WO2018189973A1 - Cleaning method, washing machine, dish washer, and toilet - Google Patents
Cleaning method, washing machine, dish washer, and toilet Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018189973A1 WO2018189973A1 PCT/JP2018/000832 JP2018000832W WO2018189973A1 WO 2018189973 A1 WO2018189973 A1 WO 2018189973A1 JP 2018000832 W JP2018000832 W JP 2018000832W WO 2018189973 A1 WO2018189973 A1 WO 2018189973A1
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
- D06F39/00—Details of washing machines not specific to a single type of machines covered by groups D06F9/00 - D06F27/00
- D06F39/08—Liquid supply or discharge arrangements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L15/00—Washing or rinsing machines for crockery or tableware
- A47L15/42—Details
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
- B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
- B08B3/10—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
- E03D11/00—Other component parts of water-closets, e.g. noise-reducing means in the flushing system, flushing pipes mounted in the bowl, seals for the bowl outlet, devices preventing overflow of the bowl contents; devices forming a water seal in the bowl after flushing, devices eliminating obstructions in the bowl outlet or preventing backflow of water and excrements from the waterpipe
- E03D11/02—Water-closet bowls ; Bowls with a double odour seal optionally with provisions for a good siphonic action; siphons as part of the bowl
Abstract
The cleaning method, washing machine, dish washer, and toilet according to the present invention involve cleaning an object to be cleaned with a cleaning solution in which are mixed fine-bubble water comprising 1×105 or more fine bubbles per 1 ml having a particle size of 500 nm or less and a surfactant.
Description
本発明の実施形態は、洗浄方法、洗濯機、食器洗浄機、及び便器に関する。
Embodiments of the present invention relate to a cleaning method, a washing machine, a dishwasher, and a toilet bowl.
近年、マイクロバブルやナノバブルと称される粒子径が数十ｎｍ～数μｍサイズの微細気泡が注目されてきており、多数の微細気泡を含んだ微細気泡水を用いて洗浄対象を洗浄する技術が提案されている。ここで、例えば油汚れ等を洗浄する際には、洗剤等の界面活性剤を用いることが一般的である。しかしながら、従来構成では、微細気泡と界面活性剤との相互作用については十分な検証がされておらず、微細気泡と界面活性剤との相互作用による効果を十分に引き出せていなかった。
In recent years, microbubbles called microbubbles and nanobubbles with a particle size of several tens of nanometers to several μm have attracted attention, and there is a technology for cleaning an object to be cleaned using microbubble water containing a large number of microbubbles. Proposed. Here, for example, when cleaning oil stains or the like, a surfactant such as a detergent is generally used. However, in the conventional configuration, the interaction between the fine bubbles and the surfactant has not been sufficiently verified, and the effect due to the interaction between the fine bubbles and the surfactant has not been sufficiently extracted.
そこで、微細気泡と界面活性剤との相互作用による効果を引き出して洗浄効率を向上させることができる洗浄方法、この洗浄方法を用いた洗濯機、食器洗浄機、及び便器を提供する。
Therefore, the present invention provides a cleaning method capable of extracting the effect of the interaction between the fine bubbles and the surfactant and improving the cleaning efficiency, and a washing machine, a dishwasher and a toilet using the cleaning method.
本実施形態による洗浄方法は、粒子径５００ｎｍ以下の微細気泡が１ｍｌあたり１×１０＾５個以上含まれている微細気泡水と、界面活性剤と、を混合させた洗浄液によって洗浄対象を洗浄する洗浄方法である。
In the cleaning method according to the present embodiment, the object to be cleaned is cleaned with a cleaning liquid in which fine bubble water containing 1 × 10 ^ 5 or more of fine bubbles having a particle diameter of 500 nm or less per ml and a surfactant are mixed. It is a cleaning method.
また、本実施形態による洗濯機、食器洗浄機、及び便器は、粒子径５００ｎｍ以下の微細気泡が１ｍｌあたり１×１０＾５個以上含まれている微細気泡水と、界面活性剤と、を混合させた洗浄液によって洗浄対象を洗浄する洗浄方法を用いたものである。
In addition, the washing machine, dishwasher, and toilet bowl according to this embodiment are a mixture of fine bubble water containing 1 × 10 ^ 5 or more of fine bubbles having a particle diameter of 500 nm or less and a surfactant. The cleaning method is used for cleaning the object to be cleaned with the cleaning liquid.
以下、一実施形態について図面を参照しながら説明する。
図１及び図２に示すように、本実施形態は、粒子径５００ｎｍ以下の微細気泡が１ｍｌあたり１×１０＾５個以上含まれている微細気泡水、より好ましくは粒子径２５０ｎｍ以下の微細気泡が１ｍｌあたり１×１０＾５個以上含まれている微細気泡水と、界面活性剤と、を混合させた洗浄液つまり界面活性剤溶液によって洗浄対象を洗浄する洗浄方法である。本実施形態において、界面活性剤は、石鹸等の天然由来の界面活性剤や、合成洗剤等に含まれた合成界面活性剤等を用いることができる。石鹸や合成洗剤は、固形や液体、紛体のいずれの形状であっても良い。 Hereinafter, an embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, in the present embodiment, fine bubble water containing 1 × 10 ^ 5 or more of fine bubbles having a particle diameter of 500 nm or less per ml, more preferably fine bubbles having a particle diameter of 250 nm or less. Is a cleaning method in which the object to be cleaned is cleaned with a cleaning liquid in which 1 × 10 5 or more microbubble water is contained per ml and a surfactant, that is, a surfactant solution. In the present embodiment, as the surfactant, a naturally derived surfactant such as soap, a synthetic surfactant contained in a synthetic detergent, or the like can be used. The soap or synthetic detergent may be in the form of a solid, liquid, or powder.
図１及び図２に示すように、本実施形態は、粒子径５００ｎｍ以下の微細気泡が１ｍｌあたり１×１０＾５個以上含まれている微細気泡水、より好ましくは粒子径２５０ｎｍ以下の微細気泡が１ｍｌあたり１×１０＾５個以上含まれている微細気泡水と、界面活性剤と、を混合させた洗浄液つまり界面活性剤溶液によって洗浄対象を洗浄する洗浄方法である。本実施形態において、界面活性剤は、石鹸等の天然由来の界面活性剤や、合成洗剤等に含まれた合成界面活性剤等を用いることができる。石鹸や合成洗剤は、固形や液体、紛体のいずれの形状であっても良い。 Hereinafter, an embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, in the present embodiment, fine bubble water containing 1 × 10 ^ 5 or more of fine bubbles having a particle diameter of 500 nm or less per ml, more preferably fine bubbles having a particle diameter of 250 nm or less. Is a cleaning method in which the object to be cleaned is cleaned with a cleaning liquid in which 1 × 10 5 or more microbubble water is contained per ml and a surfactant, that is, a surfactant solution. In the present embodiment, as the surfactant, a naturally derived surfactant such as soap, a synthetic surfactant contained in a synthetic detergent, or the like can be used. The soap or synthetic detergent may be in the form of a solid, liquid, or powder.
微細気泡水は、直径がナノオーダーの微細気泡を多量に含む水又は溶液のことをいう。すなわち、本実施形態の洗浄方法に用いる微細気泡水は、粒子径がナノオーダーの微細気泡を、水道水に比べて多量に含んでいる。微細気泡は、例えば水等の液体が流れる流路の断面積を局所的に縮小することでその流路を通る液体を急激に減圧させ、これにより液体中の溶存空気を析出させることで発生させることができる。また、微細気泡は、例えば流路を通る水等の液体に対して外部の空気を高速で混入することで発生させることもできる。
“Microbubble water” refers to water or a solution containing a large amount of microbubbles having a diameter of nano order. That is, the fine bubble water used in the cleaning method of the present embodiment contains a large amount of fine bubbles having a particle size of nano-order compared to tap water. Microbubbles are generated by, for example, locally reducing the cross-sectional area of a flow path through which a liquid such as water flows to rapidly depressurize the liquid passing through the flow path, thereby precipitating dissolved air in the liquid. be able to. The fine bubbles can also be generated by mixing external air at a high speed with a liquid such as water passing through the flow path.
本実施形態の洗浄方法に用いられる微細気泡水は、図１に示すように、粒子径５００ｎｍ以下の微細気泡の直径ごとつまり粒子径ごとの個数分布の最大ピークＰ１が粒子径１００ｎｍ±７０ｎｍの範囲内、より好ましくは粒子径１００ｎｍ±５０ｎｍの範囲内、更に好ましくは粒子径１００ｎｍ±３０ｎｍの範囲内に収まるように設定されている。この場合、微細気泡の粒子径ごとの個数分布の最大ピークＰ１は、粒子径８０ｎｍ付近に現れている。
As shown in FIG. 1, the fine bubble water used in the cleaning method of the present embodiment has a maximum peak P1 in the number distribution of fine bubbles having a particle diameter of 500 nm or less, that is, the number distribution for each particle diameter, in a range where the particle diameter is 100 nm ± 70 nm. Of these, the particle diameter is preferably set within a range of 100 nm ± 50 nm, and more preferably within a range of 100 nm ± 30 nm. In this case, the maximum peak P1 of the number distribution for each particle size of the fine bubbles appears in the vicinity of the particle size of 80 nm.
また、２番目のピークＰ２は、粒子径１４０ｎｍ付近に現れており、３番目のピークＰ３は粒子径１１０ｎｍ付近に現れている。また、４番目のピークＰ４は粒子径５０ｎｍ程度付近に現れており、５番目のピークＰ５は粒子径２２０ｎｍ付近に現れている。本実施形態では、粒子径５００ｎｍ以下の微細気泡の直径ごとの個数分布のうち、最大ピークＰ１を含む少なくとも２つのピーク、この場合、最大ピークＰ１と３番目のピークＰ３とが、粒子径１００ｎｍ±３０ｎｍの範囲内に収まっている。
The second peak P2 appears near the particle diameter of 140 nm, and the third peak P3 appears near the particle diameter of 110 nm. The fourth peak P4 appears around the particle diameter of about 50 nm, and the fifth peak P5 appears around the particle diameter of 220 nm. In the present embodiment, among the number distribution of fine bubbles having a particle diameter of 500 nm or less for each diameter, at least two peaks including the maximum peak P1, in this case, the maximum peak P1 and the third peak P3 have a particle diameter of 100 nm ± It is within the range of 30 nm.
本実施形態の洗浄方法に用いられる微細気泡水は、粒子径５００ｎｍ以下の微細気泡の数に占める粒子径１００ｎｍ±３０ｎｍの範囲内の微細気泡の数の割合が５０％以上となるように設定されている。本実施形態の場合、図２に示すように、微細気泡水は、粒子径５００ｎｍ以下の微細気泡を１ｍｌあたり１．０×１０＾６個以上、この場合、１．２５×１０＾６個程度含んでいる。このうち、粒子径１００ｎｍ±３０ｎｍの範囲内にある微細気泡は、８．２５×１０＾５個程度である。したがって、微細気泡水は、粒子径５００ｎｍ以下の微細気泡の数に占める粒子径１００ｎｍ±３０ｎｍの範囲内の微細気泡の数の割合が約６６％となっている。
The fine bubble water used in the cleaning method of the present embodiment is set so that the ratio of the number of fine bubbles within the range of the particle diameter of 100 nm ± 30 nm to the number of fine bubbles having a particle diameter of 500 nm or less is 50% or more. ing. In the case of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the fine bubble water is 1.0 × 10 ^ 6 or more of fine bubbles having a particle diameter of 500 nm or less per ml, in this case, about 1.25 × 10 ^ 6. Contains. Among these, there are about 8.25 × 10 ^ 5 fine bubbles having a particle diameter of 100 nm ± 30 nm. Therefore, in the fine bubble water, the ratio of the number of fine bubbles within the range of the particle diameter of 100 nm ± 30 nm to the number of fine bubbles having a particle diameter of 500 nm or less is about 66%.
本願発明者は、上記の微細気泡水を用いて、洗浄液中の微細気泡の数と、皮脂汚れに対する洗浄性能の向上率との相関性について、以下の手順により検証した。なお、本検証における微細気泡は、粒子径５００ｎｍ以下のものを意味するものとする。
The inventor of the present application verified the correlation between the number of fine bubbles in the cleaning liquid and the improvement rate of the cleaning performance against sebum using the above-described fine bubble water by the following procedure. In addition, the fine bubble in this verification shall mean a thing with a particle diameter of 500 nm or less.
（人工皮脂汚れの汚染成分の調製）
クロロホルムを溶媒としてオレイン酸及びトリオレインを溶かし、３２．５％のオレイン酸及び１７．５％のトリオレインを含む５０％溶液を汚染成分とした。 (Preparation of contamination components of artificial sebum soil)
Oleic acid and triolein were dissolved in chloroform as a solvent, and a 50% solution containing 32.5% oleic acid and 17.5% triolein was used as a contamination component.
クロロホルムを溶媒としてオレイン酸及びトリオレインを溶かし、３２．５％のオレイン酸及び１７．５％のトリオレインを含む５０％溶液を汚染成分とした。 (Preparation of contamination components of artificial sebum soil)
Oleic acid and triolein were dissolved in chloroform as a solvent, and a 50% solution containing 32.5% oleic acid and 17.5% triolein was used as a contamination component.
（試料の人工汚染及び調製）
上記汚染成分の溶液４０ｍｌを、１５０ｍｍ×２００ｍｍの綿布に均一になるように染み込ませ、室内にて２４時間の自然乾燥を行った後、５０ｍｍ角の布片に裁断して汚染布を得た。また、汚染成分の溶液を染み込ませていない綿布を、原布とした。 (Artificial contamination and preparation of samples)
40 ml of the solution of the contaminating component was soaked uniformly into a 150 mm × 200 mm cotton cloth, naturally dried for 24 hours in the room, and then cut into 50 mm square cloth pieces to obtain a contaminated cloth. A cotton cloth not soaked with the solution of the contaminating component was used as a raw cloth.
上記汚染成分の溶液４０ｍｌを、１５０ｍｍ×２００ｍｍの綿布に均一になるように染み込ませ、室内にて２４時間の自然乾燥を行った後、５０ｍｍ角の布片に裁断して汚染布を得た。また、汚染成分の溶液を染み込ませていない綿布を、原布とした。 (Artificial contamination and preparation of samples)
40 ml of the solution of the contaminating component was soaked uniformly into a 150 mm × 200 mm cotton cloth, naturally dried for 24 hours in the room, and then cut into 50 mm square cloth pieces to obtain a contaminated cloth. A cotton cloth not soaked with the solution of the contaminating component was used as a raw cloth.
（テスト方法）
汚染布の１つを、洗浄を行わない基準片とした。また、６つの汚染布を、それぞれ１．３０×１０＾６個／ｍｌの微細気泡を含む洗浄液、６．５×１０＾５個／ｍｌの微細気泡を含む洗浄液、３．２５×１０＾５個／ｍｌの微細気泡を含む洗浄液、２．６×１０＾５個／ｍｌの微細気泡を含む洗浄液、１．６０×１０＾５個／ｍｌの微細気泡を含む洗浄液、及び微細気泡を混入していない洗浄液の６種類の洗浄液によって洗浄し、その後、室内にて２４時間の自然乾燥を行った。これにより、それぞれ評価片１～５、及び比較片を得た。 (Test method)
One of the contaminated cloths was used as a reference piece that was not washed. Also, each of the six contaminated cloths was cleaned with a cleaning solution containing 1.30 × 10 ^ 6 / ml fine bubbles, a cleaning solution containing 6.5 × 10 ^ 5 / ml fine bubbles, and 3.25 × 10 ^ 5. A cleaning liquid containing microbubbles per piece / ml, a cleaning liquid containing microbubbles of 2.6 × 10 ^ 5 / ml, a cleaning liquid containing microbubbles of 1.60 × 10 ^ 5 / ml, and microbubbles Cleaning was performed with six types of cleaning liquids that were not, and then natural drying was performed indoors for 24 hours. Thereby, evaluation pieces 1 to 5 and a comparison piece were obtained, respectively.
汚染布の１つを、洗浄を行わない基準片とした。また、６つの汚染布を、それぞれ１．３０×１０＾６個／ｍｌの微細気泡を含む洗浄液、６．５×１０＾５個／ｍｌの微細気泡を含む洗浄液、３．２５×１０＾５個／ｍｌの微細気泡を含む洗浄液、２．６×１０＾５個／ｍｌの微細気泡を含む洗浄液、１．６０×１０＾５個／ｍｌの微細気泡を含む洗浄液、及び微細気泡を混入していない洗浄液の６種類の洗浄液によって洗浄し、その後、室内にて２４時間の自然乾燥を行った。これにより、それぞれ評価片１～５、及び比較片を得た。 (Test method)
One of the contaminated cloths was used as a reference piece that was not washed. Also, each of the six contaminated cloths was cleaned with a cleaning solution containing 1.30 × 10 ^ 6 / ml fine bubbles, a cleaning solution containing 6.5 × 10 ^ 5 / ml fine bubbles, and 3.25 × 10 ^ 5. A cleaning liquid containing microbubbles per piece / ml, a cleaning liquid containing microbubbles of 2.6 × 10 ^ 5 / ml, a cleaning liquid containing microbubbles of 1.60 × 10 ^ 5 / ml, and microbubbles Cleaning was performed with six types of cleaning liquids that were not, and then natural drying was performed indoors for 24 hours. Thereby, evaluation pieces 1 to 5 and a comparison piece were obtained, respectively.
なお、各洗浄液には、同一量の洗剤が溶解されている。すなわち、比較片を洗浄するための洗浄液は、水道水に市販の洗剤を規定量溶かしたものである。また、評価片１～５を洗浄するための洗浄液は、それぞれ上記所定の微細気泡を混入させた水道水に市販の洗剤を規定量溶かしたものである。洗剤の溶解量は、例えばその洗剤の取扱説明書に記載されている規定量である。また、比較片及び各評価片１～５の洗浄は、市販の洗濯機を用いて同一の運転内容にて行われた。
Note that the same amount of detergent is dissolved in each cleaning solution. That is, the cleaning liquid for cleaning the comparative piece is obtained by dissolving a predetermined amount of a commercially available detergent in tap water. The cleaning liquid for cleaning the evaluation pieces 1 to 5 is obtained by dissolving a predetermined amount of a commercially available detergent in tap water mixed with the predetermined fine bubbles. The dissolved amount of the detergent is, for example, a prescribed amount described in the instruction manual for the detergent. Further, cleaning of the comparative piece and each of the evaluation pieces 1 to 5 was performed with the same operation content using a commercially available washing machine.
次に、混合比がエタノール：水＝１３：７のエタノール水溶液の溶媒に、油溶性色素としてオイルバイオレッドを溶解させて、濃度０．６６４ｍｇ／ｍｌの染色液を得た。そして、各評価片１～５及び比較片を、染色液に１５分間浸して染色した後、エタノール水溶液、水の順ですすぎ、余分な染色液をすすぎ落とし、その後、比較片及び各評価片１～５及び比較片を、室内にて２４時間の自然乾燥を行った。
Next, oil bio red as an oil-soluble dye was dissolved in a solvent of an ethanol aqueous solution having a mixing ratio of ethanol: water = 13: 7 to obtain a staining solution having a concentration of 0.664 mg / ml. Each of the evaluation pieces 1 to 5 and the comparison piece are soaked in a staining solution for 15 minutes to be dyed, and then rinsed with an ethanol aqueous solution and water in this order, and the excess staining solution is rinsed off. Thereafter, the comparison piece and each evaluation piece 1 ˜5 and the comparative piece were naturally dried in a room for 24 hours.
次に、色差計を用いて、各評価片１～５及び比較片の洗浄前色差として、原布と基準片との色差を計測した。また、各評価片１～５及び比較片の洗浄後色差として、原布と各評価片１～５及び比較片との色差を計測した。そして、次式（１）に基づいて評価片１～５及び比較片の洗浄度を算出し、比較片の洗浄度に対する各評価片１～５の洗浄度の比較を行った。
洗浄度＝１－（洗浄後色差）／（洗浄前色差）・・・（１） Next, using a color difference meter, the color difference between the base fabric and the reference piece was measured as the color difference before washing of each of the evaluation pieces 1 to 5 and the comparison piece. Further, the color difference between the base fabric and each of the evaluation pieces 1 to 5 and the comparison piece was measured as the color difference after washing of each of the evaluation pieces 1 to 5 and the comparison piece. Then, the degree of cleaning of the evaluation pieces 1 to 5 and the comparative piece was calculated based on the following formula (1), and the degree of cleaning of each of the evaluation pieces 1 to 5 was compared with the degree of cleaning of the comparative piece.
Degree of washing = 1- (color difference after washing) / (color difference before washing) (1)
洗浄度＝１－（洗浄後色差）／（洗浄前色差）・・・（１） Next, using a color difference meter, the color difference between the base fabric and the reference piece was measured as the color difference before washing of each of the evaluation pieces 1 to 5 and the comparison piece. Further, the color difference between the base fabric and each of the evaluation pieces 1 to 5 and the comparison piece was measured as the color difference after washing of each of the evaluation pieces 1 to 5 and the comparison piece. Then, the degree of cleaning of the evaluation pieces 1 to 5 and the comparative piece was calculated based on the following formula (1), and the degree of cleaning of each of the evaluation pieces 1 to 5 was compared with the degree of cleaning of the comparative piece.
Degree of washing = 1- (color difference after washing) / (color difference before washing) (1)
試験の結果を図３に示している。なお、図３中の「混合割合」は、１ｍｌあたり１．３０×１０＾６個の微細気泡を含む微細気泡水を１００％の微細気泡水とし、その１００％の微細気泡水に水道水を混ぜて洗浄液を精製した場合において、洗浄液全体に占める微細気泡水の比率を示したものである。図３中の「微細気泡濃度」は、各洗浄液の１ｍｌあたりに含まれる微細気泡の数を示している。そして、図３中の「対数値」は、各洗浄液の微細気泡濃度を、１０を底とする常用対数で表したものである。
The test results are shown in FIG. The “mixing ratio” in FIG. 3 is defined as 100% fine bubble water containing 1.30 × 10 ^ 6 fine bubbles per ml, and tap water is added to the 100% fine bubble water. When the cleaning liquid is purified by mixing, the ratio of the fine bubble water to the entire cleaning liquid is shown. The “fine bubble concentration” in FIG. 3 indicates the number of fine bubbles contained in 1 ml of each cleaning liquid. And the "logarithm value" in FIG. 3 represents the fine bubble density | concentration of each washing | cleaning liquid with the common logarithm which makes 10 the base.
図３に示す試験結果によると、１．３０×１０＾６個／ｍｌの微細気泡を含む洗浄液で洗浄を行った評価片１においては、微細気泡を含まない洗浄液で洗浄を行った比較片に対し、１９．２％の洗浄性能の向上が見られた。また、６．５×１０＾５個／ｍｌの微細気泡を含む洗浄液で洗浄を行った評価片２においては、微細気泡を含まない洗浄液で洗浄を行った比較片に対し、１３．７％の洗浄性能の向上が見られた。また、３．２５×１０＾５個／ｍｌの微細気泡を含む洗浄液で洗浄を行った評価片３においては、微細気泡を含まない洗浄液で洗浄を行った比較片に対し、１３．０％の洗浄性能の向上が見られた。
According to the test results shown in FIG. 3, in the evaluation piece 1 cleaned with a cleaning liquid containing fine bubbles of 1.30 × 10 ^ 6 / ml, the comparison piece cleaned with a cleaning liquid containing no fine bubbles On the other hand, an improvement in cleaning performance of 19.2% was observed. Moreover, in the evaluation piece 2 cleaned with the cleaning liquid containing 6.5 × 10 ^ 5 / ml fine bubbles, 13.7% of the comparative piece cleaned with the cleaning liquid not containing fine bubbles. The cleaning performance was improved. Moreover, in the evaluation piece 3 cleaned with the cleaning liquid containing 3.25 × 10 ^ 5 / ml fine bubbles, 13.0% of the comparative piece cleaned with the cleaning liquid containing no fine bubbles. The cleaning performance was improved.
また、２．６×１０＾５個／ｍｌの微細気泡を含む洗浄液で洗浄を行った評価片４においては、微細気泡を含まない洗浄液で洗浄を行った比較片に対し、１２．６％の洗浄性能の向上が見られた。そして、１．６０×１０＾５個／ｍｌの微細気泡を含む洗浄液で洗浄を行った評価片５においては、微細気泡を含まない洗浄液で洗浄を行った比較片に対し、１０．７％の洗浄性能の向上が見られた。
Moreover, in the evaluation piece 4 washed with the cleaning liquid containing 2.6 × 10 ^ 5 / ml fine bubbles, 12.6% of the comparative piece washed with the washing liquid not containing fine bubbles. The cleaning performance was improved. And in the evaluation piece 5 cleaned with a cleaning liquid containing 1.60 × 10 ^ 5 microbubbles, 10.7% of the comparative piece cleaned with a cleaning liquid not containing fine bubbles The cleaning performance was improved.
図４は、図３の各評価片１～５について、横軸を洗浄液中の微細気泡数の対数とし、縦軸を洗浄性能向上率として表したものである。そして、図４において横軸つまり洗浄液中の微細気泡の濃度をＸ軸とし、縦軸つまり洗浄性能の向上率をＹ軸とした場合において、最小二乗法により算出した近似曲線は、次式（２）で表すことができる。また、この場合の相関係数Ｒ＾２は、０．９０８であった。
Ｙ＝（５．０２×１０＾（－４））Ｘ＾（３．２５）・・・（２） FIG. 4 shows the evaluation pieces 1 to 5 in FIG. 3 with the horizontal axis representing the logarithm of the number of fine bubbles in the cleaning liquid and the vertical axis representing the cleaning performance improvement rate. In FIG. 4, when the horizontal axis, that is, the concentration of fine bubbles in the cleaning liquid is taken as the X axis, and the vertical axis, that is, the improvement rate of the cleaning performance is taken as the Y axis, an approximate curve calculated by the least square method is ). In this case, the correlation coefficient R ^ 2 was 0.908.
Y = (5.02 × 10 ^ (− 4)) X ^ (3.25) (2)
Ｙ＝（５．０２×１０＾（－４））Ｘ＾（３．２５）・・・（２） FIG. 4 shows the evaluation pieces 1 to 5 in FIG. 3 with the horizontal axis representing the logarithm of the number of fine bubbles in the cleaning liquid and the vertical axis representing the cleaning performance improvement rate. In FIG. 4, when the horizontal axis, that is, the concentration of fine bubbles in the cleaning liquid is taken as the X axis, and the vertical axis, that is, the improvement rate of the cleaning performance is taken as the Y axis, an approximate curve calculated by the least square method is ). In this case, the correlation coefficient R ^ 2 was 0.908.
Y = (5.02 × 10 ^ (− 4)) X ^ (3.25) (2)
図４、式（２）、及びその相関係数Ｒ＾２によれば、洗浄液中の微細気泡量の増大に伴って、洗浄性能がほぼ線形的つまりほぼ一次直線的に向上しているのがわかる。すなわち、本試験により、洗浄液中の微細気泡の数と洗浄性能との間には、高い相関性があることがわかった。そして、式（２）によると、洗浄液中の微細気泡の数が１．０×１０＾５個／ｍｌつまりＸ＝５のときに、微細気泡を含まない通常の洗浄液で洗浄を行った場合に比べて洗浄性能が約９．４％向上することが導き出される。また、式（２）によると、洗浄液中の微細気泡の数が１．２６×１０＾５個／ｍｌつまりＸ＝５．１のときに、微細気泡を含まない通常の洗浄液で洗浄を行った場合に比べて洗浄性能が約１０％向上することが導き出される。この結果、洗浄液中に少なくとも１．０×１０＾５個／ｍｌの微細気泡を含ませることで、微細気泡を含まない通常の洗浄液で洗浄を行った場合に比べて、約１０％の洗浄性能を向上させることができることがわかった。
According to FIG. 4, equation (2), and its correlation coefficient R ^ 2, the cleaning performance is improved substantially linearly, that is, almost linearly as the amount of fine bubbles in the cleaning liquid increases. Recognize. That is, this test revealed that there was a high correlation between the number of fine bubbles in the cleaning liquid and the cleaning performance. According to the equation (2), when the number of fine bubbles in the cleaning liquid is 1.0 × 10 ^ 5 / ml, that is, when X = 5, cleaning is performed with a normal cleaning liquid that does not include fine bubbles. In comparison, it is derived that the cleaning performance is improved by about 9.4%. Further, according to the formula (2), when the number of fine bubbles in the cleaning liquid is 1.26 × 10 ^ 5 / ml, that is, X = 5.1, cleaning is performed with a normal cleaning liquid that does not include fine bubbles. It is derived that the cleaning performance is improved by about 10% compared to the case. As a result, by including at least 1.0 × 10 ^ 5 / ml fine bubbles in the cleaning solution, the cleaning performance is about 10% compared to the case of cleaning with a normal cleaning solution that does not contain fine bubbles. It was found that can be improved.
ここで、上記試験では、図５及び図６に示す微細気泡発生器１０を用いて、微細気泡水を生成した。微細気泡発生器１０は、例えば合成樹脂製であって、全体として円筒形状に形成されている。微細気泡発生器１０は、絞り部１１、ストレート部１２、及び突出部１３を有している。絞り部１１とストレート部１２とは、連続した１本の流路を形成している。この場合、絞り部１１側が入力側となり、ストレート部１２側が出力側となる。
Here, in the above test, fine bubble water was generated using the fine bubble generator 10 shown in FIGS. The fine bubble generator 10 is made of, for example, a synthetic resin and is formed in a cylindrical shape as a whole. The fine bubble generator 10 has a throttle portion 11, a straight portion 12, and a protruding portion 13. The throttle portion 11 and the straight portion 12 form a single continuous flow path. In this case, the aperture portion 11 side is the input side, and the straight portion 12 side is the output side.
絞り部１１は、微細気泡発生器１０の入力側から出力側へ向かって内径が縮小する形状、すなわち流路の断面積つまり内径が連続的に徐々に減少するようないわゆる円錐形のテーパ管状に形成されている。ストレート部１２は、流路の断面積つまり内径が変化しない円筒形いわゆるストレート管状に形成されている。
The narrowed portion 11 has a shape in which the inner diameter decreases from the input side to the output side of the fine bubble generator 10, that is, a so-called conical tapered tube shape in which the cross-sectional area of the flow path, that is, the inner diameter decreases gradually. Is formed. The straight portion 12 is formed in a so-called straight tubular shape in which the cross-sectional area of the flow path, that is, the inner diameter does not change.
突出部１３は、ストレート部１２の長手方向の途中部分に設けられている。突出部１３は、ストレート部１２において水の通過可能な断面積を局所的に縮小することでストレート部１２を通過する液体中に微細気泡を発生させるためのものである。本実施形態の場合、ストレート部１２には、複数本この場合４本の突出部１３が設けられている。各突出部１３は、先端が尖った棒状の部材で構成され、ストレート部１２の内周面からこのストレート部１２の断面における中心方向へ向かって突出している。各突出部１３は、ストレート部１２の断面の周方向に向かって相互に等間隔に離間した状態で配置されている。
The protruding portion 13 is provided in the middle of the straight portion 12 in the longitudinal direction. The protrusion 13 is for generating fine bubbles in the liquid passing through the straight portion 12 by locally reducing the cross-sectional area through which water can pass in the straight portion 12. In the case of this embodiment, the straight part 12 is provided with a plurality of, in this case, four protruding parts 13. Each projecting portion 13 is composed of a rod-like member with a sharp tip, and projects from the inner peripheral surface of the straight portion 12 toward the center in the cross section of the straight portion 12. The protrusions 13 are arranged in a state of being spaced apart at equal intervals toward the circumferential direction of the cross section of the straight portion 12.
微細気泡発生器１０に対して絞り部１１側から水が流入すると、絞り部１１からストレート部１２にかけて流路断面積が絞られることによって、流体力学のいわゆるベンチュリ効果により流速が高められる。そして、その高速流が突出部１３に衝突することで圧力が急激に低下される。これにより、水中に溶存している空気を微細な気泡として多量に析出させることができる。
When water flows into the fine bubble generator 10 from the throttle part 11 side, the flow rate is increased by the so-called Venturi effect of hydrodynamics by narrowing the flow path cross-sectional area from the throttle part 11 to the straight part 12. Then, the high-speed flow collides with the protruding portion 13 so that the pressure is rapidly reduced. Thereby, a large amount of air dissolved in water can be deposited as fine bubbles.
微細気泡発生器１０の性能の評価は、微細気泡発生器１０に対して水を１回通過させて微細気泡水を生成した際に、その微細気泡水の単位量例えば１ｍｌあたりに含まれている微細気泡の数とその微細気泡の粒子径ごとの個数分布を計測することによって行われる。なお、本実施形態では、微細気泡発生器１０に対して水を１回のみ通過させて微細気泡水を生成することを、ワンパスと称する。
The evaluation of the performance of the fine bubble generator 10 is included in a unit amount of fine bubble water, for example, 1 ml when water is passed through the fine bubble generator 10 once to generate fine bubble water. This is done by measuring the number of fine bubbles and the number distribution of the fine bubbles for each particle diameter. In the present embodiment, it is referred to as one pass that water is passed through the fine bubble generator 10 only once to generate fine bubble water.
微細気泡発生器１０の性能の評価は、図７に示すような計測システム２０を用いて行う。計測システム２０は、微細気泡発生器１０と、水槽２１と、循環ポンプ２２と、水槽２１と循環ポンプ２２との間を繋ぐ配管２３、２４とを備えている。微細気泡発生器１０は、循環ポンプ２２の吐出側に接続された配管２３の途中部分つまり循環ポンプ２２から水槽２１へ至る配管２３の途中部分に設けられている。
Evaluation of the performance of the fine bubble generator 10 is performed using a measurement system 20 as shown in FIG. The measurement system 20 includes a fine bubble generator 10, a water tank 21, a circulation pump 22, and pipes 23 and 24 that connect between the water tank 21 and the circulation pump 22. The fine bubble generator 10 is provided in the middle of the pipe 23 connected to the discharge side of the circulation pump 22, that is, in the middle of the pipe 23 extending from the circulation pump 22 to the water tank 21.
水槽２１内には所定量例えば１０Ｌの超純水Ｗが貯留されている。循環ポンプ２２は、超純水Ｗを水槽２１と循環ポンプ２２との間で循環させる。その際、微細気泡発生器１０には、循環ポンプ２２の作用により０．１ＭＰａの圧力で超純水Ｗが印加される。これにより、微細気泡発生器１０を通過した超純水Ｗ内に、微細気泡が析出して微細気泡水となる。そして、循環ポンプ２２を所定時間駆動させ、超純水Ｗを循環させて微細気泡発生器１０を複数回通過させることで、水槽２１内の超純水Ｗに含まれる微細気泡の数を増大させた。
A predetermined amount, for example, 10 L of ultrapure water W is stored in the water tank 21. The circulation pump 22 circulates the ultrapure water W between the water tank 21 and the circulation pump 22. At that time, ultrapure water W is applied to the fine bubble generator 10 at a pressure of 0.1 MPa by the action of the circulation pump 22. As a result, fine bubbles are deposited in the ultrapure water W that has passed through the fine bubble generator 10 to form fine bubble water. Then, the number of fine bubbles contained in the ultrapure water W in the water tank 21 is increased by driving the circulation pump 22 for a predetermined time, circulating the ultrapure water W, and passing the fine bubble generator 10 a plurality of times. It was.
本願発明者は、循環ポンプ２２の駆動を開始してから所定の時間例えば約１０分毎に水槽２１内の超純水Ｗをサンプルとして採取した。そして、本願発明者は、採取した各サンプルについて、ナノ粒子解析装置（ＮＡＮＯＳＩＧＨＴ ＬＭ１０、株式会社島津製作所製）を用いてナノ粒子トラッキング法（粒子軌跡トレース法とも称する）により解析しい、これにより１ｍｌあたりの微細気泡の数を計測した。
The inventors of the present application sampled ultrapure water W in the water tank 21 as a sample every predetermined time, for example, about every 10 minutes after starting to drive the circulation pump 22. Then, the inventor of the present application analyzes each collected sample by a nanoparticle tracking method (also referred to as a particle trajectory tracing method) using a nanoparticle analyzer (NANOSIGHT LM10, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation). The number of fine bubbles was measured.
また、本願発明者は、超純水Ｗの循環流量と水槽２１内の初期の貯留量とから超純水Ｗの１回の循環に要する時間を算出した。本実施形態の場合、１回の循環に要する時間は約１分である。そして、本願発明者は、１回の循環に要する時間と、サンプルの採取時間とから、各サンプルの採取時までに超純水Ｗが微細気泡発生器１０を通過していた回数を算出した。以下の説明では、このようにして算出された回数、つまり循環ポンプ２２を動作させてから各サンプルの採取時までに超純水Ｗが微細気泡発生器１０を通過したと思われる回数を、通過回数と称する。
The inventor of the present application calculated the time required for one circulation of the ultrapure water W from the circulation flow rate of the ultrapure water W and the initial storage amount in the water tank 21. In the case of this embodiment, the time required for one circulation is about 1 minute. Then, the inventor of the present application calculated the number of times that the ultrapure water W passed through the fine bubble generator 10 by the time when each sample was collected from the time required for one circulation and the sample collection time. In the following description, the number of times calculated in this way, that is, the number of times that the ultrapure water W is considered to have passed through the fine bubble generator 10 from the time when the circulation pump 22 is operated to the time of collection of each sample, is passed. Called the number of times.
図８は、各サンプルについて、通過回数を横軸とし微細気泡の発生量を縦軸としてプロットしたものである。図８の結果によれば、通過回数つまり超純水Ｗの循環回数が増えるほど、超純水Ｗに含まれる微細気泡の量も線形的に増えることがわかった。つまり、超純水Ｗが微細気泡発生器１０を通過する回数が増えるほど、超純水Ｗ中の微細気泡が濃縮されることがわかった。すなわち、図８の結果によれば、微細気泡発生器１０の通過回数つまり超純水Ｗの循環回数と、超純水Ｗに含まれる微細気泡の量とは、一次直線的な相関関係を有することがわかった。
FIG. 8 is a plot of the number of passages on the horizontal axis and the amount of microbubbles generated on the vertical axis for each sample. According to the result of FIG. 8, it was found that the amount of fine bubbles contained in the ultrapure water W increases linearly as the number of passes, that is, the number of circulations of the ultrapure water W increases. That is, it was found that the fine bubbles in the ultrapure water W are concentrated as the number of times the ultrapure water W passes through the fine bubble generator 10 increases. That is, according to the result of FIG. 8, the number of passages of the fine bubble generator 10, that is, the number of circulations of the ultrapure water W, and the amount of fine bubbles contained in the ultrapure water W have a linear correlation. I understood it.
これによれば、水等の液体を微細気泡発生器１０に対して１回通過させた場合に発生する微細気泡の数を、微細気泡発生器１０のワンパスでの性能とすると、そのワンパスでの性能は、次のようにして求められる。すなわち、循環開始後の任意の時点において水槽２１内の超純水Ｗをサンプル採取し、そのサンプル含まれる微細気泡の数を計測する。そして、その計測した微細気泡の数を、サンプル採取時点までの通過回数つまり循環回数で除算することで、微細気泡発生器１０のワンパスでの性能が算出される。このようにして算出された性能つまり微細気泡の数は、一旦濃度を濃くしたうえで通過回数によって平均化されるため、測定装置の分解能や使用する水に含まれる微細気泡以外の微細粒子の影響を極力排除することができ、精度の良い評価結果を得ることができる。
According to this, when the number of fine bubbles generated when a liquid such as water is passed through the fine bubble generator 10 once is assumed to be the one-pass performance of the fine bubble generator 10, The performance is obtained as follows. In other words, the ultrapure water W in the water tank 21 is sampled at an arbitrary time after the start of circulation, and the number of fine bubbles contained in the sample is measured. Then, the one-pass performance of the fine bubble generator 10 is calculated by dividing the measured number of fine bubbles by the number of passes until the sample is collected, that is, the number of circulations. The performance calculated in this way, that is, the number of fine bubbles, is averaged by the number of passages once the concentration is increased, so the influence of fine particles other than the fine bubbles contained in the resolution of the measuring device and the water used Can be eliminated as much as possible, and a highly accurate evaluation result can be obtained.
本実施形態において、図８に示す結果を見ると、１０．６回分の循環によって、粒子径５００ｎｍ以下の微細気泡が１ｍｌあたり約１．４８×１０＾７個生成されている。また、２０．２回分の循環によって、粒子径５００ｎｍ以下の微細気泡が１ｍｌあたり約２．８５×１０＾７個生成されている。そして、２９．８回分の循環によって、粒子径５００ｎｍ以下の微細気泡が１ｍｌあたり約３．９５×１０＾７個生成されている。これらの結果から、１回の通過によって、粒子径５００ｎｍ以下の微細気泡が１ｍｌあたり１．３～１．４×１０＾６個生成されていたことがわかる。したがって、本実施形態の洗浄方法に用いた微細気泡発生器１０は、粒子径５００ｎｍ以下の微細気泡を１ｍｌあたり１．３～１．４×１０＾６個程度含む微細気泡水を、印加動水圧０．１ＭＰａにおいてワンパスで生成できることがわかった。
In the present embodiment, when the result shown in FIG. 8 is seen, about 1.48 × 10 7 fine bubbles having a particle diameter of 500 nm or less are generated by 10.6 cycles. In addition, about 2.85 × 10 ^ 7 fine bubbles having a particle diameter of 500 nm or less are generated by circulation of 20.2 times. Then, by the circulation of 29.8 times, about 3.95 × 10 ^ 7 fine bubbles having a particle diameter of 500 nm or less are generated per 1 ml. From these results, it is understood that 1.3 to 1.4 × 10 ^ 6 fine bubbles having a particle diameter of 500 nm or less were generated per one pass. Therefore, the fine bubble generator 10 used in the cleaning method of the present embodiment applies fine bubble water containing about 1.3 to 1.4 × 10 ^ 6 fine bubbles having a particle diameter of 500 nm or less per ml. It was found that it can be produced in one pass at 0.1 MPa.
また、上記の洗浄性能の試験においては、微細気泡発生器１０に水道水を１回のみ通過させた微細気泡水つまりワンパスで発生させた微細気泡水を、１００％の微細気泡水とした。この１００％の微細気泡水には、粒子径５００ｎｍ以下の微細気泡が１ｍｌあたり１．３×１０＾６個程度含まれている。そして、この１００％の微細気泡水を水道水で薄めずに原液で用いることで、評価片１に用いる１．３０×１０＾６個／ｍｌの微細気泡を含む洗浄液を得た。また、１００％の微細気泡水を水道水で５０％に薄めることで、評価片２に用いる６．５０×１０＾５個／ｍｌの微細気泡を含む洗浄液を得た。
In the above cleaning performance test, the fine bubble water in which tap water was passed through the fine bubble generator 10 only once, that is, the fine bubble water generated in one pass was defined as 100% fine bubble water. This 100% fine bubble water contains about 1.3 × 10 ^ 6 fine bubbles having a particle diameter of 500 nm or less per ml. And by using this 100% fine bubble water as a stock solution without diluting with tap water, a cleaning liquid containing 1.30 × 10 ^ 6 / ml fine bubbles used for the evaluation piece 1 was obtained. Moreover, the washing | cleaning liquid containing the 6.50x10 ^ 5 piece / ml microbubble used for the evaluation piece 2 was obtained by diluting 100% microbubble water to 50% with tap water.
また、１００％の微細気泡水を水道水で２５％に薄めることで、評価片３に用いる３．２５×１０＾５個／ｍｌの微細気泡を含む洗浄液を得た。また、１００％の微細気泡水を水道水で２０％に薄めることで、評価片４に用いる２．６０×１０＾５個／ｍｌの微細気泡を含む洗浄液を得た。そして、１００％の微細気泡水を水道水で１２．５％に薄めることで、評価片５に用いる１．６０×１０＾５個／ｍｌの微細気泡を含む洗浄液を得た。
Also, 100% fine bubble water was diluted to 25% with tap water to obtain a cleaning liquid containing 3.25 × 10 ^ 5 / ml fine bubbles used for the evaluation piece 3. Moreover, the washing | cleaning liquid containing the 2.60 * 10 ^ 5 piece / ml microbubble used for the evaluation piece 4 was obtained by diluting 100% microbubble water to 20% with tap water. And the washing | cleaning liquid containing the 1.60 * 10 ^ 5 piece / ml microbubble used for the evaluation piece 5 was obtained by diluting 100% microbubble water to 12.5% with tap water.
したがって、評価片１～５に用いる洗浄液は、いずれも微細気泡の粒子径ごとの個数分布のピーク及び割合は同一である。すなわち、評価片１～５に用いる洗浄液は、上述したように、いずれも粒子径５００ｎｍ以下の微細気泡の粒子径ごとの個数分布の最大ピークが粒子径１００ｎｍ±３０ｎｍの範囲内に収まっている。また、評価片１～５に用いる洗浄液は、上述したように、いずれも粒子径５００ｎｍ以下の微細気泡の数に占める粒子径１００ｎｍ±３０ｎｍの範囲内の微細気泡の数の割合が５０％以上となっている。
Therefore, the cleaning liquid used for each of the evaluation pieces 1 to 5 has the same number distribution peak and ratio for each particle diameter of the fine bubbles. In other words, as described above, the cleaning liquid used for each of the evaluation pieces 1 to 5 has the maximum peak of the number distribution for each particle diameter of fine bubbles having a particle diameter of 500 nm or less within the range of the particle diameter of 100 nm ± 30 nm. In addition, as described above, the cleaning liquid used for each of the evaluation pieces 1 to 5 has a ratio of the number of fine bubbles in the range of the particle diameter of 100 nm ± 30 nm to the number of fine bubbles having a particle diameter of 500 nm or less of 50% or more. It has become.
ここで、一般に微細気泡は、その気泡の粒子径によって次のように分類されている。例えば、粒子径が数μｍから５０μｍ程度つまりマイクロオーダーの気泡は、マイクロバブル又はファインバブルと称されている。これに対し、粒子径が数百ｎｍ～数十ｎｍ以下つまりナノオーダーの気泡は、ナノバブル又はウルトラファインバブルと称されている。
Here, in general, fine bubbles are classified as follows according to the particle diameter of the bubbles. For example, bubbles having a particle size of about several μm to 50 μm, that is, micro-order bubbles are called microbubbles or fine bubbles. On the other hand, bubbles with a particle size of several hundred nm to several tens of nm or less, that is, nano-order bubbles are called nanobubbles or ultrafine bubbles.
気泡の粒子径が数百ｎｍ～数十ｎｍ以下になると、光の波長よりも小さくなるため視認することができなくなり、液体は透明になる。そして、ナノオーダーの微細気泡は、マイクロオーダー以上の気泡に比べて、総界面面積が大きいこと、浮上速度が遅いこと、内部圧力が大きいこと等の特性を有している。例えば、粒子径がマイクロオーダーの気泡は、その浮力によって液体中を急速に上昇し、液体表面で破裂して消滅するため、液体中の滞在時間が比較的短い。一方、粒子径がナノオーダーの微細気泡は、浮力が小さいため液体中での滞在時間が長い。
When the bubble particle size is several hundred nm to several tens of nm or less, it becomes smaller than the wavelength of light and cannot be visually recognized, and the liquid becomes transparent. The nano-order fine bubbles have characteristics such as a large total interface area, a low levitation speed, and a large internal pressure, as compared with bubbles of the micro-order or higher. For example, bubbles having a particle size of the micro order rapidly rise in the liquid due to the buoyancy, and rupture and disappear on the liquid surface. Therefore, the residence time in the liquid is relatively short. On the other hand, microbubbles having a particle size of nano-order have a long residence time in a liquid because of their small buoyancy.
上記試験では、界面活性剤を溶かした洗浄液中に微細気泡を含ませることで、微細気泡を含まない通常の洗浄液で洗浄を行った場合に比べて洗浄性能を向上させることができることがわかったが、これは、次のような原理であると想定される。すなわち、図９に示すように、通常、界面活性剤３２は、ある濃度以上になると、界面活性剤３２の疎水基同士が集まり、ミセル化して界面活性剤３２の凝集体３３を形成する。この凝集体３３の粒子径は、数１０ｎｍとされている。一方、例えば粒子径５００ｎｍ以下の微細気泡３１は、その表面が負の電化に帯電して疎水性となっているため、界面活性剤３２の疎水基を引き付ける。
In the above test, it was found that by including fine bubbles in the cleaning solution in which the surfactant was dissolved, the cleaning performance could be improved as compared with the case of cleaning with a normal cleaning solution that does not contain fine bubbles. This is assumed to be the following principle. That is, as shown in FIG. 9, normally, when the surfactant 32 reaches a certain concentration or more, the hydrophobic groups of the surfactant 32 gather and form micelles to form an aggregate 33 of the surfactant 32. The particle diameter of the aggregate 33 is set to several tens of nm. On the other hand, for example, the microbubbles 31 having a particle diameter of 500 nm or less are attracted to the hydrophobic group of the surfactant 32 because the surface thereof is charged with negative charge and becomes hydrophobic.
そのため、ミセル化した界面活性剤３２の凝集体３３を含む洗剤を、粒子径５００ｎｍ以下の微細気泡３１を含む微細気泡水に混ぜると、微細気泡３１の表面の疎水性作用によって凝集体３３のエネルギー的安定状態が崩れ、図１０に示すように凝集体３３が崩れて界面活性剤３２の各分子が分散する。そして、分散した界面活性剤３２の各分子は、界面活性剤３２の疎水基と微細気泡３１の疎水性を有する表面との相互作用により、微細気泡３１の表面に吸着する。これにより、洗浄液に含まれる界面活性剤３２は、微細気泡３１に吸着されて複合体３４を形成する。
Therefore, when the detergent including the aggregate 33 of the surfactant 32 that has been micellized is mixed with the fine bubble water containing the fine bubbles 31 having a particle diameter of 500 nm or less, the energy of the aggregate 33 is caused by the hydrophobic action of the surface of the fine bubbles 31. As shown in FIG. 10, the aggregated state 33 collapses and the molecules of the surfactant 32 are dispersed. Each molecule of the dispersed surfactant 32 is adsorbed on the surface of the fine bubble 31 by the interaction between the hydrophobic group of the surfactant 32 and the hydrophobic surface of the fine bubble 31. Thereby, the surfactant 32 contained in the cleaning liquid is adsorbed by the fine bubbles 31 to form a complex 34.
そして、図１１に示すように、界面活性剤３２と微細気泡３１との複合体３４は、微細気泡３１の浮力等によって洗浄液中の広範囲にわたって拡散される。このため、界面活性剤３２の各分子が、例えば繊維３５に付着した皮脂汚れ成分３６等に接触する確率が大幅に向上する。そして、図１２に示すように、界面活性剤３２と微細気泡３１との複合体３４が汚れ成分３６に近づくと、汚れ成分３６の表面の疎水作用によって界面活性剤３２と微細気泡３１とのエネルギー的安定性が崩れて、微細気泡３１の変形や破裂が生じる。すると、界面活性剤３２の各分子が分離して汚れ成分３６に吸着するとともに、微細気泡３１の破裂による衝撃等によって汚れ成分３６が繊維３５から浮き上がって剥がれ易くなる。
As shown in FIG. 11, the composite 34 of the surfactant 32 and the fine bubbles 31 is diffused over a wide range in the cleaning liquid by the buoyancy of the fine bubbles 31. For this reason, the probability that each molecule of the surfactant 32 comes into contact with, for example, the sebum soil component 36 attached to the fiber 35 is greatly improved. Then, as shown in FIG. 12, when the complex 34 of the surfactant 32 and the fine bubbles 31 approaches the dirt component 36, the energy of the surfactant 32 and the fine bubbles 31 is caused by the hydrophobic action of the surface of the dirt component 36. Stability is lost, and the microbubbles 31 are deformed or ruptured. Then, each molecule of the surfactant 32 is separated and adsorbed to the dirt component 36, and the dirt component 36 is easily lifted from the fiber 35 due to an impact caused by the bursting of the fine bubbles 31 and is easily peeled off.
この際、微細気泡３１の破裂の衝撃によって生じた汚れ成分３６と繊維３５との隙間に、界面活性剤３２が入り込み、汚れ成分３６の乳化を促進させる。そして、界面活性剤３２は、汚れ成分３６を取り込んで乳化させることで汚れ成分３６を繊維３５から引き剥がし、これにより洗浄能力を発揮する。このようにして、微細気泡３１は、界面活性剤３２の洗浄能力を引き出しているとされる。
At this time, the surfactant 32 enters the gap between the soil component 36 and the fiber 35 generated by the impact of the bursting of the fine bubbles 31 to promote emulsification of the soil component 36. Then, the surfactant 32 takes in the dirt component 36 and emulsifies it to peel off the dirt component 36 from the fiber 35, thereby exhibiting a cleaning ability. In this way, the fine bubbles 31 are said to draw out the cleaning ability of the surfactant 32.
本実施形態の洗浄方法は、例えば図１４に示すように、洗濯機４０に適用することができる。洗濯機４０は、外箱４１、トップカバー４２、水槽４３、回転槽４４、パルセータ４５、モータ４６、注水装置５０、及び微細気泡発生器１０を備えている。洗濯機４０は、回転槽４４の回転軸が鉛直方向を向いたいわゆる縦軸型の洗濯機である。なお、洗濯機は、縦軸型に限られず、回転槽の回転軸が水平又は後方へ向かって下降傾斜した横軸型いわゆるドラム式洗濯機であっても良い。
The cleaning method of the present embodiment can be applied to a washing machine 40 as shown in FIG. 14, for example. The washing machine 40 includes an outer box 41, a top cover 42, a water tank 43, a rotating tank 44, a pulsator 45, a motor 46, a water injection device 50, and a fine bubble generator 10. The washing machine 40 is a so-called vertical axis type washing machine in which the rotation axis of the rotating tub 44 is directed in the vertical direction. The washing machine is not limited to the vertical axis type, and may be a horizontal axis type so-called drum type washing machine in which the rotation axis of the rotating tub is inclined downward or horizontally.
注水装置５０は、外箱４１の上部にあってトップカバー４２の内部に設けられている。注水装置５０は、第１給水弁５１、第２給水弁５２、第３給水弁５３、接続口５４、注水ケース６０、及び微細気泡発生器１０を有している。すなわち、洗濯機４０において、微細気泡発生器１０は、注水装置５０の構成要素として注水装置５０に組み込まれている。
The water injection device 50 is provided in the upper part of the outer box 41 and inside the top cover 42. The water injection device 50 includes a first water supply valve 51, a second water supply valve 52, a third water supply valve 53, a connection port 54, a water injection case 60, and the fine bubble generator 10. That is, in the washing machine 40, the fine bubble generator 10 is incorporated in the water injection device 50 as a component of the water injection device 50.
接続口５４は、図示しないホースを介して水道の蛇口等の給水源に接続される。接続口５４の下流側は複数本に分岐して、各給水弁５１、５２、５３を介して注水ケース６０に接続されている。本実施形態の場合、接続口５４の下流側は３つに分岐し、各給水弁５１、５２、５３を介して注水ケース６０に接続されている。
The connection port 54 is connected to a water supply source such as a water tap through a hose (not shown). The downstream side of the connection port 54 branches into a plurality of pipes and is connected to the water injection case 60 via the water supply valves 51, 52, 53. In the case of this embodiment, the downstream side of the connection port 54 branches into three and is connected to the water injection case 60 through the water supply valves 51, 52, 53.
注水ケース６０は、接続口５４から供給された水を受けて、その受けた水を、注水口６１から水槽４３及び回転槽４４内へ注水する。注水ケース６０は、引き出し式の洗剤ケース６２及び柔軟剤ケース６３を有している。洗剤ケース６２には、洗剤が投入され、柔軟剤ケース６３には、柔軟剤が投入される。
The water injection case 60 receives water supplied from the connection port 54 and injects the received water from the water injection port 61 into the water tank 43 and the rotary tank 44. The water injection case 60 has a drawer type detergent case 62 and a softener case 63. A detergent is put into the detergent case 62, and a softener is put into the softener case 63.
この構成において、第１給水弁５１が開かれると、図示しない蛇口から接続口５４に供給された水道水は、微細気泡発生器１０を通過して微細気泡を含む微細気泡水となって、注水ケース６０内の洗剤ケース６２に供給される。そして、微細気泡発生器１０を通過して洗剤ケース６２内に供給された微細気泡水は、注水ケース６０の底部に流れ落ち、その後、注水口６１から水槽４３及び回転槽４４内へ注水される。このとき、洗剤ケース６２内に洗剤が収容されていれば、その洗剤は、洗剤ケース６２内に供給された微細気泡水に溶かされて、注水口６１から水槽４３及び回転槽４４内へ流し落とされる。
In this configuration, when the first water supply valve 51 is opened, tap water supplied from a faucet (not shown) to the connection port 54 passes through the fine bubble generator 10 to become fine bubble water containing fine bubbles, and water is injected. It is supplied to the detergent case 62 in the case 60. Then, the fine bubble water that has passed through the fine bubble generator 10 and is supplied into the detergent case 62 flows down to the bottom of the water injection case 60, and is then poured into the water tank 43 and the rotary tank 44 from the water injection port 61. At this time, if the detergent is stored in the detergent case 62, the detergent is dissolved in the fine bubble water supplied in the detergent case 62, and then poured down from the water inlet 61 into the water tank 43 and the rotating tank 44. It is.
同様に、第２給水弁５２が開かれると、図示しない蛇口から接続口５４に供給された水道水は、注水ケース６０内の洗剤ケース６２に供給される。そして、洗剤ケース６２内に供給された水道水は、注水ケース６０の底部に流れ落ち、その後、注水口６１から水槽４３及び回転槽４４内へ注水される。このとき、洗剤ケース６２内に洗剤が収容されていれば、その洗剤は、洗剤ケース６２内に供給された水道水に溶かされて、注水口６１から水槽４３及び回転槽４４内へ流し落とされる。
Similarly, when the second water supply valve 52 is opened, tap water supplied from a faucet (not shown) to the connection port 54 is supplied to the detergent case 62 in the water injection case 60. And the tap water supplied in the detergent case 62 flows down to the bottom part of the water injection case 60, and then is poured into the water tank 43 and the rotating tank 44 from the water injection port 61. At this time, if the detergent is contained in the detergent case 62, the detergent is dissolved in the tap water supplied in the detergent case 62 and is poured down from the water inlet 61 into the water tank 43 and the rotating tank 44. .
本実施形態では、第１給水弁５１を開くことで微細気泡発生器１０を通過して供給される微細気泡水と、第２給水弁５２を開くことで微細気泡発生器１０を通過せずに供給される水道水とは、注水ケース６０内又は水槽４３内で混合されて洗濯液となる。この場合、洗濯機４０は、第１給水弁５１と第２給水弁５２との開閉時間やタイミングを調整することで、洗濯液における微細気泡水と水道水との混合割合を調整することができる。これにより、洗濯液に含まれる微細気泡の濃度を任意に調整することができる。
In the present embodiment, the fine bubble water supplied through the fine bubble generator 10 by opening the first water supply valve 51 and the fine bubble generator 10 by passing the second water supply valve 52 are opened. The supplied tap water is mixed in the water injection case 60 or the water tank 43 to become a washing liquid. In this case, the washing machine 40 can adjust the mixing ratio of the fine bubble water and the tap water in the washing liquid by adjusting the opening / closing time and timing of the first water supply valve 51 and the second water supply valve 52. . Thereby, the density | concentration of the fine bubble contained in a washing liquid can be adjusted arbitrarily.
また、第３給水弁５３が開かれると、図示しない蛇口から接続口５４に供給された水道水は、注水ケース６０内の柔軟剤ケース６３に供給される。そして、柔軟剤ケース６３内に供給された水道水は、注水ケース６０の底部に流れ落ち、その後、注水口６１から水槽４３及び回転槽４４内へ注水される。このとき、柔軟剤ケース６３内に柔軟剤が収容されていれば、その柔軟剤は、柔軟剤ケース６３内に供給された水道水に溶かされて、注水口６１から水槽４３及び回転槽４４内へ流し落とされる。なお、第３給水弁５３の経路に、微細気泡発生器１０を更に設けても良い。
When the third water supply valve 53 is opened, the tap water supplied from the faucet (not shown) to the connection port 54 is supplied to the softener case 63 in the water injection case 60. And the tap water supplied in the softening agent case 63 flows down to the bottom part of the water injection case 60, and is poured into the water tank 43 and the rotation tank 44 from the water injection port 61 after that. At this time, if the softening agent is accommodated in the softening agent case 63, the softening agent is dissolved in the tap water supplied in the softening agent case 63, and enters the water tank 43 and the rotating tank 44 from the water inlet 61. Washed away. A fine bubble generator 10 may be further provided in the path of the third water supply valve 53.
そして、洗濯機４０は、水槽４３及び回転槽４４内に洗濯液を貯留した状態で、モータ４６を駆動させてパルセータ４５を回転させて回転槽４４内の洗濯物を攪拌することで、洗濯動作を行う。この場合、微細気泡発生器１０には、循環水ではなく水道水が印加されている。つまり、本実施形態において、洗濯液に用いる微細気泡水は、水道水を微細気泡発生器１０に１回通過させることで発生させたもの、つまりワンパスで発生させたものである。なお、微細気泡発生器１０は、洗濯機４０内で洗濯液を循環させる循環経路の途中に設けてられても良い。これによれば、洗濯液を微細気泡発生器１０に複数回通過させることで、洗濯液中の微細気泡の濃度を更に高めることができる。
And the washing machine 40 drives the motor 46 and rotates the pulsator 45 in a state where the washing liquid is stored in the water tub 43 and the rotating tub 44, thereby stirring the laundry in the rotating tub 44. I do. In this case, tap water is applied to the fine bubble generator 10 instead of circulating water. That is, in this embodiment, the fine bubble water used for the washing liquid is generated by passing tap water through the fine bubble generator 10 once, that is, generated in one pass. The fine bubble generator 10 may be provided in the middle of a circulation path for circulating the washing liquid in the washing machine 40. According to this, the density | concentration of the fine bubble in a washing | cleaning liquid can further be raised by allowing a washing liquid to pass through the fine bubble generator 10 in multiple times.
以上説明した実施形態による洗浄方法及び洗濯機４０によれば、粒子径５００ｎｍ以下の微細気泡が１ｍｌあたり１×１０＾５個以上含まれている微細気泡水と、洗剤等の界面活性剤と、を混合させた洗浄液によって洗浄対象を洗浄する。
According to the cleaning method and the washing machine 40 according to the embodiment described above, fine bubble water containing 1 × 10 ^ 5 or more fine bubbles having a particle diameter of 500 nm or less per ml, a surfactant such as a detergent, The object to be cleaned is cleaned with a cleaning solution mixed with.
これによれば、微細気泡の数及び粒子径を界面活性剤による洗浄に適したものにすることができる。これにより、微細気泡と界面活性剤との相互作用による効果を十分に引き出すことができ、その結果、微細気泡を含んでいない洗浄液で洗浄する場合に比べて、洗浄効率を向上させることができる。
According to this, the number of fine bubbles and the particle diameter can be made suitable for cleaning with a surfactant. Thereby, the effect by the interaction between the fine bubbles and the surfactant can be sufficiently obtained, and as a result, the cleaning efficiency can be improved as compared with the case of cleaning with the cleaning liquid not containing the fine bubbles.
微細気泡は、表面に負の電荷を帯びている。そして、微細気泡の粒子径つまり粒子径が小さくなるほど、微細気泡の表面の負電荷は大きくなるとされている。そのため、微細気泡は、粒子径が小さくなるほど界面活性剤を吸着し易くなり、その結果、界面活性剤との集合体を形成し易くなる。しかしながら、微細気泡の粒子径が小さくなると、微細気泡の表面積が小さくなるため、１つの微細気泡が吸着できる界面活性剤の量が少なくなる。
The fine bubbles are negatively charged on the surface. And it is supposed that the negative charge of the surface of a fine bubble becomes large, so that the particle diameter of a fine bubble, ie, a particle diameter, becomes small. Therefore, the fine bubbles are likely to adsorb the surfactant as the particle size becomes smaller, and as a result, it becomes easier to form an aggregate with the surfactant. However, when the particle size of the fine bubbles is reduced, the surface area of the fine bubbles is reduced, so that the amount of the surfactant that can adsorb one fine bubble is reduced.
これに対し、本実施形態の洗浄方法及び洗濯機４０に用いる微細気泡水は、粒子径５００ｎｍ以下の微細気泡の粒子径ごとの個数分布の最大ピークが粒子径１００ｎｍ±３０ｎｍの範囲内にある。これによれば、微細気泡の電気的特性による界面活性剤の吸着能力と、微細気泡のサイズによる界面活性剤の吸着量とを、適切な状態にすることができる。その結果、微細気泡と界面活性剤との相互作用による効果を更に効果的に引き出すことができる。
In contrast, in the fine bubble water used in the washing method and the washing machine 40 of the present embodiment, the maximum peak of the number distribution for each particle diameter of the fine bubbles having a particle diameter of 500 nm or less is in the range of the particle diameter of 100 nm ± 30 nm. According to this, the adsorption ability of the surfactant due to the electrical characteristics of the fine bubbles and the adsorption amount of the surfactant due to the size of the fine bubbles can be brought into an appropriate state. As a result, the effect of the interaction between the fine bubbles and the surfactant can be further effectively extracted.
また、本実施形態の洗浄方法及び洗濯機４０に用いる微細気泡水は、粒子径５００ｎｍ以下の微細気泡の数に占める粒子径１００ｎｍ±３０ｎｍの範囲内の微細気泡の数の割合が５０％以上となっている。これによっても、微細気泡の電気的特性による界面活性剤の吸着能力と、微細気泡のサイズによる界面活性剤の吸着量とを、更に適切な状態にすることができる。その結果、微細気泡と界面活性剤との相互作用による効果を更に効果的に引き出すことができる。
Moreover, the fine bubble water used for the washing | cleaning method of this embodiment and the washing machine 40 has the ratio of the number of the fine bubbles in the range of the particle diameter of 100 nm +/- 30nm to the number of fine bubbles with a particle diameter of 500 nm or less and 50% or more. It has become. This also makes it possible to make the surfactant adsorption capacity based on the electrical characteristics of the fine bubbles and the amount of the surfactant adsorbed depending on the size of the fine bubbles more appropriate. As a result, the effect of the interaction between the fine bubbles and the surfactant can be further effectively extracted.
また、実施形態による洗浄方法及び洗濯機４０に用いられる微細気泡水は、水道水を微細気泡発生器１０に１回通過させることで発生させたものである。これによれば、微細気泡発生器１０に水道水を複数回通過させて微細気泡水を生成するものに比べて、微細気泡水の供給時間を短くすることができる。その結果、洗浄時間を短縮することができる。
Further, the fine bubble water used in the washing method and the washing machine 40 according to the embodiment is generated by passing tap water through the fine bubble generator 10 once. According to this, supply time of fine bubble water can be shortened compared with what makes tap water pass through the fine bubble generator 10 several times, and produces | generates fine bubble water. As a result, the cleaning time can be shortened.
なお、上記実施形態の洗浄方法は、洗濯機４０に限られず、例えば食器洗浄機や便器にも適用することができる。
上記実施形態の洗浄方法を食器洗浄機に適用する場合、食器洗浄機は、例えば上述した微細気泡発生器１０を通して生成された微細気泡水を用いて、洗浄対象である食器を洗浄する。この場合、微細気泡発生器１０は、水道から食器洗浄機内に水道水を供給するための給水経路や、食器洗浄機内に給水された水を循環させる循環経路の途中に設ければ良い。これにより、食器洗浄機内に、微細気泡発生器１０を通って微細気泡を含んだ微細気泡水が供給される。そして、食器洗浄機内において、微細気泡水と食器用洗剤とが混合することで、上述したように、微細気泡と界面活性剤との相互作用による効果を効果的に引き出すことができる。 In addition, the washing | cleaning method of the said embodiment is not restricted to thewashing machine 40, For example, it can apply also to a dishwasher and a toilet bowl.
When the cleaning method of the above embodiment is applied to a dishwasher, the dishwasher cleans the dish to be cleaned using, for example, the fine bubble water generated through thefine bubble generator 10 described above. In this case, the fine bubble generator 10 may be provided in the middle of a water supply path for supplying tap water from the water supply into the dishwasher or a circulation path for circulating the water supplied into the dishwasher. Thereby, fine bubble water containing fine bubbles is supplied into the dishwasher through the fine bubble generator 10. Then, in the dishwasher, by mixing the fine bubble water and the detergent for the dish, as described above, the effect due to the interaction between the fine bubbles and the surfactant can be effectively extracted.
上記実施形態の洗浄方法を食器洗浄機に適用する場合、食器洗浄機は、例えば上述した微細気泡発生器１０を通して生成された微細気泡水を用いて、洗浄対象である食器を洗浄する。この場合、微細気泡発生器１０は、水道から食器洗浄機内に水道水を供給するための給水経路や、食器洗浄機内に給水された水を循環させる循環経路の途中に設ければ良い。これにより、食器洗浄機内に、微細気泡発生器１０を通って微細気泡を含んだ微細気泡水が供給される。そして、食器洗浄機内において、微細気泡水と食器用洗剤とが混合することで、上述したように、微細気泡と界面活性剤との相互作用による効果を効果的に引き出すことができる。 In addition, the washing | cleaning method of the said embodiment is not restricted to the
When the cleaning method of the above embodiment is applied to a dishwasher, the dishwasher cleans the dish to be cleaned using, for example, the fine bubble water generated through the
また、上記実施形態の洗浄方法を便器に適用する場合、便器は、例えば上述した微細気泡発生器１０を通して生成された微細気泡水を用いて、洗浄対象である便器内を洗浄する。この場合、微細気泡発生器１０は、水道から便器内に水道水を供給するための給水経路の途中に設ければ良い。これにより、便器内に、微細気泡発生器１０を通って微細気泡を含んだ微細気泡水が供給される。そして、便器内において、例えばユーザが便器内を掃除する際に便器内に投入した洗剤と、便器内に供給された微細気泡水とが混合することで、上述したように、微細気泡と界面活性剤との相互作用による効果を効果的に引き出すことができる。この場合、便器は、便器内に微細気泡水と共に洗剤を自動で供給する機構を備えていても良い。
Further, when the cleaning method of the above embodiment is applied to a toilet bowl, the toilet bowl uses, for example, the fine bubble water generated through the fine bubble generator 10 described above to wash the inside of the toilet bowl to be cleaned. In this case, the fine bubble generator 10 may be provided in the middle of a water supply path for supplying tap water from the water supply into the toilet bowl. Thereby, the fine bubble water containing the fine bubbles is supplied into the toilet bowl through the fine bubble generator 10. Then, in the toilet bowl, for example, the detergent introduced into the toilet bowl when the user cleans the toilet bowl and the fine bubble water supplied into the toilet bowl are mixed, and as described above, the fine bubbles and the surface activity are mixed. The effect due to the interaction with the agent can be effectively extracted. In this case, the toilet bowl may be provided with a mechanism for automatically supplying a detergent together with fine bubble water into the toilet bowl.
以上、本発明の一実施形態を説明したが、この実施形態は、例として提示したものであり、発明の範囲を限定することは意図していない。この新規な実施形態は、その他の様々な形態で実施されることが可能であり、発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で、種々の省略、置き換え、変更を行うことができる。この実施形態やその変形は、発明の範囲や要旨に含まれるとともに、特許請求の範囲に記載された発明とその均等の範囲に含まれる。
Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, this embodiment is presented as an example, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The novel embodiment can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. This embodiment and its modifications are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
- 粒子径５００ｎｍ以下の微細気泡が１ｍｌあたり１×１０＾５個以上含まれている微細気泡水と、界面活性剤と、を混合させた洗浄液によって洗浄対象を洗浄する洗浄方法。 A cleaning method for cleaning an object to be cleaned with a cleaning liquid in which 1 × 10 ^ 5 or more microbubbles having a particle diameter of 500 nm or less are contained per ml and a surfactant.
- 前記微細気泡水は、粒子径５００ｎｍ以下の微細気泡の直径ごとの個数分布の最大ピークが粒子径１００ｎｍ±３０ｎｍの範囲内にある、
請求項１に記載の洗浄方法。 In the fine bubble water, the maximum peak of the number distribution for each diameter of the fine bubbles having a particle diameter of 500 nm or less is in the range of a particle diameter of 100 nm ± 30 nm.
The cleaning method according to claim 1. - 前記微細気泡水は、粒子径５００ｎｍ以下の微細気泡の数に占める粒子径１００ｎｍ±３０ｎｍの範囲内の微細気泡の数の割合が５０％以上となっている、
請求項１に記載の洗浄方法。 In the fine bubble water, the ratio of the number of fine bubbles in the range of the particle diameter of 100 nm ± 30 nm to the number of fine bubbles having a particle diameter of 500 nm or less is 50% or more.
The cleaning method according to claim 1. - 前記微細気泡水は、水道水を微細気泡発生器に１回通過させることで発生させたものである、
請求項１に記載の洗浄方法。 The fine bubble water is generated by passing tap water once through a fine bubble generator,
The cleaning method according to claim 1. - 前記微細気泡水は、水道水を微細気泡発生器に１回通過させることで発生させたものである、
請求項２に記載の洗浄方法。 The fine bubble water is generated by passing tap water once through a fine bubble generator,
The cleaning method according to claim 2. - 前記微細気泡水は、水道水を微細気泡発生器に１回通過させることで発生させたものである、
請求項３に記載の洗浄方法。 The fine bubble water is generated by passing tap water once through a fine bubble generator,
The cleaning method according to claim 3. - 請求項１から６のいずれか一項に記載の洗浄方法を用いた洗濯機。 A washing machine using the cleaning method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
- 請求項１から６のいずれか一項に記載の洗浄方法を用いた食器洗浄機。 A dishwasher using the cleaning method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
- 請求項１から６のいずれか一項に記載の洗浄方法を用いた便器。 A toilet using the cleaning method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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