WO2018192282A1 - 一种波束检测方法及装置 - Google Patents
一种波束检测方法及装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018192282A1 WO2018192282A1 PCT/CN2018/073232 CN2018073232W WO2018192282A1 WO 2018192282 A1 WO2018192282 A1 WO 2018192282A1 CN 2018073232 W CN2018073232 W CN 2018073232W WO 2018192282 A1 WO2018192282 A1 WO 2018192282A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0408—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas using two or more beams, i.e. beam diversity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0686—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0695—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission using beam selection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
- H04B7/0868—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and combining
- H04B7/088—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and combining using beam selection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
- H04B7/0891—Space-time diversity
- H04B7/0897—Space-time diversity using beamforming per multi-path, e.g. to cope with different directions of arrival [DOA] at different multi-paths
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
- H04W16/24—Cell structures
- H04W16/28—Cell structures using beam steering
Definitions
- the present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a beam detecting method and apparatus.
- the beamforming technology needs to use the calibration network of the antenna array to transmit the calibration signal and perform system calibration to achieve the uniformity of the amplitude and phase of the antenna array signal, thereby generating a specific beam associated with the user equipment (User Equipment, UE).
- the existing system receives the uplink detection signal sent by the mobile user equipment through the broadcast beam of the antenna array, determines the location of the user equipment, and then generates a specific beam, points to the user equipment, and establishes a high-speed communication connection.
- the millimeter wave system has a small antenna spacing, and there is not enough space for the calibration network to be placed.
- the millimeter wave system has a large link attenuation, even if the trace is short, It can cause large amplitude and phase jitter, and can not guarantee the accuracy of amplitude and phase required by beamforming technology.
- the embodiment of the present application provides a beam detecting method and device, which can still implement accurate beamforming in a millimeter wave wireless communication system in a millimeter wave wireless communication system without using a calibration network for antenna array calibration. .
- the user equipment is scanned by using the beam of the preset width.
- the beam of the preset width is determined, and the user equipment is scanned by using the beam of the preset width, so that the preset fixed-width beam is adopted, and the calibration cannot be used in the millimeter wave communication system.
- the network performs the problem of antenna array calibration, thereby achieving accurate beamforming under the millimeter wave wireless communication system.
- the determining the beam of the preset width specifically includes: determining a preset first width beam.
- the user equipment is scanned by using the preset width beam, and specifically includes:
- the user equipment is scanned by using the odd-numbered preset first width beam to obtain multiple sets of received signals, and the average power of each group of received signals is calculated, and the two powers Pm and Pn with the highest average power are determined therefrom;
- the abnormality is determined, and the user equipment is scanned by using the beam of the preset width.
- the method further includes:
- index_step2 index(m);
- index_step2 [index(m)+index(n)]/2 ;
- the abnormality is determined, and the user equipment is scanned by using the preset second width beam.
- the method further includes:
- the preset second width beam corresponding to the index value index_step2 is used as a beam for downlink use of the millimeter wave wireless communication system, and the beam is used to communicate with the user equipment position.
- the first width beam is preset, and the first width beam of the first width beam is respectively preset to be pw_1, pw_2, ..., pw_5
- the second unit is configured to scan the user equipment by using the preset width beam.
- the first unit is specifically configured to: determine a preset first width beam.
- the second unit is specifically configured to:
- the user equipment is scanned by using the odd-numbered preset first width beam to obtain multiple sets of received signals, and the average power of each group of received signals is calculated, and the two powers Pm and Pn with the highest average power are determined therefrom;
- the abnormality is determined, and the user equipment is scanned by using the beam of the preset width.
- the second unit is further configured to:
- index_step2 index(m);
- index_step2 [index(m)+index(n)]/2 ;
- the abnormality is determined, and the user equipment is scanned by using the preset second width beam.
- the second unit is further configured to:
- the preset second width beam corresponding to the index value index_step2 is used as a beam for downlink use of the millimeter wave wireless communication system, and the beam is used to communicate with the user equipment position.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wide beam scheme according to an embodiment of the present application
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a narrow beam scheme provided by an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a process for performing uplink detection of a user equipment by using a fixed beam method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a process for performing uplink detection of a user equipment by using a fixed beam method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a beam detecting method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a beam detecting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another beam detecting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the embodiment of the present application provides a beam detecting method and device, which can still implement accurate beamforming in a millimeter wave wireless communication system in a millimeter wave wireless communication system without using a calibration network for antenna array calibration. .
- the technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present application is to use a beamforming technology of a large-scale antenna array to make a beam point to a specific user equipment and shield interference, thereby greatly increasing system capacity, and therefore, in a 5G communication system, a large-scale antenna Array application beamforming technology has become the enabling technology of the system.
- TDD Time Division Duplex
- traditional calibration techniques are difficult to implement, mainly because of the antenna array unit. The spacing is extremely small, it is difficult to place the calibration network.
- the method proposed in the embodiment of the present application is to use a method of analog fixed beam in a millimeter wave wireless communication system without using a conventional calibration network, and by using a digital/analog hybrid beamforming architecture, so that even in the millimeter wave band, The beamforming technique is still applied by the existence of a calibration network.
- the mobile device can be uplink-detected by using a fixed beam (wide beam), that is, divided in the airspace, and the user equipment is scanned by using a predetermined width beam, thereby achieving the purpose of detecting the user equipment.
- a fixed beam narrow beam
- a fixed beam is used to point to the user equipment, thereby achieving the purpose of high-speed communication.
- the main purpose of the setting and combination of wide and narrow beams is to avoid using the calibration network, reduce the number of scans, shorten the scan time, and update the location information of the user equipment in time, so as to achieve fast uplink detection of mobile user equipment and downlink communication establishment. purpose.
- the user equipment when the user equipment is detected by the method of fixed beam scanning, it is necessary to switch the antenna for each scan, and the user equipment detection is implemented as quickly as possible, and the number of scans needs to be minimized.
- the array has a 3dB beamwidth of about 12°, if the scan area is in the horizontal direction of the array from 0° to 180°. If beam scanning is performed at intervals of 6°, at least 30 beam scanning is required to implement user equipment detection.
- the primary beam switching time is about 30 microseconds, and the solution requires 900 microseconds to complete, and the scheme is more The error caused by the path phenomenon is sensitive.
- the embodiments of the present application utilize two types of wide and narrow beams generated by a large-scale antenna array, and adopt a two-step beam scanning method, which greatly reduces the number of scans and effectively performs mobile user equipment. Uplink detection and robustness to the multipath phenomenon inherent in the wireless propagation environment.
- the beam is divided into the spatial domain covered by the large-scale array antenna, and a series of wide beam and narrow beam are predefined. These beams are fixed beams and adopt analog modeling, which is not affected by the calibration network.
- the defined wide and narrow beams are numbered separately and stored in the system. Subsequently, the number of the relevant beam can be directly called by the look-up table to perform analog shaping.
- the principle of dividing the wide and narrow beams is that in the range of 0° to 180° in the normal direction of the antenna array, fewer beams can be used for airspace division, and the user equipment can be detected more accurately.
- the specific division method is as follows:
- the 3dB beamwidth of the wide beam is defined as 60°. In the range of 0° to 180° horizontally, at least 3 wide beams are needed to complete the coverage, as shown in Figure 1.
- the uplink detection of the mobile user equipment can be performed without using the complicated antenna calibration and dynamic beamforming techniques of the conventional method.
- the specific detection methods are as follows:
- Step 1 Perform the uplink detection of the user equipment by using the fixed beam method.
- the first round of scanning is performed by using the wide beam defined in the embodiment of the present application, and the odd-numbered wide beam (basic beam) is used, that is, pw_1. , pw_3, pw_5, three scans, will get three sets of received signals x1, x2, x3, calculate the average power P1, P2, P3 of the three sets of signals, which can get the two signals with the highest average power xm and xn Find Pm>Pn; where Pm and Pn are the two values with the highest average power in P1, P2 and P3, and m and n range from 1 to 3.
- index_step1 m+n-1 in this case, and it can be determined that the interpolated beam should be used, that is, the wide beam numbered as even bits. ;
- index_step2 index(m), that is, a narrow beam numbered as an odd bit;
- Step 3 As shown in FIG. 4, the narrow beam pn_index_step2 corresponding to the index value index_step2 finally obtained is used as a beam for downlink use of the millimeter wave wireless communication system, thereby aligning the position of the user equipment with the narrow beam to achieve maximum gain and improvement. System capacity.
- the horizontal spatial scanning accuracy of 6° is realized in an abnormal state without any abnormality, and the user equipment can be effectively detected at most only by scanning 8 times, which is more than a general full scan. Save nearly 73% of the time.
- the method provided by the embodiment of the present application is more robust to errors caused by multipath interference commonly seen in mobile communications. That is to say, the present application proposes a method and a control device that can be applied to a millimeter-wave wireless communication system to shape and detect a beam of a large-scale array antenna even in the absence of a calibration network.
- the uplink detection of the user equipment can be implemented by combining the wide and narrow beams described in the embodiments of the present application.
- the detection time is short, and the multipath effect is robust, and can be widely applied to the 5G high frequency system. In mobile communication devices.
- a beam detecting method provided by an embodiment of the present application includes:
- the determining the beam of the preset width specifically includes: determining a preset first width beam.
- the first width beam can be understood as the wide beam described above.
- S102 Scan the user equipment by using the preset width beam.
- the user equipment is scanned by using the preset width beam, and specifically includes:
- the user equipment is scanned by using the odd-numbered preset first width beam to obtain multiple sets of received signals, and the average power of each group of received signals is calculated, and the two powers Pm and Pn with the highest average power are determined therefrom;
- the abnormality is determined, and the user equipment is scanned by using the beam of the preset width.
- the method further includes:
- a predetermined width is greater than a second predetermined width; the second width beam is understood to be the narrow beam described above;
- index_step2 index(m);
- index_step2 [index(m)+index(n)]/2 ;
- the abnormality is determined, and the user equipment is scanned by using the preset second width beam.
- the method further includes:
- the preset second width beam corresponding to the index value index_step2 is used as a beam for downlink use of the millimeter wave wireless communication system, and the beam is used to align with the user equipment location for communication.
- the first width beam is preset, and the first width beam of the first width beam is respectively preset to be pw_1, pw_2, ..., pw_5
- a beam detecting apparatus includes:
- a first unit 11 configured to determine a beam of a preset width
- the second unit 12 is configured to scan the user equipment by using the preset width beam.
- the first unit is specifically configured to: determine a preset first width beam.
- the second unit is specifically configured to:
- the user equipment is scanned by using the odd-numbered preset first width beam to obtain multiple sets of received signals, and the average power of each group of received signals is calculated, and the two powers Pm and Pn with the highest average power are determined therefrom;
- the abnormality is determined, and the user equipment is scanned by using the beam of the preset width.
- the second unit is further configured to:
- index_step2 index(m);
- index_step2 [index(m)+index(n)]/2 ;
- the abnormality is determined, and the user equipment is scanned by using the preset second width beam.
- the second unit is further configured to:
- the preset second width beam corresponding to the index value index_step2 is used as a beam for downlink use of the millimeter wave wireless communication system, and the beam is used to communicate with the user equipment position.
- the first unit and the second unit may be implemented by a physical device such as a processor.
- another beam detecting apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application includes:
- the processor 504 is configured to read a program in the memory 505 and perform the following process:
- the user equipment is scanned by using the beam of the preset width.
- the method is: determining a preset first width beam.
- the processor 504 scans the user equipment by using the preset width beam
- the processor 504 is specifically configured to:
- the user equipment is scanned by using the odd-numbered preset first width beam to obtain multiple sets of received signals, and the average power of each group of received signals is calculated, and the two powers Pm and Pn with the highest average power are determined therefrom;
- the abnormality is determined, and the user equipment is scanned by using the beam of the preset width.
- processor 504 is further configured to:
- index_step2 index(m);
- index_step2 [index(m)+index(n)]/2 ;
- the abnormality is determined, and the user equipment is scanned by using the preset second width beam.
- processor 504 is further configured to:
- the preset second width beam corresponding to the index value index_step2 is used as a beam for downlink use of the millimeter wave wireless communication system, and the beam is used to communicate with the user equipment position.
- the transceiver 501 is configured to receive and transmit data under the control of the processor 504.
- bus 500 can include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, and bus 500 will include one or more processors represented by processor 504 and memory represented by memory 505. The various circuits are linked together. The bus 500 can also link various other circuits, such as peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, as is known in the art, and therefore, will not be further described herein.
- Bus interface 503 provides an interface between bus 500 and transceiver 501.
- Transceiver 501 can be an element or a plurality of elements, such as a plurality of receivers and transmitters, providing means for communicating with various other devices on a transmission medium.
- Data processed by processor 504 is transmitted over wireless medium via antenna 502. Further, antenna 502 also receives data and transmits the data to processor 504.
- the processor 504 is responsible for managing the bus 500 and the usual processing, and can also provide various functions including timing, peripheral interfaces, voltage regulation, power management, and other control functions.
- the memory 505 can be used to store data used by the processor 504 when performing operations.
- the processor 504 may be a CPU (Central Embedded Device), an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), or a CPLD (Complex Programmable Logic Device). , complex programmable logic device) or DSP (Digital Signal Processor).
- CPU Central Embedded Device
- ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
- FPGA Field-Programmable Gate Array
- CPLD Complex Programmable Logic Device
- DSP Digital Signal Processor
- the method for wide beam and narrow beam defined in the embodiments of the present application includes a basic beam and an interpolated beam, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2;
- the uplink user equipment detection method includes a wide beam and a narrow beam combined beam detection method, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4;
- the uplink user equipment and the beam method used for determining the downlink communication proposed in the embodiment of the present application can be stored in In the communication base station system, as a beam steering device, the problem that beamforming cannot be performed through the calibration network in the millimeter wave band is solved.
- the beam detection method and the control device have the following advantages: the method for performing uplink detection of user equipment by using a fixed beam in the embodiment of the present application is solved in millimeters.
- the calibration of the antenna array cannot be performed, so that the problem of accurate beamforming cannot be performed.
- the scanning detection method using the combination of wide and narrow beams proposed in the embodiment of the present application ensures a certain accuracy.
- the number of scans is effectively reduced, and the time is saved by nearly 73%.
- the method of combining the basic beam and the interpolated beam proposed in the embodiment of the present application does not increase the number of scans.
- the robustness against multipath interference is effectively improved.
- the fixed beamforming method proposed in the embodiment of the present application can implement analog shaping in the communication system by means of table lookup, without increasing the computational complexity of the system. Conducive to algorithm implementation.
- embodiments of the present invention can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, the invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) including computer usable program code.
- computer-usable storage media including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.
- the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
- the apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.
- These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
- the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of a flow diagram.
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Abstract
本申请公开了一种波束检测方法及装置,用以在毫米波无线通信系统中不使用校准网络进行天线阵列校准的情况下,仍然可以实现毫米波无线通信系统下的准确的波束赋形。本申请提供的一种波束检测方法包括:确定预设宽度的波束;采用所述预设宽度的波束对用户设备进行扫描。
Description
本申请要求在2017年4月18日提交中国专利局、申请号为201710253987.1、发明名称为“一种波束检测方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
本申请涉及通信技术领域,尤其涉及一种波束检测方法及装置。
随着5G无线移动通信技术的高速发展,为了解决无线网络容量问题,大规模天线阵列及其波束赋形技术已经成为5G系统的使能技术之一。在5G系统的低频段,即6GHz以下频段,可使用传统的波束赋形及波束检测技术。波束赋形技术需要利用天线阵列的校准网络,发射校准信号,进行系统校准,达到天线阵面信号幅度及相位的统一,从而产生与用户设备(User Equipment,UE)相关联的特定波束。现有系统通过天线阵列的广播波束,接收移动用户设备发来的上行检测信号,确定用户设备位置,进而产生特定波束,指向用户设备,建立高速通信连接。
但是,对于目前普遍采用的天线校准方案及用户设备的上行检测机制,仅对于低频段通信系统(小于6GHz频段)有效,而对于高频段系统,即毫米波系统将完全失效。主要是因为现有技术方案依赖于天线阵列的校准网络,而该校准网络不适用于毫米波系统中。主要存在两方面原因,其一,毫米波系统的天线间距很小,没有足够的空间进行校准网络的放置;其二,毫米波系统的链路衰减很大,即使走线很短的距离,都可以造成幅度与相位的大幅抖动,无法保证波束赋形技术所需要的幅度与相位的一致性精度。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种波束检测方法及装置,用以在毫米波无线通信 系统中不使用校准网络进行天线阵列校准的情况下,仍然可以实现毫米波无线通信系统下的准确的波束赋形。
本申请实施例提供的一种波束检测方法包括:
确定预设宽度的波束;
采用所述预设宽度的波束对用户设备进行扫描。
通过该方法,确定预设宽度的波束,采用所述预设宽度的波束对用户设备进行扫描,实现了采用预设的固定宽度的波束的方式,解决了在毫米波通信系统下,无法使用校准网络进行天线阵列校准的问题,从而实现了毫米波无线通信系统下的准确的波束赋形。
可选地,所述确定预设宽度的波束,具体包括:确定预设的第一宽度波束。
可选地,采用所述预设宽度的波束对用户设备进行扫描,具体包括:
使用奇数编号的预设的第一宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描,得到多组接收信号,计算每组接收信号的平均功率,并从中确定两个平均功率最大的功率Pm和Pn;
若Pm-Pn得到的差值大于预设值,则确定扫描时所利用的预设的第一宽度波束的索引值为index_step1=2m–1;
若Pm-Pn得到的差值小于预设值,且|m-n|=1,则确定扫描时所利用的预设的第一宽度波束的索引值为index_step1=m+n–1;
若Pm-Pn得到的差值小于预设值,且|m-n|>1,则确定异常,重新采用所述预设宽度的波束对用户设备进行扫描。
可选地,该方法还包括:
令K=index_step1*5;
根据K的值选择预设的第一宽度波束所对应的预设的第二宽度波束的索引为index=[K-4,K-2,K,K+2,K+4];其中,第一预设宽度大于第二预设宽度;
采用index=[K-4,K-2,K,K+2,K+4]所对应的预设的第二宽度波 束对用户设备进行扫描。
可选地,采用index=[K-4,K-2,K,K+2,K+4]所对应的预设的第二宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描,具体包括:
采用index=[K-4,K-2,K,K+2,K+4]所对应的预设的第二宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描,得到五组接收信号,并比较这五组信号的平均功率P1,P2,P3,P4,P5,从中确定两个平均功率最大的功率Pm和Pn;
若Pm–Pn得到的差值大于预设值,则确定扫描时所使用的第二宽度波束的索引值为index_step2=index(m);
若Pm-Pn得到的差值小于预设值,且|m-n|=1,则确定扫描时所使用的第二宽度波束的索引值为index_step2=[index(m)+index(n)]/2;
若Pm-Pn得到的差值小于预设值,且|m-n|>1,则确定异常,重新采用预设的第二宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描。
可选地,该方法还包括:
将最终得到的索引值index_step2所对应的预设的第二宽度波束,作为毫米波无线通信系统下行使用的波束,采用该波束对准用户设备位置进行通信。
可选地,预设所述第一宽度波束,具体包括:预设5个3dB波束宽度为60°的第一宽度波束,各个第一宽度波束的索引值分别为pw_1,pw_2……pw_5,其中pw_i的波束中心角度为i*30°,其中i=1,2,……5。
可选地,预设所述第二宽度波束,具体包括:预设29个3dB波束宽度为12°的第二宽度波束,各个第二宽度波束的索引值分别为pn_1,pn_2……pn_29,其中pn_j的波束中心角度为j*6°,其中j=1,2,……29。
本申请实施例提供的一种波束检测装置,包括:
第一单元,用于确定预设宽度的波束;
第二单元,用于采用所述预设宽度的波束对用户设备进行扫描。
可选地,所述第一单元具体用于:确定预设的第一宽度波束。
可选地,所述第二单元具体用于:
使用奇数编号的预设的第一宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描,得到多组接 收信号,计算每组接收信号的平均功率,并从中确定两个平均功率最大的功率Pm和Pn;
若Pm-Pn得到的差值大于预设值,则确定扫描时所利用的预设的第一宽度波束的索引值为index_step1=2m–1;
若Pm-Pn得到的差值小于预设值,且|m-n|=1,则确定扫描时所利用的预设的第一宽度波束的索引值为index_step1=m+n–1;
若Pm-Pn得到的差值小于预设值,且|m-n|>1,则确定异常,重新采用所述预设宽度的波束对用户设备进行扫描。
可选地,所述第二单元还用于:
令K=index_step1*5;
根据K的值选择预设的第一宽度波束所对应的预设的第二宽度波束的索引为index=[K-4,K-2,K,K+2,K+4];其中,第一预设宽度大于第二预设宽度;
采用index=[K-4,K-2,K,K+2,K+4]所对应的预设的第二宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描。
可选地,采用index=[K-4,K-2,K,K+2,K+4]所对应的预设的第二宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描,具体包括:
采用index=[K-4,K-2,K,K+2,K+4]所对应的预设的第二宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描,得到五组接收信号,并比较这五组信号的平均功率P1,P2,P3,P4,P5,从中确定两个平均功率最大的功率Pm和Pn;
若Pm–Pn得到的差值大于预设值,则确定扫描时所使用的第二宽度波束的索引值为index_step2=index(m);
若Pm-Pn得到的差值小于预设值,且|m-n|=1,则确定扫描时所使用的第二宽度波束的索引值为index_step2=[index(m)+index(n)]/2;
若Pm-Pn得到的差值小于预设值,且|m-n|>1,则确定异常,重新采用预设的第二宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描。
可选地,所述第二单元还用于:
将最终得到的索引值index_step2所对应的预设的第二宽度波束,作为毫米波无线通信系统下行使用的波束,采用该波束对准用户设备位置进行通信。
可选地,所述第一单元还用于采用如下方式预设所述第一宽度波束:预设5个3dB波束宽度为60°的第一宽度波束,各个第一宽度波束的索引值分别为pw_1,pw_2……pw_5,其中pw_i的波束中心角度为i*30°,其中i=1,2,……5。
可选地,所述第一单元还用于采用如下方式预设所述第二宽度波束:预设29个3dB波束宽度为12°的第二宽度波束,各个第二宽度波束的索引值分别为pn_1,pn_2……pn_29,其中pn_j的波束中心角度为j*6°,其中j=1,2,……29。
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简要介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例提供的宽波束方案示意图;
图2为本申请实施例提供的窄波束方案示意图;
图3为本申请实施例提供的使用固定波束方法进行用户设备上行检测流程示意图;
图4为本申请实施例提供的使用固定波束方法进行用户设备上行检测流程示意图;
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种波束检测方法的流程示意图;
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种波束检测装置的结构示意图;
图7为本申请实施例提供的另一种波束检测装置的结构示意图。
本申请实施例提供了一种波束检测方法及装置,用以在毫米波无线通信系统中不使用校准网络进行天线阵列校准的情况下,仍然可以实现毫米波无线通信系统下的准确的波束赋形。
本申请实施例要解决的技术问题是在5G通信系统下,利用大规模天线阵列的波束赋形技术,使得波束指向特定的用户设备,屏蔽干扰,从而大幅提升系统容量,因此,在大规模天线阵列应用波束赋形技术已经成为系统的使能技术。然而,在时分双工(Time Division Duplex,TDD)模式下应用波束赋形,需要对天线阵列进行实时校准,但是在毫米波无线通信系统中,传统的校准技术很难实现,主要因为天线阵列单元间距极小,很难放置校准网络,另外在毫米波频段,链路损耗非常大,大规模天线阵列的幅相特性波动剧烈,校准精度很难保证,从而无法产生有效的波束,也无法有效的指向特定的用户设备,从而导致系统容量无法大幅提升,系统失效。因此,需要考虑毫米波无线通信系统下如何使用波束赋形技术,或者说如何规避使用校准网络;另外,如何对波束进行检测、控制(用户设备的上行检测及下行波束对准)面临巨大挑战,该技术已经成为毫米波无线系统应用的重大阻碍因素之一。
本申请实施例所提出的方法是在毫米波无线通信系统中,不使用传统的校准网络,而通过数/模混合波束赋形架构,采用模拟固定波束的方法,使得在毫米波频段,即使没有校准网络的存在,波束赋形技术仍得以应用。更具体的方法,可采用固定波束(宽波束)对移动用户设备作上行检测,即在空域进行划分,使用预定宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描,从而达到检测用户设备的目的。一旦用户设备的上行检测完成,再使用固定波束(窄波束)指向该用户设备,从而达到高速通信的目的。宽、窄波束的设定与结合,主要目的是避免使用校准网络,减少扫描次数,缩短扫描时间,用户设备的位置信息更新及时,从而达到快速对移动用户设备进行上行检测的以及下行建立通信的目的。
例如,当采用固定波束扫描的方法进行用户设备检测时,每次扫描都需要开关天线,尽可能快速的实现用户设备检测,就需要尽量减少扫描次数。 例如对于一个具有64个单元(8行8列)微带贴片天线阵列来说,其阵列所具有的3dB波束宽度约为12°,如果扫描区域为阵列法线水平方向0°~180°范围,若以6°为间隔进行波束扫描,则至少需要30次波束扫描才能实现用户设备检测,一次波束切换时间约为30微秒,则该方案共需要900微秒才能完成,且该方案对多径现象导致的误差比较敏感。本申请实施例利用大规模天线阵列产生的宽、窄两种波束,利用这两种波束相结合的方法,采用两步波束扫描,既大幅减少了扫描次数,还可有效的对移动用户设备进行上行检测,且对无线传播环境固有的多径现象具有一定鲁棒性。
本申请实施例具体方案详细介绍如下:
首先,对于大规模阵列天线覆盖的空域进行波束划分,预定义一系列宽波束与窄波束,这些波束均为固定波束,采用模拟赋形方式,不受校准网络的影响。将定义好的宽、窄波束分别编号,并存储于系统中,后续可通过查表的方式,直接调用相关波束的编号,进行模拟赋形。
宽、窄波束的划分原则是在天线阵面法线方向的水平0°~180°范围内,即可使用较少波束进行空域划分,又可较为精确的对用户设备进行检测。具体划分方法如下:
首先定义系统所具有的宽波束(pw),宽波束的3dB波束宽度定义为60°,在水平0°~180°范围内,至少需要3个宽波束即可完成覆盖,如图1所示,其中编号为pw_1,pw_3,pw_5的波束为基本波束(图1中用细线表示),编号pw_2,pw_4为内插波束(图1中用粗线表示),其主要作用为抗多径干扰。因此,本申请实施例共定义5个3dB波束宽度为60°的宽波束,其编号为pw_1,pw_2……pw_5,其中pw_i的波束中心角度为i*30°(i=1……5)。
对于系统具有的窄波束(pn),定义如下,每一个宽波束内部嵌套9个3dB波束宽度为12°的窄波束,如图2所示,其中编号为奇数的pn_1,pn_3……pn_9为基本波束(图2中用细线表示),偶数编号pn_2,pn_4……pn_8为内插波束(图2中用粗线表示),其主要作用为实现用户设备的精确检测及抗多 径干扰。因此,在所有宽波束覆盖范围内,本申请实施例共定义29个3dB波束宽度为12°的窄波束,其编号为pn_1,pn_2……pn_29,其中pn_j的波束中心角度为j*6°(j=1……29)。
利用本申请实施例上述定义的宽、窄波束,即可进行移动用户设备的上行检测,而不使用传统方法复杂的天线校准及动态波束赋形技术。具体检测方法如下:
步骤一、使用固定波束方法进行用户设备上行检测,如图3所示,具体地,使用本申请实施例定义的宽波束进行第一轮扫描,使用奇数编号的宽波束(基本波束),即pw_1、pw_3、pw_5,进行3次扫描,将得到3组接收信号x1,x2,x3,计算这三组信号的平均功率P1,P2,P3,由此可得到两个平均功率最大的信号xm和xn,找到其中Pm>Pn;其中,Pm和Pn是P1、P2和P3中平均功率最大的两个值,m和n的取值范围为1~3.
若Pm-Pn>3dB(或其它具体数值),则可知在扫描时所利用的宽波束的索引值为index_step1=2m–1,即可确定当前使用的是编号为奇数位的宽波束;
若Pm-Pn<3dB,且|m-n|=1,则该情况下,宽波束的索引值为index_step1=m+n–1,可确定当前应使用内插波束,即编号为偶数位的宽波束;
若Pm-Pn<3dB,且|m-n|>1,则该条件下判断异常,需重新进行宽波束扫描。
步骤二、如图4所示,当确定扫描所使用的宽波束索引值index_step1后,令K=index_step1*5,根据该值选择宽波束所对应的窄波束的索引为index=[K-4,K-2,K,K+2,K+4],之后,利用本申请实施例所定义的窄波束中的基本波束进行第二轮扫描,共5次,可得到5组接收信号,并比较五组信号的平均功率P1,P2,P3,P4,P5,此时,可找到两个平均功率最大的信号xm和xn,其中Pm>Pn;其中,Pm和Pn是P1、P2、P3、P4和P5中平均功率最大的两个值,m和n的取值范围为1~5.
若Pm-Pn>3dB(或其它数值),则可确定扫描时所使用的窄波束索引值为index_step2=index(m),即编号为奇数位的窄波束;
若Pm-Pn<3dB,且|m-n|=1,则扫描所使用的窄波束索引值为index_step2=[index(m)+index(n)]/2,即编号为偶数位的内插窄波束;
若Pm-Pn<3dB,且|m-n|>1,则该条件下判断异常,需重新进行窄波束扫描。
步骤三、如图4所示,将最终得到的索引值index_step2所对应的窄波束pn_index_step2,作为毫米波无线通信系统下行使用的波束,从而使用该窄波束对准用户设备位置,实现最大增益,提升系统容量。
综上所述,通过本申请实施例提供的技术方案,在无异常状态下,实现6°的水平空间扫描精度,最多仅需扫描8次即可实现用户设备的有效检测,比一般的全扫描节省近73%的时间。此外,采用本申请实施例提供的方法,对于移动通信中常见的多径干扰所产生的误差,鲁棒性更好。也就是说,本申请提出了一种可应用于毫米波无线通信系统下,即便校准网络不存在的情况下,也可以对大规模阵列天线的波束进行赋形、检测的方法及控制装置。用户设备的上行检测可利用本申请实施例描述的宽、窄波束相结合的方法给予实现,不但检测时间短,还对于多径效应具有良好的鲁棒性,可广泛的应用于5G高频段系统的移动通信设备中。
由此可见,参见图5,本申请实施例提供的一种波束检测方法包括:
S101、确定预设宽度的波束;
可选地,所述确定预设宽度的波束,具体包括:确定预设的第一宽度波束。
所述第一宽度波束,即可以理解为上述的宽波束。
S102、采用所述预设宽度的波束对用户设备进行扫描。
可选地,采用所述预设宽度的波束对用户设备进行扫描,具体包括:
使用奇数编号的预设的第一宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描,得到多组接收信号,计算每组接收信号的平均功率,并从中确定两个平均功率最大的功 率Pm和Pn;
若Pm-Pn得到的差值大于预设值,则确定扫描时所利用的预设的第一宽度波束的索引值为index_step1=2m–1;
若Pm-Pn得到的差值小于预设值,且|m-n|=1,则确定扫描时所利用的预设的第一宽度波束的索引值为index_step1=m+n–1;
若Pm-Pn得到的差值小于预设值,且|m-n|>1,则确定异常,重新采用所述预设宽度的波束对用户设备进行扫描。
可选地,该方法还包括:
令K=index_step1*5;
根据K的值选择预设的第一宽度波束所对应的预设的第二宽度波束的索引为index=[K-4,K-2,K,K+2,K+4];其中,第一预设宽度大于第二预设宽度;所述的第二宽度波束,即可以理解为上述的窄波束;
采用index=[K-4,K-2,K,K+2,K+4]所对应的预设的第二宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描。
可选地,采用index=[K-4,K-2,K,K+2,K+4]所对应的预设的第二宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描,具体包括:
采用index=[K-4,K-2,K,K+2,K+4]所对应的预设的第二宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描,得到五组接收信号,并比较这五组信号的平均功率P1,P2,P3,P4,P5,从中确定两个平均功率最大的功率Pm和Pn;
若Pm–Pn得到的差值大于预设值,则确定扫描时所使用的第二宽度波束的索引值为index_step2=index(m);
若Pm-Pn得到的差值小于预设值,且|m-n|=1,则确定扫描时所使用的第二宽度波束的索引值为index_step2=[index(m)+index(n)]/2;
若Pm-Pn得到的差值小于预设值,且|m-n|>1,则确定异常,重新采用预设的第二宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描。
可选地,该方法还包括:
将最终得到的索引值index_step2所对应的预设的第二宽度波束,作为毫 米波无线通信系统下行使用的波束,采用该波束对准用户设备位置进行通信。
可选地,预设所述第一宽度波束,具体包括:预设5个3dB波束宽度为60°的第一宽度波束,各个第一宽度波束的索引值分别为pw_1,pw_2……pw_5,其中pw_i的波束中心角度为i*30°,其中i=1,2,……5。
可选地,预设所述第二宽度波束,具体包括:预设29个3dB波束宽度为12°的第二宽度波束,各个第二宽度波束的索引值分别为pn_1,pn_2……pn_29,其中pn_j的波束中心角度为j*6°,其中j=1,2,……29。
与是上述方法相对应地,参见图6,本申请实施例提供的一种波束检测装置,包括:
第一单元11,用于确定预设宽度的波束;
第二单元12,用于采用所述预设宽度的波束对用户设备进行扫描。
可选地,所述第一单元具体用于:确定预设的第一宽度波束。
可选地,所述第二单元具体用于:
使用奇数编号的预设的第一宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描,得到多组接收信号,计算每组接收信号的平均功率,并从中确定两个平均功率最大的功率Pm和Pn;
若Pm-Pn得到的差值大于预设值,则确定扫描时所利用的预设的第一宽度波束的索引值为index_step1=2m–1;
若Pm-Pn得到的差值小于预设值,且|m-n|=1,则确定扫描时所利用的预设的第一宽度波束的索引值为index_step1=m+n–1;
若Pm-Pn得到的差值小于预设值,且|m-n|>1,则确定异常,重新采用所述预设宽度的波束对用户设备进行扫描。
可选地,所述第二单元还用于:
令K=index_step1*5;
根据K的值选择预设的第一宽度波束所对应的预设的第二宽度波束的索引为index=[K-4,K-2,K,K+2,K+4];其中,第一预设宽度大于第二预设宽度;
采用index=[K-4,K-2,K,K+2,K+4]所对应的预设的第二宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描。
可选地,采用index=[K-4,K-2,K,K+2,K+4]所对应的预设的第二宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描,具体包括:
采用index=[K-4,K-2,K,K+2,K+4]所对应的预设的第二宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描,得到五组接收信号,并比较这五组信号的平均功率P1,P2,P3,P4,P5,从中确定两个平均功率最大的功率Pm和Pn;
若Pm–Pn得到的差值大于预设值,则确定扫描时所使用的第二宽度波束的索引值为index_step2=index(m);
若Pm-Pn得到的差值小于预设值,且|m-n|=1,则确定扫描时所使用的第二宽度波束的索引值为index_step2=[index(m)+index(n)]/2;
若Pm-Pn得到的差值小于预设值,且|m-n|>1,则确定异常,重新采用预设的第二宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描。
可选地,所述第二单元还用于:
将最终得到的索引值index_step2所对应的预设的第二宽度波束,作为毫米波无线通信系统下行使用的波束,采用该波束对准用户设备位置进行通信。
可选地,所述第一单元还用于采用如下方式预设所述第一宽度波束:预设5个3dB波束宽度为60°的第一宽度波束,各个第一宽度波束的索引值分别为pw_1,pw_2……pw_5,其中pw_i的波束中心角度为i*30°,其中i=1,2,……5。
可选地,所述第一单元还用于采用如下方式预设所述第二宽度波束:预设29个3dB波束宽度为12°的第二宽度波束,各个第二宽度波束的索引值分别为pn_1,pn_2……pn_29,其中pn_j的波束中心角度为j*6°,其中j=1,2,……29。
上述第一单元、第二单元,均可以由处理器等实体器件实现。
参见图7,本申请实施例提供的另一种波束检测装置,包括:
处理器504,用于读取存储器505中的程序,执行下列过程:
确定预设宽度的波束;
采用所述预设宽度的波束对用户设备进行扫描。
可选地,所述处理器504确定预设宽度的波束时,具体用于:确定预设的第一宽度波束。
可选地,所述处理器504采用所述预设宽度的波束对用户设备进行扫描时,具体用于:
使用奇数编号的预设的第一宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描,得到多组接收信号,计算每组接收信号的平均功率,并从中确定两个平均功率最大的功率Pm和Pn;
若Pm-Pn得到的差值大于预设值,则确定扫描时所利用的预设的第一宽度波束的索引值为index_step1=2m–1;
若Pm-Pn得到的差值小于预设值,且|m-n|=1,则确定扫描时所利用的预设的第一宽度波束的索引值为index_step1=m+n–1;
若Pm-Pn得到的差值小于预设值,且|m-n|>1,则确定异常,重新采用所述预设宽度的波束对用户设备进行扫描。
可选地,所述处理器504还用于:
令K=index_step1*5;
根据K的值选择预设的第一宽度波束所对应的预设的第二宽度波束的索引为index=[K-4,K-2,K,K+2,K+4];其中,第一预设宽度大于第二预设宽度;
采用index=[K-4,K-2,K,K+2,K+4]所对应的预设的第二宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描。
可选地,处理器504采用index=[K-4,K-2,K,K+2,K+4]所对应的预设的第二宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描,具体包括:
采用index=[K-4,K-2,K,K+2,K+4]所对应的预设的第二宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描,得到五组接收信号,并比较这五组信号的平均功率P1,P2,P3,P4,P5,从中确定两个平均功率最大的功率Pm和Pn;
若Pm–Pn得到的差值大于预设值,则确定扫描时所使用的第二宽度波束的索引值为index_step2=index(m);
若Pm-Pn得到的差值小于预设值,且|m-n|=1,则确定扫描时所使用的第二宽度波束的索引值为index_step2=[index(m)+index(n)]/2;
若Pm-Pn得到的差值小于预设值,且|m-n|>1,则确定异常,重新采用预设的第二宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描。
可选地,所述处理器504还用于:
将最终得到的索引值index_step2所对应的预设的第二宽度波束,作为毫米波无线通信系统下行使用的波束,采用该波束对准用户设备位置进行通信。
可选地,所述处理器504还用于采用如下方式预设所述第一宽度波束:预设5个3dB波束宽度为60°的第一宽度波束,各个第一宽度波束的索引值分别为pw_1,pw_2……pw_5,其中pw_i的波束中心角度为i*30°,其中i=1,2,……5。
可选地,所述处理器504还用于采用如下方式预设所述第二宽度波束:预设29个3dB波束宽度为12°的第二宽度波束,各个第二宽度波束的索引值分别为pn_1,pn_2……pn_29,其中pn_j的波束中心角度为j*6°,其中j=1,2,……29。
收发机501,用于在处理器504的控制下接收和发送数据。
在图7中,总线架构(用总线500来代表),总线500可以包括任意数量的互联的总线和桥,总线500将包括由处理器504代表的一个或多个处理器和存储器505代表的存储器的各种电路链接在一起。总线500还可以将诸如外围设备、稳压器和功率管理电路等之类的各种其他电路链接在一起,这些都是本领域所公知的,因此,本文不再对其进行进一步描述。总线接口503在总线500和收发机501之间提供接口。收发机501可以是一个元件,也可以是多个元件,比如多个接收器和发送器,提供用于在传输介质上与各种其他装置通信的单元。经处理器504处理的数据通过天线502在无线介质上进行传输,进一步,天线502还接收数据并将数据传送给处理器504。
处理器504负责管理总线500和通常的处理,还可以提供各种功能,包括定时,外围接口,电压调节、电源管理以及其他控制功能。而存储器505可以被用于存储处理器504在执行操作时所使用的数据。
可选的,处理器504可以是CPU(中央处埋器)、ASIC(Application Specific Integrated Circuit,专用集成电路)、FPGA(Field-Programmable Gate Array,现场可编程门阵列)或CPLD(Complex Programmable Logic Device,复杂可编程逻辑器件)或DSP(Digital Signal Processor,数字信号处理器)。
综上所述,本申请实施例所定义的宽波束及窄波束的方法,包括基本波束及内插波束等,如图1、2所示;本申请实施例所提出的应用于高频段通信系统的上行用户设备检测方法,包括宽、窄波束相结合的波束检测方法,如图3、4所示;本申请实施例提出的上行用户设备检测及确定下行通信所使用的波束方法,可存储于通信基站系统内,作为一种波束控制装置使用,解决了在毫米波频段无法通过校准网络进行波束赋形的难题。本申请实施例所提出的一种波束检测方法及控制装置相比于现有技术主要具有如下几方面优点:本申请实施例所提出的利用固定波束进行用户设备上行检测的方法,解决了在毫米波通信系统下,无法使用校准网络进行天线阵列校准,从而无法进行准确波束赋形的问题;本申请实施例所提出的利用宽、窄波束相结合的扫描检测方法,在保证一定精度的前提下,相比于一般的全扫描方法,有效减少了扫描次数,节省了近73%的时间;本申请实施例所提出的采用基本波束及内插波束相结合的方法,在不增加扫描次数的前提下,有效提高了抗多径干扰的鲁棒性;本申请实施例所提出的采用固定波束赋形方法,可在通信系统中通过查表方式实现模拟赋形,不增加系统的计算复杂度,利于算法实现。
本领域内的技术人员应明白,本发明的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此,本发明可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且,本发明可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘 存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本发明是参照根据本发明实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器,使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中,使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品,该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上,使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理,从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
尽管已描述了本发明的优选实施例,但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念,则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。所以,所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本发明范围的所有变更和修改。
显然,本领域的技术人员可以对本发明实施例进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明实施例的精神和范围。这样,倘若本发明实施例的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内,则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。
Claims (16)
- 一种波束检测方法,其特征在于,该方法包括:确定预设宽度的波束;采用所述预设宽度的波束对用户设备进行扫描。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述确定预设宽度的波束,具体包括:确定预设的第一宽度波束。
- 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,采用所述预设宽度的波束对用户设备进行扫描,具体包括:使用奇数编号的预设的第一宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描,得到多组接收信号,计算每组接收信号的平均功率,并从中确定两个平均功率最大的功率Pm和Pn;若Pm-Pn得到的差值大于预设值,则确定扫描时所利用的预设的第一宽度波束的索引值为index_step1=2m–1;若Pm-Pn得到的差值小于预设值,且|m-n|=1,则确定扫描时所利用的预设的第一宽度波束的索引值为index_step1=m+n–1;若Pm-Pn得到的差值小于预设值,且|m-n|>1,则确定异常,重新采用所述预设宽度的波束对用户设备进行扫描。
- 根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,该方法还包括:令K=index_step1*5;根据K的值选择预设的第一宽度波束所对应的预设的第二宽度波束的索引为index=[K-4,K-2,K,K+2,K+4];其中,第一预设宽度大于第二预设宽度;采用index=[K-4,K-2,K,K+2,K+4]所对应的预设的第二宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描。
- 根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,采用index=[K-4,K-2,K,K+2,K+4]所对应的预设的第二宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描,具体包 括:采用index=[K-4,K-2,K,K+2,K+4]所对应的预设的第二宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描,得到五组接收信号,并比较这五组信号的平均功率P1,P2,P3,P4,P5,从中确定两个平均功率最大的功率Pm和Pn;若Pm–Pn得到的差值大于预设值,则确定扫描时所使用的第二宽度波束的索引值为index_step2=index(m);若Pm-Pn得到的差值小于预设值,且|m-n|=1,则确定扫描时所使用的第二宽度波束的索引值为index_step2=[index(m)+index(n)]/2;若Pm-Pn得到的差值小于预设值,且|m-n|>1,则确定异常,重新采用预设的第二宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描。
- 根据权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于,该方法还包括:将最终得到的索引值index_step2所对应的预设的第二宽度波束,作为毫米波无线通信系统下行使用的波束,采用该波束对准用户设备位置进行通信。
- 根据权利要求2~6任一权项所述的方法,其特征在于,预设所述第一宽度波束,具体包括:预设5个3dB波束宽度为60°的第一宽度波束,各个第一宽度波束的索引值分别为pw_1,pw_2……pw_5,其中pw_i的波束中心角度为i*30°,其中i=1,2,……5。
- 根据权利要求4~6任一权项所述的方法,其特征在于,预设所述第二宽度波束,具体包括:预设29个3dB波束宽度为12°的第二宽度波束,各个第二宽度波束的索引值分别为pn_1,pn_2……pn_29,其中pn_j的波束中心角度为j*6°,其中j=1,2,……29。
- 一种波束检测装置,其特征在于,包括:第一单元,用于确定预设宽度的波束;第二单元,用于采用所述预设宽度的波束对用户设备进行扫描。
- 根据权利要求9所述的装置,其特征在于,所述第一单元具体用于:确定预设的第一宽度波束。
- 根据权利要求10所述的装置,其特征在于,所述第二单元具体用于:使用奇数编号的预设的第一宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描,得到多组接收信号,计算每组接收信号的平均功率,并从中确定两个平均功率最大的功率Pm和Pn;若Pm-Pn得到的差值大于预设值,则确定扫描时所利用的预设的第一宽度波束的索引值为index_step1=2m–1;若Pm-Pn得到的差值小于预设值,且|m-n|=1,则确定扫描时所利用的预设的第一宽度波束的索引值为index_step1=m+n–1;若Pm-Pn得到的差值小于预设值,且|m-n|>1,则确定异常,重新采用所述预设宽度的波束对用户设备进行扫描。
- 根据权利要求11所述的装置,其特征在于,所述第二单元还用于:令K=index_step1*5;根据K的值选择预设的第一宽度波束所对应的预设的第二宽度波束的索引为index=[K-4,K-2,K,K+2,K+4];其中,第一预设宽度大于第二预设宽度;采用index=[K-4,K-2,K,K+2,K+4]所对应的预设的第二宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描。
- 根据权利要求12所述的装置,其特征在于,采用index=[K-4,K-2,K,K+2,K+4]所对应的预设的第二宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描,具体包括:采用index=[K-4,K-2,K,K+2,K+4]所对应的预设的第二宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描,得到五组接收信号,并比较这五组信号的平均功率P1,P2,P3,P4,P5,从中确定两个平均功率最大的功率Pm和Pn;若Pm–Pn得到的差值大于预设值,则确定扫描时所使用的第二宽度波束的索引值为index_step2=index(m);若Pm-Pn得到的差值小于预设值,且|m-n|=1,则确定扫描时所使用的第二宽度波束的索引值为index_step2=[index(m)+index(n)]/2;若Pm-Pn得到的差值小于预设值,且|m-n|>1,则确定异常,重新采 用预设的第二宽度波束对用户设备进行扫描。
- 根据权利要求13所述的装置,其特征在于,所述第二单元还用于:将最终得到的索引值index_step2所对应的预设的第二宽度波束,作为毫米波无线通信系统下行使用的波束,采用该波束对准用户设备位置进行通信。
- 根据权利要求10~14任一权项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述第一单元还用于采用如下方式预设所述第一宽度波束:预设5个3dB波束宽度为60°的第一宽度波束,各个第一宽度波束的索引值分别为pw_1,pw_2……pw_5,其中pw_i的波束中心角度为i*30°,其中i=1,2,……5。
- 根据权利要求12~14任一权项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述第一单元还用于采用如下方式预设所述第二宽度波束:预设29个3dB波束宽度为12°的第二宽度波束,各个第二宽度波束的索引值分别为pn_1,pn_2……pn_29,其中pn_j的波束中心角度为j*6°,其中j=1,2,……29。
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US20150325912A1 (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2015-11-12 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Millimeter wave phased-array beam alignment method and communications device |
CN105897324A (zh) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-08-24 | 西南交通大学 | 一种毫米波波束赋形与探测方法 |
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US20150325912A1 (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2015-11-12 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Millimeter wave phased-array beam alignment method and communications device |
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