WO2018205488A1 - 机械臂的限位保护方法、装置及机器人 - Google Patents

机械臂的限位保护方法、装置及机器人 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018205488A1
WO2018205488A1 PCT/CN2017/104658 CN2017104658W WO2018205488A1 WO 2018205488 A1 WO2018205488 A1 WO 2018205488A1 CN 2017104658 W CN2017104658 W CN 2017104658W WO 2018205488 A1 WO2018205488 A1 WO 2018205488A1
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Prior art keywords
joint
range
value
current
preset
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English (en)
French (fr)
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罗汉杰
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Guangzhou Shiyuan Electronics Thecnology Co Ltd
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Guangzhou Shiyuan Electronics Thecnology Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J9/00Program-controlled manipulators
    • B25J9/16Program controls
    • B25J9/1674Program controls characterised by safety, monitoring, diagnostic
    • B25J9/1676Avoiding collision or forbidden zones
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25JMANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
    • B25J19/00Accessories fitted to manipulators, e.g. for monitoring, for viewing; Safety devices combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with manipulators
    • B25J19/06Safety devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of robot control, and in particular to a method, a device and a robot for limiting the limit of a mechanical arm.
  • the limit protection of the arm can be realized by hardware or software.
  • the existing hardware protection method limits the working range of the arm by setting a limit structure such as a strut on each axis of the arm, but in actual application, the arm will hardly collide with the limit structure, in some The arm will still be damaged in the case.
  • the existing software protection method detects the current angle value of the joint of the arm, and if the current angle value reaches the boundary value of the preset movable range of the joint, the braking action is taken, for example, the preset movable range of the joint is [ -90°, 90°], when the current angle value of the joint is detected to be -90°, the braking measures are taken.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a method, a device and a robot for limiting the limit of the mechanical arm, which can effectively enhance the reliability of the limit protection of the mechanical arm.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for limiting the protection of a mechanical arm, including:
  • the joint brake is controlled when the current motion parameter of the joint exceeds the current range of safe motion parameters.
  • the determining the current range of safety motion parameters according to the current angle value of the joint includes:
  • the first mapping relationship is specifically: And
  • the second mapping relationship is specifically:
  • qi is the angle value of the joint
  • qi is the angle value of the joint
  • is the preset curvature coefficient
  • the first mapping relationship is specifically: And
  • the second mapping relationship is specifically:
  • qi is the angle value of the joint
  • qi is the angle value of the joint
  • Is the upper boundary value of the movable range of the joint Is the lower boundary value of the movable range of the joint
  • is a preset curvature coefficient
  • is not equal to 0.
  • the controlling the joint braking when the current motion parameter of the joint exceeds the current safe motion parameter range comprises:
  • the current angle value is used as a stop angle value of the joint
  • the joint brake is controlled according to the stop angle value to cause the joint to rest at a position corresponding to the stop angle value.
  • the controlling the joint braking according to the stop angle value comprises:
  • the calculation formula of the brake signal is: among them, For the brake signal, k v is the preset differential gain parameter, k q is the preset proportional gain parameter, ⁇ i (t) is the current angular velocity of the joint, and q i (t) is the current angle of the joint value, The stop angle value;
  • the joint brake is controlled in accordance with the brake signal.
  • the motion parameter of the joint is any one of a moment parameter, a speed parameter or an angular acceleration parameter of the joint, and the preset angle threshold value is equal to an active range of the joint Half of the sum of the upper and lower boundary values.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a limit protection device for the mechanical arm, comprising:
  • a parameter acquisition module configured to acquire a current angle value and a current motion parameter of the joint of the robot arm
  • a parameter range determining module configured to determine a current range of safe motion parameters according to a current angle value of the joint; wherein each angle value of the joint corresponds to a safe motion in a movable range of the joint Range of parameters;
  • An articulation module for controlling the joint brake when a current motion parameter of the joint exceeds a range of the current safe motion parameter.
  • the parameter range determining module specifically includes:
  • An upper limit value determining unit configured to determine an upper limit value of the range of the safe motion parameter in the current angle value according to the preset first mapping relationship; wherein, when the angle value of the joint is greater than a preset angle threshold And the closer to the upper boundary value of the movable range of the joint, the smaller the absolute value of the upper limit value of the range of safety motion parameters determined according to the first mapping relationship;
  • a lower limit value determining unit configured to determine a lower limit value of the safe motion parameter range under the current angle value according to the preset second mapping relationship; wherein, when the angle value of the joint is less than a preset angle threshold value And the closer to the lower boundary value of the movable range of the joint, the smaller the absolute value of the lower limit value of the safe motion parameter range determined according to the second mapping relationship.
  • the first mapping relationship is specifically: And
  • the second mapping relationship is specifically:
  • qi is the angle value of the joint
  • qi is the angle value of the joint
  • Is the upper bound value of the movable range of the joint Is the lower boundary value of the movable range of the joint
  • is a preset curvature coefficient
  • is greater than zero.
  • the first mapping relationship is specifically: And
  • the second mapping relationship is specifically:
  • qi is the angle value of the joint
  • qi is the angle value of the joint
  • Is the upper boundary value of the movable range of the joint Is the lower boundary value of the movable range of the joint
  • is a preset curvature coefficient
  • is not equal to 0.
  • the joint braking module specifically includes:
  • a stop angle determining unit configured to use the current angle value as a stop angle value of the joint when a current motion parameter of the joint exceeds the current range of safety motion parameters
  • a joint braking unit configured to control the joint brake according to the stop angle value to make the joint rest at a position corresponding to the stop angle value.
  • the joint brake unit specifically includes:
  • a brake signal generating subunit configured to generate a braking signal according to the stopping angle value; the braking signal is calculated by: among them, For the brake signal, k v is the preset differential gain parameter, k q is the preset proportional gain parameter, ⁇ i (t) is the current angular velocity of the joint, and q i (t) is the current angle of the joint value, For the stop angle value; and,
  • An articulation subunit for controlling the joint brake according to the brake signal.
  • the motion parameter of the joint is any one of a moment parameter, a speed parameter or an angular acceleration parameter of the joint, and the preset angle threshold value is equal to an active range of the joint Half of the sum of the upper and lower boundary values.
  • the method, device and robot for limiting the limit of the mechanical arm provided by the embodiment of the present invention determine the current range of the safe motion parameter according to the current joint angle value of the joint of the arm, and further, when the current joint parameter exceeds the current range of the safe motion parameter, Control joint braking.
  • each angle value of the joint corresponds to a safe motion parameter range one by one. It can be seen that the safe motion parameter range in the invention is dynamically updated according to the current angle value of the joint, effectively enhancing the mechanical condition. The reliability of the arm's limit protection.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a method for limiting a limit of a mechanical arm provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a function curve diagram of an embodiment of a first mapping relationship and a second mapping relationship provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a function curve of another embodiment of a first mapping relationship and a second mapping relationship provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a limit protection device for a mechanical arm provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a method for limiting the limit of a mechanical arm provided by the present invention.
  • the limit protection method of the mechanical arm can be performed by the limit protection device of the mechanical arm, and at least includes the following steps:
  • the robot arm is the most widely used automatic mechanical device in the field of robot technology. It is widely used in industrial manufacturing, medical treatment, entertainment services, military, semiconductor manufacturing and space exploration. Although their forms are different, they all have one thing in common, that is, they can accept instructions and move according to preset trajectories according to instructions.
  • the control device sends corresponding motion control commands to the motor according to the user's needs to control the joints of the robot arm to perform corresponding movements.
  • the angle value and the motion parameter of the joint of the robot arm can be acquired in real time.
  • the motion parameter of the joint is any one of a moment parameter, a speed parameter or an angular acceleration parameter of the joint.
  • the control device sends a torque control command to the motor according to the user demand, in the machine
  • the current torque parameter of the joint of the arm is obtained.
  • the angle value of the joint refers to the angle between the current position of the joint and the reference zero position.
  • the angle value and the motion parameter of the joint are both positive and negative, and the sign indicates the direction of motion.
  • a mechanical arm generally includes n joints, and n is a positive integer.
  • n is a positive integer.
  • the safe motion parameter range refers to the safe value range of the joint motion parameter. If the current motion parameter of the joint exceeds the current safe motion motion parameter range, it indicates that if the joint continues to move with the current motion parameter, then It may be damaged.
  • the movable range of the joint refers to the range of angles at which the joint can move, that is, the range in which the angle value of the joint cannot be exceeded, and the movable range of the joint can be preset by the user according to the demand, for example, the movable range of the joint is preset. Boundary value Lower boundary value Then the movable range of the joint is Generally speaking,
  • each time the angle value of the current time is obtained the range of the safe motion parameter under the current angle value is determined. It can be seen that the safe motion parameter range is dynamically updated according to the current angle value of the joint. of. Moreover, within the movable range of the joint, each angle value of the joint corresponds to a range of safe motion parameters. It should be noted that each angle value of the joint The corresponding range of safety motion parameters is generally different.
  • the obtained current motion parameter is compared with the current safe motion parameter range determined according to the current angle value, and if the current motion parameter is smaller than the lower limit value of the current safe motion parameter range or greater than the current security
  • the upper limit of the range of motion parameters determines that the current motion parameter of the joint is outside the current range of safe motion parameters.
  • the joint brake is controlled.
  • there are various ways to control the joint brake for example, output a one-time brake command to the motor, and then immediately control the joint brake. The joint continues to move forward for a short distance under the action of inertia, and finally stops at a certain position. .
  • the limit protection method for the mechanical arm determines the current range of safety motion parameters according to the current joint angle value of the joint of the mechanical arm, and further, when the current joint parameter exceeds the current safe motion parameter range. , control joint braking.
  • each angle value of the joint corresponds to a safe motion parameter range one by one. It can be seen that the safe motion parameter range in the invention is dynamically updated according to the current angle value of the joint, effectively enhancing the mechanical condition. The reliability of the arm's limit protection.
  • the determining the current range of safety motion parameters according to the current angle value of the joint includes:
  • the upper limit value of the safe motion parameter range under the current angle value is determined according to the preset first mapping relationship.
  • the preset first mapping relationship may be a preset first mapping relationship table.
  • the first mapping relationship table records a plurality of angle values and upper limit values of a plurality of safety motion parameter ranges corresponding to the plurality of angle values, and when the current angle value of the joint is obtained, the preset is obtained by querying
  • the first mapping relationship table can obtain an upper limit value of a range of safety motion parameters uniquely corresponding to the current angle value.
  • the preset first mapping relationship may also be a preset first mapping function, where the first mapping function is an independent variable with an angle value and an upper limit of the range of the security motion parameter.
  • the value is a dependent variable, and when the current angle value of the joint is obtained, by substituting the current angle value into the first mapping mapping function, an upper limit value of the safe motion parameter range uniquely corresponding to the current angle value can be obtained. It is to be determined that, according to the preset second mapping relationship, the lower limit value of the safe motion parameter range under the current angle value is determined, and the upper limit value of the safe motion parameter range under the current angle value is determined according to the preset first mapping relationship.
  • the principle is similar, and various determination methods can be adopted, for example, the above two methods, and are not described herein.
  • the motion parameter of the joint when the joint moves toward the upper boundary direction of the movable range, the motion parameter of the joint is a positive value, and the upper limit value of the safe motion parameter range is also a positive value.
  • the angle value of the joint is greater than the preset angle threshold, if the current angle value of the joint is far from the upper boundary value of the movable range, the upper limit value of the current safe motion parameter range determined according to the current angle value of the joint Larger, indicating that the joint can move with larger motion parameters, but if the current angle value of the joint is closer to the upper boundary value of the movable range, the upper limit of the current safe motion parameter range determined according to the current angle value of the joint Relatively small, at this time, if the joint still moves with a large motion parameter, it is easy to exceed the upper limit of the corresponding safe motion parameter range, thereby triggering the braking operation.
  • the joint can also move toward the lower boundary of the movable range.
  • the joint motion parameter is a negative value
  • the lower limit value of the safe motion parameter range is also a negative value.
  • the lower limit value of the current safe motion parameter range is relatively large, that is, its absolute value is small. At this time, if the joint still moves with a motion parameter with a large absolute value, it is easy to exceed the lower limit value of the corresponding safe motion parameter range. This triggers the braking operation. Therefore, the present embodiment is capable of joints
  • the current motion situation is judged in advance. When it is determined that the current motion parameter continues to move, which may cause the problem of braking, the braking action is immediately taken, which can effectively enhance the reliability of the limit protection of the arm.
  • the upper limit of the safe motion parameter range determined according to the first mapping relationship The value may be a constant A.
  • the constant A may be an upper limit value of a preset range of motion parameters, that is, in this case, the joint may move to a preset value with an upper limit value of a preset range of motion parameters.
  • the position corresponding to the angle threshold when the joint moves toward the lower boundary of the movable range, when the angle value of the joint is greater than the preset angle threshold, the lower limit value of the safe motion parameter range determined according to the first mapping relationship may be constant B.
  • the constant B may be a lower limit value of the preset motion parameter range, that is, in this case, the joint may move to a preset angle threshold value with a lower limit value of the preset motion parameter range.
  • the preset angle threshold value is equal to half of the sum of the upper boundary value and the lower boundary value of the movable range of the joint, for example, the lower boundary value of the movable range is -90°, and the upper boundary value of the movable range When 90°, the preset angle threshold can be set to 0.
  • the first mapping relationship is specifically: And
  • the second mapping relationship is specifically:
  • qi is the angle value of the joint
  • qi is the angle value of the joint
  • is a preset curvature coefficient
  • is greater than zero.
  • the analogy is analogous, and no further description is made here. It can be seen that the alpha value can be set according to the user's demand, thereby changing the sensitivity of the brake, and the control process is more humanized.
  • the motion parameter of the joint is a torque parameter
  • the upper limit of the preset torque parameter range It is the lower limit of the preset torque parameter range.
  • the first mapping relationship is specifically: And
  • the second mapping relationship is specifically:
  • qi is the angle value of the joint
  • qi is the angle value of the joint
  • Is the upper boundary value of the movable range of the joint Is the lower boundary value of the movable range of the joint
  • is a preset curvature coefficient
  • is not equal to 0.
  • FIG. 3 is a function curve diagram of the first mapping relationship and the second mapping relationship in the embodiment.
  • the limit value ⁇ i of the range of the safety motion parameter of the joint is the ordinate
  • the angle value qi of the joint is the abscissa. .
  • the analogy is analogous, and no further description is made here. It can be seen that the beta value can be set according to the user's demand, thereby changing the sensitivity of the brake, and the control process is more humanized.
  • the motion parameter of the joint is a torque parameter
  • the upper limit of the preset torque parameter range It is the lower limit of the preset torque parameter range.
  • controlling the joint braking when the current motion parameter of the joint exceeds the current safe motion parameter range includes:
  • the current angle value is used as a stop angle value of the joint
  • the joint brake is controlled according to the stop angle value to cause the joint to rest at a position corresponding to the stop angle value.
  • controlling the joint braking according to the stop angle value specifically includes:
  • the calculation formula of the brake signal is: among them, For the brake signal, k v is the preset differential gain parameter, k q is the preset proportional gain parameter, ⁇ i (t) is the current angular velocity of the joint, and q i (t) is the current angle of the joint value, The stop angle value;
  • the joint brake is controlled in accordance with the brake signal.
  • the joint will continue to move forward for a short distance under the action of inertia, and then slowly stop.
  • the current angle value is used as the stop angle value of the joint, and the control device sends a corresponding brake signal to the motor when the joint is in inertia. Under the action, continue to move forward for a short distance, slowly stop, then move the joint back for a period of time, and finally rest at the position corresponding to the stop angle value.
  • the braking method in this embodiment is simple and robust. better.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a limit protection device for the mechanical arm, which can implement all the processes in the limit protection method for the mechanical arm provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a limit protection device for a mechanical arm provided by the present invention.
  • the device includes:
  • a parameter obtaining module 11 configured to acquire a current angle value and a current motion parameter of a joint of the robot arm
  • a parameter range determining module 12 configured to determine a current range of safety motion parameters according to a current angle value of the joint; wherein each angle value of the joint is one-to-one corresponding to one safety within a movable range of the joint Range of motion parameters;
  • the joint brake module 13 is configured to control the joint brake when a current motion parameter of the joint exceeds a range of the current safe motion parameter.
  • the limit protection device for the mechanical arm determines the current range of safety motion parameters according to the current joint angle value of the joint of the arm, and then controls the joint brake when the current joint parameter exceeds the current range of safety motion parameters.
  • each angle value of the joint corresponds to a safe motion parameter range one by one. It can be seen that the safe motion parameter range in the invention is dynamically updated according to the current angle value of the joint, effectively enhancing the mechanical condition. The reliability of the arm's limit protection.
  • the parameter range determining module 12 specifically includes:
  • An upper limit value determining unit configured to determine an upper limit value of the range of the safe motion parameter in the current angle value according to the preset first mapping relationship; wherein, when the angle value of the joint is greater than a preset angle threshold a value, and the closer to an upper boundary value of the movable range of the joint, the smaller the absolute value of the upper limit value of the range of safety motion parameters determined according to the first mapping relationship;
  • a lower limit value determining unit configured to determine a lower limit value of the safe motion parameter range under the current angle value according to the preset second mapping relationship; wherein, when the angle value of the joint is less than a preset angle threshold value And the closer to the lower boundary value of the movable range of the joint, the smaller the absolute value of the lower limit value of the safe motion parameter range determined according to the second mapping relationship.
  • the first mapping relationship is specifically: And
  • the second mapping relationship is specifically:
  • qi is the angle value of the joint
  • qi is the angle value of the joint
  • is a preset curvature coefficient
  • is greater than zero.
  • the first mapping relationship is specifically: And
  • the second mapping relationship is specifically:
  • qi is the angle value of the joint
  • qi is the angle value of the joint
  • Is the upper bound value of the movable range of the joint Is the lower boundary value of the movable range of the joint
  • is a preset curvature coefficient
  • is not equal to 0.
  • the joint braking module 13 specifically includes:
  • a stop angle determining unit configured to use the current angle value as a stop angle value of the joint when a current motion parameter of the joint exceeds the current range of safety motion parameters
  • a joint braking unit configured to control the joint brake according to the stop angle value to make the joint rest at a position corresponding to the stop angle value.
  • joint brake unit specifically includes:
  • a brake signal generating subunit configured to generate a braking signal according to the stopping angle value; the braking signal is calculated by: among them, For the brake signal, k v is the preset differential gain parameter, k q is the preset proportional gain parameter, ⁇ i (t) is the current angular velocity of the joint, and q i (t) is the current angle of the joint value, For the stop angle value; and,
  • An articulation subunit for controlling the joint brake according to the brake signal.
  • the motion parameter of the joint is any one of a moment parameter, a speed parameter or an angular acceleration parameter of the joint;
  • the predetermined angular threshold value is equal to half the sum of the upper boundary value and the lower boundary value of the movable range of the joint.
  • the limit protection device for the mechanical arm determines the current range of safety motion parameters according to the current joint angle value of the joint of the arm, and then controls the joint brake when the current joint parameter exceeds the current range of safety motion parameters.
  • each angle value of the joint corresponds to a safe motion parameter range one by one. It can be seen that the safe motion parameter range in the invention is dynamically updated according to the current angle value of the joint, effectively enhancing the mechanical condition. The reliability of the arm's limit protection.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a robot, including the above-mentioned mechanical arm limit protection device.
  • the robot provided by the embodiment of the present invention determines the current range of safety motion parameters according to the current joint angle value of the joint of the arm, and if the current joint parameter exceeds the current range of the safety motion parameter, Control the corresponding joint brakes in time.
  • each angle value of the joint corresponds to a safe motion parameter range one by one. It can be seen that the range of the safe motion parameter is dynamically updated according to the current angle value of the joint, which can effectively enhance the limit of the mechanical arm. The reliability of bit protection.
  • the storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), or a random access memory (RAM).

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Abstract

一种机械臂的限位保护方法,包括:获取机械臂的关节的当前角度值和当前运动参数(S11);根据关节的当前角度值确定当前的安全运动参数范围;其中,在关节的可活动范围内,关节的每个角度值都一一对应一个安全运动参数范围(S12);当关节的当前运动参数超出当前的安全运动参数范围时,控制关节制动(S13)。该方法能够有效地增强机械臂的限位保护的可靠性。还涉及一种机械臂的限位保护装置及机器人。

Description

机械臂的限位保护方法、装置及机器人 技术领域
本发明涉及机器人控制领域,尤其涉及一种机械臂的限位保护方法、装置及机器人。
背景技术
在机械臂的使用过程中,常常由于操作不当,使得机械臂的运行超出安全的工作范围,导致机械臂损坏。因此,需要对机械臂进行限位保护,以将机械臂限制在安全的工作范围运行。
一般来说,机械臂的限位保护可以通过硬件或者软件的方式来实现。现有的硬件保护方式通过在机械臂的每个轴上设置支柱等限位结构来限制机械臂的工作范围,但在实际应用过程中,机械臂会与限位结构产生硬性碰撞,在某些情况下仍会损坏机械臂。现有的软件保护方式通过检测机械臂的关节的当前角度值,若当前角度值达到关节的预设可活动范围的边界值时,采取制动措施,例如,关节的预设可活动范围为[-90°,90°],当检测到关节的当前角度值为-90°时,采取制动措施。然而,在机械臂的关节的运动过程中,当其角度值达到预设可活动范围的边界值时,其运行速度往往很快,这时采取制动措施可能无法使机械臂的关节及时制动,因此,仍有可能损坏机械臂,保护效果不佳。
发明内容
本发明实施例所要解决的技术问题在于,提供一种机械臂的限位保护方法、装置及机器人,能够有效地增强机械臂的限位保护的可靠性。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明实施例提出了一种机械臂的限位保护方法,包括:
获取机械臂的关节的当前角度值和当前运动参数;
根据所述关节的当前角度值确定当前的安全运动参数范围;其中,在所述关节的可活动范围内,所述关节的每个角度值都一一对应一个安全运动参数范围;
当所述关节的当前运动参数超出所述当前的安全运动参数范围时,控制所述关节制动。
优选地,所述根据所述关节的当前角度值确定当前的安全运动参数范围,具体包括:
根据预设的第一映射关系确定所述当前角度值下的安全运动参数范围的上限值;其中,当所述关节的角度值大于预设的角度门限值,且越接近所述关节的可活动范围的上边界值时,根据所述第一映射关系所确定的安全运动参数范围的上限值的绝对值越小;
根据预设的第二映射关系确定所述当前角度值下的安全运动参数范围的下限值;其中,当所述关节的角度值小于预设的角度门限值,且越接近所述关节的可活动范围的下边界值时,根据所述第二映射关系所确定的安全运动参数范围的下限值的绝对值越小。
优选地,
所述第一映射关系具体为:
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000001
所述第二映射关系具体为:
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000002
其中,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000003
为所述安全运动参数范围的上限值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000004
为所述安全运动参数范围的下限值,qi为所述关节的角度值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000005
为预设的运动参数范围的上限值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000006
为预设的运动参数范围的下限值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000007
为所述关节的可活动范围的上边界值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000008
为所述关节的可活动范围的下边界值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000009
为预设的角度门限值,α 为预设的曲率系数,且α大于0。
优选地,
所述第一映射关系具体为:
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000010
所述第二映射关系具体为:
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000011
其中,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000012
为所述安全运动参数范围的上限值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000013
为所述安全运动参数范围的下限值,qi为所述关节的角度值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000014
为预设的运动参数范围的上限值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000015
为预设的运动参数范围的下限值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000016
为所述关节的可活动范围的上边界值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000017
为所述关节的可活动范围的下边界值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000018
为预设的角度门限值,β为预设的曲率系数,且β不等于0。
优选地,所述当所述关节的当前运动参数超出所述当前的安全运动参数范围时,控制所述关节制动,具体包括:
当所述关节的当前运动参数超出所述当前的安全运动参数范围时,将所述当前角度值作为所述关节的停止角度值;
根据所述停止角度值控制所述关节制动,以使所述关节静止在所述停止角度值所对应的位置。
优选地,所述根据所述停止角度值控制所述关节制动,具体包括:
根据所述停止角度值生成制动信号;所述制动信号的计算公式为:
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000019
其中,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000020
为制动信号,kv为预设的微分增益参数,kq为预设的比例增益参数,ωi(t)为所述关节的当前角速度,qi(t)为所述关节的当前角度值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000021
为所述停止角度值;
根据所述制动信号控制所述关节制动。
优选地,所述关节的运动参数为所述关节的力矩参数、速度参数或角加速度参数中的任意一种,并且,所述预设的角度门限值等于所述关节的可活动范 围的上边界值和下边界值的和的一半。
本发明实施例还提出了一种机械臂的限位保护装置,包括:
参数获取模块,用于获取机械臂的关节的当前角度值和当前运动参数;
参数范围确定模块,用于根据所述关节的当前角度值确定当前的安全运动参数范围;其中,在所述关节的可活动范围内,所述关节的每个角度值都一一对应一个安全运动参数范围;以及,
关节制动模块,用于当所述关节的当前运动参数超出所述当前的安全运动参数范围时,控制所述关节制动。
优选地,所述参数范围确定模块具体包括:
上限值确定单元,用于根据预设的第一映射关系确定所述当前角度值下的安全运动参数范围的上限值;其中,当所述关节的角度值大于预设的角度门限值,且越接近所述关节的可活动范围的上边界值时,根据所述第一映射关系所确定的安全运动参数范围的上限值的绝对值越小;以及,
下限值确定单元,用于根据预设的第二映射关系确定所述当前角度值下的安全运动参数范围的下限值;其中,当所述关节的角度值小于预设的角度门限值,且越接近所述关节的可活动范围的下边界值时,根据所述第二映射关系所确定的安全运动参数范围的下限值的绝对值越小。
优选地,
所述第一映射关系具体为:
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000022
所述第二映射关系具体为:
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000023
其中,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000024
为所述安全运动参数范围的上限值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000025
为所述安全运动参数范围的下限值,qi为所述关节的角度值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000026
为预设的运动参数范围的上限值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000027
为预设的运动参数范围的下限值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000028
为所述关节的可活动范围的上边 界值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000029
为所述关节的可活动范围的下边界值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000030
为预设的角度门限值,α为预设的曲率系数,且α大于0。
优选地,
所述第一映射关系具体为:
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000031
所述第二映射关系具体为:
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000032
其中,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000033
为所述安全运动参数范围的上限值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000034
为所述安全运动参数范围的下限值,qi为所述关节的角度值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000035
为预设的运动参数范围的上限值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000036
为预设的运动参数范围的下限值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000037
为所述关节的可活动范围的上边界值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000038
为所述关节的可活动范围的下边界值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000039
为预设的角度门限值,β为预设的曲率系数,且β不等于0。
优选地,所述关节制动模块具体包括:
停止角确定单元,用于当所述关节的当前运动参数超出所述当前的安全运动参数范围时,将所述当前角度值作为所述关节的停止角度值;以及,
关节制动单元,用于根据所述停止角度值控制所述关节制动,以使所述关节静止在所述停止角度值所对应的位置。
优选地,所述关节制动单元具体包括:
制动信号生成子单元,用于根据所述停止角度值生成制动信号;所述制动信号的计算公式为:
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000040
其中,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000041
为制动信号,kv为预设的微分增益参数,kq为预设的比例增益参数,ωi(t)为所述关节的当前角速度,qi(t)为所述关节的当前角度值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000042
为所述停止角度值;以及,
关节制动子单元,用于根据所述制动信号控制所述关节制动。
优选地,所述关节的运动参数为所述关节的力矩参数、速度参数或角加速度参数中的任意一种,并且,所述预设的角度门限值等于所述关节的可活动范 围的上边界值和下边界值的和的一半。
实施本发明实施例,具有如下有益效果:
本发明实施例提供的机械臂的限位保护方法、装置及机器人,根据机械臂的关节的当前关节角度值确定当前的安全运动参数范围,进而在当前关节参数超出当前的安全运动参数范围时,控制关节制动。其中,在关节的可活动范围内,关节的每个角度值都一一对应一个安全运动参数范围,可见,本发明中的安全运动参数范围根据关节的当前角度值动态更新,有效地增强了机械臂的限位保护的可靠性。
附图说明
图1是本发明提供的机械臂的限位保护方法的一个实施例的流程示意图;
图2是本发明提供的第一映射关系和第二映射关系的一个实施例的函数曲线示意图;
图3是本发明提供的第一映射关系和第二映射关系的另一个实施例的函数曲线示意图;
图4是本发明提供的机械臂的限位保护装置的一个实施例的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1,是本发明提供的机械臂的限位保护方法的一个实施例的流程示意图。所述机械臂的限位保护方法可以由机械臂的限位保护装置来执行,并至少包括如下步骤:
S11、获取机械臂的关节的当前角度值和当前运动参数;
需要说明的是,机械臂是机器人技术领域中最广泛应用的自动化机械装置, 其广泛应用于工业制造、医学治疗、娱乐服务、军事、半导体制造以及太空探索等领域。尽管它们的形态各有不同,但它们都有一个共同的特点,就是能够接受指令,并根据指令按照预设的轨迹运动。
在实际应用中,控制装置根据用户需求向电机发送相应的运动控制指令,以控制机械臂的关节进行相应的运动。在机械臂运动期间,可以实时获取机械臂的关节的角度值和运动参数。其中,关节的运动参数为所述关节的力矩参数、速度参数或角加速度参数中的任意一种,例如,机械臂工作在力矩模式下,控制装置根据用户需求向电机发送力矩控制指令,在机械臂的关节进行相应的运动时,获取机械臂的关节的当前力矩参数。关节的角度值指的是关节当前所处的位置与参考零位置之间的夹角值。并且,关节的角度值和运动参数均带有正负符号,其正负号代表运动方向。
需要说明的是,一个机械臂一般包括n个关节,n为正整数,当机械臂的各个关节同时运动时,分别获取各个关节的当前角度值和当前运动参数。
S12、根据所述关节的当前角度值确定当前的安全运动参数范围;其中,在所述关节的可活动范围内,所述关节的每个角度值都一一对应一个安全运动参数范围;
在本发明实施例中,安全运动参数范围指的是关节的运动参数的安全取值范围,若关节的当前运动参数超出当前安全运动运动参数范围,则说明若关节继续以当前运动参数运动,则有可能被损坏。另外,关节的可活动范围指的是关节可活动的角度范围,即关节的角度值不能超出的范围,关节的可活动范围可以由用户根据需求预先设置,例如预先设置关节的可活动范围的上边界值为
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000043
下边界值为
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000044
则关节的可活动范围为
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000045
一般来说,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000046
在本发明实施例中,在关节运动过程中,每获得一个当前时刻的角度值,则确定一个当前角度值下的安全运动参数范围,可见,安全运动参数范围是根据关节的当前角度值动态更新的。并且,在关节的可活动范围内,关节的每个角度值都一一对应一个安全运动参数范围。需要说明的是,关节的每个角度值 对应的安全运动参数范围一般是各不相同的。
S13、当所述关节的当前运动参数超出所述当前的安全运动参数范围时,控制所述关节制动。
在本发明实施例中,将获得的当前运动参数和根据当前角度值所确定的当前的安全运动参数范围进行对比,若当前运动参数小于当前的安全运动参数范围的下限值或者大于当前的安全运动参数范围的上限值,则判定关节的当前运动参数超出了当前的安全运动参数范围,此时,控制关节制动。其中,控制关节制动的方式有多种,例如,输出一次性制动指令至电机,随后立即控制关节制动,关节在惯性作用下继续往前运动一小段距离后,最终静止在某一位置。
综上所述,本发明实施例提供的机械臂的限位保护方法,根据机械臂的关节的当前关节角度值确定当前的安全运动参数范围,进而在当前关节参数超出当前的安全运动参数范围时,控制关节制动。其中,在关节的可活动范围内,关节的每个角度值都一一对应一个安全运动参数范围,可见,本发明中的安全运动参数范围根据关节的当前角度值动态更新,有效地增强了机械臂的限位保护的可靠性。
在一个优选的实施方式中,所述根据所述关节的当前角度值确定当前的安全运动参数范围,具体包括:
根据预设的第一映射关系确定所述当前角度值下的安全运动参数范围的上限值;其中,当所述关节的角度值大于预设的角度门限值,且越接近所述关节的可活动范围的上边界值时,根据所述第一映射关系所确定的安全运动参数范围的上限值的绝对值越小;
根据预设的第二映射关系确定所述当前角度值下的安全运动参数范围的下限值;其中,当所述关节的角度值小于预设的角度门限值,且越接近所述关节的可活动范围的下边界值时,根据所述第二映射关系所确定的安全运动参数范围的下限值的绝对值越小。
在本实施方式中,根据预设的第一映射关系确定当前角度值下的安全运动参数范围的上限值。其中,预设的第一映射关系可以为预设的第一映射关系表, 该第一映射关系表中记录有若干个角度值以及与该若干个角度值一一对应的若干个安全运动参数范围的上限值,则当获取到关节的当前角度值时,通过查询预设的第一映射关系表,可以获得与该当前角度值唯一对应的安全运动参数范围的上限值。另外,在其他可选的实施方式中,预设的第一映射关系还可以为预设的第一映射函数,该第一映射函数为以角度值为自变量,以安全运动参数范围的上限值为因变量,则当获取到关节的当前角度值时,通过将该当前角度值代入该第一映射映射函数,即可获得与该当前角度值唯一对应的安全运动参数范围的上限值。需要说明的是,根据预设的第二映射关系确定当前角度值下的安全运动参数范围的下限值与根据预设的第一映射关系确定当前角度值下的安全运动参数范围的上限值的原理类似,均可以采用多种确定方式,例如上述两种方式,此处不加赘述。
在本实施方式中,当关节朝可活动范围的上边界方向运动时,关节的运动参数为正值,安全运动参数范围的上限值也为正值。当关节的角度值大于预设的角度门限值时,若关节的当前角度值距离可活动范围的上边界值较远,则根据关节的当前角度值确定的当前安全运动参数范围的上限值较大,说明关节可以以较大的运动参数运动,但若关节的当前角度值距离可活动范围的上边界值较近,则根据关节的当前角度值确定的当前安全运动参数范围的上限值相对较小,此时,若关节仍以较大的运动参数运动,则容易超出相应的安全运动参数范围的上限值,从而触发制动操作。另外,关节也可以朝可活动范围的下边界方向运动,这种情况下,关节的运动参数为负值,安全运动参数范围的下限值也为负值。当关节的角度值小于预设的角度门限值时,若关节的当前角度值距离可活动范围的下边界值较远,则根据关节的当前角度值确定的当前安全运动参数范围的下限值越小,即其绝对值较大,说明关节可以以绝对值较大的运动参数运动,但若关节的当前角度值距离可活动范围的下边界值较近,则根据关节的当前角度值确定的当前安全运动参数范围的下限值相对较大,即其绝对值较小,此时,若关节仍以绝对值较大的运动参数运动,则容易超出相应的安全运动参数范围的下限值,从而触发制动操作。因此,本实施方式能够对关节的 当前运动情况进行提前判断,当判定以当前运动参数继续运动会导致来不及制动的问题时,立即采取制动措施,能够有效地增强了机械臂的限位保护的可靠性。
需要说明的是,在关节朝可活动范围的上边界方向运动的情况下,当关节的角度值小于预设的角度门限值时,根据第一映射关系所确定的安全运动参数范围的上限值可以为常量A,优选地,常量A可以为预设的运动参数范围的上限值,即表示在这种情况下,关节可以以预设的运动参数范围的上限值运动到预设的角度门限值所对应的位置。在关节朝可活动范围的下边界方向运动的情况下,当关节的角度值大于预设的角度门限值时,根据第一映射关系所确定的安全运动参数范围的下限值可以为常量B,优选地,常量B可以为预设的运动参数范围的下限值,即表示在这种情况下,关节可以以预设的运动参数范围的下限值运动到预设的角度门限值所对应的位置。优选地,预设的角度门限值等于关节的可活动范围的上边界值和下边界值的和的一半,例如,可活动范围的下边界值为-90°,可活动范围的上边界值为90°时,预设的角度门限值可以设置为0。
在一个优选的实施方式中,
所述第一映射关系具体为:
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000047
所述第二映射关系具体为:
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000048
其中,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000049
为所述安全运动参数范围的上限值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000050
为所述安全运动参数范围的下限值,qi为所述关节的角度值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000051
为预设的运动参数范围的上限值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000052
为预设的运动参数范围的下限值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000053
为所述关节的可活动范围的上边界值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000054
为所述关节的可活动范围的下边界值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000055
为预设的角度门限值,α为预设的曲率系数,且α大于0。
请参阅图2,是本实施方式中第一映射关系和第二映射关系的函数曲线示意图,图中以关节的安全运动参数范围的限值τi为纵坐标,以关节的角度值qi为横坐标。
在本实施方式中,α值越接近0,函数曲线越陡峭,反之函数曲线越平缓。可以理解的是,在关节朝可活动范围的上边界方向运动的情况下,当关节的角度值大于预设的角度门限值时,同一个角度值,在更为平缓的函数曲线下,根据其所确定的安全运动参数范围的上限值相对较小,采取制动操作后,关节静止的位置将距离可活动范围的上边界值较远。相对地,在更为陡峭的函数曲线下,根据其所确定的安全运动参数范围的上限值相对较大,此时采取制动操作,关节静止的位置将距离可活动范围的上边界值较近。另外,在关节朝可活动范围的下边界方向运动的情况下,同理类推,此处不加赘述。由此可见,能够根据用户需求设置α值,从而改变制动的灵敏程度,使得控制过程更加人性化。
另外,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000056
为预设的运动参数范围的上限值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000057
为预设的运动参数范围的下限值,一般来说,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000058
具体地,若关节的运动参数为力矩参数,则
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000059
为预设的力矩参数范围的上限值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000060
为预设的力矩参数范围的下限值。
或者,在另一个优选的实施方式中,
所述第一映射关系具体为:
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000061
所述第二映射关系具体为:
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000062
其中,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000063
为所述安全运动参数范围的上限值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000064
为所述安全运动参数范围的下限值,qi为所述关节的角度值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000065
为预设的运动参数范围的上限值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000066
为预设的运动参数范围的下限值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000067
为所述关节的可活动范围的上边界值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000068
为所述关节的可活动范围的下边界值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000069
为预设的角度门限值,β为预设的曲率系数,且β不等于0。
请参阅图3,是本实施方式中第一映射关系和第二映射关系的函数曲线示意图,图中以关节的安全运动参数范围的限值τi为纵坐标,以关节的角度值qi为横坐标。
在本实施方式中,β2值越小,函数曲线越陡峭,反之函数曲线越平缓。可以理解的是,在关节朝可活动范围的上边界方向运动的情况下,当关节的角度值大于预设的角度门限值时,同一个角度值,在更为平缓的函数曲线下,根据其所确定的安全运动参数范围的上限值相对较小,采取制动操作后,关节静止的位置将距离可活动范围的上边界值较远。相对地,在更为陡峭的函数曲线下,根据其所确定的安全运动参数范围的上限值相对较大,此时采取制动操作,关节静止的位置将距离可活动范围的上边界值较近。另外,在关节朝可活动范围的下边界方向运动的情况下,同理类推,此处不加赘述。由此可见,能够根据用户需求设置β值,从而改变制动的灵敏程度,使得控制过程更加人性化。
另外,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000070
为预设的运动参数范围的上限值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000071
为预设的运动参数范围的下限值,一般来说,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000072
具体地,若关节的运动参数为力矩参数,则
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000073
为预设的力矩参数范围的上限值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000074
为预设的力矩参数范围的下限值。
在一个优选的实施方式中,所述当所述关节的当前运动参数超出所述当前的安全运动参数范围时,控制所述关节制动,具体包括:
当所述关节的当前运动参数超出所述当前的安全运动参数范围时,将所述当前角度值作为所述关节的停止角度值;
根据所述停止角度值控制所述关节制动,以使所述关节静止在所述停止角度值所对应的位置。
进一步地,所述根据所述停止角度值控制所述关节制动,具体包括:
根据所述停止角度值生成制动信号;所述制动信号的计算公式为:
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000075
其中,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000076
为制动信号,kv为预设的微分增益参数,kq为预设的比例增益参数,ωi(t)为所述关节的当前角速度,qi(t)为所述关节的当前角度值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000077
为所述停止角度值;
根据所述制动信号控制所述关节制动。
需要说明的是,在实际操作过程中,当控制装置向电机发送相应的制动信号后,关节往往还会在惯性作用下继续往前运动一小段距离,再缓缓停下来。在本实施方式中,当判定关节的当前运动参数超出当前的安全运动参数范围时,将当前角度值作为关节的停止角度值,并由控制装置向电机发送相应的制动信号,当关节在惯性作用下继续往前运动一小段距离,缓缓停下后,再使关节往回运动一段,最终静止在停止角度值所对应的位置,本实施方式中的制动方式较为简单,且鲁棒性较好。
相应的,本发明实施例还提供一种机械臂的限位保护装置,能够实现本发明实施例的提供的机械臂的限位保护方法中的所有流程。
请参阅图4,是本发明提供的机械臂的限位保护装置的一个实施例的结构示意图,所述装置包括:
参数获取模块11,用于获取机械臂的关节的当前角度值和当前运动参数;
参数范围确定模块12,用于根据所述关节的当前角度值确定当前的安全运动参数范围;其中,在所述关节的可活动范围内,所述关节的每个角度值都一一对应一个安全运动参数范围;以及,
关节制动模块13,用于当所述关节的当前运动参数超出所述当前的安全运动参数范围时,控制所述关节制动。
本发明实施例提供的机械臂的限位保护装置,根据机械臂的关节的当前关节角度值确定当前的安全运动参数范围,进而在当前关节参数超出当前的安全运动参数范围时,控制关节制动。其中,在关节的可活动范围内,关节的每个角度值都一一对应一个安全运动参数范围,可见,本发明中的安全运动参数范围根据关节的当前角度值动态更新,有效地增强了机械臂的限位保护的可靠性。
在一个优选的实施方式中,所述参数范围确定模块12具体包括:
上限值确定单元,用于根据预设的第一映射关系确定所述当前角度值下的安全运动参数范围的上限值;其中,当所述关节的角度值大于预设的角度门限 值,且越接近所述关节的可活动范围的上边界值时,根据所述第一映射关系所确定的安全运动参数范围的上限值的绝对值越小;以及,
下限值确定单元,用于根据预设的第二映射关系确定所述当前角度值下的安全运动参数范围的下限值;其中,当所述关节的角度值小于预设的角度门限值,且越接近所述关节的可活动范围的下边界值时,根据所述第二映射关系所确定的安全运动参数范围的下限值的绝对值越小。
在一个优选的实施方式中,
所述第一映射关系具体为:
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000078
所述第二映射关系具体为:
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000079
其中,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000080
为所述安全运动参数范围的上限值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000081
为所述安全运动参数范围的下限值,qi为所述关节的角度值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000082
为预设的运动参数范围的上限值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000083
为预设的运动参数范围的下限值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000084
为所述关节的可活动范围的上边界值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000085
为所述关节的可活动范围的下边界值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000086
为预设的角度门限值,α为预设的曲率系数,且α大于0。
或者,在另一个优选的实施方式中,
所述第一映射关系具体为:
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000087
所述第二映射关系具体为:
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000088
其中,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000089
为所述安全运动参数范围的上限值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000090
为所述安全运动参数范围的下限值,qi为所述关节的角度值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000091
为预设的运动参数范围的上限值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000092
为预设的运动参数范围的下限值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000093
为所述关节的可活动范围的上边 界值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000094
为所述关节的可活动范围的下边界值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000095
为预设的角度门限值,β为预设的曲率系数,且β不等于0。
优选地,所述关节制动模块13具体包括:
停止角确定单元,用于当所述关节的当前运动参数超出所述当前的安全运动参数范围时,将所述当前角度值作为所述关节的停止角度值;以及,
关节制动单元,用于根据所述停止角度值控制所述关节制动,以使所述关节静止在所述停止角度值所对应的位置。
进一步地,所述关节制动单元具体包括:
制动信号生成子单元,用于根据所述停止角度值生成制动信号;所述制动信号的计算公式为:
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000096
其中,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000097
为制动信号,kv为预设的微分增益参数,kq为预设的比例增益参数,ωi(t)为所述关节的当前角速度,qi(t)为所述关节的当前角度值,
Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-000098
为所述停止角度值;以及,
关节制动子单元,用于根据所述制动信号控制所述关节制动。
在一个优选的实施方式中,所述关节的运动参数为所述关节的力矩参数、速度参数或角加速度参数中的任意一种;
在一个优选的实施方式中,所述预设的角度门限值等于所述关节的可活动范围的上边界值和下边界值的和的一半。
本发明实施例提供的机械臂的限位保护装置,根据机械臂的关节的当前关节角度值确定当前的安全运动参数范围,进而在当前关节参数超出当前的安全运动参数范围时,控制关节制动。其中,在关节的可活动范围内,关节的每个角度值都一一对应一个安全运动参数范围,可见,本发明中的安全运动参数范围根据关节的当前角度值动态更新,有效地增强了机械臂的限位保护的可靠性。
相应的,本发明实施例还提供一种机器人,包括上述的机械臂的限位保护装置。
本发明实施例提供的机器人,根据其机械臂的关节的当前关节角度值确定当前的安全运动参数范围,若当前关节参数超出当前的安全运动参数范围,则 及时地控制相应的关节制动。其中,在关节的可活动范围内,关节的每个角度值都一一对应一个安全运动参数范围,可见,安全运动参数范围根据关节的当前角度值动态更新,能够有效地增强其机械臂的限位保护的可靠性。
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和变形,这些改进和变形也视为本发明的保护范围。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程,是可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成,所述的程序可存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中,该程序在执行时,可包括如上述各方法的实施例的流程。其中,所述的存储介质可为磁碟、光盘、只读存储记忆体(Read-Only Memory,ROM)或随机存储记忆体(Random Access Memory,RAM)等。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种机械臂的限位保护方法,其特征在于,包括:
    获取机械臂的关节的当前角度值和当前运动参数;
    根据所述关节的当前角度值确定当前的安全运动参数范围;其中,在所述关节的可活动范围内,所述关节的每个角度值都一一对应一个安全运动参数范围;
    当所述关节的当前运动参数超出所述当前的安全运动参数范围时,控制所述关节制动。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的机械臂的限位保护方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述关节的当前角度值确定当前的安全运动参数范围,具体包括:
    根据预设的第一映射关系确定所述当前角度值下的安全运动参数范围的上限值;其中,当所述关节的角度值大于预设的角度门限值,且越接近所述关节的可活动范围的上边界值时,根据所述第一映射关系所确定的安全运动参数范围的上限值的绝对值越小;
    根据预设的第二映射关系确定所述当前角度值下的安全运动参数范围的下限值;其中,当所述关节的角度值小于预设的角度门限值,且越接近所述关节的可活动范围的下边界值时,根据所述第二映射关系所确定的安全运动参数范围的下限值的绝对值越小。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的机械臂的限位保护方法,其特征在于,
    所述第一映射关系具体为:
    Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-100001
    所述第二映射关系具体为:
    Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-100002
    其中,
    Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-100003
    为所述安全运动参数范围的上限值,
    Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-100004
    为所述安全运动参数范围的下限值,qi为所述关节的角度值,
    Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-100005
    为预设的运动参数范围的上限值,
    Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-100006
    为预设的运动参数范围的下限值,
    Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-100007
    为所述关节的可活动范围的上边界值,
    Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-100008
    为所述关节的可活动范围的下边界值,
    Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-100009
    为预设的角度门限值,α为预设的曲率系数,且α大于0。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的机械臂的限位保护方法,其特征在于,
    所述第一映射关系具体为:
    Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-100010
    所述第二映射关系具体为:
    Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-100011
    其中,
    Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-100012
    为所述安全运动参数范围的上限值,
    Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-100013
    为所述安全运动参数范围的下限值,qi为所述关节的角度值,
    Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-100014
    为预设的运动参数范围的上限值,
    Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-100015
    为预设的运动参数范围的下限值,
    Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-100016
    为所述关节的可活动范围的上边界值,
    Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-100017
    为所述关节的可活动范围的下边界值,
    Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-100018
    为预设的角度门限值,β为预设的曲率系数,且β不等于0。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的机械臂的限位保护方法,其特征在于,所述当所述关节的当前运动参数超出所述当前的安全运动参数范围时,控制所述关节制动,具体包括:
    当所述关节的当前运动参数超出所述当前的安全运动参数范围时,将所述当前角度值作为所述关节的停止角度值;
    根据所述停止角度值控制所述关节制动,以使所述关节静止在所述停止角度值所对应的位置。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的机械臂的限位保护方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述停止角度值控制所述关节制动,具体包括:
    根据所述停止角度值生成制动信号;所述制动信号的计算公式为:
    Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-100019
    其中,
    Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-100020
    为制动信号,kv为预设的微分增益参数,kq为预设的比例增益参数,ωi(t)为所述关节的当前角速度,qi(t)为所述关节的当前角度值,
    Figure PCTCN2017104658-appb-100021
    为所述停止角度值;
    根据所述制动信号控制所述关节制动。
  7. 如权利要求1至6任一项所述的机械臂的限位保护方法,其特征在于,所述关节的运动参数为所述关节的力矩参数、速度参数或角加速度参数中的任意一种,并且,所述预设的角度门限值等于所述关节的可活动范围的上边界值和下边界值的和的一半。
  8. 一种机械臂的限位保护装置,其特征在于,包括:
    参数获取模块,用于获取机械臂的关节的当前角度值和当前运动参数;
    参数范围确定模块,用于根据所述关节的当前角度值确定当前的安全运动参数范围;其中,在所述关节的可活动范围内,所述关节的每个角度值都一一对应一个安全运动参数范围;以及,
    关节制动模块,用于当所述关节的当前运动参数超出所述当前的安全运动参数范围时,控制所述关节制动。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的机械臂的限位保护装置,其特征在于,所述参数范围确定模块具体包括:
    上限值确定单元,用于根据预设的第一映射关系确定所述当前角度值下的安全运动参数范围的上限值;其中,当所述关节的角度值大于预设的角度门限值,且越接近所述关节的可活动范围的上边界值时,根据所述第一映射关系所确定的安全运动参数范围的上限值的绝对值越小;以及,
    下限值确定单元,用于根据预设的第二映射关系确定所述当前角度值下的安全运动参数范围的下限值;其中,当所述关节的角度值小于预设的角度门限值,且越接近所述关节的可活动范围的下边界值时,根据所述第二映射关系所确定的安全运动参数范围的下限值的绝对值越小。
  10. 一种机器人,其特征在于,包括如权利要求8或9所述的机械臂的限位保护装置。
PCT/CN2017/104658 2017-05-12 2017-09-29 机械臂的限位保护方法、装置及机器人 Ceased WO2018205488A1 (zh)

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