WO2018194492A1 - Dispositif de commande d'un système de régénération d'éléments filtrants pour l'élimination industrielle de poussière et de gaz - Google Patents

Dispositif de commande d'un système de régénération d'éléments filtrants pour l'élimination industrielle de poussière et de gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018194492A1
WO2018194492A1 PCT/RU2018/000249 RU2018000249W WO2018194492A1 WO 2018194492 A1 WO2018194492 A1 WO 2018194492A1 RU 2018000249 W RU2018000249 W RU 2018000249W WO 2018194492 A1 WO2018194492 A1 WO 2018194492A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
compressed air
filter elements
air
chamber
gas
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Application number
PCT/RU2018/000249
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English (en)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Андрей Александрович ТРАВКОВ
Original Assignee
Андрей Александрович ТРАВКОВ
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Application filed by Андрей Александрович ТРАВКОВ filed Critical Андрей Александрович ТРАВКОВ
Publication of WO2018194492A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018194492A1/fr

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D46/00Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/02Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y02A50/2351Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust

Definitions

  • the invention relates to environmental protection.
  • the invention relates to devices in the field of purification of process gases and suction air from dust and harmful gaseous components of the air.
  • the invention can be used at the enterprises of ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, at the enterprises of the chemical industry, at the enterprises of the food industry and enterprises of the production of building materials, as well as at other industries where air or gas is required to be cleaned of dust.
  • the invention contemplates the design of a device by pulsed regeneration of horizontally arranged filter bags with compressed air or gas.
  • one of the most widely used cleaning methods is to pass a gas stream through a medium on which particles are deposited on the surface or inside.
  • particles accumulate on the filter material and a dust layer builds up. This creates an increased flow resistance, which results in an increase in pressure drop across the filter element.
  • the filter media may become completely clogged.
  • On-site cleaning can be done in various ways.
  • the filters are cleaned in most cases due to the reverse washing, shaking, or a combination thereof, using short pulses of compressed air, creating a filter-like movement of the filter material, while for a short time the normal gas flow is replaced by an oppositely directed gas flow.
  • the frequency of cleaning and the intensity of cleaning should therefore be chosen in such a way as to ensure optimal functioning.
  • Optimum functioning usually means either the smallest average time interval for dust discharge or the minimum energy consumption for dust separation, provided that the specified upper limit of the average time interval for dust discharge is not prejudiced.
  • the usual principle of control is to carry out work with increased flow resistance, until the pressure drop through the barrier filter reaches the specified upper limit value, after which a cleaning cycle is started, in which all filter elements, for example, filter tubes or filter cartridges, are sequentially cleaned. from textile material, individually or in groups, all elements undergoing the same treatment.
  • a device for generating gas pressure pulses in a device for cleaning dust deposits comprising a combustion chamber combined with a reinforcing horn, in which combustible gas and oxygen is supplied to produce a combustible gas mixture in a substantially elongated combustion chamber with two opposite ends, is ignited gas mixture for generating a pressure pulse by means of symmetrically placed ignition means in the ignition zone located near one end of the combustion chamber, ensuring then initial explosion which causes a pressure wave reflected from the inner walls of said combustion chamber end to form a collision zone, in which the initial explosion is at least partially transformed into a detonation, and provide the release of the pressure pulse from the combustion chamber and its transmission to the amplification horn to create an amplified pulse.
  • the peculiarity is that the combustion wave of the gas mixture burned in the combustion chamber is subjected to self-compression due to the collision of the combustion front at a point located essentially on the central axis of the combustion chamber, due to the reflection of the combustion front from the end of the chamber into which the gas is introduced and air, and due to compression of the combustion front at the other end of the combustion chamber, from which pressure is released into a reinforcing horn (RU 2365434, B08B05 / 02, B08B7 / 02, published on August 27, 2009).
  • the disadvantage of this solution lies in the complexity of the design and insecurity of the process of obtaining a compressed pulse. It is very difficult to withstand the process of creating a combustion wave of a gas mixture burned in a combustion chamber subjected to self-compression due to a collision of the combustion front at a point located essentially on the central axis of the combustion chamber due to reflection of the combustion front from the end of the chamber.
  • a device for the regeneration of filter elements using pulses of compressed air including a receiver of compressed air connected through valves to the dispensing pipes, equipped with nozzles located above the outlet of each filter element, each nozzle is made in the form of a “Laval nozzle (RU 75586, B01D 46 / 02, published on 08.20.2008).
  • the control unit for the regeneration of the filtering elements delivers sequential signals to briefly open the electromagnetic or pneumatic valves to supply a pulse of compressed air through the transfer pipes and nozzles to the outlet pipes of the filtering elements.
  • the energy of pulses of compressed air is determined in this case by the rate of flow of compressed air from the nozzle.
  • only one nozzle is known, which makes it possible to create an air outflow rate that exceeds the speed of sound propagation in a given medium, i.e. in the air.
  • This device does not stretch the material of the filter element, since it does not inflate it, but creates a “standing pressure wave” inside the element, which moves along the entire length of the element and through the porous structure of the filter material acts on the outer dust layer and dumps it from the surface of the filter element.
  • dirty gas or air is fed into the main dust collecting chamber via a dirty gas or air pipe through an inlet pipe and this flow is directed to a grid of horizontally arranged frame filter elements.
  • the flow of dirty gas or air is distributed over the volume of the main dust collection chamber and passed through textile shells, dressed on the frames of the filter elements. Clean air or gas enters the filter elements and enters the cleaned air chamber for subsequent removal through the exhaust pipe. And dust, soot, pollution elements settle on the surface of the textile shells of the frame filter elements.
  • the regeneration cycle is directly connected with measuring transducers measuring the pressure in the raw gas chamber and in the clean gas chamber, and measuring transducers measuring the dust concentration at the outlet.
  • Pressure in The raw gas chamber is measured substantially continuously in the clean gas chamber. As the thickness of the dust layer increases, so does the pressure drop.
  • the pressure difference between the raw gas chamber and the clean gas chamber reaches the first predetermined limit value, for example 1400 Pa
  • the cleaning of a number of tubes is started, while this pressure difference, which drops, is continued to be monitored. If, after cleaning, the pressure difference drops by less than 50 Pa, then another row of tubes is cleaned. This is continued until the desired value is reached. Then, the cleaning is interrupted and resumed when the pressure drop through the tubes and the dust layer, i.e., the pressure difference between the raw gas chamber and the clean gas chamber, again reaches 1400 Pa.
  • the impulse tubes are located above the open holes of the filter elements and at a distance from them. From the tubes (in the form of tubular sleeves), a jet stream of gas having a cone-shaped spray torch exits under high pressure. The higher the pressure of the supplied gas, the smaller the opening angle of this torch. But the creation of high pressure is energy-consuming and unsafe, and at a normally sufficient level of pressure, part of the flow coming out under pressure in the periphery of the torch does not enter the cavity of the filter element and "goes" into the chamber wall and into the chamber cavity of the cleaned reptile, increasing its internal pressure. In this regard, part of the energy used to create pressure for cleaning tissue shells is not used in the regeneration process and is irretrievably lost. And that part of the flow that enters the cavity of the filter elements may not have sufficient energy for the formation of the shock front.
  • the present invention is aimed at achieving a technical result, which consists in increasing the productivity and speed of cleaning the filter elements in the main dust collecting chamber while simplifying the design of impulse tubes and reducing energy consumption.
  • the specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the control device of the regeneration system of the filter elements of industrial dust and gas cleaning, containing pipelines located in the chamber of the cleaned air of the filter block with impulse tubes, which are located opposite to the outlet openings of the frame filter elements that are brought into this chamber and at a distance from them for pulse regeneration by compressed air of these elements, while these tubes through the crane and valve equipment are connected with the source the compressed air supply, as well as the control unit of the crane and valve equipment, opposite each row of frame filter elements located in rows horizontally and vertically in two separate sections of purified air and each of which is made of a frame with a fabric shell stretched over it and drowned from one end, there is a separate pipeline with impulse tubes communicated through a separate crane and valve equipment and reinforced hoses in each section with at least one source of compressed air for each
  • the present invention is illustrated by a specific example of execution, which, however, is not the only possible, but clearly demonstrates the possibility of achieving the desired technical result.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of a bag filter and an arrangement of elements of a regeneration device
  • FIG. 2 is a fragment of a bag filter regeneration system
  • FIG. 3 - shows the cleaning process using impulse tubes.
  • a control device for a system for regenerating filter elements of industrial dust and gas treatment a feature of which is high productivity while reducing energy consumption for generating a stream of compressed air used to purge horizontally arranged frame filter elements in a filter unit — a bag filter.
  • a bag filter comprises a housing divided into a main dust collecting chamber 1 (Fig. 1) with an inlet pipe for introducing contaminated air into its cavity. And in the cavity of this chamber, in the baghouse 2 in the upper and lower separate sections, frame filter elements 3 (Fig. 1) are fixed, located horizontally in rows horizontally and vertically in each section, the chamber 4 (Fig. 1) of purified air with exhaust air a pipe for purified air, into which the open ends 5 of the frame filter elements 3 are removed, and a hopper (not shown) located under the main dust collecting chamber.
  • a feature of this bag filter is that due to a change in the design of the frame filter elements it has become possible to increase the density of their laying in the bag grate of the main dust collecting chamber 1.
  • Each filter element 3 is a lattice structure of a metal frame, on which is stretched a textile sheath with the function of filtering air or gas.
  • dirty gas or air is supplied (pos. 8) (Fig. 1).
  • the filter cloth of the filter element Using the filter cloth of the filter element, the dust that is deposited on the filter cloth is filtered, and the purified gas or air enters the internal cavity of the filter element, where the frame of the filter element is located. Then clean gas or air is removed (pos.
  • the filter element consists of a metal frame and a fabric tubular textile shell stretched over this frame, sewn from the filter material.
  • a specific feature of the filter material (filter cloth) is its throughput capacity, which allows the passage of clean gas or air while dust, soot and other contaminants remain on the surface of the material.
  • materials made of fiberglass Paint Stop and Dust Stop, meltblown (Art. Filter materials, published on the site of the MAC Group of companies, http: // ⁇ vww.masvent.ni/tovari / filtromatt), non-woven filter cloth FilTek FT-500-P5 2 (website "VENTILYATsiya CJSC", http://www.ventplus.ru/en/potolokf5/), bag-type filter elements of CJSC SPACE-MOTOR.
  • the fabric tubular shell is made with a blind at one end to cover the end part of the metal frame and open at the other end.
  • the open end is used to discharge purified gas or air from the bag filter.
  • an end plate with bent sides is attached to the frame, to which the bent ends of the metal rods of the longitudinal edges of the frame are welded. Since the fabric tubular sleeve has a lower strength with respect to the metal frame structure and is a stitched structure, when a pulse pressure is applied to the cavity of the filter element (to clean the surface of the fabric sleeve from accumulated dirt), a powerful air impact occurs along the sleeve, including drowned part of it.
  • This pneumatic shock (shock air or gas wave) is towards the muffled part of the shell, which leads to the destruction of the sleeve in this zone.
  • longitudinal ribs in the area of the blind end face of the sleeve are welded to the end plate, which is a shock wave limiter and a sleeve fuse. The shock wave is reflected from the plate and changes the motion vector.
  • the purification of the shells in sections is carried out during the period of blocking the access of dirty air to the main dust collection chamber 1 or during the period when this contaminated air or gas does not come from the industrial enterprise (the mode of disconnecting from receiving purified air from one section when the other section is in the mode of receiving purified air) .
  • the control unit of the crane and valve equipment is configured to supply pulses of compressed air into separate tubes of one section disconnected from receiving cleaned air when the other section is in the mode of receiving cleaned air. This mode allows periodic regeneration of the filter elements during the period when the cleaning in the second section is performed as planned.
  • Essential in this bag filter is the cross-sectional shape of the frame (flattened) and the arrangement of the filter elements with a long transverse vertical dimension of the bag grate.
  • This arrangement allows you to accumulate pollution mainly on the lateral flat sections of the shell and on the conical protrusions. This allows not only to increase the cleaning of the dirty stream, but also to provide high cleaning of the shell when it is purged with a pulse of compressed air from the inside. Since, according to the gas law, air pressure in a closed volume is distributed in all directions equally, then with a pneumatic shock, a certain stretching of the shell occurs over its entire surface, which leads to the destruction of accumulations.
  • the frame filter elements are located in the upper and lower sections, opposite the filter elements in each of which and for each vertical row of these elements are located separate pipelines 6 with impulse tubes 7.
  • These impulse tubes are located at such a distance from the open ends of the filter elements for supplying compressed air so that at a flare angle of 6-8 ° the emitted pulse of compressed air covers the entire cross section of the open end of the filter element.
  • a sharp increase in pressure in the cavity of the shell occurs, leading to its deformation, including the wave. This ensures the destruction of the accumulated pollution on the shell due to the fact that the shell and the layer of pollution have different expansion. Having reached the plug in the cavity of the filter element, the shock wave returns in the opposite direction towards the open end, but with less energy. During the reverse stroke, the pressure also expands on the shell, which again leads to the dumping of accumulation residues.
  • the entire volume of the pulse in its flare zone falls into the cavity of the frame of the filter element, that is, there is no loss of air mass and, therefore, the pulse energy.
  • the ends of the impulse tubes should be located at a distance of 63-68 mm from the open ends of the frame filter elements.
  • the air mass pulse emerging from the impulse tube acquires a conical shape with a torch opening angle of 6-8 °.
  • a torch opening angle 6-8 °.
  • the optimal distance is 66 mm. With the best choice distance torch enters the cavity guaranteed.
  • impulse tubes fixed stationary in the purified gas chamber impede the operation of extracting filter elements from the baghouse.
  • the receivers as sources of compressed air, are made in the form of at least one plugged pipe 11 (Fig. 1) with an inner diameter of not more than 150 mm, communicated with the site of its filling with compressed air. Such sources are classified as relatively safe.
  • Another feature of the claimed invention is that there is no need to lay long sections of pipelines connecting pipelines 6 to the source / s of compressed air.
  • These sources can be mounted on the upper and / or lower (bottom) wall of the purified air chamber, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the lengths of the connecting hoses and pipelines, which are reinforced through a separate crane 12 and valve 13 equipment, are sharply reduced hoses 14 are connected to a source of compressed air.
  • the use of reinforced hoses in the chain of connections before the supply of compressed air to the pipeline 6 eliminates the influence of the temperature difference between the temperature of the compressed air and the ambient temperature. This allows you to maintain the original parameters for temperature and pressure of the compressed air supplied through the hoses until it leaves the impulse tubes 7.
  • Reinforced hoses have high strength and are inert to corrosion processes, including cavitation corrosion to which the metal walls of pipelines undergo impact gases of the fluid at the time of transition of the liquid into a gaseous state.
  • Such a source of compressed air can be used as a common one for several pipelines 6.
  • the compressed air pressure from the plugged pipe 11 is supplied through, for example, a crane apparatus (valve 12 in a square distribution pipe 15, to which pipelines 6 are connected via valve apparatus 13.
  • the present invention is industrially applicable and can be implemented in industrial cleaning complexes.
  • the invention improves the productivity and speed of cleaning filter elements while simplifying the design of impulse tubes and reducing energy consumption.
  • the increase in productivity and cleaning speed is due to the fact that a complete pulse of air / gas enters the cavity of the filter elements without losing its energy. This leads to improved cleaning efficiency and reduced time for this process.
  • the decrease in energy consumption is due to the fact that while maintaining the full energy of the pulse, there is no need to increase the pressure in this pulse, which leads to a decrease in energy consumption for the operation of equipment that creates pressure in the receivers.
  • simple-shaped tubes of the type of bushings can seriously simplify the design of the regeneration system.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne le domaine de la protection de l'environnement. Le dispositif de régénération d'éléments filtrants pour l'élimination industrielle de poussière et de gaz comprend des canalisations disposées dans la chambre d'air purifié du bloc de filtrage et dotées de tubes à impulsions qui sont ménagées en face des orifices de sortie d'éléments filtrants à carcasse débouchant dans cette chambre et destinés à la régénération par air comprimé pulsé desdits éléments. Ces tubes communiquent par un système de robinetterie et de soupapes avec une source d'air comprimé. En face de chaque rangée d'élément filtrants à carcasse, qui sont disposés en rangées à horizontalement et verticalement et dont chacun est constitué d'une carcasse sur laquelle est tendue une enveloppe en tissu et est bouché à l'une des extrémités, on a ménagé une canalisation séparées avec des tubes à impulsions qui communiquent via un système séparé de robinetterie et de soupapes avec une source d'air comprimé qui se présente comme au moins un tube bouche ayant un diamètre intérieur de 150 mm au maximum qui communique avec l'unité de remplissage avec de l'air comprimé. Les tubes à impulsions sont disposés à une certaine distance par rapport aux extrémités ouvertes des éléments filtrants à carcasse pour l'amenée d'air froid à un angle d'ouverture de la torche égal à 6-8°.
PCT/RU2018/000249 2017-04-20 2018-04-19 Dispositif de commande d'un système de régénération d'éléments filtrants pour l'élimination industrielle de poussière et de gaz WO2018194492A1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2017113556A RU2652687C1 (ru) 2017-04-20 2017-04-20 Устройство управления системой регенерации фильтровальных элементов промышленной пыле- газоочистки
RU2017113556 2017-04-20

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110000158A (zh) * 2019-04-23 2019-07-12 中国电力工程顾问集团西北电力设计院有限公司 一种程控气相电气开关柜除尘系统及控制方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU195470U1 (ru) * 2018-12-21 2020-01-29 Хенкин Михаил Александрович Рукавный фильтр

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6309435B1 (en) * 1997-09-18 2001-10-30 The Young Industries, Inc. Bag dump apparatus
RU2257940C2 (ru) * 2000-01-31 2005-08-10 Альстом Пауэр Н.В. Способ очистки фильтра
US8226738B2 (en) * 2010-05-17 2012-07-24 Air-Cure Incorporated Wire filter cage locking mechanism
RU2573513C2 (ru) * 2012-06-11 2016-01-20 Александр Савельевич Сосонкин Способ очистки грязного газа или воздуха от пыли в рукавном фильтре с помощью решетки и горизонтально расположенных рукавов рукавного фильтра

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU1773452A1 (ru) * 1990-01-03 1992-11-07 Proizv Ob Zashchite Atmosfery Рукавный фильтр с импульсной регенерацией

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6309435B1 (en) * 1997-09-18 2001-10-30 The Young Industries, Inc. Bag dump apparatus
RU2257940C2 (ru) * 2000-01-31 2005-08-10 Альстом Пауэр Н.В. Способ очистки фильтра
US8226738B2 (en) * 2010-05-17 2012-07-24 Air-Cure Incorporated Wire filter cage locking mechanism
RU2573513C2 (ru) * 2012-06-11 2016-01-20 Александр Савельевич Сосонкин Способ очистки грязного газа или воздуха от пыли в рукавном фильтре с помощью решетки и горизонтально расположенных рукавов рукавного фильтра

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110000158A (zh) * 2019-04-23 2019-07-12 中国电力工程顾问集团西北电力设计院有限公司 一种程控气相电气开关柜除尘系统及控制方法
CN110000158B (zh) * 2019-04-23 2024-03-26 中国电力工程顾问集团西北电力设计院有限公司 一种程控气相电气开关柜除尘系统及控制方法

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