WO2019007204A1 - 以压缩空气为动力的发射装置 - Google Patents

以压缩空气为动力的发射装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019007204A1
WO2019007204A1 PCT/CN2018/091319 CN2018091319W WO2019007204A1 WO 2019007204 A1 WO2019007204 A1 WO 2019007204A1 CN 2018091319 W CN2018091319 W CN 2018091319W WO 2019007204 A1 WO2019007204 A1 WO 2019007204A1
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Prior art keywords
launching
valve
fixed
tube
flange
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PCT/CN2018/091319
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李烨
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李烨
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Publication of WO2019007204A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019007204A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improvements in compressed air powered launchers, and more particularly to improvements in fire monitors.
  • Fire cannons can play a good role in long-distance fire extinguishing such as high-rise fire extinguishing and forest fire fighting.
  • Liu Gang doctoral thesis “Pneumatic Emission High-rise Building Fire Extinguisher Research” of Harbin Engineering University made this kind of fire cannon with compressed air as the launching power.
  • Most of the bomb-loading methods of the fire-fighting bombs use the pre-loading method.
  • the front loading method is inconvenient and the fire-fighting bombs are more easily broken.
  • the invention provides a compressed air-powered launching device, comprising a gas storage tank, a valve and a launching tube, the valve is connected to the gas storage tank and the launching tube, the launching tube is movable, and the guiding rail is fixed on the gas storage tank or the valve.
  • the launching tube is slidably engaged with the guide rail and can move axially along the guide rail. After the launching tube slides forward away from the valve for a certain distance, a space for loading the projectile can be vacated, and the projectile is placed in the space to drive the launch tube to slide backward and launch. The object enters the launch tube from the rear end of the launch tube.
  • the valve connecting the gas storage tank and the launching tube is preferably an electrically controlled diaphragm type pulse valve, and the diaphragm type pulse valve and the gas storage tank may be flanged or connected by a threaded pipe.
  • the electronically controlled diaphragm type pulse valve has the advantages of convenient control, rapid opening and closing, and large impact force.
  • the diaphragm type pulse valve can adopt a straight-through valve.
  • the straight-through valve When the straight-through valve is used, the axis of the gas storage tank and the launch tube are connected back and forth, and the axial length of the whole body is long.
  • the diaphragm type pulse valve can also adopt an angle valve.
  • the gas storage tank is parallel to the axis of the launching tube, and the front end of the gas storage tank is connected with the angle valve through the curved through tube, and the tail end of the gas storage tank and the outlet of the launch tube On the same side.
  • the angle of the body can be shortened by using an angle valve.
  • the pulse valve on the market is generally a threaded interface.
  • a flange transfer interface can be added, that is, a flange is fixed at the exit of the pulse valve.
  • a custom-made pulse valve with a flange with a flange can be directly used. .
  • the flange In order to ensure the sealing when the pulse valve is connected with the launching tube, there is a recess at the exit of the pulse valve. If the flange is fixed, it is recessed on the end surface of the flange, and the launching tube sinks into the recess at the limit position of sliding downward.
  • the inner wall of the recess has a ring groove, and the lip seal has a lip seal formed in a radial seal with the outer circle of the launch tube.
  • the protrusion may also be a pin-shaped protrusion.
  • there may be a tray the outer circle of the tray is matched with the inner diameter of the launch tube, and several holes at the rear of the tray are matched with the pin-shaped protrusions, and the tray and the projectile are emitted. Launched together.
  • the guide rails may be in the form of a frame combination, and the combined guide rails have at least two double-hole pipe ferrules separated by a distance, each of the double-hole pipe ferrules has upper and lower holes, and the upper holes are slidably engaged with the outer circle of the launching pipe.
  • the lower hole clamps the gas storage tank, and the left and right clamping plates are fixed together with the double-hole pipe clamp, and the rear part of the clamping plate is fixed with the flange.
  • the outer periphery of the space to be placed into the projectile has a positioning frame, and the positioning frame supports or blocks the projectile to initially position the projectile.
  • the circular groove on the positioning frame cooperates with the outer circle of the fire-fighting projectile to initially position the fire-fighting projectile, and the opening of the circular arc groove can be up, down or left-to-right depending on the direction of the selected loading direction.
  • the positioning frame When the top is loaded, the positioning frame is placed below the launching object space, and the positioning frame may be composed of several rods or a plate shape, and the positioning frame may be fixed to the clamping plate or fixed to the flange. When loading from the left or right side, there must be a hole in the splint that allows the fire extinguisher to pass through. It is possible to use this structure when using the clip.
  • the launching tube is moved by the cylinder, and the left and right cylinders or cylinder rods are respectively fixed on the left and right cleats or the double-hole pipe clamps, and a single-hole pipe hoop is fixed at the rear of the launching pipe, and the cylinder rod or the cylinder is fixed in the single-hole pipe hoop. on.
  • the cylinder and cylinder rod can be hinged or fixed on the double bore.
  • the launching tube has a locking device.
  • the locking device can be a rotary pin or a hinge or plug type.
  • the hinge type locking device is connected with a single hole hoop and a double hole hoop fixed on the launching tube by a hinge.
  • the connection between the single hole hoop and the double hole hoop and the hinge is a shaft connection, and the hinge is flattened when launching. To the locking action, the hinge can be folded away to allow the launch tube to leave the valve after the launch is completed.
  • the rotating pin type locking device is a single-hole pipe clamp fixed on the launching pipe or a shaft-rotating pin on the flange.
  • the locking function is applied, and the opening is manually turned after the launching. pin.
  • the rotating pin hooks the fixing block fixed on the flange or the cleat.
  • the rotating pin has no hook, and the top end of the rotating pin bears against the double hole hoop.
  • the plug type is a plate protruding from both sides of the single-hole pipe clamp fixed on the launching pipe. The plate is inserted into the corresponding hole in the flange plate, and then the bolt is inserted into the plate from above to make the launching pipe and the method. The blue disk is locked, the bolt is pulled out after the launch is completed, and the launch tube can be separated from the flange.
  • the launching device is provided with a base, which may be in the form of a scissor jack or a horizontal one-arm hydraulic jack. Both bases of the jack form have a lifting weight that can be varied in inclination angle.
  • the bearing arm has a flange seat fixed on the gas storage tank, and the flange seat is fixed on the bearing arm.
  • This flange seat can be made into a whole part with the flange at the outlet of the pulse valve as a frame, and the clamp of the gas tank, valve and guide rail is fixed on the frame.
  • the end face of the flange is angular to the end face of the flange seat.
  • the base can be placed on a chassis that is rotatable about a vertical axis, and the rotating chassis has a locking device that can be fixed in direction.
  • a laser and a gravity angle indicator are fixed on the body.
  • the gravity angle indicator refers to the axis of the pointer and the line connecting the center of gravity and the pointer axis is perpendicular to the horizontal plane under the action of gravity.
  • the angle scale is completely fixed with the body.
  • the body refers to all parts other than the base that are fixed to the gas tank.
  • the compressed air-powered launching device designed according to the present invention has the advantages of compact structure, convenient use, low regulation and storage requirements, and convenient loading.
  • Figure 1 is a front elevational view of a compressed air powered launching device designed in accordance with the present invention and employing an angle valve;
  • Figure 2 is an isometric view of the example shown in Figure 1 after the side of the rail is removed;
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged view of a portion A of Figure 1;
  • the flange 13 and the flange seat 7 are formed as one integral part, and the end face of the flange 13 and the end face of the flange seat 7 are angular, and this gusset plate serves as a frame.
  • the front end of the gas storage tank 9 has a flange, and the flange is fixed on the frame.
  • the outlet of the gas storage tank 9 is connected to the inlet of the electronically controlled diaphragm type pulse valve through the curved through tube, and the outlet of the electronically controlled diaphragm type pulse valve is Flange 13 threaded pipe connection.
  • the guide rails are combined, and there are two-hole pipe clamps 2 separated by a distance between the front and the rear.
  • Each of the two-hole pipe clamps 2 has upper and lower holes, and the upper holes are slidingly matched with the outer circle of the launching pipe 1, and the lower holes are provided.
  • There is a slot and the air tank 9 is clamped by a screw at the slot, and the left and right clamps 5 are fixed with the double hole clamp 2 by screws, and the rear portion of the clamp 5 is fixed with the flange 13 by screws.
  • the positioning frame 14 is a structure in which two screws are fixed to the flange 13.
  • the launching tube 1 is moved by the cylinder 10, and there are two cylinders 10 on the left and right.
  • the rear part of the launching tube 1 is fixed with a single-hole pipe clamp 4, and the cylinder 10 is hingedly fixed on the single-hole pipe clamp 4, and the end of the cylinder 10 is hinged.
  • the hinge is fixed to the splint 5.
  • the locking device is hinged, and the hinge 3 is connected to the launch tube 1 and the guide rail.
  • the upper part of the hole above the double-hole tube clamp 2 near the valve 6 has an articulated shaft hinged to the hinge 3 and fixed to the launch tube.
  • the upper portion of the single-hole pipe ferrule 4 at the rear is hinged to the hinge 3, and the locking screw of the single-hole ferrule 4 serves as a hinge shaft at the same time.
  • the locking device can also be a hook-type type, the hook pin is horizontally fixed on the side of the single-hole pipe clamp 4, the hook pin is in the shape of an L-shaped lever, and there are two left and right sides, and the hook pin is hooked on the flange 13 or the clamp plate 5 and fixed.
  • the hook pin is pressed.
  • the L-shaped lever is pressed without an hook, the hook can be lifted and unlocked.
  • the two L-shaped levers without the hook can be connected by a rod.
  • a cam can be provided to lift the L-shaped lever without the hook, and the CN86200654 patent shows the structure of the rotating pin.
  • the launching device is provided with a base 8 which may be in the form of a scissor jack or a horizontal one-arm hydraulic jack.
  • the base 8 in the form of two jacks has a bearing arm for lifting the weight with a varying tilt angle.
  • the end of the bearing arm lifts the weight and the end rises and falls with the inclination angle of the bearing arm, and the flange seat 7 integral with the flange 13 is fixed on the bearing arm.
  • the angle of the launching device can be adjusted by rotating the screw of the scissor jack or by pressing the cylinder of the horizontal one-arm hydraulic jack.
  • the base 8 in the form of a jack is placed on a chassis that is rotatable about a vertical axis, and the rotating chassis has a locking device for fixing the direction.
  • a laser and a gravity angle indicator are fixed on the body, the laser is fixed on the air tank 9, and the gravity angle indicator is fixed on the splint 5 of the rail.
  • the laser should be able to fine-tune the angle to adjust the impact point based on the front drop point.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Mechanically-Actuated Valves (AREA)
  • Quick-Acting Or Multi-Walled Pipe Joints (AREA)

Abstract

本发明是一种以压缩空气为动力的发射装置，包括储气罐、阀、发射管，阀连接储气罐和发射管，特点是：发射管是活动的，有导轨固定在储气罐或阀上，发射管与导轨滑动配合，沿导轨轴向运动，发射管向前滑动离开阀一段距离后可以空出一个装填发射物的空间，发射物放入此空间后发射管向后滑动，发射物从发射管的后端进入发射管，锁紧装置使发射管在发射时锁紧。实例中展示了阀采用角阀式的电控膜片式脉冲阀，储气罐前端通过弯通管与角阀连接，储气罐的尾端与发射管的出口在同一侧，导轨是分体组合式导轨，角阀出口处的法兰盘和储气罐上的法兰座制成一个零件，固定在剪式千斤顶形式底座上的结构。本发明的发射装置具有整体结构简单，装弹容易的特点。

Description

以压缩空气为动力的发射装置 技术领域
本发明是关于以压缩空气为动力的发射装置的改进，特别是一种消防炮的改进。
背景技术
消防炮在高楼灭火和森林灭火等远距离灭火中可以起到良好作用，哈尔滨工程大学刘刚的博士论文《气动发射式高层建筑灭火炮研究》对这种以压缩空气为发射动力的消防炮作了比较详细的论述。目前消防弹的装弹方式大多采用前装弹方式，前装弹方式不方便且使灭火弹较容易破碎，该文及哈尔滨工程大学胡俊祥的毕业论文《高层建筑消防炮设计》都提出了一种类似现有火炮的后装弹方式，即发射管不动，装弹后关闭炮栓。此种后装弹方式方式存在结构复杂的缺点。
发明内容
本发明的目的是：提供一种结构较为简单的后装弹的以压缩空气为动力的发射装置。主要用于发射各种灭火弹，也可用于发射其它物品，如绳索，自充气救生圈等其他物品。
本发明提供一种以压缩空气为动力的发射装置，包括储气罐、阀和发射管，阀连接储气罐和发射管，发射管是活动的，有导轨固定在储气罐或阀上，发射管与导轨滑动配合，可以沿导轨轴向运动，发射管向前滑动离开阀一段距离后可以空出一个装填发射物的空间，发射物放入此空间后再驱使发射管向后滑动，发射物从发射管的后端进入发射管。
连接储气罐和发射管的阀最好采用电控的膜片式脉冲阀，膜片式脉冲阀与储气罐可以采用法兰连接也可以采用螺纹管连接。电控膜片式脉冲阀有操控方便，开闭迅速，产生的冲力大的优点。
膜片式脉冲阀可以采用直通阀，采用直通阀时储气罐与发射管的轴线前后衔接，整个机体轴向长度较长。
膜片式脉冲阀也可以采用角阀，采用角阀时储气罐与发射管的轴线平行，储气罐的前端通过弯通管与角阀连接，储气罐的尾端与发射管的出口 在同一侧。采用角阀可以缩短机体长度。
市场上的脉冲阀一般是螺纹接口的，此时可以加装一个法兰转接口，就是在脉冲阀的出口处固定一个法兰盘，当然也可以直接采用定制的出口带法兰盘的脉冲阀。
为保证脉冲阀与发射管连接时的密封，在脉冲阀的出口处有凹陷，如果固定有法兰盘时凹陷在法兰盘的端面上，发射管在向下滑动的极限位置陷入此凹陷，凹陷的内壁上有环槽，环槽内有唇式密封圈与发射管的外圆形成径向密封。
为使气体均匀作用于灭火弹，在法兰盘端面上的凹陷的底面上有几个环状均布的凸起，这几个凸起可以是几个球头螺钉。
凸起也可以是插针状的凸起，此时可以有一个托盘，托盘外圆与发射管内径配合，托盘后部有几个孔与插针状的凸起配合，发射时托盘与发射物一同发射出去。
导轨可以是框架组合形式的，组合形式的导轨有至少两个离开一段距离的双孔管箍，每个双孔管箍上有上下两个孔，上面的孔与发射管的外圆滑动配合，下面的孔夹紧储气罐，有左右两块夹板与双孔管箍固定在一起，夹板的后部与法兰盘固定。
拟放入发射物的空间的外周有定位架，定位架承托或阻挡发射物使发射物初步定位。定位架上有圆弧槽与灭火弹的外圆配合使灭火弹初步定位，随选择装弹方向的不同圆弧槽的开口可向上、向下或向左向右。
上方装弹时定位架在放置发射物空间的下方，定位架可以是几根杆组成也可以是板状的，定位架可以与夹板固定也可以与法兰盘固定。从左或右方装弹时夹板上要有允许灭火弹通过的孔，采用弹夹时有可能采用这种结构。
发射管用气缸移动，左右两个气缸或气缸杆分别固定在左右两块夹板上或双孔管箍上，发射管的后部固定有一个单孔管箍，气缸杆或气缸固定在单孔管箍上。气缸和气缸杆可以铰接固定，也可以在在双孔管箍上用螺纹固定。
为防止发射管在发射时向出口方向运动，发射管有锁紧装置，虽然在气缸的压力下已经可以完成发射管的锁紧功能，但为确保计，发射管还可 以另有锁紧装置。锁紧装置可以是转动销式或铰链式或插栓式的。铰链式的锁紧装置是用铰链连接发射管上固定的单孔管箍与双孔管箍，单孔管箍和双孔管箍与铰链的连接都是轴连接，发射时铰链放平，起到锁紧作用，发射完成后铰链折起后使发射管可以离开阀。转动销式的锁紧装置是在发射管上固定的单孔管箍上或在法兰盘上轴固转动销，发射时勾住或顶住对方起到锁紧作用，发射完毕后手工打开转动销。勾住时转动销勾住固定在法兰盘或夹板上的固定块，顶住时转动销没有勾头，转动销的顶端顶住双孔管箍。插栓式是在发射管上固定的单孔管箍的两侧各凸出一块板，这块板插入法兰盘上对应的孔中后再从上方在板上插入栓销使发射管与法兰盘锁定，发射完成后拔出栓销，发射管可以脱离法兰盘。
为发射时便于调整射角，发射装置设有一个底座，底座可以是剪式千斤顶形式或卧式单臂液压千斤顶形式的，这两种千斤顶形式的底座上都有倾斜角度可变化的托举重物的承力臂，储气罐上固定有法兰座，法兰座固定在承力臂上。
这个法兰座可以与脉冲阀出口处的法兰盘制成一个整体零件作为机架，机架上固定储气罐、阀、导轨的夹板。法兰盘的端面与法兰座的端面呈角状。
底座可置于可绕垂直轴旋转的底盘上，旋转底盘上有锁定装置可固定方向。
为便于瞄准，在机体上固定有激光器和重力式角度指示器，重力式角度指示器是指指针轴固且重心与指针轴的连线在重力作用下与水平面垂直，角度刻度与机体完全固定随机体运动的一种角度指示器。机体是指除底座外其他所有与储气罐相固定的零件。
发明效果：
按本发明设计的以压缩空气为动力的发射装置具有结构紧凑，使用方便，监管及保管要求不高，装弹便捷的优点。
附图说明
图1是按本发明设计的且采用角阀的以压缩空气为动力的发射装置的主视图；
图2是图1所示实例拆去导轨一侧夹板后的轴测立体图；
图3是图1的A部放大图；
图中：1.发射管；2.双孔管箍；3.铰链；4.单孔管箍；5.夹板；6.阀；7.法兰座；8.底座；9.储气罐；10.气缸；11.凸起；12.唇式密封圈；13.法兰盘；14.定位架。
具体实施方式
参见图1、图2和图3，
法兰盘13和法兰座7制成一个整体零件，法兰盘13的端面和法兰座7的端面呈角状，这个角状板作为机架。储气罐9的前端有法兰，法兰固定在机架上，储气罐9的出口通过弯通管与电控膜片式脉冲阀的入口连接，电控膜片式脉冲阀的出口与法兰盘13螺纹管连接。导轨是组合形式的，有前后两个离开一段距离的双孔管箍2，每个双孔管箍2上有上下两个孔，上面的孔与发射管1的外圆滑动配合，下面的孔有开槽，开槽处用螺钉锁紧夹住储气罐9，左右两块夹板5用螺钉与双孔管箍2固定在一起，夹板5的后部用螺钉与法兰盘13固定。定位架14是用两根螺杆固定在法兰盘13上的结构。
发射管1用气缸10移动，有左右两个气缸10，发射管1的后部固定有一个单孔管箍4，气缸10杆铰接固定在单孔管箍4上，气缸10尾端是铰接式的，铰接固定在夹板5上。
本例中锁紧装置是铰链式的，铰链3连接发射管1和导轨，在离阀6近的那个双孔管箍2的上面那个孔的上部有铰接轴与铰链3铰接，固定在发射管1后部的单孔管箍4的上部与铰链3铰接，单孔管箍4的的锁紧螺钉同时作为铰接轴。
锁紧装置也可以是勾销式的，勾销轴水平的固定在单孔管箍4的侧面，勾销呈L形杠杆状，有左右两个，勾销勾住在法兰盘13或夹板5上固定的勾销座，按动L形杠杆不带勾头的一臂则勾销可以抬起解除锁紧，两个勾销的L形杠杆不带勾头的一臂可以用一根杆连接起来。也可以另外设一个凸轮顶起L形杠杆不带勾头的一臂，CN86200654号专利展示了这种转动销的结构。
发射装置设有一个底座8，底座8可以是剪式千斤顶形式或卧式单臂液压千斤顶形式的，这两种千斤顶形式的底座8上都有倾斜角度可变化的 托举重物的承力臂，承力臂的端部托举重物且端部随承力臂倾斜角度的不同而升降，与法兰盘13制成整体的法兰座7固定在承力臂上。转动剪式千斤顶的螺杆或压动卧式单臂液压千斤顶的油缸可以调整发射装置的射角。
千斤顶形式的底座8置于一个可绕垂直轴旋转的底盘上，旋转底盘上有锁定装置可固定方向。
为便于瞄准，在机体上固定有激光器和重力式角度指示器，激光器固定在储气罐9上，重力式角度指示器固定在导轨的夹板5上。激光器要可以微调角度以便根据前弹落点调整弹着点。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种以压缩空气为动力的发射装置，包括储气罐、阀和发射管，阀连接储气罐和发射管，其特征在于：发射管是活动的，有导轨固定在储气罐或阀上，发射管与导轨滑动配合，可以沿导轨轴向运动，发射管向前滑动离开阀一段距离后可以空出一个装填发射物的空间，发射物放入此空间后发射管向后滑动，发射物从发射管的后端进入发射管。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的以压缩空气为动力的发射装置，其特征在于：连接储气罐和发射管的阀是电控的膜片式脉冲阀。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的以压缩空气为动力的发射装置，其特征在于：脉冲阀是角阀形式，储气罐与发射管的轴线平行，储气罐的前端通过弯通管与角阀连接，储气罐的尾端与发射管的出口在同一侧。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的以压缩空气为动力的发射装置，其特征在于：脉冲阀的出口处固定有法兰盘，法兰盘端面上有凹陷，发射管在向下滑动的极限位置陷入此凹陷，凹陷的内壁上有环槽，环槽内有唇式密封圈与发射管的外圆形成径向密封。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的以压缩空气为动力的发射装置，其特征在于：脉冲阀的出口处固定有法兰盘，法兰盘端面上的凹陷的底面上有几个凸起。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的以压缩空气为动力的发射装置，其特征在于：导轨是框架组合形式的，有至少两个离开一段距离的双孔管箍，每个双孔管箍上有上下两个孔，上面的孔与发射管的外圆滑动配合，下面的孔夹紧储气罐，有左右两块夹板与双孔管箍固定在一起，夹板的后部与法兰盘固定。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的以压缩空气为动力的发射装置，其特征在于：发射管用气缸移动，左右两个气缸或气缸杆分别固定在左右两块夹板上或双孔管箍上，发射管的后部固定有一个单孔管箍，气缸杆或气缸固定在单孔管箍上。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的以压缩空气为动力的发射装置，其特征在于：发射管与法兰盘之间有勾销式或铰链式的锁紧装置。
  9. 根据权利要求4所述的以压缩空气为动力的发射装置，其特征在于：有一个剪式千斤顶形式或卧式单臂液压千斤顶形式的底座，这两种千斤顶形式的底座上都有倾斜角度可变化的托举重物的承力臂，储气罐上固定有法兰座，法兰座固定在承力臂上。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的以压缩空气为动力的发射装置，其特征在于：脉冲阀的出口处固定的法兰盘和储气罐上固定的法兰座这两个零件整合成同一个零件作为机架，脉冲阀、储气罐和导轨上的夹板都固定在机架上。
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CN109865228A (zh) * 2019-03-14 2019-06-11 山东国泰科技有限公司 低压大口径发射器及专用灭火弹
CN110132054B (zh) * 2019-05-20 2021-07-23 厦门市神手科技有限公司 一种抛投器以及应用于该抛投器的绳弹
CN110585633B (zh) * 2019-08-09 2023-03-10 李烨 灭火弹及其发射系统
CN110639152B (zh) * 2019-09-18 2021-10-26 李岱峰 以压缩空气为发射动力的消防炮
CN113340152B (zh) * 2021-05-31 2022-05-20 南京理工大学 一种多层分体式平衡炮装填系统及方法
CN113865430B (zh) * 2021-09-23 2022-07-08 哈尔滨工程大学 一种便捷装弹及精确变角度的高速入水发射装置

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