WO2018176296A1 - 固定架、电池模块以及电池包 - Google Patents

固定架、电池模块以及电池包 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018176296A1
WO2018176296A1 PCT/CN2017/078699 CN2017078699W WO2018176296A1 WO 2018176296 A1 WO2018176296 A1 WO 2018176296A1 CN 2017078699 W CN2017078699 W CN 2017078699W WO 2018176296 A1 WO2018176296 A1 WO 2018176296A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat conducting
holder
conducting plates
frame
bulge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2017/078699
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张上富
黄银成
蔡锦榕
项延火
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority to PCT/CN2017/078699 priority Critical patent/WO2018176296A1/zh
Publication of WO2018176296A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018176296A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/211—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/227—Organic material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of batteries, and in particular, to a mounting bracket, a battery module, and a battery pack.
  • the compressible elastic material is difficult to select.
  • the compressible elastic material used to solve the expansion of the battery pack needs to meet the following requirements: 1
  • the early elastic modulus is large, and the late elastic modulus is small.
  • the early elastic modulus can be used for a large amount.
  • Solve the requirements of the initial preload of the battery pack, and the small elastic modulus at the later stage can provide sufficient space for the expansion of the soft pack secondary battery; 2 due to the limitation of the size of the battery pack and the size of the soft pack secondary battery,
  • the space of the compressed elastic material tends to be different, which requires that the compressible elastic material used has a variety of different thicknesses to choose from; 3 should meet the requirements of heat insulation and insulation.
  • the compressible elastic materials currently on the market generally cannot meet the above requirements at the same time, and the selection of compressible elastic materials is extremely difficult.
  • the production cost of the battery pack is relatively high.
  • the compressible elastic materials available are HT800/HT870/BF1000, etc. These compressible elastic materials are expensive in terms of price, and in addition, it is necessary to increase the inefficiency in the production of battery packs.
  • the compressible elastomeric attachment process results in a higher overall cost of the battery pack.
  • the tolerance of the above-mentioned compressible elastic material is generally ⁇ 0.5 mm, and the compressible elastic material generates bubbles and wrinkles during the attaching process, thereby reducing the assembly dimensional accuracy of the entire battery pack, thereby reducing the finality.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a holder, a battery module, and a battery pack that can solve the secondary electricity in the battery pack without using a compressible elastic material.
  • the expansion force problem of the pool eliminates the problems of difficult material selection, high cost, many processes, and poor precision due to the use of compressible elastic materials.
  • the present invention provides a fixing frame comprising: a frame body having an enclosed inner space; and at least one heat conducting plate fixed to the frame body and dividing the inner space of the frame body Two accommodating portions having openings on opposite sides of the thickness direction of the frame are formed together with the frame.
  • the side surface of the corresponding heat transfer plate constituting each of the accommodating portions is formed in a bulge that is located in each of the accommodating portions and that bulges toward the opening of each accommodating portion in the thickness direction of the casing.
  • the present invention provides a battery module including two secondary batteries.
  • the battery module further includes the fixing frame according to the first aspect of the present invention.
  • Each of the secondary batteries is received in a corresponding receiving portion and fixed to one side of the corresponding heat conducting plate and contacts the corresponding bulge.
  • the present invention provides a battery pack comprising a plurality of battery modules according to the second aspect of the present invention arranged side by side.
  • the advantageous effects of the present invention are as follows: due to the arrangement of the bulge, when the holder is used for the battery module and further for the battery pack, the expansion of the secondary battery can be effectively buffered, thereby eliminating the need for a compressible elastic material and eliminating The problem of difficult material selection, high cost, many processes, and poor precision due to the use of compressible elastic materials.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a battery pack in accordance with the present invention, in which a battery module is separated from the remaining battery modules for clarity.
  • FIG. 2 is an assembled perspective view of an embodiment of a mounting bracket in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of Figure 2 .
  • Figure 4 is an exploded view of Figure 2.
  • Figure 5 is an exploded view of another angle of Figure 2.
  • Figure 6 is an exploded view of an embodiment of a battery module in accordance with the present invention in which the holder of Figure 2 is employed.
  • Figure 7 is an assembled perspective view of another embodiment of a holder in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of Figure 7.
  • Figure 9 is an exploded view of Figure 7.
  • Figure 10 is an exploded view of another angle of Figure 7.
  • FIG 11 is an exploded view of another embodiment of a battery module in accordance with the present invention in which the holder of Figure 7 is employed.
  • Figure 12 is an assembled perspective view of still another embodiment of a holder in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a partial cross-sectional view of Figure 12 .
  • Figure 14 is an exploded view of Figure 12 .
  • Figure 15 is an exploded view of another angle of Figure 12 .
  • Figure 16 is an exploded view of still another embodiment of a battery module in accordance with the present invention in which the holder of Figure 12 is employed.
  • Figure 17 is a partial perspective view of an embodiment of a mounting bracket in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 18 is a partial perspective view of another embodiment of a holder in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 19 is a partial perspective view of still another embodiment of a holder in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 20 is a partial perspective view of yet another embodiment of a holder in accordance with the present invention.
  • the fixing frame 62 comprises: a frame body 621 having an enclosed inner space 6211; and at least one heat conducting plate 622 fixed.
  • the housing 621 divides the internal space 6211 of the housing 621 to form two housing portions 623 having openings 6231 on opposite sides of the housing 621 in the thickness direction.
  • the side surface 6221 of the corresponding heat transfer plate 622 constituting each of the accommodating portions 623 is formed in a bulge 6222 that is located in each of the accommodating portions 623 and that bulges in the thickness direction of the housing 621 toward the opening 6231 of each accommodating portion 623.
  • the bulge 6222 refers to a shape integrally formed by the corresponding heat conducting plate 622 from one side of the corresponding heat conducting plate 622 and convex on the opposite side surface, thereby being recessed. A portion of the buffer space for expansion of the secondary battery 61 will be formed, thereby solving the problem of the expansion force of the secondary battery 61 in the battery pack P.
  • the bulge 6222 will be crushed (for example, elastically deformed or even plastically deformed) by the pressure generated by the expansion of the secondary battery 61, preferably in accordance with the material selection of the heat conducting plate 622, using elasticity. Deformation.
  • plastic deformation is also possible within the requirements of satisfying the buffer expansion.
  • the fixing frame 62 due to the arrangement of the bulge 6222, when the fixing frame 62 is used for the battery module 6 and further used for the battery pack P, the expansion of the secondary battery can be effectively buffered, thereby eliminating the need for
  • the compressed elastic material eliminates the problems of difficult material selection, high cost, many processes, and poor precision due to the use of compressible elastic materials.
  • the elasticity of the drum pack 6222 can provide the secondary battery 61 with the initial preload force when the battery pack P is assembled.
  • the number of the heat conducting plates 622 is not limited. Specifically, regardless of the number of the heat conducting plates 622, the side faces 6221 of the heat conducting plates 622 constituting the two receiving portions 623 are only two. The two side faces 6221 may belong to the same heat conducting plate 622, or belong to two heat conducting plates 622, respectively, or belong to the outermost two heat conducting plates 622 of the plurality of heat conducting plates 622.
  • the heat conducting plates 622 are disposed in two, the thickness of each of the two heat conducting plates 622 can be thinned, so that the two heat conducting plates 622 are reduced, with only one heat conducting plate 622 being used.
  • the strength and corresponding bulge 6222 are easily deformed, and the bulging space for each bulge 6222 for expansion is increased as compared to the case where only one heat conducting plate 622 is used.
  • the heat conducting plate 622 is one, and the two side surfaces 6221 of the heat conducting plate 622 are respectively configured to form two receiving portions 623 on the two sides 6221 of the heat conducting plate 622.
  • the drum packs 6222 are alternately arranged.
  • the bulge 6222 on each side surface 6221 of the heat conducting plate 622 covers the range of the heat conducting plate 622 within the frame 621 to provide as much buffering as possible for the expansion of the secondary battery 61.
  • the bulwarls 6222 on the side faces 6221 of the corresponding heat conducting plates 622 constituting the respective receiving portions 623 may be arranged in an array as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • the tops of the bulge 6222 on each side 6221 of the heat conducting plate 622 are in the same plane.
  • each heat conducting plate 622 there are two heat conducting plates 622 , and only one side surface 6221 of each heat conducting plate 622 is used to form a receiving portion 623 .
  • the number of the drum packs 6222 of the heat conducting plates 622 can be determined according to actual conditions.
  • the bulge 6222 of each of the heat conducting plates 622 is one and is centrally disposed within the range of the heat conducting plates 622 within the frame 621.
  • the peripheral edge of the bulge 6222 of each of the heat transfer plates 622 is close to the inner circumference of the frame 621.
  • the bulge packs 6222 of the two heat conducting plates 622 are aligned.
  • the opposing bulges 6222 of the two heat conducting plates 622 are mirror symmetrical.
  • the bulge packs 6222 of each of the thermally conductive plates 622 are multiple and arranged in an array.
  • the tops of the bulwarks 6222 of the heat conducting plates 622 are preferably in the same plane.
  • each drum bag 6222 can be circular (as shown in Figures 2, 4 and 5), elliptical (as shown in Figures 7, 9 and 10), rectangular ( Figure 12, Figure 14 and Figure 15). Shown) or stepped (not shown).
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and each of the drum packs 6222 can be formed into various suitable shapes according to actual needs.
  • the thickness of the heat conducting plate 622 and the forming angle of the bulge 6222 ie, the angle between the side wall of the bulge 6222 and the side surface 6221 of the heat conducting plate 622) may be used.
  • the forming height and shape of the bulge bag 6222 are adjusted accordingly. The smaller the forming angle of the bulge bag 6222 and the higher the forming height, the better the elasticity of the bulge bag 6222, and the more advantageous the buffering of the expansion of the secondary battery 61 is.
  • each bulge 6222 is flat.
  • Each drum bag 6222 can be stamped and formed, so that the production efficiency of the heat conducting plate 622 can be greatly improved, and the existing stamping forming precision is much larger than the dimensional tolerance of the compressible elastic material (for example, silicone foam), thereby improving the battery pack.
  • the overall assembly dimensional accuracy of the P improves the dimensional accuracy of the outer contour of the final battery pack P.
  • Each of the heat conducting plates 622 can be a metal plate.
  • the metal plate can be, but is not limited to, an aluminum plate.
  • the precision of the aluminum plate stamping to form the bulge 6222 can reach ⁇ 0.05 mm, thereby improving the assembly dimensional accuracy of the battery pack P as a whole.
  • the dimensional accuracy of the outer contour of the final battery pack P is improved.
  • each of the heat transfer plates 622 has an exposed portion 6225 that is exposed outside the frame 621.
  • the exposed portion 6225 of each of the heat conducting plates 622 may be a straight plate shape (as shown in FIGS. 17 and 18), a corrugated plate shape (as shown in FIG. 19) or an arc plate shape (as shown in FIG. 20), and the latter two may be used. Increase the heat dissipation area.
  • the exposed portion 6225 of the heat transfer plate 622 is bent over the frame 621.
  • the heat conducting plates 622 are two. As shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 13 , the exposed portions 6225 of the two heat conducting plates 622 are all located on the same side of the frame 621 and are bent back opposite to the frame 621 .
  • the frame body 621 may be plastic, and the peripheral portion of each heat conducting plate 622 is embedded in the plastic (for example, by insert molding).
  • the peripheral portion of each of the heat conducting plates 622 is provided with reinforcing ribs 6223, and the reinforcing ribs 6223 are embedded in the plastic. .
  • the reinforcing ribs 6223 can increase the local strength of the heat conducting plate 622 and improve the structural strength of the fixing frame 62.
  • each of the heat conducting plates 622 is provided with a positioning hole 6224, and the plastic filling positioning hole 6224 .
  • the strength and reliability of the integrally formed frame 621 and the heat conducting plate 622 of the plastic are greatly improved, and the heat conducting plate 622 is reliably connected with the frame 621 of the plastic through the positioning hole 6224, and the heat conducting plate 622 is firmly fixed.
  • the heat conducting plates 622 are two, and the peripheral portions of the two heat conducting plates 622 are fitted together, thereby improving the two heat conducting plates. The intensity of 622 at the peripheral portion.
  • the battery module 6 includes two secondary batteries 61.
  • the battery module 6 further includes a fixing bracket 62 according to the first aspect of the present invention.
  • Each of the secondary batteries 61 is received in a corresponding receiving portion 623 and fixed to one side of the corresponding heat conducting plate 622 and contacts the corresponding bulge 6222.
  • the battery module 6 further includes an adhesive material 63 , and each of the secondary batteries 61 is bonded and fixed to one side of the corresponding heat conducting plate 622 via an adhesive material 63 and indirectly via the bonding material 63 .
  • the bonding material 63 may be a double-sided tape. Of course, it can also be used Other suitable means (for example, fixing with a tape from the outside of the secondary battery 61) fix each secondary battery 61 and directly contact each secondary battery 61 with the corresponding bulge bag 6222.
  • the secondary battery 61 may be a flexible package battery.
  • the flexible packaging battery may be a lithium ion secondary battery, a sodium ion secondary battery, or a zinc ion secondary battery.
  • a battery pack P according to the present invention includes a plurality of side by side arrangements according to the present invention.
  • the battery pack P may further include: an outer frame 1 having a top plate 11 and two side plates 12 connected to the top plate 11 and surrounding upper and left and right sides of a plurality of battery modules 6 arranged side by side, and The exposed portion 6225 of the heat conducting plate 622 of each battery module 6 is at the opening of the metal outer frame 1; at least two elastic bodies 2, one side plate 12 and at least the outermost battery modules 6 arranged side by side are sandwiched at least An elastic body 2; a wire harness spacer assembly 3 disposed in front of a plurality of battery modules 6 arranged side by side and provided with a wire harness electrically connected to the secondary battery 61 of the plurality of battery modules 6; the inner front end plate 4A is located in the wire harness isolation The front side of the plate assembly 3 is disposed on the wire harness spacer assembly 3; the outer front end plate 4B is located in front of the inner front end plate 4A and is fixedly connected to the outer frame 1; the inner rear end plate 5A is located at a plurality of battery modules 6
  • outer rear end plate 5B is located behind the inner rear end plate 5A and fixedly connected to the outer frame 1, and the inner rear end plate 5A is clamped to the outer rear end plate 5B and the frame 621 of the plurality of battery modules 6. Between the back side.
  • the outer frame 1 is made of metal, which may be, but not limited to, stainless steel.
  • Each of the elastic bodies 2 may be a silica gel foam.
  • the inner front end plate 4A is made of plastic.
  • the outer front end plate 4B is made of metal, and the metal may be, but not limited to, stainless steel.
  • the inner rear end plate 5A is made of plastic.
  • the inner rear end plate 5A is made of metal, and the metal may be, but not limited to, stainless steel.
  • the outer front end plate 4B, the outer rear end plate 5B, and the outer frame 1 are fixedly joined together by laser penetration welding to provide the battery pack with sufficient strength against external impact.
  • the battery pack P further includes: a cooling device (not shown) that contacts the exposed portion 6225 of the heat conducting plate 622 of each of the battery modules 6. Thereby, the heat generated by the secondary battery 61 during the charge and discharge cycle can be radiated outward.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种固定架、电池模块以及电池包。固定架包括：框体，具有围成的内部空间；以及至少一个导热板，固定于框体且将框体的内部空间分割以与框体一起形成具有在框体的厚度方向的相反两侧的开口的两个收容部。构成各收容部的对应导热板的侧面形成位于各收容部内且在框体的厚度方向向各收容部的开口鼓出的鼓包。电池模块包括两个二次电池以及前述固定架，各二次电池收容于对应一个收容部并固定于对应导热板的一侧且接触对应的鼓包。电池包包括并排布置的多个前述电池模块。由此，能够对二次电池的膨胀有效地进行缓冲，从而无需采用可压缩的弹性材料，并消除了因可压缩的弹性材料的使用而带来的选材难、成本高、工序多、精度差等问题。

Description

固定架、电池模块以及电池包 技术领域
本发明涉及电池领域，尤其涉及一种固定架、电池模块以及电池包。
背景技术
目前为解决电池包的二次电池的膨胀力的问题，通常需要在软包二次电池之间设置可压缩的弹性材料来为软包二次电池膨胀腾出充足的空间，但这种实现方式存在以下问题：
(1)可压缩的弹性材料选材困难，用于解决电池包膨胀力的可压缩的弹性材料需要满足以下要求①前期弹性模量大，后期弹性模量小的性能，前期弹性模量大可用于解决电池包对初始预紧力的要求，后期弹性模量小则可为软包二次电池膨胀提供足够的空间；②由于电池包外形尺寸及软包二次电池尺寸的限定，用于放置可压缩的弹性材料的空间往往各不相同，这就要求所用的可压缩的弹性材料具有多种不同的厚度以供选择；③应满足隔热及绝缘的要求。然而，目前市场上的可压缩的弹性材料通常无法同时满足以上要求，可压缩的弹性材料选材极其困难。
(2)电池包生产制造成本较高，目前可供选用的可压缩的弹性材料有HT800/HT870/BF1000等，这些可压缩的弹性材料单价昂贵，此外，在电池包生产中需要增加低效率的可压缩的弹性材料贴附工序，因而使电池包的总体成本较高。
(3)上述可压缩的弹性材料的公差一般为±0.5mm，且可压缩的弹性材料在贴附过程中会产生气泡及褶皱，由此降低了电池包整体的装配尺寸精度，进而降低了最终的电池包的外轮廓的尺寸精度。
发明内容
鉴于背景技术中存在的问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种固定架、电池模块以及电池包，其无需采用可压缩的弹性材料而能解决电池包中的二次电 池的膨胀力问题，并消除了因可压缩的弹性材料的使用而带来的选材难、成本高、工序多、精度差等问题。
为了实现上述目的，在第一方面，本发明提供了一种固定架，其包括：框体，具有围成的内部空间；以及至少一个导热板，固定于框体且将框体的内部空间分割以与框体一起形成具有在框体的厚度方向的相反两侧的开口的两个收容部。其中，构成各收容部的对应导热板的侧面形成位于各收容部内且在框体的厚度方向向各收容部的开口鼓出的鼓包。
为了实现上述目的，在第二方面，本发明提供了一种电池模块，其包括两个二次电池。其中，电池模块还包括根据本发明第一方面所述的固定架，各二次电池收容于对应一个收容部并固定于对应导热板的一侧且接触对应的鼓包。
为了实现上述目的，在第三方面，本发明提供了一种电池包，包括并排布置的多个根据本发明第二方面所述的电池模块。
本发明的有益效果如下：由于鼓包的设置，当固定架用于电池模块并进而用于电池包时，能够对二次电池的膨胀有效地进行缓冲，从而无需采用可压缩的弹性材料，并消除了因可压缩的弹性材料的使用而带来的选材难、成本高、工序多、精度差等问题。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的电池包的分解立体图，其中为了清楚起见一个电池模块与其余电池模块分离开。
图2是根据本发明的固定架的一实施例的组装立体图。
图3是图2的部分剖视图。
图4是图2的分解图。
图5是图2的另一角度的分解图。
图6是根据本发明的电池模块的一实施例的分解图，其中采用图2的固定架。
图7是根据本发明的固定架的另一实施例的组装立体图。
图8是图7的部分剖视图。
图9是图7的分解图。
图10是图7的另一角度的分解图。
图11是根据本发明的电池模块的另一实施例的分解图，其中采用图7的固定架。
图12是根据本发明的固定架的再一实施例的组装立体图。
图13是图12的部分剖视图。
图14是图12的分解图。
图15是图12的另一角度的分解图。
图16是根据本发明的电池模块的再一实施例的分解图，其中采用图12的固定架。
图17是根据本发明的固定架的一实施例的部分立体图。
图18是根据本发明的固定架的另一实施例的部分立体图。
图19是根据本发明的固定架的再一实施例的部分立体图。
图20是根据本发明的固定架的又一实施例的部分立体图。
其中，附图标记说明如下：
P电池包                              62固定架
1外框                                621框体
11顶板                               6211内部空间
12侧板                               622导热板
2弹性体                              6221侧面
3线束隔离板组件                      6222鼓包
4A内前端板                           6223加强筋
4B外前端板                           6224定位孔
5A内后端板                           6225露出部
5B外后端板                           623收容部
6电池模块                            6231开口
61二次电池                           63粘接材料
具体实施方式
下面参照附图来详细说明根据本发明的固定架、电池模块以及电池包。
首先说明根据本发明第一方面的固定架。
如图2至图5、图7至图10、图12至图15所示，根据本发明的固定架62包括：框体621，具有围成的内部空间6211；以及至少一个导热板622，固定于框体621且将框体621的内部空间6211分割以与框体621一起形成具有在框体621的厚度方向的相反两侧的开口6231的两个收容部623。其中，构成各收容部623的对应导热板622的侧面6221形成位于各收容部623内且在框体621的厚度方向向各收容部623的开口6231鼓出的鼓包6222。
在根据本发明的固定架62中，鼓包6222指的是由对应导热板622一体形成的从对应导热板622的一侧面凹入而在相反的另一侧面凸出的形状，由此凹入的部分将形成用于二次电池61的膨胀的缓冲空间，从而解决电池包P中的二次电池61的膨胀力问题。换句话说，在二次电池61膨胀时，鼓包6222将受到二次电池61的膨胀所产生的压力而被压扁(例如弹性变形或甚至塑性变形，优选依据导热板622的材料选择，采用弹性变形。当然在满足缓冲膨胀的要求内，塑性变形也可)。
在根据本发明的固定架62中，由于鼓包6222的设置，当固定架62用于电池模块6并进而用于电池包P时，能够对二次电池的膨胀有效地进行缓冲，从而无需采用可压缩的弹性材料，并消除了因可压缩的弹性材料的使用而带来的选材难、成本高、工序多、精度差等问题。此外，当固定架62用于电池模块6并进而用于电池包P时，鼓包6222的弹性能够为二次电池61提供电池包P组装时的初始预紧力。
在根据本发明的固定架62中，导热板622的数量不受限制，具体地，无论采用导热板622的数量如何，构成两个收容部623的导热板622的侧面6221仅为两个，这两个侧面6221可以属于同一个导热板622，或者分别属于两个导热板622，或者分别属于多个导热板622中的处于最外侧的两个导热板622。当导热板622设置为两个时，相对仅采用一个导热板622而言，在总厚度相同的情况下，使得两个导热板622的各自的厚度可减薄，从而降低了两个导热板622的强度且相应的鼓包6222易于变形，各鼓包6222用于膨胀的缓冲空间相比仅采用一个导热板622的情况增大。
在一实施例中，如图2至图5所示，导热板622为一个，导热板622的两侧面6221分别用于构成两个收容部623，导热板622的两侧面6221上的 鼓包6222交替布置。优选地，导热板622的各侧面6221上的鼓包6222布满导热板622的处于框体621内的范围，以为二次电池61的膨胀提供尽可能大的缓冲。构成各收容部623的对应导热板622的侧面6221上的鼓包6222可以以阵列排布，如图4和图5所示。为了提供缓冲的一致性，导热板622的各侧面6221上的鼓包6222的顶部处于同一平面。
在另一实施例中，如图7至图10以及图12至图15所示，导热板622为两个，且各导热板622的仅一个侧面6221用于构成一个收容部623。各导热板622的鼓包6222的数量可以依据实际情况确定。如图9、图10以及图14和图15所示，各导热板622的鼓包6222为一个且在各导热板622的处于框体621内的范围内居中布置。各导热板622的鼓包6222的周缘靠近框体621的内周。优选地，两个导热板622的鼓包6222对齐。进一步优选地，两个导热板622的相对的鼓包6222呈镜像对称。在未示出的替代实施例中，各导热板622的鼓包6222为多个且以阵列排布。同样地，各导热板622的鼓包6222的顶部优选处于同一平面。
各鼓包6222的形状可为圆形(如图2、图4和图5所示)、椭圆形(如图7、图9和图10所示)、矩形(如图12、图14和图15所示)或阶梯形(未示出)。但本发明不限于此，各鼓包6222可以根据实际需要形成为各种合适的形状。此外，针对实际使用的二次电池61对缓冲膨胀的不同要求，可以对导热板622的厚度、鼓包6222的成型角度(即鼓包6222的侧壁与导热板622的侧面6221之间的夹角)、鼓包6222的成型高度及形状进行相应的调整，鼓包6222的成型角度越小、成型高度越高，鼓包6222的弹性越好，对二次电池61膨胀的缓冲越有利。
为了降低提供缓冲时的局部应力集中，优选地，各鼓包6222的顶部为平的。
各鼓包6222可冲压成型，从而可以极大地提高导热板622的生产效率，同时现有的冲压成型精度要远远大于可压缩的弹性材料(例如硅胶泡棉)的尺寸公差，从而能提高电池包P整体的装配尺寸精度，提高了最终的电池包P的外轮廓的尺寸精度。
各导热板622可为金属板。金属板可为但不限于铝板。铝板冲压形成鼓包6222的精度可以达到±0.05mm，进而能提高电池包P整体的装配尺寸精度， 提高了最终的电池包P的外轮廓的尺寸精度。
为了提高散热性能，如图2至图5、图7至图10、图12至图15所示，各导热板622具有露出框体621外的露出部6225。各导热板622的露出部6225可为直板形(如图17和图18所示)、波纹板形(如图19所示)或弧板形(如图20所示)，采用后两者可以增加散热面积。
为了控制露出部6225占用的空间，如图2、图3、图7、图8、图12以及图13所示，导热板622的露出部6225弯折在框体621上。在一实施例中，导热板622为两个，如图8和图13所示，两个导热板622的露出部6225均位于框体621的同一侧且相背地弯折在框体621上。
为了有效地固定导热板622，框体621可为塑胶，各导热板622的周缘部埋设于塑胶(例如通过嵌件模制成型)中。为了增强对导热板622的固定，如图4、图5、图9、图10、图14以及图15所示，各导热板622的周缘部设置有加强筋6223，加强筋6223埋设于塑胶中。加强筋6223可以提高导热板622局部的强度，提高固定架62的结构强度。此外，为了增强对导热板622的固定，如图4、图5、图9、图10、图14以及图15所示，各导热板622的周缘部设置有定位孔6224，塑胶填充定位孔6224。由此，极大地提高了塑胶的框体621与导热板622两者一体成型的强度及可靠性，而且导热板622通过定位孔6224与塑胶的框体621形成可靠连接，并将导热板622牢牢地定位在塑胶的框体621的指定位置。在一实施例中，为了提高导热板622的强度，如图8和图13所示，导热板622为两个，且两个导热板622的周缘部贴合在一起，从而提高两个导热板622在周缘部处的强度。
其次说明根据本发明第二方面的电池模块。
参照图6、图11、图16并结合图2至图5、图7至图10、图12至图15，根据本发明的电池模块6包括两个二次电池61。其中，电池模块6还包括根据本发明第一方面所述的固定架62，各二次电池61收容于对应一个收容部623并固定于对应导热板622的一侧且接触对应的鼓包6222。
如图6、图11以及图16所示，电池模块6还包括粘接材料63，各二次电池61经由粘接材料63粘接固定于对应导热板622的一侧并经由粘接材料63间接接触对应的鼓包6222。粘接材料63可为双面胶带。当然也可以采用 其他合适的手段(例如从二次电池61的外部用胶带固定)固定各二次电池61并使各二次电池61直接接触对应的鼓包6222。
二次电池61可为软包装电池。软包装电池可为锂离子二次电池、钠离子二次电池或锌离子二次电池。
最后说明根据本发明第三方面的电池包。
参照图1并结合图6、图11、图16并结合图2至图5、图7至图10、图12至图15，根据本发明面的电池包P包括并排布置的多个根据本发明第二方面所述的电池模块6。
如图1所示，电池包P还可包括：外框1，具有顶板11和与顶板11连接的两个侧板12且包围并排布置的多个电池模块6的上侧和左右两侧，且各电池模块6的导热板622的露出部6225处于金属外框1的敞口处；至少两个弹性体2，一个侧板12和处于并排布置的最外侧的电池模块6之间夹设有至少一个弹性体2；线束隔离板组件3，设置于并排布置的多个电池模块6的前方并设置有电连接于多个电池模块6的二次电池61的线束；内前端板4A，位于线束隔离板组件3的前方并设置于线束隔离板组件3上；外前端板4B，位于内前端板4A的前方并固定连接于外框1；内后端板5A，位于并排布置的多个电池模块6的后方；以及外后端板5B，位于内后端板5A的后方并固定连接于外框1，内后端板5A夹持在外后端板5B和所述多个电池模块6的框体621的后侧之间。
外框1由金属制成，金属可为但不限于不锈钢。各弹性体2可为硅胶泡棉。内前端板4A由塑胶制成。外前端板4B由金属制成，金属可为但不限于不锈钢。内后端板5A由塑胶制成。内后端板5A由金属制成，金属可为但不限于不锈钢。
外前端板4B、外后端板5B以及外框1通过激光熔透焊固定连接在一起，以为电池包提供抵抗外部冲击的足够的强度。
在一实施例中，电池包P还包括：冷却装置(未示出)，接触各电池模块6的导热板622的露出部6225。由此可向外散出二次电池61在充放电循环过程中产生的热量。

Claims (28)

  1. 一种固定架(62)，包括：
    框体(621)，具有围成的内部空间(6211)；以及
    至少一个导热板(622)，固定于框体(621)且将框体(621)的内部空间(6211)分割以与框体(621)一起形成具有在框体(621)的厚度方向的相反两侧的开口(6231)的两个收容部(623)；
    其特征在于，构成各收容部(623)的对应导热板(622)的侧面(6221)形成位于各收容部(623)内且在框体(621)的厚度方向向各收容部(623)的开口(6231)鼓出的鼓包(6222)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的固定架(62)，其特征在于，导热板(622)为一个，导热板(622)的两侧面(6221)分别用于构成两个收容部(623)，导热板(622)的两侧面(6221)上的鼓包(6222)交替布置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的固定架(62)，其特征在于，导热板(622)的各侧面(6221)上的鼓包(6222)布满导热板(622)的处于框体(621)内的范围。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的固定架(62)，其特征在于，构成各收容部(623)的对应导热板(622)的侧面(6221)上的鼓包(6222)以阵列排布。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的固定架(62)，其特征在于，导热板(622)的各侧面(6221)上的鼓包(6222)的顶部处于同一平面。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的固定架(62)，其特征在于，导热板(622)为两个，且各导热板(622)的仅一个侧面(6221)用于构成一个收容部(623)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的固定架(62)，其特征在于，各导热板(622)的鼓包(6222)为一个且在各导热板(622)的处于框体(621)内的范围内 居中布置。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的固定架(62)，其特征在于，各导热板(622)的鼓包(6222)的周缘靠近框体(621)的内周。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的固定架(62)，其特征在于，两个导热板(622)的鼓包(6222)对齐。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的固定架(62)，其特征在于，两个导热板(622)的相对的鼓包(6222)呈镜像对称。
  11. 根据权利要求6所述的固定架(62)，其特征在于，各导热板(622)的鼓包(6222)为多个且以阵列排布。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的固定架(62)，其特征在于，各导热板(622)的鼓包(6222)的顶部处于同一平面。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的固定架(62)，其特征在于，各鼓包(6222)的形状为圆形、椭圆形、矩形或阶梯形。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的固定架(62)，其特征在于，各鼓包(6222)的顶部为平的。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的固定架(62)，其特征在于，各鼓包(6222)冲压成型。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的固定架(62)，其特征在于，各导热板(622)为金属板。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的固定架(62)，其特征在于，各导热板(622) 具有露出框体(621)外的露出部(6225)。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的固定架(62)，其特征在于，各导热板(622)的露出部(6225)为直板形、波纹板形或弧板形。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的固定架(62)，其特征在于，各导热板(622)的露出部(6225)弯折在框体(621)上。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的固定架(62)，其特征在于，各导热板(622)为两个，两个导热板(622)的露出部(6225)均位于框体(621)的同一侧且相背地弯折在框体(621)上。
  21. 根据权利要求1所述的固定架(62)，其特征在于，框体(621)为塑胶，各导热板(622)的周缘部埋设于塑胶中。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的固定架(62)，其特征在于，各导热板(622)的周缘部设置有加强筋(6223)，加强筋(6223)埋设于塑胶中。
  23. 根据权利要求21所述的固定架(62)，其特征在于，各导热板(622)的周缘部设置有定位孔(6224)，塑胶填充定位孔(6224)。
  24. 根据权利要求21所述的固定架(62)，其特征在于，导热板(622)为两个，且两个导热板(622)的周缘部贴合在一起。
  25. 一种电池模块(6)，包括两个二次电池(61)，其特征在于，电池模块(6)还包括根据权利要求1-24中任一项所述的固定架(62)，各二次电池(61)收容于对应一个收容部(623)并固定于对应导热板(622)的一侧且接触对应的鼓包(6222)。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的电池模块(6)，其特征在于，电池模块(6) 还包括粘接材料(63)，各二次电池(61)经由粘接材料(63)粘接固定于对应导热板(622)的一侧并经由粘接材料(63)间接接触对应的鼓包(6222)。
  27. 根据权利要求25所述的电池模块(6)，其特征在于，二次电池(61)为软包装电池。
  28. 一种电池包(P)，其特征在于，包括并排布置的多个根据权利要求25-27中任一项所述的电池模块(6)。
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