WO2019016899A1 - Numerical value control device - Google Patents

Numerical value control device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019016899A1
WO2019016899A1 PCT/JP2017/026139 JP2017026139W WO2019016899A1 WO 2019016899 A1 WO2019016899 A1 WO 2019016899A1 JP 2017026139 W JP2017026139 W JP 2017026139W WO 2019016899 A1 WO2019016899 A1 WO 2019016899A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tool
point
command
unit
retraction
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2017/026139
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
泰一 石田
Original Assignee
三菱電機株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 三菱電機株式会社 filed Critical 三菱電機株式会社
Priority to JP2018518756A priority Critical patent/JPWO2019016899A1/en
Priority to PCT/JP2017/026139 priority patent/WO2019016899A1/en
Publication of WO2019016899A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019016899A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23G—THREAD CUTTING; WORKING OF SCREWS, BOLT HEADS, OR NUTS, IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH
    • B23G1/00—Thread cutting; Automatic machines specially designed therefor
    • B23G1/02—Thread cutting; Automatic machines specially designed therefor on an external or internal cylindrical or conical surface, e.g. on recesses
    • B23G1/08—Machines with a plurality of working spindles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q15/00—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/4093—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by part programming, e.g. entry of geometrical information as taken from a technical drawing, combining this with machining and material information to obtain control information, named part programme, for the NC machine

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a numerical control device for controlling the operation of a threading tool.
  • the threading cycle command is a command for performing roughing and finishing by designating a starting point of threading, an end point of threading, a thread height, a thread lead and a cutting amount.
  • the screw lead is the amount of movement of the tool when the work rotates once. In roughing, cutting is repeated while changing the cutting amount.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above, and it is an object of the present invention to obtain a numerical control device which shortens the length of chips in a threading cycle and suppresses formation of an incompletely threaded portion. .
  • the present invention is directed to an amount designated in a specified direction from a retraction position where the tool starts retraction.
  • a retraction command creating unit that creates a retraction command that is a command to retract only the A control unit for moving the tool to the retracted position after the tool is moved in the third direction while being moved in a third direction different from the direction in which the tool advances when forming the tool And.
  • the numerical control device can shorten the chip length in the threading cycle and can suppress the formation of the incompletely threaded portion.
  • a diagram showing a configuration of a numerical control device according to an embodiment Diagram for explaining the operation of the tool in the case of performing threading from the starting end to the end of threading in a single threading process on a workpiece
  • the figure for explaining the operation of the tool in the case of forming a screw in a work in roughing of an embodiment The flowchart which shows the procedure of operation of the control part at the time of the control part which the numerical control device concerning an embodiment outputs a command to data creation part for servo amplifiers, and the judgment part which a numerical control device has
  • FIG. 8 shows a processor in a case where at least a part of functions of an analysis unit, a threading feed command creation unit, a retraction command creation unit, a control unit, an approach calculation unit, and a determination unit included in the numerical control apparatus according to the embodiment is realized by a processor.
  • Figure When at least a part of components constituting the analysis unit, threading feed command creation unit, retraction command creation unit, control unit, approach calculation unit, and determination unit included in the numerical control device according to the embodiment is realized by the processing circuit Figure showing the processing circuit of
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a numerical control device 1 according to the embodiment.
  • the numerical control device 1 is a device for controlling the operation of a tool 30 that performs threading on the workpiece 20.
  • the workpiece 20 and the tool 30 are also shown in FIG.
  • the numerical control device 1 performs processing for controlling the operation of the tool 30 based on the analysis unit 2 that analyzes a threading cycle command given from the outside of the numerical control device 1 and the analysis result obtained by the analysis unit 2. And a threading cycle processing unit 3 to be performed.
  • the threading cycle processing unit 3 retracts the tool 30 by a designated amount in a specified direction from the retraction position in the threading feed command creating unit 4 that creates a command for moving the tool 30 and roughing the threading cycle.
  • a save command creation unit 5 for creating a save command that is a command for The retracted position is a position at which the tool 30 starts retracting from the workpiece 20.
  • the threading cycle consists of multiple rounds of threading and finishing.
  • the numerical control device 1 further includes a control unit 6 that retracts the tool 30 from the retraction position in accordance with the retraction command created by the retraction command creation unit 5. After the tool 30 retracts from the retraction position according to the retraction command created by the retraction command creation unit 5, the control unit 6 is in a direction different from the direction in which the tool 30 advances when forming the screw. The tool 30 is moved to the retracted position after the tool 30 is moved in the third direction while being moved in a certain third direction.
  • the above-mentioned third direction does not include the direction in which the tool 30 advances when forming a screw, or the diagonal forward direction in which the tool 30 advances when forming a screw.
  • An example of the third orientation is parallel to the direction of the lead axis and opposite to the direction in which the tool 30 travels in forming the screw.
  • the third orientation may not be parallel to the direction of the lead axis.
  • the third orientation may be a diagonally back upward or diagonally back downward orientation in which the tool 30 advances in forming the screw.
  • the upper side is above the vertical direction, and the lower side is below the vertical direction.
  • the threading cycle processing unit 3 retracts the tool 30 after the tool 30 is retracted. It further includes an approach calculation unit 7 that calculates the distance of the approach, which is the amount of movement in the direction of 3. To explain further, the approach calculation unit 7 calculates the distance of the approach for suppressing the formation of the incompletely threaded portion in the roughing.
  • the direction in which the tool 30 advances as it forms a screw is parallel to the direction of the lead axis.
  • the approach calculation unit 7 causes the retraction command creation unit 5 to When the tool 30 moves to the retracted position after the tool 30 moves from the retracted position according to the created retraction command and then moves in the direction opposite to the direction in which the tool 30 advances when forming the screw, the tool 30 Calculates the approach distance, which is the amount by which the tool 30 moves in the opposite direction as described above. To explain further, the approach calculation unit 7 calculates the distance of the approach for suppressing the formation of the incompletely threaded portion in the roughing.
  • the threading cycle processing unit 3 further includes a determination unit 8 that determines whether the tool 30 performing threading is performing roughing processing or finishing processing in the threading cycle. Details of the analysis unit 2, the threading feed command creation unit 4, the retraction command creation unit 5, the control unit 6, the approach calculation unit 7, and the determination unit 8 will be described later. Also shown in FIG. 1 are a spindle amplifier data creation unit 11, a spindle amplifier 12, a spindle motor 13, a servo amplifier data creation unit 14, a servo amplifier 15, and a servo motor 16. Details of the spindle amplifier data creating unit 11, the spindle amplifier 12, the spindle motor 13, the servo amplifier data creating unit 14, the servo amplifier 15, and the servo motor 16 will be described later.
  • FIG. 2 is a view for explaining the operation of the tool 30 in the case where the threading from the starting end to the end of threading is performed on the work 20 in one threading process.
  • each of point (a), point (b), point (c) and point (d) show different points in the path when the tool 30 moves.
  • Point (b) is the point corresponding to the beginning of the threading process.
  • Point (c) is the point corresponding to the end of the threading process.
  • the tool 30 When threading the work 20 from the start to the end of the screw in a single threading process, the tool 30 is able to cut points (a), (b), (c) and (d) The path connecting in order is moved in the order of point (a), point (b), point (c), point (d) and point (a). When moving the path, the tool 30 changes the cutting amount and moves the path again. The tool 30 repeatedly performs the above-mentioned operation to form a screw on the work 20.
  • the tool 30 When moving, if the viscosity of the workpiece 20 is high, relatively long chips are produced. Since relatively long chips may wrap around one or both of the work 20 and the tool 30, one or both of the work 20 and the tool 30 may be lost.
  • the to-be-threaded portion of the work 20 in the lead axis direction is divided into a plurality of sections, and threading is performed in each section, and threading is performed in each section Every time the process is completed, the work is interrupted and the tool 30 is retracted from the work 20.
  • the threaded portion is a partial path connecting the point (b) and the point (c).
  • FIG. 3 is a view for explaining the operation of the tool 30 in the case of forming a screw on the work 20 in the roughing of the embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 divides the threaded portion of the work 20 in the direction of the lead axis into a plurality of sections, performs threading in each section, and performs threading in each section in the rough processing of the embodiment.
  • It is a figure for demonstrating operation
  • Each of (j) shows the mutually different point in the path
  • Points (a), (b), (c) and (d) in FIG. 3 are mechanical with respect to points (a), (b), (c) and (d) in FIG. The position is the same.
  • the tool 30 moves a first partial path connecting the point (a), the point (b) and the point (e) in this order from the point (a) to the point (e).
  • the orientation from point (b) to point (e) is the direction in which the tool 30 proceeds as it forms a screw.
  • the direction in which the tool 30 advances as it forms a screw is parallel to the direction of the lead axis.
  • the tool 30 moves a second partial path connecting the point (e) and the point (f) from the point (e) to the point (f).
  • the direction from point (e) to point (f) is the specified direction.
  • the distance from point (e) to point (f) is a specified amount. That is, the tool 30 retracts from the work 20 by an amount designated in the designated direction from the retraction position (e).
  • the retraction command creation unit 5 is a command for retracting the tool 30 from the work 20 by the designated amount in the designated direction from the point (e) which is the retraction position in roughing of the threading cycle. Create a save command.
  • the tool 30 does not cut the work 20.
  • the tool 30 moves the third partial path connecting point (f) and point (g) from point (f) to point (g).
  • the direction from point (f) to point (g) is opposite to the direction the tool 30 travels in forming the screw.
  • the distance from point (f) to point (g) is the distance of one approach.
  • the approach calculation unit 7 calculates the distance of the approach from the point (f) to the point (g).
  • the tool 30 does not cut the work 20.
  • the retraction command creation unit 5 is in a direction different from the direction in which the tool 30 advances when forming the screw from the point (e) at the retraction position in roughing of the threading cycle
  • a retraction command is generated which is a command for receding linearly from the work 20 by an amount specified to be not parallel to the direction in which the tool 30 advances.
  • the specified quantity is the distance from point (e) to point (g).
  • the control unit 6 moves the tool 30 from the retracted position in accordance with the retraction command created by the retraction command creation unit 5.
  • the first vector is defined as a vector from the retracted position when the tool 30 moves in the designated direction from the retracted position by a designated amount to an intermediate position which is the reached position of the tool 30.
  • An example of the first vector is a vector whose start point is point (e) and whose end point is point (f).
  • the second vector is only the distance of the approach that prevents the tool 30 from forming imperfect threads in roughing in the opposite direction to the direction the tool 30 travels from the intermediate position as it forms the screw. It is assumed that the vector is defined as a vector from an intermediate position when moved to an arrival position of the tool 30.
  • An example of the second vector is a vector whose start point is point (f) and whose end point is point (g).
  • the movement amount of the tool 30 when the tool 30 moves from the retracted position according to the retraction command created by the retraction command creation unit 5 is the first vector
  • the tool 30 moves a fourth partial path connecting point (g), point (e) and point (h) in this order from point (g) to point (h).
  • the tool 30 returns from point (g) to the retracted position (e), and after returning to point (e), the partial path from point (e) to point (h) Cutting the workpiece 20 at a position shown in FIG.
  • the orientation from point (e) to point (h) is the same as the orientation from point (b) to point (e). That is, the direction from point (e) to point (h) is the direction in which the tool 30 advances as it forms a screw.
  • the control unit 6 moves the tool 30 to the retracted position after the tool 30 moves in the third direction.
  • the control unit 6 moves the tool 30 to the retracted position (e) after the tool 30 moves from the point (f) to the point (g).
  • the control unit 6 sets the tool 30 to the point (e) at the retracted position. Move it.
  • the control unit 6 moves the tool 30 from the point (e) to the point (h).
  • the tool 30 moves the fifth partial path connecting the point (h) and the point (i) from the point (h) to the point (i).
  • the direction from point (h) to point (i) is the specified direction.
  • the distance from point (h) to point (i) is a specified amount. That is, the tool 30 retracts from the work 20 by the designated amount in the designated direction from the retraction position (h).
  • the retraction command creation unit 5 is a command for retracting the tool 30 from the work 20 by the designated amount in the designated direction from the point (h) which is the retraction position in roughing of the threading cycle. Create a save command.
  • the tool 30 does not cut the work 20.
  • the tool 30 moves the sixth partial path connecting the point (i) and the point (j) from the point (i) to the point (j).
  • the direction from point (i) to point (j) is opposite to the direction the tool 30 travels in forming the screw.
  • the distance from point (i) to point (j) is the distance of one approach.
  • the approach calculation unit 7 calculates the distance of the approach from the point (i) to the point (j).
  • the tool 30 does not cut the work 20.
  • the tool 30 connects the point (j) from the point (j) to the seventh partial path connecting the points (j), (h) and (c) in this order. Move to c).
  • the tool 30 returns from the point (j) to the retracted position (h), and after returning to the point (h), the partial path from the point (h) to the point (c) Cutting the workpiece 20 at a position shown in FIG.
  • the orientation from point (h) to point (c) is the same as the orientation from point (b) to point (e). That is, the direction from point (h) to point (c) is the direction in which the tool 30 advances as it forms a screw.
  • the tool 30 moves an eighth partial path connecting the point (c), the point (d) and the point (a) in this order from the point (c) to the point (a).
  • the tool 30 retracts from the work 20 at the end point (c).
  • the tool 30 does not cut the work 20.
  • the eight steps from the first step to the eighth step described above are one cycle of roughing in the embodiment. In the threading cycle, the above-described one cycle of roughing is performed a plurality of times while changing the cutting amount.
  • the threaded portion between point (b) and point (c) is divided at two retracted positions, point (e) and point (h). That is, in the example of FIG. 3, the threaded portion in the direction of the lead axis has a first section from point (b) to point (e) and a second section from point (e) to point (h) , Divided into three sections from the point (h) to the third section from the point (c). Therefore, in the embodiment described with reference to FIG. 3, the length of the chips is shorter than in the case described with reference to FIG. 2. That is, the chips are prevented from being wound around one or both of the work 20 and the tool 30, and thus, the loss of one or both of the work 20 and the tool 30 is suppressed.
  • the tool 30 is shown in FIG. 3 as points (a), (b), (c), (d) and (d) Move a) in this order.
  • the tool 30 performs cutting on the work 20 when moving from the point (b) to the point (c).
  • the analysis unit 2 receives and analyzes a rotation command which is a command for rotating the work 20 from the outside of the numerical control device 1.
  • the analysis unit 2 outputs the analysis result to the spindle amplifier data creation unit 11.
  • the spindle amplifier data creation unit 11 creates spindle data, which is data corresponding to the analysis result and can be processed by the spindle amplifier 12, and outputs the spindle data to the spindle amplifier 12.
  • the spindle amplifier 12 receives spindle data from the spindle amplifier data creation unit 11 and rotates the spindle motor 13 at the number of revolutions per unit time corresponding to the analysis result.
  • the spindle motor 13 rotates under the control of the spindle amplifier 12, rotates the spindle of the machine tool, and rotates the workpiece 20 attached to the machine tool.
  • the machine tool is not shown.
  • the analysis unit 2 also analyzes a threading cycle command given from the outside of the numerical control device 1.
  • the threading cycle command is the following programmed command.
  • the following threading cycle command character string "G76" is a preparatory function command for specifying a threading cycle. G76 Xx Zz Kk Dd Ff Lmr Jj;
  • the character “X” in the character string “Xx” of the above-mentioned threading cycle command means the coordinate of the start point of threading
  • the character “x” in the character string “Xx” is the concrete at the coordinate of the start point of threading Means a value.
  • the letter “Z” in the letter string “Zz” of the above-mentioned threading cycle command means the coordinate of the threading end point
  • the letter “z” in the letter string “Zz” is the concrete in the coordinates of the threading end point Means a value.
  • the letter “K” in the string “Kk” of the above threading cycle command means the height of the thread, and the letter “k” in the string “Kk” is the specific height of the thread Means a value.
  • the character “D” in the character string “Dd” of the above-mentioned threading cycle command means the cut amount for each cycle in roughing, and the character “d” in the character string “Dd” is a concrete cut amount of the relevant cut amount Mean value.
  • the letter “F” in the letter string “Ff” of the above-mentioned threading cycle command means the lead of the screw.
  • the lead is the amount of movement of the tool 30 when the work 20 makes one rotation.
  • the character “f” in the character string “Ff” means a specific value of the read.
  • the letter “L” in the letter string “Lmr” of the above-mentioned threading cycle command means that the tool 30 relates to withdrawal from the work 20, and the letter “m” in the letter string “Lmr” is the withdrawal axis number
  • the letter “r” in the letter string “Lmr” means the number of evacuations.
  • the character "J” in the character string "Jj" of the above-mentioned threading cycle command means the movement amount when the tool 30 retracts from the work 20, and the character “j" in the character string “Jj” is the movement It means the specific value of the quantity.
  • the string ";" in the threading cycle command above means the end of the command.
  • the analysis unit 2 analyzes, for example, the threading cycle command starting from the above-mentioned character string "G76". That is, the analysis unit 2 calculates the coordinates of the start point of threading, the coordinates of the end point of threading, the height of the thread, the cut amount for each cycle in roughing, the lead, the retraction axis, the number of retractions, and the tool 30. Identifies the amount of movement at the time of evacuation from the work 20. In the example described with reference to FIG.
  • the retraction axis includes a first axis including a straight portion from point (e) to point (f) and a straight portion including a point from (h) to point (i)
  • the analysis unit 2 identifies this as an axis of two.
  • the analysis unit 2 it is specified by the analysis unit 2 that the number of withdrawals is two and the withdrawal positions are the point (e) and the point (h) from the first and second axes twice. Be done.
  • the analysis unit 2 moves the tool 30 from each of the points (e) and (h) which are two retracted positions from the movement amount when the tool 30 retracts from the work 20 and from the first axis and the second axis.
  • the direction of evacuation and the amount of evacuation are specified.
  • the analysis unit 2 outputs the analysis result to the threading cycle processing unit 3.
  • the retraction command creating unit 5 retracts the tool 30 in roughing of the threading cycle from the retraction position by a designated amount in the designated direction.
  • Create a save command that is a command for In the example of FIG. 3, one of the designated orientations is the orientation from point (e) to point (f), and another one of the designated orientations is from point (h) to point (i) It is the direction.
  • One of the specified quantities is the length from point (e) to point (f) and another one of the specified quantities is the length from point (h) to point (i).
  • the number of evacuations is indicated by "r"
  • the coordinates of the position of point (b) in FIG. 3 are "A”
  • the length from point (b) to point (c) in FIG. 3 is "B”
  • the following equation (1) identifies a first retracted position P 1
  • the following equation ( 3) identify the r-th evacuation position P r .
  • r is an integer of 2 or more.
  • Coordinates A are coordinates on the lead axis.
  • the coordinates of each of the retracted position P 1 , the retracted position P 2, and the retracted position P r are coordinates when the direction from the point (b) to the point (c) in FIG. 2 is positive.
  • the approach calculation unit 7 has a direction different from the direction in which the tool 30 advances when the tool 30 forms a screw after the tool 30 retracts from the retraction position according to the retraction command created by the retraction command creation unit 5
  • the distance of the approach which is the amount by which the tool 30 moves in the third direction after the tool 30 retracts.
  • the approach calculation unit 7 calculates the distance of the approach that suppresses the formation of the incompletely threaded portion in roughing.
  • the tool 30 is driven by the servomotor 16 to move.
  • the approach calculation unit 7 calculates the approach distance based on the ability of the servomotor 16 to accelerate the tool 30 when the tool 30 changes its direction and moves.
  • the approach calculation unit 7 calculates the distance ⁇ of the approach by the following equation (4) .
  • the unit of ⁇ is “mm”
  • V is the threading speed (mm / min)
  • t1 is the time (seconds) until the error of the screw pitch becomes acceptable
  • Ts Is the acceleration / deceleration time constant (seconds) of the tool 30
  • Tp is the position loop time constant (seconds) of the tool 30.
  • the threading feed command creation unit 4 moves the tool 30 in the direction in which the tool 30 advances when forming a screw on the lead shaft.
  • feed command for lead shaft a feed command for moving the tool 30 in a direction in which the tool 30 forms a screw on the lead shaft.
  • the data from the spindle amplifier 12 is data indicating the number of revolutions per unit time of the spindle motor 13.
  • the data from the spindle amplifier 12 is data indicating the number of revolutions per minute of the spindle motor 13.
  • the threading feed command creation unit 4 uses the tool 30. After retracting according to the retracting command, a command to move the tool 30 by the calculated approach distance is generated in the third direction.
  • a command for moving the tool 30 by the calculated approach distance in the above-described third direction after the tool 30 is retracted according to the retraction command will be referred to as “a command for movement of the approach distance”.
  • the threading feed command generation unit 4 uses the data from the spindle amplifier 12 to generate a command to move the tool 30 to the retracted position after the tool 30 has moved in the third direction by the approach distance.
  • a command for moving the tool 30 to the retracted position after the tool 30 has moved in the above-described third direction by the approach distance will be referred to as “feed command for return”.
  • control unit 6 returns the lead axis feed command, the retraction command, and the approach distance movement command, and returns One or two of the feed commands for the above are output to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14.
  • the servo amplifier data creation unit 14 creates servo data that is data corresponding to a command from the control unit 6 and that can be processed by the servo amplifier 15, and outputs the servo data to the servo amplifier 15.
  • the servo amplifier 15 receives servo data from the servo amplifier data creation unit 14 and rotates the servomotor 16 at a rotation speed per unit time corresponding to a command from the control unit 6.
  • the servomotor 16 is rotated by the control of the servo amplifier 15 and moves the tool 30 as instructed by the control unit 6.
  • the tool 30 moves, for example, as described using FIG.
  • the control unit 6 outputs a lead axis feed command to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14.
  • the evacuation command creation unit 5 creates a evacuation instruction, and the control unit 6 outputs the evacuation instruction to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14.
  • the approach calculation unit 7 calculates the approach distance, and the control unit 6 outputs a command for moving the approach distance to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14.
  • the control unit 6 outputs, to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14, a feed command for return and a feed command for the lead axis after the tool 30 has moved to the retracted position (e). Do.
  • the evacuation command creation unit 5 creates a evacuation instruction
  • the control unit 6 outputs the evacuation instruction to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14.
  • the approach calculation unit 7 calculates the approach distance
  • the control unit 6 outputs a command for moving the approach distance to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14.
  • the control unit 6 outputs, to the servo amplifier data creating unit 14, a feed command for return and a feed command for the lead axis after the tool 30 has moved to the retracted position (h). Do.
  • control unit 6 moves the tool 30 from the point (c) to the point (a) in an eighth partial path connecting the points (c), (d) and (a) in this order.
  • a feed command is created, and the feed command is output to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14.
  • the threading feed command creation unit 4 creates a command not to retract the tool 30. That is, in the finishing process, the threading feed command creation unit 4 creates a feed command for moving the tool 30 in order of point (a), point (b), point (c), point (d) and point (a)
  • the controller 6 outputs the feed command to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14.
  • FIG. 4 shows the operations of the control unit 6 when the control unit 6 of the numerical control device 1 according to the embodiment outputs a command to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14 and the judgment unit 8 of the numerical control device 1. It is a flowchart which shows a procedure.
  • the determination unit 8 of the threading cycle processing unit 3 determines whether the current processing in the threading cycle is rough processing (S11). For example, the determination unit 8 determines whether the current processing is rough processing based on the current amount of cutting (S11). If it is determined by the determination unit 8 that the current processing is not rough processing (No in S11), the control unit 6 outputs a lead axis feed command to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14 (S12).
  • the determination unit 8 determines whether the tool 30 has reached the retracted position (S13). In step S13, for example, when the numerical control device 1 is provided with a flag that is turned on when the tool 30 passes the retracted position and turned off when the tool 30 has not reached the retracted position, the determination unit 8 Based on the flag, it is determined whether the tool 30 has reached the retracted position. If the determination unit 8 determines that the tool 30 has not reached the retracted position (No in S13), the control unit 6 outputs a lead axis feed command to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14 (S12).
  • the control unit 6 If the determination unit 8 determines that the tool 30 has reached the retracted position (Yes in S13), the control unit 6 outputs a retraction command to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14. After the control unit 6 outputs the retraction command, the determination unit 8 determines whether the tool 30 is retracted (S14). If the determination unit 8 determines that the tool 30 is not retracted (No in S14), the control unit 6 outputs a retraction command to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14 (S15).
  • the determination unit 8 determines whether or not the tool 30 has moved the approach distance calculated by the approach calculation unit 7 It is determined (S16).
  • the control unit 6 instructs the command for moving the approach distance to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14 Output (S17).
  • the control unit 6 sends a feed command for return and after the tool 30 has moved to the retracted position
  • the feed command of the lead axis of is output to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14 (S18).
  • the lead axis feed command after the tool 30 has moved to the retracted position is described as “feed axis lead command after return”.
  • the position at which the tool 30 retracts from the workpiece 20 and the position at which the tool 30 retracts from the workpiece 20 and returns to the lead shaft must match.
  • the position of the thread groove before retraction and the position of the thread groove after return must match.
  • condition 1, condition 2 and condition 3 are necessary for the operation of the tool 30 from retraction to return.
  • Condition 1 is a condition for an operation of retracting the tool 30 according to the retraction command created by the retraction command creation unit 5.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram for describing an operation of retracting the tool 30 in accordance with the retraction command created by the retraction command creating unit 5 of the numerical control device 1 according to the embodiment.
  • the upper part of FIG. 5 indicates the direction in which the tool 30 advances as it forms a screw on the work 20 with an arrow.
  • the workpiece 20 is also shown at the top of FIG.
  • the workpiece 20 is shown in a screw-formed state.
  • the lower part of FIG. 5 shows a situation where a specific portion of the outer periphery of the spindle of the machine tool to which the workpiece 20 is attached changes with the passage of time. Since the spindle is controlled by the spindle motor 13 to rotate, the position of the specific part is expressed by an angle between 0 and 360 degrees. 360 degrees is the same position as 0 degrees. As is apparent when comparing the upper part and the lower part of FIG. 5 focusing on, for example, two broken lines in FIG. 5, the tool 30 is formed so that a screw groove is formed when the above-mentioned specific part is located at 0 degree. Advance lead axis.
  • the tool 30 retracts from the work 20 in a certain thread groove, and after retracting, returns to the certain thread groove to form a screw.
  • the retracted position specified by the calculation based on the threading cycle command is the point C1 and the point C2. Both points C1 and C2 are located in front of the thread groove in the direction in which the tool 30 advances when forming the thread.
  • the threading feed command creation unit 4 moves the point R1 which is the position of the thread groove which is reached immediately after the point C1 specified by the calculation. It decides with the 1st evacuation position and creates evacuation command. Similarly, the threading feed command creation unit 4 creates a retraction command by determining the point R2 which is the position of the thread groove at which the tool 30 arrives immediately after the point C2 identified by the calculation as the second retraction position. The control unit 6 outputs the retraction command created by the threading feed command creation unit 4 to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14. In FIG. 5, the point R1 and the point R2 are described as the actual retracted position.
  • condition 1 is that the position of the screw groove which arrives immediately after the point specified by the calculation is taken as the retracted position when the tool 30 advances in the direction in which it is formed when forming the screw. is there.
  • Condition 2 is to set the distance ⁇ of the approach calculated by the above equation (4) to an integral multiple of the lead. For example, when the distance ⁇ of the approach is 5.3 mm and the lead is 3 mm, the approach calculation unit 7 calculates 6 mm which is twice 3 mm as the distance of the approach. As described above, when the approach calculation unit 7 rounds the approach distance ⁇ so as to be an integral multiple of the lead, the approach calculation unit 7 calculates the approach distance by making the value after rounding larger than the value before rounding.
  • Condition 3 is such that the position at which the tool 30 returns is the position at which the above specific part is at 0 degrees. That is, when the tool 30 retracts from the work 20 and returns to the threading process, the tool 30 returns to the position of the screw groove at the position when retracted from the work 20.
  • the approach calculation unit 7 calculates the approach distance which is the amount by which the tool 30 moves in the third direction after the tool 30 retracts. Furthermore, the approach calculation unit 7 calculates the distance of the approach that suppresses the formation of the incompletely threaded portion in roughing.
  • the approach calculation unit 7 forms an incomplete thread in roughing. Calculate the distance of the approach to suppress. Alternatively, the approach calculation unit 7 calculates the distance ⁇ of the approach according to the above equation (4).
  • the numerical control device 1 calculates the distance of the approach that suppresses the formation of the incomplete thread portion, and therefore shortens the chip length in the threading cycle and suppresses the formation of the incomplete thread portion can do.
  • the length of the chips can be shortened, and the chips may be one of the work 20 and the tool 30 or Wrapping on both sides is suppressed. That is, by dividing the threaded portion of the work 20 in the lead axis direction into a plurality of sections, it is possible to suppress the loss of one or both of the work 20 and the tool 30. Therefore, in roughing of the threading cycle, it is preferable to divide the threaded portion of the work 20 into a plurality of sections.
  • the tool 30 retracts from each of the plurality of retraction positions in roughing of the threading cycle.
  • the direction in which the tool 30 advances at the retracted position must be parallel to the lead axis direction in order to form a screw on the work 20. Therefore, after retracting from the retracted position, the tool 30 moves in a third direction that is different from the direction in which the tool 30 advances when forming the screw.
  • the servomotor 16 changes the direction in which the tool 30 advances to move the tool 30.
  • the incomplete screw portion is formed in roughing based on the ability of the servomotor 16 to accelerate the tool 30 when the tool 30 changes its direction and moves. Calculate the distance of the approach to suppress.
  • the numerical control device 1 calculates the approach distance according to the above equation (4). That is, the numerical control device 1 calculates the distance of the approach that suppresses the formation of the incompletely threaded portion in roughing. Therefore, the numerical control device 1 can shorten the chip length in the threading cycle and can suppress the formation of the incompletely threaded portion.
  • the threading feed command creation unit 4 creates a command not to retract the tool 30. Therefore, the numerical control device 1 can form a screw with relatively high accuracy.
  • the processor 61 is a central processing unit (CPU), a processing device, an arithmetic device, a microprocessor, a microcomputer, or a digital signal processor (DSP).
  • a memory 62 is also shown in FIG.
  • the processor 61 When at least a part of the functions of the analysis unit 2, the threading feed command creation unit 4, the evacuation command creation unit 5, the control unit 6, the approach calculation unit 7 and the determination unit 8 is realized by the processor 61, the part of the functions is , A processor 61 and software, firmware, or a combination of software and firmware.
  • the software or firmware is written as a program and stored in the memory 62.
  • the processor 61 reads out and executes the program stored in the memory 62 to execute at least the analysis unit 2, the threading feed command creation unit 4, the retraction command creation unit 5, the control unit 6, the approach calculation unit 7, and the determination unit 8. Implement some functions.
  • the numerical control device 1 Is a program that results in execution of steps executed by the analysis unit 2, threading feed command creation unit 4, retraction command creation unit 5, control unit 6, approach calculation unit 7, and part of determination unit 8.
  • Memory 62 for storing the The program stored in the memory 62 includes, as a computer, a procedure or method executed by a part of the analysis unit 2, threading feed command creation unit 4, retraction command creation unit 5, control unit 6, approach calculation unit 7 and determination unit 8. It can be said that it is something to be executed.
  • the memory 62 is, for example, non-volatile, such as random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), flash memory, erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM), EEPROM (registered trademark) (electrically erasable programmable read only memory), etc.
  • RAM random access memory
  • ROM read only memory
  • EPROM erasable programmable read only memory
  • EEPROM registered trademark
  • it is volatile semiconductor memory, magnetic disk, flexible disk, optical disk, compact disk, mini disk, DVD (Digital Versatile Disk), or the like.
  • FIG. 7 shows at least a part of the analysis unit 2, the threading feed command creation unit 4, the retraction command creation unit 5, the control unit 6, the approach calculation unit 7, and the determination unit 8 included in the numerical control device 1 according to the embodiment.
  • the processing circuit 71 is dedicated hardware.
  • the processing circuit 71 may be, for example, a single circuit, a complex circuit, a programmed processor, a parallel programmed processor, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or a combination thereof. It is.
  • the analysis unit 2, the threading feed command generation unit 4, the evacuation command generation unit 5, the control unit 6, the approach calculation unit 7, and a part of the determination unit 8 may be dedicated hardware separate from the remaining part.
  • threading feed command creation unit 4 retraction command creation unit 5, control unit 6, approach calculation unit 7, and determination unit 8
  • a part of the plurality of functions is realized by software or firmware
  • the rest of the plurality of functions may be realized by dedicated hardware.
  • the plurality of functions of the analysis unit 2, threading feed command creation unit 4, retraction command creation unit 5, control unit 6, approach calculation unit 7, and determination unit 8 are hardware, software, firmware, or a combination of these. Can be realized by
  • the functions of at least a part of the spindle amplifier data creating unit 11, the spindle amplifier 12, the servo amplifier data creating unit 14 and the servo amplifier 15 shown in FIG. 1 are realized by a processor having the same function as the processor 61 described above It is also good.
  • the spindle amplifier data creating unit 11, the spindle amplifier 12, the servo amplifier data creating unit 14, and the servo amplifier 15 is realized by a processor, the spindle amplifier data creating unit 11, the spindle amplifier 12, the servo A memory is used to store a program that results in the steps executed by at least a part of the amplifier data creation unit 14 and the servo amplifier 15 being executed.
  • the memory is a memory having the same function as the memory 62 described above.
  • the functions of at least a part of the spindle amplifier data creating unit 11, the spindle amplifier 12, the servo amplifier data creating unit 14, and the servo amplifier 15 may be realized by a processing circuit having the same function as the processing circuit 71 described above.
  • the configuration shown in the above embodiment shows an example of the contents of the present invention, and can be combined with another known technique, and one of the configurations is possible within the scope of the present invention. It is also possible to omit or change parts.

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Abstract

A numerical value control device (1) has: a retreat command creation unit (5) which creates a retreat command that, in rough processing of a thread cutting cycle, is a command for causing a tool (30) to retreat, by a specified amount, in a designated direction from a retreat position at which the tool (30) starts retreating; and a control unit (6) which, after the tool (30) has retreated from the retreat position in accordance with the retreat command created by the retreat command creation unit (5), moves the tool (30) in a third direction which is different from the direction in which the tool (30) travels when shaping a thread, and moves the tool (30) to the retreat position after having moved the tool (30) in the third direction.

Description

数値制御装置Numerical control device
　本発明は、ねじ切りを行う工具の動作を制御するための数値制御装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a numerical control device for controlling the operation of a threading tool.
　従来、工具を用いてワークにねじを形成する加工を行う際、数値制御装置を用いて工具の動作を制御する方法が用いられている。当該加工では、工作機械の主軸に設けられたチャックでワークを固定して主軸を回転させ、主軸の回転に同期して、ねじを形成するための工具をサーボモータによりねじ切り加工の始端部から終端部まで移動させる。当該加工では、切り込み量が相対的に大きい荒加工を複数回行い、荒加工が終了した後に切り込み量が相対的に小さい仕上げ加工を行う。 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when performing a process of forming a screw on a work using a tool, a method of controlling the operation of the tool using a numerical control device is used. In this processing, the workpiece is fixed by the chuck provided on the main shaft of the machine tool and the main shaft is rotated, and the tool for forming a screw is terminated from the start of threading by the servomotor in synchronization with the rotation of the main shaft. Move to the department. In the said process, rough cutting with a relatively large cut amount is performed several times, and after roughing is completed, finishing with a relatively small cut amount is performed.
　より具体的には、工具を用いてワークにねじを形成する際、ねじ切りサイクル指令にしたがってねじを形成する。ねじ切りサイクル指令は、ねじ切りの始点、ねじ切りの終点、ねじ山の高さ、ねじリード及び切り込み量を指定して荒加工と仕上げ加工とを行わせる指令である。ねじリードは、ワークが一回転する場合の工具の移動量である。荒加工では、切り込み量を変化させながら切削加工を繰り返し行う。 More specifically, when forming a thread on a work using a tool, the thread is formed according to a threading cycle command. The threading cycle command is a command for performing roughing and finishing by designating a starting point of threading, an end point of threading, a thread height, a thread lead and a cutting amount. The screw lead is the amount of movement of the tool when the work rotates once. In roughing, cutting is repeated while changing the cutting amount.
　ねじの始端部から終端部までのねじ切りがひとつのねじ切り加工工程で行われる場合、ワークの粘度が高いと、比較的長い切粉が生成される。比較的長い切粉は、ワークと工具との一方又は双方に巻き付くことがあるので、ワークと工具との一方又は双方を欠損させる可能性がある。ねじ切りで生成される切粉の長さを短くするために、リード軸方向におけるワークの被ねじ切り加工部を複数の区間に分割し、各区間でねじ切り加工を行い、各区間でのねじ切り加工が終了する毎に作業を中断して工具をワークから退避させる技術が提案されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。 If threading from the start to the end of the screw is performed in one threading process, relatively long pieces of work are produced if the viscosity of the workpiece is high. Since relatively long chips may wrap around one or both of the work and the tool, one or both of the work and the tool may be lost. In order to shorten the length of the chips generated by threading, the to-be-threaded portion of the work in the lead axis direction is divided into a plurality of sections, and threading is performed in each section, and the threading in each section is completed There has been proposed a technology for interrupting the work and retracting the tool from the work each time the work is performed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
特開平１０－１２４１２７号公報JP 10-124127 A
　しかしながら、上述の従来の技術では、切粉の長さは短くなるが、工具がワークから退避した後に次の区間のねじ切りを行う際に不完全ねじ部が形成される可能性がある。不完全ねじ部は、工具が向きを変えて移動する際のサーボモータが工具を加速させる能力が不足することによって生じるねじ山又はねじ谷が不完全な部分である。 However, in the above-mentioned prior art, although the length of the chips is shortened, there is a possibility that an incompletely threaded portion may be formed when the next section is threaded after the tool retracts from the work. Imperfect threads are imperfect threads or valleys resulting from the servo motor's inability to accelerate the tool as it is turned and moved.
　本発明は、上記に鑑みてなされたものであって、ねじ切りサイクルにおいて切粉の長さを短くすると共に、不完全ねじ部が形成されることを抑制する数値制御装置を得ることを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above, and it is an object of the present invention to obtain a numerical control device which shortens the length of chips in a threading cycle and suppresses formation of an incompletely threaded portion. .
　上述した課題を解決し、目的を達成するために、本発明は、ねじ切りサイクルの荒加工において、工具を、前記工具が退避を開始する位置である退避位置から指定された向きに指定された量だけ退避させるための指令である退避指令を作成する退避指令作成部と、前記退避指令作成部によって作成された前記退避指令にしたがって前記工具が前記退避位置から退避した後に、前記工具を、ねじを形成する際に前記工具が進行する向きの側と違う向きである第３の向きに移動させると共に、前記工具が前記第３の向きに移動した後に、前記工具を前記退避位置に移動させる制御部とを有することを特徴とする。 In order to solve the problems described above and to achieve the object, in the roughing of a threading cycle, the present invention is directed to an amount designated in a specified direction from a retraction position where the tool starts retraction. After the tool retracts from the retraction position according to the retraction command created by the retraction command creating unit, a retraction command creating unit that creates a retraction command that is a command to retract only the A control unit for moving the tool to the retracted position after the tool is moved in the third direction while being moved in a third direction different from the direction in which the tool advances when forming the tool And.
　本発明にかかる数値制御装置は、ねじ切りサイクルにおいて切粉の長さを短くすると共に、不完全ねじ部が形成されることを抑制することができる。 The numerical control device according to the present invention can shorten the chip length in the threading cycle and can suppress the formation of the incompletely threaded portion.
実施の形態にかかる数値制御装置の構成を示す図A diagram showing a configuration of a numerical control device according to an embodiment ワークに対してねじ切り加工の始端部から終端部までのねじ切りをひとつのねじ切り加工工程で行う場合の工具の動作を説明するための図Diagram for explaining the operation of the tool in the case of performing threading from the starting end to the end of threading in a single threading process on a workpiece 実施の形態の荒加工においてワークにねじを形成する場合の工具の動作を説明するための図The figure for explaining the operation of the tool in the case of forming a screw in a work in roughing of an embodiment 実施の形態にかかる数値制御装置が有する制御部が指令をサーボアンプ用データ作成部に出力する際の制御部と数値制御装置が有する判断部との動作の手順を示すフローチャートThe flowchart which shows the procedure of operation of the control part at the time of the control part which the numerical control device concerning an embodiment outputs a command to data creation part for servo amplifiers, and the judgment part which a numerical control device has 実施の形態にかかる数値制御装置が有する退避指令作成部によって作成された退避指令にしたがって工具が退避する動作を説明するための図The figure for demonstrating the operation | movement which a tool retracts according to the retraction | saving command produced by the retraction | saving command creation part which the numerical control device concerning embodiment has. 実施の形態にかかる数値制御装置が有する解析部、ねじ切り送り指令作成部、退避指令作成部、制御部、アプローチ算出部及び判断部の少なくとも一部の機能がプロセッサによって実現される場合のプロセッサを示す図8 shows a processor in a case where at least a part of functions of an analysis unit, a threading feed command creation unit, a retraction command creation unit, a control unit, an approach calculation unit, and a determination unit included in the numerical control apparatus according to the embodiment is realized by a processor. Figure 実施の形態にかかる数値制御装置が有する解析部、ねじ切り送り指令作成部、退避指令作成部、制御部、アプローチ算出部及び判断部を構成する少なくとも一部の構成要素が処理回路によって実現される場合の処理回路を示す図When at least a part of components constituting the analysis unit, threading feed command creation unit, retraction command creation unit, control unit, approach calculation unit, and determination unit included in the numerical control device according to the embodiment is realized by the processing circuit Figure showing the processing circuit of
　以下に、本発明の実施の形態にかかる数値制御装置を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。なお、この実施の形態によりこの発明が限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, a numerical control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings. The present invention is not limited by the embodiment.
実施の形態．
　図１は、実施の形態にかかる数値制御装置１の構成を示す図である。数値制御装置１は、ワーク２０に対してねじ切りを行う工具３０の動作を制御するための装置である。図１には、ワーク２０及び工具３０も示されている。数値制御装置１は、数値制御装置１の外部から与えられるねじ切りサイクル指令を解析する解析部２と、解析部２によって得られた解析結果をもとに工具３０の動作を制御するための処理を行うねじ切りサイクル処理部３とを有する。 Embodiment.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a numerical control device 1 according to the embodiment. The numerical control device 1 is a device for controlling the operation of a tool 30 that performs threading on the workpiece 20. The workpiece 20 and the tool 30 are also shown in FIG. The numerical control device 1 performs processing for controlling the operation of the tool 30 based on the analysis unit 2 that analyzes a threading cycle command given from the outside of the numerical control device 1 and the analysis result obtained by the analysis unit 2. And a threading cycle processing unit 3 to be performed.
　ねじ切りサイクル処理部３は、工具３０を移動させるための指令を作成するねじ切り送り指令作成部４と、ねじ切りサイクルの荒加工において工具３０を退避位置から指定された向きに指定された量だけ退避させるための指令である退避指令を作成する退避指令作成部５とを有する。退避位置は、工具３０がワーク２０から退避を開始する位置である。ねじ切りサイクルは、ねじ切りについての複数回の荒加工と仕上げ加工とで構成されるものである。 The threading cycle processing unit 3 retracts the tool 30 by a designated amount in a specified direction from the retraction position in the threading feed command creating unit 4 that creates a command for moving the tool 30 and roughing the threading cycle. And a save command creation unit 5 for creating a save command that is a command for The retracted position is a position at which the tool 30 starts retracting from the workpiece 20. The threading cycle consists of multiple rounds of threading and finishing.
　数値制御装置１は、退避指令作成部５によって作成された退避指令にしたがって工具３０を退避位置から退避させる制御部６を更に有する。制御部６は、退避指令作成部５によって作成された退避指令にしたがって工具３０が退避位置から退避した後に、工具３０を、ねじを形成する際に工具３０が進行する向きの側と違う向きである第３の向きに移動させると共に、工具３０が第３の向きに移動した後に、工具３０を退避位置に移動させる。 The numerical control device 1 further includes a control unit 6 that retracts the tool 30 from the retraction position in accordance with the retraction command created by the retraction command creation unit 5. After the tool 30 retracts from the retraction position according to the retraction command created by the retraction command creation unit 5, the control unit 6 is in a direction different from the direction in which the tool 30 advances when forming the screw. The tool 30 is moved to the retracted position after the tool 30 is moved in the third direction while being moved in a certain third direction.
　上記の第３の向きは、ねじを形成する際に工具３０が進行する向きも、ねじを形成する際に工具３０が進行する向きの斜め前方の向きも含まない。第３の向きの一例は、リード軸の方向と平行であって、ねじを形成する際に工具３０が進行する向きと逆の向きである。第３の向きは、リード軸の方向と平行でなくてもよい。第３の向きは、ねじを形成する際に工具３０が進行する向きの斜め後ろ上の向き又は斜め後ろ下の向きであってもよい。上は鉛直方向の上であり、下は鉛直方向の下である。 The above-mentioned third direction does not include the direction in which the tool 30 advances when forming a screw, or the diagonal forward direction in which the tool 30 advances when forming a screw. An example of the third orientation is parallel to the direction of the lead axis and opposite to the direction in which the tool 30 travels in forming the screw. The third orientation may not be parallel to the direction of the lead axis. The third orientation may be a diagonally back upward or diagonally back downward orientation in which the tool 30 advances in forming the screw. The upper side is above the vertical direction, and the lower side is below the vertical direction.
　ねじ切りサイクル処理部３は、制御部６による制御によって工具３０が上記の第３の向きに移動してから工具３０が退避位置に移動する場合において、工具３０が退避した後に工具３０が上記の第３の向きに移動する量であるアプローチの距離を算出するアプローチ算出部７を更に有する。更に説明すると、アプローチ算出部７は、荒加工において不完全ねじ部が形成されることを抑制するアプローチの距離を算出する。工具３０がねじを形成する際に進行する向きは、リード軸の方向と平行である。 In the case where the tool 30 is moved to the retracted position after the tool 30 is moved in the third direction under the control of the control unit 6, the threading cycle processing unit 3 retracts the tool 30 after the tool 30 is retracted. It further includes an approach calculation unit 7 that calculates the distance of the approach, which is the amount of movement in the direction of 3. To explain further, the approach calculation unit 7 calculates the distance of the approach for suppressing the formation of the incompletely threaded portion in the roughing. The direction in which the tool 30 advances as it forms a screw is parallel to the direction of the lead axis.
　上記の第３の向きが、リード軸の方向と平行であって、工具３０がねじを形成する際に進行する向きと逆の向きである場合、アプローチ算出部７は、退避指令作成部５によって作成された退避指令にしたがって工具３０が退避位置から退避した後に工具３０がねじを形成する際に進行する向きと逆の向きに移動してから工具３０が退避位置に移動する場合において、工具３０が退避した後に工具３０が上記の逆の向きに移動する量であるアプローチの距離を算出する。更に説明すると、アプローチ算出部７は、荒加工において不完全ねじ部が形成されることを抑制するアプローチの距離を算出する。 When the above third direction is parallel to the direction of the lead axis and opposite to the direction in which the tool 30 advances when forming a screw, the approach calculation unit 7 causes the retraction command creation unit 5 to When the tool 30 moves to the retracted position after the tool 30 moves from the retracted position according to the created retraction command and then moves in the direction opposite to the direction in which the tool 30 advances when forming the screw, the tool 30 Calculates the approach distance, which is the amount by which the tool 30 moves in the opposite direction as described above. To explain further, the approach calculation unit 7 calculates the distance of the approach for suppressing the formation of the incompletely threaded portion in the roughing.
　ねじ切りサイクル処理部３は、ねじ切りを行っている工具３０がねじ切りサイクルのなかの荒加工を行っているのか仕上げ加工を行っているのかを判断する判断部８を更に有する。解析部２、ねじ切り送り指令作成部４、退避指令作成部５、制御部６、アプローチ算出部７及び判断部８の詳細については、後述する。図１には、主軸アンプ用データ作成部１１、主軸アンプ１２、主軸モータ１３、サーボアンプ用データ作成部１４、サーボアンプ１５及びサーボモータ１６も示されている。主軸アンプ用データ作成部１１、主軸アンプ１２、主軸モータ１３、サーボアンプ用データ作成部１４、サーボアンプ１５及びサーボモータ１６の詳細についても、後述する。 The threading cycle processing unit 3 further includes a determination unit 8 that determines whether the tool 30 performing threading is performing roughing processing or finishing processing in the threading cycle. Details of the analysis unit 2, the threading feed command creation unit 4, the retraction command creation unit 5, the control unit 6, the approach calculation unit 7, and the determination unit 8 will be described later. Also shown in FIG. 1 are a spindle amplifier data creation unit 11, a spindle amplifier 12, a spindle motor 13, a servo amplifier data creation unit 14, a servo amplifier 15, and a servo motor 16. Details of the spindle amplifier data creating unit 11, the spindle amplifier 12, the spindle motor 13, the servo amplifier data creating unit 14, the servo amplifier 15, and the servo motor 16 will be described later.
　退避指令作成部５及びアプローチ算出部７の詳細を説明するために、ねじの始端部から終端部までのねじ切りがひとつのねじ切り加工工程で行われる場合の工具３０の動作について説明する。図２は、ワーク２０に対してねじ切り加工の始端部から終端部までのねじ切りをひとつのねじ切り加工工程で行う場合の工具３０の動作を説明するための図である。図２において、点（ａ）、点（ｂ）、点（ｃ）及び点（ｄ）の各々は、工具３０が移動する際の経路における互いに異なる点を示している。点（ｂ）は、ねじ切り加工の始端部に対応する点である。点（ｃ）は、ねじ切り加工の終端部に対応する点である。 In order to explain the details of the retraction command creation unit 5 and the approach calculation unit 7, the operation of the tool 30 in the case where threading from the start end to the end of the screw is performed in one threading process will be described. FIG. 2 is a view for explaining the operation of the tool 30 in the case where the threading from the starting end to the end of threading is performed on the work 20 in one threading process. In FIG. 2, each of point (a), point (b), point (c) and point (d) show different points in the path when the tool 30 moves. Point (b) is the point corresponding to the beginning of the threading process. Point (c) is the point corresponding to the end of the threading process.
　ワーク２０に対してねじの始端部から終端部までのねじ切りをひとつのねじ切り加工工程で行う場合、工具３０は、点（ａ）、点（ｂ）、点（ｃ）及び点（ｄ）をこの順に結ぶ経路を、点（ａ）、点（ｂ）、点（ｃ）、点（ｄ）及び点（ａ）の順に移動する。工具３０は、当該経路を移動すると、切り込み量を変化させて当該経路を再度移動する。工具３０は、上述の動作を繰り返し行ってワーク２０にねじを形成する。 When threading the work 20 from the start to the end of the screw in a single threading process, the tool 30 is able to cut points (a), (b), (c) and (d) The path connecting in order is moved in the order of point (a), point (b), point (c), point (d) and point (a). When moving the path, the tool 30 changes the cutting amount and moves the path again. The tool 30 repeatedly performs the above-mentioned operation to form a screw on the work 20.
　当該経路のうちの点（ｂ）と点（ｃ）とを結ぶ部分経路が比較的長い場合、つまりねじ切り加工の始端部から終端部までの距離が比較的長い場合、工具３０が当該部分経路を移動するとき、ワーク２０の粘度が高いと、比較的長い切粉が生成される。比較的長い切粉は、ワーク２０と工具３０との一方又は双方に巻き付くことがあるので、ワーク２０と工具３０との一方又は双方を欠損させる可能性がある。ねじ切りで生成される切粉の長さを短くするために、リード軸方向におけるワーク２０の被ねじ切り加工部を複数の区間に分割し、各区間でねじ切り加工を行い、各区間でのねじ切り加工が終了する毎に作業を中断してワーク２０から工具３０を退避させる。被ねじ切り加工部は、点（ｂ）と点（ｃ）とを結ぶ部分経路である。 If the partial path connecting points (b) and (c) of the path is relatively long, that is, if the distance from the start to the end of the threading is relatively long, the tool 30 When moving, if the viscosity of the workpiece 20 is high, relatively long chips are produced. Since relatively long chips may wrap around one or both of the work 20 and the tool 30, one or both of the work 20 and the tool 30 may be lost. In order to shorten the length of chips generated by threading, the to-be-threaded portion of the work 20 in the lead axis direction is divided into a plurality of sections, and threading is performed in each section, and threading is performed in each section Every time the process is completed, the work is interrupted and the tool 30 is retracted from the work 20. The threaded portion is a partial path connecting the point (b) and the point (c).
　図３は、実施の形態の荒加工においてワーク２０にねじを形成する場合の工具３０の動作を説明するための図である。言い換えると、図３は、実施の形態の荒加工において、リード軸の方向におけるワーク２０の被ねじ切り加工部を複数の区間に分割し、各区間でねじ切り加工を行い、各区間でのねじ切り加工が終了する毎に工具３０をワーク２０から退避させることによりワーク２０にねじを形成する場合の工具３０の動作を説明するための図である。 FIG. 3 is a view for explaining the operation of the tool 30 in the case of forming a screw on the work 20 in the roughing of the embodiment. In other words, FIG. 3 divides the threaded portion of the work 20 in the direction of the lead axis into a plurality of sections, performs threading in each section, and performs threading in each section in the rough processing of the embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating operation | movement of the tool 30 in the case of forming a screw in the workpiece | work 20 by retracting the tool 30 from the workpiece | work 20, whenever it complete | finishes.
　図３において、点（ａ）、点（ｂ）、点（ｃ）、点（ｄ）、点（ｅ）、点（ｆ）、点（ｇ）、点（ｈ）、点（ｉ）及び点（ｊ）の各々は、実施の形態において工具３０が移動する際の経路における互いに異なる点を示している。図３における点（ａ）、点（ｂ）、点（ｃ）及び点（ｄ）は、図２における点（ａ）、点（ｂ）、点（ｃ）及び点（ｄ）と機械的な位置が同じである。 In FIG. 3, point (a), point (b), point (c), point (d), point (e), point (f), point (g), point (h), point (i) and point (i) and points Each of (j) shows the mutually different point in the path | route as the tool 30 moves in embodiment. Points (a), (b), (c) and (d) in FIG. 3 are mechanical with respect to points (a), (b), (c) and (d) in FIG. The position is the same.
　第１ステップにおいて、工具３０は、点（ａ）、点（ｂ）及び点（ｅ）をこの順で結ぶ第１部分経路を、点（ａ）から点（ｅ）まで移動する。点（ｂ）から点（ｅ）への向きは、工具３０がねじを形成する際に進行する向きである。上述の通り、工具３０がねじを形成する際に進行する向きは、リード軸の方向と平行である。工具３０が点（ｂ）から点（ｅ）まで移動する際、工具３０はワーク２０に対して切削加工を行う。点（ｅ）は、工具３０がワーク２０から退避する位置である。つまり、点（ｅ）は、退避位置である。 In the first step, the tool 30 moves a first partial path connecting the point (a), the point (b) and the point (e) in this order from the point (a) to the point (e). The orientation from point (b) to point (e) is the direction in which the tool 30 proceeds as it forms a screw. As mentioned above, the direction in which the tool 30 advances as it forms a screw is parallel to the direction of the lead axis. When the tool 30 moves from point (b) to point (e), the tool 30 cuts the work 20. The point (e) is a position at which the tool 30 retracts from the work 20. That is, the point (e) is the retracted position.
　第２ステップにおいて、工具３０は、点（ｅ）と点（ｆ）とを結ぶ第２部分経路を、点（ｅ）から点（ｆ）まで移動する。点（ｅ）から点（ｆ）への向きは、指定された向きである。点（ｅ）から点（ｆ）までの距離は、指定された量である。つまり、工具３０は、退避位置である点（ｅ）から指定された向きに指定された量だけワーク２０から退避する。更に言うと、退避指令作成部５は、ねじ切りサイクルの荒加工において、工具３０を退避位置である点（ｅ）から指定された向きに指定された量だけワーク２０から退避させるための指令である退避指令を作成する。第２ステップでは、工具３０はワーク２０に対して切削加工を行わない。 In the second step, the tool 30 moves a second partial path connecting the point (e) and the point (f) from the point (e) to the point (f). The direction from point (e) to point (f) is the specified direction. The distance from point (e) to point (f) is a specified amount. That is, the tool 30 retracts from the work 20 by an amount designated in the designated direction from the retraction position (e). Furthermore, the retraction command creation unit 5 is a command for retracting the tool 30 from the work 20 by the designated amount in the designated direction from the point (e) which is the retraction position in roughing of the threading cycle. Create a save command. In the second step, the tool 30 does not cut the work 20.
　第３ステップにおいて、工具３０は、点（ｆ）と点（ｇ）とを結ぶ第３部分経路を、点（ｆ）から点（ｇ）まで移動する。点（ｆ）から点（ｇ）への向きは、工具３０がねじを形成する際に進行する向きと逆の向きである。点（ｆ）から点（ｇ）までの距離は、ひとつのアプローチの距離である。アプローチ算出部７は、点（ｆ）から点（ｇ）までのアプローチの距離を算出する。第３ステップでは、工具３０はワーク２０に対して切削加工を行わない。 In the third step, the tool 30 moves the third partial path connecting point (f) and point (g) from point (f) to point (g). The direction from point (f) to point (g) is opposite to the direction the tool 30 travels in forming the screw. The distance from point (f) to point (g) is the distance of one approach. The approach calculation unit 7 calculates the distance of the approach from the point (f) to the point (g). In the third step, the tool 30 does not cut the work 20.
　なお、工具３０は、点（ｅ）に位置した後に、点（ｆ）を通ることなく、点（ｅ）から点（ｇ）までの線分を直線的に移動して点（ｇ）に退避してもよい。この場合、退避指令作成部５は、ねじ切りサイクルの荒加工において、工具３０を、退避位置である点（ｅ）から工具３０がねじを形成する際に進行する向きの側と違う向きであって工具３０がねじを形成する際に進行する向きと平行でない向きに指定された量だけワーク２０から直線的に退避させるための指令である退避指令を作成する。指定された量は、点（ｅ）から点（ｇ）までの距離である。制御部６は、退避指令作成部５によって作成された退避指令にしたがって工具３０を退避位置から移動させる。 After the tool 30 is positioned at the point (e), the line segment from the point (e) to the point (g) is linearly moved without passing through the point (f) and retracted to the point (g) You may In this case, the retraction command creation unit 5 is in a direction different from the direction in which the tool 30 advances when forming the screw from the point (e) at the retraction position in roughing of the threading cycle When the tool 30 forms a screw, a retraction command is generated which is a command for receding linearly from the work 20 by an amount specified to be not parallel to the direction in which the tool 30 advances. The specified quantity is the distance from point (e) to point (g). The control unit 6 moves the tool 30 from the retracted position in accordance with the retraction command created by the retraction command creation unit 5.
　退避指令作成部５によって作成された退避指令にしたがって工具３０が退避位置から移動する際の工具３０の移動量について、更に説明する。第１ベクトルが、工具３０が退避位置から指定された向きに指定された量だけ移動したときの退避位置から工具３０の到達位置である中間位置までのベクトルであると定義されるとする。第１ベクトルの一例は、始点が点（ｅ）であって終点が点（ｆ）であるベクトルである。 The movement amount of the tool 30 when the tool 30 moves from the retracted position according to the retraction command created by the retraction command creation unit 5 will be further described. It is assumed that the first vector is defined as a vector from the retracted position when the tool 30 moves in the designated direction from the retracted position by a designated amount to an intermediate position which is the reached position of the tool 30. An example of the first vector is a vector whose start point is point (e) and whose end point is point (f).
　第２ベクトルが、工具３０が中間位置から工具３０がねじを形成する際に進行する向きと逆の向きに工具３０が荒加工において不完全ねじ部が形成されることを抑制するアプローチの距離だけ移動したときの中間位置から工具３０の到達位置までのベクトルであると定義されるとする。第２ベクトルの一例は、始点が点（ｆ）であって終点が点（ｇ）であるベクトルである。第１ベクトル及び第２ベクトルが上述の通りに定義された場合、退避指令作成部５によって作成された退避指令にしたがって工具３０が退避位置から移動する際の工具３０の移動量は、第１ベクトルに第２ベクトルを加えることによって得られる合成ベクトルの大きさである。つまり、当該移動量は、点（ｅ）から点（ｇ）までの距離である。 The second vector is only the distance of the approach that prevents the tool 30 from forming imperfect threads in roughing in the opposite direction to the direction the tool 30 travels from the intermediate position as it forms the screw. It is assumed that the vector is defined as a vector from an intermediate position when moved to an arrival position of the tool 30. An example of the second vector is a vector whose start point is point (f) and whose end point is point (g). When the first vector and the second vector are defined as described above, the movement amount of the tool 30 when the tool 30 moves from the retracted position according to the retraction command created by the retraction command creation unit 5 is the first vector The magnitude of the resultant vector obtained by adding the second vector to. That is, the movement amount is the distance from the point (e) to the point (g).
　第４ステップにおいて、工具３０は、点（ｇ）、点（ｅ）及び点（ｈ）をこの順で結ぶ第４部分経路を、点（ｇ）から点（ｈ）まで移動する。工具３０は、第４部分経路を移動する際に点（ｇ）から退避位置である点（ｅ）に戻り、点（ｅ）に戻った後に点（ｅ）から点（ｈ）までの部分経路においてワーク２０に対して切削加工を行う。点（ｅ）から点（ｈ）への向きは、点（ｂ）から点（ｅ）への向きと同じである。つまり、点（ｅ）から点（ｈ）への向きは、工具３０がねじを形成する際に進行する向きである。 In the fourth step, the tool 30 moves a fourth partial path connecting point (g), point (e) and point (h) in this order from point (g) to point (h). When moving the fourth partial path, the tool 30 returns from point (g) to the retracted position (e), and after returning to point (e), the partial path from point (e) to point (h) Cutting the workpiece 20 at a position shown in FIG. The orientation from point (e) to point (h) is the same as the orientation from point (b) to point (e). That is, the direction from point (e) to point (h) is the direction in which the tool 30 advances as it forms a screw.
　制御部６は、工具３０が第３の向きに移動した後に、工具３０を退避位置に移動させる。上述の例では、制御部６は、工具３０が点（ｆ）から点（ｇ）まで移動した後に、工具３０を退避位置である点（ｅ）に移動させる。工具３０が退避位置である点（ｅ）から点（ｇ）までの線分を直線的に移動して退避した後においても、制御部６は、工具３０を退避位置である点（ｅ）に移動させる。工具３０が退避した後に退避位置である点（ｅ）に戻った後、制御部６は工具３０を点（ｅ）から点（ｈ）まで移動させる。 The control unit 6 moves the tool 30 to the retracted position after the tool 30 moves in the third direction. In the above-described example, the control unit 6 moves the tool 30 to the retracted position (e) after the tool 30 moves from the point (f) to the point (g). Even after the line segment from the point (e) to the point (g) at which the tool 30 is retracted is linearly moved and retracted, the control unit 6 sets the tool 30 to the point (e) at the retracted position. Move it. After returning to the retracted position (e) after the tool 30 retracts, the control unit 6 moves the tool 30 from the point (e) to the point (h).
　第５ステップにおいて、第２ステップにおける場合と同様に、工具３０は、点（ｈ）と点（ｉ）とを結ぶ第５部分経路を、点（ｈ）から点（ｉ）まで移動する。点（ｈ）から点（ｉ）への向きは、指定された向きである。点（ｈ）から点（ｉ）までの距離は、指定された量である。つまり、工具３０は、退避位置である点（ｈ）から指定された向きに指定された量だけワーク２０から退避する。更に言うと、退避指令作成部５は、ねじ切りサイクルの荒加工において、工具３０を退避位置である点（ｈ）から指定された向きに指定された量だけワーク２０から退避させるための指令である退避指令を作成する。第５ステップでは、工具３０はワーク２０に対して切削加工を行わない。 In the fifth step, as in the second step, the tool 30 moves the fifth partial path connecting the point (h) and the point (i) from the point (h) to the point (i). The direction from point (h) to point (i) is the specified direction. The distance from point (h) to point (i) is a specified amount. That is, the tool 30 retracts from the work 20 by the designated amount in the designated direction from the retraction position (h). Furthermore, the retraction command creation unit 5 is a command for retracting the tool 30 from the work 20 by the designated amount in the designated direction from the point (h) which is the retraction position in roughing of the threading cycle. Create a save command. In the fifth step, the tool 30 does not cut the work 20.
　第６ステップにおいて、第３ステップにおける場合と同様に、工具３０は、点（ｉ）と点（ｊ）とを結ぶ第６部分経路を、点（ｉ）から点（ｊ）まで移動する。点（ｉ）から点（ｊ）への向きは、工具３０がねじを形成する際に進行する向きと逆の向きである。点（ｉ）から点（ｊ）までの距離は、ひとつのアプローチの距離である。アプローチ算出部７は、点（ｉ）から点（ｊ）までのアプローチの距離を算出する。第６ステップでは、工具３０はワーク２０に対して切削加工を行わない。 In the sixth step, as in the third step, the tool 30 moves the sixth partial path connecting the point (i) and the point (j) from the point (i) to the point (j). The direction from point (i) to point (j) is opposite to the direction the tool 30 travels in forming the screw. The distance from point (i) to point (j) is the distance of one approach. The approach calculation unit 7 calculates the distance of the approach from the point (i) to the point (j). In the sixth step, the tool 30 does not cut the work 20.
　第７ステップにおいて、第４ステップにおける場合と同様に、工具３０は、点（ｊ）、点（ｈ）及び点（ｃ）をこの順で結ぶ第７部分経路を、点（ｊ）から点（ｃ）まで移動する。工具３０は、第７部分経路を移動する際に点（ｊ）から退避位置である点（ｈ）に戻り、点（ｈ）に戻った後に点（ｈ）から点（ｃ）までの部分経路においてワーク２０に対して切削加工を行う。点（ｈ）から点（ｃ）への向きは、点（ｂ）から点（ｅ）への向きと同じである。つまり、点（ｈ）から点（ｃ）への向きは、工具３０がねじを形成する際に進行する向きである。 In the seventh step, as in the fourth step, the tool 30 connects the point (j) from the point (j) to the seventh partial path connecting the points (j), (h) and (c) in this order. Move to c). When moving the seventh partial path, the tool 30 returns from the point (j) to the retracted position (h), and after returning to the point (h), the partial path from the point (h) to the point (c) Cutting the workpiece 20 at a position shown in FIG. The orientation from point (h) to point (c) is the same as the orientation from point (b) to point (e). That is, the direction from point (h) to point (c) is the direction in which the tool 30 advances as it forms a screw.
　第８ステップにおいて、工具３０は、点（ｃ）、点（ｄ）及び点（ａ）をこの順で結ぶ第８部分経路を、点（ｃ）から点（ａ）まで移動する。工具３０は、終端点である点（ｃ）においてワーク２０から退避する。第８ステップでは、工具３０はワーク２０に対して切削加工を行わない。上述した第１ステップから第８ステップまでの８個のステップが、実施の形態における荒加工の１サイクルである。ねじ切りサイクルにおいて、上記の１サイクルの荒加工が切り込み量を変化させながら複数回行われる。 In an eighth step, the tool 30 moves an eighth partial path connecting the point (c), the point (d) and the point (a) in this order from the point (c) to the point (a). The tool 30 retracts from the work 20 at the end point (c). In the eighth step, the tool 30 does not cut the work 20. The eight steps from the first step to the eighth step described above are one cycle of roughing in the embodiment. In the threading cycle, the above-described one cycle of roughing is performed a plurality of times while changing the cutting amount.
　図３の例では、点（ｂ）から点（ｃ）までの間の被ねじ切り加工部は、二つの退避位置である点（ｅ）及び点（ｈ）において分割される。つまり、図３の例では、リード軸の方向における被ねじ切り加工部が、点（ｂ）から点（ｅ）までの第１区間と、点（ｅ）から点（ｈ）までの第２区間と、点（ｈ）から点（ｃ）までの第３区間との３個の区間に分割される。そのため、図２を用いて説明した場合に比べて、図３を用いて説明した実施の形態では、切粉の長さは短くなる。つまり、切粉がワーク２０と工具３０との一方又は双方に巻き付くことは抑制され、ひいてはワーク２０と工具３０との一方又は双方が欠損することは抑制される。 In the example of FIG. 3, the threaded portion between point (b) and point (c) is divided at two retracted positions, point (e) and point (h). That is, in the example of FIG. 3, the threaded portion in the direction of the lead axis has a first section from point (b) to point (e) and a second section from point (e) to point (h) , Divided into three sections from the point (h) to the third section from the point (c). Therefore, in the embodiment described with reference to FIG. 3, the length of the chips is shorter than in the case described with reference to FIG. 2. That is, the chips are prevented from being wound around one or both of the work 20 and the tool 30, and thus, the loss of one or both of the work 20 and the tool 30 is suppressed.
　ねじ切りサイクルにおける仕上げ加工では、形成されるねじの形状の精度を向上させるために、工具３０は、図３の点（ａ）、点（ｂ）、点（ｃ）、点（ｄ）及び点（ａ）をこの順に移動する。工具３０は、点（ｂ）から点（ｃ）まで移動する際、ワーク２０に対して切削加工を行う。 In the finishing process in the threading cycle, in order to improve the accuracy of the shape of the formed screw, the tool 30 is shown in FIG. 3 as points (a), (b), (c), (d) and (d) Move a) in this order. The tool 30 performs cutting on the work 20 when moving from the point (b) to the point (c).
　次に、工具３０が上述した第１ステップから第８ステップまでの８個のステップを含む荒加工において移動する場合の数値制御装置１の機能について更に説明する。解析部２は、数値制御装置１の外部からワーク２０を回転させるための指令である回転指令を受け取って解析する。解析部２は、解析結果を主軸アンプ用データ作成部１１に出力する。主軸アンプ用データ作成部１１は、解析結果に対応するデータであって主軸アンプ１２が処理することができる主軸用データを作成して主軸アンプ１２に出力する。 Next, the function of the numerical control device 1 when the tool 30 moves in roughing including the eight steps from the first step to the eighth step described above will be further described. The analysis unit 2 receives and analyzes a rotation command which is a command for rotating the work 20 from the outside of the numerical control device 1. The analysis unit 2 outputs the analysis result to the spindle amplifier data creation unit 11. The spindle amplifier data creation unit 11 creates spindle data, which is data corresponding to the analysis result and can be processed by the spindle amplifier 12, and outputs the spindle data to the spindle amplifier 12.
　主軸アンプ１２は、主軸アンプ用データ作成部１１から主軸用データを受け取って、解析結果に対応する単位時間当たりの回転数で主軸モータ１３を回転させる。主軸モータ１３は、主軸アンプ１２による制御によって回転し、工作機械の主軸を回転させて工作機械に取り付けられたワーク２０を回転させる。工作機械は、図示されていない。 The spindle amplifier 12 receives spindle data from the spindle amplifier data creation unit 11 and rotates the spindle motor 13 at the number of revolutions per unit time corresponding to the analysis result. The spindle motor 13 rotates under the control of the spindle amplifier 12, rotates the spindle of the machine tool, and rotates the workpiece 20 attached to the machine tool. The machine tool is not shown.
　解析部２は、数値制御装置１の外部から与えられるねじ切りサイクル指令も解析する。例えば、ねじ切りサイクル指令は下記のプログラムされた指令である。下記のねじ切りサイクル指令の文字列「Ｇ７６」は、ねじ切りサイクルを指定する準備機能指令である。
　　　　　Ｇ７６　Ｘｘ　Ｚｚ　Ｋｋ　Ｄｄ　Ｆｆ　Ｌｍｒ　Ｊｊ; The analysis unit 2 also analyzes a threading cycle command given from the outside of the numerical control device 1. For example, the threading cycle command is the following programmed command. The following threading cycle command character string "G76" is a preparatory function command for specifying a threading cycle.
G76 Xx Zz Kk Dd Ff Lmr Jj;
　上記のねじ切りサイクル指令の文字列「Ｘｘ」のうちの文字「Ｘ」はねじ切りの始点の座標を意味し、文字列「Ｘｘ」のうちの文字「ｘ」はねじ切りの始点の座標における具体的な値を意味する。上記のねじ切りサイクル指令の文字列「Ｚｚ」のうちの文字「Ｚ」はねじ切りの終点の座標を意味し、文字列「Ｚｚ」のうちの文字「ｚ」はねじ切りの終点の座標における具体的な値を意味する。 The character "X" in the character string "Xx" of the above-mentioned threading cycle command means the coordinate of the start point of threading, and the character "x" in the character string "Xx" is the concrete at the coordinate of the start point of threading Means a value. The letter "Z" in the letter string "Zz" of the above-mentioned threading cycle command means the coordinate of the threading end point, and the letter "z" in the letter string "Zz" is the concrete in the coordinates of the threading end point Means a value.
　上記のねじ切りサイクル指令の文字列「Ｋｋ」のうちの文字「Ｋ」はねじ山の高さを意味し、文字列「Ｋｋ」のうちの文字「ｋ」はねじ山の高さの具体的な値を意味する。上記のねじ切りサイクル指令の文字列「Ｄｄ」のうちの文字「Ｄ」は荒加工におけるサイクル毎の切り込み量を意味し、文字列「Ｄｄ」のうちの文字「ｄ」は当該切り込み量の具体的な値を意味する。 The letter “K” in the string “Kk” of the above threading cycle command means the height of the thread, and the letter “k” in the string “Kk” is the specific height of the thread Means a value. The character "D" in the character string "Dd" of the above-mentioned threading cycle command means the cut amount for each cycle in roughing, and the character "d" in the character string "Dd" is a concrete cut amount of the relevant cut amount Mean value.
　上記のねじ切りサイクル指令の文字列「Ｆｆ」のうちの文字「Ｆ」はねじのリードを意味する。リードは、ワーク２０が一回転する場合の工具３０の移動量である。文字列「Ｆｆ」のうちの文字「ｆ」は当該リードの具体的な値を意味する。上記のねじ切りサイクル指令の文字列「Ｌｍｒ」のうちの文字「Ｌ」は工具３０がワーク２０から退避することに関することを意味し、文字列「Ｌｍｒ」のうちの文字「ｍ」は退避軸番号を意味し、文字列「Ｌｍｒ」のうちの文字「ｒ」は退避回数を意味する。 The letter "F" in the letter string "Ff" of the above-mentioned threading cycle command means the lead of the screw. The lead is the amount of movement of the tool 30 when the work 20 makes one rotation. The character "f" in the character string "Ff" means a specific value of the read. The letter "L" in the letter string "Lmr" of the above-mentioned threading cycle command means that the tool 30 relates to withdrawal from the work 20, and the letter "m" in the letter string "Lmr" is the withdrawal axis number The letter "r" in the letter string "Lmr" means the number of evacuations.
　上記のねじ切りサイクル指令の文字列「Ｊｊ」のうちの文字「Ｊ」は工具３０がワーク２０から退避する際の移動量を意味し、文字列「Ｊｊ」のうちの文字「ｊ」は当該移動量の具体的な値を意味する。上記のねじ切りサイクル指令の文字列「;」は、当該指令の終わりを意味する。 The character "J" in the character string "Jj" of the above-mentioned threading cycle command means the movement amount when the tool 30 retracts from the work 20, and the character "j" in the character string "Jj" is the movement It means the specific value of the quantity. The string ";" in the threading cycle command above means the end of the command.
　上述の通り、解析部２は、例えば上記の文字列「Ｇ７６」から始まるねじ切りサイクル指令を解析する。つまり、解析部２は、ねじ切りの始点の座標と、ねじ切りの終点の座標と、ねじ山の高さと、荒加工におけるサイクル毎の切り込み量と、リードと、退避軸と、退避回数と、工具３０がワーク２０から退避する際の移動量とを特定する。図３を用いて説明した例では、退避軸が点（ｅ）から点（ｆ）までの直線部を含む第１の軸と、点（ｈ）から点（ｉ）までの直線部を含む第２の軸とであると解析部２によって特定される。 As described above, the analysis unit 2 analyzes, for example, the threading cycle command starting from the above-mentioned character string "G76". That is, the analysis unit 2 calculates the coordinates of the start point of threading, the coordinates of the end point of threading, the height of the thread, the cut amount for each cycle in roughing, the lead, the retraction axis, the number of retractions, and the tool 30. Identifies the amount of movement at the time of evacuation from the work 20. In the example described with reference to FIG. 3, the retraction axis includes a first axis including a straight portion from point (e) to point (f) and a straight portion including a point from (h) to point (i) The analysis unit 2 identifies this as an axis of two.
　加えて、解析部２によって、退避回数は２回であって、２回の退避回数、第１の軸及び第２の軸から、退避位置は点（ｅ）及び点（ｈ）であると特定される。解析部２は、工具３０がワーク２０から退避する際の移動量、第１の軸及び第２の軸から、二つの退避位置である点（ｅ）及び点（ｈ）の各々から工具３０を退避させる向きと退避させる量とを特定する。 In addition, it is specified by the analysis unit 2 that the number of withdrawals is two and the withdrawal positions are the point (e) and the point (h) from the first and second axes twice. Be done. The analysis unit 2 moves the tool 30 from each of the points (e) and (h) which are two retracted positions from the movement amount when the tool 30 retracts from the work 20 and from the first axis and the second axis. The direction of evacuation and the amount of evacuation are specified.
　解析部２は、解析結果をねじ切りサイクル処理部３に出力する。ねじ切りサイクル処理部３において、退避指令作成部５は、解析部２からの解析結果をもとに、ねじ切りサイクルの荒加工における工具３０を退避位置から指定された向きに指定された量だけ退避させるための指令である退避指令を作成する。図３の例では、指定された向きのひとつは、点（ｅ）から点（ｆ）への向きであり、指定された向きの別のひとつは、点（ｈ）から点（ｉ）への向きである。指定された量のひとつは点（ｅ）から点（ｆ）までの長さであり、指定された量の別のひとつは点（ｈ）から点（ｉ）までの長さである。 The analysis unit 2 outputs the analysis result to the threading cycle processing unit 3. In the threading cycle processing unit 3, based on the analysis result from the analysis unit 2, the retraction command creating unit 5 retracts the tool 30 in roughing of the threading cycle from the retraction position by a designated amount in the designated direction. Create a save command that is a command for In the example of FIG. 3, one of the designated orientations is the orientation from point (e) to point (f), and another one of the designated orientations is from point (h) to point (i) It is the direction. One of the specified quantities is the length from point (e) to point (f) and another one of the specified quantities is the length from point (h) to point (i).
　退避回数が「ｒ」で示され、図３の点（ｂ）の位置の座標が「Ａ」であって、図３の点（ｂ）から点（ｃ）までの長さが「Ｂ」である場合、退避指令作成部５は、下記の数式（１）により１番目の退避位置Ｐ１を特定し、下記の数式（２）により２番目の退避位置Ｐ２を特定し、下記の数式（３）によりｒ番目の退避位置Ｐｒを特定する。なお、ｒは２以上の整数である。座標Ａは、リード軸上の座標である。退避位置Ｐ１、退避位置Ｐ２及び退避位置Ｐｒの各々の座標は、図２の点（ｂ）から点（ｃ）への向きが正である場合の座標である。 The number of evacuations is indicated by "r", the coordinates of the position of point (b) in FIG. 3 are "A", and the length from point (b) to point (c) in FIG. 3 is "B" some cases, save command generating section 5, the following equation (1) identifies a first retracted position P 1, the following equation (2) to identify the second retracted position P 2, the following equation ( 3) identify the r-th evacuation position P r . Here, r is an integer of 2 or more. Coordinates A are coordinates on the lead axis. The coordinates of each of the retracted position P 1 , the retracted position P 2, and the retracted position P r are coordinates when the direction from the point (b) to the point (c) in FIG. 2 is positive.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-M000002
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-M000002
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-M000003
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-M000003
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-M000004
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-M000004
　アプローチ算出部７は、上述のように、退避指令作成部５によって作成された退避指令にしたがって工具３０が退避位置から退避した後に工具３０がねじを形成する際に進行する向きの側と違う向きである第３の向きに移動してから工具３０が退避位置に移動する場合において、工具３０が退避した後に工具３０が上記の第３の向きに移動する量であるアプローチの距離を算出する。更にいうと、アプローチ算出部７は、荒加工において不完全ねじ部が形成されることを抑制するアプローチの距離を算出する。 As described above, the approach calculation unit 7 has a direction different from the direction in which the tool 30 advances when the tool 30 forms a screw after the tool 30 retracts from the retraction position according to the retraction command created by the retraction command creation unit 5 When the tool 30 moves to the retracted position after moving in the third direction, the distance of the approach, which is the amount by which the tool 30 moves in the third direction after the tool 30 retracts, is calculated. Furthermore, the approach calculation unit 7 calculates the distance of the approach that suppresses the formation of the incompletely threaded portion in roughing.
　工具３０は、サーボモータ１６に駆動されて移動する。例えば、アプローチ算出部７は、工具３０が向きを変えて移動する際のサーボモータ１６が工具３０を加速させる能力をもとにアプローチの距離を算出する。 The tool 30 is driven by the servomotor 16 to move. For example, the approach calculation unit 7 calculates the approach distance based on the ability of the servomotor 16 to accelerate the tool 30 when the tool 30 changes its direction and moves.
　又は、上記の第３の向きが、工具３０がねじを形成する際に進行する向きと逆の向きである場合、アプローチ算出部７は、下記の数式（４）によりアプローチの距離δを算出する。数式（４）において、δの単位は「ｍｍ」であり、Ｖはねじ切り速度（ｍｍ／ｍｉｎ）であり、ｔ１はねじのピッチの誤差が許容限界になるまでの時間（秒）であり、Ｔｓは工具３０の加減速時定数（秒）であり、Ｔｐは工具３０の位置ループ時定数（秒）である。 Alternatively, when the above-mentioned third direction is the direction opposite to the direction in which the tool 30 advances when forming the screw, the approach calculation unit 7 calculates the distance δ of the approach by the following equation (4) . In equation (4), the unit of δ is “mm”, V is the threading speed (mm / min), t1 is the time (seconds) until the error of the screw pitch becomes acceptable, Ts Is the acceleration / deceleration time constant (seconds) of the tool 30, and Tp is the position loop time constant (seconds) of the tool 30.
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-M000005
Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-M000005
　ねじ切り送り指令作成部４は、解析部２からの解析結果と、主軸アンプ１２からのデータとをもとに、リード軸において工具３０がねじを形成する際に進行する向きに工具３０を移動させるための送り指令を作成する。以下では、リード軸において工具３０がねじを形成する際に進行する向きに工具３０を移動させるための送り指令を、「リード軸の送り指令」と記載する。主軸アンプ１２からのデータは、主軸モータ１３の単位時間当たりの回転数を示すデータである。具体的には、主軸アンプ１２からのデータは、主軸モータ１３の１分間当たりの回転数を示すデータである。 Based on the analysis result from the analysis unit 2 and the data from the spindle amplifier 12, the threading feed command creation unit 4 moves the tool 30 in the direction in which the tool 30 advances when forming a screw on the lead shaft. Create a feed order for Hereinafter, a feed command for moving the tool 30 in a direction in which the tool 30 forms a screw on the lead shaft will be referred to as “feed command for lead shaft”. The data from the spindle amplifier 12 is data indicating the number of revolutions per unit time of the spindle motor 13. Specifically, the data from the spindle amplifier 12 is data indicating the number of revolutions per minute of the spindle motor 13.
　ねじ切り送り指令作成部４は、解析部２からの解析結果と、退避指令作成部５によって作成された退避指令と、アプローチ算出部７によって算出されたアプローチの距離とをもとに、工具３０が退避指令にしたがって退避した後に上記の第３の向きに、算出されたアプローチの距離だけ工具３０を移動させる指令を作成する。以下では、工具３０が退避指令にしたがって退避した後に上記の第３の向きに、算出されたアプローチの距離だけ工具３０を移動させる指令を「アプローチの距離の移動の指令」と記載する。 Based on the analysis result from the analysis unit 2, the retraction command created by the retraction command creation unit 5, and the approach distance calculated by the approach calculation unit 7, the threading feed command creation unit 4 uses the tool 30. After retracting according to the retracting command, a command to move the tool 30 by the calculated approach distance is generated in the third direction. Hereinafter, a command for moving the tool 30 by the calculated approach distance in the above-described third direction after the tool 30 is retracted according to the retraction command will be referred to as “a command for movement of the approach distance”.
　ねじ切り送り指令作成部４は、主軸アンプ１２からのデータを用いて、工具３０が上記の第３の向きにアプローチの距離だけ移動した後に工具３０を退避位置に移動させる指令を作成する。以下では、工具３０が上記の第３の向きにアプローチの距離だけ移動した後に工具３０を退避位置に移動させる指令を「復帰のための送り指令」と記載する。 The threading feed command generation unit 4 uses the data from the spindle amplifier 12 to generate a command to move the tool 30 to the retracted position after the tool 30 has moved in the third direction by the approach distance. Hereinafter, a command for moving the tool 30 to the retracted position after the tool 30 has moved in the above-described third direction by the approach distance will be referred to as “feed command for return”.
　制御部６は、図３を用いて説明した第１ステップから第７ステップまでの７個のステップの各々において、リード軸の送り指令と、退避指令と、アプローチの距離の移動の指令と、復帰のための送り指令とのうちのひとつ又は二つをサーボアンプ用データ作成部１４に出力する。 In each of the seven steps from the first step to the seventh step described with reference to FIG. 3, the control unit 6 returns the lead axis feed command, the retraction command, and the approach distance movement command, and returns One or two of the feed commands for the above are output to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14.
　サーボアンプ用データ作成部１４は、制御部６からの指令に対応するデータであってサーボアンプ１５が処理することができるサーボ用データを作成してサーボアンプ１５に出力する。サーボアンプ１５は、サーボアンプ用データ作成部１４からサーボ用データを受け取って、制御部６からの指令に対応する単位時間当たりの回転数でサーボモータ１６を回転させる。サーボモータ１６は、サーボアンプ１５による制御によって回転し、工具３０を制御部６からの指令の通りに移動させる。工具３０は、例えば図３を用いて説明した通りに移動する。 The servo amplifier data creation unit 14 creates servo data that is data corresponding to a command from the control unit 6 and that can be processed by the servo amplifier 15, and outputs the servo data to the servo amplifier 15. The servo amplifier 15 receives servo data from the servo amplifier data creation unit 14 and rotates the servomotor 16 at a rotation speed per unit time corresponding to a command from the control unit 6. The servomotor 16 is rotated by the control of the servo amplifier 15 and moves the tool 30 as instructed by the control unit 6. The tool 30 moves, for example, as described using FIG.
　図３を用いて説明した第１ステップから第８ステップまでの８個のステップと、ねじ切り送り指令作成部４、退避指令作成部５、制御部６及びアプローチ算出部７の機能との関係について説明する。第１ステップについて、制御部６はリード軸の送り指令をサーボアンプ用データ作成部１４に出力する。第２ステップについて、退避指令作成部５は退避指令を作成し、制御部６は退避指令をサーボアンプ用データ作成部１４に出力する。 The relationship between the eight steps from the first step to the eighth step described with reference to FIG. 3 and the functions of the threading feed command creation unit 4, the retraction command creation unit 5, the control unit 6, and the approach calculation unit 7 will be described. Do. In the first step, the control unit 6 outputs a lead axis feed command to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14. In the second step, the evacuation command creation unit 5 creates a evacuation instruction, and the control unit 6 outputs the evacuation instruction to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14.
　第３ステップについて、アプローチ算出部７はアプローチの距離を算出し、制御部６はアプローチの距離の移動の指令をサーボアンプ用データ作成部１４に出力する。第４ステップについて、制御部６は、復帰のための送り指令と、工具３０が退避位置である点（ｅ）に移動した後のリード軸の送り指令とをサーボアンプ用データ作成部１４に出力する。 In the third step, the approach calculation unit 7 calculates the approach distance, and the control unit 6 outputs a command for moving the approach distance to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14. In the fourth step, the control unit 6 outputs, to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14, a feed command for return and a feed command for the lead axis after the tool 30 has moved to the retracted position (e). Do.
　第５ステップについて、退避指令作成部５は退避指令を作成し、制御部６は退避指令をサーボアンプ用データ作成部１４に出力する。第６ステップについて、アプローチ算出部７はアプローチの距離を算出し、制御部６はアプローチの距離の移動の指令をサーボアンプ用データ作成部１４に出力する。第７ステップについて、制御部６は、復帰のための送り指令と、工具３０が退避位置である点（ｈ）に移動した後のリード軸の送り指令とをサーボアンプ用データ作成部１４に出力する。 In the fifth step, the evacuation command creation unit 5 creates a evacuation instruction, and the control unit 6 outputs the evacuation instruction to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14. In the sixth step, the approach calculation unit 7 calculates the approach distance, and the control unit 6 outputs a command for moving the approach distance to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14. In the seventh step, the control unit 6 outputs, to the servo amplifier data creating unit 14, a feed command for return and a feed command for the lead axis after the tool 30 has moved to the retracted position (h). Do.
　第８ステップについて、制御部６は、点（ｃ）、点（ｄ）及び点（ａ）をこの順で結ぶ第８部分経路において、工具３０を点（ｃ）から点（ａ）まで移動させる送り指令を作成し、当該送り指令をサーボアンプ用データ作成部１４に出力する。 In the eighth step, the control unit 6 moves the tool 30 from the point (c) to the point (a) in an eighth partial path connecting the points (c), (d) and (a) in this order. A feed command is created, and the feed command is output to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14.
　ねじ切りサイクルの仕上げ加工では、ねじ切り送り指令作成部４は、工具３０を退避させない指令を作成する。つまり、仕上げ加工では、ねじ切り送り指令作成部４は、工具３０を点（ａ）、点（ｂ）、点（ｃ）、点（ｄ）及び点（ａ）の順に移動させる送り指令を作成し、制御部６は当該送り指令をサーボアンプ用データ作成部１４に出力する。 In the finishing process of the threading cycle, the threading feed command creation unit 4 creates a command not to retract the tool 30. That is, in the finishing process, the threading feed command creation unit 4 creates a feed command for moving the tool 30 in order of point (a), point (b), point (c), point (d) and point (a) The controller 6 outputs the feed command to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14.
　図４は、実施の形態にかかる数値制御装置１が有する制御部６が指令をサーボアンプ用データ作成部１４に出力する際の制御部６と数値制御装置１が有する判断部８との動作の手順を示すフローチャートである。ねじ切りサイクル処理部３の判断部８は、ねじ切りサイクルにおける現在の加工が荒加工であるか否かを判断する（Ｓ１１）。例えば、判断部８は、現在の切り込み量をもとに現在の加工が荒加工であるか否かを判断する（Ｓ１１）。現在の加工が荒加工でないと判断部８によって判断された場合（Ｓ１１でＮｏ）、制御部６は、リード軸の送り指令をサーボアンプ用データ作成部１４に出力する（Ｓ１２）。 FIG. 4 shows the operations of the control unit 6 when the control unit 6 of the numerical control device 1 according to the embodiment outputs a command to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14 and the judgment unit 8 of the numerical control device 1. It is a flowchart which shows a procedure. The determination unit 8 of the threading cycle processing unit 3 determines whether the current processing in the threading cycle is rough processing (S11). For example, the determination unit 8 determines whether the current processing is rough processing based on the current amount of cutting (S11). If it is determined by the determination unit 8 that the current processing is not rough processing (No in S11), the control unit 6 outputs a lead axis feed command to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14 (S12).
　現在の加工が荒加工であると判断部８によって判断された場合（Ｓ１１でＹｅｓ）、判断部８は、工具３０が退避位置に到達したか否かを判断する（Ｓ１３）。ステップＳ１３において、例えば、工具３０が退避位置を通過したときにオンとなり工具３０が退避位置に到達していないときにオフとなるフラグが数値制御装置１に設けられている場合、判断部８は当該フラグをもとに、工具３０が退避位置に到達したか否かを判断する。工具３０が退避位置に到達していないと判断部８によって判断された場合（Ｓ１３でＮｏ）、制御部６は、リード軸の送り指令をサーボアンプ用データ作成部１４に出力する（Ｓ１２）。 When it is determined by the determination unit 8 that the current processing is rough processing (Yes in S11), the determination unit 8 determines whether the tool 30 has reached the retracted position (S13). In step S13, for example, when the numerical control device 1 is provided with a flag that is turned on when the tool 30 passes the retracted position and turned off when the tool 30 has not reached the retracted position, the determination unit 8 Based on the flag, it is determined whether the tool 30 has reached the retracted position. If the determination unit 8 determines that the tool 30 has not reached the retracted position (No in S13), the control unit 6 outputs a lead axis feed command to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14 (S12).
　工具３０が退避位置に到達したと判断部８によって判断された場合（Ｓ１３でＹｅｓ）、制御部６は、退避指令をサーボアンプ用データ作成部１４に出力する。制御部６が退避指令を出力した後、判断部８は、工具３０が退避しているか否かを判断する（Ｓ１４）。工具３０が退避していないと判断部８によって判断された場合（Ｓ１４でＮｏ）、制御部６は、退避指令をサーボアンプ用データ作成部１４に出力する（Ｓ１５）。 If the determination unit 8 determines that the tool 30 has reached the retracted position (Yes in S13), the control unit 6 outputs a retraction command to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14. After the control unit 6 outputs the retraction command, the determination unit 8 determines whether the tool 30 is retracted (S14). If the determination unit 8 determines that the tool 30 is not retracted (No in S14), the control unit 6 outputs a retraction command to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14 (S15).
　工具３０が退避中であると判断部８によって判断された場合（Ｓ１４でＹｅｓ）、判断部８は、工具３０がアプローチ算出部７によって算出されたアプローチの距離を移動することが完了したか否かを判断する（Ｓ１６）。工具３０がアプローチの距離を移動することが完了していないと判断部８によって判断された場合（Ｓ１６でＮｏ）、制御部６は、アプローチの距離の移動の指令をサーボアンプ用データ作成部１４に出力する（Ｓ１７）。 When it is determined by the determination unit 8 that the tool 30 is retracting (Yes in S14), the determination unit 8 determines whether or not the tool 30 has moved the approach distance calculated by the approach calculation unit 7 It is determined (S16). When it is determined by the determination unit 8 that the tool 30 has not moved the approach distance (No in S16), the control unit 6 instructs the command for moving the approach distance to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14 Output (S17).
　工具３０がアプローチの距離を移動することが完了したと判断部８によって判断された場合（Ｓ１６でＹｅｓ）、制御部６は、復帰のための送り指令と、工具３０が退避位置に移動した後のリード軸の送り指令とをサーボアンプ用データ作成部１４に出力する（Ｓ１８）。図４のステップＳ１８では、工具３０が退避位置に移動した後のリード軸の送り指令は「復帰後のリード軸の送り指令」と記載されている。 When it is determined by the determination unit 8 that the tool 30 has moved the approach distance (Yes in S16), the control unit 6 sends a feed command for return and after the tool 30 has moved to the retracted position The feed command of the lead axis of is output to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14 (S18). In step S18 of FIG. 4, the lead axis feed command after the tool 30 has moved to the retracted position is described as “feed axis lead command after return”.
　不完全ねじ部が形成されることを抑制するために、工具３０がワーク２０から退避する位置と、工具３０がワーク２０から退避した後にリード軸に復帰する位置とは一致しなければならない。例えば、退避前のねじ溝の位置と復帰後のねじ溝の位置とは一致しなければならない。退避から復帰までの工具３０の動作について、以下の条件１、条件２及び条件３が必要になる。 In order to suppress the formation of the incompletely threaded portion, the position at which the tool 30 retracts from the workpiece 20 and the position at which the tool 30 retracts from the workpiece 20 and returns to the lead shaft must match. For example, the position of the thread groove before retraction and the position of the thread groove after return must match. The following condition 1, condition 2 and condition 3 are necessary for the operation of the tool 30 from retraction to return.
　条件１は、工具３０が退避指令作成部５によって作成された退避指令にしたがって退避する動作についての条件である。図５は、実施の形態にかかる数値制御装置１が有する退避指令作成部５によって作成された退避指令にしたがって工具３０が退避する動作を説明するための図である。図５の上部は、工具３０がワーク２０にねじを形成する際に進行する向きを矢印で示している。図５の上部には、ワーク２０も示されている。ワーク２０は、ねじが形成された状態で示されている。 Condition 1 is a condition for an operation of retracting the tool 30 according to the retraction command created by the retraction command creation unit 5. FIG. 5 is a diagram for describing an operation of retracting the tool 30 in accordance with the retraction command created by the retraction command creating unit 5 of the numerical control device 1 according to the embodiment. The upper part of FIG. 5 indicates the direction in which the tool 30 advances as it forms a screw on the work 20 with an arrow. The workpiece 20 is also shown at the top of FIG. The workpiece 20 is shown in a screw-formed state.
　図５の下部は、ワーク２０が取り付けられた工作機械の主軸の外周の特定の部位が時間の経過と共に変化する状況を示している。主軸は主軸モータ１３によって制御されて回転するので、上記の特定の部位の位置は０度から３６０度までの間の角度で表現される。３６０度は、０度と同じ位置である。図５の例えば二つの破線に着目して図５の上部と下部とを対比すると明らかな通り、上記の特定の部位が０度に位置する場合にねじ溝が形成されるように、工具３０はリード軸を進行する。 The lower part of FIG. 5 shows a situation where a specific portion of the outer periphery of the spindle of the machine tool to which the workpiece 20 is attached changes with the passage of time. Since the spindle is controlled by the spindle motor 13 to rotate, the position of the specific part is expressed by an angle between 0 and 360 degrees. 360 degrees is the same position as 0 degrees. As is apparent when comparing the upper part and the lower part of FIG. 5 focusing on, for example, two broken lines in FIG. 5, the tool 30 is formed so that a screw groove is formed when the above-mentioned specific part is located at 0 degree. Advance lead axis.
　上述のように、工具３０はあるねじ溝においてワーク２０から退避し、退避した後に当該あるねじ溝に復帰してねじを形成する。図５において、ねじ切りサイクル指令をもとにした計算によって特定された退避位置が点Ｃ１及び点Ｃ２である場合を仮定する。点Ｃ１及び点Ｃ２はいずれも、工具３０がねじを形成する際に進行する向きにおいて、ねじ溝の手前に位置する。 As described above, the tool 30 retracts from the work 20 in a certain thread groove, and after retracting, returns to the certain thread groove to form a screw. In FIG. 5, it is assumed that the retracted position specified by the calculation based on the threading cycle command is the point C1 and the point C2. Both points C1 and C2 are located in front of the thread groove in the direction in which the tool 30 advances when forming the thread.
　ねじ切り送り指令作成部４は、工具３０がねじを形成する際に進行する向きに進行する場合において、工具３０が計算によって特定された点Ｃ１の直後に到達するねじ溝の位置である点Ｒ１を第１の退避位置と決定して退避指令を作成する。同様に、ねじ切り送り指令作成部４は、工具３０が計算によって特定された点Ｃ２の直後に到達するねじ溝の位置である点Ｒ２を第２の退避位置と決定して退避指令を作成する。制御部６は、ねじ切り送り指令作成部４によって作成された退避指令をサーボアンプ用データ作成部１４に出力する。図５では、点Ｒ１及び点Ｒ２は実際の退避位置と記載されている。 When the tool 30 travels in forming a screw, the threading feed command creation unit 4 moves the point R1 which is the position of the thread groove which is reached immediately after the point C1 specified by the calculation. It decides with the 1st evacuation position and creates evacuation command. Similarly, the threading feed command creation unit 4 creates a retraction command by determining the point R2 which is the position of the thread groove at which the tool 30 arrives immediately after the point C2 identified by the calculation as the second retraction position. The control unit 6 outputs the retraction command created by the threading feed command creation unit 4 to the servo amplifier data creation unit 14. In FIG. 5, the point R1 and the point R2 are described as the actual retracted position.
　すなわち、条件１は、工具３０がねじを形成する際に進行する向きに進行する場合において、工具３０が計算によって特定された点の直後に到達するねじ溝の位置を退避位置とするというものである。 That is, condition 1 is that the position of the screw groove which arrives immediately after the point specified by the calculation is taken as the retracted position when the tool 30 advances in the direction in which it is formed when forming the screw. is there.
　条件２は、上記の数式（４）により算出されるアプローチの距離δをリードの整数倍とするというものである。例えば、アプローチの距離δが５．３ｍｍであって、リードが３ｍｍである場合、アプローチ算出部７は３ｍｍの２倍の６ｍｍをアプローチの距離と算出する。このように、アプローチ算出部７は、アプローチの距離δをリードの整数倍となるように丸め込む場合、丸め込まれた後の値を丸め込まれる前の値より大きくしてアプローチの距離を算出する。 Condition 2 is to set the distance δ of the approach calculated by the above equation (4) to an integral multiple of the lead. For example, when the distance δ of the approach is 5.3 mm and the lead is 3 mm, the approach calculation unit 7 calculates 6 mm which is twice 3 mm as the distance of the approach. As described above, when the approach calculation unit 7 rounds the approach distance δ so as to be an integral multiple of the lead, the approach calculation unit 7 calculates the approach distance by making the value after rounding larger than the value before rounding.
　条件３は、工具３０が復帰する位置を上記の特定の部位が０度となる位置とするというものである。すなわち、工具３０は、ワーク２０から退避した後にねじ切り加工に復帰する場合、ワーク２０から退避したときの位置であってねじ溝の位置に復帰する。 Condition 3 is such that the position at which the tool 30 returns is the position at which the above specific part is at 0 degrees. That is, when the tool 30 retracts from the work 20 and returns to the threading process, the tool 30 returns to the position of the screw groove at the position when retracted from the work 20.
　上述の通り、退避指令作成部５によって作成された退避指令にしたがって工具３０が退避位置から退避した後に工具３０がねじを形成する際に進行する向きの側と違う向きである第３の向きに移動してから工具３０が退避位置に移動する場合において、アプローチ算出部７は、工具３０が退避した後に工具３０が上記の第３の向きに移動する量であるアプローチの距離を算出する。更に言うと、アプローチ算出部７は、荒加工において不完全ねじ部が形成されることを抑制するアプローチの距離を算出する。 As described above, after the tool 30 retracts from the retraction position according to the retraction command created by the retraction command creation unit 5, in the third direction which is different from the direction in which the tool 30 advances when forming the screw. When the tool 30 moves to the retracted position after movement, the approach calculation unit 7 calculates the approach distance which is the amount by which the tool 30 moves in the third direction after the tool 30 retracts. Furthermore, the approach calculation unit 7 calculates the distance of the approach that suppresses the formation of the incompletely threaded portion in roughing.
　具体的には、アプローチ算出部７は、工具３０が向きを変えて移動する際のサーボモータ１６が工具３０を加速させる能力をもとに、荒加工において不完全ねじ部が形成されることを抑制するアプローチの距離を算出する。又は、アプローチ算出部７は、上記の数式（４）によりアプローチの距離δを算出する。数値制御装置１は、不完全ねじ部が形成されることを抑制するアプローチの距離を算出するので、ねじ切りサイクルにおいて切粉の長さを短くすると共に、不完全ねじ部が形成されることを抑制することができる。 Specifically, on the basis of the ability of the servo motor 16 to accelerate the tool 30 when the tool 30 changes its direction, the approach calculation unit 7 forms an incomplete thread in roughing. Calculate the distance of the approach to suppress. Alternatively, the approach calculation unit 7 calculates the distance δ of the approach according to the above equation (4). The numerical control device 1 calculates the distance of the approach that suppresses the formation of the incomplete thread portion, and therefore shortens the chip length in the threading cycle and suppresses the formation of the incomplete thread portion can do.
　上述したように、リード軸方向におけるワーク２０の被ねじ切り加工部を複数の区間に分割することにより、切粉の長さを短くすることができ、切粉がワーク２０と工具３０との一方又は双方に巻き付くことは抑制される。つまり、リード軸方向におけるワーク２０の被ねじ切り加工部を複数の区間に分割することにより、ワーク２０と工具３０との一方又は双方が欠損することを抑制することができる。そのため、ねじ切りサイクルの荒加工では、ワーク２０の被ねじ切り加工部を複数の区間に分割することが好ましい。 As described above, by dividing the to-be-threaded portion of the work 20 in the lead axial direction into a plurality of sections, the length of the chips can be shortened, and the chips may be one of the work 20 and the tool 30 or Wrapping on both sides is suppressed. That is, by dividing the threaded portion of the work 20 in the lead axis direction into a plurality of sections, it is possible to suppress the loss of one or both of the work 20 and the tool 30. Therefore, in roughing of the threading cycle, it is preferable to divide the threaded portion of the work 20 into a plurality of sections.
　被ねじ切り加工部が複数の区間に分割された場合、ねじ切りサイクルの荒加工において工具３０は複数の退避位置の各々から退避する。退避位置から退避した工具３０が退避位置に復帰する場合、ワーク２０にねじを形成するために、退避位置における工具３０が進行する向きはリード軸方向と平行でなければならない。そのため、工具３０は、退避位置から退避した後に、工具３０がねじを形成する際に進行する向きの側と違う向きである第３の向きに移動する。 When the threaded portion is divided into a plurality of sections, the tool 30 retracts from each of the plurality of retraction positions in roughing of the threading cycle. When the tool 30 retracted from the retracted position returns to the retracted position, the direction in which the tool 30 advances at the retracted position must be parallel to the lead axis direction in order to form a screw on the work 20. Therefore, after retracting from the retracted position, the tool 30 moves in a third direction that is different from the direction in which the tool 30 advances when forming the screw.
　退避位置から退避した工具３０が退避位置に復帰する場合、サーボモータ１６が、工具３０が進む向きを変えて工具３０を移動させる。工具３０が向きを変えて移動する際のサーボモータ１６が工具３０を加速させる能力には限界がある。アプローチの距離が短いと、あらかじめ決められた時間に工具３０が退避位置に復帰することができない事態が生じたり、退避位置に復帰したときの工具３０が進行する向きがリード軸方向と平行にならない事態が生じる場合がある。その場合、工具３０が退避位置から退避したときにはワーク２０にはねじ山及びねじ谷が既に形成されているので、不完全ねじ部が形成される可能性が生じる。 When the tool 30 retracted from the retracted position returns to the retracted position, the servomotor 16 changes the direction in which the tool 30 advances to move the tool 30. There is a limit to the ability of the servomotor 16 to accelerate the tool 30 as the tool 30 turns and moves. If the approach distance is short, the tool 30 can not return to the retracted position at a predetermined time, or the direction in which the tool 30 advances when returned to the retracted position is not parallel to the lead axis direction Things can happen. In that case, when the tool 30 retracts from the retracted position, since threads and thread valleys are already formed on the work 20, there is a possibility that an incompletely threaded portion is formed.
　実施の形態にかかる数値制御装置１は、工具３０が向きを変えて移動する際のサーボモータ１６が工具３０を加速させる能力をもとに、荒加工において不完全ねじ部が形成されることを抑制するアプローチの距離を算出する。又は、数値制御装置１は、上記の数式（４）によりアプローチの距離を算出する。つまり、数値制御装置１は、荒加工において不完全ねじ部が形成されることを抑制するアプローチの距離を算出する。そのため、数値制御装置１は、ねじ切りサイクルにおいて切粉の長さを短くすると共に、不完全ねじ部が形成されることを抑制することができる。 In the numerical control device 1 according to the embodiment, the incomplete screw portion is formed in roughing based on the ability of the servomotor 16 to accelerate the tool 30 when the tool 30 changes its direction and moves. Calculate the distance of the approach to suppress. Alternatively, the numerical control device 1 calculates the approach distance according to the above equation (4). That is, the numerical control device 1 calculates the distance of the approach that suppresses the formation of the incompletely threaded portion in roughing. Therefore, the numerical control device 1 can shorten the chip length in the threading cycle and can suppress the formation of the incompletely threaded portion.
　ねじ切りサイクルにおける仕上げ加工では、ねじ切り送り指令作成部４は、工具３０を退避させない指令を作成する。そのため、数値制御装置１は、比較的精度の高いねじを形成させることができる。 In the finishing process in the threading cycle, the threading feed command creation unit 4 creates a command not to retract the tool 30. Therefore, the numerical control device 1 can form a screw with relatively high accuracy.
　図６は、実施の形態にかかる数値制御装置１が有する解析部２、ねじ切り送り指令作成部４、退避指令作成部５、制御部６、アプローチ算出部７及び判断部８の少なくとも一部の機能がプロセッサ６１によって実現される場合のプロセッサ６１を示す図である。つまり、解析部２、ねじ切り送り指令作成部４、退避指令作成部５、制御部６、アプローチ算出部７及び判断部８の少なくとも一部の機能は、メモリ６２に格納されるプログラムを実行するプロセッサ６１によって実現されてもよい。プロセッサ６１は、ＣＰＵ（Central　Processing　Unit）、処理装置、演算装置、マイクロプロセッサ、マイクロコンピュータ、又はＤＳＰ（Digital　Signal　Processor）である。図６には、メモリ６２も示されている。 6 shows at least a part of functions of an analysis unit 2, a threading feed command creation unit 4, a retraction command creation unit 5, a control unit 6, an approach calculation unit 7, and a determination unit 8 which the numerical control device 1 according to the embodiment has. Is a diagram showing the processor 61 when it is realized by the processor 61. That is, at least a part of the functions of the analysis unit 2, the threading feed command creation unit 4, the retraction command creation unit 5, the control unit 6, the approach calculation unit 7 and the determination unit 8 are processors that execute programs stored in the memory 62. It may be realized by 61. The processor 61 is a central processing unit (CPU), a processing device, an arithmetic device, a microprocessor, a microcomputer, or a digital signal processor (DSP). A memory 62 is also shown in FIG.
　解析部２、ねじ切り送り指令作成部４、退避指令作成部５、制御部６、アプローチ算出部７及び判断部８の少なくとも一部の機能がプロセッサ６１によって実現される場合、当該一部の機能は、プロセッサ６１と、ソフトウェア、ファームウェア、又は、ソフトウェア及びファームウェアとの組み合わせにより実現される。ソフトウェア又はファームウェアはプログラムとして記述され、メモリ６２に格納される。プロセッサ６１は、メモリ６２に記憶されたプログラムを読み出して実行することにより、解析部２、ねじ切り送り指令作成部４、退避指令作成部５、制御部６、アプローチ算出部７及び判断部８の少なくとも一部の機能を実現する。 When at least a part of the functions of the analysis unit 2, the threading feed command creation unit 4, the evacuation command creation unit 5, the control unit 6, the approach calculation unit 7 and the determination unit 8 is realized by the processor 61, the part of the functions is , A processor 61 and software, firmware, or a combination of software and firmware. The software or firmware is written as a program and stored in the memory 62. The processor 61 reads out and executes the program stored in the memory 62 to execute at least the analysis unit 2, the threading feed command creation unit 4, the retraction command creation unit 5, the control unit 6, the approach calculation unit 7, and the determination unit 8. Implement some functions.
　すなわち、解析部２、ねじ切り送り指令作成部４、退避指令作成部５、制御部６、アプローチ算出部７及び判断部８の少なくとも一部の機能がプロセッサ６１によって実現される場合、数値制御装置１は、解析部２、ねじ切り送り指令作成部４、退避指令作成部５、制御部６、アプローチ算出部７及び判断部８の一部によって実行されるステップが結果的に実行されることになるプログラムを格納するためのメモリ６２を有する。メモリ６２に格納されるプログラムは、解析部２、ねじ切り送り指令作成部４、退避指令作成部５、制御部６、アプローチ算出部７及び判断部８の一部が実行する手順又は方法をコンピュータに実行させるものであるともいえる。 That is, when at least a part of the functions of the analysis unit 2, the threading feed command creation unit 4, the retraction command creation unit 5, the control unit 6, the approach calculation unit 7 and the determination unit 8 is realized by the processor 61, the numerical control device 1 Is a program that results in execution of steps executed by the analysis unit 2, threading feed command creation unit 4, retraction command creation unit 5, control unit 6, approach calculation unit 7, and part of determination unit 8. Memory 62 for storing the The program stored in the memory 62 includes, as a computer, a procedure or method executed by a part of the analysis unit 2, threading feed command creation unit 4, retraction command creation unit 5, control unit 6, approach calculation unit 7 and determination unit 8. It can be said that it is something to be executed.
　メモリ６２は、例えば、ＲＡＭ（Random　Access　Memory）、ＲＯＭ（Read　Only　Memory）、フラッシュメモリ、ＥＰＲＯＭ（Erasable　Programmable　Read　Only　Memory）、ＥＥＰＲＯＭ（登録商標）（Electrically　Erasable　Programmable　Read-Only　Memory）等の不揮発性もしくは揮発性の半導体メモリ、磁気ディスク、フレキシブルディスク、光ディスク、コンパクトディスク、ミニディスク又はＤＶＤ（Digital　Versatile　Disk）等である。 The memory 62 is, for example, non-volatile, such as random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), flash memory, erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM), EEPROM (registered trademark) (electrically erasable programmable read only memory), etc. Alternatively, it is volatile semiconductor memory, magnetic disk, flexible disk, optical disk, compact disk, mini disk, DVD (Digital Versatile Disk), or the like.
　図７は、実施の形態にかかる数値制御装置１が有する解析部２、ねじ切り送り指令作成部４、退避指令作成部５、制御部６、アプローチ算出部７及び判断部８を構成する少なくとも一部の構成要素が処理回路７１によって実現される場合の処理回路７１を示す図である。つまり、解析部２、ねじ切り送り指令作成部４、退避指令作成部５、制御部６、アプローチ算出部７及び判断部８の機能の少なくとも一部は、処理回路７１によって実現されてもよい。 FIG. 7 shows at least a part of the analysis unit 2, the threading feed command creation unit 4, the retraction command creation unit 5, the control unit 6, the approach calculation unit 7, and the determination unit 8 included in the numerical control device 1 according to the embodiment. Is a diagram showing the processing circuit 71 when the components of the circuit are realized by the processing circuit 71. That is, at least a part of the functions of the analysis unit 2, the threading feed command creation unit 4, the retraction command creation unit 5, the control unit 6, the approach calculation unit 7 and the determination unit 8 may be realized by the processing circuit 71.
　処理回路７１は、専用のハードウェアである。処理回路７１は、例えば、単一回路、複合回路、プログラム化されたプロセッサ、並列プログラム化されたプロセッサ、ＡＳＩＣ（Application　Specific　Integrated　Circuit）、ＦＰＧＡ（Field-Programmable　Gate　Array）、又はこれらを組み合わせたものである。解析部２、ねじ切り送り指令作成部４、退避指令作成部５、制御部６、アプローチ算出部７及び判断部８の一部は、残部とは別個の専用のハードウェアであってもよい。 The processing circuit 71 is dedicated hardware. The processing circuit 71 may be, for example, a single circuit, a complex circuit, a programmed processor, a parallel programmed processor, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or a combination thereof. It is. The analysis unit 2, the threading feed command generation unit 4, the evacuation command generation unit 5, the control unit 6, the approach calculation unit 7, and a part of the determination unit 8 may be dedicated hardware separate from the remaining part.
　解析部２、ねじ切り送り指令作成部４、退避指令作成部５、制御部６、アプローチ算出部７及び判断部８の複数の機能について、当該複数の機能の一部がソフトウェア又はファームウェアで実現され、当該複数の機能の残部が専用のハードウェアで実現されてもよい。このように、解析部２、ねじ切り送り指令作成部４、退避指令作成部５、制御部６、アプローチ算出部７及び判断部８の複数の機能は、ハードウェア、ソフトウェア、ファームウェア、又はこれらの組み合わせによって実現することができる。 With respect to the plurality of functions of the analysis unit 2, threading feed command creation unit 4, retraction command creation unit 5, control unit 6, approach calculation unit 7, and determination unit 8, a part of the plurality of functions is realized by software or firmware, The rest of the plurality of functions may be realized by dedicated hardware. As described above, the plurality of functions of the analysis unit 2, threading feed command creation unit 4, retraction command creation unit 5, control unit 6, approach calculation unit 7, and determination unit 8 are hardware, software, firmware, or a combination of these. Can be realized by
　図１に示される主軸アンプ用データ作成部１１、主軸アンプ１２、サーボアンプ用データ作成部１４及びサーボアンプ１５の少なくとも一部の機能は、上述のプロセッサ６１と同じ機能を有するプロセッサによって実現されてもよい。主軸アンプ用データ作成部１１、主軸アンプ１２、サーボアンプ用データ作成部１４及びサーボアンプ１５の少なくとも一部の機能がプロセッサによって実現される場合、主軸アンプ用データ作成部１１、主軸アンプ１２、サーボアンプ用データ作成部１４及びサーボアンプ１５の少なくとも一部によって実行されるステップが結果的に実行されることになるプログラムを格納するためのメモリが用いられる。当該メモリは、上述のメモリ６２と同じ機能を有するメモリである。主軸アンプ用データ作成部１１、主軸アンプ１２、サーボアンプ用データ作成部１４及びサーボアンプ１５の少なくとも一部の機能は、上述の処理回路７１と同じ機能を有する処理回路によって実現されてもよい。 The functions of at least a part of the spindle amplifier data creating unit 11, the spindle amplifier 12, the servo amplifier data creating unit 14 and the servo amplifier 15 shown in FIG. 1 are realized by a processor having the same function as the processor 61 described above It is also good. When at least a part of the functions of the spindle amplifier data creating unit 11, the spindle amplifier 12, the servo amplifier data creating unit 14, and the servo amplifier 15 is realized by a processor, the spindle amplifier data creating unit 11, the spindle amplifier 12, the servo A memory is used to store a program that results in the steps executed by at least a part of the amplifier data creation unit 14 and the servo amplifier 15 being executed. The memory is a memory having the same function as the memory 62 described above. The functions of at least a part of the spindle amplifier data creating unit 11, the spindle amplifier 12, the servo amplifier data creating unit 14, and the servo amplifier 15 may be realized by a processing circuit having the same function as the processing circuit 71 described above.
　以上の実施の形態に示した構成は、本発明の内容の一例を示すものであり、別の公知の技術と組み合わせることも可能であるし、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で、構成の一部を省略又は変更することも可能である。 The configuration shown in the above embodiment shows an example of the contents of the present invention, and can be combined with another known technique, and one of the configurations is possible within the scope of the present invention. It is also possible to omit or change parts.
　１　数値制御装置、２　解析部、３　ねじ切りサイクル処理部、４　ねじ切り送り指令作成部、５　退避指令作成部、６　制御部、７　アプローチ算出部、８　判断部、１１　主軸アンプ用データ作成部、１２　主軸アンプ、１３　主軸モータ、１４　サーボアンプ用データ作成部、１５　サーボアンプ、１６　サーボモータ、２０　ワーク、３０　工具、６１　プロセッサ、６２　メモリ、７１　処理回路。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 numerical control device, 2 analysis unit, 3 threading cycle processing unit, 4 threading feed command creation unit, 5 retraction command creation unit, 6 control unit, 7 approach calculation unit, 8 determination unit, 11 spindle amplifier data creation unit, 12 Spindle amplifier, 13 spindle motors, 14 servo amplifier data creation unit, 15 servo amplifiers, 16 servo motors, 20 workpieces, 30 tools, 61 processors, 62 memories, 71 processing circuits.

Claims (7)

  1. 　ねじ切りサイクルの荒加工において、工具を、前記工具が退避を開始する位置である退避位置から指定された向きに指定された量だけ退避させるための指令である退避指令を作成する退避指令作成部と、
    　前記退避指令作成部によって作成された前記退避指令にしたがって前記工具が前記退避位置から退避した後に、前記工具を、ねじを形成する際に前記工具が進行する向きの側と違う向きである第３の向きに移動させると共に、前記工具が前記第３の向きに移動した後に、前記工具を前記退避位置に移動させる制御部と
    　を備えることを特徴とする数値制御装置。     And a retraction command creation unit for creating a retraction command which is a command for retracting the tool by a designated amount in a designated direction from a retraction position where the tool starts retraction in rough machining of the thread cutting cycle ,
    After the tool retracts from the retraction position according to the retraction command created by the retraction command creation unit, the tool has a direction different from the direction in which the tool advances when forming a screw A control unit for moving the tool to the retracted position after the tool has been moved in the third direction.
  2. 　前記制御部による制御によって前記工具が前記第３の向きに移動してから前記工具が前記退避位置に移動する場合において、前記工具が退避した後に前記工具が前記第３の向きに移動する量であるアプローチの距離であって前記荒加工において不完全ねじ部が形成されることを抑制する前記アプローチの距離を算出するアプローチ算出部
    　を更に備えることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の数値制御装置。     When the tool moves to the retracted position after the tool moves in the third direction by the control of the control unit, the amount of movement of the tool in the third direction after the tool retracts The numerical control device according to claim 1, further comprising: an approach calculation unit configured to calculate a distance of an approach, which is a distance of the approach to suppress formation of an incompletely threaded portion in the roughing process. .
  3. 　前記工具は、サーボモータに駆動されて移動し、
    　前記アプローチ算出部は、前記工具が向きを変えて移動する際の前記サーボモータが前記工具を加速させる能力をもとに前記アプローチの距離を算出する
    　ことを特徴とする請求項２に記載の数値制御装置。     The tool is driven by a servomotor to move
    The numerical value according to claim 2, wherein the approach calculation unit calculates the distance of the approach based on the ability of the servomotor to accelerate the tool when the tool moves in a different direction. Control device.
  4. 　前記第３の向きは、前記工具がねじを形成する際に進行する向きと逆の向きであり、
    　前記アプローチ算出部は、数１をもとに前記アプローチの距離を算出する
    　ことを特徴とする請求項２に記載の数値制御装置。
    Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-M000001
     　前記数１において、前記アプローチの距離はδで表され、δの単位は（ｍｍ）であり、Ｖはねじ切り速度（ｍｍ／ｍｉｎ）であり、ｔ１はねじのピッチの誤差が許容限界になるまでの時間（秒）であり、Ｔｓは前記工具の加減速時定数（秒）であり、Ｔｐは前記工具の位置ループ時定数（秒）である。     The third direction is opposite to the direction in which the tool advances in forming the screw,
    The numerical control device according to claim 2, wherein the approach calculation unit calculates the distance of the approach based on Formula 1.
    Figure JPOXMLDOC01-appb-M000001
     In the above equation 1, the distance of the approach is represented by δ, the unit of δ is (mm), V is the threading speed (mm / min), and t1 is until the tolerance of the screw pitch becomes acceptable. Ts is an acceleration / deceleration time constant (seconds) of the tool, and Tp is a position loop time constant (seconds) of the tool.
  5. 　前記ねじ切りサイクルの仕上げ加工において、前記工具を退避させない指令を作成するねじ切り送り指令作成部
    　を更に備えることを特徴とする請求項１から４のいずれか１項に記載の数値制御装置。     The numerical control device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: a threading feed command generation unit that generates a command for not retracting the tool in the finishing process of the threading cycle.
  6. 　ねじ切りサイクルの荒加工において、工具を、前記工具が退避を開始する位置である退避位置から前記工具がねじを形成する際に進行する向きの側と違う向きであって前記工具がねじを形成する際に進行する向きと平行でない向きに指定された量だけ直線的に退避させるための指令である退避指令を作成する退避指令作成部と、
    　前記退避指令作成部によって作成された前記退避指令にしたがって前記工具を前記退避位置から移動させると共に、前記工具が前記退避位置から退避した後に、前記工具を前記退避位置に移動させる制御部と
    　を備えることを特徴とする数値制御装置。     In the rough cutting of the threading cycle, the tool forms a screw in a direction different from the direction in which the tool advances when forming the screw from the retracted position where the tool starts retracting A retraction command creation unit that creates a retraction command that is a command for receding linearly by an amount specified in a direction that is not parallel to the direction of movement;
    A control unit that moves the tool from the retracted position according to the retraction command created by the retraction command creation unit, and moves the tool to the retracted position after the tool is retracted from the retracted position A numerical control device characterized by
  7. 　第１ベクトルが、前記工具が前記退避位置から指定された向きに指定された量だけ移動したときの前記退避位置から前記工具の到達位置である中間位置までのベクトルであると定義され、
    　第２ベクトルが、前記工具が前記中間位置から前記工具がねじを形成する際に進行する向きと逆の向きに前記工具が前記荒加工において不完全ねじ部が形成されることを抑制するアプローチの距離だけ移動したときの前記中間位置から前記工具の到達位置までのベクトルであると定義され、
    　前記退避指令作成部によって作成された前記退避指令にしたがって前記工具が前記退避位置から移動する際の前記工具の移動量は、前記第１ベクトルに前記第２ベクトルを加えることによって得られる合成ベクトルの大きさである
    　ことを特徴とする請求項６に記載の数値制御装置。     The first vector is defined as a vector from the retracted position when the tool has moved in the specified direction from the retracted position by a designated amount to an intermediate position, which is the reached position of the tool,
    An approach of the second vector that prevents the tool from forming imperfect threads in the roughing process in the opposite direction to the direction the tool travels from the intermediate position as the tool forms a screw. It is defined as a vector from the intermediate position when moved by a distance to the arrival position of the tool,
    The amount of movement of the tool when the tool moves from the retracted position according to the retraction command created by the retraction command creation unit is a combined vector obtained by adding the second vector to the first vector. The numerical control device according to claim 6, which is a size.
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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0788743A (en) * 1992-05-28 1995-04-04 Yamazaki Mazak Corp Screw thread cutting method in nc lathe
JPH10124127A (en) * 1996-10-16 1998-05-15 Mori Seiki Co Ltd Thread cutting device using nc lathe, and method therefor

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0788743A (en) * 1992-05-28 1995-04-04 Yamazaki Mazak Corp Screw thread cutting method in nc lathe
JPH10124127A (en) * 1996-10-16 1998-05-15 Mori Seiki Co Ltd Thread cutting device using nc lathe, and method therefor

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