WO2018222067A1

WO2018222067A1 - Method for transporting crude oil

Info

Publication number: WO2018222067A1
Application number: PCT/RU2017/000380
Authority: WO
Inventors: Марат Отеллович ЯРИМОВ
Original assignee: Марат Отеллович ЯРИМОВ
Priority date: 2017-05-31
Filing date: 2017-05-31
Publication date: 2018-12-06

Abstract

The invention relates to the oil and gas industry, and more particularly to the transportation of crude oil through local and major pipelines, using pumps. The technical result is that of increasing transportation efficiency by reducing electrical energy consumption. The present method envisages the movement of crude oil along a pipeline or the transportation of same using a main line pump driven by an electric motor. The method involves converting electrical energy into mechanical energy by means of the interaction of electrically charged conductors or windings with magnetic fields, after supply of a voltage, with a rotating rotor, mechanically connected to a pump, wherein the rotating masses thereof and the moments of inertia of said rotating masses have a predetermined value. When a voltage is supplied to the windings during start-up, the mechanical energy of the rotating masses is accumulated, said mechanical energy, in turn, being obtained when a portion of the electrical energy is converted during acceleration of the rotor. This accumulated mechanical energy is stored and used in the steady state operation of the motor in the form of kinetic energy. As a result, the sum of two components of the overall mechanical work or energy is obtained: the first component is the work of the electrical current in rotating the rotor with a pump in a steady state mode, and the second component is the work of the accumulated mechanical energy converted from electrical energy during the acceleration of the rotating masses by the rotor, the second component being used together with the first component.

Description

Description of the invention. A method of transporting oil.

The invention relates to the oil and gas industry, in particular to methods for mechanized transportation of oil by pumps through local and main oil pipelines.

Known methods of transporting oil by sequential pumping by main pumps through pipes driven by

electric motor. A.A. Korshak, “Oil Pumping Stations”, Textbook, Series “Higher Education”, Rostov n / A, Phoenix, 2015, (1). L.M: Becker, K.Yu. Shtukaturov, D.K. Elkis, patent N22523923 "Method for the transportation of oil by reverse pumping", (2).

Known methods provide for the transportation of oil only from part of the actual physical processes.

The disadvantage of the well-known methods of oil transportation is low efficiency and efficiency, as well as the fact that there is a significant discrepancy in the operation of the pumping oil main pumps, driven by electric motors, actually occurring physical processes. Through low efficiency and performance known

electric motors (3) and (4), low indicators also follow,

working now, main oil pumps.

The prior art does not know how to transport oil,

able to achieve such high levels of efficiency and effectiveness, through the actions of well-known installed oil equipment.

Existing methods of oil transportation do not comply with the law of energy conservation (5), the basic laws of Newtonian mechanics (6), through the work of well-known and widespread electric motors. As you know, any technical and technological processes that do not comply with the laws of physics are invalid and cannot be industrially applicable.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency according to (8) and

the effectiveness of existing methods of oil transportation,

significant saving of energy resources, bringing into compliance with existing laws of physics and internationally accepted units of measurement of physical quantities work and energy.

The aim of the invention is to create a fundamentally new previously unknown method of transporting oil with high efficiency according to (8) and efficiency, when converting electrical energy through

Electromechanical engine in the electrodynamic work of oil pumping equipment. Fulfillment of the fundamental law of nature, the law of conservation of energy, fulfillment of the fundamental laws of mechanics, subject to An internationally established unit of measure is a physical quantity job. Bringing known methods of transporting oil to

correspondence with real physical processes.

The technical and technological result is achieved in that in order to provide a new method for transporting oil, the pumping equipment is driven and then carried out in such a way that

voltage on the windings during the start-up period, accumulate mechanical energy, which in turn is obtained when part of the electrical energy is converted during acceleration of all rotating masses by the rotor, while this stored mechanical energy is further stored and applied in the steady state operation of the motor with the pump in the form of kinetic energy , as a result receive the sum of two components of the general mechanical work or energy: the first Ae. - electric current operation to rotate the pump by the rotor in the steady state, the second

- work accumulated mechanical energy converted from electrical energy during acceleration of rotating masses by the rotor, which is used in conjunction with the first, and the overall work is performed and determined by the expression:

Ach. = Ae. + | ΑΣΛ |; [one].

where is Aobot. - general operation of the electric motor with a pump for converting electrical energy into mechanical energy during oil transportation. In the proposed method of transporting oil in the energy balance of pumps with a drive motor, there is a main component | Achd. | Accumulated in the starting or accelerating period of the device’s operating time in the form of kinetic energy of all rotating masses after applying electric power to the engine.

According to the source (3), the efficiency and efficiency of known electric motors from the beginning of the 19th century (4) are based on state standards that do not correspond to existing physical laws in the field of mechanics. In the proposed method of oil transportation, a complete balance of all involved types of energy is provided taking into account (8): electrical, electromechanical and purely dynamic. The basis of the presentation is the author’s energy diagram in Fig / graphic materials.

The reasoning is based on the fact that the masses and moment of inertia of the rotating parts of the pumps by the rotor are accepted as the sums of the rotating masses with

moments of their inertia. In the known methods of transporting oil (1) and (2), the pumps are driven by the known electric motors (3), (4), which do not reflect the mechanical processes that occur in the known methods of operation of electric motors and further in the methods of moving oil. Definitely on par with Ae's work. - rotor rotation forces caused by the interaction of an electric current in the windings with the magnetic field of an electromechanical motor in the steady state, at the same time, dynamic work | A £ d. | - from

kinetic energy of all rotating masses of the engine-pump system, or accumulated as a result of acceleration of the rotor with pump load

mechanical energy.

When starting the motor in Fig / in the initial tn. moment of time

= 0, the work of rotating masses with a given mass is zero, but at the same time, the work of Ae. = check, rotor rotation forces caused by the interaction

the electric current in the windings with the magnetic field of the electrodynamic motor and during the acceleration of the rotating masses by the rotor is much more than when working in the steady state of the system, in some cases, with large losses or loads, it exceeds two or more times. Further along the author’s energy diagram, a transformation occurs,

exceeding part, from the established after acceleration, electrical energy into mechanical or dynamic, which is stored and

is accumulated in the form of kinetic energy of the rotating masses of the system in the time interval tn .. At the end of this time, the electric motor operates in steady state in the time interval tp .. This fact also confirms that in the author's version the law of conservation of mechanical energy is observed (5) and transformation occurs elevated parts of the work of Ae. - the rotation forces of the rotor with the pump, caused by the interaction of electric current or the starting part of this work, in acceleration, so that in the future in the nominal, steady state use, | A £ d. | - as work from the kinetic energy of rotating masses by inertia.

Thus, in Fig according to the energy diagram of the author, in the proposed method of transporting oil, in the time period tp. - in the steady state engine, two components are simultaneously working. This is Ae's job. - rotation forces of the rotor with the pump, caused by the flow of electric current in the windings when interacting with the magnetic field of the motor in the steady state, and [A £ d. | - the work accumulated during the launch of the kinetic energy of the rotating masses of the system in the form of dynamic energy, which in total give the overall electromechanical work in the proposed method for moving oil with the drive of an oil pump from an electromechanical engine. In the sources of information of known methods for moving oil (1) and (2), | A £ d. | - work rotational

motion of rotating masses and moments of their inertia is not provided in principle. That is, the principle of operation of widely known methods

The movement of oil is based and described, without the term action of the movement of the rotating masses. For well-known electric motors, by analogy from the information source (3) and (4), for example, according to their energy diagram, it is not possible to show and explain where the increased electric energy goes during the start-up and acceleration of an individual electric motor in the system ?, where is that part of the energy what did it turn into in the future ?, because according to the law of conservation of energy (5) it does not disappear without a trace and must be present constantly in a different form, as specifically in the proposed method of oil transportation. The work | Ahd. |, In the well-known sources of information (1), (2), is not shown and is missing. According to the source (3) and (4), the efficiency of widely used methods of operation of electric motors is determined without the component | A £ d. |. This once again emphasizes the existing and unacceptable violation of the law of conservation of energy (5), while how can oil be transported? The proposed balance of the energy system Aobot. = Ae. + A £ d., [1] - the work or the developed power of the engine, which is obtained after dividing both sides of equality [1] by time t:

Roc. = Re. + | Rhd. |; [2]; where is the total - the total developed power of the electromechanical engine in the proposed method of oil transportation;

Re. - power of the electromechanical engine from the action

electric currents when interacting with magnetic fields to rotate the rotor in the steady state of the engine-pump system;

| P £ d. | - the power from the kinetic energy of the movement of rotating masses and their moments of inertia, in absolute value or accumulated as a result of acceleration of the rotor with the pump in a single system and then constantly acting kinetic energy (with the oil pump load), the energy conservation law is fully observed (5), and the basic laws of Newtonian mechanics are also observed (6). The proposed method

oil transportation with the operation of an electrodynamic engine according to the author’s energy diagram corresponds to the full dimension of the work performed in essence or the developed power. According to the source of information (7) on page 1 16 1 17, the definition of a physical quantity, the work includes a component of inertial motion. Thus, in the known methods for moving oil, there is only a part of the work from the rotational movement of the rotor, that is, without taking into account the work of the accumulated kinetic energy of its movement of the rotating masses by inertia, and the known methods perform only a part of the actual work or the developed power for converting electrical energy into the mechanical energy of the engine-pump system. Measurement of electric energy by an electric meter unambiguously shows only the consumed electric part of energy, as in (1) p. 19 expression (2.2) or only part of the work

electric motor together with the load of the oil pump per unit time. But in no case does it show the dynamic component of the power of the system, into which the doubled starting part of the electric energy of the electromechanical engine passed during acceleration, and | P £ d. | Further

is present in the steady state mode of operation of the author's electromechanical engine in the proposed method of oil transportation. If the electric meter of consumed electric energy cannot technically show the dynamic component of the developed power, this does not mean that it does not exist in this physical process. Moreover, it is always present, it affects the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed method of oil transportation, through the method of operation of an electromechanical engine according to the author’s energy diagram and according to (8). Moreover, in (1) on p.19 The efficiency in the known methods of oil transportation is determined without working from the kinetic energy of the rotating masses, which contradicts the law of conservation of mechanical energy (5).

The absolute values of the work or power of the rotational motion of the system by inertia in [1], [2] are taken due to the fact that they are negative in direction and have a delayed nature and

the decreasing nature of inertial motion under the influence of friction and load of the proposed method for moving oil.

In the widely known (1), (2) methods of oil transportation, the second component of the work

or power | P £ d. | it is absent and does not appear when performing work [1] or the power developed by them [2], which contradicts the fundamental law of energy conservation (5), the laws of mechanics (6) and does not correspond to the internationally established physical quantity work (7). The known method cannot be applied in practice. The implementation of the invention. The proposed method for transporting oil is produced as follows: with the voltage applied to the windings during the start-up period, they accumulate mechanical energy, which in turn is obtained when part of the electrical energy is converted during acceleration of all rotating masses by the rotor, while this stored mechanical energy is then stored and used in steady state operation of the engine with the pump in the form of kinetic energy, as a result, the sum of the two components of the total mechanical work or energy is obtained:

first Ae. - electric current operation to rotate the pump by the rotor in the steady state, the second

- work accumulated

mechanical energy converted from electrical energy during the acceleration of rotating masses by a rotor, which is used in conjunction with the first, and the general work is performed and determined by the expression [1].

Brief description of the drawing.

The graphic material shows the author’s energy diagram, which clearly illustrates the method of oil transportation energetically. In the diagram, the diagram has three vertical zones of system operation, from above

separated by types of energy, E is electric, in the middle of EM is electromechanical or electrodynamic, and M is purely mechanical or dynamic. On the left, three periods of time or the operating mode of an electromechanical engine during the operation of an oil pump, tn are shown. - start time, tp. - steady state time, U. - engine stop time after a power outage. Each time period, on the right of the diagram, shows the intervals of the value of the work, the starting period corresponds to the acceleration of the rotating masses by the rotor to the steady-state work from the energy of its inertia from Au; d. = 0 to

max, from zero to maximum, while ensuring the total balance of work or energy [1]. Next, in steady state tp. work is equal to the total value of Agg. = Ae. + | A £ d. |, And after disconnecting the voltage. work is determined in the range from A £ d. = max to A £ d. = 0. In the form of segments with arrows on the bottom Part of the diagram clearly shows the equality [1], as the energy balance or the sum of the works of the proposed method. In the middle of the chart, a top-down double-sided arrow shows the losses during operation of the method, as well as the degree of load during operation of the oil transportation method, which have an effect on each of the components of Ae. and | A £ d. |, depending on time periods or operating modes. In the starting period tn., At the beginning of the loss purely dependent on the operation of large electric starting currents, and mechanical friction is zero, and in the end, already at steady state tp. Losses are equalized and fall on each AE. and dynamic work | Ahd. | from the kinetic energy of the motion of rotating masses by inertia. After disconnecting the electric voltage to the engine, there are only mechanical losses with a load, for example,

transported oil, which decrease, is shown at the bottom of the diagram, with the overall balance [1]. In the middle, the dashed line from top to bottom shows the losses, which are individually and totally indicated by arrows, where Apot. = Apothe. + Apot. £ d .. In the purely mechanical part of the work, the diagram shows the mathematical formula | Ahd. | = (£ J) - co ^2/2 and clearly points out that a zone of movement kinetic energy of the rotating masses of the rotor and the pump, it is always present after the transition from a purely electric energy from zone to tn, when full.

maintaining balance [1]. At the top of the energy diagram at the beginning of the starting time tn., The overall work is Aob. it has a purely electrical character and content, only as the rotor accelerates, it does not disappear anywhere, decreases and turns into purely mechanical work from the kinetic energy of rotational motion, shifting to the right mechanical zone of the diagram with balance [1]. The drawing, for example, clearly shows the theoretical scale of the components of the electrical and mechanical or dynamic parts of the proposed method for transporting oil, which is approximately two times higher than in the methods of (1), (2).

The efficiency of known methods of oil transfer from (1) p. 19 is determined by formula (2.2) or only from the energy consumed by the meter, which contradicts the law of energy conservation (5). In the proposed method, it is determined only with | A £ d. |, According to the source (8), for example, for the engine.

The effectiveness of the proposed methods of oil transportation comes out of the total total work performed by the electrodynamic engine according to [1] and the developed power [2], they are almost one and a half to two times more than the known ones. Thus, the increase in efficiency and efficiency for the proposed method of oil transportation is obvious. There is no doubt that the factor of compliance with the law of conservation of energy, the laws of mechanics, and the internationally established unit of measurement of physical quantities, work and energy.

Additionally, according to the source (5), there is a basis for enabling the implementation of the invention, which has become

publicly available prior to priority date on p. 67.68 “Conservation Act mechanical energy ”, according to which the main accumulated during the acceleration of the rotor, component work or energy | A £ d. | or power | Rkhd. | required and used in conjunction with the first

electrical component, as an integral feature of [1] or [2]. This leads to the obvious solution, for example, in the well-known NM-10000-210 main oil pump with an STD-8000 electric motor, the increased starting part of the electric energy is accumulated during acceleration of the rotor and pump masses, then it is stored and directly acts in

nominal steady state during oil transportation, as the main component of energy | A £ d. |.

Description of the solution, known up to the priority date by a specific example: 1. “Pumping units of an oil pumping station”, NPS “Ternovka”, 2. “Designed starting characteristics” of STD-8000 synchronous

electric motors for drives of main pumps.

According to paragraph 1, it is obvious that for starting the main pumping unit NM-10000 with the STD-8000 electric motor, large starting currents are needed to accelerate the given masses and their moments of inertia £ J, consisting of the components of the electric motor rotor, shaft part with the coupling and pump supercharger . In this connection, the starting mode of electric power supply is introduced; for this, two power transformers of 25 MVA each are included in the parallel totalizing mode, using the SMV-10 sectional oil switches. After completion of the start-up mode of the main power unit, the SMV-10 is turned off, and the main pumping unit further operates from one 25 MVA transformer in steady state. Thus, during the start-up period, the collection, accumulation of kinetic energy of the rotating masses of the system to the calculated value is ensured

= (£ J) · ω ^2/2, at 3000 revs / min or speed 314 to ^1. Then, after the start-up mode is completed, the obtained kinetic energy is applied to

transportation of oil by a main pump with a total energy balance, determined by mathematical expressions [1] and [2] in the description of the invention, according to the law of conservation of mechanical energy from (5). The examples of starting modes of the main pump with

switching modes and further operation in the steady state fully coincide with those described in the graphic material in FIG and the description of this application for the invention. Thus, the sign

inventions "industrial applicability" is provided.

There are calculated starting characteristics of STD-8000, in the form of ratios of inrush currents to rated currents - in the numerator and in the form

relations of starting torque to rated torque on the shaft - in the denominator. The maximum value of the starting current reaches seven times the value, according to the well-known table of 6.93 times. It is possible to determine by the author’s formula Ae = V3-UT-6.93-tn / 2, (as the area of the conditional triangle on the graphic material of FIG. the acceleration period, for example, of the engine rotor) is the total starting part of the electric energy, which transfers the equivalent into the kinetic energy of the system of rotating masses, where it is collected, accumulated and then used in the steady state, after acceleration. The magnitude of the kinetic energy of the rotating masses, we find on a particular example for the rotor according to the formula Ahd = (Τω ² ) / 2 = (2034 kg / m ² -314 ² s ² ) / 2 = 100272132 J, or adjusted for the shaft part of the rotor АУ = 89130784 J. If we compare the passport data of the power of the STD-8000 kW or 8000000 W with the power of the developed kinetic energy of the rotor at an angular velocity of 314 s ¹ , P £ d = 89130784 W or work Au = 89130784 J (W-s). In a first approximation, Ae in the steady state will be no more than 10% (8.236%), of A total. [one]. According to the law of energy conservation (5), to a first approximation, the starting part of the electric energy of the STD-8000 engine passed into the stored energy of the rotating masses of the engine-pump system. Further this

Accumulated energy, according to (5), is stored and applied, and is also the main part of the energy balance of the total developed capacity of the main pump, where it performs the predominant part of the oil transportation work. Thus, the proposed method of oil transportation meets the criteria of patentability of the invention of "novelty", inventive step and industrial

applicability.

Information sources:

1. A.A. Korshak, “Oil Pumping Stations”, Textbook, Series “Higher Education”, Rostov n / a, Phoenix, 2015.

2. L.M. Becker, K.Yu. Shtukaturov, D.K. Elkis, patent Ν ° 2523923 "Method for the transportation of oil by reverse pumping", 2012.

3. GOST 25941-83, “Methods for determining losses and electric efficiency. cars.

4. F.A. Brockhaus - I.A. Efron, "Encyclopedic Dictionary", 1890, reprinted edition to the 100th anniversary of the publication of the 1st edition of 1890 - 1990, "Terra" - TERRA, TOM 80,1994, p. 469, "Electric motors".

5. B.M. Yavorsky and A.A. Detlaf, “Handbook of Physics”, for engineers and university students, fourth edition, revised, Nauka Publishing House, Main Edition of Physics and Mathematics, Moscow, 1968.

6. I. Newton, “Mathematical principles of natural philosophy”, translation from Latin with notes and explanations by A.N. Krylova, L., Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1936. ^*

7. J.I. Perelman, “Entertaining mechanics”, Domodedovo publishing house VAL, 1994.

8. M.O. Yarimov, “Efficiency and Efficiency of Electromechanical Engines”, Prog. for computer methods, certificate N ° 2017613759, dated March 29, 2017.

Claims

CLAIM.

A method of transporting oil.

A method of transporting oil, including moving along

pipeline or its transportation with a main pump driven by an electric motor, where they convert electrical energy into mechanical energy through the interaction of conductors or windings under

electric current with magnetic fields, after applying electrical voltage with a rotating rotor mechanically connected to the pump, with a given value of the rotating masses and moments of inertia, characterized in that by supplying voltage to the windings during the start-up period, they accumulate mechanical energy, which in turn receive when they convert part of the electrical energy during acceleration of all

rotational masses of the rotor, while further storing and applying this accumulated mechanical energy in the steady state operation of the engine with the pump in the form of kinetic energy, the result is a sum of two components of the total mechanical work or energy:

- work accumulated

mechanical energy, ^' converted from electrical energy during the acceleration of rotating masses by a rotor, which is used in conjunction with the first, and the general work is performed and determined by the expression:

Ach. = Ae. +} Ahd. (; Where Achot. Is the general operation of an electric motor with a pump for converting electrical energy into mechanical energy during oil transportation.