Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A41—WEARING APPAREL
  • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
  • A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
  • A41D13/05—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches protecting only a particular body part
  • A41D13/11—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres
  • A41D13/1107—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres characterised by their shape
  • A41D13/1138—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres characterised by their shape with a cup configuration
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A41—WEARING APPAREL
  • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
  • A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
  • A41D13/05—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches protecting only a particular body part
  • A41D13/11—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres
  • A41D13/1107—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres characterised by their shape
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A41—WEARING APPAREL
  • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
  • A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
  • A41D13/05—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches protecting only a particular body part
  • A41D13/11—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A41—WEARING APPAREL
  • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
  • A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
  • A41D13/05—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches protecting only a particular body part
  • A41D13/11—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres
  • A41D13/1161—Means for fastening to the user's head
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A41—WEARING APPAREL
  • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
  • A41D2400/00—Functions or special features of garments
  • A41D2400/38—Shaping the contour of the body or adjusting the figure

Definitions

• the claimed group of inventions relates to personal protective equipment, namely, masks intended for use, mainly in the field of medicine.
• the present invention presented in three variants, is:
• each version of the mask is a hollow frame.
• a protective face mask for breathing through the mouth and nose, consisting of two side frames in the form of boxes with through holes integrated in a single rigid structure and a shield located between them - in front of the nasal-oral region.
• the mask is functionally divided into front, right, left sectors, where the right and left are side containers containing filter elements. All exhaled air is discharged (like a respirator) through the valves, and the inhaled air is filtered.
• the partition located between the containers partly serves as a barrier (shield) to protect the face from moisture from the outside.
• the outer part of the frame is made of airtight material (medical plastic).
• the inner (adjacent to the front surface) part is made of soft, elastic tissue, due to which the mask does not compress blood vessels and nerve fibers on the front surface;
• the prototype frame distinguishes from the claimed variants of the inventions a number of fundamental features:
• the masking space of the mask forms a single, nasal-oral cavity.
• All variants of masks are united by a single inventive concept, namely, they contain a hollow frame forming a mask space for the lower part of the face, made in the form of a channel in which the outer side is airtight and the inner (adjacent to the face surface) is made of breathable fabric.
• the frame channel on each side contains an inlet and an outlet for air flows generated during inhalation / exhalation.
• the side adjacent to the surface of the face has a notch around the mouth.
• each version of the mask is made in the form of a hollow frame.
• a separate zone for breathing through the nose is formed: open, half-open or closed.
• All mask options are mounted in the head area in one of the standard ways: using ribbons, elastic bands, etc.
• the frame of the mask fits the head in such a way that the exhaled air is almost completely taken back - to the side safe for others.
• the mask is universal, i.e. It is intended for use not only in medical institutions, but also by the civilian population. It can be applied in the form of a basic (simplest) option or can be a combination of a wireframe mask and additional elements.
• the mask frame in contrast to the prototype, covers the lower part of the face, providing complete protection only to the mouth area - the main source of airborne infection and the gateway for infection to enter from the outside.
• breathing through the nose was left completely free, which is especially important for healthy consumers with intact nasal mucosa.
• the mask frame compared with the prototype, is extremely shortened on the sides.
• the hollow frame of the mask consists of two parts, forming its outer side and the inner - directly adjacent to the front surface.
• the outer part of the frame is airtight and is made, as a rule, of transparent medical plastic, which improves the communication capabilities of consumers. If the transparency of the mask is not relevant, then its outer part, for example, can be made of thick fabric or paper.
• the inner part of the frame i.e. the side adjacent to the front surface is made of breathable and, as a rule, elastic, hygroscopic fabric. For example, from spunbond or medical gauze. In order to generally reduce breathing resistance, a cutout around the mouth area may be located on the side adjacent to the front surface.
• the mask may have special devices for folding it: from bulk to flat.
• the outer part of the frame may have pleats in the form of corrugations or pleats. In this design, the mask is put on folded and straightened due to forced expiration.
• the mask in the basic version (without additional elements) is mainly intended for the civilian population, for example, to prevent the spread of the influenza epidemic in public places.
• the frame of the mask for the lower face 1 includes the outer airtight side of the frame 2 (shown transparent), made of, for example, plastic, through which the inner breathable side of the frame 3 is translucent, made, for example, of a fabric material adjacent to the front surface with a cutout 4 around mouth area.
• the frame forms lateral air holes (inlet / outlet) 5 for the passage of air flow.
• the nose area is completely open, i.e. breathing in and out through the nose is free.
• the air outside through the lateral air holes 5 penetrates into the cavity of the frame and then passes through the cutout 4 in the side adjacent to the front surface 3. In the absence of a cutout, it passes through a breathable fabric.
• Breathable material 6 extends beyond the frame and contains an additional device 7 for partially retaining moisture exhaled air.
• the device 7 can be made in the form of, for example, folds or strips of fabric and, if necessary, be impregnated with a special antiseptic. There may be several similar devices 7 on each side of the mask.
• Entrance and exit for the passage of air flow ie the lateral air duct hole 5 of the frame on its outer (breathable) part contains an additional element 8 in the form of a spoiler directing the exhaled air to the material 6 adjacent to the front surface, which extends beyond the frame and containing an additional device 7 for partially retaining moisture of the exhaled air.
• the spoiler can be a continuation of the outer side 2 of the frame or can be a separate part attached, for example, with glue, adhesive tape, etc.
• the spoiler can be made, for example, of a material having specialized properties: bactericidal, adhesive, etc.
• the breathable material of the mask may be single-layer or consist of several layers, each of which may have different useful properties, for example, bactericidal activity directed at different types of microbes, etc. All materials used (in each of the layers) are identical to those that are widely used in medical practice and have the appropriate certificates.
• the plastic and cloth parts of the mask can be joined (stitched, glued) in the factory or by the consumer himself, for example, using adhesive tape.
• the mask is attached / fixed in the area of the head of a person with the help of devices 9, for example, ties, ribbons, elastic bands, etc.
• This version of the mask is primarily intended for use in surgery and has maximum protection for the doctor and patient under the condition of surgical operations and is aimed at the maximum preservation of the working capacity of the medical staff.
• This option is a synthesis of two types of masks: frame and thyroid, forming two different mask spaces: the lower frame - in the mouth, the shield - in the nose.
• a baffle is formed between the shield and the frame, containing an air hole for passage of exhaled air through the nose into the cavity of the frame.
• a valve is installed that passes exhaled air through the nose in the direction of the frame and prevents the penetration of exhaled air through the mouth into the upper mask space.
• the shield is airtight and is located at some distance from the surface of the face, so that breathing through the nose remains almost free.
• the main purpose of the mask flap is the direction, due to aerodynamics exhaled from the nose of air directly into the cavity of the frame, which completely excludes its falling towards the surgical field. This solution allows to ensure high quality of the main (nasal) type of surgeon’s breathing during surgery, increasing its performance.
• the shield also protects the nose and partially the middle part of the face from external pathological factors during the operation: biological fluids, airborne infections, etc. Which is also relevant to increase the safety of the surgeon.
• the air exhaled by the personnel in contrast to the filter masks, is completely diverted to non-sterile operating area. Due to this, a high level of sterility is ensured in the operating area itself, i.e. contributes to reducing the risk of postoperative complications. Consequently, the overall quality of treatment of a medical institution is improved.
• the frame of the mask located in the lower part of the face 1 includes an external airtight part of the frame 2 (shown transparent), made of, for example, plastic, through which the inner breathable side of the frame 3 is translucent, made of, for example, fabric material with a cutout around the area of the mouth 4.
• the frame forms lateral air holes (inlet outlet) 5 for the passage of air flow.
• the sides of the frame are as elongated as possible.
• the frame further comprises an airtight flap 10, covering the lower part of the nose. Between the flap 10 and the frame, a baffle 11 is formed with an air duct opening. There can be several similar holes in the partition, both identical and of various shapes.
• the figure 2 shows that the flap 10 is at some distance from the surface of the face, forming a slit-like space.
• Breathing through the mouth is similar to ⁇ ° 1.
• one or more valves are installed in the air duct in the partition 11 or in several openings. However, if the internal cavity of the frame is made taking into account the aerodynamics of the air flows passing through it, then the relevance of the valve is reduced or completely absent.
• the main purpose of this variant of the mask is general clinical.
• the mask can be recommended for use in all types of medical institutions, including infectious wards and for the provision of all types of medical care, from outpatient to infectious surgery. It is designed to maximize the protection of medical staff without significant loss of its performance.
• a particular difference between this mask option is its ability to transform and adapt to specific working conditions of medical staff.
• This type of mask is a hybrid consisting of three types of masks: frame, thyroid and filter. It includes, respectively, the functions of all types of well-known medical masks: barrier-discharge, barrier, filtering.
• a mask can have two states: initial and working. In the initial state, the mask does not functionally practically differ from the variant jV ° 2. The breath in her remains free. Therefore, in a similar position, it can be used, for example, for conventional surgery. If, there is a danger of infection, the mask is put into working condition, i.e. all air currents that occur during breathing through the mouth and nose during inhalation and exhalation are directed through the built-in filters. A similar danger arises, for example, when medical personnel enter from a clean zone into an infectious box. When leaving the box, there is no danger of infection, and the mask is returned to its original state, in which conditions for breathing are significantly improved.
• the hollow frame for the lower part of the face is divided into three functionally different sectors: the central and two side.
• the outer walls of the side sectors of the frame are air filters made of materials used in the production of standard (filtering) medical masks. For example, from a spunbond.
• the side walls of the frame can be homogeneous or consist of series-connected segments, each of which is a filter of different densities, ie filters designed for different types and levels of infection.
• the channel of the frame has a device for its overlap with the possibility of re-opening, with the aim of directing air flows on inhalation and exhalation either through the inlet / outlet (side openings) or through the built-in filter.
• each segment may have a separate device for its overlap, which may, for example, be made in the form of adhesive tape or a special latch.
• the mask shield as a rule, is completely made of filter material used in standard medical masks or, if necessary, giving it aerodynamic properties, consist of a combination of airtight material and filter fabric. Like option N ° 2, the shield in the initial state does not touch the surface of the face.
• a device is built in to the edges of the shield tissue to ensure its fit along the contour of the face, around the back of the nose.
• This can be, for example, an adhesive patch, ductile wire, elastic bracket, etc.
• the design of the medical mask barrier-discharge type ⁇ 3 is shown in the figure Ns 3.
• the frame of the mask located in the lower part of the face 1 includes an external airtight part of the frame 2 (shown transparent), made, for example, of plastic through which the inner breathable side of the frame 3 is translucent, made of, for example, fabric material with a cutout 4 around the mouth.
• the frame forms lateral air holes (inlet / outlet) 5 for the passage of air flow.
• This mask option is used in two states: initial (open) and working (closed).
• the shield 10 In the initial position, the shield 10 is not in contact with the surface of the face and the inputs / outputs 5 for the passage of air flow are open.
• N ° 3 variant of the medical mask ⁇ ° 3 is shown in the working (closed) position.
• the shield 10 is made of filtering and, as a rule, single-layer material (for example, spunbond or medical gauze), fits snugly to the contour of the face around the back of the nose. As a result, the mask space in the nose area is completely closed, and the inhalation / exhalation through the nose is through the filter cloth of the scutellum.
• a partition 11 is formed between the shield and the frame, which, unlike the option N ° 2, may not even contain an air duct.
• the outer side of the side sections of the frame in contrast to the options j ⁇ ° 1, 2, consists of segments 12 made of filter cloth (side filters).
• the wall of each segment 12 may consist of filters of different densities or of a different number of layers of tissue (for example, spunbond).
• a fixture 14 shown only for the middle segment for blocking the channel.
• shaping supports for example, coarse mesh of kapron
• the mesh can be woven into the fabric in the form of individual fibers or the fabric itself, in the form of a mesh, is impregnated with a forming solution (for example, starch).
• Breathable material of the frame, filters in the side segments and the shield can be made of fabrics of different functionality or the same (standardly used in medical practice).
• the visor unlike the prototype, does not come in contact with the surface of the face, in the area of the nasal bridge.
• the resulting gap is used not only for air intake during inspiration through the nose, but also for the free movement of the plastic part after the movements of the lower jaw.
• the shield 10 is made of fabric with a certain margin so that during a conversation not to impede the movement of the lower jaw.
• Each version of the mask can have various additional devices, devices, and can be made of various materials, using different technologies.
• the plastic part of the mask may have a superstructure in the form of a transparent shield.
• the outer side of the mask can be fully or partially transparent - made of plastic, as shown in figures 1-3.
• plastic can have various color shades; various inscriptions and drawings can be applied on its surface. Plastic may not be transparent (in any color scheme).
• the outer side of the frame, for the purpose of additional ventilation, in front of the oral region may be a movable wall in the form of a membrane, oscillating synchronously during inhalation and exhalation.
• the side of the frame adjacent to the front surface can be made in the form of a continuous fabric or mesh (fine or coarse mesh), for example, from a cotton fabric or from a transparent, translucent natural fabric (for example, silk, batiste, chiffon, etc.) or from a synthetic polymer (e.g., nylon, nylon, etc.).
• a continuous fabric or mesh fine or coarse mesh
• a cotton fabric or from a transparent, translucent natural fabric for example, silk, batiste, chiffon, etc.
• a synthetic polymer e.g., nylon, nylon, etc.
• between the layers of breathable material can pass reinforcing, forming elements (mesh, threads, elastic bands and ribbons, turning into ties for the mask, etc.).
• At least one device for optimizing and separating the air flows can be located in the cavity of the mask frame.
• At least one filter element can be installed along the air flow path in the frame channel, which, for example, can be further treated with an antiseptic or filter material used in the manufacture of medical masks (for example, spunbond).
• At least one air channel of the mask frame may further comprise at least one moisture-absorbing element.
• Any air channel of the mask frame may contain at least one inlet or outlet valve.
• At least one tube of the mask frame may have at least one tube for forcing the air mixture from the external source and / or for exhaling exhaled air from the mask space to the respiratory organs.
• At least one air channel of the mask frame may further comprise at least one cylinder of compressed air to improve the composition of the inhaled air in an autonomous mode or in field (military) conditions.
• At least one air channel of the mask frame may further comprise at least one fan.
• At least one air channel of the mask frame may have a spiral shape, due to which foreign particles in the inhaled air acquire a rotational (centrifugal) movement, settling on its walls.
• At least one air channel of the mask frame may contain at least one filter of zero resistance.
• the inner surface of the channel of the frame can be treated with a special adhesive substance, which contributes to the adhesion on the surface of dust and various biological aerosols contained in the air.
• the mask frame may be further electrostatically treated to deposit dust particles and other foreign particles in the passing air stream and having opposite electrical potential on its inner surface.

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• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)

Priority Applications (7)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Related Parent Applications (1)

Related Child Applications (1)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Cited By (3)

Families Citing this family (8)

Citations (5)

Family Cites Families (7)

• 2017
  • 2017-05-30 RU RU2017118581A patent/RU2652975C2/ru active
• 2018
  • 2018-04-24 BR BR112019025140-5A patent/BR112019025140A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2018-04-24 JP JP2019566174A patent/JP2020523492A/ja active Pending
  • 2018-04-24 EP EP18810853.4A patent/EP3632248B1/en active Active
  • 2018-04-24 CA CA3100189A patent/CA3100189A1/en active Pending
  • 2018-04-24 KR KR1020197038505A patent/KR102690620B1/ko active IP Right Grant
  • 2018-04-24 WO PCT/RU2018/000267 patent/WO2018222081A1/ru unknown
• 2024
  • 2024-03-15 JP JP2024040784A patent/JP2024088652A/ja active Pending

Patent Citations (5)

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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