WO2018193784A1 - Hydroponic culture apparatus - Google Patents
Hydroponic culture apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018193784A1 WO2018193784A1 PCT/JP2018/011320 JP2018011320W WO2018193784A1 WO 2018193784 A1 WO2018193784 A1 WO 2018193784A1 JP 2018011320 W JP2018011320 W JP 2018011320W WO 2018193784 A1 WO2018193784 A1 WO 2018193784A1
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- nutrient solution
- tank
- cultivation
- discharge
- filter
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
- A01G31/02—Special apparatus therefor
- A01G31/06—Hydroponic culture on racks or in stacked containers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation apparatus for cultivating a plant without using soil.
- a hydroponic cultivation device feeds nutrient solution from a nutrient solution tank that stores the nutrient solution to a cultivation tank that grows the plant and absorbs the nutrient solution from the roots of the plant to provide nutrients to the plant. ing.
- the nutrient solution is circulated between the cultivation tank and the nutrient solution tank using a pump (see Patent Document 1).
- the present invention has been made in view of such problems of the conventional technology. And the objective of this invention provides the hydroponic cultivation apparatus which can suppress the raise of the liquid level of a nutrient solution to the extent which does not have a bad influence on a plant, even if clogging occurs in the discharge filter in a cultivation tank. That is.
- a hydroponic cultivation apparatus includes a cultivation tank that forms a flow path through which a nutrient solution flows, a nutrient solution tank that stores the nutrient solution, and the nutrient solution from the nutrient solution tank to the cultivation tank.
- a supply channel that leads, a discharge channel that guides the nutrient solution from the cultivation tank to the nutrient solution tank, and between the nutrient solution tank and the cultivation tank via the supply channel and the discharge channel
- a pump that circulates the nutrient solution, and a discharge filter that is provided in the cultivation tank and removes foreign substances from the nutrient solution that flows from the cultivation tank to the discharge channel, and the discharge filter is clogged.
- the liquid level of the nutrient solution in the cultivation tank has a function of preventing the liquid level from rising to a position above a predetermined height position.
- the increase in the level of the nutrient solution can be suppressed to the extent that the plant is not adversely affected.
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment includes a multistage rack 200.
- a cultivation tank 106 is placed on each stage of the multistage rack 200.
- Hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment grows plant 10 without using soil.
- the plant 10 is assumed to be a potato as an example of root vegetables.
- the plant 10 includes a tuber 11, a main stem 12 extending from the tuber 11, a root 13 extending from an underground portion of the main stem 12, and a leaf 14 formed on the ground portion of the main stem 12.
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 uses the power supply of the power supply box 300 to cause the illumination unit 101 to irradiate the plant 10 with light and to drive a pump 107 described later.
- the leaves 14 of the plant 10 perform photosynthesis with the light emitted from the illumination unit 101.
- a transparent heat suppression plate (not shown) that transmits light from the illumination unit 101 while suppressing adverse effects due to heat of the illumination unit 101 is provided between the illumination unit 101 and the plant 10. .
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 has a horizontal bar 150 and a horizontal bar fixed to the vertical rail of the rack 200 so as to cross a position approximately in the middle of the height of the main stem 12 of the plant 10 in the ground space 102.
- an intermediate illumination unit 151 extending in the horizontal direction along the bar 150.
- the rack 200 and the horizontal bar 150 are formed of a metal having high thermal conductivity such as aluminum. Therefore, the heat generated by the intermediate illumination unit 151 is conducted from the horizontal bar 150 to the rack 200. Accordingly, the heat generated by the intermediate illumination unit 151 can be diffused to the outside while realizing the promotion of photosynthesis of the plant 10 based on the light emitted by the intermediate illumination unit 151. As a result, the adverse effect of the heat generated by the intermediate illumination unit 151 on the plant 10 can be suppressed, and the growth of the plant 10 can be promoted.
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 includes a cultivation tank 106.
- the cultivation tank 106 stores the nutrient solution 50 therein.
- the tuber 11 of the plant 10 is held by a mesh-like holding unit 105, and the root 13 of the plant 10 passes through the mesh of the holding unit 105 and reaches the nutrient solution 50.
- maintenance part 105 may have many through-holes which the root 13 passes in a part of plate-shaped part. According to this structure, the plant 10 can absorb the nutrient solution 50 and grow.
- the nutrient solution 50 is supplied to each of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106 via the supply channel 109 by the pump 107.
- the cultivation tank 106 includes a partition portion 103 attached in the vicinity of the upper end opening.
- the partition 103 divides the ground space 102 where the above-ground part of the plant 10 grows and the underground space 104 where the underground part of the plant 10 grows.
- the underground space 104 is surrounded by the partition 103 and the cultivation tank 106.
- the ground space 102 is open, and the leaves 14 of the plants 10 are emitted from the illumination unit 101 provided on the lower surface of the rack 200 and the intermediate illumination unit 151 provided on the lower surface of the horizontal bar 150. In response, photosynthesis is performed.
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 includes a cultivation tank 106, a nutrient solution tank 108, a supply channel 109, a discharge channel 110, a pump 107, and a nutrient solution amount adjustment unit 120.
- the nutrient solution amount adjustment unit 120 is a valve that maintains a constant flow rate.
- FIG. 1 although the example in which the two cultivation tanks 106 are arranged in the up-down direction is shown, three or more cultivation tanks 106 may be arranged in the up-down direction.
- the plurality of cultivation tanks 106 are provided at different height positions. Each of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106 constitutes a part of a flow path through which the nutrient solution 50 flows.
- the nutrient solution tank 108 stores the nutrient solution 50 supplied to the cultivation tank 106.
- the supply channel 109 guides the nutrient solution 50 from the nutrient solution tank 108 to each of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106.
- the discharge channel 110 guides the nutrient solution 50 from each of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106 to the nutrient solution tank 108.
- a discharge filter 202 is provided in each of the flow paths from the plurality of cultivation tanks 106 to the discharge flow path 110.
- An inflow filter 301 is provided in a flow path from the discharge flow path 110 to the nutrient solution tank 108.
- the pump 107 is provided in the nutrient solution tank 108 and circulates the nutrient solution 50 between the nutrient solution tank 108 and each of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106 via the supply channel 109 and the discharge channel 110. .
- Each of the plurality of nutrient solution amount adjusting units 120 is provided in each of the plurality of branch channels 109b branched from the main channel 109a of the supply channel 109, and adjusts the flow rate of the nutrient solution 50 flowing through the branch channel 109b. That is, the plurality of nutrient solution amount adjusting units 120 are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of branch channels 109b.
- the plurality of nutrient solution adjustment units 120 are valves that make the amounts flowing through the plurality of branch channels 109b the same.
- the nutrient solution 50 discharged from the cultivation tank 106 flows through the plurality of branch pipes 110a, and then merges in the trunk pipe 110b.
- the nutrient solution 50 flows from the trunk pipe 110 b of the discharge channel 110 into the nutrient tank 108.
- the plurality of nutrient solution amount adjustment units 120 can prevent the flow rate of the nutrient solution 50 supplied to each of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106 from being determined depending on the height of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106. Anything can be used. In other words, the plurality of nutrient solution adjusting units 120 may adjust the flow rate of the nutrient solution 50 flowing into each of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106 in any manner.
- the cultivation tank 106 constitutes a flow path through which the nutrient solution 50 flows, and has a discharge port 110X that discharges the nutrient solution 50.
- the nutrient solution 50 flows into the discharge channel 110 from the discharge port 110X.
- a discharge filter 202 is provided upstream of the discharge port 110X.
- the discharge filter 202 has a function of suppressing the liquid level of the nutrient solution 50 in the cultivation tank 106 from rising to a position above a predetermined height position when clogged.
- the predetermined height position is a height position such that the nutrient solution 50 does not adversely affect the plant 10 in the cultivation tank 106.
- the predetermined height position may be, for example, a height position such that the liquid surface of the nutrient solution 50 does not come into contact with the tubers 11 and tubers (not shown) newly formed on the underground stems extending from the tubers 11.
- the predetermined height position may be, for example, a position below the holding unit 105 by a certain distance. Note that the reference position of the predetermined height position is the position of the bottom surface of the cultivation tank 106 in the present embodiment.
- the discharge filter 202 has a film structure extending in the vertical direction. There is no filter at the position 202 a between the discharge filter 202 and the discharge port 110 ⁇ / b> X so that the nutrient solution 50 flows into the discharge flow path 110.
- the discharge filter 202 connects the inner surfaces facing each other of the cultivation tank 106. It is installed like a flat wall. In the present embodiment, the discharge filter 202 is disposed so as to extend upward from the bottom surface of the cultivation tank 106.
- the discharge filter 202 may have a shape obtained by cutting the circumferential surface of the cylinder with a plane along the central axis.
- the discharge filter 202 as a membrane structure extending in the up-down direction may have a shape obtained by cutting the peripheral surface of the square tube with a plane along the direction in which the square tube extends.
- the discharge filter 202 as a membrane structure extending in the vertical direction may have a cylindrical structure.
- the discharge filter 202 may have a shape along the peripheral surface of the square tube.
- the vertically extending membrane structure constituting the discharge filter 202 has a shape in which the nutrient solution 50 flows over the upper end of the membrane structure and flows into the discharge channel 110 when the discharge filter 202 is clogged. Anything may be used.
- the nutrient solution 50 flows from the root side of the plant 10 of the discharge filter 202 to the discharge port 110 ⁇ / b> X side of the discharge filter 202 via the discharge filter 202.
- the discharge filter 202 removes predetermined foreign matter from the nutrient solution 50 flowing from the cultivation tank 106 into the discharge flow path 110.
- the nutrient solution 50 flows into the discharge flow path 110 from the position 202a between the discharge filter 202 and the discharge port 110X, as indicated by the dashed arrow.
- the nutrient solution 50 is prevented from rising above the upper end of the discharge filter 202. Therefore, the tuber 11 cultivated on the holding part 105 at a position higher than the position 202a between the discharge filter 202 and the discharge port 110X is not immersed in the nutrient solution 50. Therefore, the rot of the tuber 11 resulting from the tuber 11 being immersed in the nutrient solution 50 for a long time is suppressed.
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 includes a cultivation tank 106, a nutrient solution tank 108, and an inflow filter 301.
- the nutrient solution tank 108 has an inflow port 110 ⁇ / b> Y through which the nutrient solution 50 flowing through the discharge channel 110 flows.
- the inflow filter 301 is provided at a position where the nutrient solution 50 flowing into the nutrient solution tank 108 from the inlet 110Y passes.
- the inflow filter 301 removes specific foreign matters smaller than the predetermined foreign matter removed from the nutrient solution 50 by the discharge filter 202 described above. That is, the inflow filter 301 has a smaller mesh than the discharge filter 202, and can remove small specific foreign matters that cannot be removed by the discharge filter 202.
- the inflow filter 301 is provided so as to completely block the flow path, but allows the nutrient solution 50 to pass therethrough.
- the inflow filter 301 is a commonly used filter, and has a planar film structure provided along a plane perpendicular to the direction in which the nutrient solution 50 flows.
- the inflow filter 301 may have any shape and arrangement.
- the exhaust filter 202 has a coarser mesh than the inflow filter 301 and is not easily clogged. Therefore, if the inflow filter 301 is replaced more frequently than the discharge filter 202, the nutrient solution 50 rises to a height position where the nutrient solution 50 contacts the plant 10 in the cultivation tank 106 due to clogging of the discharge filter 202. The possibility that it can be prevented increases. According to this, although the several discharge filter 202 is each provided in the some cultivation tank 106, since only one inflow filter 301 is provided in one nutrient solution tank 108, in the whole hydroponics apparatus The burden for replacing the filter is reduced.
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 As shown in FIG. 8, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment has a nutrient solution 50 between one nutrient solution tank 108 and one cultivation tank 106, and one discharge channel 1100 and 1. It circulates through one supply channel 1090.
- the nutrient solution amount adjustment unit 120 is provided in the supply channel 1090.
- the rack 200 of the present embodiment is one stage fewer than the rack 200 of the first embodiment.
- the discharge filter 202 and the inflow filter 301 of the first embodiment are provided in the cultivation tank 106 and the nutrient solution tank 108, respectively. Therefore, the same effect as that obtained by the discharge filter 202 and the inflow filter 301 of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of the first embodiment can be obtained.
- the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 includes a cultivation tank 106, a nutrient solution tank 108, a supply channel 109, a discharge channel 110, a pump 107, and a discharge filter 202.
- the cultivation tank 106 constitutes a flow path through which the nutrient solution 50 flows.
- the nutrient solution tank 108 stores the nutrient solution 50.
- the supply channel 109 guides the nutrient solution 50 from the nutrient solution tank 108 to the cultivation tank 106.
- the discharge flow path 110 guides the nutrient solution 50 from the cultivation tank 106 to the nutrient solution tank 108.
- the pump 107 circulates the nutrient solution 50 between the nutrient solution tank 108 and the cultivation tank 106 via the supply channel 109 and the discharge channel 110.
- the discharge filter 202 is provided in the cultivation tank 106 and removes predetermined foreign substances from the nutrient solution 50 flowing out from the cultivation tank 106 to the discharge channel 110.
- the discharge filter 202 has a function of suppressing the liquid level of the nutrient solution 50 in the cultivation tank 106 from rising to a position above a predetermined height position when clogged.
- the increase in the level of the nutrient solution 50 can be suppressed to the extent that the plant 10 is not adversely affected.
- the discharge filter 202 has a membrane structure extending in the height direction of the nutrient solution 50, and may be arranged so that the nutrient solution 50 flows over the upper end of the membrane structure and flows into the discharge channel 110.
- the liquid level of the nutrient solution 50 in the cultivation tank 106 rises to a position above a predetermined height position with a simple configuration. It is preferable to further include an inflow filter 301 that is provided in the liquid tank 108 and removes specific foreign substances smaller than predetermined foreign substances from the nutrient solution 50 flowing into the nutrient solution tank 108 from the discharge channel 110.
- the cultivation tank 106 may be a plurality of cultivation tanks 106 provided at different height positions. Even if the supply flow path 109 has the trunk flow path 109a and the some branch flow path 109b branched from the trunk flow path 109a so that the nutrient solution 50 may be guide
- the plurality of branch channels 109b may be provided with a plurality of nutrient solution amount adjustment units 120 that adjust the flow rate of the nutrient solution 50 flowing into the plurality of cultivation tanks 106, respectively. According to this, it is possible to avoid the adverse effects caused by the amount of nutrient solution 50 supplied to each of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106 arranged in the vertical direction depending on the height of each cultivation tank 106. it can.
- the plurality of nutrient solution adjustment units 120 have the same flow rate of nutrient solution flowing into each of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106. According to this, even if a difference occurs between the pressures generated in the nutrient solution 50 flowing through each of the plurality of branch channels 109b due to the different height positions of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106, the unit A substantially equal amount of nutrient solution 50 can be supplied to the plurality of cultivation tanks 106 per hour.
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Abstract
A hydroponic culture apparatus (100) is equipped with a culture vessel (106) which constitutes a flow path through which a nutrient solution (50) can flow, a nutrient solution vessel (108) in which the nutrient solution (50) is to be stored, a supply flow path (109) through which the nutrient solution (50) is guided from the nutrient solution vessel (108) to the culture vessel (106), a discharge flow path (110) through which the nutrient solution (50) is guided from the culture vessel (106) to the nutrient solution vessel (108), a pump (107) which can circulate the nutrient solution (50) between the nutrient solution vessel (108) and the culture vessel (106) through the supply flow path (109) and the discharge flow path (110), and a discharge filter (202) which is arranged inside of the culture vessel (106) and through which a specific foreign matter is removed from the nutrient solution (50) that flows from the culture vessel (106) into the discharge flow path (110), wherein the discharge filter (202) has a function to prevent the rise of the liquid level of the nutrient solution (50) in the culture vessel (106) to a position above a position having a predetermined height when the discharge filter (202) is clogged.
Description
本発明は、土壌を使用することなく、植物を栽培する水耕栽培装置に関する。
The present invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation apparatus for cultivating a plant without using soil.
従来から、養液を貯留する養液槽から植物を栽培する栽培槽へ養液を供給し、植物の根から養液を吸収させることにより植物に養分を与える水耕栽培装置の開発が行われている。このような水耕栽培装置においては、栽培槽と養液槽との間でポンプを用いて養液を循環させている(特許文献1参照)。
Conventionally, a hydroponic cultivation device has been developed that feeds nutrient solution from a nutrient solution tank that stores the nutrient solution to a cultivation tank that grows the plant and absorbs the nutrient solution from the roots of the plant to provide nutrients to the plant. ing. In such a hydroponic cultivation apparatus, the nutrient solution is circulated between the cultivation tank and the nutrient solution tank using a pump (see Patent Document 1).
上記した従来の水耕栽培装置においては、植物から落下した古い組織等の異物が栽培槽内に残存する。この異物が栽培槽から排出流路へ流れ込むと、排出流路が詰まる等の弊害が生じる。そのため、栽培槽から排出流路へ流れ込む養液から異物を除去する排出フィルタを栽培槽内に設けることが考えられる。しかしながら、排出フィルタに目詰まりが生じるおそれがある。排出フィルタに目詰まりが生じると、栽培槽内の養液の液面の高さが上昇する。それにより、栽培槽内で育成されている植物が養液に接触してしまう場合もある。この場合、植物に腐敗が生じるおそれがある。
In the conventional hydroponic cultivation apparatus described above, foreign matters such as old tissues that have fallen from the plants remain in the cultivation tank. When this foreign substance flows from the cultivation tank into the discharge channel, there are problems such as clogging of the discharge channel. Therefore, it is conceivable to provide a discharge filter in the cultivation tank that removes foreign substances from the nutrient solution flowing from the cultivation tank into the discharge channel. However, the discharge filter may be clogged. When clogging occurs in the discharge filter, the level of the nutrient solution in the cultivation tank increases. Thereby, the plant grown in the cultivation tank may come into contact with the nutrient solution. In this case, the plant may rot.
本発明は、このような従来技術の有する課題に鑑みてなされたものである。そして、本発明の目的は、栽培槽内の排出フィルタに目詰まりが生じても、養液の液面の上昇を植物に悪影響を与えない程度に抑制することができる水耕栽培装置を提供することである。
The present invention has been made in view of such problems of the conventional technology. And the objective of this invention provides the hydroponic cultivation apparatus which can suppress the raise of the liquid level of a nutrient solution to the extent which does not have a bad influence on a plant, even if clogging occurs in the discharge filter in a cultivation tank. That is.
本発明の一態様に係る水耕栽培装置は、養液が流れる流路を構成する栽培槽と、前記養液を貯留する養液槽と、前記養液槽から前記栽培槽へ前記養液を導く供給流路と、前記栽培槽から前記養液槽へ前記養液を導く排出流路と、前記供給流路および前記排出流路を経由して前記養液槽と前記栽培槽との間で前記養液を循環させるポンプと、前記栽培槽内に設けられ、前記栽培槽から前記排出流路へ流れ出る前記養液から異物を除去する排出フィルタと、を備え、前記排出フィルタは、目詰まりした場合に、前記栽培槽内の前記養液の液面が所定の高さ位置よりも上側の位置まで上昇することを抑制する機能を有する。
A hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention includes a cultivation tank that forms a flow path through which a nutrient solution flows, a nutrient solution tank that stores the nutrient solution, and the nutrient solution from the nutrient solution tank to the cultivation tank. A supply channel that leads, a discharge channel that guides the nutrient solution from the cultivation tank to the nutrient solution tank, and between the nutrient solution tank and the cultivation tank via the supply channel and the discharge channel A pump that circulates the nutrient solution, and a discharge filter that is provided in the cultivation tank and removes foreign substances from the nutrient solution that flows from the cultivation tank to the discharge channel, and the discharge filter is clogged. In this case, the liquid level of the nutrient solution in the cultivation tank has a function of preventing the liquid level from rising to a position above a predetermined height position.
本発明によれば、栽培槽内の排出フィルタに目詰まりが生じても、養液の液面の上昇を植物に悪影響を与えない程度に抑制することができる。
According to the present invention, even if the discharge filter in the cultivation tank is clogged, the increase in the level of the nutrient solution can be suppressed to the extent that the plant is not adversely affected.
以下、図面を参照しながら、実施の形態の水耕栽培装置を説明する。
Hereinafter, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.
各実施の形態において、同一の参照符号が付されている部位は、同一の機能を有するものとする。したがって、特に必要がなければ、同一参照符号が付された部位の機能の説明は繰り返さない。
In each embodiment, parts denoted by the same reference numerals have the same function. Therefore, unless otherwise necessary, the description of the function of the part to which the same reference numeral is attached will not be repeated.
(実施の形態1)
図1に示されるように、本実施の形態の水耕栽培装置100は、多段式のラック200を備えている。多段式のラック200のそれぞれの段には、栽培槽106が載置されている。本実施の形態の水耕栽培装置100は、土壌を使用せずに植物10を栽培する。植物10は、根菜類の一例のジャガイモであるものとする。植物10は、塊茎11と、塊茎11から延びる主茎12と、主茎12の地下部から延びる根13と、主茎12の地上部に形成された葉14と、を有している。 (Embodiment 1)
As shown in FIG. 1, thehydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment includes a multistage rack 200. A cultivation tank 106 is placed on each stage of the multistage rack 200. Hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment grows plant 10 without using soil. The plant 10 is assumed to be a potato as an example of root vegetables. The plant 10 includes a tuber 11, a main stem 12 extending from the tuber 11, a root 13 extending from an underground portion of the main stem 12, and a leaf 14 formed on the ground portion of the main stem 12.
図1に示されるように、本実施の形態の水耕栽培装置100は、多段式のラック200を備えている。多段式のラック200のそれぞれの段には、栽培槽106が載置されている。本実施の形態の水耕栽培装置100は、土壌を使用せずに植物10を栽培する。植物10は、根菜類の一例のジャガイモであるものとする。植物10は、塊茎11と、塊茎11から延びる主茎12と、主茎12の地下部から延びる根13と、主茎12の地上部に形成された葉14と、を有している。 (Embodiment 1)
As shown in FIG. 1, the
水耕栽培装置100は、電源ボックス300の電源を利用して、照明部101に光を植物10へ照射させ、また、後述されるポンプ107を駆動する。植物10の葉14は、照明部101から照射された光によって光合成を行う。照明部101と植物10との間には、照明部101の熱による悪影響を抑制しながら、照明部101の光を透過させる透明の熱抑制板(図示せず)が設けられていることが好ましい。
The hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 uses the power supply of the power supply box 300 to cause the illumination unit 101 to irradiate the plant 10 with light and to drive a pump 107 described later. The leaves 14 of the plant 10 perform photosynthesis with the light emitted from the illumination unit 101. It is preferable that a transparent heat suppression plate (not shown) that transmits light from the illumination unit 101 while suppressing adverse effects due to heat of the illumination unit 101 is provided between the illumination unit 101 and the plant 10. .
さらに、水耕栽培装置100は、地上空間102において、植物10の主茎12の地上部の高さのほぼ中間の位置を横切るように、ラック200の縦桟に固定された横バー150と横バー150に沿って水平方向に延びる中間照明部151とを備えている。ラック200と横バー150とはアルミニウム等の熱伝導率の高い金属で形成されている。そのため、中間照明部151が発した熱は、横バー150からラック200へ伝導される。したがって、中間照明部151が発する光に基づく植物10の光合成の促進を実現しながら、中間照明部151が発する熱を外部へ拡散させることができる。その結果、中間照明部151が発する熱が植物10へ与える悪影響を抑制して、植物10の成長を促進させることができる。
Furthermore, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 has a horizontal bar 150 and a horizontal bar fixed to the vertical rail of the rack 200 so as to cross a position approximately in the middle of the height of the main stem 12 of the plant 10 in the ground space 102. And an intermediate illumination unit 151 extending in the horizontal direction along the bar 150. The rack 200 and the horizontal bar 150 are formed of a metal having high thermal conductivity such as aluminum. Therefore, the heat generated by the intermediate illumination unit 151 is conducted from the horizontal bar 150 to the rack 200. Accordingly, the heat generated by the intermediate illumination unit 151 can be diffused to the outside while realizing the promotion of photosynthesis of the plant 10 based on the light emitted by the intermediate illumination unit 151. As a result, the adverse effect of the heat generated by the intermediate illumination unit 151 on the plant 10 can be suppressed, and the growth of the plant 10 can be promoted.
水耕栽培装置100は、栽培槽106を備えている。植物10が栽培されているときは、栽培槽106は、その内部に養液50を貯留している。植物10の塊茎11は、網目状の保持部105によって保持されており、植物10の根13は、保持部105の網目を通過して養液50まで至っている。ただし、保持部105は、板状部の一部に根13が通過する多数の貫通孔を有するものであってもよい。この構成によれば、植物10は、養液50を吸収して成長することができる。養液50はポンプ107によって供給流路109を経由して複数の栽培槽106のそれぞれに供給される。
The hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 includes a cultivation tank 106. When the plant 10 is cultivated, the cultivation tank 106 stores the nutrient solution 50 therein. The tuber 11 of the plant 10 is held by a mesh-like holding unit 105, and the root 13 of the plant 10 passes through the mesh of the holding unit 105 and reaches the nutrient solution 50. However, the holding | maintenance part 105 may have many through-holes which the root 13 passes in a part of plate-shaped part. According to this structure, the plant 10 can absorb the nutrient solution 50 and grow. The nutrient solution 50 is supplied to each of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106 via the supply channel 109 by the pump 107.
栽培槽106は、その上端開口の近傍に取り付けられた仕切部103を備えている。仕切部103は、植物10の地上部が成長する地上空間102と、植物10の地下部が成長する地下空間104とを区分している。地下空間104は、仕切部103と栽培槽106とによって囲まれている。一方、地上空間102は開放されており、植物10の葉14は、ラック200の棚の下面に設けられた照明部101および横バー150の下面に設けられた中間照明部151から発せられた光を受けて、光合成を行う。
The cultivation tank 106 includes a partition portion 103 attached in the vicinity of the upper end opening. The partition 103 divides the ground space 102 where the above-ground part of the plant 10 grows and the underground space 104 where the underground part of the plant 10 grows. The underground space 104 is surrounded by the partition 103 and the cultivation tank 106. On the other hand, the ground space 102 is open, and the leaves 14 of the plants 10 are emitted from the illumination unit 101 provided on the lower surface of the rack 200 and the intermediate illumination unit 151 provided on the lower surface of the horizontal bar 150. In response, photosynthesis is performed.
水耕栽培装置100は、栽培槽106、養液槽108、供給流路109、排出流路110、ポンプ107、および養液量調節部120を備えている。養液量調節部120は、本実施の形態では、流量を一定に維持する弁である。なお、図1では、2つの栽培槽106が上下方向に並べられている例が示されているが、3以上の栽培槽106が上下方向に並べられてもよい。
The hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 includes a cultivation tank 106, a nutrient solution tank 108, a supply channel 109, a discharge channel 110, a pump 107, and a nutrient solution amount adjustment unit 120. In the present embodiment, the nutrient solution amount adjustment unit 120 is a valve that maintains a constant flow rate. In addition, in FIG. 1, although the example in which the two cultivation tanks 106 are arranged in the up-down direction is shown, three or more cultivation tanks 106 may be arranged in the up-down direction.
本実施の形態においては、複数の栽培槽106は、異なる高さ位置に設けられている。複数の栽培槽106のそれぞれは、養液50が流れる流路の一部を構成している。養液槽108は、栽培槽106に供給される養液50を貯留している。供給流路109は、養液槽108から複数の栽培槽106のそれぞれへ養液50を導く。排出流路110は、複数の栽培槽106のそれぞれから養液槽108へ養液50を導く。複数の栽培槽106のから排出流路110へ至る流路のそれぞれに排出フィルタ202が設けられている。排出流路110から養液槽108へ至る流路に流入フィルタ301が設けられている。
In the present embodiment, the plurality of cultivation tanks 106 are provided at different height positions. Each of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106 constitutes a part of a flow path through which the nutrient solution 50 flows. The nutrient solution tank 108 stores the nutrient solution 50 supplied to the cultivation tank 106. The supply channel 109 guides the nutrient solution 50 from the nutrient solution tank 108 to each of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106. The discharge channel 110 guides the nutrient solution 50 from each of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106 to the nutrient solution tank 108. A discharge filter 202 is provided in each of the flow paths from the plurality of cultivation tanks 106 to the discharge flow path 110. An inflow filter 301 is provided in a flow path from the discharge flow path 110 to the nutrient solution tank 108.
ポンプ107は、養液槽108内に設けられ、養液槽108と複数の栽培槽106のそれぞれとの間で、供給流路109および排出流路110を経由して、養液50を循環させる。複数の養液量調節部120のそれぞれは、供給流路109の幹流路109aから分岐した複数の枝流路109bのそれぞれに設けられ、枝流路109bを流れる養液50の流量を調節する。つまり、複数の養液量調節部120は、複数の枝流路109bに1対1対応で設けられている。複数の養液量調節部120は、複数の枝流路109bを流れる量同士が同一にするバルブである。排出流路110においては、栽培槽106から排出された養液50が、複数の枝管110aを流れ、その後、幹管110bで合流する。養液50は、排出流路110の幹管110bから養液槽108へ流れ込む。
The pump 107 is provided in the nutrient solution tank 108 and circulates the nutrient solution 50 between the nutrient solution tank 108 and each of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106 via the supply channel 109 and the discharge channel 110. . Each of the plurality of nutrient solution amount adjusting units 120 is provided in each of the plurality of branch channels 109b branched from the main channel 109a of the supply channel 109, and adjusts the flow rate of the nutrient solution 50 flowing through the branch channel 109b. That is, the plurality of nutrient solution amount adjusting units 120 are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of branch channels 109b. The plurality of nutrient solution adjustment units 120 are valves that make the amounts flowing through the plurality of branch channels 109b the same. In the discharge channel 110, the nutrient solution 50 discharged from the cultivation tank 106 flows through the plurality of branch pipes 110a, and then merges in the trunk pipe 110b. The nutrient solution 50 flows from the trunk pipe 110 b of the discharge channel 110 into the nutrient tank 108.
そのため、複数の栽培槽106の高さ位置が異なっていることに起因して複数の枝流路109bのそれぞれを流れる養液50に生じる圧力同士の間に差が生じても、単位時間あたりにほぼ同一の量の養液50を複数の栽培槽106へ供給することができる。ただし、複数の養液量調節部120は、複数の栽培槽106での植物10の栽培に適しているのであれば、複数の栽培槽106のそれぞれへ供給される養液50の流量を異なるように調整してもよい。つまり、複数の養液量調節部120は、複数の栽培槽106のそれぞれへ供給される養液50の流量が複数の栽培槽106の高さに依存して決定されてしまうことを防止できるものであれば、いかなるものであってもよい。言い換えると、複数の養液量調節部120は、複数の栽培槽106のそれぞれへ流れ込む養液50の流量をどのような態様で調整してもよい。
Therefore, even if a difference occurs between the pressures generated in the nutrient solution 50 flowing through each of the plurality of branch channels 109b due to the different height positions of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106, per unit time Almost the same amount of nutrient solution 50 can be supplied to the plurality of cultivation tanks 106. However, if the plurality of nutrient solution adjustment units 120 are suitable for cultivation of the plant 10 in the plurality of cultivation tanks 106, the flow rates of the nutrient solutions 50 supplied to the plurality of cultivation tanks 106 are different. You may adjust it. That is, the plurality of nutrient solution amount adjustment units 120 can prevent the flow rate of the nutrient solution 50 supplied to each of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106 from being determined depending on the height of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106. Anything can be used. In other words, the plurality of nutrient solution adjusting units 120 may adjust the flow rate of the nutrient solution 50 flowing into each of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106 in any manner.
図2に示されるように、栽培槽106は、養液50が流れる流路を構成し、養液50を排出する排出口110Xを有する。排出口110Xから排出流路110へ養液50が流れ込む。排出口110Xの上流には、排出フィルタ202が設けられている。
2, the cultivation tank 106 constitutes a flow path through which the nutrient solution 50 flows, and has a discharge port 110X that discharges the nutrient solution 50. The nutrient solution 50 flows into the discharge channel 110 from the discharge port 110X. A discharge filter 202 is provided upstream of the discharge port 110X.
排出フィルタ202は、目詰まりした場合に、栽培槽106内の養液50の液面が所定の高さ位置よりも上側の位置まで上昇することを抑制する機能を有する。所定の高さ位置は、養液50が、栽培槽106内の植物10に悪影響を与えない程度の高さ位置である。所定の高さ位置は、たとえば、養液50の液面が塊茎11および塊茎11から延びる地下茎に新たに形成された塊茎(図示せず)に接触しない程度の高さ位置であってもよい。所定の高さ位置は、たとえば、保持部105からある程度の距離だけ下方の位置であってもよい。なお、所定の高さ位置の基準位置は、本実施の形態においては、栽培槽106の底面の位置である。
The discharge filter 202 has a function of suppressing the liquid level of the nutrient solution 50 in the cultivation tank 106 from rising to a position above a predetermined height position when clogged. The predetermined height position is a height position such that the nutrient solution 50 does not adversely affect the plant 10 in the cultivation tank 106. The predetermined height position may be, for example, a height position such that the liquid surface of the nutrient solution 50 does not come into contact with the tubers 11 and tubers (not shown) newly formed on the underground stems extending from the tubers 11. The predetermined height position may be, for example, a position below the holding unit 105 by a certain distance. Note that the reference position of the predetermined height position is the position of the bottom surface of the cultivation tank 106 in the present embodiment.
排出フィルタ202は、本実施の形態においては、上下方向に延びる膜構造である。排出フィルタ202と排出口110Xとの間の位置202aには、養液50が排出流路110へ流れ込むように、フィルタが存在しない。
In the present embodiment, the discharge filter 202 has a film structure extending in the vertical direction. There is no filter at the position 202 a between the discharge filter 202 and the discharge port 110 </ b> X so that the nutrient solution 50 flows into the discharge flow path 110.
図2および図3から分かるように、本実施の形態においては、排出口110Xが栽培槽106の内側面に設けられているため、排出フィルタ202は、栽培槽106の対向する内側面同士を接続する平板状の壁のように設置されている。本実施の形態においては、排出フィルタ202は、栽培槽106の底面から上方へ延びるように配置されている。
As can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3, in the present embodiment, since the discharge port 110 </ b> X is provided on the inner surface of the cultivation tank 106, the discharge filter 202 connects the inner surfaces facing each other of the cultivation tank 106. It is installed like a flat wall. In the present embodiment, the discharge filter 202 is disposed so as to extend upward from the bottom surface of the cultivation tank 106.
ただし、図4に示されるように、排出フィルタ202は、円筒の周面を中心軸に沿った平面で切った形状を有していてもよい。図示されていないが、上下方向に延びる膜構造としての排出フィルタ202は、角筒の周面を角筒が延びる方向に沿った平面で切った形状を有していてもよい。
However, as shown in FIG. 4, the discharge filter 202 may have a shape obtained by cutting the circumferential surface of the cylinder with a plane along the central axis. Although not shown, the discharge filter 202 as a membrane structure extending in the up-down direction may have a shape obtained by cutting the peripheral surface of the square tube with a plane along the direction in which the square tube extends.
また、図5および図6に示されるように、排出口110Xが栽培槽106の底面に設けられ、枝管110aが栽培槽106の下側面から下方に延びるように設けられている場合には、上下方向に延びる膜構造としての排出フィルタ202は、円筒構造であってもよい。図5および図6に示される栽培槽106および枝管110aを有する構造において、排出フィルタ202は、角筒の周面に沿った形状を有していてもよい。
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, when the discharge port 110 </ b> X is provided on the bottom surface of the cultivation tank 106 and the branch pipe 110 a is provided so as to extend downward from the lower side surface of the cultivation tank 106, The discharge filter 202 as a membrane structure extending in the vertical direction may have a cylindrical structure. In the structure having the cultivation tank 106 and the branch pipe 110a shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the discharge filter 202 may have a shape along the peripheral surface of the square tube.
つまり、排出フィルタ202を構成する上下方向に延びる膜構造は、排出フィルタ202が目詰まりした場合には、養液50が膜構造の上端を乗り越えて、排出流路110へ流れ込む形状を有していれば、いかなるものであってもよい。養液50は、排出フィルタ202の植物10の根の側から排出フィルタ202を経由して排出フィルタ202の排出口110Xの側へ流れ込む。排出フィルタ202は、栽培槽106から排出流路110へ流れ込む養液50から所定の異物を除去する。
That is, the vertically extending membrane structure constituting the discharge filter 202 has a shape in which the nutrient solution 50 flows over the upper end of the membrane structure and flows into the discharge channel 110 when the discharge filter 202 is clogged. Anything may be used. The nutrient solution 50 flows from the root side of the plant 10 of the discharge filter 202 to the discharge port 110 </ b> X side of the discharge filter 202 via the discharge filter 202. The discharge filter 202 removes predetermined foreign matter from the nutrient solution 50 flowing from the cultivation tank 106 into the discharge flow path 110.
そのため、排出フィルタ202が目詰まりしても、破線矢印で示されるように、排出フィルタ202と排出口110Xとの間の位置202aから排出流路110へ養液50が流れ込む。それにより、排出フィルタ202の上端よりも上方に養液50が上昇することが抑制される。したがって、排出フィルタ202と排出口110Xとの間の位置202aよりも高い位置にある保持部105上で栽培されている塊茎11が養液50に浸ることはない。したがって、養液50に長時間塊茎11が浸っていることに起因した塊茎11の腐敗が抑制される。
Therefore, even if the discharge filter 202 is clogged, the nutrient solution 50 flows into the discharge flow path 110 from the position 202a between the discharge filter 202 and the discharge port 110X, as indicated by the dashed arrow. As a result, the nutrient solution 50 is prevented from rising above the upper end of the discharge filter 202. Therefore, the tuber 11 cultivated on the holding part 105 at a position higher than the position 202a between the discharge filter 202 and the discharge port 110X is not immersed in the nutrient solution 50. Therefore, the rot of the tuber 11 resulting from the tuber 11 being immersed in the nutrient solution 50 for a long time is suppressed.
図7に示されるように、水耕栽培装置100は、栽培槽106、養液槽108および流入フィルタ301を備えている。養液槽108は、排出流路110を流れる養液50を流入させる流入口110Yを有する。流入フィルタ301は、流入口110Yから養液槽108内へ流れ込む養液50が通過する位置に設けられている。流入フィルタ301は、養液50から前述の排出フィルタ202によって除去される所定の異物よりも小さな特定の異物を除去する。つまり、流入フィルタ301は、排出フィルタ202より小さい網目を有しており、排出フィルタ202によって除去され得ない小さな特定の異物を除去することができる。
As shown in FIG. 7, the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 includes a cultivation tank 106, a nutrient solution tank 108, and an inflow filter 301. The nutrient solution tank 108 has an inflow port 110 </ b> Y through which the nutrient solution 50 flowing through the discharge channel 110 flows. The inflow filter 301 is provided at a position where the nutrient solution 50 flowing into the nutrient solution tank 108 from the inlet 110Y passes. The inflow filter 301 removes specific foreign matters smaller than the predetermined foreign matter removed from the nutrient solution 50 by the discharge filter 202 described above. That is, the inflow filter 301 has a smaller mesh than the discharge filter 202, and can remove small specific foreign matters that cannot be removed by the discharge filter 202.
本実施の形態においては、流入フィルタ301は、流路を完全に塞ぐように設けられているが、養液50を通過させる。流入フィルタ301は、通常使用されているフィルタであり、養液50が流れる方向に垂直な平面に沿って設けられた平面膜構造を有している。しかしながら、流入フィルタ301が流路を完全に塞ぐように設けられているのであれば、流入フィルタ301の形状および配置等はいかなるものであってもよい。
In the present embodiment, the inflow filter 301 is provided so as to completely block the flow path, but allows the nutrient solution 50 to pass therethrough. The inflow filter 301 is a commonly used filter, and has a planar film structure provided along a plane perpendicular to the direction in which the nutrient solution 50 flows. However, as long as the inflow filter 301 is provided so as to completely block the flow path, the inflow filter 301 may have any shape and arrangement.
そのため、流入フィルタ301によって排出フィルタ202では除去できない小さな特定の異物が養液槽108へ流れ込むおそれを低減することができる。また、排出フィルタ202の目詰まりに起因して栽培槽106の中で養液50の液面が保持部105上の塊茎11に接触する程度にまで上昇するおそれを低減することができる。
Therefore, it is possible to reduce the possibility that small specific foreign matters that cannot be removed by the discharge filter 202 by the inflow filter 301 will flow into the nutrient solution tank 108. In addition, it is possible to reduce the possibility that the level of the nutrient solution 50 rises to the extent that it contacts the tubers 11 on the holding unit 105 in the cultivation tank 106 due to clogging of the discharge filter 202.
排出フィルタ202は、流入フィルタ301に比較して目が粗いため、詰まりにくい。したがって、排出フィルタ202に比較して流入フィルタ301を高い頻度で交換すれば、排出フィルタ202の目詰まりに起因して栽培槽106の中で養液50が植物10に接触する高さ位置まで上昇することを防止することができる可能性が高まる。これによれば、複数の栽培槽106にそれぞれ複数の排出フィルタ202が設けられているが、1つの養液槽108に1つの流入フィルタ301のみが設けられているため、水耕栽培装置全体でのフィルタ交換のための負担が軽減される。
The exhaust filter 202 has a coarser mesh than the inflow filter 301 and is not easily clogged. Therefore, if the inflow filter 301 is replaced more frequently than the discharge filter 202, the nutrient solution 50 rises to a height position where the nutrient solution 50 contacts the plant 10 in the cultivation tank 106 due to clogging of the discharge filter 202. The possibility that it can be prevented increases. According to this, although the several discharge filter 202 is each provided in the some cultivation tank 106, since only one inflow filter 301 is provided in one nutrient solution tank 108, in the whole hydroponics apparatus The burden for replacing the filter is reduced.
(実施の形態2)
本実施の形態の水耕栽培装置100は、図8に示されるように、養液50が、1つの養液槽108と1つの栽培槽106との間で、1つの排出流路1100と1つの供給流路1090とを経由して循環するものである。養液量調節部120は、供給流路1090に設けられている。本実施の形態のラック200は、実施の形態1のラック200と比較して、1段少ない。このような水耕栽培装置100においても、栽培槽106および養液槽108内には、それぞれ、実施の形態1の排出フィルタ202および流入フィルタ301が設けられている。そのため、上記の実施の形態1の水耕栽培装置100の排出フィルタ202および流入フィルタ301により得られる効果と同様の効果を得ることができる。 (Embodiment 2)
As shown in FIG. 8, thehydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment has a nutrient solution 50 between one nutrient solution tank 108 and one cultivation tank 106, and one discharge channel 1100 and 1. It circulates through one supply channel 1090. The nutrient solution amount adjustment unit 120 is provided in the supply channel 1090. The rack 200 of the present embodiment is one stage fewer than the rack 200 of the first embodiment. Also in such a hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100, the discharge filter 202 and the inflow filter 301 of the first embodiment are provided in the cultivation tank 106 and the nutrient solution tank 108, respectively. Therefore, the same effect as that obtained by the discharge filter 202 and the inflow filter 301 of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of the first embodiment can be obtained.
本実施の形態の水耕栽培装置100は、図8に示されるように、養液50が、1つの養液槽108と1つの栽培槽106との間で、1つの排出流路1100と1つの供給流路1090とを経由して循環するものである。養液量調節部120は、供給流路1090に設けられている。本実施の形態のラック200は、実施の形態1のラック200と比較して、1段少ない。このような水耕栽培装置100においても、栽培槽106および養液槽108内には、それぞれ、実施の形態1の排出フィルタ202および流入フィルタ301が設けられている。そのため、上記の実施の形態1の水耕栽培装置100の排出フィルタ202および流入フィルタ301により得られる効果と同様の効果を得ることができる。 (Embodiment 2)
As shown in FIG. 8, the
以下、実施の形態の水耕栽培装置100の特徴的構成およびそれにより得られる効果を述べる。
Hereinafter, the characteristic configuration of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 of the embodiment and the effects obtained thereby will be described.
水耕栽培装置100は、栽培槽106、養液槽108、供給流路109、排出流路110、ポンプ107、および排出フィルタ202を備えている。栽培槽106は、養液50が流れる流路を構成する。養液槽108は、養液50を貯留する。供給流路109は、養液槽108から栽培槽106へ養液50を導く。排出流路110は、栽培槽106から養液槽108へ養液50を導く。ポンプ107は、供給流路109および排出流路110を経由して養液槽108と栽培槽106との間で養液50を循環させる。排出フィルタ202は、栽培槽106内に設けられ、栽培槽106から排出流路110へ流れ出る養液50から所定の異物を除去する。排出フィルタ202は、目詰まりした場合に、栽培槽106内の養液50の液面が所定の高さ位置よりも上側の位置まで上昇することを抑制する機能を有する。
The hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 includes a cultivation tank 106, a nutrient solution tank 108, a supply channel 109, a discharge channel 110, a pump 107, and a discharge filter 202. The cultivation tank 106 constitutes a flow path through which the nutrient solution 50 flows. The nutrient solution tank 108 stores the nutrient solution 50. The supply channel 109 guides the nutrient solution 50 from the nutrient solution tank 108 to the cultivation tank 106. The discharge flow path 110 guides the nutrient solution 50 from the cultivation tank 106 to the nutrient solution tank 108. The pump 107 circulates the nutrient solution 50 between the nutrient solution tank 108 and the cultivation tank 106 via the supply channel 109 and the discharge channel 110. The discharge filter 202 is provided in the cultivation tank 106 and removes predetermined foreign substances from the nutrient solution 50 flowing out from the cultivation tank 106 to the discharge channel 110. The discharge filter 202 has a function of suppressing the liquid level of the nutrient solution 50 in the cultivation tank 106 from rising to a position above a predetermined height position when clogged.
上記の構成によれば、栽培槽106内の排出フィルタ202に目詰まりが生じても、養液50の液面の上昇を植物10に悪影響を与えない程度に抑制することができる。
According to the above configuration, even if the discharge filter 202 in the cultivation tank 106 is clogged, the increase in the level of the nutrient solution 50 can be suppressed to the extent that the plant 10 is not adversely affected.
(2) 排出フィルタ202は、養液50の高さ方向に延びる膜構造であり、養液50が膜構造の上端を乗り越えて排出流路110へ流れ込むように配置されていてもよい。
(2) The discharge filter 202 has a membrane structure extending in the height direction of the nutrient solution 50, and may be arranged so that the nutrient solution 50 flows over the upper end of the membrane structure and flows into the discharge channel 110.
これによれば、簡単な構成で、栽培槽106内の養液50の液面が所定の高さ位置よりも上側の位置まで上昇することを抑制する
(3) 水耕栽培装置100は、養液槽108内に設けられ、排出流路110から養液槽108へ流れ込む養液50から所定の異物よりも小さな特定の異物を除去する流入フィルタ301をさらに備えていることが好ましい。 According to this, it suppresses that the liquid level of thenutrient solution 50 in the cultivation tank 106 rises to a position above a predetermined height position with a simple configuration. It is preferable to further include an inflow filter 301 that is provided in the liquid tank 108 and removes specific foreign substances smaller than predetermined foreign substances from the nutrient solution 50 flowing into the nutrient solution tank 108 from the discharge channel 110.
(3) 水耕栽培装置100は、養液槽108内に設けられ、排出流路110から養液槽108へ流れ込む養液50から所定の異物よりも小さな特定の異物を除去する流入フィルタ301をさらに備えていることが好ましい。 According to this, it suppresses that the liquid level of the
これによれば、流入フィルタ301によって排出フィルタ202では除去できない小さな異物が養液槽108へ流れ込むおそれを低減することができる。
According to this, the possibility that small foreign matters that cannot be removed by the discharge filter 202 by the inflow filter 301 flow into the nutrient solution tank 108 can be reduced.
(4) 栽培槽106は、互いに異なる高さ位置に設けられた複数の栽培槽106であってもよい。供給流路109は、養液槽108から複数の栽培槽106のそれぞれへ養液50を導くように、幹流路109aと幹流路109aから分岐した複数の枝流路109bとを有していてもよい。複数の枝流路109bには、それぞれ、複数の栽培槽106のそれぞれへ流れ込む養液50の流量を調節する複数の養液量調節部120が設けられていてもよい。これによれば、上下方向に並べられた複数の栽培槽106のそれぞれへ供給される養液50の量がそれぞれの栽培槽106の高さに依存することに起因して生じる弊害を避けることができる。
(4) The cultivation tank 106 may be a plurality of cultivation tanks 106 provided at different height positions. Even if the supply flow path 109 has the trunk flow path 109a and the some branch flow path 109b branched from the trunk flow path 109a so that the nutrient solution 50 may be guide | induced to each of the some cultivation tank 106 from the nutrient solution tank 108, it is. Good. The plurality of branch channels 109b may be provided with a plurality of nutrient solution amount adjustment units 120 that adjust the flow rate of the nutrient solution 50 flowing into the plurality of cultivation tanks 106, respectively. According to this, it is possible to avoid the adverse effects caused by the amount of nutrient solution 50 supplied to each of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106 arranged in the vertical direction depending on the height of each cultivation tank 106. it can.
(5) 複数の養液量調節部120は、複数の栽培槽106のそれぞれへ流れ込む養液の流量同士を同一にすることが好ましい。これによれば、複数の栽培槽106の高さ位置が異なっていることに起因して複数の枝流路109bのそれぞれを流れる養液50に生じる圧力同士の間に差が生じても、単位時間あたりにほぼ同一の量の養液50を複数の栽培槽106へ供給することができる。
(5) It is preferable that the plurality of nutrient solution adjustment units 120 have the same flow rate of nutrient solution flowing into each of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106. According to this, even if a difference occurs between the pressures generated in the nutrient solution 50 flowing through each of the plurality of branch channels 109b due to the different height positions of the plurality of cultivation tanks 106, the unit A substantially equal amount of nutrient solution 50 can be supplied to the plurality of cultivation tanks 106 per hour.
本出願は、2017年4月21日に出願された日本出願の特願2017-084400号に基づく優先権を主張し、当該日本出願に記載された全ての記載内容を参照によって援用するものである。
This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-084400 filed on Apr. 21, 2017, and incorporates by reference all the contents described in the Japanese application. .
50 養液
100 水耕栽培装置
106 栽培槽
107 ポンプ
108 養液槽
109,1090 供給流路
109a 幹流路
109b 枝流路
110,1100 排出流路
120 養液量調節部
202 排出フィルタ
301 流入フィルタ DESCRIPTION OFSYMBOLS 50 Nutrient solution 100 Hydroponic cultivation apparatus 106 Cultivation tank 107 Pump 108 Nutrient tank 109,1090 Supply flow path 109a Trunk flow path 109b Branch flow path 110,1100 Discharge flow path 120 Nutrient solution amount adjustment part 202 Discharge filter 301 Inflow filter
100 水耕栽培装置
106 栽培槽
107 ポンプ
108 養液槽
109,1090 供給流路
109a 幹流路
109b 枝流路
110,1100 排出流路
120 養液量調節部
202 排出フィルタ
301 流入フィルタ DESCRIPTION OF
Claims (5)
- 養液が流れる流路を構成する栽培槽と、
前記養液を貯留する養液槽と、
前記養液槽から前記栽培槽へ前記養液を導く供給流路と、
前記栽培槽から前記養液槽へ前記養液を導く排出流路と、
前記供給流路および前記排出流路を経由して前記養液槽と前記栽培槽との間で前記養液を循環させるポンプと、
前記栽培槽内に設けられ、前記栽培槽から前記排出流路へ流れ出る前記養液から所定の異物を除去する排出フィルタと、を備え
前記排出フィルタは、目詰まりした場合に、前記栽培槽内の前記養液の液面が所定の高さ位置よりも上側の位置まで上昇することを抑制する機能を有する、水耕栽培装置。 A cultivation tank constituting a flow path through which the nutrient solution flows;
A nutrient solution tank for storing the nutrient solution;
A supply channel for guiding the nutrient solution from the nutrient solution tank to the cultivation tank;
A discharge channel for guiding the nutrient solution from the cultivation tank to the nutrient solution tank;
A pump for circulating the nutrient solution between the nutrient solution tank and the cultivation tank via the supply channel and the discharge channel;
A discharge filter that is provided in the cultivation tank and removes predetermined foreign substances from the nutrient solution flowing out from the cultivation tank to the discharge channel, and when the discharge filter is clogged, The hydroponic cultivation apparatus which has a function which suppresses that the liquid level of the said nutrient solution rises to a position above a predetermined height position. - 前記排出フィルタは、前記養液の高さ方向に延びる膜構造であり、前記養液が前記膜構造の上端を乗り越えて前記排出流路へ流れ込むように配置されている、請求項1に記載の水耕栽培装置。 The said discharge filter is a film | membrane structure extended in the height direction of the said nutrient solution, It arrange | positions so that the said nutrient solution may get over the upper end of the said membrane structure, and may flow into the said discharge flow path. Hydroponic cultivation equipment.
- 前記養液槽内に設けられ、前記排出流路から前記養液槽へ流れ込む前記養液から前記所定の異物よりも小さな特定の異物を除去する流入フィルタをさらに備えた、請求項1または2に記載の水耕栽培装置。 The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an inflow filter that is provided in the nutrient solution tank and removes a specific foreign matter smaller than the predetermined foreign matter from the nutrient solution flowing from the discharge channel into the nutrient solution tank. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus described.
- 前記栽培槽は、互いに異なる高さ位置に設けられた複数の栽培槽であり、
前記供給流路は、前記養液槽から前記複数の栽培槽のそれぞれへ前記養液を導くように、幹流路と前記幹流路から分岐した複数の枝流路とを有し、
前記複数の枝流路には、それぞれ、前記複数の栽培槽のそれぞれへ流れ込む前記養液の流量を調節する複数の養液量調節部が設けられた、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載の水耕栽培装置。 The cultivation tank is a plurality of cultivation tanks provided at different height positions,
The supply channel has a trunk channel and a plurality of branch channels branched from the trunk channel so as to guide the nutrient solution from the nutrient tank to each of the plurality of cultivation tanks,
The plurality of branch liquid channels are provided with a plurality of nutrient solution amount adjusting units for adjusting the flow rate of the nutrient solution flowing into the plurality of cultivation tanks, respectively. Hydroponics equipment. - 前記複数の養液量調節部は、前記複数の栽培槽のそれぞれへ流れ込む前記養液の流量を同一にする、請求項4に記載の水耕栽培装置。 The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the plurality of nutrient solution amount adjustment units have the same flow rate of the nutrient solution flowing into each of the plurality of cultivation tanks.
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