WO2018205965A1 - 小区切换方法、终端、基站设备和通信系统 - Google Patents

小区切换方法、终端、基站设备和通信系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018205965A1
WO2018205965A1 PCT/CN2018/086268 CN2018086268W WO2018205965A1 WO 2018205965 A1 WO2018205965 A1 WO 2018205965A1 CN 2018086268 W CN2018086268 W CN 2018086268W WO 2018205965 A1 WO2018205965 A1 WO 2018205965A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
base station
terminal
cell
target
handover
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PCT/CN2018/086268
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘亚林
樊波
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2018205965A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018205965A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0083—Determination of parameters used for hand-off, e.g. generation or modification of neighbour cell lists
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/08—Reselecting an access point
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/14—Reselecting a network or an air interface
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
    • H04W36/30—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data
    • H04W36/302—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data due to low signal strength

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and more particularly to a cell handover method, a terminal, a base station device, and a communication system.
  • the terminal reports the signal measurement information to the base station of the current cell, and the base station sends a cell handover command to the terminal according to the signal measurement information, and the terminal switches to the neighboring cell according to the cell handover command.
  • the terminal when the terminal is located at the cell edge, the quality of the radio link between the cell and the current cell is generally poor, and the cell handover command may be lost, that is, the terminal may not receive the cell handover command sent by the base station of the current cell. This causes the switch to fail.
  • the present application provides a cell handover method, a terminal, a base station device, and a communication system, which are intended to improve the probability of success when a terminal performs cell handover.
  • the first aspect provides a cell handover method, where the method includes: determining, by a terminal, whether a handover condition is met by a current cell to a target cell, where the handover condition includes a radio link failure, and the terminal is located at the current location.
  • the base station of the cell fails to send the uplink data for a preset number of times, and the failure rate of the terminal sending the uplink data to the base station of the current cell in the preset time period is higher than a preset threshold, and the signal strength of the target cell is higher than the foregoing At least one of signal strengths of cells currently located by the terminal; when the handover condition is met, the terminal sends an access request to the target base station, where the target base station is a base station of the target cell.
  • the handover condition of the terminal at the time of cell handover is more comprehensive, and the problem in the actual communication scenario can be more effectively dealt with, and the probability of handover failure is reduced. For example, if the terminal only uses the signal strength of the target cell to be higher than the signal strength of the cell currently in the terminal as the only handover condition, the terminal may still exist if the signal strength of the current cell of the terminal is sufficiently good. In the case where the quality of the uplink channel is poor and the information transmission failure rate is high, the terminal also needs to perform cell handover.
  • the terminal sends the uplink data to the source base station for a preset number of times, and the failure rate of the terminal sending the uplink data to the source base station within a preset duration is higher than a preset threshold. It can further reflect the communication status between the terminal and the base station more comprehensively.
  • the method further includes: the terminal receiving, by the base station of the current cell, triggering, by the terminal, whether the terminal starts determining whether the content is satisfied.
  • the information of the switching condition After determining that there is a cell that allows handover, or after determining that the terminal needs to prepare for handover, the source base station sends information to the terminal for triggering the terminal to start determining whether the handover condition is met, and informing the terminal to start determining the handover condition, so that the terminal
  • the determination of the handover condition is not initiated when there is no cell that allows handover, which reduces the burden on the terminal and reduces the power consumption of the terminal.
  • the method further includes: receiving, by the terminal, a base station of the currently located cell And the indication information, where the indication information indicates the resource allocated by the target base station to the terminal for accessing the target cell; and the terminal sending the access request to the target base station includes: the terminal according to the target The resource allocated by the base station sends an access request to the target base station.
  • a second aspect provides a cell handover method, where the method includes: after receiving the cell measurement information sent by the terminal, the source base station sends a handover preparation request to the base station of each candidate cell; and the source base station receives the handover preparation prepared by the target base station.
  • a confirmation information the target base station is a base station of the target cell, and the target cell is an candidate cell that allows the terminal to switch in the each candidate cell; after receiving the handover preparation confirmation information, the source base station
  • the terminal sends information for triggering the terminal to start determining whether the handover condition of the current cell to the target cell is met; the handover condition includes that the radio link fails, and the terminal sends the preset sequence to the source base station for a preset number of times.
  • the uplink data fails, the failure rate of the terminal sending the uplink data to the source base station within a preset duration is higher than a preset threshold, and the signal strength of the target cell is higher than the signal strength of the cell currently located by the terminal. .
  • the source base station sends a handover condition for triggering the terminal to start determining whether the current cell is to be switched to the target cell.
  • the information informs the terminal that the determination of the handover condition can be started, so that the terminal does not initiate the determination of the handover condition when there is no cell that allows handover, thereby reducing the burden on the terminal.
  • the handover condition of the terminal at the time of cell handover is more comprehensive, and the problem in the actual communication scenario can be more effectively dealt with, and the probability of handover failure is reduced.
  • the information used to trigger the terminal to start determining whether the handover condition of the current cell to the target cell is met includes: And indicating indication information allocated by the target base station to the terminal for accessing resources of the target cell.
  • the method further includes: the source base station successfully accessing the terminal After the handover, information about the resources allocated for the release of the terminal is sent to each of the target base stations other than the base station where the cell that the terminal successfully accesses or switches. Therefore, after the terminal completes the access or handover, the resources of other target cells are released in time, thereby effectively avoiding waste of resources of other target cells.
  • the method further includes: the source base station receiving the location sent by the terminal After the cell measurement information is described or after the handover preparation request is sent to the target base station, timing is started; when the timing reaches the first preset duration, if the source base station has not received any indication that the terminal successfully accesses Or switching to the message of the target cell, the source base station sending information to all the target base stations to indicate release of resources allocated for the terminal.
  • the source base station performs timing. If the terminal does not successfully access within the preset time period, the source base station can notify each target base station to release the resources allocated for the terminal in each target cell, and release the target cells in time. Resources effectively avoid waste of resources in each target cell.
  • the source base station sends timing information to the target base station; And instructing the target base station to wait for a second preset duration of resources allocated for the terminal.
  • the timing information is sent to the target base station, so that the target base station can self-time and release the resources, and the source base station is not required to notify the release of resources.
  • a cell handover method includes: after receiving the cell measurement information sent by the terminal, the source base station sends a handover preparation request to the base station of the candidate cell; and the source base station receives the handover preparation confirmation information fed back by the target base station.
  • the target base station is a base station of the target cell, where the target cell is an candidate cell that allows the terminal to switch in the each candidate cell; after the terminal base station successfully accesses or switches, the source base station sends the terminal to the terminal
  • Each of the target base stations other than the base station where the cell that successfully accesses or switches is located transmits information indicating that the resources allocated for the terminal are released. Therefore, after the terminal completes the access or the handover, the resources of the target cell of the unsuccessful access terminal or the handover terminal are released in time, and the resource waste of the target cell that is not successfully accessed or switched is effectively avoided.
  • the method further includes: after receiving the cell measurement information sent by the terminal, or sending the information to the target base station, the source base station Start timing after the handover preparation request; when the timing duration reaches the first preset duration, if the source base station has not received any message indicating that the terminal successfully accesses or switches to the target cell, the source base station All of the target base stations send information indicating the release of resources allocated for the terminal.
  • the source base station performs timing. If the terminal does not successfully access within the preset time period, the source base station can notify each target base station to release the resources allocated for the terminal in each target cell, and release the target cells in time. Resources effectively avoid waste of resources in each target cell.
  • the method further includes: the source base station sending the timing information to the target base station;
  • the timing information indicates that the target base station waits to release a second preset duration of resources allocated for the terminal.
  • the timing information is sent to the target base station, so that the target base station can self-time and release the resources, and the source base station is not required to notify the release of resources.
  • the method further includes: reaching a first pre-time in a timing period If the terminal is not successfully accessing or switching to any target cell in the timing phase, the source base station resends the handover preparation request to the base station of the candidate cell; wherein the first preset duration is satisfied, The timing termination time coincides with the timing information or the timing indicated by the timing information.
  • the foregoing third aspect, the first possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the second possible implementation manner of the third aspect, and the third possible implementation manner of the third aspect may be used as one Independent programs can be executed separately or in combination with each other.
  • a cell handover method includes: receiving, by a target base station, information that is sent by a source base station to release a resource allocated to the terminal; and the target base station releases a resource allocated to the terminal.
  • the method further includes: the target base station allocates resources for the terminal; the target base station starts timing; and when the timing duration reaches the second preset duration And if the target base station does not receive the access request sent by the terminal in the timing phase, the target base station releases the resource allocated for the terminal.
  • the method further includes: receiving, by the target base station, a timing sent by the source base station Information, the timing information indicating the second preset duration.
  • the foregoing fourth aspect, the first possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect, and the second possible implementation manner of the fourth aspect may be performed separately as a separate solution, or may be performed in combination with each other.
  • a fifth aspect provides a terminal, where the terminal includes a processor and a transceiver, where the processor is configured to determine whether a handover condition of the current cell to the target cell is met, where the handover condition includes a radio link failure.
  • the terminal fails to send the uplink data to the base station of the current cell, and the failure rate of the terminal sending the uplink data to the base station of the current cell is higher than the preset threshold, and the signal strength of the target cell is high. At least one of signal strengths of the cell in which the terminal is currently located; the transceiver is configured to send an access request to the target base station when the handover condition is met, where the target base station is a base station of the target cell.
  • the terminal makes the handover condition of the terminal in the cell handover more comprehensive, and can better cope with the problem in the actual communication scenario and reduce the probability of handover failure. For example, if the terminal only uses the signal strength of the target cell to be higher than the signal strength of the cell currently in the terminal as the only handover condition, the terminal may still exist if the signal strength of the current cell of the terminal is sufficiently good. In the case where the quality of the uplink channel is poor and the information transmission failure rate is high, the terminal also needs to perform cell handover.
  • the terminal sends the uplink data to the source base station for a preset number of times, and the failure rate of the terminal sending the uplink data to the source base station within a preset duration is higher than a preset threshold. It can further reflect the communication status between the terminal and the base station more comprehensively.
  • a base station device includes a processor and a transceiver; the transceiver is configured to receive cell measurement information sent by the terminal; and the processor is configured to receive the cell at the transceiver After the measurement information, the transceiver is controlled to send a handover preparation request to the base station of each candidate cell; the transceiver is further configured to receive handover preparation confirmation information fed back by the target base station, where the target base station is a base station of the target cell, The target cell is an alternate cell in the each candidate cell that allows the terminal to switch; the processor is further configured to: after the transceiver receives the handover preparation acknowledgement information, control the transceiver to send to the terminal The first information is used to trigger the terminal to start determining whether the handover condition of the current cell to the target cell is met; the handover condition includes that the radio link fails, and the terminal sends the uplink to the base station device for a preset preset number of times.
  • the failure rate of the terminal sending the uplink data to the base station device within a preset duration is higher than a preset threshold, and the destination is Cell is higher than the signal strength of the current signal strength of the at least one terminal located in a cell.
  • a base station device configured to: after receiving the cell measurement information sent by the terminal, control the transceiver to send a handover preparation request to the base station of the candidate cell;
  • the transceiver is further configured to receive handover preparation confirmation information fed back by the target base station, where the target base station is a base station of a target cell, where the target cell is an candidate cell in the each candidate cell that allows terminal handover;
  • the device is further configured to: after the terminal successfully accesses or switch, the control transceiver sends, to the other target base stations other than the base station where the cell that the terminal successfully accesses or switches, is used to indicate that the release is allocated to the terminal. Information about the resources.
  • the processor is further configured to: after receiving the cell measurement information sent by the terminal, or after sending the information to the target base station Start timing after switching the preparation request; when the timing duration reaches the first preset duration, if the transceiver has not received any message indicating that the terminal successfully accesses or switches to the target cell, the transceiver also uses Information for indicating release of resources allocated for the terminal is transmitted to all of the target base stations.
  • a base station device includes a processor and a transceiver; the transceiver is configured to receive information sent by the source base station indicating that the resource allocated to the terminal is released; and the processor is configured to release the terminal Allocated resources.
  • the processor is further configured to allocate resources to the terminal; the processor is further configured to start timing; and when the timing duration reaches a second preset duration And if the transceiver does not receive the access request sent by the terminal during the timing phase, the processor releases the resource allocated for the terminal.
  • a communication system comprising the terminal and base station device described in the above aspects.
  • a computer readable storage medium storing computer software instructions for use by the terminal, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the above aspects The method described.
  • a computer readable storage medium storing computer software instructions for use by the base station device, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the above aspects Said method.
  • FIG. 1 is an exemplary schematic diagram of a communication system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an exemplary flowchart of a cell handover method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is another exemplary flowchart of a cell handover method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is still another exemplary flowchart of a cell handover method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is still another exemplary flowchart of a cell handover method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an exemplary hardware structure of a terminal according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary hardware structure of a base station device according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention described below can be applied to a communication system.
  • the communication system can include at least one base station and terminal devices in communication with at least one of the base stations, and the base stations can also communicate.
  • the base station may be a BTS (Base Transceiver Station) in a GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) or CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) network, or may be WCDMA (Wideband).
  • the NB (NodeB) in the Code Division Multiple Access (LTE) may also be an eNB or an eNodeB (Evolutional NodeB) in LTE (Long Term Evolution), or may be a base station in a future 5G network. Base stations and the like in future communication systems.
  • the terminal may be a UE (User Equipment), an access terminal, a subscriber unit, a subscriber station, a mobile station, a mobile station, a remote station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a user terminal, a terminal, a wireless communication device, a user agent, or a user.
  • the access terminal may be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) phone, a WLL (Wireless Local Loop) station, a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), and a wireless communication.
  • FIG. 1 is an example of the communication system, and the communication system shown in FIG. 1 includes three base stations and one terminal. Each base station includes at least one cell. For example, the present invention is described by taking each base station as three cells as an example.
  • the base station of the cell in which the terminal is currently located is referred to as a source base station.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a cell handover method. As shown in FIG. 2, in the first embodiment of the cell handover method, the method includes:
  • S100 The terminal performs signal measurement on the current cell and the neighboring cell.
  • the terminal can measure the signal strength of the reference signal, and can also measure the signal strength of the synchronization signal.
  • the terminal reports measurement information to the source base station.
  • the source base station is a base station of a cell where the terminal is currently located.
  • the terminal may periodically perform signal measurement on the current cell and the neighboring cell and report the measurement information.
  • the trigger event may be defined in advance.
  • the terminal performs signal measurement on the current cell and the neighboring cell and reports the measurement information.
  • the triggering event may be that the terminal detects that the current cell signal strength is close to the adjacent cell signal strength.
  • the base station of the current cell may be triggered.
  • the terminal may be triggered to perform signal measurement and reporting.
  • Measurement information can take two forms:
  • the measurement information includes a signal measurement result of the current cell and a signal measurement result of the neighboring cell. Specifically, the correspondence between the current cell identifier and the current cell signal measurement result, and the correspondence between the neighbor cell identifier and the neighbor cell signal measurement result may be included.
  • the signal measurement can be signal strength, for example, the signal strength measured for the reference signal or the signal strength measured for the synchronization signal.
  • the terminal may also report the signal measurement result of the current cell and the signal measurement result of the neighboring cell to the source base station.
  • the terminal can determine whether it is about to be switched according to the measurement result, and report the measurement information to the source base station when the terminal determines that the handover is about to be performed.
  • the terminal may further determine, according to the signal measurement result of the current cell and the signal measurement result of the neighboring cell, a cell that may be allowed to be handed over in each neighboring cell, where the measurement information includes an identifier of each cell that may be allowed to be handed over, or
  • the measurement information includes indication information indicating each of the cells that may allow handover.
  • the terminal may calculate a difference between the measured signal strength of the currently located cell and the signal strength of each neighboring cell (the difference may be a positive number, a zero or a negative number), and find that each of the calculated differences is less than a preset threshold.
  • the difference between the preset thresholds may be a positive number, and the found neighboring cells corresponding to the respective differences are determined as cells that may allow handover.
  • the terminal may further find the maximum first N signal strengths in the measured signal strengths of the neighboring cells when the uplink data fails to be transmitted for a preset number of times, and correspondingly find the N signal strengths.
  • the neighboring cell is determined to be a cell that may allow handover.
  • N can be greater than or equal to one.
  • N can be set according to actual needs, and is not limited here.
  • the cells that may be allowed to handover may include cells that belong to the source base station.
  • each cell other than the cell belonging to the source base station among the cells that may be allowed to be handed over is referred to as a candidate cell.
  • a cell belonging to a source base station among cells that may be allowed to handover is referred to as an alternate intra-cell.
  • the source base station receives measurement information.
  • the source base station determines an candidate cell in each neighboring cell according to the measurement information.
  • the source base station may adopt the same manner in the same manner as the above-mentioned terminal determines the cell that may be allowed to be handed over.
  • a cell that may be allowed to be handed over is determined in the neighboring cell, and details are not described herein again.
  • the manner in which the terminal determines the candidate cell according to the number of consecutive failures of transmitting the uplink data is different.
  • the source base station sends the downlink data to the terminal for a preset number of consecutive failures, the maximum signal strength of each neighboring cell is found.
  • the first N signal strengths, and the identified neighboring cells corresponding to the N signal strengths are determined as cells that may allow handover. Further, the source base station determines, among the cells that may be allowed to handover, each cell other than the cell belonging to the source base station as the candidate cell.
  • the source base station may also determine a cell belonging to the source base station among the cells that may be allowed to handover as the candidate intra-station cell.
  • the source base station may directly remove the cell that may allow handover.
  • Each cell other than the cell belonging to the source base station is determined as the candidate cell.
  • the source base station may also determine a cell belonging to the source base station among the cells that may be allowed to handover as the candidate intra-station cell.
  • the following embodiments describe the candidate cells first, and then describe the cells in the candidate stations.
  • the source base station sends a handover preparation request to the base station of each candidate cell.
  • the handover preparation request indicates that the terminal may be about to switch to the candidate cell, and the base station of the candidate cell needs to allocate resources for accessing the candidate cell to the terminal.
  • each base station manages multiple cells (for example, three), and the handover preparation request may further indicate which cell under the base station the candidate cell that the terminal may soon need to handover, for example, the handover preparation request The identity of each candidate cell may be indicated.
  • the base station of each candidate cell receives the handover preparation request sent by the source base station, and determines whether the terminal is allowed to switch to the candidate cell corresponding to the handover preparation request.
  • the base station of each candidate cell may determine whether to allow the terminal to switch to the candidate cell according to the current load of the candidate cell corresponding to the handover preparation request.
  • the base station of each candidate cell may further determine whether to allow the terminal to switch to the candidate cell according to the radio resource utilization situation of the candidate cell, the load of each network element, the QOS condition of the existing session, and the QoS requirement of the newly applied radio resource. .
  • target cell an candidate cell in each candidate cell that allows terminal handover
  • target base station a base station in which the target cell is located
  • the target base station allocates resources for accessing the target cell to the terminal.
  • the resources allocated by the target base station to the terminal include time-frequency resources.
  • the terminal can use the time-frequency resource to send random access signaling.
  • the resources allocated by the target base station to the terminal may further include a preamble index and the like.
  • the target base station feeds back the handover preparation confirmation information to the source base station.
  • the handover preparation confirmation information informs the source base station to allow the terminal to switch.
  • the handover preparation acknowledgement information may indicate an alternate cell that is allowed to handover, ie, a target cell.
  • the handover preparation acknowledgement message may carry the identity of the target cell.
  • the handover preparation confirmation information may further include information indicating a resource allocated by the target base station for the terminal to access the target cell.
  • the target base station may additionally indicate, by a separate message, the resource allocated by the target base station to the terminal for accessing the target cell.
  • the base station of the candidate cell that does not allow the terminal to switch may feed back the corresponding indication information to the source base station to inform the source base station that the candidate cell does not allow the handover; or may not feed back the indication information.
  • the source base station receives handover preparation confirmation information fed back by the target base station.
  • the source base station may further receive information that is returned by the target base station and indicates that the target base station allocates resources for accessing the target cell.
  • the source base station learns the resources allocated by the target base station to the terminal for accessing the target cell.
  • the source base station may send, to the terminal, information for triggering the terminal to start determining whether the handover condition is met.
  • the information for triggering the terminal to start determining whether the handover condition of the current cell to the target cell is switched includes: indicating that the target base station allocates for the terminal for accessing The indication information of the resource of the target cell. After receiving the foregoing indication information, the terminal starts to determine whether the handover condition is satisfied.
  • the information used to trigger the terminal to start determining whether the handover condition of the current cell to the target cell is switched may include, for example, 1 bit of indication information (other embodiments may also be Multiple bits).
  • the terminal After receiving the above 1-bit indication information, the terminal starts to determine whether the handover condition is satisfied.
  • the information for triggering the terminal to start determining whether the handover condition of the currently located cell to the target cell is changed may include, for example, the above-mentioned 1-bit indication information, and may further include indicating the target base station.
  • the terminal receives information sent by the source base station to trigger the terminal to start determining whether the handover condition is met.
  • the terminal may determine, according to the information used to trigger the terminal to start determining whether the handover condition is met, the resource allocated by the target base station to the terminal for accessing the target cell.
  • the overhead of the control channel is saved.
  • the terminal may receive the indication information sent by the source base station in addition to the information sent by the source base station for triggering the terminal to start determining whether the handover condition is met.
  • the terminal may determine, according to the indication information, a resource allocated by the target base station to the terminal for accessing the target cell.
  • step S111 After receiving the information for triggering the terminal to start determining whether the switching condition is satisfied, the terminal starts to execute step S111.
  • the source base station after determining the cell that is allowed to be handed over, the source base station sends, to the terminal, information for triggering the terminal to start determining whether the handover condition is met, and informing the terminal that the determining of the handover condition may be initiated, so that the terminal does not have permission.
  • the burden and power consumption of the terminal are reduced.
  • step S111 the terminal determines whether the handover condition of the current cell to the target cell is met, where the handover condition includes a radio link failure (RLF, Radio Link Failure), and the terminal sends the uplink to the source base station for a preset preset number of times.
  • the data fails, the failure rate of the terminal transmitting the uplink data to the source base station within a preset duration is higher than a preset threshold, and the signal strength of the target cell is higher than the signal strength of the cell currently located by the terminal. .
  • the terminal determines that the switching condition is satisfied.
  • the handover condition of the terminal in the cell handover is more comprehensive, and the problem in the actual communication scenario can be more effectively met, and the probability of handover failure is reduced. For example, if the terminal only uses the signal strength of the target cell to be higher than the signal strength of the cell currently in the terminal as the only handover condition, the terminal may still exist if the signal strength of the current cell of the terminal is sufficiently good. In the case where the quality of the uplink channel is poor and the information transmission failure rate is high, the terminal also needs to perform cell handover.
  • the terminal sends the uplink data to the source base station for a preset number of times, and the failure rate of the terminal sending the uplink data to the source base station within a preset duration is higher than a preset threshold. It can further reflect the communication status between the terminal and the base station more comprehensively.
  • the preset number of times may be set to 3 times, 4 times, etc., and may be set according to actual needs, which is not limited herein. Taking 3 times as an example, when the terminal fails to send uplink data to the source base station three times in succession, it is considered that the handover condition is satisfied.
  • the preset duration and the preset threshold may also be flexibly set according to actual needs, which is not limited herein.
  • the failure rate may be a ratio between the number of times the terminal fails to send uplink data to the source base station and the total number of times the terminal sends uplink data to the source base station within a preset duration.
  • Step S112 when the handover condition is met, the terminal sends an access request to the target base station.
  • the terminal may select a target cell with the best quality and send an access request for the target cell.
  • the terminal sends an access request to the target base station according to the resource allocated by the target base station.
  • the terminal completes initial access of the target cell by using resources allocated by the target base station.
  • the target base station where the target cell that completes the initial access may feed back a message indicating that the terminal successfully accesses the source base station.
  • the terminal may also feed back the message to the source base station.
  • the source base station After receiving the message indicating that the terminal successfully accesses, the source base station sends information such as the user context to the target base station, and then the source base station releases information such as the user context.
  • the target base station receives information such as the user context, so that the terminal completes the cell handover.
  • the terminal or the target base station where the target cell that completes the handover may send a message indicating that the terminal successfully switches to the source base station.
  • the source base station may determine whether to allow the terminal to switch to the candidate station according to the current load of the cell in the candidate station. Community. The source base station may further determine whether to allow the terminal to switch to the radio resource utilization situation of the candidate cell, the load of each network element, the quality of service (QoS) of the existing session, and the QoS requirement of the newly applied radio resource.
  • the candidate station cell may be determined whether to allow the terminal to switch to the radio resource utilization situation of the candidate cell, the load of each network element, the quality of service (QoS) of the existing session, and the QoS requirement of the newly applied radio resource.
  • An intra-terminal cell that allows terminal handover in a cell in each candidate station may be referred to as a target intra-cell cell.
  • the source base station may allocate resources for accessing the cells in the target station to the terminal.
  • For the resource reference may be made to the foregoing resources for accessing the target cell, and details are not described herein again.
  • the terminal successfully accesses or switches to one of the target cells or any one of the target intra-cells the access is not
  • the resources allocated by the target cell of the terminal and the cell in the target station for the terminal should be released in time, otherwise the resource will be wasted.
  • the source base station After the terminal base station successfully accesses or switches, the source base station sends, to the other target base stations other than the base station where the cell that the terminal successfully accesses or switches, is configured to release the resources allocated for the terminal. information.
  • the source base station if the cell that the terminal successfully accesses or switches is the cell in the target station, the source base station does not need other indication information to indicate that the terminal successfully accesses or switches, and the source base station can directly determine that the terminal successfully accesses or switches.
  • the source base station may receive, by the terminal or the target base station, the terminal to successfully access or switch to the target cell. Message. After receiving the message, the source base station can determine that the terminal successfully accesses or switches.
  • the source base station automatically releases the resource allocated to the terminal for accessing the cell in the target station that is not accessed by the terminal.
  • the source base station may also send information indicating the release of resources allocated for the terminal to each of the other target base stations. After receiving the information, the target base station releases the resources allocated for the terminal.
  • the source base station may automatically release the resource allocated to the terminal for accessing the cell in the target station, and the target base station releases the resource allocated to the target cell for the terminal.
  • the target base station may directly release the resources allocated for the terminal to communicate with the target cell C2.
  • Embodiment 2 when the target base station is at least two, the method further includes:
  • Step S113 after receiving the message indicating that the terminal successfully accesses or switches to the target cell, the source base station sends each target other than the target base station of the target cell that the terminal successfully accesses or switches to.
  • the base station transmits information indicating that the resources allocated for the terminal are released.
  • Step S114 The target base station receives information indicating that the resource allocated by the source base station is released for the terminal, and releases the resource allocated for the terminal.
  • the target base station that is successfully accessed or switched by the terminal may send a message to the source base station indicating that the terminal successfully accesses or switches to the target cell.
  • the terminal may further send the message indicating that the terminal successfully accesses or switches to the target cell to the source base station.
  • the target cell that allows handover includes C1 and C2, C1 belongs to the target base station B1, and C3 belongs to the target base station B2. If the terminal successfully accesses or switches to one of the target cells, such as C1, the source base station can notify the target base station B2 to release the resources allocated for the C3 communication for the terminal, so that other targets can be released in time after the terminal completes the access or handover.
  • the resources of the cell effectively avoid the waste of resources of other target cells.
  • Embodiment 3 as shown in FIG. 4, the method further includes:
  • step S115 the source base station starts timing; it can be understood that the timing of starting timing shown in FIG. 4 is only an example, and the execution timing of step S115 may also be other timings after step S101.
  • Step S116 when the timing reaches the first preset duration, if the source base station has not received any message indicating that the terminal successfully accesses or switches to the target cell, the source base station sends all the targets to the target. The base station transmits information indicating that the resources allocated for the terminal are released. In addition, when the timing duration reaches the first preset duration, the source base station also automatically releases the resources allocated for the terminal for accessing the cells in the target station.
  • the terminal may not always satisfy the handover condition, and therefore, the terminal may have failed to perform the step S112. It is also possible that the terminal satisfies the handover condition, that is, the terminal performs the step S112, but the terminal fails to successfully complete the access or handover.
  • the source base station may start timing after sending the handover preparation request to the target base station; or the source base station may start timing after waiting for a certain period of time after sending the handover preparation request to the target base station. At this time, the duration that the source base station waits may be equal to the duration of the target base station receiving and parsing the handover preparation request. Alternatively, the source base station may start timing after receiving the measurement information reported by the terminal.
  • the first preset duration can be set according to actual needs, and is not limited herein.
  • the first preset duration is sufficient for the terminal to complete the access or handover time.
  • the source base station performs timing. If the terminal does not successfully access within the preset time period, the source base station can notify each target base station to release the resources allocated for the terminal in each target cell in time, and release each target in time. The resources of the cell effectively avoid the waste of resources of each target cell. And the source base station can also release the resources allocated for the terminal to access the cells in the target station, thereby effectively avoiding resource waste of the cells in the target station.
  • Embodiment 4 as shown in FIG. 5, the method further includes:
  • Step S117 The source base station sends timing information to the target base station; the timing information indicates that the target base station waits to release a second preset duration of resources allocated to the terminal. It can be understood that the timing at which the source base station shown in FIG. 5 transmits timing information to each target base station is only an example.
  • the handover preparation request carries the timing information, or the timing information may also be transmitted independently of the handover preparation request.
  • Step S118 the target base station starts timing after receiving the timing information, or starts timing after the target base station sends the handover preparation confirmation information to the source base station, or the target base station may start timing at other times;
  • the duration is long, if the terminal fails to successfully access or switch to the target cell under the target base station in the timing phase, the target base station releases the resources allocated for the terminal.
  • the terminal may not always satisfy the handover condition, and therefore, the terminal may have failed to perform the step S112. It is also possible that the terminal satisfies the handover condition, that is, the terminal performs the step S112, but the terminal fails to successfully complete the access or handover. As shown in FIG. 5, the terminal does not successfully access or switch to the two target base stations in FIG. 5 during the timing phase, and therefore both base stations perform step S118.
  • the target base station by transmitting the timing information to the target base station, the target base station can self-time and release the resources, and the source base station is not required to notify the user to release the resources.
  • the timing of the source base station and the target base station may be synchronized.
  • the first preset duration and the second preset duration may be the same or different, as long as the time at which the source base station and the target base station terminate timing are the same.
  • the source base station can transmit timing information in the Nth frame.
  • the source base station can start timing in the Nth frame, and the first preset duration is assumed to be 10 frames, and the target base station completes the parsing of the timing information in the N+4 frame, and starts timing in the N+4 frame.
  • the second preset duration is assumed to be 6 frames, and both the source base station and the target base station complete timing in the 10th frame.
  • the source base station can start timing in the N+4 frame, and the first preset duration and the second preset duration are both 6 frames, and both the source base station and the target base station complete timing in the 10th frame.
  • the source base station may start the process of controlling the terminal to switch the cell in the next time (such as restarting the measurement information of the receiving terminal and re-determining the target base station), and the target base station may also release the resource at the same time. The validity of the source base station and the target base station is effectively guaranteed.
  • the source base station in each of the above embodiments can also serve as the target base station of other handover procedures.
  • the target base station in each of the above embodiments may also serve as a source base station for other handover procedures.
  • Embodiment 5 different from Embodiment 4, the source base station does not need to send timing information to the target base station, and the target base station can determine the timing duration by itself, and the target base station can start timing after allocating resources, and if the timing time arrives, if found If the terminal is still not connected, release the resources by itself. Therefore, the source base station does not need to send any information, and the target base station can release resources by itself, thereby reducing the burden on the source base station.
  • the present invention also provides a terminal 100, which can be the terminal described in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the terminal 100 includes a processor 110 and a transceiver 120, and the processor 110 is connected to the transceiver 120.
  • the terminal 100 further includes a memory 130.
  • the memory 130 is connected to the processor 110 and the transceiver 120, respectively.
  • the terminal 100 further includes a bus system 140.
  • the processor 110, the transceiver 120 and the memory 130 can be connected by a bus system 140.
  • the memory 140 can be used to store instructions for executing instructions stored by the memory 140 to control the transceiver 120 to receive and transmit signals; the memory 140 can also be used to cache the processor 110 during execution of instructions Generated data.
  • the processor 110 is configured to determine whether the handover condition of the current cell to the target cell is met, where the handover condition includes the radio link failure, and the terminal 100 sends the uplink data to the base station of the current cell for a preset preset number of times. If the failure occurs, the failure rate of the terminal 100 transmitting the uplink data to the base station of the current cell in the preset time period is higher than a preset threshold, and the signal strength of the target cell is higher than the signal strength of the current cell of the terminal 100.
  • the handover condition includes the radio link failure
  • the transceiver 120 is configured to send an access request to a target base station when the handover condition is met, where the target base station is a base station of the target cell.
  • the terminal 100 shown in FIG. 6 performs steps S100, S101, S110, S111, and S112 in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the processor 110 performs steps S100 and S111 in the method embodiment.
  • the transceiver 120 performs step S101, step S110, and step S112 in the method embodiment.
  • the handover condition of the terminal 100 during cell handover is more comprehensive, and the problem in the actual communication scenario can be more effectively dealt with, and the probability of handover failure is reduced. For example, if the terminal 100 only uses the signal strength of the target cell to be higher than the signal strength of the cell in which the terminal 100 is currently located as the only handover condition, it may occur that the signal strength of the cell in which the terminal 100 is currently located is sufficiently good. There may still be cases where the uplink channel quality is poor and the information transmission failure rate is high. At this time, the terminal 100 also needs to perform cell handover.
  • the terminal 100 fails to send the uplink data to the source base station for a preset number of times, and the failure rate of the terminal 100 sending the uplink data to the source base station within a preset duration is higher than a preset threshold. Conditions can further reflect the communication status between the terminal 100 and the base station more comprehensively.
  • the present invention also provides a base station apparatus 200.
  • the base station device 200 includes a processor 210 and a transceiver 220, and the processor 210 is connected to the transceiver 220.
  • the base station device 200 further includes a memory 230.
  • the memory 230 is connected to the processor 210 and the transceiver 220, respectively.
  • the base station device 200 further includes a bus system 240.
  • the processor 210, the transceiver 220 and the memory 230 can be connected by a bus system 240.
  • the memory 240 can be used to store instructions for executing the instructions stored by the memory 240 to control the transceiver 220 to receive and transmit signals; the memory 240 can also be used to cache the processor 210 during execution of the instructions. Generated data.
  • the transceiver 220 is configured to receive cell measurement information sent by the terminal 100.
  • the processor 210 is configured to, after the transceiver 220 receives the cell measurement information, control the transceiver 220 to send a handover preparation request to a base station of each candidate cell;
  • the transceiver 220 is further configured to receive handover preparation confirmation information that is sent by the target base station, where the target base station is a base station of the target cell, and the target cell is an candidate cell in the each candidate cell that allows the terminal to switch;
  • the processor 210 is further configured to: after the transceiver 220 receives the handover preparation confirmation information, control the transceiver 220 to send the terminal 100 to trigger the terminal to start determining whether the current cell is satisfied to the target. Information of the handover condition of the cell handover;
  • the switching condition includes that the radio link fails, the terminal fails to send the uplink data to the base station device 200 for a preset preset number of times, and the failure rate of the terminal sending the uplink data to the base station device 200 within a preset duration is higher than a preset threshold,
  • the signal strength of the target cell is higher than at least one of the signal strengths of the cell in which the terminal is currently located.
  • the determination of the handover condition is not initiated when it is not necessary to perform the cell handover, which reduces the burden on the terminal.
  • the handover condition of the terminal at the time of cell handover is more comprehensive, and the problem in the actual communication scenario can be more effectively dealt with, and the probability of handover failure is reduced.
  • the processor 210 is further configured to: after the terminal 100 successfully accesses or switches, control the base station where the transceiver 220 successfully accesses or switches to the terminal 100.
  • Each of the other target base stations transmits information indicating the release of resources allocated for the terminal 100. Therefore, after the terminal completes the access or the handover, the resources of the target cell that is not accessed or switched by the terminal are released in time, thereby effectively avoiding waste of resources of the target cell.
  • the processor 210 is further configured to: after the transceiver 220 receives the cell measurement information sent by the terminal 100 or after the transceiver 220 sends the handover preparation to the target base station After the request, the start timer starts timing; when the timing reaches the first preset duration, if the transceiver 220 has not received any message indicating that the terminal 100 successfully accesses or switches to the target cell, then The processor 210 is further configured to control the transceiver 220 to send information to all the target base stations to indicate release of resources allocated for the terminal.
  • the base station device 200 performs timing. If the terminal does not successfully access within the preset time period, the base station device 200 can notify each target base station to release the resources allocated for the terminal in each target cell, and release each target in time. The resources of the cell effectively avoid the waste of resources of each target cell.
  • the transceiver 220 is further configured to send timing information to the target base station; the timing information indicates that the target base station waits to release a second preset duration of resources allocated for the terminal.
  • the timing information is sent to the target base station, so that the target base station can self-time and release the resources, and the source base station is not required to notify the release of resources.
  • steps S102, S103, S104, S108, S109, S113, S115, S116, and S117 in the foregoing method embodiment are performed.
  • the processor 210 performs steps S103 and S115 in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the transceiver 220 performs steps S102, S104, S108, S109, S113, S116 and S117 in the above method embodiment.
  • the transceiver 220 is configured to receive, by the source base station, information indicating that the resource allocated to the terminal is released;
  • the processor 210 is configured to release resources allocated for the terminal.
  • the processor 210 is further configured to allocate resources to the terminal; the processor 210 is further configured to start timing; and when the timing duration reaches the second preset duration, if the transceiver 220 is not received in the timing phase The processor 210 releases the resource allocated for the terminal by using the access request sent by the terminal.
  • steps S105, S106, S107, S114, and S118 in the foregoing method embodiment are performed.
  • the processor 210 performs the step of determining whether to allow the terminal to switch in step S105 in the foregoing method embodiment, the step of releasing the resources allocated to the terminal in steps S106 and S114, and the timing step in S118.
  • the transceiver 220 performs the steps of receiving the handover preparation request in step S105 in the foregoing method embodiment, the step of receiving the information indicating the release of the resource allocated to the terminal in steps S107 and S114, and the step of releasing the resource in S118.
  • the present invention also provides a communication system including the terminal 100 and the base station device 200 described in the above embodiments.
  • a communication system including the terminal 100 and the base station device 200 described in the above embodiments.
  • the above embodiments it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof.
  • software it may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer program instructions When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in accordance with embodiments of the present invention are generated in whole or in part.
  • the computer can be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device.
  • the computer instructions can be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transferred from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions can be from a website site, computer, server or data center Transfer to another website site, computer, server, or data center by wire (eg, coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless (eg, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • the computer readable storage medium can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, or the like that includes one or more available media.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (eg, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (eg, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (such as a solid state disk (SSD)).

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种小区切换方法、终端、基站设备和通信系统，该方法包括：终端判断是否满足由当前所在小区向目标小区切换的切换条件，其中，切换条件包括无线链路失败、终端向源基站连续预设次数发送上行数据均失败、终端向源基站在预设时长内发送上行数据的失败率高于预设阈值、目标小区的信号强度高于终端当前所在小区的信号强度中的至少一种；在满足切换条件时，终端向目标基站发送接入请求，目标基站为目标小区的基站。本发明通过设置多种切换条件，使得终端在小区切换时的切换条件更加全面，能够更加全面的反映终端与基站之间的通信状况，更能应对实际通信场景中的问题，提高终端进行小区切换时的成功概率。

Description

小区切换方法、终端、基站设备和通信系统
本申请要求于2017年5月10日提交中国专利局、申请号为201710326023.5、名称为“小区切换方法、终端、基站设备和通信系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及通信领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种小区切换方法、终端、基站设备和通信系统。
背景技术
在无线通信系统中，终端向当前所在小区的基站上报信号测量信息，由基站根据该信号测量信息向终端发送小区切换命令，终端根据该小区切换命令切换到相邻小区。然而，在终端位于小区边缘时，与当前所在小区之间的无线链路质量一般较差，导致小区切换命令有可能丢失，即可能导致终端不能接收到当前所在小区的基站发送的小区切换命令，从而导致切换失败。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本申请提供了一种小区切换方法、终端、基站设备和通信系统，旨在提高终端进行小区切换时的成功概率。
第一方面，提供了一种小区切换方法，该方法包括：终端判断是否满足由当前所在小区向目标小区切换的切换条件，其中，所述切换条件包括无线链路失败、终端向所述当前所在小区的基站连续预设次数发送上行数据均失败、终端向所述当前所在小区的基站在预设时长内发送上行数据的失败率高于预设阈值、所述目标小区的信号强度高于所述终端当前所在小区的信号强度中的至少一种；在满足所述切换条件时，所述终端向目标基站发送接入请求，所述目标基站为所述目标小区的基站。本方法中，通过设置多种切换条件，使得终端在小区切换时的切换条件更加全面，更能应对实际通信场景中的问题，降低切换失败的概率。例如，如果终端仅仅将所述目标小区的信号强度高于所述终端当前所在小区的信号强度作为唯一的切换条件，那么可能出现在终端当前所在小区的信号强度足够好的情况下，依然可能存在上行信道质量较差、信息发送失败率较高的情形，此时终端也需要进行小区切换。而无线链路失败、终端向所述源基站连续预设次数发送上行数据均失败、终端向所述源基站在预设时长内发送上行数据的失败率高于预设阈值这三个切换条件，能够进一步更加全面的反映终端与基站之间的通信状况。
根据第一方面，在所述小区切换方法的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述终端接收所述当前所在小区的基站发送的用于触发所述终端开始判断是否满足所述切换条件的信息。在确定有允许切换的小区后或者在确定终端有必要准备切换后，源基站向终端发送用于触发所述终端开始判断是否满足所述切换条件的信息，告知终端可以开始判断切换条件，使得终端不会在没有允许切换的小区时启动切换条件的判断，降低了终端的负担，降低了终端的功率消耗。
根据第一方面或第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在所述小区切换方法的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述终端接收所述当前所在小区的基站发送的指示信息，所述指示信息指示所述目标基站为所述终端分配的用于接入所述目标小区的资源；所述终端向目标基站发送接 入请求包括：所述终端根据所述目标基站分配的所述资源向所述目标基站发送接入请求。
第二方面，提供了一种小区切换方法，该方法包括：源基站在接收到终端发送的小区测量信息后，向各个备选小区的基站发送切换准备请求；源基站接收目标基站反馈的切换准备确认信息，所述目标基站为目标小区的基站，所述目标小区为所述各个备选小区中允许终端切换的备选小区；所述源基站在接收到所述切换准备确认信息后，向所述终端发送用于触发所述终端开始判断是否满足由当前所在小区向所述目标小区切换的切换条件的信息；所述切换条件包括无线链路失败、终端向所述源基站连续预设次数发送上行数据失败、终端向所述源基站在预设时长内发送上行数据的失败率高于预设阈值、所述目标小区的信号强度高于所述终端当前所在小区的信号强度中的至少一种。首先，源基站在确定有允许切换的小区后或者在确定终端有必要准备切换后，源基站向终端发送用于触发所述终端开始判断是否满足由当前所在小区向所述目标小区切换的切换条件的信息，告知终端可以开始判断切换条件，使得终端不会在没有允许切换的小区时启动切换条件的判断，降低了终端的负担。另外，通过设置多种切换条件，使得终端在小区切换时的切换条件更加全面，更能应对实际通信场景中的问题，降低切换失败的概率。
根据第二方面，在所述小区切换方法的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述用于触发所述终端开始判断是否满足由当前所在小区向所述目标小区切换的切换条件的信息包括：指示所述目标基站为所述终端分配的用于接入所述目标小区的资源的指示信息。
根据第二方面或第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在所述小区切换方法的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述源基站在所述终端成功接入或切换后，向所述终端成功接入或切换的小区所在的基站以外的其它各个所述目标基站发送用于指示释放为所述终端分配的资源的信息。从而能够在终端完成接入或切换后，及时释放其他目标小区的资源，有效的避免了其他目标小区的资源浪费。
根据第二方面，或以上第二方面的任意一种实现方式，在所述小区切换方法的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：所述源基站在接收到终端发送的所述小区测量信息后或者在向所述目标基站发送完所述切换准备请求后开始计时；在计时达到第一预设时长时，若所述源基站还未收到任何指示所述终端成功接入或切换到所述目标小区的消息，则所述源基站向所有所述目标基站发送用于指示释放为所述终端分配的资源的信息。本方法中，由源基站进行计时，若终端未在预设时长内接入成功，则源基站可以及时通知各个目标基站释放为终端分配的在各个目标小区通信的资源，及时释放各个目标小区的资源，有效的避免了各个目标小区的资源浪费。
根据第二方面，或以上第二方面的任意一种实现方式，在所述小区切换方法的第四种可能的实现方式中，所述源基站向所述目标基站发送定时信息；所述定时信息指示所述目标基站等待释放为所述终端分配的资源的第二预设时长。本方法中，通过将定时信息发送至目标基站，从而目标基站可以自行计时并释放资源，不需要源基站再另行通知其释放资源。
第三方面，提供一种小区切换方法，该方法包括：源基站在接收到终端发送的小区测量信息后，向备选小区的基站发送切换准备请求；源基站接收目标基站反馈的切换准备确认信息，所述目标基站为目标小区的基站，所述目标小区为所述各个备选小区中允许终端切换的备选小区；所述源基站在所述终端成功接入或切换后，向所述终端成功接入或切换的小区所在的基站以外的其它各个所述目标基站发送用于指示释放为所述终端分配的资源的信息。从而能够在终端完成接入或切换后，及时释放未成功接入终端或切换终端的目标小区的资源，有效的避免了未成功接入或切换终端的目标小区的资源浪费。
根据第三方面，在所述小区切换方法的第一种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：源基站在接收到终端发送的所述小区测量信息后或者在向所述目标基站发送完所述切换准备请求后开始计时；在计时时长达到第一预设时长时，若源基站还未收到任何指示所述终端成功接入或切换到所述目标小区的消息，则所述源基站向所有所述目标基站发送用于指示释放为所述终端分配的资源的信息。本方法中，由源基站进行计时，若终端未在预设时长内接入成功，则源基站可以及时通知各个目标基站释放为终端分配的在各个目标小区通信的资源，及时释放各个目标小区的资源，有效的避免了各个目标小区的资源浪费。
根据第三方面或第三方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在所述小区切换方法的第二种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：源基站向所述目标基站发送定时信息；所述定时信息指示所述目标基站等待释放为所述终端分配的资源的第二预设时长。本方法中，通过将定时信息发送至目标基站，从而目标基站可以自行计时并释放资源，不需要源基站再另行通知其释放资源。
根据第三方面或第三方面的第一种和第二种可能的实现方式，在所述小区切换方法的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：在计时时长达到第一预设时长时，若所述终端未在计时阶段成功接入或切换到任何目标小区，则所述源基站重新向备选小区的基站发送切换准备请求；其中，所述第一预设时长满足，计时终止时刻与所述定时信息或所述定时信息指示的时刻一致。
可以理解的是，上述第三方面、第三方面的第一种可能的实现方式、第三方面的第二种可能的实现方式以及第三方面的第三种可能的实现方式，均可以作为一个独立的方案单独执行，也可以相互结合执行。
第四方面，提供一种小区切换方法，该方法包括：目标基站接收源基站发送的指示释放为所述终端分配的资源的信息；所述目标基站释放为所述终端分配的资源。
根据第四方面，在所述小区切换方法的第一种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：所述目标基站为终端分配资源；目标基站开始计时；在计时时长达到第二预设时长时，若所述目标基站未在计时阶段接收到所述终端发送的接入请求，则所述目标基站释放为所述终端分配的资源。
根据第四方面或第三方面的第一种可能的实现方式，在所述小区切换方法的第二种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括，所述目标基站接收所述源基站发送的定时信息，所述定时信息指示所述第二预设时长。
可以理解的是，上述第四方面、第四方面的第一种可能的实现方式以及第四方面的第二种可能的实现方式，均可以作为一个独立的方案单独执行，也可以相互结合执行。
第五方面，提供了一种终端，该终端包括处理器和收发器，所述处理器用于判断是否满足由当前所在小区向目标小区切换的切换条件，其中，所述切换条件包括无线链路失败、终端向当前所在小区的基站连续预设次数发送上行数据均失败、终端向当前所在小区的基站在预设时长内发送上行数据的失败率高于预设阈值、所述目标小区的信号强度高于所述终端当前所在小区的信号强度中的至少一种；所述收发器用于在满足所述切换条件时，向目标基站发送接入请求，所述目标基站为所述目标小区的基站。该终端通过设置多种切换条件，使得终端在小区切换时的切换条件更加全面，更能应对实际通信场景中的问题，降低切换失败的概率。例如，如果终端仅仅将所述目标小区的信号强度高于所述终端当前所在小区的信号强度作为唯一的切换条件，那么可能出现在终端当前所在小区的信号强度足够好的情况下，依然可能存在上行信道质量较差、信息发送失败率较高的情形，此时终端也需要进行小区切换。而无线链路失败、终端向所述源基站连续预设次数发送上行数据均失败、终端向所述源基站在预设时长内发送上行数据的失败率高于预设阈值这三个切换条件，能够 进一步更加全面的反映终端与基站之间的通信状况。
第六方面，提供了一种基站设备，所述基站设备包括处理器和收发器；所述收发器用于接收终端发送的小区测量信息；所述处理器用于在所述收发器接收到所述小区测量信息后，控制所述收发器向各个备选小区的基站发送切换准备请求；所述收发器还用于接收目标基站反馈的切换准备确认信息，所述目标基站为目标小区的基站，所述目标小区为所述各个备选小区中允许终端切换的备选小区；所述处理器还用于在所述收发器接收到所述切换准备确认信息后，控制所述收发器向所述终端发送第一用于触发所述终端开始判断是否满足由当前所在小区向所述目标小区切换的切换条件的信息；所述切换条件包括无线链路失败、终端向所述基站设备连续预设次数发送上行数据失败、终端向所述基站设备在预设时长内发送上行数据的失败率高于预设阈值、所述目标小区的信号强度高于所述终端当前所在小区的信号强度中的至少一种。
第七方面，提供了一种基站设备，所述基站设备包括处理器和收发器；处理器用于在接收到终端发送的小区测量信息后，控制收发器向备选小区的基站发送切换准备请求；所述收发器还用于接收目标基站反馈的切换准备确认信息，所述目标基站为目标小区的基站，所述目标小区为所述各个备选小区中允许终端切换的备选小区；所述处理器还用于在所述终端成功接入或切换后，控制收发器向所述终端成功接入或切换的小区所在的基站以外的其它各个所述目标基站发送用于指示释放为所述终端分配的资源的信息。
根据第七方面，在所述基站设备的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理器还用于在接收到终端发送的所述小区测量信息后或者在向所述目标基站发送完所述切换准备请求后开始计时；在计时时长达到第一预设时长时，若收发器还未收到任何指示所述终端成功接入或切换到所述目标小区的消息，则所述收发器还用于向所有所述目标基站发送用于指示释放为所述终端分配的资源的信息。
可以理解的是，上述第七方面和第七方面的第一种可能的实现方式，均可以作为一个独立的方案单独执行，也可以相互结合执行。
第八方面，提供了一种基站设备，所述基站设备包括处理器和收发器；收发器用于接收源基站发送的指示释放为所述终端分配的资源的信息；处理器用于释放为所述终端分配的资源。
根据第八方面，在所述基站设备的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理器还用于为终端分配资源；处理器还用于开始计时；在计时时长达到第二预设时长时，若所述收发器未在计时阶段接收到所述终端发送的接入请求，则所述处理器释放为所述终端分配的资源。
可以理解的是，上述第八方面和第八方面的第一种可能的实现方式，均可以作为一个独立的方案单独执行，也可以相互结合执行。
本发明的又一方面，提供了一种通信系统，该系统包括上面方面所述的终端和基站设备。
本发明的又一方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有上述终端所用的计算机软件指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述各方面所述的方法。
本发明的又一方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有上述基站设备所用的计算机软件指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述各方面所述的方法。
附图说明
图1为依照本发明一实施例的通信系统的示范性示意图；
图2为依照本发明一实施例的小区切换方法的示范性流程图；
图3为依照本发明一实施例的小区切换方法的另一示范性流程图；
图4为依照本发明一实施例的小区切换方法的又一示范性流程图；
图5为依照本发明一实施例的小区切换方法的再一示范性流程图；
图6为依照本发明一实施例的终端的示范性硬件结构示意图；
图7为依照本发明一实施例的基站设备的一示范性硬件结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例的技术方案进行描述。
下文所描述的本发明实施例的技术方案可以应用于通信系统。该通信系统可以包括至少一个基站，和与至少一所述基站通信的终端设备，基站之间也可以通信。
基站可以是GSM(Global System for Mobile Communication，全球移动通信系统)或CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access，码分多址)网络中的BTS(Base Transceiver Station，基站收发信台)，也可以是WCDMA(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access，宽带码分多址)中的NB(NodeB)，还可以是LTE(Long Term Evolution，长期演进)中的eNB或eNodeB(Evolutional NodeB)，还可以是未来5G网络中的基站、未来通信系统中的基站等。
终端可以是UE(User Equipment，用户设备)、接入终端、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置等。接入终端可以是蜂窝电话、无绳电话、SIP(Session Initiation Protocol，会话启动协议)电话、WLL(Wireless Local Loop，无线本地环路)站、PDA(Personal Digital Assistant，个人数字处理)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备，未来5G网络中的终端等。
图1是该通信系统的一个例子，图1所示的通信系统包括三个基站和一个终端。每个基站包括至少一个小区。例如，本发明以每个基站包括三个小区为例进行描述。以下将终端当前所在小区的基站称为源基站。
本发明实施例提供一种小区切换方法，如图2所示，在所述小区切换方法的第一实施例中，该方法包括：
S100，终端对当前所在小区以及相邻小区进行信号测量。
终端可以对参考信号的信号强度进行测量，也可以对同步信号的信号强度进行测量。
S101，终端向源基站上报测量信息。源基站为终端当前所在小区的基站。
在一实施例中，终端可以周期性的对当前所在小区和相邻小区进行信号测量并上报测量信息。
在另一实施例中，还可以预先定义好触发事件，在触发事件满足时，则终端对当前所在小区和相邻小区进行信号测量并上报测量信息。触发事件可以为终端检测到当前小区信号强度接近相邻小区信号强度。
在另一实施例中，还可以由当前所在小区的基站触发，在当前所在小区的基站检测到与终端之间的通信质量不好时，则可以触发终端进行信号测量和上报。
测量信息可以有两种形式：
1、该测量信息包括当前所在小区的信号测量结果和相邻小区的信号测量结果。具体的，可以包括当前小区标识与当前小区信号测量结果的对应关系，以及相邻小区标识与相邻小区信号测量结果的对应关系。信号测量结果可以为信号强度，例如，可以为对参考信号测量的信号强度，也可以 是对同步信号测量的信号强度。
2、终端也可以不向源基站上报当前所在小区的信号测量结果和相邻小区的信号测量结果。终端可以自行根据测量结果，确定其是否即将需要进行切换，在终端确定即将需要进行切换时，向源基站上报测量信息。在终端即将接近小区边缘，或者接近某一条件时，则可认为该终端即将需要进行切换。该终端还可以根据当前所在小区的信号测量结果和相邻小区的信号测量结果，在各个相邻小区中确定出可能允许切换的小区，该测量信息包括各个可能允许切换的小区的标识，或者该测量信息包括用于指示各个可能允许切换的小区的指示信息。
终端可以计算测量的当前所在小区的信号强度与各个相邻小区的信号强度之间的差值(该差值可以为正数、零或负数)，找出计算的各个差值中小于预设阈值(该预设阈值可以为正数)的差值，并将找出的各个差值对应的相邻小区确定为可能允许切换的小区。或者，终端还可以在发送上行数据连续失败预设的次数时，在测量的各个相邻小区的信号强度中，找出最大的前N个信号强度，并将找出的这N个信号强度对应的相邻小区确定为可能允许切换的小区。例如，N可以大于或等于1。N可以根据实际需要进行设置，在此不做限定。
在源基站管理多个小区时(如三个)，所述可能允许切换的小区中，可能包含从属于源基站的小区。以下将可能允许切换的小区中除从属于源基站的小区以外的各个小区称为备选小区。将可能允许切换的小区中的从属于源基站的小区称为备选站内小区。
S102，源基站接收测量信息。
S103，源基站根据测量信息在各个相邻小区中确定备选小区。
在该测量信息采用上述形式1时，即测量信息包括当前所在小区的信号测量结果和相邻小区的信号测量结果时，源基站可以采用与上述终端确定可能允许切换的小区相同的方式在各个相邻小区中确定可能允许切换的小区，在此不再赘述。其中，与终端根据发送上行数据连续失败次数确定备选小区的方式不同的是，源基站在向终端发送下行数据连续失败预设的次数时，在各个相邻小区的信号强度中，找出最大的前N个信号强度，并将找出的这N个信号强度对应的相邻小区确定为可能允许切换的小区。进而，源基站将可能允许切换的小区中除从属于源基站的小区以外的各个小区确定为备选小区。
源基站还可以将可能允许切换的小区中的从属于源基站的小区确定为备选站内小区。
在该测量信息采用上述形式2时，即包括各个可能允许切换的小区的标识，或者包括用于指示各个可能允许切换的小区的指示信息时，则源基站可以直接将可能允许切换的小区中除从属于源基站的小区以外的各个小区确定为备选小区。源基站还可以将可能允许切换的小区中的从属于源基站的小区确定为备选站内小区。
以下实施例先针对备选小区进行描述，然后再针对备选站内小区进行描述。
S104，源基站向各个备选小区的基站发送切换准备请求。
该切换准备请求指示终端可能即将需要切换到该备选小区，需要备选小区的基站为终端分配用于接入备选小区的资源。
在一实施例中，每个基站管理多个小区(例如三个)，该切换准备请求还可以指示终端可能即将需要切换的备选小区是该基站下的哪一个小区，例如，该切换准备请求可以指示各个备选小区的标识。
S105，各个备选小区的基站接收源基站发送的切换准备请求，并确定是否允许该终端切换至该切换准备请求对应的备选小区。
在一实施例中，各个备选小区的基站可以根据该切换准备请求对应的备选小区当前的负荷，判定是否允许该终端切换至该备选小区。各个备选小区的基站还可以根据备选小区的无线资源利用情况、各网元负荷、已有会话的QOS情况以及新申请的无线资源的QoS要求等判定是否允许该终端切换至该备选小区。
以下将各个备选小区中允许终端切换的备选小区称为目标小区，并将目标小区所在的基站称为目标基站。
S106，在确定允许终端切换时，目标基站为所述终端分配用于接入所述目标小区的资源。
目标基站为终端分配的资源包括时频资源。终端可以利用该时频资源发送随机接入信令。目标基站为终端分配的资源还可以包括前导索引(Preamble index)等。
S107，目标基站向所述源基站反馈切换准备确认信息。
该切换准备确认信息告知源基站允许终端切换。
在一实施例中，该切换准备确认信息可以指示允许切换的备选小区，即目标小区。例如，切换准备确认消息可以携带目标小区的标识。
在另一实施例中，该切换准备确认信息还可以包括指示目标基站为终端分配的用于接入目标小区的资源的信息。
或者，目标基站还可以另外通过一个单独的消息来指示目标基站为终端分配的用于接入目标小区的资源。
在确定不允许终端切换时，不允许终端切换的备选小区的基站可以向源基站反馈相应的指示信息，以告知源基站该备选小区不允许切换；或者也可以不反馈指示信息。
S108，源基站接收目标基站反馈的切换准备确认信息。
在一实施例中，源基站还可以接收目标基站反馈的指示目标基站为终端分配的用于接入目标小区的资源的信息。
从而，源基站获知了目标基站为终端分配的用于接入目标小区的资源。
S109，源基站可以向终端发送用于触发所述终端开始判断是否满足所述切换条件的信息。
在一实施例中，所述用于触发所述终端开始判断是否满足由当前所在小区向所述目标小区切换的切换条件的信息包括：指示所述目标基站为所述终端分配的用于接入所述目标小区的资源的指示信息。终端收到上述指示信息后，就开始判断所述切换条件是否得到满足。
在另一实施例中，所述用于触发所述终端开始判断是否满足由当前所在小区向所述目标小区切换的切换条件的信息可以包括例如1比特的指示信息(其他实施例中也可以为多个比特)。终端在收到上述1比特的指示信息后，就开始判断所述切换条件是否得到满足。所述用于触发所述终端开始判断是否满足由当前所在小区向所述目标小区切换的切换条件的信息除了包括例如上述1比特的指示信息之外，还可以另外包括用于指示所述目标基站为所述终端分配的用于接入所述目标小区的资源的信息。
S110，终端接收源基站发送的用于触发所述终端开始判断是否满足所述切换条件的信息。
在一实施例中，终端可以根据所述用于触发所述终端开始判断是否满足所述切换条件的信息确定目标基站为所述终端分配的用于接入所述目标小区的资源。节约了控制信道的开销。
或者，在另一实施例中，终端除了接收源基站发送的用于触发所述终端开始判断是否满足所述切换条件的信息之外，还可以接收源基站发送的所述指示信息。终端可以根据所述指示信息确定目标基站为所述终端分配的用于接入所述目标小区的资源。
终端在接收到用于触发所述终端开始判断是否满足所述切换条件的信息后，则开始执行步骤S111。
本发明中，在确定有允许切换的小区后，源基站向终端发送用于触发所述终端开始判断是否满足所述切换条件的信息，告知终端可以启动判断切换条件，使得终端不会在没有允许切换的小区时，降低了终端的负担和功率消耗。
步骤S111，终端判断是否满足由当前所在小区向目标小区切换的切换条件，其中，所述切换条件包括无线链路失败(RLF，Radio Link Failure)、终端向所述源基站连续预设次数发送上行数据均失败、终端向所述源基站在预设时长内发送上行数据的失败率高于预设阈值、所述目标小区的信号强度高于所述终端当前所在小区的信号强度中的至少一种。
在一实施例中，在满足以上四种条件中的任意一种时，则终端判定为满足所述切换条件。
本实施例通过设置多种切换条件，使得终端在小区切换时的切换条件更加全面，更能应对实际通信场景中的问题，降低切换失败的概率。例如，如果终端仅仅将所述目标小区的信号强度高于所述终端当前所在小区的信号强度作为唯一的切换条件，那么可能出现在终端当前所在小区的信号强度足够好的情况下，依然可能存在上行信道质量较差、信息发送失败率较高的情形，此时终端也需要进行小区切换。而无线链路失败、终端向所述源基站连续预设次数发送上行数据均失败、终端向所述源基站在预设时长内发送上行数据的失败率高于预设阈值这三个切换条件，能够进一步更加全面的反映终端与基站之间的通信状况。
在一实施例中，预设次数例如可以设置为3次、4次等，具体可以根据实际需要进行设置，在此不做限定。以3次为例，在终端连续3次向源基站发送上行数据均失败时，则认为满足切换条件。
在一实施例中，预设时长和预设阈值也可以根据实际需要进行灵活的设置，在此不做限定。失败率可以为在预设时长内终端向源基站发送上行数据失败的次数与终端向源基站发送上行数据的总次数之间的比值。
步骤S112，在满足所述切换条件时，所述终端向目标基站发送接入请求。
在一实施例中，目标小区为至少两个时，终端可以选择一个质量最好的目标小区，并针对该目标小区发送接入请求。
在一实施例中，所述终端具体根据所述目标基站分配的资源向所述目标基站发送接入请求。
在一实施例中，终端通过目标基站分配的资源完成目标小区的初始接入。
终端完成初始接入后，可以由完成初始接入的目标小区所在的目标基站向源基站反馈指示终端成功接入的消息。或者，还可以由终端向源基站反馈该消息。
源基站接收到该指示终端成功接入的消息后，向目标基站发送用户上下文等信息，然后源基站释放用户上下文等信息。目标基站接收所述用户上下文等信息，从而终端完成了小区切换。
在一实施例中，在终端完成切换后，可以由终端或完成切换的目标小区所在的目标基站向源基站反馈指示终端成功切换的消息。
应当说明的是，在源基站管理的小区中包括所述备选站内小区时，具体的，源基站可以根据所述备选站内小区当前的负荷，判定是否允许该终端切换至所述备选站内小区。源基站还可以根据备选小区的无线资源利用情况、各网元负荷、已有会话的服务质量(Quality of Service，QoS)情况以及新申请的无线资源的QoS要求等判定是否允许该终端切换至该备选站内小区。
可以将各个备选站内小区中允许终端切换的备选站内小区称为目标站内小区。
源基站可以为终端分配用于接入所述目标站内小区的资源。该资源可以参照上述用于接入目 标小区的资源，在此不再赘述。
进一步的，基于上述实施例，在上述允许切换的目标小区和目标站内小区之和为至少两个时，如果终端成功接入或切换至其中一个目标小区或者任意一个目标站内小区，那么未接入终端的目标小区和目标站内小区为终端分配的资源应该及时释放掉，否则会造成资源的浪费。
所述源基站在所述终端成功接入或切换后，向所述终端成功接入或切换的小区所在的基站以外的其它各个所述目标基站发送用于指示释放为所述终端分配的资源的信息。
在一实施例中，若终端成功接入或切换的小区为所述目标站内小区，则源基站不需要其他指示信息指示终端成功接入或切换，源基站可以直接确定终端成功接入或切换。
在另一实施例中，若终端成功接入或切换的小区为所述目标小区，则源基站可以接收终端或目标基站发送的用于指示所述终端成功接入或切换到所述目标小区的消息。在接收到该消息后，则源基站即可确定所述终端成功接入或切换。
以下介绍几种释放资源的实施方式：
1、在终端接入或切换的小区为目标站内小区时：
若还存在未被终端接入的目标站内小区，则源基站自动释放为终端分配的用于接入所述未被终端接入的目标站内小区的资源。
源基站还可以向其他各个目标基站发送用于指示释放为所述终端分配的资源的信息。目标基站接收到该信息后，则释放为终端分配的资源。
2、在终端接入或切换的小区为目标小区时，源基站可以自动释放为终端分配的用于接入目标站内小区的资源，目标基站为终端分配的用于接入目标小区的资源的释放方式如下：
实施方式一，在允许切换的目标小区中包含至少两个属于同一目标基站的目标小区时，例如，两个目标小区C1和C2属于同一个目标基站B1。若终端成功接入或切换至C1，则目标基站可以直接释放为终端分配的在目标小区C2通信的资源即可。
实施方式二，如图3，在目标基站为至少两个时，该方法还包括：
步骤S113，所述源基站在接收到指示所述终端成功接入或切换到所述目标小区的消息后，向所述终端成功接入或切换的目标小区的目标基站以外的其它各个所述目标基站发送用于指示释放为所述终端分配的资源的信息。
步骤S114，目标基站接收源基站发送的指示释放为所述终端分配的资源的信息，并释放为终端分配的资源。
在一实施例中，在终端成功接入或切换后，可以由终端成功接入或切换的目标基站向源基站发送指示所述终端成功接入或切换到所述目标小区的消息。在另一实施例中，还可以由终端向源基站发送该指示所述终端成功接入或切换到所述目标小区的消息。
例如，允许切换的目标小区包括C1和C2，C1属于目标基站B1，C3属于目标基站B2。如果终端成功接入或切换至其中一个目标小区，比如C1，则源基站可以通知目标基站B2释放为终端分配的在C3通信的资源，从而能够在终端完成接入或切换后，及时释放其他目标小区的资源，有效的避免了其他目标小区的资源浪费。
实施方式三，如图4，该方法还包括：
步骤S115，所述源基站开始计时；可以理解的是，图4所示的计时开始的时刻仅仅是一个示例，步骤S115的执行时刻也可以是步骤S101之后的其他时刻。
步骤S116，在计时达到第一预设时长时，若所述源基站还未收到任何指示所述终端成功接入 或切换到所述目标小区的消息，则所述源基站向所有所述目标基站发送用于指示释放为所述终端分配的资源的信息。此外，在计时时长达到第一预设时长时，源基站还自动释放为终端分配的用于接入目标站内小区的资源。
在本实施方式中，终端可能一直未能满足切换条件，因此，终端可能一直未能执行所述步骤S112。也可能终端满足了切换条件，即终端执行了所述步骤S112，但是终端未能成功完成接入或切换。
在一实施例中，源基站可以在向所述目标基站发送完所述切换准备请求后开始计时；或者，源基站还可以在向目标基站发送完切换准备请求后等待一定的时长后开始计时，此时，源基站等待的时长可以等于目标基站接收及解析该切换准备请求的时长；或者，源基站还可以在接收到终端上报的测量信息后开始计时。
第一预设时长可以根据实际需要进行设置，在此不做限定。第一预设时长足够终端完成接入或切换的时间。
由于若切换条件一直未满足，则终端将一直不能接入目标小区或目标站内小区，因此需要目标小区和目标站内小区一直预留资源，会造成严重的浪费。在本实施方式中，由源基站进行计时，若终端未在预设时长内接入成功，则源基站可以及时通知各个目标基站释放为终端分配的在各个目标小区通信的资源，及时释放各个目标小区的资源，有效的避免了各个目标小区的资源浪费。并且源基站还可以释放为终端分配的用于接入目标站内小区的资源，有效的避免了目标站内小区的资源浪费。
实施方式四，如图5，该方法还包括：
步骤S117，所述源基站向所述目标基站发送定时信息；所述定时信息指示所述目标基站等待释放为所述终端分配的资源的第二预设时长。可以理解的是，图5所示的源基站向各个目标基站发送定时信息的时刻仅仅是一个示例。切换准备请求携带所述定时信息，或者，该定时信息还可以独立于切换准备请求发送。
步骤S118，所述目标基站在接收到定时信息后开始计时，或者在目标基站向源基站发送切换准备确认信息后开始计时，或者目标基站也可以在其他时刻开始计时；在计时时长达到第二预设时长时，若所述终端未能在计时阶段成功接入或切换至所述目标基站下的目标小区，则所述目标基站释放为所述终端分配的资源。
在本实施方式中，终端可能一直未能满足切换条件，因此，终端可能一直未能执行所述步骤S112。也可能终端满足了切换条件，即终端执行了所述步骤S112，但是终端未能成功完成接入或切换。如图5所示，终端未在计时阶段内成功接入或切换至图5中的两个目标基站，因此这两个基站均执行步骤S118。
本实施方式中，通过将定时信息发送至目标基站，从而目标基站可以自行计时并释放资源，不需要源基站再另行通知其释放资源。
在一实施例中，源基站和目标基站的计时可以同步。第一预设时长和第二预设时长可以相同，也可以不相同，只要能够保证源基站和目标基站终止计时的时刻相同即可。例如，源基站可以在第N帧发送定时信息。一种方式为，源基站可以在第N帧开始计时，且第一预设时长假设为10帧，而目标基站在N+4帧完成对定时信息的解析，并且在第N+4帧开始计时，第二预设时长假设为6帧，则源基站和目标基站均在第10帧完成计时。另一种方式为：源基站可以在第N+4帧开始计时，第一预设时长和第二预设时长均为6帧，则源基站和目标基站均在第10帧完成计时。
如果终端未完成接入或切换，则源基站可以及时开始下一次控制终端切换小区的流程(如重新开始接收终端的测量信息，并重新确定目标基站)，且目标基站也可以在同一时刻释放资源，有效的保证了源基站和目标基站的一致性。
应当说明的是，上述各个释放资源的实施方式之间可以相互结合。
可以理解的是，上述各个实施例中的源基站也可以作为其他切换过程的目标基站。上述各个实施例中的目标基站也可以作为其他切换过程的源基站。
实施方式五，与实施方式四不同的是，源基站不需要向目标基站发送定时信息，目标基站可以自行确定定时时长，目标基站可以在分配资源后开始计时，并在定时时长到达时，若发现终端仍未接入，则自行释放资源。从而不需要源基站发送任何信息，目标基站即可自行释放资源，降低了源基站的负担。
本发明还提供一种终端100，该终端100可以为上述实施例描述的终端。如图6所示，该终端100包括处理器110和收发器120，处理器110和收发器120相连。可选的，该终端100还包括存储器130。存储器130与处理器110和收发器120分别相连。进一步可选的，该终端100还包括总线系统140。其中，处理器110、收发器120和存储器130可以通过总线系统140相连。该存储器140可以用于存储指令，该处理器110用于执行该存储器140存储的指令，以控制收发器120接收和发送信号；该存储器140还可以用于缓存该处理器110在执行指令过程中产生的数据。
其中，该处理器110用于判断是否满足由当前所在小区向目标小区切换的切换条件，其中，所述切换条件包括无线链路失败、终端100向当前所在小区的基站连续预设次数发送上行数据均失败、终端100向当前所在小区的基站在预设时长内发送上行数据的失败率高于预设阈值、所述目标小区的信号强度高于所述终端100当前所在小区的信号强度中的至少一种；
该收发器120用于在满足所述切换条件时，向目标基站发送接入请求，所述目标基站为所述目标小区的基站。
从上述实施例可以看出，图6所示的终端100执行的是上述方法实施例中的步骤S100、S101、S110、S111和S112。具体的，处理器110执行方法实施例中的步骤S100和S111。收发器120执行方法实施例中的步骤S101、步骤S110和步骤S112。处理器110和收发器120执行上述步骤时的更多细节可以参考上述方法实施例中的相关描述，此处不再赘述。
本发明实施例中，通过设置多种切换条件，使得终端100在小区切换时的切换条件更加全面，更能应对实际通信场景中的问题，降低切换失败的概率。例如，如果终端100仅仅将所述目标小区的信号强度高于所述终端100当前所在小区的信号强度作为唯一的切换条件，那么可能出现在终端100当前所在小区的信号强度足够好的情况下，依然可能存在上行信道质量较差、信息发送失败率较高的情形，此时终端100也需要进行小区切换。而无线链路失败、终端100向所述源基站连续预设次数发送上行数据均失败、终端100向所述源基站在预设时长内发送上行数据的失败率高于预设阈值这三个切换条件，能够进一步更加全面的反映终端100与基站之间的通信状况。
该处理器110、收发器120的其他功能，均可以参照上述小区切换方法中相应实施例的描述，在此不再赘述。
本发明还提供一种基站设备200。如图7所示，该基站设备200包括处理器210和收发器220，处理器210和收发器220相连。可选的，该基站设备200还包括存储器230。存储器230与处理器210和收发器220分别相连。进一步可选的，该基站设备200还包括总线系统240。其中，处理器210、收发器220和存储器230可以通过总线系统240相连。该存储器240可以用于存储指令，该处理器210用于执 行该存储器240存储的指令，以控制收发器220接收和发送信号；该存储器240还可以用于缓存该处理器210在执行指令过程中产生的数据。
其中，在基站设备200用作上述源基站时：
所述收发器220用于接收终端100发送的小区测量信息；
处理器210用于在所述收发器220接收到所述小区测量信息后，控制所述收发器220向各个备选小区的基站发送切换准备请求；
所述收发器220还用于接收目标基站反馈的切换准备确认信息，所述目标基站为目标小区的基站，所述目标小区为所述各个备选小区中允许终端切换的备选小区；
处理器210还用于在所述收发器220接收到所述切换准备确认信息后，控制收发器220向所述终端100发送用于触发所述终端开始判断是否满足由当前所在小区向所述目标小区切换的切换条件的信息；
所述切换条件包括无线链路失败、终端向所述基站设备200连续预设次数发送上行数据失败、终端向所述基站设备200在预设时长内发送上行数据的失败率高于预设阈值、所述目标小区的信号强度高于所述终端当前所在小区的信号强度中的至少一种。首先，基站设备200在确定有允许切换的小区后或者在确定终端有必要准备切换后，向终端发送第一指示信息，告知终端可以开始判断切换条件，使得终端不会在没有允许切换的小区时或者不会在没有必要执行小区切换时启动切换条件的判断，降低了终端的负担。另外，通过设置多种切换条件，使得终端在小区切换时的切换条件更加全面，更能应对实际通信场景中的问题，降低切换失败的概率。
在另一实施例中，所述处理器210还用于：在所述终端100成功接入或切换后，控制所述收发器220向所述终端100成功接入或切换的小区所在的基站以外的其它各个所述目标基站发送用于指示释放为所述终端100分配的资源的信息。从而能够在终端完成接入或切换后，及时释放未被终端接入或切换的目标小区的资源，有效的避免了目标小区的资源浪费。
在另一实施例中，所述处理器210还用于：在所述收发器220接收到终端100发送的小区测量信息后或者在所述收发器220向所述目标基站发送完所述切换准备请求后，启动定时器开始计时；在计时达到第一预设时长时，若所述收发器220还未收到任何指示所述终端100成功接入或切换到所述目标小区的消息，则所述处理器210还用于控制所述收发器220向所有所述目标基站发送用于指示释放为所述终端分配的资源的信息。本方法中，由基站设备200进行计时，若终端未在预设时长内接入成功，则基站设备200可以及时通知各个目标基站释放为终端分配的在各个目标小区通信的资源，及时释放各个目标小区的资源，有效的避免了各个目标小区的资源浪费。
在另一实施例中，所述收发器220还用于向所述目标基站发送定时信息；所述定时信息指示所述目标基站等待释放为所述终端分配的资源的第二预设时长。本方法中，通过将定时信息发送至目标基站，从而目标基站可以自行计时并释放资源，不需要源基站再另行通知其释放资源。
从上述实施例可以看出，图7所示的基站设备200用作上述源基站时：执行的是上述方法实施例中的步骤S102、S103、S104、S108、S109、S113、S115、S116和S117。具体的，处理器210执行上述方法实施例中的步骤S103和S115。收发器220执行上述方法实施例中的步骤S102、S104、S108、S109、S113、S116和S117。处理器210和收发器220执行上述步骤时的更多细节可以参考上述方法实施例中的相关描述，此处不再赘述。
该处理器210、收发器220的其他功能，均可以参照上述小区切换方法中相应实施例的描述，在此不再赘述。
在基站设备200用作上述目标基站时：
收发器220用于接收源基站发送的指示释放为所述终端分配的资源的信息；
处理器210用于释放为所述终端分配的资源。
在另一实施例中，处理器210还用于为终端分配资源；处理器210还用于开始计时；在计时时长达到第二预设时长时，若所述收发器220未在计时阶段接收到所述终端发送的接入请求，则所述处理器210释放为所述终端分配的资源。
从上述实施例可以看出，图7所示的基站设备200用作上述目标基站时：执行的是上述方法实施例中的步骤S105、S106、S107、S114和S118。具体的，处理器210执行上述方法实施例中的步骤S105中的确定是否允许该终端切换的步骤、步骤S106、S114中的释放为终端分配的资源的步骤、S118中的计时步骤。收发器220执行上述方法实施例中的步骤S105中的接收切换准备请求的步骤、步骤S107、S114中的接收指示释放为所述终端分配的资源的信息的步骤、S118中的释放资源的步骤。处理器210和收发器220执行上述步骤时的更多细节可以参考上述方法实施例中的相关描述，此处不再赘述。
该处理器210、收发器220的其他功能，均可以参照上述小区切换方法中相应实施例的描述，在此不再赘述。
本发明还提供一种通信系统，该通信系统包括上述实施例描述的终端100和基站设备200。具体可以参照上述实施例，在此不再赘述。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本发明实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘Solid State Disk(SSD))等。
综上所述，以上仅为本发明的实施例而已，并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种小区切换方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    终端判断是否满足由当前所在小区向目标小区切换的切换条件，其中，所述切换条件包括无线链路失败、终端向所述当前所在小区的基站连续预设次数发送上行数据均失败、终端向所述当前所在小区的基站在预设时长内发送上行数据的失败率高于预设阈值、所述目标小区的信号强度高于所述终端当前所在小区的信号强度中的至少一种；
    在满足所述切换条件时，所述终端向目标基站发送接入请求，所述目标基站为所述目标小区的基站。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：所述终端接收所述当前所在小区的基站发送的用于触发所述终端开始判断是否满足所述切换条件的信息。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：所述终端接收所述当前所在小区的基站发送的指示信息，所述指示信息指示所述目标基站为所述终端分配的用于接入所述目标小区的资源；
    所述终端向目标基站发送接入请求包括：所述终端根据所述目标基站分配的所述资源向所述目标基站发送接入请求。
  4. 一种小区切换方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    源基站在接收到终端发送的小区测量信息后，向各个备选小区的基站发送切换准备请求；
    源基站接收目标基站反馈的切换准备确认信息，所述目标基站为目标小区的基站，所述目标小区为所述各个备选小区中允许终端切换的备选小区；
    所述源基站在接收到所述切换准备确认信息后，向所述终端发送用于触发所述终端开始判断是否满足由当前所在小区向所述目标小区切换的切换条件的信息；
    所述切换条件包括无线链路失败、终端向所述源基站连续预设次数发送上行数据失败、终端向所述源基站在预设时长内发送上行数据的失败率高于预设阈值、所述目标小区的信号强度高于所述终端当前所在小区的信号强度中的至少一种。
  5. 如权4所述的小区切换方法，其特征在于，所述用于触发所述终端开始判断是否满足由当前所在小区向所述目标小区切换的切换条件的信息包括：指示所述目标基站为所述终端分配的用于接入所述目标小区的资源的指示信息。
  6. 如权利要求4或5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述源基站在所述终端成功接入或切换后，向所述终端成功接入或切换的小区所在的基站以外的其它各个所述目标基站发送用于指示释放为所述终端分配的资源的信息。
  7. 如权利要求4至6任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述源基站在接收到终端发送的所述小区测量信息后或者在向所述目标基站发送完所述切换准备请求后开始计时；
    在计时达到第一预设时长时，若所述源基站还未收到任何指示所述终端成功接入或切换到所述目标小区的消息，则所述源基站向所有所述目标基站发送用于指示释放为所述终端分配的资源的信息。
  8. 如权利要求4至6任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    所述源基站向所述目标基站发送定时信息；所述定时信息指示所述目标基站等待释放为所述终端分配的资源的第二预设时长。
  9. 一种终端，其特征在于，所述终端包括处理器和收发器；
    所述处理器用于判断是否满足由当前所在小区向目标小区切换的切换条件，其中，所述切换条件包括无线链路失败、终端向当前所在小区的基站连续预设次数发送上行数据均失败、终端向当前所在小区的基站在预设时长内发送上行数据的失败率高于预设阈值、所述目标小区的信号强度高于所述终端当前所在小区的信号强度中的至少一种；
    所述收发器用于在满足所述切换条件时，向目标基站发送接入请求，所述目标基站为所述目标小区的基站。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的终端，其特征在于，所述收发器还用于接收所述当前所在小区的基站发送的用于触发所述终端开始判断是否满足所述切换条件的信息。
  11. 如权利要求9或10所述的终端，其特征在于，所述收发器还用于接收所述当前所在小区的基站发送的指示信息，所述指示信息指示所述目标基站为所述终端分配的用于接入所述目标小区的资源；
    所述收发器还具体用于根据所述目标基站分配的所述资源向所述目标基站发送接入请求。
  12. 一种基站设备，其特征在于，所述基站设备包括处理器和收发器；
    所述收发器用于接收终端发送的小区测量信息；
    所述处理器用于在所述收发器接收到所述小区测量信息后，控制所述收发器向各个备选小区的基站发送切换准备请求；
    所述收发器还用于接收目标基站反馈的切换准备确认信息，所述目标基站为目标小区的基站，所述目标小区为所述各个备选小区中允许终端切换的备选小区；
    所述处理器还用于在所述收发器接收到所述切换准备确认信息后，控制所述收发器向所述终端发送用于触发所述终端开始判断是否满足由当前所在小区向所述目标小区切换的切换条件的信息；
    所述切换条件包括无线链路失败、终端向所述基站设备连续预设次数发送上行数据失败、终端向所述基站设备在预设时长内发送上行数据的失败率高于预设阈值、所述目标小区的信号强度高于所述终端当前所在小区的信号强度中的至少一种。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的基站设备，其特征在于，所述用于触发所述终端开始判断是否满足由当前所在小区向所述目标小区切换的切换条件的信息包括：指示所述目标基站为所述终端分配的用于接入所述目标小区的资源的指示信息。
  14. 如权利要求12或13所述的基站设备，其特征在于，所述处理器还用于：在所述终端成功接入或切换后，控制所述收发器向所述终端成功接入或切换的小区所在的基站以外的其它各个所述目标基站发送用于指示释放为所述终端分配的资源的信息。
  15. 如权利要求12至14任一项所述的基站设备，其特征在于，所述处理器还用于：在所述收发器接收到终端发送的小区测量信息后或者在所述收发器向所述目标基站发送完所述切换准备请求后，启动定时器开始计时；
    在计时达到第一预设时长时，若所述收发器还未收到任何指示所述终端成功接入或切换到所述目标小区的消息，则所述处理器还用于控制所述收发器向所有所述目标基站发送用于指示释放为所述终端分配的资源的信息。
  16. 如权利要求12至14任一项所述的基站设备，其特征在于，所述收发器还用于向所述目标基站发送定时信息；所述定时信息指示所述目标基站等待释放为所述终端分配的资源的第二预设时长。
  17. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，所述通信系统包括如权利要求9至11任一项所述的终端、以及如权利要求12至16任一项所述的基站设备。
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