WO2018181605A1 - 和紙糸の編物又は織物を含む農園芸用資材 - Google Patents
和紙糸の編物又は織物を含む農園芸用資材 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018181605A1 WO2018181605A1 PCT/JP2018/013024 JP2018013024W WO2018181605A1 WO 2018181605 A1 WO2018181605 A1 WO 2018181605A1 JP 2018013024 W JP2018013024 W JP 2018013024W WO 2018181605 A1 WO2018181605 A1 WO 2018181605A1
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- japanese paper
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- paper yarn
- knitted
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
- G21F9/06—Processing
- G21F9/12—Processing by absorption; by adsorption; by ion-exchange
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an agricultural and horticultural material, and more particularly to an agricultural and horticultural material that includes a knitted fabric or woven fabric of Japanese paper yarn and exhibits effects specific to Japanese paper yarn in addition to being biodegradable.
- Agricultural and horticultural materials are various materials used for agriculture or home gardening, for example, a multi-sheet used to cover the soil to prevent the soil from drying and suppress the growth of weeds, and There are nets that cover fruits and vegetables to protect them from pests.
- biodegradable materials have been used as the agricultural and horticultural materials.
- a multi-sheet a multi-sheet made of paper such as kraft paper or Japanese paper is known.
- paper does not have the elasticity like a polyethylene sheet that has been widely used in the past, and is difficult to stretch by a machine.
- Patent Document 1 an oil composition containing a drying oil, a semi-drying oil and a wax is applied to paper so that the paper can be spread.
- Patent Document 1 the application of the oil and fat composition is not only troublesome, but also cannot take advantage of the hygroscopicity and moisture retention, which are good paper.
- Patent Document 2 a purification material comprising a knitted or woven fabric of Japanese paper yarn.
- a knitted or woven fabric of Japanese paper yarn not only has excellent stretchability and durability compared to raw Japanese paper, but also has a purifying ability that exceeds that of raw Japanese paper.
- JP 2008-066733 A Japanese Patent No. 5748250
- the knitted fabric or woven fabric of Japanese paper yarn not only has excellent stretchability as compared with paper agricultural and horticultural materials, but also conventional agricultural and horticultural materials.
- the present invention has been completed by finding that it has an effect peculiar to Japanese paper yarn that is not seen in Japanese paper.
- the present invention is an agricultural and horticultural material containing a knitted or woven fabric of Japanese paper yarn.
- the agricultural and horticultural material may further include at least one selected from a colorant and an adsorbent held on or in a Japanese paper yarn knitted fabric or woven fabric.
- at least one selected from the colorant and the adsorbent is a bitumen pigment.
- the agricultural and horticultural materials are useful as multi-sheets, nets, hydroponic base materials, seeder tapes, packaging materials, packaging materials, or decontamination sheets.
- the agricultural and horticultural material includes a Japanese paper yarn knitted fabric, and the knitted fabric is a knitted knitted fabric.
- the material for agricultural and horticultural use according to the present invention is superior in stretchability and durability compared to paper because it contains a Japanese paper yarn twisted or woven into a yarn by twisting Japanese paper.
- chemical substances such as chlorine and radioactive substances can be removed from the water by the purifying ability of the Japanese paper thread.
- the agricultural and horticultural materials are biodegradable, they can be poured into the soil after harvesting, and the labor and cost for collection can be reduced.
- crops are cultivated by covering the soil with the agricultural and horticultural materials, in addition to the effect of concentrating the nutrients of the crops, the richness and resistance to soil diseases by increasing the diversity and activity value of soil microorganisms, is unlikely to cause continuous cropping disorders The improvement effect to the soil is recognized.
- an effect of decreasing the number of general bacteria (viable cell count) contained in the cultivated plant and increasing the vitamin content is recognized.
- FIGS. 1a to 1e are photographs replaced with drawings showing a state of a test in which a crop was cultivated using a multi-sheet made of knitted paper yarn of the present invention in a field.
- FIG. 1a is a photograph of a test in which blue daisy was cultivated from October to December 2015 in a field in Yamaguchi Prefecture.
- FIG. 1b is a photograph of a test in which an anchusa drop mower was grown at the same time in a field in Yamaguchi Prefecture.
- FIG. 1c is a photograph of a test in which green soybeans were cultivated from May to August 2015 in a field in Niigata Prefecture.
- FIG. 1a is a photograph of a test in which blue daisy was cultivated from October to December 2015 in a field in Yamaguchi Prefecture.
- FIG. 1b is a photograph of a test in which an anchusa drop mower was grown at the same time in a field in Yamaguchi Prefecture.
- FIG. 1d is a photograph of a test in which Shishito was cultivated in May to August 2015 in a field in Niigata Prefecture.
- FIG. 1e is a photograph of a test in which Komatsuna was grown from August to December 2016 in a field in Ibaraki Prefecture.
- Fig. 1f shows the variety of microorganisms in the soil when the soil in the planter was covered with the multi-sheet made of Japanese paper yarn knitting of the present invention for a predetermined period from October to December 2016 in a greenhouse in Niigata Prefecture. It is the photograph of the test which investigated sex and activity.
- FIG. 2a is a photograph replacing a drawing showing the biodegradation state of the multi-sheets on the 53rd day from the start of cultivation of green soybeans using the multi-sheet made of knitted paper yarn of the present invention.
- FIG. 2b is an enlarged photograph of a portion of FIG. 2a.
- 3a to 3d are photographs replaced with drawings immediately after germination of various crops when the knitted fabric of Japanese paper yarn of the present invention is used as a substrate for hydroponics.
- FIG. 3a is a photograph of red mustard (left) and green romaine (right) seeds sown on the same substrate.
- FIG. 3b (left: red mustard, right: green romaine) is a photograph when the seeds shown in FIG. 3a germinate.
- FIG. 3c is a photograph of red mustard at harvest after 25 days of sowing.
- FIG. 3d is a photograph of green romaine at harvest after 25 days of sowing.
- Washi is composed of fibers obtained from plant materials.
- a Japanese paper thread is formed by slitting a Japanese paper thinly and twisting it.
- the agricultural and horticultural material of the present invention is mainly composed of a knitted or woven fabric of Japanese paper yarn. Either a knitted fabric or a woven fabric may be used, but a woven fabric is preferable in terms of cost, and a knitted fabric is preferable for applications that require stretchability and durability.
- pulp obtained from straw, honey, Manila hemp, mulberry, husk, bamboo, etc. can be used.
- Manila hemp is preferred.
- Manila hemp lives in the Philippines, Indonesia, Ecuador, etc., and digests fiber from its veins to make pulp.
- Japanese paper After beating the obtained pulp and adjusting it by adding various processing agents as necessary, it is made into wet paper with a machine or by hand.
- the obtained wet paper is pressed to dehydrate and then dried to make Japanese paper.
- Japanese paper preferably has a weight per square meter of 10 to 18 g, more preferably 10 to 14 g.
- the obtained Japanese paper is slit to a width of 1 to 5 mm, and the obtained Japanese paper strip is wound up.
- the slit width can be changed according to the count of the Japanese paper thread. For example, to make a Japanese paper thread of 180-220 dtex, it is about 1.3-1.7 mm wide, 230-350 dtex is about 1.8-2.2 mm wide, and a thick thread over 360 dtex is 3.0 mm wide. Slit. Preferably, slitting is performed with a width of 1.5 to 2.0 mm.
- a Japanese paper strip is twisted dry to form a thread.
- the twist direction may be any of right-handed twist, left-handed twist, or a combination thereof.
- it is twisted back in the direction of 500 to 800 T / m, and twisted again in the + direction to 700 to 1000 T / m.
- the Japanese paper yarn obtained as described above is made from a slit having a width of 1.5 to 2.0 mm, for example, 100 to 300 dtex, preferably 180 to 240 dtex, a tensile strength of 180 to 300 gf, and an elongation of 6. 0-8.0%.
- weaving methods such as plain weaving, oblique weaving, satin weaving, etc. according to the number of yarns used, as well as materials, such as gold weaving, voile, gauze, etc., which are typical cotton weaving methods, are used.
- materials such as gold weaving, voile, gauze, etc., which are typical cotton weaving methods.
- the weaving method of the Japanese paper thread may be any of these various weaving methods.
- the total number of warp yarns per inch (A) and weft yarns (B) (A + B) is 19.7 / cm (50 (inch / inch)) to 39.4 / cm (100 (inch / inch). )).
- warp knitting which is knitted in the vertical direction such as lace knitting, raschel knitting, tricot knitting, bandai knitting knitting, flat knitting, flat knitting, rubber knitting, tube knitting, tengu knitting, Kanoko knitting, milling knitting, jacquard knitting
- any knitting method may be used depending on the application.
- various machines such as a vertical knitting machine, a flat knitting machine, a circular knitting machine, and a Russell knitting machine may be used. Kanoko knitting is preferred for applications that require elasticity, such as multi-sheets.
- the number of gauges of the knitted fabric that is, the number of eyes per 10 cm, according to the cultivation target.
- it is preferably 5 to 14, more preferably 8 to 12, and most preferably 10 to 12.
- Japanese paper yarn knitted fabric or fabric may be stained with machine oil, etc., wash it with water and dry it.
- Japanese paper yarn knitted or woven fabric may be colored.
- the soil heat-retaining effect of the multi-sheet can be enhanced by coloring in black.
- Coloring can be performed by impregnating a woven or woven fabric of Japanese paper yarn with a liquid containing a dye or a pigment, or printing on a knitted fabric or woven fabric of Japanese paper yarn.
- a woven or woven fabric of Japanese paper yarn is impregnated or printed with a pigment ink formed by dispersing a carbon-based, iron oxide-based or cobalt oxide-based black pigment such as carbon black in a medium. That's fine.
- you may color raw material Japanese paper or a Japanese paper thread before using it as the knitted fabric or textile fabric of a Japanese paper thread.
- Prussian blue a kind of pigment, is a hexacyanoiron (II) ([Fe (CN) 6 ] 4 ⁇ ) salt, and an adsorbent for cesium 137 (137Cs), which is one of the radioactive isotopes of cesium. It is known to act as. Washi yarn knitted fabrics or fabrics themselves can adsorb 137Cs, but as shown in the examples described later, impregnating them with a bitumen dispersion and coloring them makes 137Cs faster and stronger. Can be adsorbed. At present, soil removed for decontamination purposes is piled up in an intermediate storage facility.
- 137Cs is adsorbed on a sheet of Japanese paper thread colored with bitumen and then recovered together with the soil, the sheet will be soiled. Does not increase the amount of contaminated soil.
- an adsorbent may be supported on or in a Japanese paper thread knitted fabric or woven fabric for the purpose of removing heavy metals, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and the like.
- the adsorbent include zeolite and activated carbon.
- the bitumen is a pigment as well as an adsorbent.
- the zeolite may be any zeolite such as hydrogen-type zeolite, sodium-type zeolite, and potassium-type zeolite.
- the activated carbon may be any of powdered coal, crushed coal and granulated coal made from coconut shell charcoal, coal, and charcoal.
- the loading can be performed by immersing a knitted or woven fabric of Japanese paper yarn in a dispersion liquid of zeolite or the like and then drying.
- Examples of agricultural and horticultural materials include multi-sheets, nets, hydroponic base materials, seeder tapes, packaging materials, packing materials, and decontamination sheets for agriculture or home gardening.
- the multi-sheet is used by being laid on the soil surface for improving the biological properties of the soil, moisturizing, keeping warm, and suppressing weed growth.
- Japanese paper yarn knitted fabrics or fabrics are not as stretched as polyethylene, but can be stretched with a special attachment attached to a machine that is currently used to stretch polyethylene multi-sheets. Further, when the multi-sheet is used, the effect of soil improvement can be obtained.
- the net covers crops for light shielding and insect repellent, and the knitted or woven fabric of Japanese paper yarn not only shields light and insects but also has excellent breathability and antibacterial properties.
- the substrate for hydroponics is a substrate for sowing and growing plants in hydroponics.
- the cedar tape is a string-like tape in which seeds are enclosed at regular intervals, and a knitted or woven fabric of Japanese paper yarn is biodegradable, so that it can be sown in soil as it is.
- Packaging materials and packaging materials are used to wrap and transport or store crops.
- Washi yarn has high hygroscopicity and antibacterial properties, so it is suitable for wrapping leaves that are easily damaged when stored in a wet state, such as ginger, shiitake mushrooms, lettuce, etc., without being spoiled.
- the decontamination sheet is a sheet for decontamination of soil, reservoirs, etc., for example, radioactive cesium contained in the water in the ground by covering the farmland with the sheet or pouring the sheet into the farmland Can be adsorbed and removed.
- Example 1 Multi-sheet for agriculture and horticulture
- Test 1 A variety of crops are cultivated in the field using Japanese paper knitted agricultural multi-sheets (Example 1) or polyethylene agricultural multi-sheets (Comparative Example 1). Content and biodegradability were compared.
- Test 1 a polyethylene agricultural multi-sheet (black, thickness 0.02 mm) was used for comparison.
- Fig. 1a shows a blue daisy from October to December 2015 in a field in Yamaguchi Prefecture
- Fig. 1b shows an anchusa dropmore in the same period
- Fig. 1c shows a field in Niigata Prefecture from May 2015.
- Fig. 1d is a photograph of a test in which green soybeans were cultivated in August and shishito was cultivated at the same time in the same field.
- each crop type shown in Table 1 was cultivated using each multi-sheet of Example 1 or Comparative Example 1 for each field.
- Total chlorophyll (mg / 100 g) C ⁇ (1/10) ⁇ dilution rate ⁇ 100 / S
- C (total chlorophyll mg / L) 7.12 ⁇ A2 + 16.8 ⁇
- A1 Absorbance at a wavelength of 642.5 nm
- A2 Absorbance at a wavelength of 660 nm
- S Amount of sample collected (g) 1/10: Coefficient for unit conversion from mg / kg to mg / 100g
- the amount of chlorophyll per unit weight of the crop cultivated using the multi-sheet of Example 1 was about 40% higher than that of the crop cultivated using the multi-sheet of Comparative Example 1. It was. From this, it can be said that the multi-sheet of Example 1 has the effect
- FIG. 2a is a photograph 53 days after the start of cultivation of the multi-sheet of Example 1 used for cultivation of green soybeans
- FIG. 2b is a partial enlarged photograph of FIG. 2a. After 53 days, the multi-sheet of Example 1 remained only about 10% of the initial area. On the other hand, the multi-sheet of Comparative Example 1 maintained the initial area.
- Test 2 The microbial diversity and activity values of the soil when the crop was cultivated using the multi-sheet prepared by the same method as in Example 1 and the soil when the crop was cultivated without using the multi-sheet were compared.
- ⁇ Test method> As shown in FIG. 1e, in a field in Ibaraki Prefecture, a multi-sheet made of Japanese paper yarn knitting similar to that used in Example 1 was used from August to December 2016, or a multi-sheet was not used as a comparison. Komatsuna was cultivated. Cultivation was carried out without fertilization and without agricultural chemicals. Immediately before the start of cultivation ("Initial" in the table), the soil is 5 to 10 cm deep from the soil surface, and 100 days after the start of cultivation, it is 5 to 10 cm deep from the surface (necessary for the growth of a plant called soil-producing layer) The soil of the soil layer (uptake of nutrients) was sampled. Also, as shown in Fig.
- Microorganism search identification was performed using a micro station ID system (Central Science Trade Co., Ltd.). The system inoculates a microplate containing 95 different carbon sources with a suspension of sample soil and measures how the carbon source is decomposed by color development. The color development state was measured after 48 hours while maintaining the predetermined temperature. The larger the value, the higher the soil microbial diversity and activity. The results are shown in Table 2.
- the soil surface layer of 5-10cm is called the cropping layer and is the most important soil that the crop absorbs nutrients from the roots.
- the soil microbial diversity and activity value of this soil layer increased compared to before the test, It shows that the effect of fertilizing a good quality organic fertilizer was obtained by the soil covering of the Japanese paper yarn knitted sheet, and the biological properties of the soil were greatly improved. Improvement of soil biological property contributes to decomposition of various organic substances by various microorganisms, generation of aggregate structure, improvement of fertilizer retention capacity, and reduction of soil diseases.
- Example 2 Comparative Example 2: Hydroponic substrate
- a Japanese paper yarn knitted fabric prepared by the same method as in Example 1 is spread on the bottom of a plastic container for hydroponics, matted to add water and moistened.
- red mustard ( (Left) Green romaine (right) seeds were sown and stored at room temperature. Six days later, good germination was confirmed as shown in FIG. 3b (left: red mustard, right: green romaine).
- FIG. 3c is a photograph of red mustard at harvesting 25 days after sowing
- FIG. 3d is a photograph of green romaine.
- Comparative Example 2 the same cultivation was performed using a conventional urethane mat.
- Vitamin A contained in the obtained green romaine and the general bacterial count (viable count) were analyzed by the methods shown below. The results are shown in Table 3.
- Vitamin A High-performance liquid chromatographic method Add sodium chloride solution, hexane, 2-propanol and ethyl acetate to a saponified solution by adding a predetermined amount of sodium chloride solution, pyrogallol, ethanol and potassium hydroxide to the sample.
- Example 3 Comparative Example 3: Decontamination sheet
- a Japanese paper yarn knitted fabric produced by the same method as in Example 1 was immersed in a solution in which 5% (w / v) bitumen was dispersed in 100 L of warm water at 80 to 90 ° C. for 60 minutes, and then washed with water. It was naturally dried outdoors and colored (Example 4).
- An uncolored Japanese paper yarn knitted fabric (Example 3) of 10 cm ⁇ 14 cm, a Japanese paper yarn knitted fabric (Example 4) colored by the above-mentioned method, and cotton (Comparative Example 3) colored by the same method were charged with 137 Cs.
- Example 3 the Japanese paper yarn knitted fabric was able to remove about 25% of 137Cs by itself, but by coloring with bitumen (Example 4), almost all of 137Cs was quickly removed. could be removed. This removal effect was significant even compared to colored cotton (Comparative Example 3).
- Agricultural and horticultural materials comprising a knitted or woven fabric of Japanese paper yarn of the present invention, soil enrichment by improving soil microbial diversity and activity, biodegradability, moisture retention, heat retention, etc. It is an excellent material for agricultural and horticultural use that contributes to a significant reduction in the number of general bacteria (viable bacteria count) and has an effect specific to Japanese paper thread.
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Abstract
Description
[実施例1、比較例1:農園芸用マルチシート]
(試験1)
圃場にて様々な作物を和紙糸の編物製農業用マルチシート(実施例1)、又はポリエチレン製農業用マルチシート(比較例1)を使用して栽培し、作物の生育状態、作物中のクロロフィルの含有量、生分解性を比較した。
マニラ麻を原料とする和紙を2.0mm幅にスリットし、乾式で3回(+600、-800、+1000T/m)撚りを行い、240dtexの和紙糸を作った。これを、鹿の子編した後、水洗後に乾燥して、ゲージ10の編物を作った。
試験1では、比較用にポリエチレン製農業用マルチシート(黒色、厚さ0.02mm)を用いた。
図1a~cに示すように、圃場において、無施肥及び無農薬で、実施例1のマルチシート及び比較例1のポリエチレン製マルチシートを用いて作物を栽培した。図1aは、山口県の圃場にて2015年10月~12月にブルーデイジーを、図1bは同圃場で同時期にアンチューサドロップモアを、図1cは新潟県の圃場にて2015年5月~8月に枝豆を、図1dは同圃場にて同時期にシシトウを夫々栽培した試験の写真である。その他、表1に示す各作物種を各圃場にして実施例1又は比較例1のマルチシートを用いて栽培した。
”Official Methods of Analysis”,942.04(2005)記載の方法に従い、作物中の総クロロフィルを測定した。収穫直後の各作物試料にアセトンを加えてクロロフィルを抽出した後、エーテルに転溶して検液とした。該検液の、波長660nm、及び642.5nmの吸光度を用いて、下記のComar&Zschelieの式にてクロロフィルaとbの合計を求めた。結果を表1に示す。
総クロロフィル(mg/100g)=C×(1/10)×希釈率×100/S
C(総クロロフィル mg/L)=7.12×A2+16.8×A1
A1:波長642.5nmにおける吸光度
A2:波長660nmにおける吸光度
S:試料採取量(g)
1/10:mg/kgからmg/100gへの単位変換のための係数
目視にてマルチシートの生分解性を調べた。図2aは、枝豆の栽培に用いた実施例1のマルチシートの栽培開始から53日後の写真であり、図2bは図2aの一部の拡大写真である。53日後に、実施例1のマルチシートは初期の面積の約10%程度しか残留していなかった。一方、比較例1のマルチシートは、初期の面積を維持していた。
実施例1と同様の方法で作成したマルチシートを用いて作物を栽培したときの土壌と、マルチシートを用いずに作物を栽培したときの土壌の、微生物多様性及び活性値を比較した。
図1eに示すように、茨城県の圃場において、2016年8月~12月に、実施例1で用いたものと同様の和紙糸編物製マルチシートを用いて、又は比較としてマルチシートを用いずに、小松菜を栽培した。栽培は無施肥及び無農薬で実施した。栽培開始直前(表中、「初期」)に、土壌表面から5~10cm深さの土壌、及び栽培開始100日後に、表層から5~10cm深さ(作土層と呼ばれる植物の生育に必要な栄養分を吸い上げる土壌層)の土壌をサンプリングした。
また、図1fに示すように、新潟県のビニールハウスにおいて、2016年10月~12月に、プランター内に培土(市販の自然乾燥赤玉土10.6リットル。)を敷き、施肥(甘糖くん、株式会社関東農産製)、及び無農薬で、実施例1で用いたものと同様の和紙糸編物製マルチシートで培土を覆い、又は比較としてマルチシートで覆うこと無く、培土内の土壌微生物多様性・活性値の変化を実験検証した。実験開始直前に、土壌表面から5~10cm深さの土壌、及び試験開始64日後に、表層から5~10cm深さの土壌をサンプリングした。
さらに、無施肥としたことを除き上記と同様に、試験開始前に、土壌表面から5~10cm深さの土壌、及び栽培開始36日後に、表層から5~10cm深さの土壌をサンプリングした。
マイクロステーションIDシステム(株式会社 セントラル科学貿易)を用いて微生物検索同定を行った。該システムは、95種類の異なる炭素源が入ったマイクロプレートに、サンプル土壌の懸濁液を接種し、炭素源の分解のされ方を発色により測定するものである。所定の温度に保ち、48時間後の発色状態を測定した。数値が大きいほど、土壌微生物多様性・活性が高いことを示す。結果を表2に示す。
実施例1と同様の方法で調製した和紙糸編物を、水耕栽培用プラスチック容器の底部に敷いてマット状にして水を加えて湿らせ、図3aに示すように、その上にレッドマスタード(左)、グリーンロメイン(右)の種子を蒔いて、室温で保存した。6日後、図3b(左:レッドマスタード、右:グリーンロメイン)に示すとおり、良好な発芽を確認した。図3cは播種25日後、収穫時のレッドマスタードの写真であり、図3dはグリーンロメインの写真である。比較例2として、慣用のウレタンマットを用いて同様の栽培を行った。
得られたグリーンロメインに含まれるビタミンA、及び、一般細菌数(生菌数)を下記に示す方法で夫々分析した。結果を表3に示す。
(1)ビタミンA:高速液体クロマトグラフ法
試料に所定量の塩化ナトリウム溶液、ピロガロール、エタノール、及び水酸化カリウムを加えてけん化した液に塩化ナトリウム溶液、ヘキサン、2-プロパノール及び酢酸エチルを加えて振とう抽出した後、遠心分離して上層を分取した後、溶媒を留去しエタノールを所定量添加した後、紫外可視吸光光度計を検出器として用い、高速液体クロマトグラフにより定量した。
(2)一般細菌数(生菌数)
試料にSCDLP培地を加えた後、希釈液を加えて試料液を調製し(10倍段階希釈試料液)、試料液とSCDLP寒天培地から混釈平板を調製して培養(30±1℃、3日間)し、出現集落を計測して、生菌数を算定した。
和紙糸編物を用いることによる水耕栽培用の水に対する影響を調べるため、水中の遊離塩素の濃度を測定した。水耕栽培に用いた水道水(流水)を1L採取し、塩素濃度を測定した。同水道水を、和紙糸編物(15cm×15cm)を透過させ10mlを採取し比色法(ジエチル-p-フェニレンジアミン法)により30日間、毎日の塩素濃度を各枚数について測定し、その平均値を求めた。結果を表4に示す。
実施例1と同様の方法で作成した和紙糸編物を、5%(w/v)の紺青を100Lの80~90℃の温水中に分散させた液中に60分浸漬した後、水洗いし、屋外において自然乾燥して、着色した(実施例4)。10cm×14cmの、着色していない和紙糸編物(実施例3)と、上記方法で着色した和紙糸編物(実施例4)、及び同様の方法で着色した綿(比較例3)を、137Csを含む水溶液1000mL中に所定時間、浸漬した後に水を採取し、ゲルマニウム半導体検出器(ORTE社製、GEM-35)を用いて放射能を測定した。結果を表5に示す。表5において「ブランク」は137Csを含む水溶液である。
Claims (5)
- 和紙糸の編物又は織物を含む農園芸用資材。
- 該和紙糸の編物又は織物上又は中に保持された、着色剤及び吸着剤から選ばれる少なくとも一種をさらに含む、請求項1記載の農園芸用資材。
- 該着色剤及び吸着剤から選ばれる少なくとも一種が、紺青顔料である、請求項2記載の農園芸用資材。
- 該農園芸用資材がマルチシート、ネット、水耕用基材、シーダーテープ、包装材、梱包材、又は除染用シートである、請求項1~3のいずれか1項記載の農園芸用資材。
- 該農園芸用資材が、和紙糸の編物を含み、該和紙糸の編物が鹿の子編されたものである、請求項1~4のいずれか1項記載の農園芸用資材。
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