WO2018223776A1 - Control method, apparatus and system for robot, and computer-readable storage medium - Google Patents

Control method, apparatus and system for robot, and computer-readable storage medium Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018223776A1
WO2018223776A1 PCT/CN2018/083351 CN2018083351W WO2018223776A1 WO 2018223776 A1 WO2018223776 A1 WO 2018223776A1 CN 2018083351 W CN2018083351 W CN 2018083351W WO 2018223776 A1 WO2018223776 A1 WO 2018223776A1
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deviation
domain
robot
correction amount
motion correction
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PCT/CN2018/083351
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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霍峰
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北京京东尚科信息技术有限公司
北京京东世纪贸易有限公司
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Publication of WO2018223776A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018223776A1/en

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/02Control of position or course in two dimensions
    • G05D1/021Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
    • G05D1/0276Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using signals provided by a source external to the vehicle
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/02Control of position or course in two dimensions

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  • the present disclosure relates to the field of control technologies, and in particular, to a control method of a robot, a control device of the robot, a control system of the robot, and a computer readable storage medium.
  • the related technology generally controls each driving wheel of the robot according to the calculation result of the path planning method, thereby achieving the purpose of correcting the motion track.
  • the inventors of the present disclosure have found that the above related art has the following problems: the traditional path planning method needs to perform a complex solution according to the current position and speed of the robot to pre-plan the correcting path, resulting in a slow control response, and for the environment, the road surface, and the like.
  • the adaptive ability of the influence caused by external factors is poor.
  • the present disclosure proposes a control technology scheme for a robot, which can improve the adaptive ability and response speed of the robot motion control.
  • a method of controlling a robot comprising: blurring the traveling angle deviation and the position deviation in a range of a traveling angle deviation and a position deviation of a current moment of the robot, respectively Obtaining a fuzzy value of the deviation of the traveling angle and a fuzzy value of the positional deviation; performing fuzzy inference on the fuzzy value of the traveling angle deviation and the fuzzy value of the positional deviation to obtain a fuzzy value of the motion correction amount of the robot; In the domain of the motion correction amount, the blur correction value of the motion correction amount is subjected to deblurring processing to obtain the motion correction amount; wherein the control method further includes the travel angle deviation and the position according to the current time Deviation, real-time adjustment of the domain of the travel angle deviation and the domain of the positional deviation.
  • the domain of the motion correction amount is adjusted in real time according to the traveling speed of the current moment of the robot.
  • the domain of the deviation of the angle of travel of the previous moment and the domain of the positional deviation are [-P, P] and [-E, E], respectively, and the deviation of the traveling angle and the positional deviation of the current time are ⁇ and y, respectively.
  • a first domain scaling factor ⁇ ; a domain of the deviation of the traveling angle at the current time and a domain of the positional deviation Adjusted to [- ⁇ P, ⁇ P] and [- ⁇ E, ⁇ E], respectively.
  • the first domain scaling factor ⁇ max ⁇ (
  • the constant between ⁇ is a constant between [0.08, 0.12].
  • determining a second universe scaling factor ⁇ according to a traveling speed v of the current moment of the robot wherein ⁇ determined in a case where v is greater than or equal to a threshold is greater than ⁇ determined in a case where v is less than a threshold;
  • the domain of the motion correction amount at the current time is adjusted from the field of motion correction amount [-T, T] of the previous moment to [- ⁇ T, ⁇ T].
  • the second domain scaling factor :
  • ⁇ t is a constant between (0, 1) and v t is a preset crawling speed.
  • the predetermined creep speed v t is a constant between [32, 48] mm/s.
  • the blur value is at least one of a large deviation in the positive direction, a deviation in the positive direction, a small deviation in the positive direction, no deviation, a large deviation in the reverse direction, a deviation in the reverse direction, or a small deviation in the reverse direction.
  • a control apparatus for a robot comprising: a blurring processing component, for the deviation of the traveling angle and the position of the traveling angle deviation and the position deviation of the current moment of the robot respectively Obscuring the positional deviation to obtain a fuzzy value of the deviation of the traveling angle and a fuzzy value of the positional deviation;
  • the fuzzy inference component is configured to perform fuzzy inference on the fuzzy value of the traveling angle deviation and the fuzzy value of the positional deviation, a fuzzy value of the motion correction amount of the robot;
  • the defuzzification processing component is configured to perform a blurring process on the blur value of the motion correction amount in the domain of the motion correction amount to obtain the motion correction amount;
  • the fuzzification processing component is further configured to perform real-time adjustment on the domain of the traveling angle deviation and the domain of the position deviation according to the traveling angle deviation and the position deviation of the current time.
  • the deblurring processing component is further configured to perform real-time adjustment of the domain of the motion correction amount according to a traveling speed of the current moment of the robot.
  • the fuzzification processing component is configured to perform the following steps: the domain of the deviation of the traveling angle deviation and the domain of the position deviation at the previous moment are [-P, P] and [-E, E], respectively.
  • the traveling angle deviation and the positional deviation of the time are ⁇ and y, respectively, and the first domain scaling factor ⁇ is determined according to the ratio of
  • the domain of the angular deviation and the domain of the positional deviation are adjusted to [- ⁇ P, ⁇ P] and [- ⁇ E, ⁇ E], respectively.
  • the first domain scaling factor ⁇ max ⁇ (
  • the constant between ⁇ is a constant between [0.08, 0.12].
  • the deblurring processing component is configured to perform the step of: determining a second universe scaling factor ⁇ according to a traveling speed v of the current moment of the robot, wherein ⁇ determined in a case where v is greater than or equal to a threshold, It is larger than ⁇ determined when v is smaller than the threshold value; the domain of the motion correction amount at the current time is adjusted from the domain [-T, T] of the motion correction amount at the previous time to [- ⁇ T, ⁇ T].
  • the second domain scaling factor :
  • ⁇ t is a constant between (0, 1) and v t is a preset crawling speed.
  • the predetermined creep speed v t is a constant between [32, 48] mm/s.
  • the blur value is at least one of a large deviation in the positive direction, a deviation in the positive direction, a small deviation in the positive direction, no deviation, a large deviation in the reverse direction, a deviation in the reverse direction, and a small deviation in the reverse direction.
  • a control apparatus for a robot comprising: a memory and a processor coupled to the memory, the processor being configured to execute based on an instruction stored in the memory device One or several steps in the control method of the robot described in any of the above embodiments.
  • a control system for a robot includes: a position sensor for acquiring a real-time position and a traveling direction of the robot; and a processor for performing the method described in any of the above embodiments One or several steps in the robot's control method.
  • a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, the program being executed by a processor to implement one or more of the control methods of the robot described in any of the above embodiments Steps.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary flowchart of a method of controlling a robot in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of a method of controlling a robot in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of a control device of a robot, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of a control device of a robot according to further embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of a control device of a robot in accordance with further embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of a control system of a robot, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary flow chart of a method of controlling a robot in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the method includes: step 101, adjusting a field of angular deviation and position deviation in real time; step 102, determining a fuzzy value of the angular deviation and the position deviation; and step 103, determining a fuzzy value of the motion correction amount; and the step 104. Determine a motion correction amount.
  • step 101 the domain of the deviation of the traveling angle and the field of the positional deviation are adjusted in real time based on the deviation of the traveling angle and the positional deviation at the current time.
  • robot motion can be controlled according to the schematic in FIG.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a method of controlling a robot in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the ideal traveling direction of the robot 20 is the X axis
  • the position coordinate of the robot 20 in the vertical direction of the X axis is the Y axis.
  • the actual position of the robot 20 at the moment is the point M(x, y), and the ideal position should be the coordinate system origin O(0, 0), and the angle v between the speed v of the robot 20 and the X axis is ⁇ , where the ideal moment is
  • the position can be determined by scanning the markings laid on the ground by a scanning device on the robot 20, which can be a two-dimensional code with a spacing of 1 meter. Therefore, at the current time, the displacement deviation of the robot 20 is y, and the deviation of the traveling angle is ⁇ , and the angular deviation can be set clockwise to be positive and counterclockwise to be negative.
  • the domain of the deviation of the angle of travel of the previous moment and the domain of the positional deviation are [-P, P] and [-E, E], respectively, and the deviation of the traveling angle and the positional deviation at the current time are respectively ⁇ .
  • the first domain scaling factor ⁇ can be determined from the ratio of
  • is to ensure that the adjusted domain does not infinitely close to 0, can be set to a constant between [0.08, 0.12], or according to the actual The situation is set to a relatively small number such as 0.15, 0.2, etc. that is not zero.
  • the domains of the travel angle deviation and positional deviation at the previous moment [-P, P] and [-E, E] are respectively adjusted to [- ⁇ P, ⁇ P] and [- ⁇ E, ⁇ E].
  • the initial domain of the deviation of the travel angle can be set to [-1°, 1°]
  • the initial domain of positional deviation is [- 20mm, 20mm]
  • the initial domain can be adjusted according to the scaling factor calculated at the first moment.
  • step 102 the travel angle deviation and the position deviation are blurred in the field of the travel angle deviation and the position deviation of the current time of the robot, respectively, and the blur value of the travel angle deviation and the blur value of the position deviation are obtained.
  • the fuzzy value may be set to a positive direction large deviation PB, a positive direction deviation PM, a positive direction small deviation PS, an unbiased ZE, a reverse large deviation NB, a reverse direction deviation NM, or a reverse small deviation NS.
  • the membership function can be set for each fuzzy value according to the actual situation.
  • the membership function is preferably a triangle membership function, and a trapezoid membership function can also be used. Taking ⁇ and y into each of the above membership functions, respectively, calculating the membership degree corresponding to each fuzzy value, and then determining which fuzzy ⁇ and y should be blurred by comparing the degree of membership of ⁇ and y for each fuzzy value. value.
  • step 103 fuzzy inference is performed on the blur value of the travel angle deviation and the blur value of the position deviation to obtain a blur value of the motion correction amount of the robot.
  • the robot 20 has two drive wheels 21 and 22, and the motion correction amounts of the drive wheel 21 and the drive wheel 22 can be set to be opposite to each other, for example, the motion correction of the drive wheel 21.
  • the amount is z
  • the motion correction amount of the drive wheel 22 is -z.
  • the two drive wheels 21 and 22 are simultaneously controlled in accordance with the respective correction amounts.
  • the correspondence between the motion correction amount z of the drive wheel 21 and the fuzzy inference of ⁇ and y can be as shown in the following table:
  • the fuzzy reasoning correspondence can be adjusted according to the actual situation.
  • step 104 in the domain of the motion correction amount, the blur value of the motion correction amount is subjected to deblurring processing to obtain a motion correction amount.
  • the domain of the motion correction amount is adjusted in real time based on the travel speed v of the current time of the robot.
  • the second universe scaling factor ⁇ may be determined according to the traveling speed v of the current moment of the robot, and it is ensured that ⁇ determined in the case where v is greater than or equal to the threshold is greater than ⁇ determined in the case where v is less than the threshold.
  • determining the second domain scaling factor according to the traveling speed v of the current moment of the robot is
  • ⁇ t is a constant between (0, 1)
  • v t is the preset crawling speed
  • the domain of the motion correction amount of the current time is from the field of motion correction of the previous moment [-T, T] Adjust to [- ⁇ T, ⁇ T].
  • the crawling speed v t is a preset slower robot traveling speed when the robot approaches the target position, so as to prevent the robot from coming over the brake or adjusting to exceed the target position.
  • the creep speed can be a constant between [32, 48] mm/s.
  • the initial domain of the motion correction amount can be set to [-30 mm/s, 30 mm/s], which is operated by the robot.
  • the initial domain can be adjusted by scaling factor ⁇ .
  • the response speed to the robot control is improved by the fuzzy control; the fuzzy set theory field of the fuzzy control input and the output quantity is adjusted in real time, and the correcting ability for the robot trajectory is improved; the opposite of the same control amount is adopted.
  • the number of the two driving wheels of the robot is controlled at the same time, which overcomes the control error caused by the uncoordinated control of each driving wheel.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of a control device of a robot, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the apparatus includes: a fuzzification processing component 31, a fuzzy inference component 32, and a defuzzification processing component 33.
  • the blurring processing unit 31 blurs the traveling angle deviation and the position deviation in the field of the traveling angle deviation and the position deviation of the current time of the robot, respectively, and obtains the blur value of the traveling angle deviation and the blur value of the position deviation.
  • the fuzzification processing component 31 can also adjust the domain of the deviation of the traveling angle deviation and the position deviation in real time according to the deviation of the traveling angle and the position deviation at the current time.
  • the fuzzification processing component 31 can acquire real-time position information of the robot through a position sensor mounted on the robot.
  • the position sensor may be a motor optical code disc
  • the blurring processing component 31 calculates the real-time position and the traveling direction of the robot by the motor optical code discs of the two driving wheels of the robot, thereby determining the traveling angle deviation and the position deviation.
  • the fuzzification processing component 31 is configured to perform the steps of: the domain of the deviation of the angle of travel of the previous moment and the domain of the positional deviation are [-P, P] and [-E, E], respectively.
  • the traveling angle deviation and the position deviation of the current time are ⁇ and y, respectively, and the first domain expansion factor ⁇ is determined according to the ratio of
  • the domain of the deviation and the field of positional deviation are adjusted to [- ⁇ P, ⁇ P] and [- ⁇ E, ⁇ E], respectively.
  • the fuzzy inference component 32 performs fuzzy inference on the blur value of the travel angle deviation and the blur value of the position deviation to obtain a blur value of the motion correction amount of the robot.
  • the deblurring processing component 33 deblurs the blurring value of the motion correction amount in the domain of the motion correction amount to obtain a motion correction amount.
  • the robot 20 has two drive wheels 21 and 22 that are respectively driven by two motors.
  • the driving wheels 21 and 22 can be driven by differential driving, that is, when the two motors rotate at the same speed in the same direction, the robot advances and retreats in a straight line, and when the two motors rotate in the same direction at the same speed, the robot turns in place.
  • the motion correction amounts of the drive wheels 21 and 22 are opposite to each other.
  • the deblurring processing component 33 adjusts the universe of motion corrections in real time based on the speed of travel of the robot at the current time.
  • the deblurring processing component 33 is configured to perform the steps of: determining the second universe scaling factor ⁇ according to the traveling speed v of the current moment of the robot, and being able to ensure that ⁇ determined in the case where v is greater than or equal to the threshold, is greater than less than v. ⁇ determined in the case of the threshold; the domain of the motion correction amount at the current time is adjusted from the field of motion correction [-T, T] of the previous moment to [- ⁇ T, ⁇ T].
  • the deblurring processing component 33 determines that the second domain scaling factor is based on the traveling speed v of the current moment of the robot.
  • ⁇ t is a constant between (0, 1), v t is the preset crawling speed, and the domain of the motion correction amount at the current time is from the field of motion correction of the previous moment [-T, T] Adjust to [- ⁇ T, ⁇ T].
  • the fuzzification processing component and the defuzzification processing component can adjust the fuzzy set theory domain in real time according to actual conditions, and can correct the robot under different working conditions such as load change and road surface condition change, thereby enhancing the adaptive capability. Increases the accuracy of the control and reduces the control response time.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of a control device of a robot in accordance with further embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the apparatus 40 of this embodiment includes a memory 41 and a processor 42 coupled to the memory 41, the processor 42 being configured to perform any of the implementations of the present disclosure based on instructions stored in the memory 41.
  • the processor 42 being configured to perform any of the implementations of the present disclosure based on instructions stored in the memory 41.
  • the memory 41 may include, for example, a system memory, a fixed non-volatile storage medium, or the like.
  • the system memory stores, for example, an operating system, an application, a boot loader, a database, and other programs.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of a control device of a robot in accordance with further embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the processor 520 is coupled to the memory 510 via the BUS bus 530.
  • Display device 50 may also be coupled to external storage device 550 via storage interface 560 for invoking external data, and may also be coupled to a network or another computer system (not shown) via network interface 560. It will not be described in detail here.
  • control methods of any of the foregoing embodiments can be implemented by storing data instructions through memory 510 and processing the instructions by processor 520.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of a control system of a robot, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the control system 6 includes a position sensor 61 and a processor 62.
  • the position sensor 61 is used to acquire the real-time position and traveling direction of the robot.
  • the processor 62 is operative to perform one or more of the robotic control methods of any of the above embodiments.
  • a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements one or more of the steps of controlling a robot in any of the above embodiments.
  • the computer readable storage medium is a non-transitory computer readable storage medium.
  • the methods and systems of the present disclosure may be implemented in a number of ways.
  • the methods and systems of the present disclosure may be implemented in software, hardware, firmware, or any combination of software, hardware, or firmware.
  • the above-described sequence of steps for the method is for illustrative purposes only, and the steps of the method of the present disclosure are not limited to the order specifically described above unless otherwise specifically stated.
  • the present disclosure may also be embodied as programs recorded in a recording medium, the programs including machine readable instructions for implementing a method in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure also covers a recording medium storing a program for executing the method according to the present disclosure.

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Abstract

A control method and apparatus for a robot. The method comprises: in the universe of discourse of a proceeding angular deviation and a positioning deviation of a robot at a current moment, respectively performing fuzzification on the proceeding angular deviation and the positioning deviation to obtain a fuzzy value of the proceeding angular deviation and a fuzzy value of the positional deviation (102); performing fuzzy reasoning on the fuzzy value of the proceeding angular deviation and the fuzzy value of the positional deviation to obtain a fuzzy value of a motion correction amount of the robot (103); and in the universe of discourse of the motion correction amount, performing defuzzification processing on the fuzzy value of the motion correction amount to obtain the motion correction amount (104); and further comprises adjusting the universe of discourse of the proceeding angular deviation and the universe of discourse of the positional deviation in real time according to the proceeding angular deviation and the positional deviation at the current moment (101). The method and apparatus can improve the self-adaptation capability and response speed of robot motion control.

Description

机器人的控制方法、装置、系统和计算机可读存储介质Robot control method, device, system and computer readable storage medium
相关申请的交叉引用Cross-reference to related applications
本申请是以CN申请号为201710420589.4,申请日为2017年6月7日的申请为基础,并主张其优先权,该CN申请的公开内容在此作为整体引入本申请中。The present application is based on the application of the US Application No. 201710420589.4, filed on June 7, 2017, and the priority of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
技术领域Technical field
本公开涉及控制技术领域,特别涉及一种机器人的控制方法、机器人的控制装置、机器人的控制系统和计算机可读存储介质。The present disclosure relates to the field of control technologies, and in particular, to a control method of a robot, a control device of the robot, a control system of the robot, and a computer readable storage medium.
背景技术Background technique
物流技术的发展已经全面迈向了信息化和无人化,依靠对机器人进行高效、准确地控制可以提高物流效率和质量。因此,如何通过机器人运动控制方法对机器人运动轨迹进行快速平滑的修正和纠偏是目前需要面对的主要技术问题。The development of logistics technology has been fully integrated into information and unmanned, relying on efficient and accurate control of robots can improve logistics efficiency and quality. Therefore, how to quickly and smoothly correct and correct the robot's motion trajectory by the robot motion control method is the main technical problem that needs to be faced.
相关技术一般都是根据路径规划方法的计算结果,对机器人的每个驱动轮分别进行控制,从而达到运动轨迹纠偏的目的。The related technology generally controls each driving wheel of the robot according to the calculation result of the path planning method, thereby achieving the purpose of correcting the motion track.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本公开的发明人发现上述相关技术中存在如下问题:传统的路径规划方法需要根据机器人当前位置和速度进行复杂的解算来预先规划纠偏路径,造成了控制响应速度慢,且对于环境、路面等外界因素造成的影响的自适应能力差。针对上述问题中的至少一个问题,本公开提出了一种机器人的控制技术方案,能够提高机器人运动控制的自适应能力和响应速度。The inventors of the present disclosure have found that the above related art has the following problems: the traditional path planning method needs to perform a complex solution according to the current position and speed of the robot to pre-plan the correcting path, resulting in a slow control response, and for the environment, the road surface, and the like. The adaptive ability of the influence caused by external factors is poor. In view of at least one of the above problems, the present disclosure proposes a control technology scheme for a robot, which can improve the adaptive ability and response speed of the robot motion control.
根据本公开的一些实施例,提供了一种机器人的控制方法,包括:分别在机器人当前时刻的行进角度偏差和位置偏差的论域内,对所述行进角度偏差和所述位置偏差进行模糊化处理,得到行进角度偏差的模糊值和位置偏差的模糊值;对所述行进角度偏差的模糊值和所述位置偏差的模糊值进行模糊推理,得到所述机器人的运动修正量的模糊值;在所述运动修正量的论域内,对所述运动修正量的模糊值进行解模糊处理,得到所述运动修正量;其中,所述控制方法还包括根据当前时刻的所述行进角度偏差和所述位置偏差,对所述行进角度偏差的论域和所述位置偏差的论域进行实时调整。According to some embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a method of controlling a robot, comprising: blurring the traveling angle deviation and the position deviation in a range of a traveling angle deviation and a position deviation of a current moment of the robot, respectively Obtaining a fuzzy value of the deviation of the traveling angle and a fuzzy value of the positional deviation; performing fuzzy inference on the fuzzy value of the traveling angle deviation and the fuzzy value of the positional deviation to obtain a fuzzy value of the motion correction amount of the robot; In the domain of the motion correction amount, the blur correction value of the motion correction amount is subjected to deblurring processing to obtain the motion correction amount; wherein the control method further includes the travel angle deviation and the position according to the current time Deviation, real-time adjustment of the domain of the travel angle deviation and the domain of the positional deviation.
可选地,根据所述机器人当前时刻的行进速度,对所述运动修正量的论域进行实时调整。Optionally, the domain of the motion correction amount is adjusted in real time according to the traveling speed of the current moment of the robot.
可选地,上一时刻的行进角度偏差的论域和位置偏差的论域分别为[-P,P]和[-E,E],当前时刻的行进角度偏差和位置偏差分别为θ和y,根据|y|与|E|的比值以及|θ|与|P|的比值确定第一论域伸缩因子α;将当前时刻的所述行进角度偏差的论域和所述位置偏差的论域分别调整为[-αP,αP]和[-αE,αE]。Optionally, the domain of the deviation of the angle of travel of the previous moment and the domain of the positional deviation are [-P, P] and [-E, E], respectively, and the deviation of the traveling angle and the positional deviation of the current time are θ and y, respectively. Determining, according to a ratio of |y| and |E| and a ratio of |θ| and |P|, a first domain scaling factor α; a domain of the deviation of the traveling angle at the current time and a domain of the positional deviation Adjusted to [-αP, αP] and [-αE, αE], respectively.
可选地,所述第一论域伸缩因子α=max{(|y|/|E|) τ,(|θ|/|P|) τ}+ε,其中τ为(0,1]之间的常数,ε为[0.08,0.12]之间的常数。 Optionally, the first domain scaling factor α=max{(|y|/|E|) τ , (|θ|/|P|) τ }+ε, where τ is (0, 1] The constant between ε is a constant between [0.08, 0.12].
可选地,根据所述机器人当前时刻的行进速度v确定第二论域伸缩因子β,其中,在v大于等于阈值的情况下确定的β,大于在v小于阈值的情况下确定的β;将当前时刻的所述运动修正量的论域从上一时刻的运动修正量的论域[-T,T]调整为[-βT,βT]。Optionally, determining a second universe scaling factor β according to a traveling speed v of the current moment of the robot, wherein β determined in a case where v is greater than or equal to a threshold is greater than β determined in a case where v is less than a threshold; The domain of the motion correction amount at the current time is adjusted from the field of motion correction amount [-T, T] of the previous moment to [-βT, βT].
可选地,所述第二论域伸缩因子:Optionally, the second domain scaling factor:
Figure PCTCN2018083351-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2018083351-appb-000001
其中β t为(0,1)之间的常数,v t为预设的爬行速度。 Where β t is a constant between (0, 1) and v t is a preset crawling speed.
可选地,预设的所述爬行速度v t为[32,48]mm/s之间的常数。 Optionally, the predetermined creep speed v t is a constant between [32, 48] mm/s.
可选地,模糊值为正方向大偏差、正方向中偏差、正方向小偏差、无偏差、反方向大偏差、反方向中偏差或、反方向小偏差中的至少一种。Alternatively, the blur value is at least one of a large deviation in the positive direction, a deviation in the positive direction, a small deviation in the positive direction, no deviation, a large deviation in the reverse direction, a deviation in the reverse direction, or a small deviation in the reverse direction.
根据本公开的另一些实施例,提供一种机器人的控制装置,包括:模糊化处理组件,用于分别在机器人当前时刻的行进角度偏差和位置偏差的论域内,对所述行进角度偏差和所述位置偏差进行模糊化处理,得到行进角度偏差的模糊值和位置偏差的模糊值;模糊推理组件,用于对所述行进角度偏差的模糊值和所述位置偏差的模糊值进行模糊推理,得到所述机器人的运动修正量的模糊值;解模糊处理组件,用于在所述运动修正量的论域内,对所述运动修正量的模糊值进行解模糊处理,得到所述运动修正量;其中,所述模糊化处理组件还用于根据当前时刻的所述行进角度偏差和所述位置偏差,对所述行进角度偏差的论域和所述位置偏差的论域进行实时调整。According to still other embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a control apparatus for a robot, comprising: a blurring processing component, for the deviation of the traveling angle and the position of the traveling angle deviation and the position deviation of the current moment of the robot respectively Obscuring the positional deviation to obtain a fuzzy value of the deviation of the traveling angle and a fuzzy value of the positional deviation; the fuzzy inference component is configured to perform fuzzy inference on the fuzzy value of the traveling angle deviation and the fuzzy value of the positional deviation, a fuzzy value of the motion correction amount of the robot; the defuzzification processing component is configured to perform a blurring process on the blur value of the motion correction amount in the domain of the motion correction amount to obtain the motion correction amount; And the fuzzification processing component is further configured to perform real-time adjustment on the domain of the traveling angle deviation and the domain of the position deviation according to the traveling angle deviation and the position deviation of the current time.
可选地,所述解模糊处理组件还用于根据所述机器人当前时刻的行进速度,对所述运动修正量的论域进行实时调整。Optionally, the deblurring processing component is further configured to perform real-time adjustment of the domain of the motion correction amount according to a traveling speed of the current moment of the robot.
可选地,所述模糊化处理组件被配置为执行如下步骤:上一时刻的行进角度偏差的论域和位置偏差的论域分别为[-P,P]和[-E,E],当前时刻的行进角度偏差和位置偏差分别为θ和y,根据|y|与|E|的比值以及|θ|与|P|的比值确定第一论域伸缩因子α;将 当前时刻的所述行进角度偏差的论域和所述位置偏差的论域分别调整为[-αP,αP]和[-αE,αE]。Optionally, the fuzzification processing component is configured to perform the following steps: the domain of the deviation of the traveling angle deviation and the domain of the position deviation at the previous moment are [-P, P] and [-E, E], respectively The traveling angle deviation and the positional deviation of the time are θ and y, respectively, and the first domain scaling factor α is determined according to the ratio of |y| and |E| and the ratio of |θ| and |P|; The domain of the angular deviation and the domain of the positional deviation are adjusted to [-αP, αP] and [-αE, αE], respectively.
可选地,所述第一论域伸缩因子α=max{(|y|/|E|) τ,(|θ|/|P|) τ}+ε,其中τ为(0,1]之间的常数,ε为[0.08,0.12]之间的常数。 Optionally, the first domain scaling factor α=max{(|y|/|E|) τ , (|θ|/|P|) τ }+ε, where τ is (0, 1] The constant between ε is a constant between [0.08, 0.12].
可选地,所述解模糊处理组件被配置为执行如下步骤:根据所述机器人当前时刻的行进速度v确定第二论域伸缩因子β,其中,在v大于等于阈值的情况下确定的β,大于在v小于阈值的情况下确定的β;将当前时刻的所述运动修正量的论域从上一时刻的运动修正量的论域[-T,T]调整为[-βT,βT]。Optionally, the deblurring processing component is configured to perform the step of: determining a second universe scaling factor β according to a traveling speed v of the current moment of the robot, wherein β determined in a case where v is greater than or equal to a threshold, It is larger than β determined when v is smaller than the threshold value; the domain of the motion correction amount at the current time is adjusted from the domain [-T, T] of the motion correction amount at the previous time to [-βT, βT].
可选地,所述第二论域伸缩因子:Optionally, the second domain scaling factor:
Figure PCTCN2018083351-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2018083351-appb-000002
其中β t为(0,1)之间的常数,v t为预设的爬行速度。 Where β t is a constant between (0, 1) and v t is a preset crawling speed.
可选地,预设的所述爬行速度v t为[32,48]mm/s之间的常数。 Optionally, the predetermined creep speed v t is a constant between [32, 48] mm/s.
可选地,所述模糊值为:正方向大偏差、正方向中偏差、正方向小偏差、无偏差、反方向大偏差、反方向中偏差、反方向小偏差中的至少一种。Optionally, the blur value is at least one of a large deviation in the positive direction, a deviation in the positive direction, a small deviation in the positive direction, no deviation, a large deviation in the reverse direction, a deviation in the reverse direction, and a small deviation in the reverse direction.
根据本公开的又一些实施例,提供一种机器人的控制装置,包括:存储器以及耦接至所述存储器的处理器,所述处理器被配置为基于存储在所述存储器设备中的指令,执行上述任一个实施例所述的机器人的控制方法中的一个或几个步骤。According to still further embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a control apparatus for a robot, comprising: a memory and a processor coupled to the memory, the processor being configured to execute based on an instruction stored in the memory device One or several steps in the control method of the robot described in any of the above embodiments.
根据本公开的再一些实施例,提供一种机器人的控制系统,包括:位置传感器,用于获取所述机器人的实时位置和行进方向;和处理器,用于执行上述任一个实施例所述的机器人的控制方法中的一个或几个步骤。According to still further embodiments of the present disclosure, a control system for a robot includes: a position sensor for acquiring a real-time position and a traveling direction of the robot; and a processor for performing the method described in any of the above embodiments One or several steps in the robot's control method.
根据本公开的再一些实施例,提供一种计算机可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序,该程序被处理器执行时实现上述任一个实施例所述的机器人的控制方法中的一个或几个步骤。According to still further embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, the program being executed by a processor to implement one or more of the control methods of the robot described in any of the above embodiments Steps.
在上述实施例中,根据模糊控制理论,仅需要进行比较简洁的解算过程即可实现对机器人的运动轨迹进行纠偏,提高了控制响应速度;根据机器人当前位置和速度,通过实时调整控制输入量和输出量的模糊集合论域,提高了机器人运动控制的自适应性。In the above embodiment, according to the fuzzy control theory, only a relatively simple solution process is needed to correct the motion trajectory of the robot, and the control response speed is improved; and the control input amount is adjusted in real time according to the current position and speed of the robot. And the fuzzy set theory domain of output, improve the adaptability of robot motion control.
通过以下参照附图对本公开的示例性实施例的详细描述,本公开的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。Other features of the present disclosure and its advantages will be apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments.
附图说明DRAWINGS
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本公开的进一步理解,构成本申请的一部分,本公开的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本公开,并不构成对本公开的不当限定。在附图中:The drawings described herein are provided to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure, which is a part of the present disclosure, and the description of the present disclosure and the description thereof are not intended to limit the disclosure. In the drawing:
图1示出根据本公开的一些实施例的机器人的控制方法的示例性流程图;FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary flowchart of a method of controlling a robot in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
图2示出根据本公开的一些实施例的机器人的控制方法的示意图;2 illustrates a schematic diagram of a method of controlling a robot in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
图3示出根据本公开的一些实施例的机器人的控制装置的示例性框图;FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of a control device of a robot, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;
图4示出根据本公开的另一些实施例的机器人的控制装置的示例性框图;FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of a control device of a robot according to further embodiments of the present disclosure;
图5示出根据本公开的又一些实施例的机器人的控制装置的示例性框图;FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of a control device of a robot in accordance with further embodiments of the present disclosure;
图6示出根据本公开的一些实施例的机器人的控制系统的示例性框图。FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of a control system of a robot, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
具体实施方式detailed description
现在将参照附图来详细描述本公开的各种示例性实施例。应注意到:除非另外具体说明,否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本公开的范围。Various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure.
同时,应当明白,为了便于描述,附图中所示出的各个部分的尺寸并不是按照实际的比例关系绘制的。In the meantime, it should be understood that the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in the actual scale relationship for the convenience of the description.
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的,决不作为对本公开及其应用或使用的任何限制。The following description of the at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论,但在适当情况下,所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为授权说明书的一部分。Techniques, methods and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques, methods and apparatus should be considered as part of the authorization specification.
在这里示出和讨论的所有示例中,任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的,而不是作为限制。因此,示例性实施例的其它示例可以具有不同的值。In all of the examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values are to be construed as illustrative only and not as a limitation. Accordingly, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.
应注意到:相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项,因此,一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义,则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters indicate similar items in the following figures, and therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it is not required to be further discussed in the subsequent figures.
图1示出根据本公开的一些实施例的机器人的控制方法的示例性流程图。FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary flow chart of a method of controlling a robot in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
如图1所示,该方法包括:步骤101,实时调整角度偏差和位置偏差的论域;步骤102,确定角度偏差和位置偏差的模糊值;步骤103,确定运动修正量的模糊值;和步骤104,确定运动修正量。As shown in FIG. 1, the method includes: step 101, adjusting a field of angular deviation and position deviation in real time; step 102, determining a fuzzy value of the angular deviation and the position deviation; and step 103, determining a fuzzy value of the motion correction amount; and the step 104. Determine a motion correction amount.
在步骤101中,根据当前时刻的行进角度偏差和位置偏差,对行进角度偏差的论 域和位置偏差的论域进行实时调整。在一些实施例中,可以根据图2中的示意图对机器人运动进行控制。In step 101, the domain of the deviation of the traveling angle and the field of the positional deviation are adjusted in real time based on the deviation of the traveling angle and the positional deviation at the current time. In some embodiments, robot motion can be controlled according to the schematic in FIG.
图2示出根据本公开的一些实施例的机器人的控制方法的示意图。2 shows a schematic diagram of a method of controlling a robot in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
如图2所示,以机器人20的理想前进方向为X轴,以机器人20在X轴垂直方向上的位置坐标为Y轴。当前时刻机器人20的实际位置为点M(x,y),而理想位置应该是坐标系原点O(0,0),机器人20的速度v与X轴的夹角为θ,其中当前时刻的理想位置可以由机器人20上的扫描设备扫描地面上铺设的标记来确定,标记可以是间距为1米的二维码。因此,在当前时刻机器人20的位移偏差为y,行进角度偏差为θ,可以设定角度偏差顺时针为正,逆时针为负。As shown in FIG. 2, the ideal traveling direction of the robot 20 is the X axis, and the position coordinate of the robot 20 in the vertical direction of the X axis is the Y axis. The actual position of the robot 20 at the moment is the point M(x, y), and the ideal position should be the coordinate system origin O(0, 0), and the angle v between the speed v of the robot 20 and the X axis is θ, where the ideal moment is The position can be determined by scanning the markings laid on the ground by a scanning device on the robot 20, which can be a two-dimensional code with a spacing of 1 meter. Therefore, at the current time, the displacement deviation of the robot 20 is y, and the deviation of the traveling angle is θ, and the angular deviation can be set clockwise to be positive and counterclockwise to be negative.
在一些实施例中,上一时刻的行进角度偏差的论域和位置偏差的论域分别为[-P,P]和[-E,E],当前时刻的行进角度偏差和位置偏差分别为θ和y。可以根据|y|与|E|的比值以及|θ|与|P|的比值确定第一论域伸缩因子α。In some embodiments, the domain of the deviation of the angle of travel of the previous moment and the domain of the positional deviation are [-P, P] and [-E, E], respectively, and the deviation of the traveling angle and the positional deviation at the current time are respectively θ. And y. The first domain scaling factor α can be determined from the ratio of |y| to |E| and the ratio of |θ| to |P|.
例如,可以根据当前时刻的行进角度偏差θ和位置偏差y确定第一论域伸缩因子为α=max{(|y|/|E|) τ,(|θ|/|P|) τ}+ε,其中τ为(0,1]之间的常数。这里的ε是为了保证调整后的论域不会无限接近于0,可以设置为[0.08,0.12]之间的常数,也可以根据实际情况设置为如0.15、0.2等比较小的不为0的正常数。 For example, the first domain scaling factor may be determined according to the traveling angle deviation θ and the position deviation y of the current time as α=max{(|y|/|E|) τ , (|θ|/|P|) τ }+ ε, where τ is a constant between (0, 1). Here ε is to ensure that the adjusted domain does not infinitely close to 0, can be set to a constant between [0.08, 0.12], or according to the actual The situation is set to a relatively small number such as 0.15, 0.2, etc. that is not zero.
分别将上一时刻的行进角度偏差和位置偏差的论域[-P,P]和[-E,E]调整为[-αP,αP]和[-αE,αE]。例如,在机器人的空载速度为2m/s的情况下,为了保证机器人不脱轨,可以设置行进角度偏差的初始论域为[-1°,1°],位置偏差的初始论域为[-20mm,20mm],在机器人开始运动的第一个时刻,可以根据第一时刻计算得出的伸缩因子对上述初始论域进行调整。The domains of the travel angle deviation and positional deviation at the previous moment [-P, P] and [-E, E] are respectively adjusted to [-αP, αP] and [-αE, αE]. For example, in the case of a robot with a no-load speed of 2 m/s, in order to ensure that the robot does not derail, the initial domain of the deviation of the travel angle can be set to [-1°, 1°], and the initial domain of positional deviation is [- 20mm, 20mm], at the first moment when the robot starts moving, the initial domain can be adjusted according to the scaling factor calculated at the first moment.
在步骤102中,分别在机器人当前时刻的行进角度偏差和位置偏差的论域内,对行进角度偏差和位置偏差进行模糊化处理,得到行进角度偏差的模糊值和位置偏差的模糊值。In step 102, the travel angle deviation and the position deviation are blurred in the field of the travel angle deviation and the position deviation of the current time of the robot, respectively, and the blur value of the travel angle deviation and the blur value of the position deviation are obtained.
在一些实施例中,可以设定模糊值为正方向大偏差PB、正方向中偏差PM、正方向小偏差PS、无偏差ZE、反方向大偏差NB、反方向中偏差NM或反方向小偏差NS。可以根据实际情况为每个模糊值设定隶属函数,隶属函数优选三角形隶属函数,也可以采用梯形隶属函数。将θ和y分别带入上述各个隶属函数中,计算出对应每一个模糊值的隶属度,然后通过对比θ和y对于各模糊值的隶属度的大小来确定θ和y应该模糊化为哪个模糊值。In some embodiments, the fuzzy value may be set to a positive direction large deviation PB, a positive direction deviation PM, a positive direction small deviation PS, an unbiased ZE, a reverse large deviation NB, a reverse direction deviation NM, or a reverse small deviation NS. The membership function can be set for each fuzzy value according to the actual situation. The membership function is preferably a triangle membership function, and a trapezoid membership function can also be used. Taking θ and y into each of the above membership functions, respectively, calculating the membership degree corresponding to each fuzzy value, and then determining which fuzzy θ and y should be blurred by comparing the degree of membership of θ and y for each fuzzy value. value.
在步骤103中,对行进角度偏差的模糊值和位置偏差的模糊值进行模糊推理,得到机器人的运动修正量的模糊值。In step 103, fuzzy inference is performed on the blur value of the travel angle deviation and the blur value of the position deviation to obtain a blur value of the motion correction amount of the robot.
在一些实施例中,如图2所示,机器人20具有两个驱动轮21和22,可以设定驱动轮21和驱动轮22的运动修正量互为相反数,例如,驱动轮21的运动修正量为z,驱动轮22的运动修正量为-z。纠偏时按照各自的修正量对两个驱动轮21和22同时进行控制。驱动轮21的运动修正量z与θ和y的模糊推理对应关系可以如下表所示:In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2, the robot 20 has two drive wheels 21 and 22, and the motion correction amounts of the drive wheel 21 and the drive wheel 22 can be set to be opposite to each other, for example, the motion correction of the drive wheel 21. The amount is z, and the motion correction amount of the drive wheel 22 is -z. When the correction is performed, the two drive wheels 21 and 22 are simultaneously controlled in accordance with the respective correction amounts. The correspondence between the motion correction amount z of the drive wheel 21 and the fuzzy inference of θ and y can be as shown in the following table:
驱动轮21的模糊推理表Fuzzy reasoning table of driving wheel 21
Figure PCTCN2018083351-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2018083351-appb-000003
模糊推理对应关系可以根据实际情况进行调整。The fuzzy reasoning correspondence can be adjusted according to the actual situation.
在步骤104中,在运动修正量的论域内,对运动修正量的模糊值进行解模糊处理,得到运动修正量。In step 104, in the domain of the motion correction amount, the blur value of the motion correction amount is subjected to deblurring processing to obtain a motion correction amount.
在一些实施例中,根据所述机器人当前时刻的行进速度v,对运动修正量的论域进行实时调整。例如,可以根据机器人当前时刻的行进速度v确定第二论域伸缩因子β,并能够保证在v大于等于阈值的情况下确定的β,大于在v小于阈值的情况下确定的β。In some embodiments, the domain of the motion correction amount is adjusted in real time based on the travel speed v of the current time of the robot. For example, the second universe scaling factor β may be determined according to the traveling speed v of the current moment of the robot, and it is ensured that β determined in the case where v is greater than or equal to the threshold is greater than β determined in the case where v is less than the threshold.
例如,根据机器人当前时刻的行进速度v确定第二论域伸缩因子为For example, determining the second domain scaling factor according to the traveling speed v of the current moment of the robot is
Figure PCTCN2018083351-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2018083351-appb-000004
其中β t为(0,1)之间的常数,v t为预设的爬行速度;将当前时刻的运动修正量的论域从上一时刻的运动修正量的论域[-T,T]调整为[-βT,βT]。爬行速度v t是预设的在机器人接近目标位置时较慢的机器人行进速度,以避免机器人来不及刹车或调整而超过目标位置的情况发生。例如,根据机器人的类型和当时的路况,爬行速度可以为[32,48]mm/s之间的常数。例如,在二维码间距为1米,机器人的空载速度为2m/s的情况下,可以设定运动修正量的初始论域为[-30mm/s,30mm/s],在机器人运行的第一个时刻可以通过伸缩因子为β对初始论域进行调整。 Where β t is a constant between (0, 1), v t is the preset crawling speed; the domain of the motion correction amount of the current time is from the field of motion correction of the previous moment [-T, T] Adjust to [-βT, βT]. The crawling speed v t is a preset slower robot traveling speed when the robot approaches the target position, so as to prevent the robot from coming over the brake or adjusting to exceed the target position. For example, depending on the type of robot and the current road conditions, the creep speed can be a constant between [32, 48] mm/s. For example, in the case where the two-dimensional code spacing is 1 m and the robot's no-load speed is 2 m/s, the initial domain of the motion correction amount can be set to [-30 mm/s, 30 mm/s], which is operated by the robot. At the first moment, the initial domain can be adjusted by scaling factor β.
上述实施例中,通过模糊控制提高了对机器人控制的响应速度;通过实时调整模 糊控制输入和输出量的模糊集合论域,提高了对机器人运行轨迹的纠偏自适应能力;采用同一控制量的相反数,对机器人两个驱动轮同时进行控制,克服了由于对每个驱动轮分别进行控制而产生的不协调导致的控制误差问题。In the above embodiment, the response speed to the robot control is improved by the fuzzy control; the fuzzy set theory field of the fuzzy control input and the output quantity is adjusted in real time, and the correcting ability for the robot trajectory is improved; the opposite of the same control amount is adopted. The number of the two driving wheels of the robot is controlled at the same time, which overcomes the control error caused by the uncoordinated control of each driving wheel.
图3示出根据本公开的一些实施例的机器人的控制装置的示例性框图。FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of a control device of a robot, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
如图3所示,该装置包括:模糊化处理组件31、模糊推理组件32和解模糊处理组件33。As shown in FIG. 3, the apparatus includes: a fuzzification processing component 31, a fuzzy inference component 32, and a defuzzification processing component 33.
模糊化处理组件31分别在机器人当前时刻的行进角度偏差和位置偏差的论域内,对行进角度偏差和位置偏差进行模糊化处理,得到行进角度偏差的模糊值和位置偏差的模糊值。模糊化处理组件31还可以根据当前时刻的行进角度偏差和位置偏差,对行进角度偏差的论域和位置偏差的论域进行实时调整。The blurring processing unit 31 blurs the traveling angle deviation and the position deviation in the field of the traveling angle deviation and the position deviation of the current time of the robot, respectively, and obtains the blur value of the traveling angle deviation and the blur value of the position deviation. The fuzzification processing component 31 can also adjust the domain of the deviation of the traveling angle deviation and the position deviation in real time according to the deviation of the traveling angle and the position deviation at the current time.
例如,模糊化处理组件31可以通过机器人上安装的位置传感器来获取机器人的实时位置信息。位置传感器可以是电机光码盘,模糊化处理组件31通过机器人两个驱动轮的电机光码盘来计算机器人的实时位置和行进方向,从而确定行进角度偏差和位置偏差。For example, the fuzzification processing component 31 can acquire real-time position information of the robot through a position sensor mounted on the robot. The position sensor may be a motor optical code disc, and the blurring processing component 31 calculates the real-time position and the traveling direction of the robot by the motor optical code discs of the two driving wheels of the robot, thereby determining the traveling angle deviation and the position deviation.
在一些实施例中,模糊化处理组件31被配置为执行如下步骤:上一时刻的行进角度偏差的论域和位置偏差的论域分别为[-P,P]和[-E,E],当前时刻的行进角度偏差和位置偏差分别为θ和y,根据|y|与|E|的比值以及|θ|与|P|的比值确定第一论域伸缩因子α;将当前时刻的行进角度偏差的论域和位置偏差的论域分别调整为[-αP,αP]和[-αE,αE]。In some embodiments, the fuzzification processing component 31 is configured to perform the steps of: the domain of the deviation of the angle of travel of the previous moment and the domain of the positional deviation are [-P, P] and [-E, E], respectively. The traveling angle deviation and the position deviation of the current time are θ and y, respectively, and the first domain expansion factor α is determined according to the ratio of |y| and |E| and the ratio of |θ| and |P|; The domain of the deviation and the field of positional deviation are adjusted to [-αP, αP] and [-αE, αE], respectively.
例如,模糊化处理组件31根据当前时刻的行进角度偏差θ和位置偏差y确定第一论域伸缩因子为α=max{(|y|/|E|) τ,(|θ|/|P|) τ}+ε,其中τ为(0,1]之间的常数,ε为[0.08,0.12]之间的常数。 For example, the blurring processing component 31 determines that the first domain expansion factor is α=max{(|y|/|E|) τ , (|θ|/|P| according to the traveling angle deviation θ and the position deviation y of the current time. ) τ } + ε, where τ is a constant between (0, 1) and ε is a constant between [0.08, 0.12].
模糊推理组件32对行进角度偏差的模糊值和位置偏差的模糊值进行模糊推理,得到机器人的运动修正量的模糊值。The fuzzy inference component 32 performs fuzzy inference on the blur value of the travel angle deviation and the blur value of the position deviation to obtain a blur value of the motion correction amount of the robot.
解模糊处理组件33在运动修正量的论域内,对运动修正量的模糊值进行解模糊处理,得到运动修正量。The deblurring processing component 33 deblurs the blurring value of the motion correction amount in the domain of the motion correction amount to obtain a motion correction amount.
例如,如图2所示,机器人20具有由两个电机分别驱动的两个驱动轮21和22。可以采用差速驱动方式对驱动轮21和22进行驱动,即两个电机同向同速旋转时,机器人直线前进和后退,两个电机反向同速旋转时,机器人原地转向。在这种驱动方式下,驱动轮21和22的运动修正量互为相反数。For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the robot 20 has two drive wheels 21 and 22 that are respectively driven by two motors. The driving wheels 21 and 22 can be driven by differential driving, that is, when the two motors rotate at the same speed in the same direction, the robot advances and retreats in a straight line, and when the two motors rotate in the same direction at the same speed, the robot turns in place. In this driving mode, the motion correction amounts of the drive wheels 21 and 22 are opposite to each other.
在一些实施例中,解模糊处理组件33根据机器人当前时刻的行进速度,对运动修正量的论域进行实时调整。例如,解模糊处理组件33被配置为执行如下步骤:根据机器人当前时刻的行进速度v确定第二论域伸缩因子β,并能够保证在v大于等于阈值的情况下确定的β,大于在v小于阈值的情况下确定的β;将当前时刻的运动修正量的论域从上一时刻的运动修正量的论域[-T,T]调整为[-βT,βT]。In some embodiments, the deblurring processing component 33 adjusts the universe of motion corrections in real time based on the speed of travel of the robot at the current time. For example, the deblurring processing component 33 is configured to perform the steps of: determining the second universe scaling factor β according to the traveling speed v of the current moment of the robot, and being able to ensure that β determined in the case where v is greater than or equal to the threshold, is greater than less than v. β determined in the case of the threshold; the domain of the motion correction amount at the current time is adjusted from the field of motion correction [-T, T] of the previous moment to [-βT, βT].
例如,解模糊处理组件33根据机器人当前时刻的行进速度v确定第二论域伸缩因子为For example, the deblurring processing component 33 determines that the second domain scaling factor is based on the traveling speed v of the current moment of the robot.
Figure PCTCN2018083351-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2018083351-appb-000005
β t为(0,1)之间的常数,v t为预设的爬行速度,并将当前时刻的运动修正量的论域从上一时刻的运动修正量的论域[-T,T]调整为[-βT,βT]。 β t is a constant between (0, 1), v t is the preset crawling speed, and the domain of the motion correction amount at the current time is from the field of motion correction of the previous moment [-T, T] Adjust to [-βT, βT].
上述实施例中,模糊化处理组件和解模糊处理组件可以根据实际情况实时调整模糊集合论域,能够在负载变化、路面条件变化等不同的工况环境下对机器人进行纠偏,从而增强了自适应能力,提高了控制量的精确程度,降低了控制响应时间。In the above embodiment, the fuzzification processing component and the defuzzification processing component can adjust the fuzzy set theory domain in real time according to actual conditions, and can correct the robot under different working conditions such as load change and road surface condition change, thereby enhancing the adaptive capability. Increases the accuracy of the control and reduces the control response time.
图4示出根据本公开的另一些实施例的机器人的控制装置的示例性框图。FIG. 4 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of a control device of a robot in accordance with further embodiments of the present disclosure.
如图4所示,该实施例的装置40包括:存储器41以及耦接至该存储器41的处理器42,处理器42被配置为基于存储在存储器41中的指令,执行本公开中任意一个实施例中的机器人的控制方法中的一个或多个步骤。As shown in FIG. 4, the apparatus 40 of this embodiment includes a memory 41 and a processor 42 coupled to the memory 41, the processor 42 being configured to perform any of the implementations of the present disclosure based on instructions stored in the memory 41. One or more steps in the control method of the robot in the example.
其中,存储器41例如可以包括系统存储器、固定非易失性存储介质等。系统存储器例如存储有操作系统、应用程序、引导装载程序(Boot Loader)、数据库以及其他程序等。The memory 41 may include, for example, a system memory, a fixed non-volatile storage medium, or the like. The system memory stores, for example, an operating system, an application, a boot loader, a database, and other programs.
图5示出根据本公开的又一些实施例的机器人的控制装置的示例性框图。FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of a control device of a robot in accordance with further embodiments of the present disclosure.
如图5所示,在控制装置50中,处理器520通过BUS总线530耦接至存储器510。显示装置50还可以通过存储接口560连接至外部存储装置550以便调用外部数据,还可以通过网络接口560连接至网络或者另外一台计算机系统(未标出)。此处不再进行详细介绍。As shown in FIG. 5, in the control device 50, the processor 520 is coupled to the memory 510 via the BUS bus 530. Display device 50 may also be coupled to external storage device 550 via storage interface 560 for invoking external data, and may also be coupled to a network or another computer system (not shown) via network interface 560. It will not be described in detail here.
在一些实施例中,通过存储器510存储数据指令,再通过处理器520处理上述指令,能够实现前述任一个实施例的控制方法中的一个或几个步骤。In some embodiments, one or more of the control methods of any of the foregoing embodiments can be implemented by storing data instructions through memory 510 and processing the instructions by processor 520.
图6示出根据本公开的一些实施例的机器人的控制系统的示例性框图。FIG. 6 illustrates an exemplary block diagram of a control system of a robot, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure.
如图6所示,控制系统6中包括:位置传感器61和处理器62。位置传感器61用于获取机器人的实时位置和行进方向。处理器62用于执行上述任一个实施例中的机 器人的控制方法中的一个或几个步骤。As shown in FIG. 6, the control system 6 includes a position sensor 61 and a processor 62. The position sensor 61 is used to acquire the real-time position and traveling direction of the robot. The processor 62 is operative to perform one or more of the robotic control methods of any of the above embodiments.
在一些实施例中,提供一种计算机可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序,该程序被处理器执行时实现上述任一个实施例中的机器人的控制方法中的一个或多个步骤。例如,该计算机可读存储介质为非瞬时性计算机可读存储介质。In some embodiments, a computer readable storage medium is provided having stored thereon a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements one or more of the steps of controlling a robot in any of the above embodiments. For example, the computer readable storage medium is a non-transitory computer readable storage medium.
至此,已经详细描述了根据本公开的机器人的控制方法、机器人的控制装置、机器人的控制系统和计算机可读存储介质。为了避免遮蔽本公开的构思,没有描述本领域所公知的一些细节。本领域技术人员根据上面的描述,完全可以明白如何实施这里公开的技术方案。Heretofore, the control method of the robot, the control device of the robot, the control system of the robot, and the computer readable storage medium according to the present disclosure have been described in detail. In order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the present disclosure, some details known in the art are not described. Those skilled in the art can fully understand how to implement the technical solutions disclosed herein according to the above description.
可能以许多方式来实现本公开的方法和系统。例如,可通过软件、硬件、固件或者软件、硬件、固件的任何组合来实现本公开的方法和系统。用于所述方法的步骤的上述顺序仅是为了进行说明,本公开的方法的步骤不限于以上具体描述的顺序,除非以其它方式特别说明。此外,在一些实施例中,还可将本公开实施为记录在记录介质中的程序,这些程序包括用于实现根据本公开的方法的机器可读指令。因而,本公开还覆盖存储用于执行根据本公开的方法的程序的记录介质。The methods and systems of the present disclosure may be implemented in a number of ways. For example, the methods and systems of the present disclosure may be implemented in software, hardware, firmware, or any combination of software, hardware, or firmware. The above-described sequence of steps for the method is for illustrative purposes only, and the steps of the method of the present disclosure are not limited to the order specifically described above unless otherwise specifically stated. Moreover, in some embodiments, the present disclosure may also be embodied as programs recorded in a recording medium, the programs including machine readable instructions for implementing a method in accordance with the present disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure also covers a recording medium storing a program for executing the method according to the present disclosure.
虽然已经通过示例对本公开的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明,但是本领域的技术人员应该理解,以上示例仅是为了进行说明,而不是为了限制本公开的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解,可在不脱离本公开的范围和精神的情况下,对以上实施例进行修改。本公开的范围由所附权利要求来限定。While some specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail by way of example, it should be understood that It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments may be modified without departing from the scope and spirit of the disclosure. The scope of the disclosure is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (19)

  1. 一种机器人的控制方法,包括:A robot control method includes:
    分别在机器人当前时刻的行进角度偏差和位置偏差的论域内,对所述行进角度偏差和所述位置偏差进行模糊化处理,得到行进角度偏差的模糊值和位置偏差的模糊值;Deviating the travel angle deviation and the position deviation in a field of the travel angle deviation and the position deviation of the current moment of the robot, respectively, to obtain a blur value of the travel angle deviation and a blur value of the position deviation;
    对所述行进角度偏差的模糊值和所述位置偏差的模糊值进行模糊推理,得到所述机器人的运动修正量的模糊值;Performing fuzzy inference on the fuzzy value of the traveling angle deviation and the fuzzy value of the position deviation to obtain a fuzzy value of the motion correction amount of the robot;
    在所述运动修正量的论域内,对所述运动修正量的模糊值进行解模糊处理,得到所述运动修正量;And in the domain of the motion correction amount, performing a blurring process on the blur value of the motion correction amount to obtain the motion correction amount;
    其中,所述控制方法还包括:根据当前时刻的所述行进角度偏差和所述位置偏差,对所述行进角度偏差的论域和所述位置偏差的论域进行实时调整。The control method further includes: adjusting the domain of the traveling angle deviation and the domain of the position deviation in real time according to the traveling angle deviation and the position deviation of the current time.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的控制方法,还包括:The control method according to claim 1, further comprising:
    根据所述机器人当前时刻的行进速度,对所述运动修正量的论域进行实时调整。The domain of the motion correction amount is adjusted in real time according to the traveling speed of the robot at the current time.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的控制方法,其中所述实时调整包括:The control method according to claim 1, wherein said real time adjustment comprises:
    上一时刻的行进角度偏差的论域和位置偏差的论域分别为[-P,P]和[-E,E],当前时刻的行进角度偏差和位置偏差分别为θ和y,根据|y|与|E|的比值以及|θ|与|P|的比值确定第一论域伸缩因子α;The domain of the deviation and the positional deviation of the travel angle deviation at the previous moment are [-P, P] and [-E, E], respectively, and the travel angle deviation and position deviation at the current time are θ and y, respectively, according to |y The ratio of |E| and the ratio of |θ| to |P| determine the first domain scaling factor α;
    将当前时刻的所述行进角度偏差的论域和所述位置偏差的论域分别调整为[-αP,αP]和[-αE,αE]。The domain of the traveling angle deviation at the current time and the domain of the positional deviation are respectively adjusted to [-αP, αP] and [-αE, αE].
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的控制方法,其中所述确定第一论域伸缩因子α包括:The control method according to claim 3, wherein said determining the first domain expansion factor α comprises:
    所述第一论域伸缩因子α=max{(|y|/|E|) τ,(|θ|/|P|) τ}+ε,其中τ为(0,1]之间的常数,ε为[0.08,0.12]之间的常数。 The first domain scaling factor α=max{(|y|/|E|) τ , (|θ|/|P|) τ }+ε, where τ is a constant between (0, 1), ε is a constant between [0.08, 0.12].
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的控制方法,其中所述对所述运动修正量的论域进行实时调整包括:The control method according to claim 2, wherein said real-time adjustment of said domain of said motion correction amount comprises:
    根据所述机器人当前时刻的行进速度v确定第二论域伸缩因子β,Determining a second universe scaling factor β according to a traveling speed v of the current moment of the robot,
    其中,在v大于等于阈值的情况下确定的β,大于在v小于阈值的情况下确定的β;Wherein, β determined in the case where v is greater than or equal to the threshold is greater than β determined in the case where v is less than the threshold;
    将当前时刻的所述运动修正量的论域从上一时刻的运动修正量的论域[-T,T]调整为[-βT,βT]。The domain of the motion correction amount at the current time is adjusted from the field of motion correction amount [-T, T] of the previous time to [-βT, βT].
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的控制方法,其中所述确定第二论域伸缩因子β包括:The control method according to claim 5, wherein said determining the second domain expansion factor β comprises:
    所述第二论域伸缩因子
    Figure PCTCN2018083351-appb-100001
    Second domain expansion factor
    Figure PCTCN2018083351-appb-100001
    其中β t为(0,1)之间的常数,v t为预设的爬行速度。 Where β t is a constant between (0, 1) and v t is a preset crawling speed.
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的控制方法,其中预设的所述爬行速度v t为[32,48]mm/s之间的常数。 The control method according to claim 6, wherein the predetermined creep speed v t is a constant between [32, 48] mm/s.
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的控制方法,其中所述模糊值为:正方向大偏差、正方向中偏差、正方向小偏差、无偏差、反方向大偏差、反方向中偏差、反方向小偏差中的至少一种。The control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the blur value is: a large deviation in a positive direction, a deviation in a positive direction, a small deviation in a positive direction, no deviation, a large deviation in a reverse direction, a deviation in a reverse direction, At least one of the small deviations in the opposite direction.
  9. 一种机器人的控制装置,包括:A robot control device comprising:
    模糊化处理组件,用于分别在机器人当前时刻的行进角度偏差和位置偏差的论域内,对所述行进角度偏差和所述位置偏差进行模糊化处理,得到行进角度偏差的模糊值和位置偏差的模糊值;a fuzzification processing component, configured to blur the traveling angle deviation and the position deviation in a field of the traveling angle deviation and the position deviation of the current moment of the robot, respectively, to obtain a fuzzy value and a position deviation of the traveling angle deviation Fuzzy value
    模糊推理组件,用于对所述行进角度偏差的模糊值和所述位置偏差的模糊值进行模糊推理,得到所述机器人的运动修正量的模糊值;a fuzzy inference component, configured to perform fuzzy inference on the fuzzy value of the traveling angle deviation and the fuzzy value of the position deviation to obtain a fuzzy value of the motion correction amount of the robot;
    解模糊处理组件,用于在所述运动修正量的论域内,对所述运动修正量的模糊值进行解模糊处理,得到所述运动修正量;a deblurring processing component, configured to perform a blurring process on the fuzzy value of the motion correction amount in the domain of the motion correction amount to obtain the motion correction amount;
    其中,所述模糊化处理组件还用于根据当前时刻的所述行进角度偏差和所述位置偏差,对所述行进角度偏差的论域和所述位置偏差的论域进行实时调整。The fuzzification processing component is further configured to adjust the domain of the traveling angle deviation and the domain of the position deviation in real time according to the traveling angle deviation and the position deviation of the current time.
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的控制装置,其中,The control device according to claim 9, wherein
    所述解模糊处理组件还用于根据所述机器人当前时刻的行进速度,对所述运动修正量的论域进行实时调整。The deblurring processing component is further configured to perform real-time adjustment of the domain of the motion correction amount according to a traveling speed of the current moment of the robot.
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的控制装置,其中,所述模糊化处理组件被配置为执行如下步骤:The control device of claim 9, wherein the fuzzification processing component is configured to perform the following steps:
    上一时刻的行进角度偏差的论域和位置偏差的论域分别为[-P,P]和[-E,E],当前时刻的行进角度偏差和位置偏差分别为θ和y,根据|y|与|E|的比值以及|θ|与|P|的比值确定第一论域伸缩因子α;The domain of the deviation and the positional deviation of the travel angle deviation at the previous moment are [-P, P] and [-E, E], respectively, and the travel angle deviation and position deviation at the current time are θ and y, respectively, according to |y The ratio of |E| and the ratio of |θ| to |P| determine the first domain scaling factor α;
    将当前时刻的所述行进角度偏差的论域和所述位置偏差的论域分别调整为[-αP,αP]和[-αE,αE]。The domain of the traveling angle deviation at the current time and the domain of the positional deviation are respectively adjusted to [-αP, αP] and [-αE, αE].
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的控制装置,其中,The control device according to claim 11, wherein
    所述第一论域伸缩因子α=max{(|y|/|E|) τ,(|θ|/|P|) τ}+ε,其中τ为(0,1]之间的常数,ε为[0.08,0.12]之间的常数。 The first domain scaling factor α=max{(|y|/|E|) τ , (|θ|/|P|) τ }+ε, where τ is a constant between (0, 1), ε is a constant between [0.08, 0.12].
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的控制装置,其中所述解模糊处理组件被配置为执行如下步骤:The control device according to claim 10, wherein said deblurring processing component is configured to perform the following steps:
    根据所述机器人当前时刻的行进速度v确定第二论域伸缩因子β,Determining a second universe scaling factor β according to a traveling speed v of the current moment of the robot,
    其中,在v大于等于阈值的情况下确定的β,大于在v小于阈值的情况下确定的β;Wherein, β determined in the case where v is greater than or equal to the threshold is greater than β determined in the case where v is less than the threshold;
    将当前时刻的所述运动修正量的论域从上一时刻的运动修正量的论域[-T,T]调整为[-βT,βT]。The domain of the motion correction amount at the current time is adjusted from the field of motion correction amount [-T, T] of the previous time to [-βT, βT].
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的控制装置,其中,The control device according to claim 13, wherein
    所述第二论域伸缩因子
    Figure PCTCN2018083351-appb-100002
    Second domain expansion factor
    Figure PCTCN2018083351-appb-100002
    其中β t为(0,1)之间的常数,v t为预设的爬行速度。 Where β t is a constant between (0, 1) and v t is a preset crawling speed.
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的控制装置,其中预设的所述爬行速度v t为[32,48]mm/s之间的常数。 The control device according to claim 14, wherein the predetermined creep speed v t is a constant between [32, 48] mm/s.
  16. 根据权利要求9-15任一项所述的控制装置,其中所述模糊值为:正方向大偏差、正方向中偏差、正方向小偏差、无偏差、反方向大偏差、反方向中偏差、反方向小偏差中的至少一种。The control device according to any one of claims 9 to 15, wherein the blur value is: a large deviation in a positive direction, a deviation in a positive direction, a small deviation in a positive direction, no deviation, a large deviation in a reverse direction, a deviation in a reverse direction, At least one of the small deviations in the opposite direction.
  17. 一种机器人的控制装置,包括:A robot control device comprising:
    存储器;以及Memory;
    耦接至所述存储器的处理器,所述处理器被配置为基于存储在所述存储器设备中的指令,执行如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的机器人的控制方法中的一个或几个步骤。a processor coupled to the memory, the processor configured to perform one of the control methods of the robot of any one of claims 1-8 based on an instruction stored in the memory device A few steps.
  18. 一种机器人的控制系统,包括:A robot control system comprising:
    位置传感器,用于获取所述机器人的实时位置和行进方向;和a position sensor for acquiring a real-time position and a traveling direction of the robot; and
    处理器,用于执行如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的机器人的控制方法中的一个或几个步骤。A processor for performing one or more of the steps of controlling a robot according to any one of claims 1-8.
  19. 一种计算机可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序,该程序被处理器执行时实现如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的机器人的控制方法中的一个或几个步骤。A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements one or more of the methods of controlling a robot of any of claims 1-8.
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