大小；所述第三上行授权指示所述终端以物理资源块为单位进行资源分配，且所述第三上行授权所分配的资源至少占用一个物理资源块；所述第四上行授权至少指示以子载波为单位的资源分配，所述第四上行授权所分配的资源至多占用一个物理资源块，或所述第四上行授权所分配的资源小于一个物理资源块；其中，按照所述第一查询方式确定的最大传输块大小TBS小于按照所述第二查询方式确定的最大TBS。
  25. 根据权利要求23或24所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述终端的物理随机接入信道采用第一模式时，所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十三方式或第十四方式传输数据，其中，所述第十三方式是第一上行授权，所述第十四方式是第二上行授权；和/或，
    所述终端的物理随机接入信道采用第二模式时，所述终端在第一上行信息中按照第十五方式或第十六方式传输数据，其中，所述第十五方式是第三上行授权，所述第十六方式是第四上行授权；
    其中，所述第一模式是覆盖增强等级0、覆盖增强等级1、覆盖增强模式A中的一种或多种，所述第二模式是覆盖增强等级2、覆盖增强等级3、覆盖增强模式B中的一种或多种。
  26. 根据权利要求14至25任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一上行信息是所述MAC PDU中的一个MAC RAR所关联的上行信息；或者，
    所述第一上行信息由物理上行共享信道承载，且所述第一上行信息是MAC RAR后的第一个上行信息；或者，
    所述第一上行信息是随机接入过程中的消息3；或者，
    所述第一上行信息是随机接入过程中的消息3和随机接入过程中的竞争解决消息之间的上行信息；或者，
    所述第一上行信息是随机接入过程中的随机接入响应消息和竞争解决消息之间的上行信息。
  27. 一种数据传输装置，其特征在于，所述装置用于执行如权利要求1至13任意一项所述的方法。
  28. 一种数据传输装置，其特征在于，所述装置用于执行如权利要求14至26任意一项所述的方法。
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