WO2018228415A1 - 一种基站天线 - Google Patents

一种基站天线 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018228415A1
WO2018228415A1 PCT/CN2018/090996 CN2018090996W WO2018228415A1 WO 2018228415 A1 WO2018228415 A1 WO 2018228415A1 CN 2018090996 W CN2018090996 W CN 2018090996W WO 2018228415 A1 WO2018228415 A1 WO 2018228415A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
pole
connecting member
outer cover
base station
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/090996
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
彭成刚
肖伟宏
赵志雄
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to BR112019026573-2A priority Critical patent/BR112019026573A2/pt
Priority to EP18816541.9A priority patent/EP3624259B1/en
Publication of WO2018228415A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018228415A1/zh
Priority to US16/713,542 priority patent/US11316245B2/en

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/1207Supports; Mounting means for fastening a rigid aerial element
    • H01Q1/1228Supports; Mounting means for fastening a rigid aerial element on a boom
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/125Means for positioning
    • H01Q1/1264Adjusting different parts or elements of an aerial unit
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/42Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/42Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
    • H01Q1/428Collapsible radomes; rotatable, tiltable radomes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/20Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path
    • H01Q21/205Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path providing an omnidirectional coverage
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/02Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole
    • H01Q3/04Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole for varying one co-ordinate of the orientation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/32Vertical arrangement of element

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to an antenna applied to a base station.
  • radio waves In engineering systems such as wireless communications, broadcast television, radar, and navigation for aeronautical navigation, it is necessary to use radio waves to transmit information to complete the operation of the entire system. Antennas are the basic devices used to transmit and receive radio waves in these systems.
  • radio frequency signals output by a transmitter are transmitted to an antenna through a feeder, and the antenna transmits the signals as electromagnetic waves.
  • the emitted electromagnetic waves also need to be received by the antenna and then transmitted to the radio receiver through the feeder to realize the propagation of radio waves in space.
  • two or more antennas 110 are generally mounted on one pole.
  • the three-sided multi-sector antenna shown in Figure 1 is widely used.
  • the cover 120 is usually added outside the three-sided antenna 110.
  • each antenna is separately packaged through the radome, and then the three-sided antenna is packaged together through the cylindrical cover, the signal transmission needs to pass through the two-layer cover (radome and cover), the signal The attenuation is large.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a base station antenna for reducing attenuation of a base station antenna signal, and adjusting an azimuth of the antenna without removing the cover.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a base station antenna, including: at least two antennas, at least two cover structures, a fixing component, a connection component, and an upper end cover, each antenna being independently packaged in the radome;
  • the fixing component includes a pole and a base The bottom of the pole is mounted on the base;
  • the connecting component comprises an antenna connecting component, a cover connecting component and a pole connecting component, and the pole is provided with a pole connecting component, and the top of the antenna is connected with the pole by the antenna connecting component and the pole connecting component
  • the rod is connected, the bottom end of the antenna is fixed to the bottom end of the pole; each cover structure is connected to the pole through the cover connecting assembly and the pole connecting assembly; the upper cover is disposed on the top of the antenna; each cover structure is spaced from the antenna
  • the abutting portion of the side of the outer cover structure is attached to the outer side wall of the radome, and the outer side wall of the radome, the outer cover structure and the upper end cover together form an outer cover of the
  • the outer cover structure is spaced apart from the antenna, and the side edge fitting portion of the outer cover structure is attached to the outer side wall of the radome, and the outer side wall of the radome, the outer cover structure and the upper end cover together form an outer cover of the antenna;
  • the signal transmission of the antenna only needs to pass through a layer of the radome, which changes the signal attenuation of the base station antenna through the two-layer cover (the cover and the radome) in the conventional manner; in this embodiment, since the signal only passes through a layer of the radome Transmission, reducing the attenuation of the base station antenna signal, ensuring the electrical performance of the antenna, the antenna connection assembly includes a bottom connector, the bottom connector is fixed to the bottom of the antenna, and the bottom connection member is provided with a first fixing hole; the base includes an arc groove The first bolt passes through the first fixing hole to fix the bottom connecting member to the arc groove, so that the first bolt moves in the arc groove, and each antenna is deflected at
  • the azimuth of the single antenna When the azimuth of the single antenna is adjusted, loosen the antenna fixing bolt and rotate the antenna, so that the first bolt slides in the arc groove to realize a single antenna.
  • Position angle adjustment the azimuth angle refers to the angle of the central angle of the antenna rotating around the pole, and the direction angle is adjusted in a simple manner, only the first bolt needs to be loosened, and then the first bolt is adjusted to slide in the arc groove. Finally, the bolt is tightened to fix the antenna in the adjusted position.
  • the antenna can be easily slid in the base, the fixed position of the antenna on the base is changed, and the azimuth adjustment of the single antenna is only set in the antenna. The bottom of the antenna, so that during the adjustment of the azimuth of the single antenna, the antenna will not be tilted due to the unsynchronized sliding of the antenna, thereby affecting the coverage of the base station antenna.
  • the antenna connection assembly includes a top connector, one end of the top connector is fixed to the antenna, and the other end of the top connector is connected to the pole connection assembly.
  • the other end of the top connector is provided with a second fixing hole, and the guide pin passes through the second fixing hole to fix the other end of the top connector to the pole connecting component, so that the antenna Rotating around the guide pin; in this embodiment, when the azimuth of the single antenna is adjusted, since the bottom of the antenna is connected to the base to move the bottom of the antenna, the top of the antenna can also rotate with it.
  • the antenna and the pole are stably fixed, so that when the azimuth is adjusted, the line can always be perpendicular to the base in the process of adjusting the azimuth, and the tilting is not performed, and the fixing method is simple in structure, and the installation cost is saved in practical applications.
  • the upper end cover in order to prevent birds from nesting or snowing on the upper end cover, has a conical structure.
  • each of the housing connection assemblies includes a first connecting member, one end of the first connecting member is fixedly coupled to the top of the housing structure, and the pole connecting assembly includes a first pole connecting member, the first pole The connecting member is disposed on the top of the pole, and the first pole connecting member corresponds to the position of the first connecting member; the first pole connecting member is provided with a flip guide pin, and the other end of the first connecting member is disposed The guide pin hole and the flip guide pin pass through the guide pin hole to fix the first connecting member to the first connecting seat.
  • each of the housing connection assemblies further includes a second connecting member, one end of the second connecting member is fixed to the bottom of the housing structure, and the pole connecting assembly includes a second pole connecting member, and the second pole The connector corresponds to the position of the second connector, and the other end of the second connector is coupled to the second pole connector.
  • the radome and the base connection portion are provided with a shielding ring; the shielding ring is disposed at the bottom of the antenna for closing a gap between the outer cover structure and the base;
  • the shielding ring may be an integral structure or It is divided into two parts, one part is a semi-annular structure, which is a first occlusion ring and a second occlusion ring respectively, that is, the first occlusion ring is a semi-annular structure, and the second occlusion ring is a semi-annular structure.
  • a screw is pre-installed at both ends of the first shielding ring, and a fixing nut is disposed at both ends of the second shielding ring. The first shielding ring and the second shielding ring fix the lock to the bottom of the antenna by screws.
  • the bottom of the base is fixedly connected with a bottom flange
  • the bottom flange is provided with a sliding slot
  • the third bolt passes through the sliding slot to fix the bottom flange with the flange of the single tube tower, and passes through Change the position of the third bolt in the chute to adjust the azimuth of the base station antenna; when adjusting the azimuth of the base station antenna, loosen the third bolt of the flange with the top of the tower, rotate the base station antenna left and right, and make the third bolt in the chute Rotate to achieve azimuth adjustment of the entire base station antenna.
  • the pole in order to be more convenient in the process of engineering installation and transportation, it may also be a split structure.
  • the pole includes an upper pole and a lower pole, and the upper pole Connected to the lower pole activity.
  • the radome is cylindrical, the radome has a fan-shaped cross section, and the outer cover structure is a curved monolithic structure.
  • the angle of the central angle of the outer cover structure is:
  • x is the degree of the central angle of the sector of the antenna
  • n is the number of antennas
  • a is the angle of the central angle of the conforming portion
  • 2a is less than x.
  • the curved surface of the first abutting portion of the first outer cover structure and the second abutting portion of the second outer cover structure is smaller than the outer side wall of the radome, that is, the first abutting portion and the second abutting portion cannot be covered.
  • the outer side wall of the radome ensures that the antenna in the radome transmits signals only through a layer of radome to ensure the electrical performance of the antenna.
  • 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional base station antenna
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a conventional base station antenna with an increased cover
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic exploded view of a structure of a base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective structural diagram of a base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing component according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna and a fixed component connected according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the structure of the outer cover and the antenna in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of an upper end cover according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a structure of an outer cover and an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the structure of the cover and the antenna in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of an antenna fixed to a base according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna and a pole connected in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic structural view showing the structure of the outer cover mounted on the pole in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural view showing the structure of the outer cover mounted on the pole in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of an occlusion ring in a base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 16 is a schematic structural view of a base fixed to a top of a single pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 17 is a schematic structural view of an integrated pole according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural view of a split type pole according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a base station antenna for reducing the attenuation of the base station antenna signal and ensuring the electrical performance of the antenna.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a base station antenna, which is understood in conjunction with FIG. 3, FIG. 3 is a schematic exploded view of a base station antenna in the embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a base station antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the base station antenna includes at least two antennas 301, at least two housing structures 302, a fixed assembly 304, a connection assembly 305, and an upper end cover 303.
  • Each antenna is individually packaged in a radome.
  • the number of antennas in this embodiment is exemplified by three, and the number of outer cover structures is described by taking three as an example.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a fixing assembly.
  • the fixing assembly 304 includes a holding rod 3041 and a base 3042.
  • the bottom of the holding rod 3041 is mounted on the base 3042.
  • the base 3042 may have a cylindrical structure and a base.
  • the 3042 includes a connecting portion, and the base 3042 has a chamber for connecting the antenna and the holding rod 3041 for accommodating the feeding line of the antenna.
  • the center of the base of the base 3042 is provided with a pole mounting hole 3043.
  • the bottom end of the pole 3041 is inserted into the pole mounting hole 3043 and fixed by screws, so that the bottom end of the pole 3041 is connected to the base 3042.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the antenna connected to the fixed component.
  • the connecting component comprises an antenna connecting component 3051, a cover connecting component 3053 and a pole connecting component 3052.
  • the pole is provided with a pole connecting component 3052, and the top of the antenna is fixedly connected with the antenna connecting component 3051, and the antenna connecting component 3051 and the pole connecting
  • the assembly 3052 is connected, that is, the antenna is connected to the pole through the antenna connection assembly 3051 and the pole connection assembly 3052, and the bottom end of the antenna is fixed to the pole 3041.
  • Each of the outer cover structures 302 is coupled to the pole 3041 by a cover connection assembly 3053 and a pole connection assembly 3052; the upper end cover 303 is disposed at the top of the antenna.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the outer cover structure and the antenna installation position.
  • Each of the outer cover structures 302 is disposed between the two antennas 301.
  • the outer cover structure 302 is spaced apart from the antenna 301. It can be understood that when the number of the antennas 301 is three, in order to make the antenna 301 more stable, the three antennas are provided. 301 is respectively connected to the pole, and the pole fixes the antenna 301.
  • three antennas 301 are disposed around the holding rod 3041 and connected to the holding rod 3041. There is a space between the two antennas 301.
  • the function of the housing structure 302 is to connect the two antennas 301, so that the three antennas 301 are connected.
  • the outer side wall is integrally formed. It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the outer cover structure 302 is "connected" to the antenna 301, which means that the bonding portion of the outer cover structure 302 is attached to the outer side wall of the radome of the antenna 301.
  • the outer cover structure 302 has an arc-shaped structure, and the deformation elastic force of the curved structure is matched with the outer side wall of the radome, the installation is simple, the installation step is saved, and the outer cover structure is closely attached to the outer side wall of the radome.
  • each antenna 301 is independently packaged in a radome, the radome is cylindrical in shape, and the cylindrical cross section is fan-shaped, and the outer side wall of the cylindrical shape is a curved surface.
  • three antennas and three outer cover structures are included.
  • the three outer cover structures are respectively a first outer cover structure, a second outer cover structure and a third outer cover structure; each outer cover structure 302 can be a curved piece structure, and each outer cover structure
  • the 302 includes a bonding portion that is a portion of a width of the two sides of the housing structure.
  • the bonding portions of the two sides of the housing structure 302 include a first bonding portion 3021 and a second bonding portion.
  • the first bonding portion 3021 is bonded to the outer side wall of the adjacent first radome 3011, and the second bonding portion 3022 is bonded to the outer side wall of the adjacent second wire cover 3012.
  • the outer cover structure is a curved piece structure, and under a certain elastic force, the outer cover structure and the outer side wall of the radome are always adhered.
  • the outer side wall of the radome, the outer cover structure 302 and the upper end cover 303 together form the outer cover of the antenna.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the upper end cover.
  • the upper end cover 303 has a conical structure.
  • the upper end cover 303 is fixed to the top of the pole 3041 by a fixing bolt 3031.
  • a lightning rod 306 is disposed at the top of the upper end cover 303.
  • the lightning rod 306 and the lifting ring 307 are integrally designed, and the lifting ring 307 is used for the overall lifting of the base station antenna.
  • the outer cover structure is spaced apart from the antenna, and the side edge fitting portion of the outer cover structure is attached to the outer side wall of the radome, and the outer side wall of the radome, the outer cover structure and the upper end cover together constitute the outer cover of the multi-sector antenna.
  • the signal transmission of the base station antenna only needs to pass through a layer of the radome, which changes the signal attenuation of the base station antenna through the two-layer cover (the cover and the radome) in the conventional manner. In this embodiment, the signal only passes through one layer of the antenna. Cover transmission reduces the attenuation of the base station antenna signal.
  • the antenna in the embodiment of the present invention may also include a cover structure and an antenna.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cover structure and an antenna.
  • the two sides of the cover structure 302 have a certain width which is a fitting portion.
  • the cover structure includes a first abutting portion 3021 and a second abutting portion.
  • the first bonding portion 3021 is attached to one side of the outer side wall of the radome
  • the second bonding portion 3022 is attached to the other side of the outer side wall of the radome.
  • the number of the cover structure 302 and the antenna 301 is not limited, the cover structure 302 and the antenna 301 are spaced apart, and the cover structure 302 is connected to the pole 3041, and the antenna 301 is also connected to the pole 3041.
  • the number of the outer cover structure 302 and the antenna 301 is the same.
  • the angle of the curved surface of the outer cover structure 302 is related to the number of the antennas 301 included in the base station antenna 301. Please understand with reference to FIG. 10, if the central angle of the sector of each antenna 301 ( ⁇ The angle of 1 ) is fixed. For example, the angle of the central angle of the sector of each antenna 301 is 80 degrees.
  • each cover structure 302 The central angle ( ⁇ 2 ) is 50 degrees (according to the angle of the central angle of the sector of each antenna 301 being 80 degrees, the angle of the central angle of each of the outer cover structures 302 should be 40 degrees, but the outer cover structure 302 needs to be included The contact portions of the two side edges, therefore, the central angle of the cover structure 302 needs to be greater than 40 degrees), that is, if the degree of the central angle of the sector of the antenna 301 is x and the number of antennas 301 is n, then Formula 1 below The cover structure 302 of the central angle angle:
  • a( ⁇ 3 ) can be a constant.
  • a can be 10 degrees.
  • 2a is smaller than x, as understood with reference to FIG. 10, 2a is smaller than x, so that the arcing surface of the first abutting portion of the first outer cover structure 302 and the second abutting portion of the second outer cover structure 302 is smaller than the outer side wall of the cover of the antenna 301. That is to say, the first abutting portion of the outer cover structure and the second abutting portion of the outer cover structure cannot cover the outer side wall of the cover of the antenna 301, so as to ensure that the antenna 301 transmits signals only through a layer of the radome, and the antenna 301 is ensured. Electrical performance.
  • another embodiment of the base station antenna is provided by the embodiment of the present invention, including:
  • the base station antenna includes at least two antennas 301, at least two housing structures 302, a fixed assembly 304, a connection assembly, and an upper end cover 303.
  • the number of the antennas 301 is exemplified by three, and the number of the outer cover structures 302 is described by three.
  • Each antenna 301 is independently packaged in a cover of an antenna 301.
  • the connecting component comprises an antenna connecting component 3051, a cover connecting component 3053 and a pole connecting component 3052.
  • the pole is provided with a pole connecting component 3052, and the top of the antenna is fixedly connected with the antenna connecting component 3051, and the antenna connecting component and the pole connecting component
  • the 3052 is connected, that is, the antenna is connected to the pole through the antenna connection assembly 3051 and the pole connection assembly 3052, and the bottom end of the antenna is fixed to the base 3042.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of the antenna fixed to the base.
  • the bottom connecting member 30512 is provided with a first fixing hole;
  • the base is provided with a flange, the flange includes an arcuate groove 307, and the first bolt 306 passes through the first fixing hole to fix the bottom connecting member 30512 to the arc groove 307, the arcuate groove 307 functions to slide the first bolt 306 within the arcuate groove 307.
  • the antenna fixing bolt is loosened, the antenna is rotated, the first bolt 306 is slid from one position to the other position in the arcuate groove 307, and then the bolt is tightened to realize a single root.
  • the azimuth angle is the angle of the central angle of the antenna rotating around the pole.
  • the fixed position of the antenna 301 on the base 3042 can be changed, that is, by changing the fixed position of the antenna 301 at the base 3042 to adjust the azimuth of each antenna. Independently adjust the azimuth of the daily line.
  • the top of the antenna can also rotate with it.
  • the adjustment of the direction angle is simple, and only the first bolt 306 needs to be loosened, then the first bolt 306 is adjusted to slide in the arcuate groove 307, and finally the bolt is tightened, so that the antenna is fixed at a position to be adjusted.
  • the fixed position of the antenna on the base is changed by the arc groove, and the antenna can be easily slid in the base 3042 during the adjustment of the azimuth of the antenna.
  • the implementation of the azimuth adjustment of the single antenna is only disposed at the bottom of the antenna, so that during the adjustment of the azimuth of the single antenna, the antenna does not tilt due to the ups and downs of the antenna, thereby affecting the tilt.
  • the coverage effect of the base station antenna is only disposed at the bottom of the antenna, so that during the adjustment of the azimuth of the single antenna, the antenna does not tilt due to the ups and downs of the antenna, thereby affecting the tilt.
  • the antenna connection assembly includes a top connector 30511.
  • One end of the top connector 30511 is fixedly coupled to the top of the antenna, and the other end of the top connector 30511 is coupled to a pole connection assembly disposed on the pole.
  • a guide pin 308 is disposed on the pole connecting assembly 3052, and a second fixing hole is disposed on the other end of the top connecting member 30511.
  • the guiding pin 308 passes through the second fixing hole to fix the other end of the top connecting member 30511 to the pole connection.
  • the assembly 3052 is configured to rotate the antenna about the guide pin 308.
  • each antenna is connected to the base.
  • the connection mode of each antenna and the pole is the same.
  • each antenna is fixed on the base by the first bolt movement, and does not affect the connection manner between the outer cover structure and the pole. How to connect the outer cover structure to the pole is described in detail.
  • the base station antenna includes three outer cover structures. For convenience of description, only one of the three outer cover structures and the connection manner of the poles are described herein, and the other two outer cover structures and the poles are connected. It will not be described in the example.
  • Each of the outer cover connecting components 3053 includes two connecting members, which are respectively a first connecting member 30531 and a second connecting member 30532.
  • One end of the first connecting member 30531 is fixedly connected to the top of the outer cover structure 302, and one end of the second connecting member 30532 is fixed. It is connected to the bottom of the cover structure 302, and the pole connecting assembly 3052 disposed on the pole also includes two pole connecting members, which are a first pole connecting member 30521 and a second pole connecting member 30522, respectively.
  • the function of the connecting component 3052 is to connect the outer cover structure 3023 to the pole by connecting the outer cover connecting component 3053.
  • the holding rod connector 30521 includes a first fastening structure 30527 and a first connecting seat 30528.
  • the fastening structure 30527 is annular, and the first connecting seat 30528 is fixedly connected with the first fastening structure 30527, and each fastening structure
  • the number of connected connecting seats is not limited, the fastening structure 30528 is sleeved on the pole, and then the fastening structure is fixed by screws, and the connecting seat is used for connecting the cover connecting component 3053, if the base station antenna Comprising three cover structure 302, a fastening structure is connected to three connecting base, the base is connected to the structure and enters the "fan" shapes.
  • the structure of the second pole connecting member 30522 is the same as that of the first pole connecting member 30521, and details are not described herein.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of the outer cover structure mounted on the pole.
  • One end of the first connecting member 30531 is fixedly connected to the top of the outer cover structure 302.
  • the other end of the first connecting member 30531 is connected to the first connecting seat 30528 of the first pole connecting member 30521, and the first connecting seat 30528 is provided with a downside.
  • the guide pin 30529 is provided with a guide pin hole 30535 at the other end of the first connecting member 30531, and the flip-chip guide pin 30529 passes through the guide pin hole 30535 to fix the first connecting member 30531 to the first connecting seat 30531.
  • the pole connecting assembly 3052 includes a second connecting seat, the second connecting seat corresponds to the position of the second connecting member 30532, and the other end of the second connecting member 30532 Connected to the second connector.
  • the second connecting seat is provided with a flip-chip guide pin, and the other end of the second connecting member 30532 is provided with a guide pin hole, and the flip-chip guide pin passes through the guide pin hole to fix the second connecting member 30532 to the first Two connectors.
  • the cover structure is connected to the pole through the cover connection assembly and the cover connection assembly.
  • the cover connection assembly may further include a third connection member 30533 for the connection of the cover structure and the pole to be more stable.
  • One end of the three connecting members 30533 is fixedly connected to the middle of the outer cover structure.
  • the holding rod connecting assembly may further include a third holding rod connecting member 30523.
  • the third holding rod connecting member 30523 is disposed at the middle of the holding rod. The position of the third pole connecting member 30523 corresponds to the position of the third connecting member 30533.
  • the pole connecting assembly includes a third connecting seat, and the third connecting The other end of the member 30533 is coupled to the third connector of the third pole connector 30523.
  • the third connecting seat is provided with a flip guide pin, and the other end of the third connecting member 30533 is provided with a guide pin hole, and the flip guide pin passes through the guide pin hole to fix the second connecting member to the On the third connector.
  • the outer cover structure is always attached to the outer side wall of the antenna, that is, in this embodiment, the maximum angle of sliding of the first bolt in the arcuate groove is smaller than The center angle of the fitting portion (a in the above formula 1), thereby ensuring that the single cover antenna is always attached to the outer side wall of the antenna during the adjustment of the azimuth angle, that is, even if the single antenna adjusts the azimuth angle,
  • the housing structure is always attached to the outer side wall of the antenna such that the antenna housing and the housing structure together form the housing of the base station antenna. In this embodiment, the problem that the entire outer cover needs to be removed in the conventional manner to adjust the azimuth of the single antenna is changed.
  • the azimuth of the antenna needs to be adjusted, only the first bolt needs to be loosened.
  • the antenna is then rotated to cause the first bolt to slide within the arcuate slot of the flange of the base to achieve azimuth adjustment of the single antenna.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of an occlusion ring in a base station antenna.
  • a shielding ring 309 is disposed at a connection portion between the radome and the base.
  • the shielding ring 309 is disposed at the bottom of the antenna for closing a gap between the outer cover structure and the base.
  • the occlusion ring 309 includes two parts, one part is a semi-annular structure, which is a first occlusion ring 3091 and a second occlusion ring 3092, that is, the first occlusion ring 3091 is a semi-annular structure, and the second occlusion ring 3092 is a second occlusion ring 3092. It is a semi-annular structure. Screws are pre-installed at both ends of the first shielding ring 3091, and fixing nuts are disposed at both ends of the second shielding ring 3092. The first shielding ring 3091 and the second shielding ring 3092 are fixed to the bottom of the antenna by screws.
  • a finite structure 310 is disposed on the flange of the base, the limiting structure is a snap structure, and the inside of the shielding ring is provided with a card slot structure, and the occlusion ring is configured by the cooperation of the buckle and the card slot structure. Fixed to the bottom of the antenna to prevent the occlusion ring from moving up and down.
  • FIG. 16 is a structural diagram of the base fixed to the top of the single tube tower.
  • the bottom of the base 3042 is fixedly connected with a bottom flange 30421, and the bottom flange 30421 is provided with a sliding slot 312.
  • the bottom flange 30421 is fixed to the flange 11 of the single-tube tower top 10 by the third bolt 311, and the third bolt 311 passes through the sliding slot 312 to fix the bottom flange 30421 with the flange of the single-tube tower top 10,
  • the position of the three bolts 311 in the chute 312 changes the relative position of the base 3042 to the flange 11 of the single tube tower top.
  • the third bolt 311 of the flange 11 with the top of the tower is loosened, and the base station antenna is rotated left and right to rotate the third bolt 311 in the chute 312, thereby realizing the azimuth adjustment of the entire base station antenna.
  • FIG. 17 and FIG. 18, and FIG. 17 is a schematic structural view of the integrated pole.
  • Figure 18 is a schematic view showing the structure of a split type pole. In order to facilitate the installation and transportation process, it can also be a split structure.
  • the pole 3041 includes an upper pole 30411 and a lower pole 30412, and the upper pole 30411 and the lower pole 30412 Active connection.

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Abstract

本发明实施例公开了一种基站天线,该基站天线包括:至少两个天线,至少两个外罩结构,固定组件、连接组件和上端盖,每个天线独立封装于天线罩内;固定组件包括抱杆和底座,抱杆的底部安装于底座上;连接组件包括天线连接组件、外罩连接组件和抱杆连接组件,抱杆上设置有抱杆连接组件,天线的顶部通过天线连接组件和抱杆连接组件与抱杆连接,天线的底端固定于抱杆的底端;每个外罩结构通过外罩连接组件和抱杆连接组件连接于抱杆上;上端盖设置于天线的顶部;每个外罩结构与天线间隔设置之间,外罩结构的侧边的贴合部与天线罩的外侧壁贴合,天线罩的外侧壁、外罩结构和上端盖共同组成天线的外罩。

Description

一种基站天线
本申请要求于2017年06月14日提交中国专利局,申请号为201710450381.7,发明名称为“一种基站天线”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域,尤其涉及一种应用于基站的天线。
背景技术
在无线通信、广播电视、雷达以及航空航海的导航等工程系统中,都需要利用无线电波来传递信息以完成整个系统的工作,天线就是这些系统中用来发射和接收无线电波的基本器件。在无线电系统中,由发射机输出的射频信号通过馈线输送到天线,天线就把这些信号以电磁波的形式发射出去。发射出去的电磁波也需要通过天线接收下来,再通过馈线输送到无线电接收机,从而实现无线电波在空间的传播。
请参阅图1所示,传统的基站天线中为了实现360度覆盖,一般会在一根抱杆上安装两面或更多面天线110。例如,图1所示的三面多扇区天线应用较广。请参阅图2所示,为了达到美化效果,通常会在三面天线110外部增加外罩120。
由于在传统的方法中的基站天线中,每面天线是通过天线罩单独封装,然后再将三面的天线通过圆柱形外罩封装在一起,信号传输需要通过两层罩(天线罩和外罩),信号衰减大。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种基站天线,用于减少基站天线信号的衰减,并且不需要移除外罩的情况下就可以对天线的方位角进行调节。
本发明实施例提供了一种基站天线,包括:至少两个天线,至少两个外罩结构,固定组件、连接组件和上端盖,每个天线独立封装于天线罩内;固定组件包括抱杆和底座,抱杆的底部安装于底座上;连接组件包括天线连接组件、外罩连接组件和抱杆连接组件,抱杆上设置有抱杆连接组件,天线的顶部通过天线连接组件和抱杆连接组件与抱杆连接,天线的底端固定于抱杆的底端;每个外罩结构通过外罩连接组件和抱杆连接组件连接于抱杆上;上端盖设置于天线的顶部;每个外罩结构与天线间隔设置之间,外罩结构的侧边的贴合部与天线罩的外侧壁贴合,天线罩的外侧壁、外罩结构和上端盖共同组成天线的外罩;该外罩结构为弧形结构,通过该弧形结构的形变弹力与天线罩的外侧壁贴合,安装简便,节省安装步骤,而且该外罩结构与天线罩的外侧壁贴合紧密,本发明实施例中,外罩结构与天线间隔设置,外罩结构的侧边贴合部与天线罩的外侧壁贴合,天线罩的外侧壁、外罩结构和上端盖共同组成天线的外罩;基站天线进行信号传输只需要穿过一层天线罩,改变了传统方式中基站天线需要穿过两层罩(外罩和天线罩)信号衰减大;本实施例中,由于信号只穿过一层天线罩传输,减少基站天线信号的衰减,保证了天线的电气性能,天线连接组件包括底部连接件,底部连接件固定于天线的底部,底部连接件上设置有第一固定孔;底座上包括弧形槽,第一螺栓穿过第一固定孔将底部连接件固定于弧形槽,以使第一螺栓在弧形槽内移动,每个天线以抱杆为圆心偏转角度,以调整单个天线的方位角,单根天线 方位角调整时,拧松天线固定螺栓,转动天线,从而使第一螺栓在该弧形槽内滑动从而实现单根天线方位角调节;该方位角是指天线以抱杆为中心转动的中心角的角度,并且方向角的调节方式简便,只需要拧松第一螺栓,然后调整第一螺栓在弧形槽内滑动,最后拧紧螺栓,使得天线固定在调整后的位置,本实施例中,天线可以在底座中轻松滑动,天线在该底座上的固定位置改变,将单根天线的方位角调整的实现只设置在天线的底部,从而在单根天线方位角的调整过程中,不会因该天线上下滑动不同步导致倾斜,从而影响该基站天线的覆盖效果。
在一种可能的实现方式中,天线连接组件包括顶部连接件,顶部连接件的一端固定于天线上,顶部连接件的另一端与抱杆连接组件连接。
在一种可能的实现方式中,顶部连接件的另一端上设置有第二固定孔,导销穿过第二固定孔将顶部连接件的另一端固定连接于抱杆连接组件上,以使天线以导销为中心转动;本实施例中,当调整单个天线的方位角时,由于该天线的底部与底座的连接方式可以实现天线底部的移动,那么该天线的顶部也是可以随之转动的。天线与抱杆稳定固定,使得调整方位角时,在调整方位角的过程中,线可以始终垂直于底座,不会发生倾斜,固定方式结构简单,在实际应用中,节省安装成本。
在一种可能的实现方式中,为了防止鸟类在上端盖上筑巢或者积雪,上端盖为圆锥形结构。
在一种可能的实现方式中,每个外罩连接组件包括第一连接件,第一连接件的一端固定连接于外罩结构的顶部,抱杆连接组件包括第一抱杆连接件,第一抱杆连接件设置于抱杆的顶部,且第一抱杆连接件与第一连接件的位置相对应;第一抱杆连接件上设置有倒装导销,第一连接件的另一端上设置有导销孔,倒装导销穿过导销孔,以使第一连接件固定于第一连接座上。
在一种可能的实现方式中,每个外罩连接组件还包括第二连接件,第二连接件的一端固定于外罩结构的底部,抱杆连接组件包括第二抱杆连接件,第二抱杆连接件与第二连接件的位置相对应,第二连接件的另一端与第二抱杆连接件连接。
在一种可能的实现方式中,天线罩与底座连接部位设置有遮挡环;该遮挡环设置在天线底部,用于封闭外罩结构与底座之间的间隙;该遮挡环可以为一体结构,也可以分为两个部分,一个部分为一个半环形结构,分别为第一遮挡环和第二遮挡环,也就是说,第一遮挡环为一个半环形结构,第二遮挡环为一个半环形结构。在第一遮挡环的两端预装螺钉,在第二遮挡环的两端设置有固定螺母,第一遮挡环和第二遮挡环通过螺钉对锁进行固定到天线底部。
在一种可能的实现方式中,底座的底部固定连接有底部法兰,底部法兰上设置有滑槽,第三螺栓穿过滑槽将底部法兰与单管塔顶的法兰固定,通过改变第三螺栓在滑槽中的位置调整基站天线的方位角;调整基站天线的方位角时,拧松与塔顶的法兰第三螺栓,左右转动基站天线,使第三螺栓在滑槽内转动,从而实现整个基站天线的方位角调节。
在一种可能的实现方式中,为了在工程安装和运输的过程中更加便捷,也可以为分体式结构,在一种分体式结构中,抱杆包括上抱杆和下抱杆,上抱杆和下抱杆活动连接。
在一种可能的实现方式中,天线罩为柱形,天线罩的截面为扇形,外罩结构为弧形单片结构,外罩结构的中心角的角度为:
Figure PCTCN2018090996-appb-000001
其中,x为天线的扇形的中心角的度数,n为天线的数量,a为贴合部的中心角的角度,2a小于x。第一外罩结构的第一贴合部和第二外罩结构的第二贴合部的弧面要小于天线罩的外侧壁,也就是说该第一贴合部和该第二贴合部不能覆盖该天线罩的外侧壁,以保证天线罩内的天线传输信号只通过一层天线罩,保证天线的电气性能。
附图说明
图1为传统的基站天线的结构示意图;
图2为传统的增加外罩的基站天线的结构示意图;
图3为本发明实施例中基站天线的结构爆炸示意图;
图4为本发明实施例中基站天线的立体结构示意图;
图5为本发明实施例中固定组件的结构示意图;
图6为本发明实施例中天线与固定组件连接的结构示意图;
图7为本发明实施例中外罩结构与天线贴合的截面示意图;
图8为本发明实施例中上端盖的结构示意图;
图9为本发明实施例中一个外罩结构和一个天线贴合的截面示意图;
图10为本发明实施例中外罩结构与天线贴合的截面示意图;
图11为本发明实施例中天线固定于底座的结构示意图;
图12为本发明实施例中天线与抱杆连接的结构示意图;
图13为本发明实施例中外罩结构安装到抱杆上的结构示意图;
图14为本发明实施例中外罩结构安装到抱杆上的结构示意图;
图15为本发明实施例中基站天线中遮挡环的结构示意图;
图16为本发明实施例中底座固定到单管塔顶的结构示意图;
图17为本发明实施例中一体式抱杆的结构示意图;
图18为本发明实施例中分体式抱杆的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明实施例提供了一种基站天线,用于减少基站天线信号的衰减,保证天线的电气性能。
本发明的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”等(如果存在)是用于区别类似的对象,而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换,以便这里描述的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的内容以外的顺序实施。此外,术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形,意图在于覆盖不排他的包含,例如,包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元,而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于 这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
本发明实施例提供了一种基站天线,请结合图3进行理解,图3本实施例中基站天线的结构爆炸示意图,图4为本发明实施例中基站天线的立体结构示意图。该基站天线包括至少两个天线301,至少两个外罩结构302,固定组件304、连接组件305和上端盖303。每个天线独立封装于一个天线罩内。为了方便说明,本实施例中天线的数量以3个为例,外罩结构的数量以3个为例进行说明。
请结合图5所示,图5为固定组件的结构示意图,固定组件304包括抱杆3041和底座3042,抱杆3041的底部安装于底座3042上,示例的,底座3042可以为圆柱形结构,底座3042包括连接部,底座3042具有腔室,连接部用于连接天线和抱杆3041,腔室用于容置天线的馈线。
底座3042的圆柱中心设置有抱杆安装孔3043,抱杆3041的底端插入抱杆安装孔3043,并通过螺钉固定,从而使抱杆3041的底端与底座3042连接。
请结合图6所示,图6为天线与固定组件连接的结构示意图。连接组件包括天线连接组件3051、外罩连接组件3053和抱杆连接组件3052,抱杆上设置有抱杆连接组件3052,天线的顶部与天线连接组件3051固定连接,该天线连接组件3051和抱杆连接组件3052连接,也就是说,该天线通过天线连接组件3051和抱杆连接组件3052与该抱杆连接,天线的底端固定于抱杆3041上。
每个外罩结构302通过外罩连接组件3053和抱杆连接组件3052连接于抱杆3041上;上端盖303设置于天线的顶部。
请结合图7进行理解,图7为外罩结构与天线设置位置的截面示意图。每个外罩结构302设置于两个天线301之间,外罩结构302与天线301间隔设置,可以理解的是,当天线301的数量为3个时,为了使天线301固定的更加稳固,三个天线301分别与该抱杆连接,该抱杆将天线301进行固定。
如图7所示,三个天线301围绕抱杆3041设置并与抱杆3041连接,两个天线301之间具有间隔,该外罩结构302的作用是连接两个天线301,从而使三个天线301外侧壁围成一个整体,需要说明的是,本实施例中外罩结构302与天线301“连接”,是指外罩结构302的贴合部与天线301的天线罩外侧壁贴合。该外罩结构302为弧形结构,通过该弧形结构的形变弹力与天线罩的外侧壁贴合,安装简便,节省安装步骤,而且该外罩结构与天线罩的外侧壁贴合紧密。
请结合图7进行理解,每个天线301独立封装于天线罩中,该天线罩形状为柱形,且该柱形的横截面为扇形,该柱形的外侧壁为弧面。本实施例中包括三个天线和三个外罩结构,三个外罩结构分别为第一外罩结构、第二外罩结构和第三外罩结构;每个外罩结构302可以为弧片结构,每个外罩结构302包括贴合部,该贴合部为该外罩结构两侧边的一定宽度的部分,例如,外罩结构302的两个侧边的贴合部包括第一贴合部3021和第二贴合部3022,该第一贴合部3021与相邻的第一天线罩3011的外侧壁贴合,该第二贴合部3022与相邻的第二电线罩3012的外侧壁贴合。该外罩结构为弧片结构,在一定的弹性力的作用下,保证该外罩结构与天线罩的外侧壁始终贴合。
天线罩的外侧壁、外罩结构302和上端盖303共同组成天线的外罩。
可选的,请结合图8进行理解,图8为上端盖的结构示意图。为了防止鸟类在上端盖上筑巢或者积雪,该上端盖303为圆锥形结构。上端盖303通过固定螺栓3031固定到抱杆3041的顶部,在上端盖303的顶部设置有避雷针306,避雷针306和吊环307采用一体化设计,该吊环307用于该基站天线的整体吊装。
本发明实施例中,外罩结构与天线间隔设置,外罩结构的侧边贴合部与天线罩的外侧壁贴合,天线罩的外侧壁、外罩结构和上端盖共同组成该多扇区天线的外罩。基站天线进行信号传输只需要穿过一层天线罩,改变了传统方式中基站天线需要穿过两层罩(外罩和天线罩)信号衰减大,本实施例中,由于信号只穿过一层天线罩传输,减少基站天线信号的衰减。
上面描述的示例中,外罩结构的数量和天线的数量均是以3个为例进行说明的,在实际中本发明实施例中的天线也可以包括一个外罩结构和一个天线,请结合图9进行理解,图9为一个外罩结构和一个天线贴合的截面示意图,该外罩结构302的两个侧边的一定宽度为贴合部,该外罩结构包括第一贴合部3021和第二贴合部3022,该第一贴合部3021贴合到该天线罩的外侧壁的一侧,而该第二贴合部3022贴合到该天线罩的外侧壁的另一侧。
该天线罩的外侧壁和外罩结构302和上端盖303共同构成该多扇区基站天线的外罩。
需要说明的是,本发明实施例中对于外罩结构302和天线301的数量并不限定,外罩结构302和天线301间隔设置,且外罩结构302连接于抱杆3041,天线301也连接于抱杆3041,外罩结构302和天线301的数量相同,外罩结构302的弧面的角度与该基站天线301包括的天线301数量有关,请结合图10进行理解,若每个天线301的扇形的中心角(θ 1)的角度是固定不变的,例如,每个天线301的扇形的中心角的角度为80度,若该基站天线包括3个天线301,3个外罩结构302,则每个外罩结构302的中心角(θ 2)为50度(按照每个天线301的扇形的中心角的角度为80度计算,则每个外罩结构302的中心角的角度应该为40度,但是该外罩结构302需要包括两个侧边的贴合部,因此,该外罩结构302的中心角需要大于40度),也就是说,若天线301的扇形的中心角的度数为x,天线301的数量为n,则通过下述公式1计算该外罩结构302的中心角的角度:
Figure PCTCN2018090996-appb-000002
其中,a(θ 3)可以为一个常数。例如a可以为10度。2a小于x,结合图10进行理解,2a小于x,从而使第一外罩结构302的第一贴合部和第二外罩结构302的第二贴合部的弧面要小于天线301罩的外侧壁,也就是说该外罩结构的第一贴合部和该外罩结构的第二贴合部不能覆盖该天线301罩的外侧壁,以保证天线301传输信号只通过一层天线罩,保证天线301的电气性能。
本发明实施例中,在上述实施例的基础上,本发明实施例提供了一种基站天线的另一个实施例包括:
该基站天线包括至少两个天线301,至少两个外罩结构302,固定组件304、连接组件和上端盖303。为了方便说明,本实施例中天线301的数量以3个为例,外罩结构302的数量以3进行说明。每个天线301独立封装于一个天线301罩内。
连接组件包括天线连接组件3051、外罩连接组件3053和抱杆连接组件3052,抱杆上 设置有抱杆连接组件3052,天线的顶部与天线连接组件3051固定连接,该天线连接组件和抱杆连接组件3052连接,也就是说,该天线通过天线连接组件3051和抱杆连接组件3052与该抱杆连接,天线的底端固定于底座3042上。
具体的,请结合图6和图11进行理解,图11为天线固定于底座的结构示意图。底部连接件30512上设置有第一固定孔;该底座上设置有法兰,该法兰上包括弧形槽307,第一螺栓306穿过第一固定孔将底部连接件30512固定于弧形槽307,该弧形槽307的作用是使得第一螺栓306在弧形槽307内滑动。单根天线方位角调整时,拧松天线固定螺栓,转动天线,使第一螺栓306在该弧形槽307内从一个位置滑动到另一个位置,之后再将该螺栓旋紧,从而实现单根天线方位角调节。该方位角是指天线以抱杆为中心转动的中心角的角度。
本实施例中,通过设置该弧形槽307,该天线301在该底座3042上的固定位置可以改变,也就是说通过改变该天线301在底座3042的固定位置来调整每个天线的方位角,独立的调整每天线的方位角。
由于该天线的底部与底座的连接方式可以实现天线底部的移动,那么该天线的顶部也是可以随之转动的。本实施例中,方向角的调节方式简便,只需要拧松第一螺栓306,然后调整第一螺栓306在弧形槽307内滑动,最后拧紧螺栓,使得天线固定在需要调整的位置,该基站天线通过该弧形槽在该底座上的固定位置改变,保证天线调整方位角的过程中,天线可以在底座3042中轻松滑动。可见,在本申请中,将单根天线的方位角调整的实现只设置在天线的底部,从而在单根天线方位角的调整过程中,不会因该天线上下滑动不同步导致倾斜,从而影响该基站天线的覆盖效果。
请结合图12进行理解,图12为天线与抱杆连接的结构示意图。该天线连接组件包括顶部连接件30511,该顶部连接件30511的一端与天线的顶部固定连接,该顶部连接件30511的另一端与设置于抱杆上的抱杆连接组件连接。抱杆连接组件3052上设置有导销308,顶部连接件30511的另一端上设置有第二固定孔,导销308穿过第二固定孔将顶部连接件30511的另一端固定连接于抱杆连接组件3052上,以使天线以导销308为中心转动。
本实施例中,由于在底座上设置有弧形槽,因此,该天线在该底座上的固定位置可以改变,从而实现单根天线方位角调节,本实施例中,每个天线与底座的连接方式,每个天线与抱杆的连接方式均相同,本实施例中,为了方便说明,只以一个天线为例进行说明。本实施例中,每个天线通过第一螺栓活动固定在该底座上,并不影响该外罩结构与抱杆的连接方式,下面对外罩结构如何与该抱杆进行连接进行详细说明。本实施例中基站天线包括3个外罩结构,为了方便说明,此处只描述该3个外罩结构中的一个外罩结构与抱杆的连接方式,其他两个外罩结构与抱杆的连接方式本实施例中不赘述。
请结合图13进行理解,图13为外罩结构安装到抱杆上的结构示意图。每个外罩连接组件3053包括2个连接件,分别为第一连接件30531和第二连接件30532,第一连接件30531的一端固定连接于外罩结构302的顶部,第二连接件30532的一端固定连接于外罩结构302的底部,并且,该抱杆上设置的抱杆连接组件3052也包括2个抱杆连接件,分别为第一抱杆连接件30521和第二抱杆连接件30522,抱杆连接组件3052的作用是通过连接外罩连接 组件3053,从而使外罩结构302与抱杆连接,由此,抱杆连接组件3052在抱杆上的设置位置与外罩连接组件3053是位置是对应的,第一抱杆连接件30521包括第一紧固结构30527和第一连接座30528,紧固结构30527为圆环形,第一连接座30528与该第一紧固结构30527固定连接,每个紧固结构连接的连接座的数量不限定,该紧固结构30528套置在抱杆上,然后通过螺钉将该紧固结构固定,连接座用于连接外罩连接组件3053,若基站天线包括三个外罩结构302,则一个紧固结构连接三个连接座,该进入结构和连接座为“扇叶”形状。第二抱杆连接件30522的结构与第一抱杆连接件30521的结构相同,此处不赘述。
请结合图14进行理解,图14为外罩结构安装到抱杆上的结构示意图。第一连接件30531的一端与外罩结构302的顶部固定连接,该第一连接件30531的另一端与第一抱杆连接件30521的第一连接座30528连接,第一连接座30528上设置有倒装导销30529,第一连接件30531的另一端上设置有导销孔30535,倒装导销30529穿过导销孔30535,以使第一连接件30531固定于第一连接座30531上。
该第二连接件30532的一端固定于外罩结构302的底部,抱杆连接组件3052包括第二连接座,第二连接座与第二连接件30532的位置相对应,第二连接件30532的另一端与第二连接座连接。该第二连接座上设置有倒装导销,该第二连接件30532的另一端上设置有导销孔,该倒装导销穿过导销孔,以使第二连接件30532固定于第二连接座上。
本实施例中,该外罩结构通过外罩连接组件和外罩连接组件与抱杆连接,可选的,为了外罩结构与抱杆连接的更加稳固,外罩连接组件还可以包括第三连接件30533,该第三连接件30533的一端固定连接于该外罩结构的中部,同样的,该抱杆连接组件还可以包括第三抱杆连接件30523,该第三抱杆连接件30523设置于该抱杆的中部,且该第三抱杆连接件30523的位置与该第三连接件30533的位置对应,该第三连接件30533的一端固定于外罩结构的中部,抱杆连接组件包括第三连接座,第三连接件30533的另一端与第三抱杆连接件30523的第三连接座连接。该第三连接座上设置有倒装导销,该第三连接件30533的另一端上设置有导销孔,该倒装导销穿过该导销孔,以使第二连接件固定于该第三连接座上。
本实施例中,即使单个天线在调整方位角的过程中,该外罩结构始终与天线的外侧壁贴合,也就是说,本实施例中,第一螺栓在弧形槽中滑动的最大角度小于贴合部的中心角度(上述公式1中的a),从而保证单个天线在调整方位角的过程中,该外罩结构始终与天线的外侧壁贴合,也就是说,即使单个天线调整方位角,该外罩结构始终与天线的外侧壁贴合,从而使天线外罩和外罩结构共同构成该基站天线的外罩。本实施例中改变了传统方式中需要将整个外罩移除,才能对单个天线的方位角进行调节的问题,在本实施例中,需要调整天线的方位角时,只需要拧松第一螺栓,然后转动天线,使第一螺栓在底座的法兰的弧形槽内滑动从而实现单根天线的方位角调节。
可选的,请结合图15进行理解,图15为基站天线中遮挡环的结构示意图。天线罩与底座连接部位设置有遮挡环309。该遮挡环309设置在天线底部,用于封闭外罩结构与底座之间的间隙。
遮挡环309包括两个部分,一个部分为一个半环形结构,分别为第一遮挡环3091和第 二遮挡环3092,也就是说,第一遮挡环3091为一个半环形结构,第二遮挡环3092为一个半环形结构。在第一遮挡环3091的两端预装螺钉,在第二遮挡环3092的两端设置有固定螺母,第一遮挡环3091和第二遮挡环3092通过螺钉对锁进行固定到天线底部。
可选的,底座的法兰上设置有限位结构310,该限位结构为一个卡扣结构,而该遮挡环的内部设置有卡槽结构,通过卡扣和卡槽结构的配合使该遮挡环固定于该天线底部,防止遮挡环上下运动。
可选的,请结合图16进行理解,图16为底座固定到单管塔顶的结构示意图,底座3042的底部固定连接有底部法兰30421,底部法兰30421上设置有滑槽312,基站天线通过第三螺栓311将底部法兰30421与单管塔顶10的法兰11固定,第三螺栓311穿过滑槽312将底部法兰30421与单管塔顶10的法兰固定,通过改变第三螺栓311在滑槽312中的位置改变底座3042与单管塔顶的法兰11的相对位置。调整基站天线的方位角时,拧松与塔顶的法兰11第三螺栓311,左右转动基站天线,使第三螺栓311在滑槽312内转动,从而实现整个基站天线的方位角调节。
可选的,请结合图17和图18进行理解,图17为一体式抱杆的结构示意图。图18为分体式抱杆的结构示意图。为了在工程安装和运输的过程中更加便捷,也可以为分体式结构,在一种分体式结构中,抱杆3041包括上抱杆30411和下抱杆30412,上抱杆30411和下抱杆30412活动连接。
以上所述,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种基站天线,其特征在于,包括:至少两个天线,至少两个外罩结构,固定组件、连接组件和上端盖,每个所述天线独立封装于天线罩内;
    所述固定组件包括抱杆和底座,所述抱杆的底部安装于所述底座上;
    所述连接组件包括天线连接组件、外罩连接组件和抱杆连接组件,所述抱杆连接组件设置在抱杆上,所述天线的顶部通过所述天线连接组件和所述抱杆连接组件与所述抱杆连接,所述天线的底端固定于所述抱杆的底端;
    每个所述外罩结构通过所述外罩连接组件和所述抱杆连接组件连接于所述抱杆上;所述上端盖设置于所述天线的顶部;
    每个所述外罩结构与所述天线间隔设置之间,所述外罩结构的侧边的贴合部与所述天线罩的外侧壁贴合,天线的外罩包括所述天线罩的外侧壁、所述外罩结构和所述上端盖;
    所述天线连接组件包括底部连接件,所述底部连接件固定于所述天线的底部,所述底部连接件上设置有第一固定孔;
    所述底座上包括弧形槽,第一螺栓穿过所述第一固定孔将所述底部连接件固定于所述弧形槽,以使第一螺栓在所述弧形槽内移动,每个所述天线以所述抱杆为圆心,以调整单个天线的方位角。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基站天线,其特征在于,所述天线连接组件包括顶部连接件,所述顶部连接件的一端固定于所述天线上,所述顶部连接件的另一端与所述抱杆连接组件连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的基站天线,其特征在于,所述抱杆连接组件上设置有导销,所述顶部连接件的另一端上设置有第二固定孔,所述导销穿过所述第二固定孔将所述顶部连接件的另一端固定连接于所述抱杆连接组件上,以使所述天线以所述导销为中心转动。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的基站天线,其特征在于,所述上端盖为圆锥形结构。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的基站天线,其特征在于,每个所述外罩连接组件包括第一连接件,所述第一连接件的一端固定连接于所述外罩结构的顶部,所述抱杆连接组件包括第一抱杆连接件,所述第一抱杆连接件设置于所述抱杆的顶部,且所述第一抱杆连接件与所述第一连接件的位置相对应;所述第一抱杆连接件上设置有倒装导销,所述第一连接件的另一端上设置有导销孔,所述倒装导销穿过所述导销孔,以使所述第一连接件固定于所述第一连接座上。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的基站天线,其特征在于,每个所述外罩连接组件还包括第二连接件,所述第二连接件的一端固定于所述外罩结构的底部,所述抱杆连接组件包括第二抱杆连接件,所述第二抱杆连接件与所述第二连接件的位置相对应,所述第二连接件的另一端与所述第二抱杆连接件连接。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6任一项所述的基站天线,其特征在于,所述天线罩与所述底座连接部位设置有遮挡环。
  8. 根据权利要求1至6任一项所述的基站天线,其特征在于,所述底座的底部固定连接有底部法兰,所述底部法兰上设置有滑槽,第三螺栓穿过所述滑槽将所述底部法兰与单 管塔顶的法兰固定,通过改变所述第三螺栓在所述滑槽中的位置调整所述基站天线的方位角。
  9. 根据权利要求1至6任一项所述的基站天线,其特征在于,所述抱杆包括上抱杆和下抱杆,所述上抱杆和所述下抱杆活动连接。
  10. 根据权利要求1至6任一项所述的基站天线,其特征在于,所述天线罩为柱形,所述天线罩的截面为扇形,所述外罩结构为弧形单片结构,所述外罩结构的中心角的角度为:
    Figure PCTCN2018090996-appb-100001
    其中,x为天线的扇形的中心角的度数,n为天线的数量,所述a为贴合部的中心角的角度,2a小于x。
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CN107394339B (zh) 2019-08-06
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EP3624259B1 (en) 2021-12-01
CN107394339A (zh) 2017-11-24
US11316245B2 (en) 2022-04-26
US20200119426A1 (en) 2020-04-16
EP3624259A4 (en) 2020-05-13

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