WO2018200651A1 - Method for enhancing fuel combustion and enhancing the yield of fluid catalytic cracking and hydroprocessing - Google Patents
Method for enhancing fuel combustion and enhancing the yield of fluid catalytic cracking and hydroprocessing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2018200651A1 WO2018200651A1 PCT/US2018/029327 US2018029327W WO2018200651A1 WO 2018200651 A1 WO2018200651 A1 WO 2018200651A1 US 2018029327 W US2018029327 W US 2018029327W WO 2018200651 A1 WO2018200651 A1 WO 2018200651A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- catalyst composition
- combustion
- mixture
- specific catalyst
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
- C10L1/1216—Inorganic compounds metal compounds, e.g. hydrides, carbides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G11/02—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils characterised by the catalyst used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
- C10L2200/04—Organic compounds
- C10L2200/0407—Specifically defined hydrocarbon fractions as obtained from, e.g. a distillation column
- C10L2200/043—Kerosene, jet fuel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
- C10L2200/04—Organic compounds
- C10L2200/0407—Specifically defined hydrocarbon fractions as obtained from, e.g. a distillation column
- C10L2200/0438—Middle or heavy distillates, heating oil, gasoil, marine fuels, residua
- C10L2200/0446—Diesel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2230/00—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
- C10L2230/04—Catalyst added to fuel stream to improve a reaction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2230/00—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
- C10L2230/22—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole for improving fuel economy or fuel efficiency
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2270/00—Specifically adapted fuels
- C10L2270/02—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines
- C10L2270/026—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines for diesel engines, e.g. automobiles, stationary, marine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2270/00—Specifically adapted fuels
- C10L2270/04—Specifically adapted fuels for turbines, planes, power generation
Definitions
- This invention is directed to improved combustion of fuels and in particular combustible hydrocarbon based fuels. More particularly, the invention is directed to a method of mixing a catalyst or enhancer with fuel to reduce harmful emissions, increase power, and improve fuel economy.
- additives and catalytic reduction systems have been proposed to improve fuel economy and reduce combustion exhaust pollutants. While useful, these additives and catalytic reduction systems provide a partial burn where soot deposits remain in engines and exhaust systems (for example in an exhaust gas boilers in ships) instead of burning away.
- diesel fuel is injected into particulate traps in a regeneration cycle to help burn away the particulate matter. While helpful, the process results in dirty oil and wear on the engine as the soot, which is grainy, causes wear on the cylinder and cylinder wall.
- additives have not been able to convert an ultra-low sulfur diesel into a high-quality diesel. Also, additives, due to their limited effect on combustion efficiency, are restricted in the amount of power they produce from fuels. Finally, the additives are limited in their ability to produce greater fuel economy.
- FCC fluid catalytic cracking
- HDP Hydroprocessing
- An objective of the present invention is to provide a method for enhancing fuel combustion that relaxes the hydrocarbon structure of fuel to permit more available oxygen to react with the hydrocarbon.
- a further objective of the present invention is to provide a method of enhancing fuel combustion that reduces harmful emissions, burns fuel more quickly and efficiently, improves horsepower and torque performance and improves fuel economy.
- a method for enhancing fuel combustion includes the step of selecting a specific catalyst compound for use with a preselected type of fuel.
- the catalyst is in liquid form, organic, and metal free.
- the preselected type of fuel includes, but is not limited to, gasoline, ultra-low sulfur diesel, coal, shipping fuel, and jet fuel.
- the specific catalyst compound Upon blending, the specific catalyst compound causes the hydrocarbon structure of the fuel to relax, meaning that the hydrocarbons open up, spread out, and are spaced apart. As a result, available oxygen is able to reach and react to the hydrocarbons during combustion.
- Fig. 1 is a chart showing a reduction in harmful emissions
- Fig. 2 is a chart showing a reduction in harmful emissions
- Fig. 3 is a chart showing pressure generated from the combustion of untreated fuel
- Fig. 4 is a chart showing pressure generated from the combustion of treated fuel
- Fig. 5 is a chart showing horsepower performance with and without treated fuel
- Fig. 6 is a chart showing horsepower performance with and without torque
- Fig. 7A is a chart showing emissions at high altitude
- Fig. 7B is a chart showing emissions at high altitude
- Fig. 7C is a chart showing emissions at high altitude.
- a method for enhancing fuel combustion begins by determining a specific catalyst composition for use with a preselected type of fuel.
- a unique and specific catalyst composition would be selected for gasoline, another for diesel, another for aviation fuel and yet another for a furnace or the like.
- the catalyst is used with fuel for combustion in an internal combustion engine, a turbine, a boiler, jet engine, or furnace as well as for an FCC or HDP process.
- the catalyst is homogenous with the fuel.
- the catalyst composition is of any type that causes the hydrocarbon structure of the fuel to relax (i.e. open and separate) so more of the available oxygen can react with the fuel on a molecular level so that a more complete combustion occurs.
- the catalyst composition leads to a cleaner engine by causing carbon deposits that cause hot spots and NOx emissions to burn away and preventing further deposition since almost no fuel is left unburned or partially burned.
- the top of the pistons are cleaner and carbon deposits on the heads and cylinders are vastly reduced. The engine then runs clean and stays clean as there is no particulate and thus no hot spots leading to better performance. Also, the injector tips remain cleaner.
- the reduction in NOx emissions further reduces high concentrations of ozone at sea level.
- the catalyst composition is in liquid form so that the composition becomes part of the fuel and all molecules are exposed to the catalyst composition and catalyst composition remains in the fuel upgrading the quality of the fuel and the efficiency of the burn in the combustion process.
- the catalyst composition is completely organic, and metal free. This is particularly important as a number of countries prohibit use of a metallic catalyst to aid in the fuel combustion process.
- the conventional fluid catalytic cracking process breaks large hydrocarbon molecules by contacting them with a powdered catalyst at a high temperature and moderate pressure which first vaporizes the hydrocarbons and then breaks them.
- Present catalysts used for cracking are fine powders usually complexed into small pellets or beads with many air pockets with a bulk density of 0.80 to 0.96 g/cm 3 and having a particle size distribution ranging from 10 to 150 ⁇ . While useful, present catalysts have difficulty breaking all the ends of long-chained hydrocarbons and ring complexes such as those found in jet fuel and shipping fuel in particular. As a result, the resulting fuel either does not completely burn or produces black smoke.
- a determined catalyst composition in liquid form as described above, is selected and used in the catalytic cracking process. When the liquid catalytic composition is used, as is shown, the hydrocarbon structure opens increasing the performance of the cracking hydroprocessing.
- the catalyst composition is blended and loaded in a delivery tanker truck.
- the delivery tanker truck delivers the blended mixture to a storage tank or tote at a diesel supplier depot where the blended catalyst composition is pumped into a storage tank.
- a tanker truck is filled with a predetermined amount of the blended catalyst composition from the storage tank as the tanker is filled with fuel.
- the determination catalyst composition has reduced harmful emissions.
- a determined catalyst composition Utilizing Heavy Duty Transient Cycle U. S. Federal Test Procedures the addition of a determined catalyst composition was added to an ultra-low sulfur diesel, 15ppm sulfur.
- Figure 1 shows the important differences between a clean diesel fuel (such as California ULSD diesel) and standard diesel that have significantly more components that lead to toxic emissions shown by the amounts in the difference column for the items marked with an asterisk.
- the results of a test using a blended catalyst composition are shown in Fig. 2, similar to the California-level ULSD reference fuel.
- the determined catalyst composition was also used with multiple Liebe Bahn AG diesel railcars of the VT 628 series during regular service. As a result, catalyst treated fuel reduced diesel consumption on average by 10% compared to non-treated fuel.
- the catalyst composition is also used in relation with coal.
- the result is an increase in yield and a decrease in toxic emissions such as NOx, SOx, and unburned hydrocarbon.
- toxic emissions such as NOx, SOx, and unburned hydrocarbon.
- the catalyst composition assists in reducing NOx and SOx in the exhaust, and this may also reduce the amount of sea water used with SOx removing scrubbers which in turn reduces the amount of energy needed to clean the scrubbers.
- a reaction occurs quicker which further reduces SOx emissions into the atmosphere.
- the catalyst composition When added to jet fuel, the catalyst composition improves the efficiency of jet engines. Because the catalyst composition relaxes the hydrocarbon structure of the fuel, a greater amount of the available oxygen reacts with the jet fuel which reduces the activation energy of the fuel needed for the jet engine to increase the production of thrust and improve the lift on the wings. This is particularly helpful in the stratosphere where jet planes cruise as there is far less oxygen available than at sea level.
- the use of a homogenous catalyst composition improves the efficiency in refinery processes.
- a homogenous catalyst composition is added to crude oil or fractional components of crude oil in a refinery, the principle effect is to relax the complex structure such that the ionic form of the catalyst molecules present in the crude oil or fractional components reduces the activation energy needed for the reactions that are being driven in the reactor.
- the homogenous catalyst composition may allow for the replacement of certain catalyst beds in some processes and be complementary to catalyst bed performance thereby increasing the productivity (rate of production of desired distillate or chemical species).
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BR112019022467-0A BR112019022467A2 (en) | 2017-04-25 | 2018-04-25 | METHOD FOR INTENSIFYING FUEL COMBUSTION |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201762489620P | 2017-04-25 | 2017-04-25 | |
US62/489,620 | 2017-04-25 | ||
US15/961,179 | 2018-04-24 | ||
US15/961,179 US20180305629A1 (en) | 2017-04-25 | 2018-04-24 | Method for enhancing fuel combustion and enhancing the yield of fluid catalytic cracking and hydroprocessing |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2018200651A1 true WO2018200651A1 (en) | 2018-11-01 |
Family
ID=63852702
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2018/029327 WO2018200651A1 (en) | 2017-04-25 | 2018-04-25 | Method for enhancing fuel combustion and enhancing the yield of fluid catalytic cracking and hydroprocessing |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20180305629A1 (en) |
BR (1) | BR112019022467A2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2018200651A1 (en) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5113803A (en) * | 1991-04-01 | 1992-05-19 | Ethyl Petroleum Additives, Inc. | Reduction of Nox emissions from gasoline engines |
US6156081A (en) * | 1997-04-11 | 2000-12-05 | Combustion Technologies, Inc. | Combustion catalyst |
US20090282730A1 (en) * | 2001-11-09 | 2009-11-19 | Robert Wilfred Carroll | Method and composition for improving fuel combustion |
US20100251938A1 (en) * | 2005-03-17 | 2010-10-07 | Nox Ii, Ltd. | Reducing mercury emissions from the burning of coal |
US7927387B1 (en) * | 2007-11-12 | 2011-04-19 | Difilippo Amodio A | Comprehensive gasoline and diesel fuel additive |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2001051800A1 (en) * | 2000-01-14 | 2001-07-19 | Bio-Friendly Corporation | Method for liquid catalyst delivery for combustion processes |
-
2018
- 2018-04-24 US US15/961,179 patent/US20180305629A1/en active Pending
- 2018-04-25 WO PCT/US2018/029327 patent/WO2018200651A1/en active Application Filing
- 2018-04-25 BR BR112019022467-0A patent/BR112019022467A2/en unknown
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5113803A (en) * | 1991-04-01 | 1992-05-19 | Ethyl Petroleum Additives, Inc. | Reduction of Nox emissions from gasoline engines |
US6156081A (en) * | 1997-04-11 | 2000-12-05 | Combustion Technologies, Inc. | Combustion catalyst |
US20090282730A1 (en) * | 2001-11-09 | 2009-11-19 | Robert Wilfred Carroll | Method and composition for improving fuel combustion |
US20100251938A1 (en) * | 2005-03-17 | 2010-10-07 | Nox Ii, Ltd. | Reducing mercury emissions from the burning of coal |
US7927387B1 (en) * | 2007-11-12 | 2011-04-19 | Difilippo Amodio A | Comprehensive gasoline and diesel fuel additive |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
ANONYMOUS: "Solutions for a greener planet", BROCHURE BIOFRIENDLY CORP. & GREEN PLUS LTD., 6 February 2016 (2016-02-06), pages 1 - 13, XP009518322 * |
IACOBESCU, F. ET AL: "Case study on main pollutants monitoring concerning combusting LPG and petrol fuel in a generator with a spark ignition engine", AGIR ULLETIN, 28 March 2016 (2016-03-28), pages 1 - 6, XP055643233, ISSN: 2247-3548 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20180305629A1 (en) | 2018-10-25 |
BR112019022467A2 (en) | 2020-05-12 |
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