WO2018212582A1 - Procédé et dispositif de codage ou de décodage en prédiction intra - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de codage ou de décodage en prédiction intra Download PDF

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WO2018212582A1
WO2018212582A1 PCT/KR2018/005596 KR2018005596W WO2018212582A1 WO 2018212582 A1 WO2018212582 A1 WO 2018212582A1 KR 2018005596 W KR2018005596 W KR 2018005596W WO 2018212582 A1 WO2018212582 A1 WO 2018212582A1
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value
pixel
current block
neighboring pixel
neighboring
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PCT/KR2018/005596
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
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임정연
김효성
김형덕
손세훈
신재섭
이경택
이선영
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에스케이텔레콤 주식회사
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Publication of WO2018212582A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018212582A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/103—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode
    • H04N19/11—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode among a plurality of spatial predictive coding modes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/182—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being a pixel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
    • H04N19/593—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving spatial prediction techniques
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/70—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals characterised by syntax aspects related to video coding, e.g. related to compression standards

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to image encoding or decoding for improving the accuracy of prediction in intra prediction.
  • Non-directional prediction modes include a planar prediction mode and a DC prediction mode.
  • the directional prediction mode is effective for a region having a constant directionality in an image, but the non-directional prediction mode is more effective for a flat region having continuity with respect to surrounding reference signals.
  • the DC prediction mode is provided as an alternative to the directional prediction mode as a prediction method based on the average value of neighboring pixels in the current block, but the prediction accuracy is poor in that it is only an approximation. Accordingly, the plane prediction mode is newly introduced in HEVC.
  • Planar prediction mode is a prediction method for generating a two-dimensional plane reflecting the distance according to the position of the adjacent pixels can generate a more precise prediction value.
  • 1 is an exemplary diagram for describing a planar prediction mode according to the prior art.
  • a prediction value of the current block is generated by using adjacent pixels located in the upper row and the left column of the current block as reference pixels.
  • neighboring pixels used as reference pixels are pixels reconstructed by prediction and reconstruction. Since coding units (CUs) in a coding tree unit (CTU) are processed in a Z-scan order, adjacent pixels in the right column and the lower row of the current block cannot be used as reference pixels in the intra prediction process.
  • CUs coding units
  • CTU coding tree unit
  • the values of all adjacent pixels located in the right column of the current block 100 are set to be the same as the values of the adjacent pixels TR located in the upper right corner.
  • the value of all adjacent pixels located in the lower row of (100) is set equal to the values of the adjacent pixels BL and 116 located in the lower left corner. Accordingly, when the values of all adjacent pixels surrounding the current block 100 are determined, bilinear interpolation is performed in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction with respect to the current pixel 110.
  • a first prediction value of the current pixel 100 is generated by linear interpolation using adjacent pixels 114 and 120 positioned in the same row as the current pixel 110, and FIG. 1.
  • a second prediction value of the current pixel 100 is generated by linear interpolation using adjacent pixels 118 and 122 positioned in the same column as the current pixel 110.
  • the final prediction value of the current pixel 100 is determined as an average value of the first prediction value and the second prediction value.
  • the conventional planar prediction mode sets the values of all adjacent pixels located in the right column of the current block 100 and the values of all adjacent pixels located in the lower row, respectively, to the same value, the lower right corner of the current block 100. As the direction increases, the accuracy of the pixel prediction value tends to decrease.
  • the present invention provides an image encoding or decoding technique for increasing the precision of intra prediction.
  • the method comprising: setting a value of the first neighboring pixel by decoding information indicating a first neighboring pixel located at a lower right corner of the current block from a bitstream; The current block by interpolation using the value of the first neighboring pixel, the value of the second neighboring pixel located at the upper right corner of the current block, and the value of the third neighboring pixel located at the lower left corner of the current block; Obtaining a value of a lower adjacent pixel and a value of a right adjacent pixel of the pixel; And obtaining a predicted value of the current pixel in the current block by interpolation using a value of a left neighboring pixel of the current block, a value of an upper neighboring pixel of the current block, a value of the lower neighboring pixel, and a value of the right neighboring pixel. It provides a video decoding method comprising the step.
  • the current block by interpolation using the value of the first neighboring pixel, the value of the second neighboring pixel located at the upper right corner of the current block, and the value of the third neighboring pixel located at the lower left corner of the current block;
  • the decoding unit for decoding the information indicating the first adjacent pixel located in the lower right corner of the current block from the bitstream;
  • a first neighboring pixel setting unit configured to set a value of the first neighboring pixel by using information indicating the first neighboring pixel;
  • the current block by interpolation using the value of the first neighboring pixel, the value of the second neighboring pixel located at the upper right corner of the current block, and the value of the third neighboring pixel located at the lower left corner of the current block;
  • a neighboring pixel predictor configured to determine a value of a lower neighboring pixel and a value of a right neighboring pixel of the pixel; And determining a predicted value of the current pixel in the current block by interpolation using a value of a left neighboring pixel of the current block, a value of an upper neighboring pixel of the current block, a value of the lower neighboring pixel, and a value of the right neighboring pixel.
  • the first adjacent pixel setting unit for setting the value of the first adjacent pixel located in the lower right corner of the current block based on the reference pixels of the current block;
  • the current block by interpolation using the value of the first neighboring pixel, the value of the second neighboring pixel located at the upper right corner of the current block, and the value of the third neighboring pixel located at the lower left corner of the current block;
  • a neighboring pixel predictor configured to determine a value of a lower neighboring pixel and a value of a right neighboring pixel of the pixel; And determining a predicted value of the current pixel in the current block by interpolation using a value of a left neighboring pixel of the current block, a value of an upper neighboring pixel of the current block, a value of the lower neighboring pixel, and a value of the right neighboring pixel.
  • 1 is an exemplary diagram for describing a planar prediction mode according to the prior art.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an image encoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an image decoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an apparatus for performing intra prediction in a planar prediction mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is an exemplary diagram for describing a planar prediction mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 6 through 8 are exemplary diagrams of a planar prediction mode using information decoded from a bitstream according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 9 to 11 are exemplary views of planar prediction mode using a value calculated based on neighboring pixels of the current block according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 12 to 15 are exemplary diagrams of a planar prediction mode in a 360 image according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 16 is an exemplary diagram illustrating a method of setting values of neighboring pixels of a current block according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 17 is a flowchart illustrating an intra prediction prediction method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a flowchart illustrating an intra prediction prediction method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the current block may refer to a coding unit (CU) or a prediction unit (PU) to be encoded or decoded.
  • the current pixel may refer to a pixel in a current block for which a prediction value is to be generated according to an intra prediction mode.
  • the adjacent pixel may refer to a pixel immediately adjacent to the current block.
  • the adjacent pixel may be a reconstructed pixel value or may be a value predicted using another pixel value.
  • the peripheral pixel may refer to the reconstructed pixel that is not adjacent to the current block but located in the peripheral.
  • the reference pixel may refer to a reconstructed pixel that is referred to to generate a prediction value of the current pixel, and may include not only pixels (adjacent pixels) adjacent to the current block but also non-adjacent pixels (main pixel). Meanwhile, the term 'pixel' is interchangeable with terms such as pixel and sample.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an image encoding apparatus 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the image encoding apparatus 200 may include a block divider 210, a predictor 220, a subtractor 230, a transformer 240, a quantizer 245, an encoder 250, an inverse quantizer 260, An inverse transform unit 265, an adder 270, a filter unit 280, and a memory 290 are included.
  • Each component of the encoding apparatus 200 may be implemented by a hardware chip, or may be implemented by software and a microprocessor to execute a function of software corresponding to each component.
  • the block dividing unit 210 After dividing each picture constituting the image into a plurality of coding tree units (CTUs), the block dividing unit 210 recursively divides the CTUs using a tree structure.
  • a leaf node in the tree structure becomes a coding unit (CU) which is a basic unit of coding.
  • CU coding unit
  • QT QuadTree
  • QTBT QuadTree
  • BT binaryTree
  • BinaryTree BinaryTree
  • the prediction unit 220 generates a prediction block by predicting the current block.
  • the predictor 220 includes an intra predictor 222 and an inter predictor 224.
  • the current block is a basic unit of encoding corresponding to a leaf node in the tree structure, and means a CU to be currently encoded.
  • the current block may be one subblock of the plurality of subblocks divided from the CU.
  • the intra predictor 222 predicts pixels in the current block by using pixels (reference pixels) positioned in the vicinity of the current block in the current picture including the current block.
  • the intra predictor 222 may determine an intra prediction mode to be used to encode the current block.
  • intra prediction unit 222 may encode the current block using several intra prediction modes and select an appropriate intra prediction mode to use from the tested modes. For example, intra predictor 222 calculates rate distortion values using rate-distortion analysis for several tested intra prediction modes, and has the best rate distortion characteristics among the tested modes. Intra prediction mode may be selected.
  • the plurality of intra prediction modes according to the embodiment of the present invention may include two non-directional modes (plane mode and DC mode) and 65 directional modes. A detailed description of the planar mode according to embodiments of the present invention will be described later with reference to other drawings.
  • the intra prediction unit 222 selects one intra prediction mode from among the plurality of intra prediction modes, and predicts the current block by using a reference pixel and an operation formula determined according to the selected intra prediction mode. Information on the selected intra prediction mode is encoded by the encoder 250 and transmitted to the image decoding apparatus.
  • the inter prediction unit 224 searches for the block most similar to the current block in the coded and decoded reference picture before the current picture, and generates a prediction block for the current block using the searched block.
  • a motion vector (MV) corresponding to a displacement between the current block in the current picture and the prediction block in the reference picture is generated.
  • Motion information including information about a reference picture and information about a motion vector used to predict the current block is encoded by the encoder 250 and transmitted to the image decoding apparatus.
  • the subtractor 230 subtracts the prediction block generated by the intra predictor 222 or the inter predictor 224 from the current block to generate a residual block.
  • the converter 240 converts the residual signal in the residual block having pixel values of the spatial domain into a transform coefficient of the frequency domain.
  • the transform unit 240 may convert the residual signals in the residual block using the size of the current block as a conversion unit, or divide the residual block into a plurality of smaller subblocks and convert the residual signals in a subblock-sized transform unit. You can also convert. There may be various ways of dividing the residual block into smaller subblocks. For example, the subblock may be divided into sub-blocks having the same size, or may be divided by a quadtree (QT) method using the residual block as a root node.
  • QT quadtree
  • the quantization unit 245 quantizes the transform coefficients output from the transform unit 240, and outputs the quantized transform coefficients to the encoder 250.
  • the encoder 250 generates a bitstream by encoding the quantized transform coefficients by using an encoding method such as CABAC.
  • the encoder 250 encodes information about the size of the CTU located in the highest layer of the tree structure and split information for dividing the block into the tree structure from the CTU, so that the decoding apparatus divides the block in the same way as the encoding apparatus. Do it.
  • QT splitting QT splitting information indicating whether a block of an upper layer is divided into four blocks of a lower layer is encoded.
  • BT partitioning BT partitioning information indicating whether each block is divided into two blocks and the type of partitioning is encoded, starting from the block corresponding to the leaf node of the QT.
  • the encoder 250 encodes information about a prediction type indicating whether the current block is encoded by intra prediction or inter prediction, and encodes intra prediction information or inter prediction information according to the prediction type.
  • the inverse quantizer 260 inversely quantizes the quantized transform coefficients output from the quantizer 245 to generate transform coefficients.
  • the inverse transformer 265 restores the residual block by converting the transform coefficients output from the inverse quantizer 260 from the frequency domain to the spatial domain.
  • the adder 270 reconstructs the current block by adding the reconstructed residual block and the prediction block generated by the prediction unit 220.
  • the pixels in the reconstructed current block are used as reference pixels when intra prediction of blocks of the next order.
  • the filter unit 280 deblocks and filters the boundary between the reconstructed blocks in order to remove blocking artifacts that occur due to encoding / decoding of blocks. When all the blocks in a picture are reconstructed, the reconstructed picture is used as a reference picture for inter prediction of a block in a picture to be encoded later.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an image decoding apparatus 300 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the image decoding apparatus 300 includes a decoder 310, an inverse quantizer 320, an inverse transformer 330, a predictor 340, an adder 350, a filter 360, and a memory 370.
  • the components shown in FIG. 3 may be implemented in a hardware chip or may be implemented in software and implemented so that the microprocessor executes a function of software corresponding to each component.
  • the decoder 310 decodes the bitstream received from the image encoding apparatus, extracts information related to block division, determines a current block to be decoded, and includes prediction information and residual signal information necessary for reconstructing the current block. Extract
  • the decoder 310 extracts information on the CTU size from a Sequence Parameter Set (SPS) or Picture Parameter Set (PPS) to determine the size of the CTU, and divides the picture into a CTU of the determined size.
  • the CTU is determined as the highest layer of the tree structure, that is, the root node, and the CTU is partitioned using the tree structure by extracting partition information about the CTU. For example, when splitting a CTU using a QTBT structure, first, a first flag (QT_split_flag) related to splitting of QT is extracted, and each node is divided into four nodes of a lower layer. For the node corresponding to the leaf node of the QT, the second flag BT_split_flag and the split type information related to the splitting of the BT are extracted to split the corresponding leaf node into the BT structure.
  • SPS Sequence Parameter Set
  • PPS Picture Parameter Set
  • the decoder 310 determines the current block (current block) to be decoded by splitting the tree structure, the decoder 310 extracts information about a prediction type indicating whether the current block is intra predicted or inter predicted.
  • the decoder 310 extracts a syntax element for intra prediction information (eg, intra prediction mode, information on a reference pixel, etc.) of the current block.
  • a syntax element for intra prediction information eg, intra prediction mode, information on a reference pixel, etc.
  • the decoder 310 extracts a syntax element for inter prediction information (eg, inter prediction mode).
  • the decoder 310 extracts information on the quantized transform coefficients of the current block as information on the residual signal.
  • the inverse quantizer 320 inversely quantizes the quantized transform coefficients, and the inverse transformer 330 inversely transforms the inverse quantized transform coefficients from the frequency domain to the spatial domain to generate a residual block for the current block. .
  • the predictor 340 includes an intra predictor 342 and an inter predictor 344.
  • the intra predictor 342 is activated when the intra prediction is the prediction type of the current block
  • the inter predictor 344 is activated when the intra prediction is the prediction type of the current block.
  • the intra prediction unit 342 determines the intra prediction mode of the current block among the plurality of intra prediction modes from the syntax elements for the intra prediction mode extracted from the decoder 310, and references the reference pixels around the current block according to the intra prediction mode. Predict the current block using In addition, the intra predictor 342 may set a value of a reference pixel to be used for intra prediction from a syntax element for the reference pixel extracted from the decoder 310.
  • the inter prediction unit 344 determines motion information of the current block using a syntax element of the inter prediction mode extracted from the decoder 310, and predicts the current block using the determined motion information.
  • the adder 350 reconstructs the current block by adding the residual block output from the inverse transformer 330 and the prediction block output from the inter predictor 344 or the intra predictor 342.
  • the pixels in the reconstructed current block are utilized as reference pixels in intra prediction of a block to be subsequently decoded.
  • the filter unit 360 deblocks and filters the boundary between the reconstructed blocks in order to remove blocking artifacts caused by block-by-block decoding, and stores them in the memory 370.
  • the reconstructed picture is used as a reference picture for inter prediction of a block in a picture to be decoded later.
  • the apparatus 400 may include a first neighboring pixel setting unit 410, a neighboring pixel prediction unit 420, and a current pixel prediction unit 430, and may be implemented in the inter prediction unit 344 of FIG. 3.
  • the components shown in FIG. 4 may be implemented as a hardware chip, or may be implemented in software and such that the microprocessor executes the functions of the software corresponding to each component.
  • FIG. 5 is an exemplary diagram for describing a planar prediction mode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the planar prediction mode proposed in the present invention predicts the current pixel 510 by performing double interpolation in the vertical and horizontal directions of the current pixel 510 as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B.
  • the present invention first sets the value of the adjacent pixel (BR, hereinafter referred to as 'first adjacent pixel') located at the lower right corner of the current block 500, and based on this value, The lower neighboring pixels and the right neighboring pixels of 500 are predicted.
  • the first adjacent pixel value is the value of the adjacent pixel (TR, hereinafter referred to as 'second adjacent pixel') located at the upper right corner, and the adjacent pixel (BL, hereinafter referred to as 'third adjacent pixel') located at the lower left corner. It can be set using a value of).
  • the value of the right adjacent pixel 512 of the current block 500 is set equal to the value of the second adjacent pixel located at the upper right corner. It is set to a value obtained by interpolation using the value of the second neighboring pixel TR and the value of the first neighboring pixel BR.
  • the lower side of the current block 500 is conventionally referred to.
  • the value of the adjacent pixel 516 is set to be the same as the value of the third adjacent pixel located at the lower left corner, but in this embodiment, the value of the third adjacent pixel BL and the value of the first adjacent pixel BR are used. It is set to the value obtained by interpolation.
  • a process of obtaining the values of the right adjacent pixel 512 and the lower neighboring pixel 516 of the current block 500 may be represented by Equation 1.
  • H means the height of the current block
  • W means the width of the current block
  • P (W, y) means the value of the adjacent pixel 512 adjacent to the right boundary of the current block
  • P (x, H) means the value of the adjacent pixel 516 adjacent to the lower boundary of the current block
  • P (W, H) means the value of the first adjacent pixel BR.
  • Pixels denoted as R are reference pixels of the current block
  • R (W, -1) denotes the value of the second adjacent pixel TR
  • R (-1, H) denotes the value of the third adjacent pixel BL.
  • the first prediction value of the current pixel 510 is generated by a value interpolated in the horizontal direction using the value of the left adjacent pixel 514 and the right adjacent pixel 512 of the current block 500.
  • the second prediction value of the current pixel 510 is generated by a value interpolated in the vertical direction by using the value of the lower neighboring pixel 516 and the upper neighboring pixel 518 of the current block 500.
  • the first prediction value and the second prediction value of the current pixel 510 may be expressed by Equation 2 when obtained by using linear interpolation.
  • P 1 (x, y) means the first predicted value of the position (x, y) interpolated in the horizontal direction
  • P 2 (x, y) means the first predicted value of the position (x, y) interpolated in the vertical direction.
  • 2 means a predicted value.
  • H means the height of the current block
  • W means the width of the current block.
  • R (x, -1) means the value of the upper neighboring pixel
  • R (-1, y) means the value of the left neighboring pixel.
  • the final prediction value of the current pixel 510 according to the present embodiment is determined using the first prediction value and the second prediction value. For example, in the case of using the average of the first prediction value and the second prediction value, this is expressed by Equation 3 below.
  • P 1 (x, y) means the first predicted value of the position (x, y) interpolated in the horizontal direction
  • P 2 (x, y) means the first predicted value of the position (x, y) interpolated in the vertical direction.
  • 2 means a predicted value
  • P f (x, y) means the final predicted value of the (x, y) coordinates according to the present embodiment. Equation 3 is an example, and a method of calculating the final prediction value using the first prediction value and the second prediction value is not limited thereto.
  • a weighted average of the first prediction value and the second prediction value may be used.
  • the reference pixel R that is, the left and upper neighboring pixels of the current block
  • the neighboring pixel P that is, the right and lower neighboring pixels of the current block
  • a method of varying weight based on the position of the first predicted value predicted horizontally and the second predicted value predicted vertically is also possible. This is expressed as an equation (4).
  • P 1 (x, y) means the first predicted value of the position (x, y) interpolated in the horizontal direction
  • P 2 (x, y) means the first predicted value of the position (x, y) interpolated in the vertical direction.
  • 2 means a predicted value.
  • P f (x, y) means the final predicted value of the (x, y) coordinates according to the present embodiment.
  • the vertical distance (y + 1) and the horizontal distance (x + 1) are used as weights. As the value of y in the vertical direction increases and the value of x in the horizontal direction, the final prediction value in each direction moves away from the reference pixel R and approaches the adjacent pixel P, so that the two weights are equal to the first prediction value and the second prediction value.
  • the first weight applied to the first prediction value is determined by the distance from the upper reference pixel located in the same column as the current pixel to the current pixel, and the second weight applied to the second prediction value is located on the left in the same row as the current pixel. It is determined by the distance from the reference pixel to the current pixel.
  • the ranges of x and y are (0 to W-1) and (0 to H-1), respectively, so that the same calculation as in Equation 3 is performed when (x, y) is (0, 0).
  • the final predicted value is obtained by giving a greater weight to the predicted value closer to the reference pixel R among the first predicted value and the second predicted value.
  • the first neighboring pixel setting unit 410 sets the value of the first neighboring pixel BR by using the information indicating the first neighboring pixel BR of the current block decoded from the bitstream by the decoder 310. Can be. Alternatively, the first neighboring pixel setting unit 410 may set the value of the first neighboring pixel BR based on the reference pixels of the current block.
  • the neighboring pixel prediction unit 420 may determine the value of the lower neighboring pixel of the current block by interpolation using the value of the first neighboring pixel BR, the value of the second neighboring pixel TR, and the value of the third neighboring pixel BL.
  • the neighboring pixel predictor 420 determines the value of the right neighboring pixel by interpolation using the value of the first neighboring pixel BR and the value of the second neighboring pixel TR, and determines the first neighboring pixel BR.
  • the value of the lower adjacent pixel is determined by interpolation using the value of) and the value of the third adjacent pixel BL.
  • the current pixel prediction unit 430 determines the prediction value of the current pixel in the current block by interpolation using the value of the left neighboring pixel, the upper neighboring pixel, the lower neighboring pixel, and the right neighboring pixel of the current block. Specifically, the current pixel prediction unit 430 determines the first prediction value of the current pixel by interpolation using the value of the left neighboring pixel and the value of the right neighboring pixel, and uses the value of the upper neighboring pixel and the value of the lower neighboring pixel. The second prediction value of the current pixel is determined by interpolation. The current pixel prediction unit 430 determines a final prediction value by using the first prediction value and the second prediction value of the current pixel.
  • the left neighboring pixels and the upper neighboring pixels are pixels that have already been reconstructed by prediction and reconstruction as reference pixels of the current block.
  • An important issue in the method of planar prediction mode of this embodiment is how to set the value of the first adjacent pixel BR located at the lower right corner of the current block.
  • the value of the first neighboring pixel BR is calculated by the same operation as the encoding apparatus using other neighboring pixels and / or neighboring pixels in the decoding apparatus, or for the value of the first neighboring pixel BR determined by the encoding apparatus.
  • Information may be transmitted to the decoding device.
  • the present embodiment may not obtain an improved effect when the residual data reduced according to the planar prediction of the present embodiment is smaller than the data of the first adjacent pixel BR transmitted. Therefore, it is very important to efficiently transmit the value of the first adjacent pixel BR.
  • FIGS. 6 to 8 are exemplary diagrams of a planar prediction mode using information indicating a first neighboring pixel BR decoded from a bitstream according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the information indicating the first adjacent pixel BR includes information indicating a position of a pixel having a value most similar to the original value of the first adjacent pixel BR and the original value of the first adjacent pixel BR.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates an embodiment in which the image encoding apparatus directly transmits information about a value of the first adjacent pixel BR to the image decoding apparatus.
  • the image decoding apparatus decodes a syntax element (eg, br_value ) indicating a value of the first neighboring pixel BR from the bitstream and decodes a value indicated by the corresponding syntax element in the first neighboring pixel BR. It can be set to the value of).
  • a syntax element eg, br_value
  • FIG. 7 illustrates an embodiment in which the image encoding apparatus transmits information about a position of a pixel having a value most similar to the original value of the first adjacent pixel BR to the image decoding apparatus.
  • the information about the position of the reference pixel having the value most similar to the original value of the first adjacent pixel BR may be represented by a one-dimensional index.
  • the image decoding apparatus decodes a syntax element (for example, br_idx ) indicating information about a position of a reference pixel from the bitstream to determine a value of a reference pixel at a position indicated by the corresponding syntax element. It may be set to the value of the pixel BR.
  • a syntax element for example, br_idx
  • the br_idx syntax element indicates the position of a pixel having a value most similar to the original value of the first neighboring pixel BR as a one-dimensional offset by setting the position of one pixel among the reference pixels of the current block as (0, 0). can do.
  • the one-dimensional offset is set by setting any one of the pixel TL, the second adjacent pixel TR, and the third adjacent pixel BL positioned at the upper left corner of the current block as (0, 0). Can be determined. 7 illustrates a case where the position of the pixel TL is set to (0, 0).
  • the apparatus for encoding an image may transmit a syntax element (eg, br_direction ) indicating a reference direction so that the apparatus for decoding an image may determine the reference direction horizontally or vertically by decoding the syntax element.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates another embodiment in which the image encoding apparatus transmits information about a position of a pixel having a value most similar to the original value of the first adjacent pixel BR to the image decoding apparatus.
  • the information about the position of the neighboring pixel and / or the adjacent pixel having the value most similar to the original value of the first neighboring pixel BR may be expressed as a two-dimensional vector.
  • the image decoding device further comprises: a flat prediction mode is selected if, syntax elements indicating the information on the location of the pixels having similar values: decoding (for example, u_br, v_br) from the bit stream of the peripheral pixels of the location indicated by the corresponding syntax element The value may be set to the value of the first adjacent pixel BR.
  • the u_br and v_br syntax elements are two-dimensional offsets of the position of the pixel having the value most similar to the original value of the first adjacent pixel BR, with the position of one pixel among the reference pixels of the current block as (0, 0). Can be indicated.
  • a two-dimensional offset is set by setting any one of the pixel TL, the second adjacent pixel TR, and the third adjacent pixel BL positioned at the upper left corner of the current block as (0, 0).
  • Can be determined. 8 illustrates a case where the position of the pixel TL is set to (0, 0).
  • FIGS. 9 through 11 are exemplary views of planar prediction mode using a value calculated based on neighboring pixels and / or neighboring pixels of a current block according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates a first neighboring pixel based on an amount of change of values of neighboring pixels and neighboring pixels reconstructed without separately receiving information on a value of a first neighboring pixel from the image encoding apparatus.
  • An embodiment of a method of interpolating a value of (BR) is shown.
  • the apparatus for decoding an image may be arranged on the same straight line as a reference pixel (eg, TR, TL, BL) or a value of a neighboring pixel of the current block located on a straight line in at least one specific direction extending from the first adjacent pixel BR.
  • the first neighboring pixel (BR) prediction value in the corresponding direction is calculated by summing change amounts with the values of neighboring pixels which are already restored.
  • a value of the first adjacent pixel BR is set as an average of the first neighboring pixel BR predicted values from each direction.
  • the specific direction may be at least one of a horizontal direction, a vertical direction, and a diagonal direction from the first adjacent pixel BR
  • the reference pixel may include the adjacent pixel TL and the second adjacent pixel located at the upper left corner of the current block. TR) and at least one of the third adjacent pixels BL.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates a case of interpolating values of the first neighboring pixel BR based on the amount of change in each direction of three reference pixels TR, TL, and BL located at the edge of the current block.
  • the amount of change between the value of the second adjacent pixel TR located on a straight line in the vertical direction of the first adjacent pixel BR and the value of the neighboring pixel 910 which has already been restored is added to the value of the second adjacent pixel TR to add the first change. 1
  • the vertical prediction value of the adjacent pixel BR is calculated.
  • the amount of change between the value of the adjacent pixel TL positioned on the diagonal line of the first adjacent pixel BR and the value of the neighboring pixel 920 already restored is added to the value of the peripheral pixel TL to add the first adjacent pixel ( Calculate the diagonal prediction value of BR).
  • the amount of change between the value of the third adjacent pixel BL positioned on the horizontal straight line of the first adjacent pixel BR and the value of the neighboring pixel 930 that is already restored is added to the value of the third adjacent pixel BL.
  • the horizontal prediction value of the first adjacent pixel BR is calculated.
  • the value of the first adjacent pixel BR is generated as an average of the predicted values of the second adjacent pixel BR calculated from the adjacent pixels TR, TL, and BL.
  • Equation 5 according to the interpolation method of the first adjacent pixel BR proposed in the present embodiment is shown in Equation 5 below.
  • H means the height of the current block
  • W means the width of the current block.
  • P (W, H) means the value of the first adjacent pixel BR
  • R (-1, -1) means the value of the adjacent pixel TL located at the upper left corner of the current block
  • R ( W and -1 mean a value of the second adjacent pixel TR
  • R (-1, H) means a value of the third adjacent pixel BL.
  • R (-1-W, -1-H), R (W, -1-H), and R (-1-W, H) are the values of the neighboring pixels that have already been restored, separated by the size of the current block in each direction. it means.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates an example of calculating an interpolation value of the first adjacent pixel BR according to the planar prediction mode of FIG. 9.
  • the value of the second adjacent pixel TR is 50
  • the value of the reconstructed peripheral pixel 1010 at a position vertically away from the second adjacent pixel TR is 60
  • the value of the upper left corner pixel TL is 71
  • the left side is 85
  • the value of the reconstructed peripheral pixel 1020 at a position diagonally away from the upper edge pixel TL is 85
  • the value of the third adjacent pixel BL is 50
  • the value of the position is horizontally separated from the third adjacent pixel BL. It is assumed that the value of the restored peripheral pixel 1030 is 60.
  • the interpolation value of the first adjacent pixel BR reflecting the amount of change in the pixel value in each direction is calculated as 46.
  • the amount of change is calculated based on the distance between blocks, but the method of calculating the amount of change is not limited thereto, and various methods such as the distance between pixels may be used.
  • weights may be added to each pixel value used in the interpolation process.
  • Equation 6 the equation in the case where the weight is added to the values of the reference pixels TL, TR, and BL in which each change amount is corrected is expressed by Equation 6.
  • Each weight is determined in the same manner by the image encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus according to the characteristics of the image, and is not limited to a specific method.
  • FIG. 11 shows a value of a first neighboring pixel BR based on an average value or a weighted average value of reference pixels of a current block without separately receiving information about the value of the first neighboring pixel BR from the image encoding apparatus.
  • An embodiment of a setting method is shown. Examples of the first adjacent pixel value BR calculated according to the present embodiment are as follows.
  • TR is the adjacent pixel located at the upper right corner of the current block (ie, the second adjacent pixel)
  • BL is the adjacent pixel located at the lower left corner (ie, the third adjacent pixel)
  • TL is left It means the adjacent pixel located in the upper corner.
  • TR ⁇ x means pixels located in the left and right directions with respect to TR
  • BL ⁇ y means pixels located in the up and down direction with respect to BL.
  • TR + 1 means a pixel in contact with the right side of TR and TR + 2 means a pixel in contact with the right side of TR + 1.
  • Methods of calculating a value of the first neighboring pixel BR are not limited to the above five examples, and may include various methods of calculating using reference pixels of the current block.
  • the value of the first adjacent pixel BR is calculated by the same method in the image encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus.
  • the image encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus may set the same value of the first neighboring pixel BR by using an equation such as Equation (7).
  • H means the height of the current block
  • W means the width of the current block.
  • P (W, H) means the value of the first adjacent pixel BR
  • R (W, -1) means the value of the second adjacent pixel TR
  • R (-1, H) is the zero It means the value of 3 adjacent pixels BL.
  • R (W-1, -1), R (W-2, -1), R (W + 1, -1) and R (W + 2, -1) are adjacent pixels of the second adjacent pixel TR
  • R (-1, H-1), R (-1, H-2), R (-1, H + 1) and R (-1, H + 2) are the third adjacent pixels BL ) Means adjacent pixels.
  • the image encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus may set the same value of the first neighboring pixel BR by using an equation such as Equation (8).
  • H means the height of the current block
  • W means the width of the current block
  • P (W, H) means the value of the first adjacent pixel BR
  • R (W, -1) means the value of the second adjacent pixel TR
  • R (-1, H) is the zero It means the value of 3 adjacent pixels BL.
  • Each weight is determined by the same method as the image encoding apparatus and the decoding apparatus according to the characteristics of the image. For example, c w may use the width of the current block and c h may use the height of the current block as a weight.
  • the apparatus for encoding an image selects a candidate value having a value most similar to the original value of the first neighboring pixel BR among candidate values of the plurality of predefined first neighboring pixels BR, and is selected.
  • Information indicating a may be transmitted to the image decoding apparatus.
  • the image decoding apparatus decodes information indicating one of the candidate values of the plurality of first adjacent pixels BR from the bitstream, and determines the candidate value of the first adjacent pixel BR indicated by the decoded information. Can be set to a value of (BR).
  • the br_idx syntax element may be used as information indicating a candidate value of the first adjacent pixel BR. Table 1 shows an example of candidate values of br_idx and the first adjacent pixel BR.
  • br_idx Associated candidate 0 Average value of TR and BL One Average of TR, TR + 1, BL, BL + 1 values 2 Average of TR, TR-1, TR + 1, BL, BL-1, BL + 1 values 3 Average value of TR, TR + 1, TR + 2, BL, BL + 1, BL + 2 values
  • the image decoding apparatus When the image encoding apparatus transmits the selected br_idx value to the image decoding apparatus, the image decoding apparatus obtains a candidate value corresponding to the transmitted br_idx and sets it to the value of the first neighboring pixel BR. For example, when the value of br_idx decoded from the bitstream by the image decoding apparatus is 1, the average value of the values of TR, TR + 1, BL, and BL + 1 may be obtained and set as the value of the first adjacent pixel BR. have.
  • the apparatus for encoding an image may predict the first neighboring pixel BR based on the original value of the first neighboring pixel BR and values of reference pixels (eg, TL, TR, BL, etc.).
  • the difference value of can be transmitted.
  • the difference value can be transmitted via the br_residual syntax element.
  • the image decoding apparatus may additionally transmit code information about the difference value in addition to the difference value.
  • the image decoding apparatus decodes information ( br_residual syntax element) representing a difference value between the original value of the first neighboring pixel BR and the predicted value of the first neighboring pixel BR from the bitstream, and obtains the same method as the image encoding apparatus.
  • a value that compensates for the decoded difference value in the predicted value of one first adjacent pixel BR may be set as the value of the first adjacent pixel BR.
  • the image decoding apparatus may separately decode code information about the difference value, and set a value compensated for the decoded code information as a value of the first adjacent pixel BR.
  • the predicted value of the first adjacent pixel BR may be obtained by the method described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 11, but is not necessarily limited thereto.
  • the value of the reconstructed second neighboring pixel TR is 55
  • the value of the reconstructed third neighboring pixel BL is 45
  • the original value of the first neighboring pixel BR is 60.
  • the average value 50 of the values of the second adjacent pixel TR and the third adjacent pixel BL is generated as the predicted value of the first adjacent pixel BR, and then the original value of the first adjacent pixel BR is generated.
  • the difference value 10 between 60 and the predicted value 50 is transmitted.
  • the image encoding apparatus additionally transmits code information (+/ ⁇ ) of the difference value 10.
  • the image decoding apparatus generates the predicted value of the first neighboring pixel BR in the same manner, adds the transmitted difference value 10, compensates the transmitted sign (+/ ⁇ ), and compensates the first neighboring pixel BR. Can produce a value of 60.
  • the predicted value of the first adjacent pixel BR may be set to a reconstructed pixel value of a specific position instead of the calculated value.
  • FIGS. 12 to 15 are exemplary diagrams of a planar prediction mode in a 360 image according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • a method of setting a value of the first adjacent pixel BR for an image of a special format such as a 360 image will be described.
  • the current block is located on the first surface to be decoded from the 360 image encoded into the 2D image.
  • FIG. 12 (a) shows the result of projecting a 360 image in an equirectangular format.
  • One of the features of the square projection format is that the left and right boundaries of an image abut each other.
  • the values of the reconstructed pixels 1210 adjacent to the left boundary of the image are used as the values of the adjacent pixels 1220 adjacent to the right boundary of the image.
  • the value of the first adjacent pixel BR for the adjacent block may be determined.
  • the image decoding apparatus contacts the right boundary of the current block based on the 360 image and identifies the already decoded block.
  • the image decoding apparatus sets a value of a pixel in contact with the first adjacent pixel BR based on a 360 image among the pixels 1210 in the block adjacent to the left boundary of the identified block to the value of the first adjacent pixel BR. do.
  • the image decoding apparatus may set at least some of the pixels 1210 in the block adjacent to the left boundary of the identified block as part of the reference pixels 1220 of the current block.
  • FIG. 13 illustrates a case where a right boundary of the current block coincides with a right boundary of a 2D image in which a 360 image is projected in a square format.
  • the value of the first adjacent pixels BR and 1300 of the current block is in contact with the right boundary of the current block with respect to the 360 image and the value of the pixel in contact with the first adjacent pixels BR. 1300 among the decoded pixels 1210. Is set.
  • the values of the adjacent pixels 1220 on the right side of the current block are also adjacent to the right boundary of the current block on the basis of 360 images using the characteristics of the square format, and the values of the adjacent pixels 1210 on the left boundary of the already decoded block. Can be set. In this case, it is not necessary to interpolate using the first adjacent pixel BR and the second adjacent pixel TR.
  • FIG. 14 shows a 2D image of a non-compact layout without changing the layout
  • FIG. 14 shows a compact layout in which a layout is changed to a rectangular shape without spaces by rearranging faces.
  • the layout is shown. Top, Bottom, Front, Back, Right, Left represent each projection face when 360 images are projected onto the cube. The boundaries of each plane are adjacent to each other based on the 360 image.
  • each adjacent relationship in the 360 image is represented by a figure. For example, in a non-compact layout, the left border of the front plane is in contact with the right border of the left plane in a 360 image.
  • the image decoding apparatus may determine the first surface (based on 360 images). A second face 1520 that is in contact with the right boundary of 1510 and has already been decrypted is identified. The image decoding apparatus may determine a value of a pixel in contact with the first adjacent pixel BR in the 360 image among the pixels in the second surface 1520 that is in contact with the left boundary of the second surface 1520. Set to. Also, the image decoding apparatus may set at least some of the pixels 1522 in the second surface 1520 adjacent to the left boundary of the second surface 1520 as at least some of the right adjacent pixels 1512 of the current block.
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a method of setting values of neighboring pixels adjacent to a current block according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the value P (W) of the right adjacent pixels adjacent to the current block is shown.
  • , y) and the values P (x, H) of lower neighboring pixels adjacent to the current block can be set.
  • P (W, y) may be set to the value of each of the reconstructed pixels positioned on the upper right side including the second adjacent pixel TR among the reference pixels of the current block.
  • P (x, H) may be set to the value of each of the reconstructed pixels located at the lower left side including the third adjacent pixel BL among the reference pixels of the current block.
  • FIGS. 17 and 18 are flowchart illustrating an intra prediction prediction method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the image decoding apparatus decodes information indicating the first adjacent pixel located at the lower right corner of the current block from the bitstream and sets a value of the first adjacent pixel BR (S1710).
  • the method according to the aforementioned various embodiments may be applied to the method of setting the value of the first adjacent pixel BR.
  • the information indicating the first adjacent pixel BR may be information indicating a position of a pixel having a value most similar to the original value of the first adjacent pixel BR.
  • the pixel value at the position indicated by the information indicating the position of the pixel having the most similar value among the reference pixels of the current block may be set as the value of the first adjacent pixel BR.
  • the information indicating the position of the pixel is based on the position of any one of adjacent pixels TL located at the upper left corner of the current block, adjacent pixels TR located at the upper right corner, and adjacent pixels BL located at the lower right corner. To indicate the position of the pixel.
  • the apparatus for decoding an image decodes information indicating one of candidate values of a plurality of first neighboring pixels BR configured as an average value or a weighted average value of the reference pixels of the current block from the bitstream, and the decoded information is indicated.
  • the candidate value of one first adjacent pixel BR may be set to the value of the first adjacent pixel BR.
  • the candidate value of one first adjacent pixel indicated by the decoded information is the value most similar to the original value of the first adjacent pixel BR among the candidate values of the plurality of first adjacent pixels BR. It may mean.
  • the image decoding apparatus determines the value of the first neighboring pixel BR, the value of the second neighboring pixel TR located at the upper right corner of the current block, and the lower left of the current block.
  • the interpolation using the value of the third neighboring pixel BL located at the corner is obtained to obtain the predicted value of the lower neighboring pixel and the predicted value of the right neighboring pixel in step S1720.
  • the predicted value of the right neighboring pixel is obtained by interpolation using the value of the first neighboring pixel BR and the value of the second neighboring pixel TR, and the predicted value of the lower neighboring pixel is obtained from the first neighboring pixel BR.
  • Value is obtained by interpolation using the value and the value of the third adjacent pixel BL.
  • the left adjacent pixel and the right adjacent pixel may be positioned in the same row as the current pixel, and the upper adjacent pixel and the lower adjacent pixel may be positioned in the same column as the current pixel.
  • the image decoding apparatus obtains the predicted value of the current pixel in the current block by interpolation using the value of the left neighboring pixel of the current block, the upper neighboring pixel of the current block, the predicted value of the lower neighboring pixel, and the predicted value of the right neighboring pixel. (S1730). Specifically, the image decoding apparatus obtains a first prediction value of the current pixel by interpolation using the value of the left neighboring pixel and the predicted value of the right neighboring pixel, and currently interpolates using the value of the upper neighboring pixel and the prediction value of the lower neighboring pixel. Obtain a second predicted value of the pixel. The final prediction value of the current pixel is obtained using the first prediction value and the second prediction value. For example, the final prediction value may be an average value of the first prediction value and the second prediction value.
  • FIG. 18 is a flowchart illustrating an intra prediction prediction method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the image decoding apparatus sets the value of the first adjacent pixel BR located at the lower right corner of the current block based on the reference pixels of the current block (S1810).
  • the value of the first adjacent pixel BR may be directly calculated by the image decoding apparatus in the same manner as that used by the image encoding apparatus.
  • the method of calculating a value of the first adjacent pixel BR may include methods according to the aforementioned various embodiments.
  • the image decoding apparatus may have already been restored on the same straight line to the value of the reference pixel or the adjacent pixel of the current block located on the straight line in at least one specific direction extending from the first adjacent pixel BR.
  • the first neighboring pixel BR prediction value in the corresponding direction is calculated by summing the amount of change with the value of the pixel, and the value of the first neighboring pixel BR is set as an average or a weighted average of the first neighboring pixel BR prediction values. Can be.
  • the specific direction may be at least one of a linear direction, a vertical direction, and a diagonal direction from the first adjacent pixel BR
  • the reference pixel of the current block may include a peripheral pixel located at the upper left corner of the current block, a second adjacent pixel ( TR) and at least one of the third adjacent pixels BL.
  • the apparatus for decoding an image may set the average value or weighted average value of the reference pixels of the current block to the value of the first adjacent pixel BR.
  • the apparatus for decoding an image may determine the prediction value of the first neighboring pixel BR based on the reference pixels of the current block, and indicate the difference value between the original value and the prediction value of the first neighboring pixel BR from the bitstream. The value of the first neighboring pixel BR may be determined by decoding the sum and adding the decoded difference value to the directly determined prediction value.
  • FIGS. 17 and 18 are described as sequentially executing each process, but is not necessarily limited thereto. In other words, since the process described in FIGS. 17 and 18 may be applied by changing the process or executing one or more processes in parallel, FIGS. 17 and 18 are not limited to the time series order.
  • the image encoding or decoding method according to the present embodiment described in FIGS. 17 and 18 may be implemented in a computer program and recorded on a computer-readable recording medium.
  • a computer program for recording an image encoding or decoding method according to the present embodiment and a computer readable recording medium include all kinds of recording devices that store data that can be read by a computing system.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne le codage ou le décodage d'images en vue d'améliorer la précision de prédiction en prédiction intra. Un aspect de la présente invention concerne un procédé de décodage d'images comportant les étapes consistant à: décoder des informations, qui indiquent un premier pixel adjacent situé au bord inférieur droit d'un bloc courant issu d'un flux binaire, de façon à régler la valeur du premier pixel adjacent; acquérir la valeur d'un pixel adjacent inférieur et la valeur d'un pixel adjacent droit du bloc courant par une interpolation utilisant la valeur du premier pixel adjacent, la valeur d'un second pixel adjacent situé au bord supérieur droit du bloc courant et la valeur d'un troisième pixel adjacent situé au bord inférieur gauche du bloc courant; et acquérir la valeur de prédiction d'un pixel courant du bloc courant par une interpolation utilisant la valeur d'un pixel gauche adjacent du bloc courant, la valeur d'un pixel adjacent supérieur du bloc courant, la valeur du pixel adjacent inférieur et la valeur du pixel adjacent droit.
PCT/KR2018/005596 2017-05-18 2018-05-16 Procédé et dispositif de codage ou de décodage en prédiction intra WO2018212582A1 (fr)

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