WO2018188884A1 - A phase change heat retaining material - Google Patents
A phase change heat retaining material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2018188884A1 WO2018188884A1 PCT/EP2018/056402 EP2018056402W WO2018188884A1 WO 2018188884 A1 WO2018188884 A1 WO 2018188884A1 EP 2018056402 W EP2018056402 W EP 2018056402W WO 2018188884 A1 WO2018188884 A1 WO 2018188884A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- phase change
- heat retaining
- change heat
- retaining material
- mixture
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/06—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to solid or vice versa
- C09K5/063—Materials absorbing or liberating heat during crystallisation; Heat storage materials
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a material that changes phase and thus that enables the heat received to be stored and retained.
- Phase change materials store latent heat occurring during the phase change.
- Phase change materials can be basically inorganic or organic.
- salt hydrates stand out thanks to their high heat storage capacity and low costs.
- said salt hydrates have certain disadvantages in terms of lifetime and performance.
- Phase change materials with different structures are selected according to the temperature range where said materials are desired to be used.
- Phase change materials that change materials above the room temperature are used in household appliances such as air conditioner, etc. It is required that the heat retained by the phase change material keep the current temperature for a long time, and phase change materials with high enthalpy can meet this condition.
- it is important in terms of user satisfaction that the phase change material has a high charge / discharge cycle, thus not requiring frequent replacement.
- PCMs since commercially-available PCMs have very high costs, they cannot be used as cost-effective products.
- the aim of the present invention is the realization of low-cost phase change materials with high performance and enthalpy and long lifetime that change phase above the room temperature and that can be used instead of high-cost phase change materials with low enthalpy that change phase in similar operating temperatures.
- phase change heat retaining material realized in order to attain the aim of the present invention and explicated in the claims is produced by adding various additives into a mixture of at least two salt hydrates in order to increase performance and prevent phase separation.
- a nucleating agent 1-10% by weight, a thickening agent 1-5% by weight and a reinforcing agent 0.5-5% by weight are added into the mixture of at least two salt hydrates 80-97.5% by weight.
- the enthalpy of the resulting phase change heat retaining material can be between 150 and 300 J/gr, which is higher than that of similar materials.
- sodium carbonate and sodium sulfate decahydrate as salt hydrate, a material that changes phase at temperatures between 25-40°C according to the ratio of the mixture is obtained.
- phase change heat retaining material of the present invention provides a long lifetime of 5-10 hours and can be produced cost-effectively thanks to the use of salt hydrates. While a performance increase of 10% or more is provided compared to similar materials, the production costs are also decrease by half at the least. Moreover, the test results show that the phase change material obtained with the formulation of the present invention can be used for 2000 cycles and at least more than twice as long than similar materials.
- the phase change heat retaining material can be used especially in portable air conditioners. Thus, energy efficiency of the appliance is increased.
- phase change heat retaining material of the present invention By means of the phase change heat retaining material of the present invention, product costs are decreased thanks to the use of inorganic salt hydrates, and a material with high enthalpy values and long lifetime is obtained with the additives and mixture ratios used.
- the phase change heat retaining material (1) of the present invention is produced by mixing at least two salt hydrates (2) 80-97.5% by weight with a nucleating agent (3) 1-10% by weight, a reinforcing agent (4) 0.5-5% by weight and a thickening agent (5) 1-5% by weight.
- the phase change heat retaining material (1) is obtained by mixing all the ingredients thereof and changes phase at temperatures between 25-40°C above the room temperature.
- sodium carbonate decahydrate (Na2CO3.10H2O) and sodium sulfate decahydrate (Na2SO4.10H2O) are used as the salt hydrates (2) in the phase change heat retaining material (1).
- Said salt hydrates (2) are preferred since they are easily accessible and cost efficient.
- said two salts with melting points between 25-40°C are determined, and in order to provide the mixture, salts with the same number of hydrates are selected.
- the ratio by weight of the salt hydrates (2) is determined such that sodium carbonate decahydrate is 5-70% by weight and sodium sulfate decahydrate is 95-30% by weight.
- nucleating agent (3) calcium sulfate dihydrate, potassium sulfate, disodium hydrogenphosphate dodecahydrate, sodium sulfate potassium borate or disodiumtetraborate decahydrate or a mixture of these materials is used.
- the nucleating agent (3) is selected in the same hydrate structure as the salts used.
- the thickening agent (5) silica, zeolite, calcite or hydrogel or a mixture of these materials is used. Since phase separation occurs due to the high hydrate content in the mixture while the salt hydrate (2) melts during the production of the phase change heat retaining material (1), the thickening agent (5) is used to solve this problem.
- the expansion volume can be controlled by changing the ratio (1-10%) of the thickening agent (5) and cross-linking density in the molecular structure thereof. In the embodiment where the calcite material with different particle sizes is used, it is observed that the calcite increases the performance of the phase change heat retaining material (1).
- the enthalpy values improve by about 15, and since the surface area increases and a better mixture can be obtained as the particle sizes decrease, the enthalpy values increase by 20%. Thus, the performance of the phase change heat retaining material (1) is increased.
- the reinforcing agent (4) carbon dust, aluminum or titanium dioxide or a mixture of these materials is used.
- the reinforcing agent (4) is used to reinforce the structure of the phase change heat retaining material (1) and to provide a better performance by increasing thermal conduction rate. With the addition of the reinforcing agent (4), the thermal performance of the phase change heat retaining material (1) is improved by 10-30%.
- the production method used for producing the phase change heat retaining material (1) of the present invention comprises the steps of
- phase change heat retaining material (1) of the present invention a phase change heat retaining material (1) that is low cost and that provides the same performance compared to the similar state-of-the-art materials is obtained.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a phase change heat retaining material (1) that changes phase above the room temperature and that provides long-term use.
Description
The present invention relates to a material that changes phase and thus that enables the heat received to be stored and retained.
Phase change materials (PCM) store latent heat occurring during the phase change. Phase change materials can be basically inorganic or organic. Among inorganic materials salt hydrates stand out thanks to their high heat storage capacity and low costs. However, said salt hydrates have certain disadvantages in terms of lifetime and performance. Phase change materials with different structures are selected according to the temperature range where said materials are desired to be used. Phase change materials that change materials above the room temperature are used in household appliances such as air conditioner, etc. It is required that the heat retained by the phase change material keep the current temperature for a long time, and phase change materials with high enthalpy can meet this condition. Moreover, it is important in terms of user satisfaction that the phase change material has a high charge / discharge cycle, thus not requiring frequent replacement. In the state of the art, since commercially-available PCMs have very high costs, they cannot be used as cost-effective products.
In the state of the art International Patent Application No. WO2015085761, additives that can be used in inorganic phase change heat retaining materials are disclosed.
The state of the art Chinese Patent Application No. CN104087254 discloses increasing the thermal conductivity of phase change heat retaining materials.
The aim of the present invention is the realization of low-cost phase change materials with high performance and enthalpy and long lifetime that change phase above the room temperature and that can be used instead of high-cost phase change materials with low enthalpy that change phase in similar operating temperatures.
The phase change heat retaining material realized in order to attain the aim of the present invention and explicated in the claims is produced by adding various additives into a mixture of at least two salt hydrates in order to increase performance and prevent phase separation. A nucleating agent 1-10% by weight, a thickening agent 1-5% by weight and a reinforcing agent 0.5-5% by weight are added into the mixture of at least two salt hydrates 80-97.5% by weight.
The enthalpy of the resulting phase change heat retaining material can be between 150 and 300 J/gr, which is higher than that of similar materials. By using sodium carbonate and sodium sulfate decahydrate as salt hydrate, a material that changes phase at temperatures between 25-40°C according to the ratio of the mixture is obtained.
The phase change heat retaining material of the present invention provides a long lifetime of 5-10 hours and can be produced cost-effectively thanks to the use of salt hydrates. While a performance increase of 10% or more is provided compared to similar materials, the production costs are also decrease by half at the least. Moreover, the test results show that the phase change material obtained with the formulation of the present invention can be used for 2000 cycles and at least more than twice as long than similar materials.
The phase change heat retaining material can be used especially in portable air conditioners. Thus, energy efficiency of the appliance is increased.
By means of the phase change heat retaining material of the present invention, product costs are decreased thanks to the use of inorganic salt hydrates, and a material with high enthalpy values and long lifetime is obtained with the additives and mixture ratios used.
The materials in the present invention are numbered as follows:
- Phase change heat retaining material
- Salt hydrate
- Nucleating agent
- Reinforcing agent
- Thickening agent
The phase change heat retaining material (1) of the present invention is produced by mixing at least two salt hydrates (2) 80-97.5% by weight with a nucleating agent (3) 1-10% by weight, a reinforcing agent (4) 0.5-5% by weight and a thickening agent (5) 1-5% by weight. The phase change heat retaining material (1) is obtained by mixing all the ingredients thereof and changes phase at temperatures between 25-40°C above the room temperature.
In an embodiment of the present invention, sodium carbonate decahydrate (Na2CO3.10H2O) and sodium sulfate decahydrate (Na2SO4.10H2O) are used as the salt hydrates (2) in the phase change heat retaining material (1). Said salt hydrates (2) are preferred since they are easily accessible and cost efficient. Moreover, in order to provide the required comfort zone in household appliances such as air conditioner, etc. where the phase change heat retaining material (1) is to be used, said two salts with melting points between 25-40°C are determined, and in order to provide the mixture, salts with the same number of hydrates are selected.
In a version of this embodiment, the ratio by weight of the salt hydrates (2) is determined such that sodium carbonate decahydrate is 5-70% by weight and sodium sulfate decahydrate is 95-30% by weight. By changing the mixing ratios of the salt hydrates (2), the phase changing temperature of the phase change heat retaining material (1) is determined.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as the nucleating agent (3), calcium sulfate dihydrate, potassium sulfate, disodium hydrogenphosphate dodecahydrate, sodium sulfate potassium borate or disodiumtetraborate decahydrate or a mixture of these materials is used. The nucleating agent (3) is selected in the same hydrate structure as the salts used.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as the thickening agent (5), silica, zeolite, calcite or hydrogel or a mixture of these materials is used. Since phase separation occurs due to the high hydrate content in the mixture while the salt hydrate (2) melts during the production of the phase change heat retaining material (1), the thickening agent (5) is used to solve this problem. The expansion volume can be controlled by changing the ratio (1-10%) of the thickening agent (5) and cross-linking density in the molecular structure thereof. In the embodiment where the calcite material with different particle sizes is used, it is observed that the calcite increases the performance of the phase change heat retaining material (1). With the addition of the calcite, the enthalpy values improve by about 15, and since the surface area increases and a better mixture can be obtained as the particle sizes decrease, the enthalpy values increase by 20%. Thus, the performance of the phase change heat retaining material (1) is increased.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as the reinforcing agent (4), carbon dust, aluminum or titanium dioxide or a mixture of these materials is used. The reinforcing agent (4) is used to reinforce the structure of the phase change heat retaining material (1) and to provide a better performance by increasing thermal conduction rate. With the addition of the reinforcing agent (4), the thermal performance of the phase change heat retaining material (1) is improved by 10-30%.
The production method used for producing the phase change heat retaining material (1) of the present invention comprises the steps of
- mixing the salt hydrate (2) mixture with the nucleating agent (3),
- mixing the mixture at 400-700 rpm at a temperature between 45-70°C for 2-5 hours,
- adding the reinforcing agent (4) and the thickening agent (5) when the mixture is molten.
By means of the phase change heat retaining material (1) of the present invention, a phase change heat retaining material (1) that is low cost and that provides the same performance compared to the similar state-of-the-art materials is obtained.
Claims (7)
- A phase change heat retaining material (1) characterized by comprising a mixture of at least two salt hydrates (2) 80-97.5% by weight, a nucleating agent (3) 1-10% by weight, a reinforcing agent (4) 0.5-5% by weight and a thickening agent (5) 1-5% by weight.
- A phase change heat retaining material (1) as in Claim 1, characterized in that sodium carbonate decahydrate (Na2CO3.10H2O) and sodium sulfate decahydrate (Na2SO4.10H2O) are used as the salt hydrates (2).
- A phase change heat retaining material (1) as in Claim 1 or 2, characterized by the salt hydrate (2) mixture comprising sodium carbonate decahydrate 5-70% by weight and sodium sulfate decahydrate 95-30% by weight.
- A phase change heat retaining material (1) as in any one of the above claims, characterized in that as the nucleating agent (3), calcium sulfate dihydrate, potassium sulfate, disodium hydrogenphosphate dodecahydrate, sodium sulphate potassium borate or disodiumtetraborate decahydrate or a mixture of these materials is used.
- A phase change heat retaining material (1) as in any one of the above claims, characterized in that as the thickening agent (5), silica, zeolite, calcite or hydrogel or a mixture of these materials is used.
- A phase change heat retaining material (1) as in any one of the above claims, characterized in that as the reinforcing agent (4), carbon dust, aluminum or titanium dioxide or a mixture of these materials is used.
- A production method used for producing the phase change heat retaining material (1) as in any one of the above claims, comprising the steps of- mixing the salt hydrate (2) mixture with the nucleating agent (3),- mixing the mixture at 400-700 rpm at a temperature between 45-70°C for 2-5 hours,- adding the reinforcing agent (4) and the thickening agent (5) when the mixture is molten.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TRA2017/05327 | 2017-04-11 | ||
| TR201705327 | 2017-04-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2018188884A1 true WO2018188884A1 (en) | 2018-10-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2018/056402 WO2018188884A1 (en) | 2017-04-11 | 2018-03-14 | A phase change heat retaining material |
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| WO (1) | WO2018188884A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114958309A (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2022-08-30 | 广州中健云康网络科技有限公司 | Phase-change material with phase-change temperature of 18-20 ℃ and preparation method thereof |
| US11970652B1 (en) | 2023-02-16 | 2024-04-30 | Microera Power Inc. | Thermal energy storage with actively tunable phase change materials |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4292189A (en) * | 1979-07-30 | 1981-09-29 | Pennwalt Corporation | Thermal energy storage composition comprising sodium sulfate decahydrate; sodium carbonate decahydrate; and sodium tetraborate decahydrate |
| US20090011171A1 (en) * | 2007-06-13 | 2009-01-08 | Alderman Robert J | Thermal Insulation with Thin Phase Change Layer |
| US20120048768A1 (en) * | 2009-02-11 | 2012-03-01 | Mathew Holloway | Phase change material composition |
| CN104087254A (en) | 2014-07-29 | 2014-10-08 | 江苏启能新能源材料有限公司 | High-heat-conductivity inorganic phase-change energy storage material |
| WO2015085761A1 (en) | 2013-12-12 | 2015-06-18 | 江苏启能新能源材料有限公司 | Phase change energy storage material |
-
2018
- 2018-03-14 WO PCT/EP2018/056402 patent/WO2018188884A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4292189A (en) * | 1979-07-30 | 1981-09-29 | Pennwalt Corporation | Thermal energy storage composition comprising sodium sulfate decahydrate; sodium carbonate decahydrate; and sodium tetraborate decahydrate |
| US20090011171A1 (en) * | 2007-06-13 | 2009-01-08 | Alderman Robert J | Thermal Insulation with Thin Phase Change Layer |
| US20120048768A1 (en) * | 2009-02-11 | 2012-03-01 | Mathew Holloway | Phase change material composition |
| WO2015085761A1 (en) | 2013-12-12 | 2015-06-18 | 江苏启能新能源材料有限公司 | Phase change energy storage material |
| CN104087254A (en) | 2014-07-29 | 2014-10-08 | 江苏启能新能源材料有限公司 | High-heat-conductivity inorganic phase-change energy storage material |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114958309A (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2022-08-30 | 广州中健云康网络科技有限公司 | Phase-change material with phase-change temperature of 18-20 ℃ and preparation method thereof |
| US11970652B1 (en) | 2023-02-16 | 2024-04-30 | Microera Power Inc. | Thermal energy storage with actively tunable phase change materials |
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