WO2018177127A1 - 信息处理方法、设备及存储介质 - Google Patents

信息处理方法、设备及存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018177127A1
WO2018177127A1 PCT/CN2018/079110 CN2018079110W WO2018177127A1 WO 2018177127 A1 WO2018177127 A1 WO 2018177127A1 CN 2018079110 W CN2018079110 W CN 2018079110W WO 2018177127 A1 WO2018177127 A1 WO 2018177127A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
area
dimensional code
image
region
strip
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PCT/CN2018/079110
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
许典平
林榆耿
冉辰
李晶晶
陈浩
王泓扬
翁乐腾
方晓斌
Original Assignee
腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司
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Application filed by 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 filed Critical 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司
Publication of WO2018177127A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018177127A1/zh
Priority to US16/515,188 priority Critical patent/US11003969B2/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/06009—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code with optically detectable marking
    • G06K19/06037—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code with optically detectable marking multi-dimensional coding
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/06009—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code with optically detectable marking
    • G06K19/06046—Constructional details
    • G06K19/06103—Constructional details the marking being embedded in a human recognizable image, e.g. a company logo with an embedded two-dimensional code
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/06009—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code with optically detectable marking
    • G06K19/06046—Constructional details
    • G06K19/06168—Constructional details the marking being a concentric barcode

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of information processing, and in particular, to an information processing method, device, and storage medium.
  • a coding method widely used on mobile devices is a two-dimensional code, which uses a certain geometric pattern to record data symbol information in a black and white pattern distributed in a plane (ie, two-dimensional direction) according to a certain rule. .
  • QR codes can store more information and represent more data types.
  • the application provides an information processing method, device and storage medium to improve the recognition efficiency of the two-dimensional code.
  • a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides an information processing method, including:
  • At least one symbol for storing data information is set in the encoding area.
  • a second aspect of embodiments of the present invention provides an information processing apparatus including a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the processor, and when the instruction is executed, the processor is configured to:
  • At least one symbol for storing data information is set in the encoding area.
  • a computer readable storage medium storing computer readable instructions for causing at least one processor to perform the method as described above is provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a two-dimensional code according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of a two-dimensional code according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a padding path of a coding region of a two-dimensional code according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a two-dimensional code according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a symbol arrangement form of a two-dimensional code according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of parameters of a two-dimensional code according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a two-dimensional code according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flowchart diagram of an information processing method according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an information processing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an information processing device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the image may for example be a user-defined avatar or logo (LOGO).
  • LogO logo
  • 1 is a diagram showing an example of a two-dimensional code in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the user's avatar 101 is inserted in the middle area of the two-dimensional code 102, and some expansion patterns 103 are added to the periphery of the two-dimensional code 102.
  • the two-dimensional code is arranged in a two-dimensional rectangular area and is spliced by a plurality of small basic units.
  • This small basic unit is called a symbol of a two-dimensional code.
  • a symbol is a basic unit for forming a two-dimensional code, and a two-dimensional code is generally formed by splicing (or aggregating) a plurality of symbols.
  • the symbol shape may be a square and colored in black and white, but it should be noted that the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • the shape of the symbol can be a square, a circle, a rounded square, or a combination of the above shapes.
  • the color of the symbol can be, for example, a combination of black and white, where black represents a binary one and white represents a binary zero.
  • the color of the symbol may be a combination of red and white, red indicates a binary one, and white indicates a binary zero.
  • the two-dimensional code can also adopt other color combinations as long as the color combination can be recognized and distinguished by the machine.
  • the two-dimensional code can correspond to multiple versions, and the number of symbols corresponding to different versions of the two-dimensional code is different. Therefore, the information capacity of different versions of the QR code is also different.
  • the version 2 two-dimensional code contains 21 x 21 symbols
  • the version 2 two-dimensional code contains 25 x 25 symbols
  • the version 40 two-dimensional code contains 177 x 177 symbols. The higher the version, the more symbols the QR code contains, and the more information the QR code can hold.
  • the two-dimensional code 200 includes a positioning pattern 201 (or a position detection pattern).
  • the positioning pattern 201 can be used to determine the direction of the two-dimensional code 200.
  • the two-dimensional code 200 includes three positioning patterns 201, which are respectively distributed in the upper left corner, the upper right corner, and the lower left corner of the two-dimensional code 200.
  • the positioning pattern 201 is a pattern having a fixed ratio. As shown in FIG. 2, the positioning pattern 201 is a black-and-white "back" pattern, and the fixed ratio of black and white symbols is 1:1:3:1:1.
  • the positioning pattern 201 of the two-dimensional code 200 is first searched based on the fixed ratio, thereby determining the direction of the two-dimensional code 200.
  • the two-dimensional code 200 may further include one or more alignment patterns 202, which may also be referred to as auxiliary positioning patterns.
  • alignment patterns 202 may also be referred to as auxiliary positioning patterns.
  • not all versions of the QR code need to set the correction pattern, for example, to set the correction pattern for the QR code above version 2.
  • the correction pattern is mainly used to determine whether the two-dimensional code is folded, twisted, and corrected for the two-dimensional code if the two-dimensional code is folded or twisted.
  • the two-dimensional code 200 includes an encoding region 203, and the encoding region 203 is mainly used to store the specification information of the two-dimensional code 200 and the codeword 2031.
  • the specification information may include at least one of format information 2032 and version information 2033 as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the type of specification information mainly depends on the version of the QR code. Different versions of the QR code can be configured with different types of specification information. Taking the specification information including the format information and the version information as an example, the format information 2032 and the version information 2033 are generally stored in a rectangular area as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the version information 2033 of the two-dimensional code is used to indicate the size of the two-dimensional code 200 (or the number of symbols of the two-dimensional code 200).
  • the format information 2032 of the two-dimensional code is used to store some formatted data, such as the error correction level and mask information of the two-dimensional code 200.
  • the error correction level of the two-dimensional code includes four levels, which are L, M, Q, and H, respectively.
  • Table 1 shows the proportion of error code words that can be corrected by the two-dimensional code of different error correction levels.
  • the symbols in the gray area of Figure 2 are used to record or store codeword 2031 (codeword).
  • codeword 2031 is a bit sequence obtained by performing data encoding on the original data, and the codeword may include a data code, and may further include an error correction code.
  • the encoding method used may be digital encoding, character encoding, or the like.
  • the error correcting code can be calculated by an algorithm such as reed solomon error correction based on the selected error correction level.
  • the two-dimensional code structure shown in FIG. 2 includes other patterns 204 for positioning.
  • the symbols in the coding region may be color-filled according to a preset rule.
  • FIG. 3 depicts an example of a padding path for a symbol for recording a codeword in an encoding area.
  • the point A in FIG. 3 is taken as the starting point
  • the point B is the end point
  • the symbols in the coding area are performed along the filling path 301 shown by the broken line in FIG. If the color is filled, if you encounter a symbol of a non-coding area such as a correction pattern on the way, you can bypass or skip.
  • padding path 301 shown in FIG. 3 is only an example. In practice, any form of padding path may be set as long as the encoding end and the decoding end pre-negotiate. Further, the filled two-dimensional code pattern may also be masked using a preset mask pattern, so that the color distribution of the finally presented two-dimensional code pattern is more uniform.
  • the two-dimensional code is located in a rectangular area including m ⁇ n symbols.
  • the two-dimensional code Before the two-dimensional code is identified, the two-dimensional code needs to be subjected to a positioning operation and a normalization operation.
  • the normalization operation refers to mapping the two-dimensional code into a standard rectangular image, so that each symbol of the two-dimensional code corresponds to one pixel in the rectangular image, and in the process of identifying the two-dimensional code, as long as the rectangle is recognized The color of one pixel in the image determines the value of one symbol of the two-dimensional code.
  • the two-dimensional code includes a positioning pattern and a correction pattern formed by a fixed shape and a proportion of symbols. Before the two-dimensional code is recognized, it is also required to be based on the positioning pattern and the correction pattern pair.
  • the dimension code is corrected. Specifically, the positioning pattern and the correction pattern may be searched for in the two-dimensional code region, and then determined for correcting the two-dimensional based on the positional relationship between the positioning pattern and the correction pattern and the vertex (generally including four vertices) for correcting the two-dimensional code.
  • the position of the vertices of the code (for example, these vertices may be the center point of the positioning pattern and the correction pattern), and then the vertices may be used to correct the two-dimensional code.
  • these vertices can be used to perform a perspective transformation on the two-dimensional code matrix to transform the two-dimensional code to the correct orientation.
  • the error correction function of the two-dimensional code can be used to perform error correction processing on the occluded portion.
  • the present invention also provides other preferred embodiments.
  • the two-dimensional code 400 includes an image area 10.
  • a first image is disposed in the image area 10.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not specifically limit the type of the first image, and the user can set various types of images according to actual needs.
  • the first image may be a user's avatar or logo of the two-dimensional code.
  • the two-dimensional code 400 includes an encoding area 20.
  • the coding region 20 includes individual symbols for recording or storing codewords.
  • the codeword includes a data code, and in some embodiments, the codeword can also include an error correction code.
  • the encoding area 20 and the image area 10 do not overlap each other. In other words, the coding area 20 and the image area 10 are isolated from each other.
  • the non-overlapping of the coding region 20 and the image region 10 means that the image region 10 is a separate region from the coding region 20, which can be used to specifically place an image. In other words, the image placed in the image area 10 does not obscure any symbols in the encoded area of the two-dimensional code.
  • the two-dimensional code provided by the above embodiment is provided with image regions and coding regions that do not overlap each other. Therefore, the image inserted in the image region (ie, the first image) does not block the symbols of the two-dimensional code, and therefore, the need can be reduced.
  • the number of corrected codewords improves the recognition efficiency of the two-dimensional code.
  • the two-dimensional code provided by the above embodiment does not destroy the pattern formed by the symbols in the two-dimensional code, and maintains the integrity of the two-dimensional code.
  • the encoding region 20 can be disposed around the image region 10.
  • the encoding region 20 may be disposed side by side with the image region 10, for example, the entire two-dimensional code occupies a rectangular region, the image region 10 occupies the upper half of the rectangular region, and the encoding region 20 occupies the lower portion of the rectangular region. Half part.
  • the position between the image area 10 and the encoding area 20 may be in any other arrangement as long as both are located inside the entire two-dimensional code area.
  • image area 10 is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention. Alternatively, in some embodiments, image area 10 may be a circular area. Optionally, in other embodiments, the image area 10 may also be a rectangular area.
  • image area 10 is a circular area and the first image is a circular image.
  • image area 10 may be a circular area and the first image may be a rectangular or square image located inside image area 10.
  • the remaining area of the two-dimensional code 400 other than the image area 10 may include at least two strip areas 21 formed by the symbols of the two-dimensional code, and the image area 10 is located in at least two strip areas 21.
  • the middle portion between the lines, and at least two strip regions 21 are radially arranged around the image area 10.
  • the symbols of the two-dimensional code are integrated into a plurality of strip-shaped regions, and the plurality of strip-shaped regions are radial. Therefore, a blank area is left between the strip-shaped area and the strip-shaped area, and the user can set some blank areas according to actual needs. Other graphics or text to increase the amount of information that the QR code can provide to the user. In addition, the overall radial two-dimensional code shape is more beautiful.
  • At least two strip regions 21 are radially arranged around the image region 10. It should be noted that the two-dimensional code may not include the image region 10, and the at least two strip regions 21 are directly arranged radially. For example, the at least two strip regions 21 may be radially arranged around a certain point or a blank area in the two-dimensional code.
  • the strip-shaped region 21 in the present application does not require the region 21 to be a rectangular strip-shaped region.
  • the region 21 may be substantially elongated.
  • the strip-shaped region 21 may be a regular rectangular region, a blade-shaped elongated region, or any other elongated strip-shaped region.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of a symbol arrangement form of a two-dimensional code according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • each strip region 21 may include one or more symbols 28, each of which is shown as a small square in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is an example of a square symbol.
  • the symbols in the embodiments of the present invention may also adopt other shapes.
  • the symbols can be circular symbols.
  • the number of symbols included in each strip region 21 is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention, and the number of symbols included in each strip region in FIG. 5 is merely an example. Further, the number of symbols included in the different strip regions 21 may be the same or different.
  • a blank area 29 is disposed between the different strip regions 21, and the blank area 29 does not contain symbols and does not participate in the recognition process of the two-dimensional code.
  • the so-called blank area only means that the part of the area does not contain symbols, that is, does not contain data information that participates in the identification of the two-dimensional code, and does not mean that the area is white.
  • this area can be white, and It can be set to any other color, and even other graphics or text can be added to increase the amount of information that the QR code can provide.
  • the two-dimensional code may include image regions and coding regions that do not overlap each other, and the symbols in the coding region may be arranged in any shape or pattern. For example, they may be arranged in a radial pattern as shown in FIG. 5, or may be arranged in one or more annular patterns surrounding the image area.
  • the two-dimensional code may be first positioned and corrected; then, the pixels included in each symbol in the coding region are determined from the pixels of the corrected two-dimensional code.
  • the manner of determining the pixels included in each symbol in the coding region is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the coding area may be divided according to the pre-recorded location information to obtain an area occupied by each symbol in the coding area, where the location information is used to indicate that each symbol is encoded.
  • the position in the area; each pixel falling into the area occupied by each symbol is selected from the pixels of the two-dimensional code as the pixels included in each symbol.
  • the coding region of the two-dimensional code can be divided into many small squares similar to those shown in FIG. 5, and each small square corresponds to an area occupied by one symbol. The pixel that falls within the area occupied by each symbol is then taken as the pixel contained in the symbol.
  • the pixels included in each symbol may be determined by querying a pre-established mapping relationship according to the identifier of each symbol in the coding region, where the mapping relationship is each code.
  • This implementation does not need to perform area division on the two-dimensional code, and only needs to record the mapping relationship between each symbol and the pixel position in the coding area in advance.
  • the two-dimensional code includes the symbol z
  • the area occupied by the symbol z includes three pixels of the two-dimensional code
  • the position of the symbol z and the three pixels can be recorded in advance (eg, the pixel is in the two-dimensional code image)
  • the mapping relationship between row and column coordinates the three pixels corresponding to the symbol z can be searched directly based on the pre-recorded mapping relationship, and the two-dimensional code is identified based on the colors of the three pixels.
  • the symbols of the remaining regions of the two-dimensional code other than the image region 10 may be aggregated into a strip-shaped region of a first length staggered and a strip-shaped region of a second length, wherein the first length is greater than Second length.
  • the symbols in the remaining area of the two-dimensional code other than the image area 10 can be gathered into a staggered strip-shaped area and a short strip-shaped area.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of parameters of a two-dimensional code according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • a 12-point direction can be used as a starting position, and a long strip-shaped area is arranged in a clockwise direction at an integral multiple of 10 degrees or 10 degrees, every 5 or 5 degrees.
  • some strips (such as 21a or 21b in FIG. 6) are provided with other patterns (such as positioning patterns) on the extending path. In this case, it is necessary to adjust the strip regions according to the shape of other patterns. Length, even remove some strips.
  • the embodiment of the present invention inserts a short strip-shaped region between adjacent elongated strip regions, which not only makes the overall structure of the two-dimensional code more compact, but also increases The information capacity of the QR code.
  • Fig. 6 is only an example of the arrangement of the strip regions, and in fact, other arrangements may be employed.
  • the short strip area shown in Fig. 6 can be removed, leaving only the strip area.
  • the two-dimensional code provided by the embodiment of the present invention may include multiple versions, and the strip-shaped areas corresponding to the different versions of the two-dimensional code are arranged differently.
  • the two-dimensional code provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes version 1 and version 2.
  • the two-dimensional code of version 1 adopts a scheme of arranging only strip-shaped regions
  • the two-dimensional code of version 2 adopts strip-shaped regions and short strips. The scheme of regional staggered arrangement.
  • the version 2 QR code can be used, otherwise the version 1 two-dimensional code can be used.
  • FIG. 6 sets each of the at least two strip regions 21 to black.
  • the strip regions 21 may visually appear for the actually generated two-dimensional code.
  • the continuous state is shown in Figures 4 and 5.
  • image area 10 is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention, and may be, for example, a rectangle or a circle.
  • image region 10 may be a graphic having a geometric center through which an extension line of at least two strip regions 21 may pass.
  • At least two strip-shaped regions 21 are arranged radially around the image region 10, but the interval between the strip-shaped region 21 and the strip-like region 21 is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention, for example, At least two strip regions 21 may be evenly arranged around the image region 10.
  • the uniform arrangement of the at least two strip regions 21 around the image region 10 may mean that the angle between the extension lines of the adjacent two strip regions of the at least two strip regions 21 remains substantially unchanged.
  • the evenly arranged strip-shaped area can make the overall structure of the two-dimensional code more compact and reasonable.
  • the uniform arrangement can make the two-dimensional code have a larger information capacity.
  • the symbol is gathered into the strip-shaped region 21 as an example, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the symbols in the two-dimensional code can be aggregated into a pattern of an arbitrary shape.
  • the symbols in the two-dimensional code can also be aggregated into one or more rings around the image area 10.
  • coding area 20 may be further divided into multiple areas, and the functions of different areas may be different, which will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
  • the encoding area 20 may include a specification area, and the symbols in the specification area may be used to record specification information of the two-dimensional code, and the specification information may include at least one of the following information of the two-dimensional code: Version information, error correction level, and mask information (eg, may refer to the identity of the mask pattern used by the two-dimensional code). Further, in some embodiments, the symbols in the specification area can be arranged around the image area 10.
  • an area in which the symbols closest to the image area 10 of each stripe region are aggregated may be used as the specification area.
  • the symbols of the specification area are located substantially in the annular area 22 surrounded by two dashed circles near the image area 10 in FIG.
  • the specification area may be any area in the coding area 20, and the symbols in the specification area may also be arranged in any pattern or shape.
  • the symbols in the specification area may be located in two strip-like areas in a strip-like area that is radially arranged.
  • the manner of setting the error correction level is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the four error correction levels described in Table 1 can be used, or a new error correction level can be defined, such as defining only three types of error correction levels: low, medium, and high.
  • the coding area 20 of the two-dimensional code may include a codeword area in addition to the specification area.
  • the codeword recorded in the codeword area may include a data code. Further, in some embodiments, the codewords recorded in the codeword area may also include an error correction code.
  • the remaining area of the two-dimensional code other than the image area may include an edge area, and the symbols in the edge area may form a circular visible pattern.
  • the symbols in the edge region can be used to identify the boundary of the two-dimensional code without storing the encoded information of the two-dimensional code.
  • the edge region is an area in which the symbols farthest from the image region 10 in each strip region are gathered.
  • the symbols of the edge region are located substantially in the annular region 23 surrounded by two dashed circles away from the image region 10 as in Fig. 4, these symbols forming a substantially circular pattern, in order to keep the circular pattern visible Status, you can set the pixels in these symbols to black.
  • the circular visible pattern described above does not require that the symbols in the edge regions be joined into a complete closed circle as long as the symbols in the edge regions are generally circular in shape.
  • a circular visible pattern in the edge region of the two-dimensional code can help the two-dimensional code recognition device to quickly locate the boundary of the two-dimensional code and improve the recognition efficiency of the two-dimensional code. Further, by providing a circular visible pattern in the edge region of the two-dimensional code, the two-dimensional code can be made circular as a whole, so that the two-dimensional code is more beautiful from a visual angle.
  • the two-dimensional code may include a plurality of positioning patterns 24, wherein the outer contour of each of the positioning patterns 24 may be circular.
  • the proportional design of the positioning pattern is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • a 1:1:3:1:1 design similar to the positioning pattern in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 may be employed, or a 1:1:1:1:1 design as shown in FIG. 4 may be employed, 1:1.
  • the 1:1:1 design can reduce the number of symbols occupied by the positioning pattern, so that more symbols can be used to record the codeword information to enhance the information capacity of the two-dimensional code.
  • the remaining area of the two-dimensional code other than the image area 10 may further set a target image 25 for identifying a service type corresponding to the two-dimensional code.
  • QR codes can often support many different kinds of business, such as applets, payment codes, personal business cards, and more. Different types of services can be identified by different logos. For example, when the information recorded by the two-dimensional code is a payment code, the target image 25 may be set as a logo corresponding to the payment code; when the information recorded by the two-dimensional code is a personal business card, the target image 25 may be set as a personal business card. logo.
  • the target image 25 can be used as a correction pattern for the two-dimensional code, along with the positioning pattern of the two-dimensional code, for correcting the two-dimensional code.
  • both the positioning pattern and the contour of the target image may be circular contours, and the vertices for correcting the two-dimensional code may be the center point of the positioning pattern and the circular contour of the target image.
  • the target image is used instead of the correction pattern, so that the target image can function both to identify the type of the service of the two-dimensional code and to correct the two-dimensional code.
  • the target image can be searched in various ways. As shown in FIG. 4, the contour of the target image 25 can be set as a circular contour, and then the edge detection of the image can be performed by the Sobel operator to determine the circular contour. The position of the target image in the two-dimensional code area.
  • the two-dimensional code corrects the two-dimensional code based on the correction pattern, and in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the same function is achieved based on the target pattern 25.
  • the contour of the target image 25 is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the contour of the target image 25 may be a circular contour, a rectangular contour, or a triangular contour.
  • the size of the two-dimensional code is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention, and multiple versions of the two-dimensional code may be set according to actual needs, and different versions correspond to two-dimensional codes of different sizes.
  • a specific size or parameter selection method of the two-dimensional code is given below in conjunction with FIG. It should be noted that the example of FIG. 6 is only intended to assist those skilled in the art to understand the embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention to the specific numerical values or specific examples illustrated. A person skilled in the art will be able to make various modifications and changes in accordance with the example of FIG. 6 which are within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the diameter of the small dot at the center of the positioning pattern is 1 time (i.e., 1x), and the diameter of the inner circumference of the positioning pattern can be set to 3x, and the diameter of the outer circumference can be set to 5x.
  • the above-described radially arranged strip-shaped regions may be formed by staggered elongated strip regions and short strip regions, wherein the length of the elongated strip regions may be set to 12x.
  • the length of the short strip area can be set to 7x.
  • the starting position can be taken at 12 o'clock direction, and then in a clockwise direction, a strip-shaped area of 10 degrees, and a short strip-like area of 5 degrees generates 36 pieces as shown in FIG. Long strips and 36 strips.
  • a strip-shaped area of 10 degrees and a short strip-like area of 5 degrees generates 36 pieces as shown in FIG. Long strips and 36 strips.
  • the information capacity requirement of the two-dimensional code is relatively low in some scenes, only 36 strip-shaped areas can be reserved, and 36 short strip-shaped areas can be removed.
  • the radius of the graphics area 10 can be set to 13x.
  • the diameter of the area where the target image 25 is located can be set to 9x.
  • the two-dimensional code shown in FIG. 6 has a circular shape as a whole, and the radius of the circle can be set to 26x.
  • the strip-shaped area has a length of 12x and can accommodate a total of 12 symbols.
  • one of the 12 symbols that is closest to the image area 10 can be assigned to the specification area for recording the specification information of the two-dimensional code.
  • one of the 12 symbols that is farthest from the image area 10 can be assigned to the edge area, and is mainly used to form a circular visible pattern. Therefore, the number of symbols that can be used to record a codeword in each strip-like area can be 10.
  • the short stripe region has a length of 7x and includes a total of 7 symbols.
  • One of the seven symbols that is farthest from the image area 10 can be assigned to the edge area, and is mainly used to form a circular visible pattern. Therefore, the number of symbols that can be used to record a codeword in each strip-like area is six.
  • the number of symbols of the two-dimensional code that can be used to record the codeword is about 500, and the coding region 20 of the two-dimensional code can be composed of the symbols. Gathered together.
  • an error correction level can be set for the two-dimensional code shown in FIG. 6: L, M, Q, H. Refer to Table 1 for the error correction capabilities of these error correction levels.
  • Two-dimensional codes are widely used in Internet scenes, and therefore, information stored in a two-dimensional code is usually information in a URL format. Considering that the traditional two-dimensional code does not support URL encoding, only ordinary character encoding is supported. Therefore, it is necessary to give a mapping relationship between the character number and the URL capacity of the URL encoding mode, so that the user can select according to actual needs.
  • the character encoding is 45-ary encoding
  • the URL encoding is hexadecimal encoding as an example (here, only the URL encoding is hexadecimal encoding as an example, in fact, the URL encoding can also adopt other hexadecimal),
  • Table 2 The mapping relationship between the information capacity is shown in Table 2.
  • the character capacity of 500 bits is generally 69 (may also be other values, depending on the length of the codeword corresponding to each character) ), according to the conversion relationship between the 45th and the hexadecimal (Ln(45)/Ln(67)), the URL encoded URL character has a capacity of 61.
  • the correspondence between the character encoding of the other error correction levels and the information capacity of the URL encoding is shown in the above table and will not be described in detail herein.
  • Http header mapping area For the same vendor, the http headers of the same service are usually the same. Therefore, the http header can be mapped to a shorter identifier and recorded in the http header mapping area. At the time of encoding, only the identifier corresponding to the http header needs to be encoded, and it is not necessary to encode the entire http header.
  • Service Customized Area Users can add personalized information in the business custom area.
  • the business custom area of 40 URL characters can satisfy the user's use.
  • FIG. 7 shows a two-dimensional code provided by another embodiment of the present invention, including four examples of two-dimensional codes. Similar to the two-dimensional code provided by the embodiment of FIG. 6, each includes an image area and a coding area that do not overlap each other.
  • the two-dimensional codes (a), (b), and (d) are all designed in a staggered arrangement of long and short strip-shaped regions, and the coding region of the two-dimensional code (c) is adopted. Only the design of the long strip area is retained.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic flow chart of an information processing method according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in Figure 8, the following steps are included:
  • Step 801 the predetermined area for generating the two-dimensional code is divided into an image area and an encoding area, and the coding area and the image area do not overlap each other.
  • the entire circular area shown in FIG. 4 is a predetermined area in which the image area 10 and the encoding area 20 do not overlap each other.
  • Step 802 setting a first image in the image area.
  • Step 803 at least one symbol for storing data information is set in the coding area.
  • the symbol is the most basic unit of the two-dimensional code
  • the data information that can be stored includes specification information, code words, boundary information, and the like.
  • the symbols of the two-dimensional code are aggregated to obtain at least two strip regions, the image region is located in the middle between the lines of the at least two strip regions; and the at least two strip regions are radially surrounding the image region Arrange.
  • At least two strip regions are evenly arranged around the image area.
  • the at least two strip regions comprise staggered first strip strip regions and second length strip regions, wherein the first length is greater than the second length.
  • the image area is a circular area or a rectangular area.
  • the method further includes:
  • Step 804 a target image for identifying a service type corresponding to the two-dimensional code is set in the coding area.
  • the area where the target image is located contains the target vertex for correcting the two-dimensional code.
  • the outline of the target image is a circular outline, and the target vertex is the center point of the circular outline.
  • the first image is a user's avatar or LOGO of the two-dimensional code.
  • the method further includes:
  • Step 805 an edge region is set in the coding region, and the symbols in the edge region form a circular visible pattern.
  • the specific method refer to the setting method of the target image 23 in FIG. 4 above, and details are not described herein again.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an information processing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9, the information processing apparatus 900 includes:
  • a dividing module 910 configured to divide a predetermined area for generating a two-dimensional code into an image area and an encoding area, where the encoding area and the image area do not overlap each other;
  • a first setting module 920 configured to set a first image in an image area divided by the dividing module 910;
  • the second setting module 930 is configured to set at least one symbol for storing data information in the coding area divided by the dividing module 910.
  • the second setting module 930 is further configured to set, in the encoding area, a target image for identifying a service type corresponding to the two-dimensional code.
  • the second setting module 930 is further configured to set an edge region in the coding region, and the symbols in the edge region form a circular visible pattern.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an information processing device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the information processing apparatus 1000 may include a processor 1010, a memory 1020, a port 1030, and a bus 1040.
  • the processor 1010 and the memory 1020 are interconnected by a bus 1040.
  • the processor 1010 can receive and transmit data through the port 1030. among them,
  • the processor 1010 is configured to execute a machine readable instruction module stored by the memory 1020.
  • the memory 1020 stores machine readable instruction modules executable by the processor 1010.
  • the instruction module executable by the processor 1010 includes a division module 1021, a first setting module 1022, and a second setting module 1023. among them,
  • the predetermined area for generating the two-dimensional code may be divided into an image area and an encoding area, and the encoding area and the image area do not overlap each other;
  • the first setting module 1022 is executed by the processor 1010, and may be configured to: set a first image in an image area divided by the dividing module 1021.
  • the second setting module 1023 When the second setting module 1023 is executed by the processor 1010, it may be configured to set at least one symbol for storing data information in the coding area divided by the dividing module 1021.
  • the second setting module 1023 is further executed by the processor 1010 to: set a target image for identifying a service type corresponding to the two-dimensional code in the encoding area.
  • the second setting module 1023 is further executed by the processor 1010 to: set an edge region in the coding region, and the symbols in the edge region form a circular visible pattern.
  • An embodiment of the present invention also provides a printed matter producing apparatus that prints a two-dimensional code described above on a printed matter.
  • the electronic version of the QR code can be first created on the terminal (such as a mobile phone or a computer), and then the PS (photoshop) software is used to add the user's avatar or logo to the image area in the electronic version of the QR code to obtain the image to be printed.
  • the QR code then prints the QR code to be printed to form a printed matter.
  • the material of the printed matter and the printing technology are not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the material of the printed matter may be one or more of paper, plastic, and metal.
  • the printed matter can be printed by one or more of printing techniques such as stencil printing, offset printing, and offset printing.
  • the two-dimensional code provided by the embodiment of the present invention has a radial structure formed by a plurality of strip-shaped regions, and a blank region is between the strip-shaped region and the strip-shaped region. After printing the two-dimensional code to the printed matter, the user can Other patterns or characters are printed or added between the strip-shaped area and the strip-shaped area, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the first image in the image region may be integrally printed with the two-dimensional code, or may be separately printed (printed) and then attached to the image region of the two-dimensional code.
  • the embodiment of the invention is not specifically limited thereto.

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Abstract

本发明实施例公开了一种信息处理方法、设备及存储介质。该方法包括：将用于生成二维码的预定区域划分成图像区域和编码区域，编码区域与图像区域互不重叠；在图像区域中设置第一图像；及，在编码区域中设置用于存储数据信息的至少一个码元。

Description

信息处理方法、设备及存储介质
本申请要求于2017年3月31日提交中国专利局、申请号为201720339323.2、申请名称为“二维码和印刷物”的中国专利申请的优先权。
技术领域
本发明涉及信息处理领域，尤其涉及一种信息处理方法、设备及存储介质。
发明背景
近几年来，移动设备上广泛使用的一种编码方式是二维码，利用某种特定的几何图形按一定规律在平面(即二维方向)上分布的黑白相间的图形来记录数据符号的信息。相比传统的单维条形码，二维码能够存储更多的信息，也能表示更多的数据类型。
发明内容
本申请提供一种信息处理方法、设备及存储介质，以提高二维码的识别效率。
本发明实施例第一方面，提供一种信息处理方法，包括：
将用于生成二维码的预定区域划分成图像区域和编码区域，所述编码区域与所述图像区域互不重叠；
在所述图像区域中设置第一图像；及，
在所述编码区域中设置用于存储数据信息的至少一个码元。
本发明实施例第二方面，提供一种信息处理设备，包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器中存储可被所述处理器执行的指令，当执行所述指令 时，所述处理器用于：
将用于生成二维码的预定区域划分成图像区域和编码区域，所述编码区域与所述图像区域互不重叠；
在所述图像区域中设置第一图像；及，
在所述编码区域中设置用于存储数据信息的至少一个码元。
本发明实施例第三方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可读指令，可以使至少一个处理器执行如上所述的方法。
附图简要说明
为了更清楚的说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单的介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来说，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。其中，
图1为依据本发明一实施例的二维码的示例图；
图2为依据本发明一实施例的二维码的内部结构示意图；
图3为依据本发明一实施例的二维码的编码区域的填充路径的示意图；
图4为依据本发明另一实施例的二维码的示例图；
图5为依据本发明另一实施例的二维码的码元排布形式的示例图；
图6为依据本发明另一实施例的二维码的参数示例图；
图7为依据本发明又一实施例的二维码的示例图；
图8为依据本发明一实施例的信息处理方法的流程示意图；
图9为依据本发明一实施例的信息处理设备的结构示意图；
图10为依据本发明另一实施例的信息处理设备的结构示意图。
实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
随着二维码的广泛使用，用户希望能够在二维码中插入图像。该图像例如可以是用户自定义的头像或商标(LOGO)。图1为依据本发明一实施例的二维码的示例图。如图1所示，在二维码102的中间区域插入用户的头像101，并在二维码102的外围加入一些扩展图案103。
根据本发明的实施例，二维码被设置在一块二维的矩形区域中，并由许多小的基本单元拼接而成。该小的基本单元称为二维码的码元。码元是形成二维码的基本单元，二维码一般由许多码元拼接(或聚集)而成。
码元形状可以为正方形，且采用黑白进行着色，但需要说明的是，本发明实施例不限于此。例如，码元的形状可以是正方形，圆形，圆角方形，或以上形状的组合。码元的颜色例如可以是黑色和白色的组合，其中黑色表示二进制的1，白色表示二进制的0。或者，码元的颜色可以是红色和白色的组合，红色表示二进制的1，白色表示二进制的0。当然，二维码还可以采用其他颜色组合，只要该颜色组合能够被机器识别和区分即可。
二维码可以对应多个版本(version)，不同版本的二维码对应的码元数量不同。因此，不同版本的二维码的信息容量也不同。例如，版本1的二维码包含21×21个码元，版本2的二维码包含25×25个码元，依此类推，版本40的二维码包含177×177个码元。版本越高，二维码包 含的码元数量越多，二维码能够容纳的信息也就相应越多。
图2为依据本发明一实施例的二维码的内部结构示意图。参见图2，二维码200包括定位图案201(或称位置检测图案，position detection pattern)。定位图案201可用于确定二维码200的方向。在图2中，二维码200包括3个定位图案201，分别分布在二维码200的左上角、右上角和左下角。定位图案201是一种具有固定比例的图案，如图2所示，定位图案201为黑白相间的“回”形图案，黑白码元的固定比例为1:1:3:1:1。在扫描二维码200的过程中，首先基于该固定比例搜寻二维码200的定位图案201，从而确定二维码200的方向。
进一步地，二维码200还可以包括一个或多个校正图案202(alignment pattern)，校正图案也可称为辅助定位图案。实际应用时，并非所有版本的二维码均需要设置校正图案，例如，为版本2以上的二维码设置校正图案。校正图案主要用于确定二维码是否被折叠、扭曲，并在二维码被折叠或扭曲的情况下对二维码进行校正。
进一步地，二维码200包括编码区域203(encoding region)，编码区域203主要用于存储二维码200的规格信息和码字2031。规格信息可以包括如图2所示的格式信息2032和版本信息2033中的至少一种。规格信息的种类主要取决于二维码的版本，不同版本的二维码可以配置不同种类的规格信息。以规格信息包括格式信息和版本信息为例，格式信息2032和版本信息2033一般存储在如图2所示的矩形区域中。
二维码的版本信息2033用于指示二维码200的尺寸(或二维码200的码元数量)。二维码的格式信息2032用于存储一些格式化数据，如二维码200的纠错级别和掩码信息。例如，二维码的纠错级别包括四级，分别为L、M、Q、H。表一给出了不同纠错级别的二维码能够纠正的错误码字的比例。利用二维码的这种纠错功能，使得在二维码的矩形区域 中插入图像后仍能对二维码进行识别。
表一
L 能够纠正7％的错误码字
M 能够纠正15％的错误码字
Q 能够纠正25％的错误码字
H 能够纠正30％的错误码字
继续参见图2，图2的灰色区域中的码元用于记录或存储码字2031(codeword)。码字2031是对原始数据进行数据编码后得到的比特序列，码字可以包括数据码(data code)，还可以包括纠错码(error correction code)。采用的编码方式可以为数字编码、字符编码等。纠错码可以基于选取的纠错级别，通过如里德-所罗门纠错(reed solomon error correction)等算法计算得到。
除此之外，图2所示的二维码结构中还包括其他用于定位的图案204。
根据本发明的实施例，在确定二维码的版本信息、格式信息、码字之后，可以按照预设的规则，对编码区域中的码元进行颜色填充。图3描述的是编码区域中用于记录码字的码元的填充路径的示例。请参见图3，在获取到码字之后，可以以图3所示的A点为起点，B点为终点，沿着图3中的折线所示的填充路径301对编码区域中的码元进行颜色填充，途中如果遇到校正图案等非编码区域的码元，绕开或跳过即可。
应理解，图3所示的填充路径301仅是一个示例，实际中，可以设置任意形式的填充路径，只要编码端和解码端预先协商好即可。进一步地，还可以使用预设的掩码图案(mask pattern)对填充好的二维码图案进行加掩(masking)，使得最终呈现的二维码图案的颜色分布更加均匀。
如图3所示，二维码位于一块矩形区域中，该矩形区域包括m×n 个码元。其中，m与n的取值与二维码的版本有关，如版本1的二维码中，m＝n＝21。
在对该二维码进行识别之前，需要对该二维码进行定位操作以及归一化操作。其中，归一化操作是指将二维码映射成一块标准的矩形图像，使得二维码的每个码元对应该矩形图像中的一个像素，在识别二维码的过程中，只要识别矩形图像中的一个像素的颜色即可确定二维码的一个码元的取值。
此外，图2所示实施例中，二维码包含由固定形状和比例的码元聚集而成的定位图案和校正图案，在对二维码识别之前，还需要基于定位图案和校正图案对二维码进行校正。具体地，可以在二维码区域中搜索定位图案和校正图案，然后基于定位图案和校正图案与用于校正二维码的顶点(一般包括4个顶点)的位置关系，确定用于校正二维码的顶点的位置(例如，这些顶点可以是定位图案和校正图案的中心点)，接着，可以利用这些顶点对二维码进行校正。例如，可以利用这些顶点对二维码矩阵进行透视变换，将二维码变换至正确的方位。
根据上述实施例，由于在二维码中插入图像会遮挡二维码的部分码元，在识别二维码的过程中，可以利用二维码的纠错功能对被遮挡部分进行纠错处理。
为了不破坏二维码的整体性以及进一步提高二维码的识别效率，本发明还提供了其他优选的实施例。
图4为依据本发明另一实施例的二维码的示例图。如图4所示，二维码400包括图像区域10。图像区域10中设置有第一图像。本发明实施例对第一图像的类型不做具体限定，用户可以根据实际需要设置各种类型的图像。可选地，在一些实施例中，第一图像可以为二维码的用户的头像或LOGO。
进一步地，二维码400包括编码区域20。编码区域20包括用于记录或存储码字的各个码元。该码字包括数据码，在一些实施例中，该码字还可以包括纠错码。此外，编码区域20与图像区域10互不重叠。换句话说，编码区域20与图像区域10相互隔离。编码区域20和图像区域10互不重叠意味着图像区域10是不同于编码区域20的一块独立的区域，该图像区域10可用于专门放置图像。换句话说，该图像区域10中放置的图像不会遮挡二维码的编码区域中的任何码元。
上述实施例提供的二维码设置有互不重叠的图像区域和编码区域，因此，图像区域中插入的图像(即上述第一图像)不会遮挡二维码的码元，因此，能够减少需要被纠正的码字的数量，从而提升了二维码的识别效率。进一步地，上述实施例提供的二维码不会破坏二维码中的码元形成的图案，维持了二维码的整体性。
本发明实施例对图像区域10和编码区域20之间的位置关系不做具体限定。如图4所示，在一些实施例中，编码区域20可以围绕图像区域10设置。在另一些实施例中，编码区域20可以与图像区域10并列设置，例如，整个二维码占据一块矩形区域，图像区域10占用该矩形区域的上半部分，编码区域20占用该矩形区域的下半部分。实际上，图像区域10和编码区域20之间的位置还可以采用其他任意的布置方式，只要二者均位于整个二维码区域的内部即可。
应理解，本发明实施例对图像区域10的形状不做具体限定。可选地，在一些实施例中，图像区域10可以为圆形区域。可选地，在另一些实施例中，图像区域10还可以为矩形区域。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例对图像区域10中设置的第一图像的形状，以及第一图像在图像区域10中的位置不做具体限定。如图4所示，在一些实施例中，图像区域10为圆形区域，第一图像为圆形图像。 在另一些实施例中，图像区域10可以为圆形区域，第一图像可以是位于图像区域10内部的矩形或正方形图像。
参见图4，二维码400的除图像区域10之外的剩余区域可以包括由二维码的码元聚集而成的至少两个条状区域21，图像区域10位于至少两个条状区域21连线之间的中部，且至少两个条状区域21围绕图像区域10呈放射状排布。
二维码的码元聚集成多个条状区域，该多个条状区域呈放射状，因此，条状区域和条状区域之间会留有空白区域，用户可以根据实际需要在空白区域设置一些其他图形或文字，以增加二维码能够提供给用户的信息量。此外，整体呈放射状的二维码形状更加美观。
在上述实施例中，至少两个条状区域21围绕图像区域10呈放射状排布。需要说明的是，该二维码也可以不包括图像区域10，该至少两个条状区域21直接呈放射状排布。例如，该至少两个条状区域21可以围绕二维码中的某个点或某块空白区域呈放射状排布。
需要说明的是，本申请中的条状区域21并非要求该区域21为长方形的条状区域，实际上，只要该区域21大致呈长条形即可。例如，条状区域21可以是规则的长方形区域，也可以是叶片状的长条形区域，还可以是其他任意形状的长条形区域。
图5为依据本发明另一实施例的二维码的码元排布形式的示例图。请参见图5，每个条状区域21可以包括一个或多个码元28，每个码元如图5中的小方格所示。
应理解，图5是以方形码元为例进行说明的，实际上，本发明实施例中的码元也可以采用其他形状。例如，码元可以是圆形码元。还应理解，本发明实施例对每个条状区域21所包含的码元数量不做具体限定，图5中的每个条状区域所包含的码元的数量仅是举例说明。此外，不同 条状区域21所包含的码元数量可以相同，也可以不同。
从图5可以看出，不同条状区域21之间会设置有空白区域29，空白区域29不包含码元，不会参与二维码的识别过程。需要注意的是，所谓空白区域仅是指这部分区域不包含码元，即不包含参与二维码识别的数据信息，并非指这块区域为白色，实际上，这块区域可以为白色，也可以设置成其他任意颜色，甚至可以加入其它图形或文字，以增加二维码能够提供的信息量。
在图4和图5提供的实施例中，二维码可以包含互不重叠的图像区域和编码区域，且编码区域中的码元可以排布成任意的形状或图案。例如，排布成如图5所示的放射状图案，此外也可以排布成围绕图像区域的一个或多个圆环状图案。对这种二维码进行识别时，可以先对二维码进行定位和校正；然后，从校正后的二维码的像素中确定编码区域中的每个码元包含的像素。
针对确定编码区域中的每个码元所包含的像素的方式，本发明实施例不做具体限定。
可选地，作为一种实现方式，可以根据预先记录的位置信息，对编码区域进行划分，得到编码区域中的每个码元所占的区域，其中位置信息用于指示每个码元在编码区域中的位置；从二维码的像素中选取落入每个码元所占的区域中的各个像素，作为每个码元所包含的像素。
以图5为例，在识别二维码的过程中，可以将二维码的编码区域划分成类似图5所示的许多小方块，每个小方块对应一个码元所占的区域。然后将落入每个码元所占的区域中的像素作为该码元包含的像素。
可选地，作为另一种实现方式，可以根据编码区域中的每个码元的标识，通过查询预先建立的映射关系，确定每个码元所包含的像素，其中，映射关系为每个码元的标识与每个码元所包含的像素在二维码中的 位置的映射关系。
该实现方式无需对二维码进行区域划分，仅需要预先记录编码区域中的每个码元与像素位置之间的映射关系即可。举例说明，假设二维码包括码元z，码元z所占的区域包含二维码的3个像素，可以预先记录码元z与该3个像素的位置(如像素在二维码图像中的行列坐标)的映射关系。在识别二维码的过程中，可以直接基于该预先记录的映射关系，查找码元z对应的3个像素，并基于该3个像素的颜色识别该二维码。
在一些实施例中，二维码的除图像区域10之外的剩余区域的码元可以聚集成交错排布的第一长度的条状区域和第二长度的条状区域，其中第一长度大于第二长度。换句话说，二维码的除图像区域10之外的剩余区域中的码元可以聚集成交错排布的长条状区域和短条状区域。
图6为依据本发明另一实施例的二维码的参数示例图。如图6所示，可以以12点钟方向为起始位置，沿顺时针方向按照每逢10度或10度的整数倍，布置一条长条状区域，每逢5度或5度的整数倍，布置一条短条状区域的原则，共布置长短交错排布的72个条状区域。需要注意的是，有些条状区域(如图6中的21a或21b)的延伸路径上会设置有其他图案(如定位图案)，此时，需要根据其他图案的形状适应性调整条状区域的长度，甚至去掉某些条状区域。
如果仅布置长条状区域，长条状区域与长条状区域之间会留有较多的空白区域，且由于长条状区域呈放射状，距离图像区域越远，相邻长条状区域之间的空白区域越大。为了能够充分利用相邻长条状区域之间的空白区域，本发明实施例在相邻长条状区域之间插入了短条状区域，这样不但使得二维码整体结构更加紧凑，而且增加了二维码的信息容量。
应理解，图6仅是条状区域的排布方式的一个示例，实际上，还可 以采用其他排布方式。例如，可以去掉图6所示的短条状区域，仅保留长条状区域。或者，本发明实施例提供的二维码可以包括多个版本，不同版本的二维码对应的条状区域的排布方式不同。例如，本发明实施例提供的二维码包括版本1和版本2，版本1的二维码采用仅排布长条状区域的方案，版本2的二维码采用长条状区域和短条状区域交错排布的方案。当用户要求二维码的信息容量较高时，可以采用版本2的二维码，否则可以采用版本1的二维码。
为了能够更好地呈现至少两个条状区域21的位置和排布方式，图6将至少两个条状区域21中的每个条状区域设置为黑色。实际使用时，由于同一条状区域21中的码元既可能包含黑色像素，也可能包含白色像素，因此，对于实际生成的二维码而言，条状区域21从视觉上看可能会呈现不连续的状态，如图4和图5所示。
本发明实施例对图像区域10的形状不做具体限定，例如可以是矩形或圆形。在一些实施例中，图像区域10可以是具有几何中心的图形，至少两个条状区域21的延伸线可以穿过该图像区域10的几何中心。
本发明实施例中，至少两个条状区域21围绕图像区域10整体上呈放射状排布，但本发明实施例对条状区域21与条状区域21之间的间隔不做具体限定，例如，至少两个条状区域21可以围绕图像区域10均匀排布。所谓至少两个条状区域21围绕图像区域10均匀排布可指：至少两个条状区域21中的相邻两个条状区域的延长线之间的夹角大致保持不变。
均匀排布的条状区域可以使得二维码整体结构更加紧凑、合理，当条状区域数量较多且密集排布时，均匀排布的方式能够使得二维码具有更大的信息容量。
上文是以码元聚集成条状区域21为例进行举例说明的，但本发明 实施例不限于此，二维码中的码元可以聚集成任意形状的图案。例如，二维码中的码元还可以聚集成围绕图像区域10的一个或多个环形。
需要说明的是，编码区域20可以进一步划分成多个区域，不同区域的功能可以不同，下面结合具体的实施例进行详细描述。
可选地，在一些实施例中，编码区域20可包括规格区域，规格区域中的码元可用于记录二维码的规格信息，规格信息可以包括二维码的以下信息中的至少一种：版本信息，纠错级别，以及掩码信息(例如可以指二维码所使用的掩码图案的标识)。进一步地，在一些实施例中，规格区域中的码元可围绕图像区域10排布。
以图4为例，可以将各个条状区域的与图像区域10距离最近的码元聚集而成的区域作为规格区域。该规格区域的码元大致位于如图4中的靠近图像区域10的两个虚线圆所包围的环状区域22中。
上文是以规格区域中的码元围绕图像区域10排布为例进行举例说明的，但规格区域以及规格区域中的码元的排布形式不限于此。实际上，规格区域可以是编码区域20中的任意区域，规格区域中的码元也可以排布成任意的图案或形状。例如，规格区域中的码元可以位于呈放射状排布的条状区域中的两个条状区域中。
本发明实施例对纠错级别的设置方式不做具体限定。例如，可以采用表一所述的4种纠错级别，也可以定义新的纠错级别，如仅定义低、中、高3种纠错级别。
二维码的编码区域20除了包括规格区域，还可包括码字区域。码字区域中记录的码字可以包括数据码。进一步地，在一些实施例中，码字区域中记录的码字还可以包括纠错码。
可选地，在一些实施例中，二维码的除图像区域之外的剩余区域可包括边缘区域，边缘区域中的码元可以形成圆形的可视图案。边缘区域 中的码元可以不用存储二维码的编码信息，专门用于标识二维码的边界即可。
以图4为例，边缘区域为各个条状区域中的距离图像区域10最远的码元聚集而成的区域。该边缘区域的码元大致位于如图4中的远离图像区域10的两个虚线圆所包围的环状区域23中，这些码元形成了大致圆形图案，为了保持该圆形图案处于可视状态，可以将这些码元中的像素均设置成黑色。此外，上述圆形的可视图案并非要求边缘区域中的码元连接成一个完整的封闭圆形，只要边缘区域中的码元整体上大致呈现圆形即可。
在二维码的边缘区域设置圆形的可视图案能够帮助二维码识别装置快速定位二维码的边界，提升二维码的识别效率。进一步地，在二维码的边缘区域设置圆形的可视图案，能够使得二维码整体上呈现圆形，使得二维码从视觉角度更加美观。
可选地，在一些实施例中，如图4所示，二维码可以包括多个定位图案24，其中每个定位图案24的外轮廓可以为圆形。
本发明实施例对定位图案的比例设计不做具体限定。例如，可以采用与图2所示实施例中定位图案类似的1:1:3:1:1设计，也可以采用如图4所示的1:1:1:1:1设计，1:1:1:1:1设计可以减少定位图案所占的码元的数量，使得更多的码元能够用于记录码字信息，以提升二维码的信息容量。
可选地，在一些实施例中，如图4所示，二维码的除图像区域10之外的剩余区域还可以设置用于标识二维码对应的业务类型的目标图像25。
二维码通常可以支持许多不同种类的业务，如小程序，支付码，个人名片等。不同类型的业务可以通过不同的logo进行标识。例如，当二 维码记录的信息是支付码时，可以将目标图像25设置为支付码对应的logo；当二维码记录的信息是个人名片时，可以将目标图像25设置为个人名片对应的logo。
在一些实施例中，目标图像25可以作为二维码的校正图案，与二维码的定位图案一起，用于校正二维码。例如，定位图案和目标图像的轮廓均可以是圆形轮廓，用于校正二维码的顶点可以是定位图案和目标图像的圆形轮廓的中心点。
在上述实施例中，利用目标图像代替校正图案，这样一来，目标图像既可以起到标识二维码的业务类型的作用，又可以起到校正二维码的作用。应理解，目标图像的查找方式可以有多种，如图4所示，可以将目标图像25的轮廓设置为圆形轮廓，然后可以通过Sobel算子进行图像的边缘检测，从而确定具有圆形轮廓的目标图像在二维码区域中的位置。
可见，在图2所示的实施例中，二维码是基于校正图案校正二维码，而在图5所示的实施例中，基于目标图案25实现了相同的功能。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例对目标图像25的轮廓不做具体限定，例如，目标图像25的轮廓可以是圆形轮廓，矩形轮廓，或三角形轮廓。
本发明实施例对二维码的尺寸不做具体限定，可以根据实际需要设定多个二维码版本，不同版本对应不同尺寸的二维码。下面结合图6，给出二维码的一种具体的尺寸或参数的选取方式。应注意，图6的例子仅仅是为了帮助本领域技术人员理解本发明实施例，而非要将本发明实施例限于所例示的具体数值或具体场景。本领域技术人员根据所给出的图6的例子，显然可以进行各种等价的修改或变化，这样的修改或变化也落入本发明实施例的范围内。
如图6所示，以定位图案中心的小圆点的直径为1倍比例长度(即 1x)为例，则定位图案的内圆周的直径可以设置为3x，外圆周的直径可以设置为5x。
进一步地，如图6所示，上文描述的呈放射状排布的条状区域可以由交错排布的长条状区域和短条状区域形成，其中长条状区域的长度可以设置为12x，短条状区域的长度可以设置为7x。
具体地，可以以12点钟方向为起始位置，然后沿顺时针方向按照每逢10度一条长条状区域，每逢5度一条短条状区域的原则生成如图6所示的36条长条状区域和36条短条状区域。当然，如果某些场景对二维码的信息容量要求比较低，可以仅保留36条长条状区域，去掉36条短条状区域。
进一步地，图形区域10的半径可以设置为13x。目标图像25所在的区域的直径可以设置为9x。此外，如图6所示，不考虑目标图像25的影响，图6所示的二维码整体呈圆形，该圆形的半径可以设置为26x。
下面给出图6所示的二维码与实际应用方案相结合的一种示例。
如图6所示，长条状区域的长度为12x，共可以容纳12个码元。首先，可以将该12个码元中的离图像区域10最近的1个码元分配给规格区域，用于记录二维码的规格信息。其次，可以将该12个码元中的离图像区域10最远的1个码元分配给边缘区域，主要用于形成圆形的可视图案。因此，每条长条状区域中的能够用于记录码字的码元数量可以为10。
同理，短条状区域的长度为7x，共包括7个码元。可以将该7个码元中的离图像区域10最远的1个码元分配给边缘区域，主要用于形成圆形的可视图案。因此，每条长条状区域中的能够用于记录码字的码元数量为6。
进一步地，考虑到定位图案等会占用二维码的部分码元，因此，二 维码的能够用于记录码字的码元大约为500个，二维码的编码区域20可以由这些码元聚集而成。
进一步地，可以为图6所示的二维码设置纠错级别：L、M、Q、H。这些纠错级别的纠错能力可以参考表一。
二维码广泛应用于互联网场景，因此，二维码中存储的信息通常为URL格式的信息。考虑到传统的二维码不支持URL编码，仅支持普通的字符编码，因此，需要给出字符编号和URL编码方式之间的信息容量的映射关系，以便用户根据实际需要选择。
以字符编码为45进制编码，URL编码为67进制编码为例(这里仅是以URL编码为67进制编码为例进行说明，实际上URL编码还可以采用其他进制)，二者之间的信息容量的映射关系如表二所示。
表二
Figure PCTCN2018079110-appb-000001
从表二可以看出，对于45进制的字符编码，如果采用纠错级别L，500比特的字符容量一般为69(也可以为其他数值，需要视每个字符对应的码字的长度而定)，根据45进制和67进制之间的换算关系(Ln(45)/Ln(67))，URL编码的URL字符容量为61。其他纠错级别下的字符编码和URL编码的信息容量的对应关系参见上表，此处不再详述。
假设采用纠错级别M，通过查表二可以看出，URL编码的URL字符容量为49。可以将49个URL字符按照表三所示的格式进行分配。
表三
版本号 业务标识 http头部映射区域 业务自定义区域
1个URL字符 2个URL字符 6个URL字符 40个URL字符
业务标识：业务标识占2个URL字符，共可用来记录672＝4489种可能的业务标识。这些业务标识可主要用于区分二维码中记录的信息对应的业务类型，常见的业务类型包括个人名片、小程序、支付码等。
http头部映射区域：对同一厂商而言，同一业务的http头部通常是相同的。因此，可以将http头部映射成一个较短的标识，并将该标识记录在http头部映射区域。在编码时，仅需要编码该http头部对应的标识，无需对整个http头部进行编码。
业务自定义区域：用户可以在业务自定义区域添加个性化的信息，40个URL字符的业务自定义区域能够满足用户的使用。
图7示出了本发明又一实施例提供的二维码，包括四个二维码示例。与图6实施例提供的二维码类似，均包含互不重叠的图像区域和编码区域。在图7所示的实施例中，二维码(a)、(b)、(d)均采用的是长短条状区域交错排布的设计方案，二维码(c)的编码区域采用了仅保留长条状区域的设计方案。
图8为依据本发明一实施例的信息处理方法的流程示意图。如图8所示，包括如下步骤：
步骤801，将用于生成二维码的预定区域划分成图像区域和编码区域，编码区域与图像区域互不重叠。
例如，图4所示的整个圆形区域为预定区域，其中，图像区域10和编码区域20互不重叠。
步骤802，在图像区域中设置第一图像。
步骤803，在编码区域中设置用于存储数据信息的至少一个码元。
本申请实施例中，码元作为二维码最基本的单位，可以存储的数据信息包括规格信息、码字以及边界信息等等。
在一实施例中，将二维码的码元聚集得到至少两个条状区域，图像区域位于至少两个条状区域连线之间的中部；将至少两个条状区域围绕图像区域呈放射状进行排布。
具体方法可参见上述图4给出的实施例，在此不再赘述。
在一实施例中，至少两个条状区域围绕图像区域均匀排布。
在一实施例中，至少两个条状区域包括交错排布的第一长度的条状区域和第二长度的条状区域，其中第一长度大于第二长度。
在一实施例中，图像区域为圆形区域或矩形区域。
在本发明另一实施例中，该方法还包括：
步骤804，在编码区域中设置用于标识二维码对应的业务类型的目标图像。
其中，目标图像所在的区域包含用于校正二维码的目标顶点。目标图像的轮廓为圆形轮廓，目标顶点为圆形轮廓的中心点。具体方法可以参见上述图4中目标图像25的设置方法，在此不再赘述。
在一实施例中，第一图像为二维码的用户的头像或LOGO。
在本发明又一实施例中，该方法还包括：
步骤805，在编码区域中设置边缘区域，边缘区域中的码元形成圆形的可视图案。具体方法可以参见上述图4中目标图像23的设置方法，在此不再赘述。
图9为依据本发明一实施例的信息处理设备的结构示意图。如图9所示，信息处理设备900包括：
划分模块910，用于将用于生成二维码的预定区域划分成图像区域和编码区域，编码区域与所述图像区域互不重叠；
第一设置模块920，用于在划分模块910划分出的图像区域中设置第一图像；及，
第二设置模块930，用于在划分模块910划分出的编码区域中设置用于存储数据信息的至少一个码元。
在一实施例中，第二设置模块930进一步用于，在编码区域中设置用于标识二维码对应的业务类型的目标图像。
在一实施例中，第二设置模块930进一步用于，在编码区域中设置边缘区域，边缘区域中的码元形成圆形的可视图案。
图10为依据本发明另一实施例的信息处理设备的结构示意图。如图10所示，信息处理设备1000可包括：处理器1010、存储器1020、端口1030以及总线1040。处理器1010和存储器1020通过总线1040互联。处理器1010可通过端口1030接收和发送数据。其中，
处理器1010用于执行存储器1020存储的机器可读指令模块。
存储器1020存储有处理器1010可执行的机器可读指令模块。处理器1010可执行的指令模块包括：划分模块1021、第一设置模块1022和第二设置模块1023。其中，
划分模块1021被处理器1010执行时可以为：将用于生成二维码的预定区域划分成图像区域和编码区域，编码区域与所述图像区域互不重叠；
第一设置模块1022被处理器1010执行时可以为：用于在划分模块1021划分出的图像区域中设置第一图像；
第二设置模块1023被处理器1010执行时可以为：用于在划分模块1021划分出的编码区域中设置用于存储数据信息的至少一个码元。
在一实施例中，第二设置模块1023被处理器1010执行时进一步可以为：在编码区域中设置用于标识二维码对应的业务类型的目标图像。
在一实施例中，第二设置模块1023被处理器1010执行时进一步可以为：在编码区域中设置边缘区域，边缘区域中的码元形成圆形的可视 图案。
由此可以看出，当存储在存储器1020中的指令模块被处理器1010执行时，可实现前述各个实施例中划分模块、第一设置模块和第二设置模块的各种功能。
本发明实施例还提供一种印刷物生成设备，该印刷物生成设备在印刷物上印刷有上文中描述的二维码。
举例说明，可以先在终端(如手机或电脑)上制作电子版的二维码，然后利用PS(photoshop)软件在电子版的二维码中的图像区域添加用户的头像或logo，得到待印刷的二维码，然后将待印刷的二维码打印出来，形成印刷物。
本发明实施例对印刷物的材质以及印刷技术不做具体限定。举例说明，印刷物的材质可以是纸、塑料和金属中的一种或多种。印刷物可以采用油印、铅印、胶印等印刷技术中的一种或多种进行印刷。
本发明实施例提供的二维码具有由多个条状区域形成的放射状结构，条状区域与条状区域之间是空白区域，在将二维码印刷至印刷物之后，用户可以根据实际需要在条状区域与条状区域之间印刷或添加其他图案或文字，本发明实施例对此不做具体限定。
需要说明的是，当二维码包含图像区域时，图像区域中的第一图像可以是与二维码一体印刷而成，也可以单独印刷(打印)之后贴到二维码的图像区域，本发明实施例对此不做具体限定。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种信息处理方法，其特征在于，应用于信息处理设备，所述方法包括：
    将用于生成二维码的预定区域划分成图像区域和编码区域，所述编码区域与所述图像区域互不重叠；
    在所述图像区域中设置第一图像；及，
    在所述编码区域中设置用于存储数据信息的至少一个码元。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述在所述编码区域中设置用于存储数据信息的至少一个码元包括：
    将所述二维码的码元聚集得到至少两个条状区域，所述图像区域位于所述至少两个条状区域连线之间的中部；
    将所述至少两个条状区域围绕所述图像区域呈放射状进行排布。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少两个条状区域围绕所述图像区域均匀排布。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少两个条状区域包括交错排布的第一长度的条状区域和第二长度的条状区域，其中所述第一长度大于所述第二长度。
  5. 如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述图像区域为圆形区域或矩形区域。
  6. 如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    在所述编码区域中设置用于标识所述二维码对应的业务类型的目标图像。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述目标图像所在的区域包含用于校正所述二维码的目标顶点。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述目标图像的轮廓为圆形轮廓，所述目标顶点为所述圆形轮廓的中心点。
  9. 如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    在所述编码区域中设置边缘区域，所述边缘区域中的码元形成圆形的可视图案。
  10. 如权利要求1-4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一图像为所述二维码的用户的头像或LOGO。
  11. 一种信息处理设备，其特征在于，包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器中存储可被所述处理器执行的指令，当执行所述指令时，所述处理器用于：
    将用于生成二维码的预定区域划分成图像区域和编码区域，所述编码区域与所述图像区域互不重叠；
    在所述图像区域中设置第一图像；及，
    在所述编码区域中设置用于存储数据信息的至少一个码元。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的设备，其特征在于，当执行所述指令时，所述处理器进一步用于：
    将所述二维码的码元聚集得到至少两个条状区域，所述图像区域位于所述至少两个条状区域连线之间的中部；
    将所述至少两个条状区域围绕所述图像区域呈放射状进行排布。
  13. 如权利要求11或12所述的设备，其特征在于，当执行所述指令时，所述处理器进一步用于：
    在所述编码区域中设置用于标识所述二维码对应的业务类型的目标图像。
  14. 如权利要求11或12所述的设备，其特征在于，当执行所述指令时，所述处理器进一步用于：
    在所述编码区域中设置边缘区域，所述边缘区域中的码元形成圆形的可视图案。
  15. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，存储有计算机可读指令，可以使至少一个处理器执行如权利要求1至10中任一项所述的方法。
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CN207051946U (zh) * 2017-03-31 2018-02-27 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 二维码和印刷物

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CN112187284A (zh) * 2019-07-05 2021-01-05 杭州海康机器人技术有限公司 编码方法、编码图形、编码图形读取方法和拍摄装置
CN112862045A (zh) * 2021-01-15 2021-05-28 中钞印制技术研究院有限公司 一种加密图形结构、编码方法及装置、识别方法及装置
CN112862045B (zh) * 2021-01-15 2024-03-15 中钞印制技术研究院有限公司 一种加密图形结构、编码方法及装置、识别方法及装置
CN113822942A (zh) * 2021-09-09 2021-12-21 南京中科逆熵科技有限公司 一种基于二维码的单目摄像头测量物体尺寸的方法
CN113822942B (zh) * 2021-09-09 2023-11-17 南京中科逆熵科技有限公司 一种基于二维码的单目摄像头测量物体尺寸的方法

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