WO2018170836A1 - 一种通信配置方法、光线路终端以及光网络单元 - Google Patents

一种通信配置方法、光线路终端以及光网络单元 Download PDF

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WO2018170836A1
WO2018170836A1 PCT/CN2017/077875 CN2017077875W WO2018170836A1 WO 2018170836 A1 WO2018170836 A1 WO 2018170836A1 CN 2017077875 W CN2017077875 W CN 2017077875W WO 2018170836 A1 WO2018170836 A1 WO 2018170836A1
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onu
olt
wireless network
network device
request message
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PCT/CN2017/077875
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English (en)
French (fr)
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彭桂开
隋猛
聂世玮
殷锦蓉
赵殿博
林华枫
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2017/077875 priority Critical patent/WO2018170836A1/zh
Publication of WO2018170836A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018170836A1/zh

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  • the present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a communication configuration method, an optical line terminal, and an optical network unit.
  • TDM-PON time division multiplexing-passive optical network
  • OLT optical line termination
  • the OLT At the time of registration, the OLT first opens a quiet window of 250 microseconds ( ⁇ s), and the OLT periodically broadcasts a registration request message. The ONU just after power-on (or after reset) will respond to the registration request message. The OLT informs itself of the serial number and causes the already ONO to pause sending data in the silent window. In the registration phase, it is also necessary to accurately measure the distance from the OLT to the ONU. In the ranging, it is also necessary to open a silent window of 202 ⁇ s to allow other ONUs to suspend transmission of data.
  • the OLT starts the silent window to search for the ONU to be registered, which causes the registered ONU to suspend the execution of the service, resulting in an increase in service time.
  • the service has strict delay requirements, such as mobile forwarding, virtual reality services, etc., the above silent window will transmit the terminal service, which may not meet the low latency requirement of the mobile preamble.
  • the present application provides a communication configuration method, an OLT, and an ONU, which can reduce the service delay caused by other ONUs when the first ONU is registered.
  • the first aspect provides a communication configuration method, the communication system applied by the method includes an OLT, a first ONU, and a wireless network device, and the OLT communicates with the first ONU through the wireless network device.
  • the method includes: the OLT transmitting an ONU serial number request message to the first ONU through the wireless network device; receiving, by the wireless network device, the ONU serial number sent by the first ONU, and assigning the ONU identifier to the first ONU according to the ONU serial number.
  • the ONU serial number request message is used to indicate that the ONU to be registered sends the ONU serial number.
  • the OLT does not send the ONU serial number request through the optical fiber link, and does not receive the ONU serial number through the optical fiber link, so there is no need to suspend the services of other ONUs, thereby solving the problem of setting the silent window during the process of assigning the ONU identifier.
  • the problem of ONU service delay is not incurred in the OLT.
  • the OLT sends the message including the ONU identifier to the first ONU by using the wireless network device.
  • the first ONU can use the ONU identifier to perform optical communication configuration.
  • the present application provides a feasible method of transmitting an ONU identifier.
  • the OLT is connected to the first ONU through a fiber link.
  • the method further includes: the OLT transmitting, by using the optical link, the message including the ONU identifier to the first ONU. It can be seen that the present application also provides another method for transmitting an ONU identifier, and the implementation of the scheme is more flexible.
  • the second aspect provides a communication configuration method, where the communication system includes an OLT, an ONU, and a wireless network device, and the OLT communicates with the first ONU through the wireless network device, and the method includes: the first ONU receives the OLT transmission through the wireless network device.
  • the first ONU receives, by using the wireless network device, a message that is sent by the OLT, including the ONU identifier, and sets an optical communication identifier according to the ONU identifier.
  • the third aspect provides a communication configuration method, where the communication system includes an OLT, an ONU, and a wireless network device.
  • the OLT communicates with the first ONU through the wireless network device, and the OLT communicates with the first ONU through the optical fiber link.
  • the method includes: the OLT sends a first ranging request message to the first ONU through the optical fiber link according to the unicast mode; the first ranging response information sent by the OLT is received by the wireless network device, and the first ranging response information is determined according to the first ranging response information.
  • a balanced delay is used to obtain distance related information between the OLT and the ONU, such as a line propagation delay, an ONU response time, or a round trip delay.
  • the OLT sends the first ranging request message to the first ONU by using the unicast mode, and the first ONU can send the first ranging response information to the OLT through the wireless network device, and the services of other ONUs on the optical fiber link. Not affected.
  • the determining, by the OLT, the first equalization delay according to the first ranging response information may be: determining, by the OLT, the uplink propagation delay according to the downlink propagation delay, according to the downlink propagation delay, the ONU The response time and the uplink propagation delay determine the round-trip delay, and the first equalization delay is determined according to the round-trip delay.
  • the first ranging response information includes a downlink propagation delay and an ONU response time.
  • the downlink propagation delay refers to the duration used by the OLT to send information to the ONU through the fiber link.
  • the uplink propagation delay refers to the duration used by the ONU to send information to the OLT through the fiber link.
  • the ONU response time refers to the request from the ranging request.
  • determining, by the OLT, the first equalization delay according to the first ranging response information includes: determining, by the OLT, the first equalization delay according to the round-trip delay.
  • the first ranging response information includes a round trip delay.
  • the OLT before the OLT sends the ranging request message to the first ONU through the optical fiber link in the unicast mode, the OLT performs time synchronization with the first ONU by using the global positioning system GPS. .
  • the time error precision of the OLT and the first ONU is nanosecond, and the accuracy of the calculated first equalization delay can meet the measurement accuracy requirement of the TDM-PON.
  • the OLT after determining the first equalization delay according to the ranging response information, acquires a sending moment of the second ranging request message according to the sending moment of the second ranging request message. And determining, by the first ranging response information, the first equalization delay and the time calibration error, the silent window and the target time period; then, the OLT broadcasts the silent indication, and sends the second ranging request message to the first ONU according to the unicast manner to avoid The OLT receives data sent by other ONUs in the target time period; receives the second ranging response sent by the first ONU through the fiber link in the target time period. After the information, the OLT determines a second equalization delay according to the second ranging response information.
  • the size of the silence window corresponds to twice the time calibration error
  • the time calibration error is the error between the time acquired from the time server and the real time
  • the silence indication is used to indicate that other ONUs pause to send data in the silent window
  • other ONUs are Refers to an ONU that communicates with the OLT in addition to the first ONU.
  • the accuracy of the second equalization delay obtained by the two measurements can satisfy the measurement accuracy requirement of the TDM-PON.
  • the present application provides another specific solution for determining the precise equalization delay of the ONU.
  • the size of the silent window is related to the time calibration error. Since the time calibration error is small, the silent window of the present application is much smaller than the prior art silent window, so that the service delay caused by the first ONU registration to other ONUs can be effectively reduced.
  • the fourth aspect provides a communication configuration method, where the communication system includes an OLT, an ONU, and a wireless network device.
  • the OLT communicates with the first ONU through the wireless network device, and the OLT communicates with the first ONU through the optical fiber link.
  • the method includes: the first ONU receives the first ranging request message sent by the OLT through the optical fiber link, generates the first ranging response information in response to the first ranging request message, and sends the first ranging response information to the wireless network device to OLT.
  • the OLT sends the first ranging request message to the first ONU in a unicast manner, and the first ONU can send the first ranging response information to the OLT through the wireless network device, and the services of other ONUs on the optical fiber link are not Affected.
  • the first ONU before the first ONU receives the first ranging request message sent by the OLT through the optical fiber link, uses the global positioning system (GPS) to perform time synchronization with the OLT.
  • GPS global positioning system
  • the time error precision of the OLT and the first ONU is nanosecond, and the accuracy of the calculated first equalization delay can meet the measurement accuracy requirement of the TDM-PON.
  • the first ONU after the first ONU sends the first ranging response information to the OLT by using the wireless network device, the first ONU receives the first sent by the OLT.
  • the second ranging request message acquires the second ranging response information according to the second ranging request message, and sends the second ranging response information to the OLT through the optical fiber link.
  • the present application can obtain accurate second ranging response information by using two measurements, and the OLT can obtain an accurate equalization delay according to the second ranging response information, thereby allocating an uplink time slot for the first ONU.
  • the fifth aspect provides a communication configuration method, where the communication system includes an OLT, an ONU, and a wireless network device.
  • the OLT communicates with the first ONU through the wireless network device, and the OLT communicates with the first ONU through the optical fiber link.
  • the method includes: the OLT searches for a fiber distance between the OLT and the first ONU from the fiber database; determines a first round trip delay according to the fiber distance, and determines a first equalization delay according to the first round trip delay, according to the first round trip time
  • the delay, the first equalization delay, and the preset time measurement error set the silence window and the target time period; broadcast the silent indication, and send the ranging request message to the first ONU according to the unicast mode to prevent the OLT from receiving other ONU transmissions in the target time period.
  • the size of the silent window corresponds to twice the preset time measurement error
  • the silent indication is used to indicate that other ONUs pause to send data in the silent window
  • the other ONUs refer to the ONU that communicates with the OLT except the first ONU.
  • the size of the silent window set in this application is related to the time measurement error. Since the time measurement error is small, the silent window of the present application is much smaller than the silent window of the prior art, so that the first ONU registration can be effectively reduced. Business delays caused by other ONUs.
  • a sixth aspect provides an OLT having functionality to implement an OLT in a possible implementation of the first aspect or the first aspect.
  • the function may be implemented by hardware or by executing corresponding software by hardware, and the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions.
  • a seventh aspect provides an ONU having a function of implementing a first ONU in a possible implementation of the second aspect or the second aspect.
  • the function may be implemented by hardware time or by executing corresponding software through hardware, and the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions.
  • the eighth aspect provides an OLT having a function of implementing an OLT in a possible implementation of the third aspect or the third aspect.
  • the function may be implemented by hardware or by executing corresponding software by hardware, and the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions.
  • a ninth aspect provides an ONU having the function of implementing a first ONU in a possible implementation of the fourth aspect or the fourth aspect.
  • the function may be implemented by hardware or by executing corresponding software by hardware, and the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions.
  • a tenth aspect provides an OLT having the function of implementing an OLT in a possible implementation of the fifth aspect or the fifth aspect.
  • the function may be implemented by hardware or by executing corresponding software by hardware, and the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions.
  • the eleventh aspect provides a communication system including an OLT, a wireless network device, and an ONU.
  • the OLT communicates with the wireless network device through a wireless network interface
  • the wireless network device communicates with the ONU through a wireless network interface
  • the OLT communicates with the ONU through an optical network interface.
  • the OLT has the function of implementing the OLT as described in the above aspects
  • the ONU has the function of implementing the first ONU as described in the above aspects.
  • Another aspect of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium comprising instructions which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method as described in the above aspects.
  • Another aspect of the present application provides a computer program product comprising instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method as described in the various aspects above.
  • the OLT sends an ONU serial number request message to the ONU to be registered through the wireless network device, and the ONU sends the ONU serial number to the OLT through the wireless network device, and the OLT assigns the ONU identifier to the ONU according to the ONU serial number. Therefore, the present application can transmit the ONU serial number and the OLT identifier by using the existing wireless network device, and does not need to use the optical fiber transmission, so there is no need to set a silent window, which does not affect other ONUs to perform business processes, thereby reducing the first ONU registration.
  • the service delay caused by other ONUs improves the efficiency of TDM-PON system processing services.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an OLT according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an ONU according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a communication configuration method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is another schematic flowchart of a communication configuration method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is another schematic flowchart of a communication configuration method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is another schematic flowchart of a communication configuration method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is another schematic flowchart of a communication configuration method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is another schematic structural diagram of an OLT according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is another schematic structural diagram of an ONU according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is another schematic structural diagram of an OLT according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is another schematic structural diagram of an ONU according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a communication configuration method according to the present application.
  • the communication system includes an OLT 101, an optical distribution network (ODN) 102, an ONU 103, and a wireless network device 104.
  • the wireless network device 104 and the OLT 101 can be respectively connected to an external network such as the Internet, a Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), or the like.
  • PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
  • OLT OLT
  • ODN ODN
  • ONU ODN
  • UNI user networks interface
  • CPE customer premises equipment
  • the ONU can be connected to an xDSL (such as an asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL), a very high speed digital subscriber line (VDSL), or an Ethernet interface conversion device, and then The conversion device is connected to the CPE.
  • xDSL such as an asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL), a very high speed digital subscriber line (VDSL), or an Ethernet interface conversion device, and then The conversion device is connected to the CPE.
  • ADSL asymmetric digital subscriber line
  • VDSL very high speed digital subscriber line
  • Ethernet interface conversion device Ethernet interface conversion device
  • the OLT to the ONU is called the downlink
  • the ONU to the OLT is the uplink.
  • the OLT assembles the downlink services that are sent to the ONUs into frames, and sends them to multiple ONUs in a broadcast manner. That is, the optical splitters are divided into N independent signals, and each signal contains frames sent to all specific ONUs. Each ONU extracts only the frames sent to itself and discards the frames of other ONUs.
  • the uplink data from each ONU to the OLT is transmitted through a time division multiple access (TDMA) shared channel, and the OLT allocates one transmission slot for each ONU. These time slots are synchronized, so when a data packet is coupled into a fiber, no collisions occur between packets of different ONUs.
  • TDMA time division multiple access
  • the ONU integrates functions compatible with wireless network devices, and the ONU can communicate with wireless network devices through a wireless network interface.
  • an ONU configured with a Long Term Evolution (LTE) dongle can communicate with a wireless network device.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • the OLT can communicate with wireless network devices through a wired network interface.
  • the OLT and the wireless network device can establish a communication connection through a bonding access gateway (BGW).
  • BGW bonding access gateway
  • the OLT communicates directly with the wireless network device.
  • the wireless network device may be an evolved Node B (eNB) or a relay station or the like.
  • eNB evolved Node B
  • the connection relationship may be configured according to the location information of the OLT and the wireless network device, for example, the OLT with the similar address and the wireless network device establish a connection relationship.
  • the OLT includes an optical network interface 201, a controller 202, and a wired network connection. Port 203 and memory 204, the above components communicate via a bus connection.
  • the number of optical network interfaces 201, controller 202, wired network interface 203, and memory 204 may be one or more. It can be understood that the OLT also includes other components such as a power source.
  • the optical network interface 201 is configured to receive uplink data sent by the ONU, or send downlink data to the ONU.
  • the controller 202 is configured to provide OLT management and control, and provide an addressing and channel access control mechanism for the OLT.
  • a wired network interface 203 is configured to communicate with the wireless network device.
  • the memory 204 can be a flash memory or a random access memory (RAM), and can be other types of dynamic storage devices that can store information and instructions.
  • RAM random access memory
  • the memory 204 is used to store application code that implements the method provided by the present application and is executed by the controller 202.
  • the controller 202 implements the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention by executing the application code stored in the memory 204.
  • the ONU includes an optical network interface 301, a controller 302, a wireless network interface 303, and a memory 304.
  • the above components communicate through a bus connection.
  • the number of optical network interfaces 301, controller 302, wireless network interface 303, and memory 304 may be one or more. It can be understood that the ONU also includes other components such as a power source.
  • the optical network interface 301 is configured to receive downlink data sent by the OLT or send uplink data to the OLT.
  • the controller 302 is configured to provide ONU management and control, and provide an addressing and channel access control mechanism for the ONU.
  • the wireless network interface 303 is configured to communicate with the wireless network device.
  • the memory 304 can be a flash memory or a random access memory (RAM), and can be other types of dynamic storage devices that can store information and instructions.
  • RAM random access memory
  • the memory 304 is used to store application code that implements the method provided by the present application and is executed by the controller 302.
  • the controller 302 implements the solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention by executing the application code stored in the memory 304.
  • an embodiment of the communication configuration method in the embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • Step 401 The OLT sends an ONU serial number request message to the wireless network device.
  • the ONU serial number is a unique device number set for each ONU device when the ONU device is manufactured.
  • the OLT can send an ONU serial number request message in the form of an IP packet to the wireless network device through the wired network interface, and is used to indicate that the ONU to be registered sends the ONU serial number.
  • Step 402 The wireless network device forwards the ONU serial number request message to the first ONU.
  • Step 403 The first ONU sends an ONU serial number to the wireless network device.
  • the wireless network device takes a base station as an example, and the base station broadcasts an ONU serial number request message in the cell, and searches for an ONU to be registered (such as a newly powered ONU or a reset ONU).
  • the ONU to be registered takes the first ONU as an example.
  • the first ONU responds to the ONU serial number request message, and can obtain its own ONU serial number, and sends the ONU serial number to the wireless network device.
  • the ONU registered in the cell can ignore the ONU serial number request message.
  • Step 404 The wireless network device forwards the ONU serial number to the OLT.
  • Step 405 After receiving the ONU serial number sent by the wireless network device, the OLT is the first ONU according to the ONU serial number. Assign the ONU ID.
  • the ONU identifier is also referred to as an ONU ID as a unique identifier that identifies the first ONU during optical communication.
  • the OLT can search for the ONU to be registered by using the existing wireless network device, and does not need to use the optical network broadcast to search for the ONU to be registered. Therefore, the ONU serial number can be obtained without setting a silent window, and the ONU identifier is assigned to the ONU. It can be seen that the application does not need to suspend the services of other ONUs, and can solve the problem that the silent window is set to delay other ONU services during the process of allocating the ONU identifier.
  • the method further includes: the OLT sending the message including the ONU identifier to the first ONU by using the wireless network device, where the first ONU is set according to the ONU identifier.
  • the message including the ONU identifier is sent by the OLT to the wireless network device, and then forwarded by the wireless network device to the first ONU.
  • the first ONU sets the optical communication identifier using the ONU identifier, and then uses the ONU identifier to perform optical communication with the OLT.
  • the method further includes: the OLT sending the message including the ONU identifier to the first ONU by using a fiber link, where the first ONU is identified by the ONU.
  • Set the optical communication ID Specifically, the OLT is pre-configured with a correspondence between the ONU serial number and the optical fiber link. The OLT can determine the fiber link corresponding to the first ONU according to the ONU serial number, and then send the message including the ONU identifier to the first ONU through the fiber link according to the unicast mode. The first ONU sets the optical communication identifier using the ONU identifier, and then uses the ONU identifier to perform optical communication with the OLT.
  • FIG. 5 another embodiment of a communication configuration method in an embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • Step 501 The OLT sends a first ranging request message to the first ONU through the optical fiber link according to the unicast mode.
  • Step 502 The first ONU responds to the first ranging request message to generate first ranging response information.
  • Step 503 The first ONU sends the first ranging response information to the wireless network device.
  • the first ranging request message carries the sending moment of the first ranging request message, and when the first ONU receives the first ranging request message, the receiving moment of the first ranging request message may be determined.
  • Step 504 The wireless network device forwards the first ranging response information to the OLT.
  • Step 505 The OLT determines a first equalization delay according to the first ranging response information.
  • each ONU In order to ensure that data from different ONUs are aligned at the boundary of the same uplink data frame, each ONU must delay the transmission of the uplink data beyond the normal response time. The extra time exceeding the normal response time is called the equalization delay of the ONU. ), referred to as EqD for short.
  • EqD equalization delay of the ONU.
  • the OLT After determining the first equalization time slot, the OLT sends the first equalization delay to the first ONU.
  • the first ONU sets the uplink time slot by using the first equalization delay, and sends data to the OLT in the uplink time slot in the burst mode. It should be noted that when the uplink time slot of the first ONU is offset, the OLT may adjust or issue an alarm according to whether the offset exceeds the threshold.
  • This embodiment provides a path for the two OLTs to communicate with the ONU.
  • the first communication path is a fiber link between the OLT and the ONU
  • the second communication path is a wireless link between the OLT, the wireless network device, and the ONU.
  • the OLT sends a first ranging request message to the first ONU in a unicast manner, and the first ONU can pass the first ranging response information through
  • the line network device sends the OLT to the OLT.
  • the services of other ONUs on the fiber link are not affected. It can be seen that the application does not need to suspend the services of other ONUs, thereby solving the problem that setting the silent window in the existing ranging process causes the delay of other ONU services.
  • the wireless link can provide additional bandwidth to the user.
  • the wireless link can also serve as a protection link to ensure that the OLT maintains a communication connection with the ONU.
  • the OLT can determine the first equalization delay according to various manners. The following is a detailed introduction:
  • the first ranging response information includes a downlink propagation delay and an ONU response time
  • Step 505 specifically: the OLT determines the uplink propagation delay according to the downlink propagation delay, determines the round-trip delay according to the downlink propagation delay, the ONU response time, and the uplink propagation delay, and determines the first equalization delay according to the round-trip delay.
  • the downlink propagation delay refers to the duration used by the OLT to send information to the ONU through the optical fiber link
  • the uplink propagation delay refers to the duration used by the ONU to send information to the OLT through the optical link.
  • the ONU response time refers to The length of time from the reception time of the ranging request message to the transmission timing of the feedback ranging response information.
  • the first ranging request message carries a transmission time, and the transmission time is recorded as t1.
  • the first ONU may determine the reception time of the first ranging request message, and the reception time is recorded as t2.
  • the ONU response time is RspTime, and the ONU can carry Delay_d and RspTime in the first ranging response information.
  • the uplink propagation delay is recorded as Delay_u
  • the refractive index of the downstream wavelength in the optical fiber is recorded as n_d
  • the refractive index of the upstream wavelength in the optical fiber is recorded as n_u.
  • the step 502 may be: determining, by the first ONU, the downlink propagation delay according to the sending time and the receiving time, determining the uplink propagation delay according to the downlink propagation delay, and determining the round-trip delay according to the downlink propagation delay, the ONU response time, and the uplink propagation delay. Generating first ranging response information including a round trip delay;
  • Step 505 specifically: the OLT determines the first equalization delay according to the round-trip delay.
  • the transmission time, the reception time, and the ONU response time can be referred to the previous embodiment.
  • the first ONU calculates the downlink propagation delay, the uplink propagation delay, and the round-trip delay.
  • the OLT calculates the downlink propagation delay, the uplink propagation delay, and the round-trip delay in the previous embodiment, and details are not described herein.
  • the first ONU may carry the RTD in the first ranging response information, and may also carry the Delay_d, Delay_u, and RspTime in the first ranging response information.
  • the step 502 may be: determining, by the first ONU, the downlink propagation delay according to the sending time and the receiving time, and calculating the length of the optical fiber according to the downlink wavelength and the downlink propagation delay, and generating the first ranging response information including the length of the optical fiber;
  • Step 504 may be specifically: the OLT calculates an uplink propagation delay according to a fiber length, an uplink wavelength, and an upward wavelength of the uplink wavelength in the optical fiber, and then determines a round-trip delay according to the downlink propagation delay, the uplink propagation delay, and the ONU response time, according to the round-trip delay. The delay determines the first equalization delay.
  • the transmission time and the reception time are as described in the above embodiments.
  • the length of the fiber is L
  • the speed of light in vacuum is recorded as c
  • the index of the upstream wavelength in the fiber is recorded as n_u.
  • the calculated equalization delay accuracy is different.
  • the present application provides various communication configuration methods. The details will be described below by way of specific examples.
  • FIG. 6 another embodiment of a communication configuration method in an embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • Step 601 The OLT performs time synchronization with the first ONU by using a Global Positioning System (GPS).
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • the communication system further includes a GPS.
  • Both the OLT and the ONU are equipped with a GPS module that can capture standard time from GPS.
  • the OLT and the ONU can use GPS to perform time synchronization. After time synchronization, the time error accuracy of the two devices is on the order of nanoseconds, which can meet the measurement accuracy requirements of TDM-PON.
  • the OLT acquires the sending moment of the first ranging request message according to the standard time provided by the GPS, and carries the sending moment in the first ranging request message.
  • Step 602 The OLT sends a first ranging request message to the first ONU through the optical fiber link according to the unicast mode.
  • Step 603 The first ONU responds to the first ranging request message to generate first ranging response information.
  • Step 604 The first ONU sends the first ranging response information to the wireless network device.
  • Step 605 The OLT receives the first ranging response information sent by the wireless network device.
  • Step 606 The OLT determines a first equalization delay according to the first ranging response information.
  • Steps 603 to 606 are similar to steps 502 to 505, and are not described herein again.
  • the OLT and the ONU can perform high-precision time synchronization through the GPS. After obtaining the accurate transmission time and the receiving time, the accurate round-trip delay and the equalization delay can be further calculated, so that the uplink can be accurately allocated. Gap.
  • the ONU passes the wireless link instead of the fiber link, and does not need to set a silent window during the ranging process, thereby reducing the service delay caused by the silent window to other ONUs.
  • another embodiment of a communication configuration method in an embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • Step 701 The OLT performs time synchronization with the wireless network device by using a Precision Time Protocol (PTP), and the wireless network device uses the PTP to synchronize time with the ONU.
  • PTP Precision Time Protocol
  • the PTP is also referred to as a 1588 clock.
  • the time error accuracy of the OLT and the ONU is on the order of microseconds.
  • the wireless network device can use the PTP to perform time synchronization with an ONU (such as a first ONU) within the cell.
  • the OLT acquires the sending moment of the first ranging request message according to the standard time of the PTP, and carries the sending moment of the first ranging request message in the first ranging request message.
  • Step 702 The OLT sends a first ranging request message to the first ONU through the optical fiber link according to the unicast mode.
  • Step 703 The first ONU responds to the first ranging request message to generate first ranging response information.
  • Step 704 The first ONU sends the first ranging response information to the wireless network device.
  • Step 705 The wireless network device sends the first ranging response information to the first ONU.
  • Step 706 After receiving the first ranging response information sent by the wireless network device, the OLT determines the first equalization delay according to the first ranging response information. Steps 702 to 706 are similar to steps 501 to 505, and are not described herein again.
  • step 701 to step 706 since the time error precision of the OLT and the first ONU is on the order of microseconds, The measurement accuracy requirement of the TDM-PON can be met. Therefore, the present application needs to further measure the distance information between the OLT and the first ONU, and trigger step 707.
  • Step 707 The OLT acquires a sending moment of the second ranging request message, and determines a silent window and a target time period according to the sending moment of the second ranging request message, the first ranging response information, the first equalization delay, and the time calibration error.
  • the size of the silence window corresponds to twice the time calibration error, and the time calibration error is an error between the time acquired from the time server and the real time, and the value may be pre-configured in the OLT.
  • the time server refers to the PTP time server.
  • the first ranging response information includes a downlink propagation delay and an ONU response time.
  • the OLT may determine, according to the sending time of the second ranging request message, the downlink propagation delay, the ONU response time, and the first equalization delay, a time at which the first ONU sends the second ranging response information.
  • the OLT may determine the time when the OLT receives the second ranging response information according to the time at which the first ONU sends the second ranging response information and the uplink propagation delay.
  • the sending time of the second ranging request message is recorded as t3, the time when the first ONU sends the second ranging response information is recorded as t4, the time when the OLT receives the second ranging response information is t5, and the uplink propagation delay is recorded as Delay_u
  • the downlink propagation delay is recorded as Delay_d
  • the ONU response time is recorded as RspTime
  • the first equalization delay is recorded as EqD1
  • t4 t3+Delay_d+RspTime+EqD1.
  • T5 t4+Delay_u.
  • the silence window is [t4- ⁇ t, t4+ ⁇ t]
  • the target period is [t5- ⁇ t, t5+ ⁇ t].
  • Step 708 The OLT broadcasts a silent indication.
  • the silent indication is used to instruct other ONUs to suspend sending data in the silent window to prevent the OLT from receiving data sent by other ONUs in the target period.
  • Other ONUs are ONUs that communicate with the OLT in addition to the ONU. After receiving the silent indication sent by the OLT, the other ONU stops sending data to the OLT in the silent window.
  • Step 709 The OLT sends a second ranging request message to the first ONU through the optical fiber link according to the unicast mode.
  • step 709 and step 710 can also be performed simultaneously.
  • Step 710 The first ONU responds to the second ranging request message to generate second ranging response information.
  • Step 711 The first ONU sends the second ranging response information to the OLT through the optical fiber link.
  • the OLT Since the other ONUs pause to send data in the silent window, and the first ONU sends the second ranging response information in the silent window, the OLT only receives the second ranging response information sent by the first ONU during the target period.
  • Step 712 The OLT receives the second ranging response information sent by the first ONU through the optical fiber link in the target time period, and determines the second equalization delay according to the second ranging response information.
  • the OLT Since the other ONUs pause to send data in the silent window, the OLT only receives the second ranging response information sent by the first ONU during the target period. After receiving the second ranging response information, the OLT may determine a second round trip delay between the OLT and the first ONU according to the second ranging response information, and determine a second equalization delay according to the second round trip delay, according to the second The equalization delay allocates an uplink time slot to the first ONU.
  • step 709 to step 712 the first ONU sends the second ranging response information to the OLT through the optical fiber link, so the OLT can determine the accurate round trip delay and the equalization delay according to the second ranging response information.
  • the OLT and the ONU can obtain an accurate equalization delay by two measurements, thereby allocating an accurate uplink time slot for the ONU.
  • the size of the silent window set in this application is a few microseconds, which is much smaller than the prior art silent window. This can reduce the service delay caused by the silent window of the first ONU to other ONUs.
  • another embodiment of a communication configuration method in an embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • Step 801 The OLT searches for a fiber distance between the OLT and the first ONU from the optical fiber database.
  • the communication system has been configured with a fiber optic database that stores the fiber distance from the OLT to the ONU.
  • the distance of each branch fiber can be measured by an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) or other measurement means, and then the measurement result is stored in the fiber database.
  • ODR optical time domain reflectometer
  • Step 802 The OLT determines a first round-trip delay according to the distance of the optical fiber, and determines a first equalization delay according to the first round-trip delay, according to the sending moment of the ranging request message, the first round-trip delay, the first equalization delay, and the preset.
  • the time measurement error sets the silence window and the target time period.
  • the size of the silence window corresponds to twice the preset time measurement error.
  • the error between the fiber distance measured by the OTDR and the real fiber distance is ⁇ 5us, and the value can be set according to the actual measurement result. .
  • Step 803 The OLT broadcasts a silent indication.
  • the silent indication is used to instruct other ONUs to suspend sending data in the silent window to prevent the OLT from receiving data sent by other ONUs during the target period.
  • Other ONUs refer to ONUs that communicate with the OLT in addition to the first ONU.
  • Step 804 The OLT sends a ranging request message to the first ONU through the optical fiber link according to the unicast mode.
  • Step 805 The first ONU responds to the ranging request message to generate ranging response information.
  • Step 806 The OLT receives the ranging response information sent by the first ONU through the optical fiber link in the target time period.
  • Step 807 The OLT determines a second equalization delay according to the ranging response information.
  • the OLT may determine the second equalization delay according to the second round-trip delay carried by the ranging response information, or determine, by the OLT, the second round-trip delay according to the downlink propagation delay and the ONU response time carried by the ranging response information. And determining a second equalization delay according to the second round trip delay.
  • Step 803 to step 807 are similar to steps 708 to 712, and details are not described herein again.
  • the OLT and the ONU can obtain the fiber distance through the coarse ranging, and the error between the first equalization delay and the true equalization delay measured by the optical distance measurement between the OLT and the first ONU does not exceed 5 us, so the OLT and the ONU can be set to not exceed The 10us silence window, and then accurate ranging to obtain an accurate equalization delay, assigns an accurate uplink time slot to the first ONU.
  • the size of the silence window determined by the optical fiber distance according to the present application does not exceed 10 us, which is much smaller than the silent window of the prior art. Therefore, the service delay caused by the silent window of the first ONU to other ONUs can be reduced.
  • the ONU registration may firstly allocate an ONU identifier to the ONU to be registered by using the prior art, and obtain an equalization delay of the ONU according to any one of the embodiments or the optional embodiment shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. According to this implementation, the service delay caused to other ONUs during the ranging process can be reduced.
  • the ONU is configured to allocate an ONU identifier to the ONU by using the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 or an optional embodiment, and then obtain the equalization delay of the ONU by using the prior art. According to this implementation, the service delay caused to other ONUs in the process of allocating the ONU identifier can be reduced.
  • the ONU first allocates an ONU identifier to the ONU by using the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 or an alternative embodiment, and obtains the equalization delay of the ONU according to any one of the embodiments shown in FIG. Implemented accordingly, able to register
  • the silent window is not set in the process, or the silent window is much smaller than the prior art in the registration process, thereby effectively reducing the service delay caused to other ONUs during the entire registration process.
  • the OLT and the eNB are connected through a gateway, and both the OLT and the eNB are configured with IP addresses of the other party, and can access each other through the IP address.
  • the OLT may periodically send an ONU sequence number request message to the eNB, and the format of the ONU sequence number request message is an IP message.
  • the eNB After receiving the ONU sequence number request message, the eNB broadcasts an ONU sequence number request message in the cell, and the unregistered ONU in the cell can respond to the ONU sequence number request message.
  • ONU1 responds to the ONU sequence number request message, and transmits its own sequence number SN1 to the eNB, and the eNB forwards it to the OLT.
  • the OLT After the OLT obtains the SN1, the ONU is assigned an ONU identifier.
  • the ID1 is used as an example.
  • the OLT may send the ID1 to the ONU1 through the eNB, or the OLT may send the ID1 to the ONU1 through the optical fiber from the PON interface.
  • ONU1 configures the optical communication identifier as ID1. It can be seen that the OLT does not need to open a silent window during the process of assigning an ONU identifier to the ONU1.
  • the OLT sends a ranging request message to the ONU1 under the condition that the OLT and the ONU1 perform time synchronization through the GPS.
  • the transmission time carried by the ranging request message is recorded as t1, and the time when the ONU1 receives the ranging request message is recorded as t2, then the optical fiber is
  • the mid-downstream propagation delay Delay_d t2-t1.
  • Delay_d takes 1ms as an example.
  • the response time RspTime of ONU1 is 100 ⁇ s.
  • ONU1 carries Delay_d and RspTime in the ranging response information.
  • the OLT calculates the uplink propagation delay Delay_u in the fiber according to Delay_d.
  • the Delay_u takes 1.01ms as an example.
  • the OLT sets the equalization delay for the ONU1. Taking 5 ⁇ s as an example, the equalization delay is sent to the ONU1, and the ONU1 sets the equalization delay to 5 ⁇ s. At this time, the ONU1 enters the normal working mode, and the uplink data is transmitted in the burst mode through the PON interface. In this way, the OLT and the ONU 1 perform optical communication through the PON interface.
  • the OLT sends a first ranging request message to the ONU1, and the sending time carried by the first ranging request message is recorded as t1, and the ONU1 receives the first ranging request message.
  • Delay_d takes 1ms as an example.
  • the response time RspTime of ONU1 is 100 ⁇ s.
  • ONU1 carries Delay_d and RspTime in the ranging response information.
  • the OLT calculates the uplink propagation delay Delay_u in the fiber according to Delay_d.
  • the Delay_u takes 1.01ms as an example.
  • the transmission time of the second ranging request message is recorded as t3, and the time calibration error is 5 ⁇ s.
  • the OLT determines the time t4 at which the ONU1 transmits the second ranging response information according to t3, Delay_d, RspTime, and EqD, and determines that the silent window is [t4-5 ⁇ s]. , t4+5 ⁇ s].
  • the OLT broadcasts a silent indication that the ONU other than ONU1 suspends sending data to the OLT in the silent window.
  • the OLT sends a second ranging request message to the ONU1 through the optical fiber, and the ONU1 sends the second ranging response information to the OLT in the silent window, and the OLT receives only the second ranging response information in [t5-5 ⁇ s, t5+5 ⁇ s]. Will not receive information from other ONUs.
  • the OLT communicates with the ONU through the wireless network device. Since the registration information is not obtained through the fiber link, the silent window may not be set or the silent window may be set. It is small, which reduces the business delay caused to other ONUs.
  • the present application provides an OLT 900, which can implement the functions of the OLT in the embodiment or the optional embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the OLT 900 includes:
  • the sending module 901 is configured to send, by the wireless network device, an ONU serial number request message to the first ONU, where the ONU serial number request message is used to indicate that the ONU to be registered sends the ONU serial number;
  • the receiving module 902 is configured to receive, by using a wireless network device, an ONU serial number sent by the first ONU.
  • the processing module 903 is configured to allocate an ONU identifier to the first ONU according to the ONU serial number.
  • the OLT 900 further includes:
  • the sending module 903 is further configured to send the message including the ONU identifier to the first ONU by using the wireless network device.
  • the present application further provides an ONU 1000, which can implement the functions of the first ONU in the embodiment or the alternative embodiment shown in FIG. 4.
  • the ONU1000 includes:
  • the receiving module 1001 is configured to receive, by using a wireless network device, an ONU serial number request message sent by the OLT;
  • the processing module 1002 is configured to obtain an ONU serial number of the first ONU in response to the ONU serial number request message.
  • the sending module 1003 is configured to send the ONU serial number of the first ONU to the OLT through the wireless network device.
  • the receiving module 1001 is further configured to receive, by using a wireless network device, a message that is sent by the OLT and includes an ONU identifier.
  • the processing module 1002 is further configured to set an optical communication identifier according to the ONU identifier.
  • the present application further provides an OLT 1100, which can implement the functions of the OLT in any one of the embodiments or the alternative embodiments shown in FIG. 5 to FIG.
  • the OLT1100 includes:
  • the sending module 1101 is configured to send, by using a fiber link, a first ranging request message to the first ONU according to the unicast mode;
  • the receiving module 1102 is configured to receive, by using a wireless network device, first ranging response information sent by the first ONU.
  • the processing module 1103 is configured to determine a first equalization delay according to the first ranging response information.
  • the processing module 1103 is specifically configured to: when the first ranging response information includes a downlink propagation delay and an ONU response time, determine an uplink propagation delay according to a downlink propagation delay, according to a downlink propagation delay, an ONU response time, and an uplink propagation delay. Determine the round-trip delay and determine the first equalization delay based on the round-trip delay.
  • the processing module 1103 is specifically configured to: when the first ranging response information includes a round trip delay, determine the first equalization delay according to the round trip delay.
  • the processing module 1103 is further configured to perform time synchronization with the first ONU by using the GPS before the sending module 1101 sends the first ranging request message to the first ONU through the optical fiber link in a unicast manner.
  • the processing module 1103 is further configured to: after the processing module 1103 determines the first equalization delay according to the first ranging response information, acquire a sending moment of the second ranging request message;
  • the processing module 1103 is further configured to determine, according to the sending moment of the second ranging request message, the first ranging response information, the first equalization delay, and the time calibration error, the silent window and the target time period, where the size of the silent window corresponds to twice Time Calibration error, time calibration error is the error between the time acquired from the time server and the real time;
  • the sending module 1101 is further configured to broadcast a silent indication, and send a second ranging request message to the first ONU according to the unicast mode, where the silent indication is used to instruct other ONUs to pause sending data in the silent window, so as to prevent the OLT from receiving the target time period.
  • Other ONUs refer to data sent by other ONUs, and other ONUs refer to ONUs that communicate with the OLT in addition to the first ONUs;
  • the receiving module 1102 is further configured to receive second ranging response information that is sent by the first ONU through the optical fiber link in the target time period;
  • the processing module 1103 is further configured to determine a second equalization delay according to the second ranging response information.
  • the present application further provides an ONU 1200, which can implement the functions of the first ONU in any one of the embodiments shown in FIG. 5 to FIG.
  • the ONU1200 includes:
  • the receiving module 1201 is configured to receive a first ranging request message sent by the OLT through the optical fiber link.
  • the processing module 1202 is configured to generate first ranging response information in response to the first ranging request message.
  • the sending module 1203 is configured to send the first ranging response information to the OLT through the wireless network device.
  • the processing module 1203 is further configured to use the GPS to perform time with the OLT before the receiving module 1201 receives the first ranging request message sent by the OLT through the optical fiber link. Synchronize.
  • the receiving module 1201 is further configured to receive a second ranging request message sent by the OLT through the optical fiber link.
  • the processing module 1202 is further configured to generate second ranging response information in response to the second ranging request message.
  • the sending module 1203 is further configured to send the second ranging response information to the OLT through the optical fiber link.
  • the present application provides a communication system 1300, including:
  • the OLT communicates with the wireless network device through a wired network interface, the wireless network device communicates with the ONU through a wireless network interface, and the OLT communicates with the ONU through an optical network interface;
  • the OLT 1301 may be an OLT in the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 or an alternative embodiment
  • the ONU 1303 can be an ONU in the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 or in an alternative embodiment.
  • the OLT 1301 in the communication system 1300 shown in FIG. 13 may be the OLT in the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 or the optional embodiment, and the ONU may be the embodiment shown in FIG. 12 or an alternative embodiment. In the ONU.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer can be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device.
  • the computer instructions can be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transferred from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions can be from a website site, computer, server or data center Transfer to another website site, computer, server, or data center via wired (eg, coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line) or wireless (eg, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • the computer readable storage medium can be any available media that can be stored by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, or the like that includes one or more available media.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (such as a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (such as a Solid State Disk (SSD)) or the like.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种通信配置方法，包括：OLT通过无线网络设备向第一ONU发送ONU序列号请求消息，以指示待注册的ONU发送ONU序列号；通过无线网络设备接收第一ONU发送的ONU序列号，根据ONU序列号为第一ONU分配ONU标识。本申请还公开了一种能够实现上述通信配置方法的OLT和ONU。本申请能够降低第一ONU注册时对其他ONU造成的业务延迟。

Description

一种通信配置方法、光线路终端以及光网络单元 技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，尤其涉及一种通信配置方法、光线路终端以及光网络单元。
背景技术
在传统的时分复用无源光网络(time division multiplexing-passive optical network，TDM-PON)系统中，光网络单元(optical network unit，ONU)要在光线路终端(optical line termination，OLT)注册后才能接入网络。
在注册时，首先OLT开启一个大小250微秒(μs)的静默窗口(quiet window)，OLT会周期性广播一个注册请求消息，刚上电(或复位后)的ONU会回应注册请求消息，向OLT告知自己的序列号(serial number)，让已经在线的ONU在静默窗口暂停发送数据。在注册阶段还需要精确的测量OLT到ONU的距离，在测距时也需要开启一个大小为202μs的静默窗口，让其他ONU暂停发送数据。
OLT开启静默窗口搜索待注册的ONU，会使已注册的ONU暂停执行业务，导致业务时间增加。但是，如果该业务有严格时延要求，例如移动前传、虚拟现实业务等，那么以上静默窗口会终端业务的传送，导致无法满足移动前传的低时延要求。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种通信配置方法、OLT以及ONU，能够降低第一ONU注册时对其他ONU造成的业务延迟。
第一方面提供一种通信配置方法，该方法所应用的通信系统包括OLT、第一ONU和无线网络设备，OLT通过无线网络设备与第一ONU通信。该方法包括：OLT通过无线网络设备向第一ONU发送ONU序列号请求消息；通过无线网络设备接收第一ONU发送的ONU序列号，根据ONU序列号为第一ONU分配ONU标识。其中，ONU序列号请求消息用于指示待注册的ONU发送ONU序列号。
依此实施，OLT不通过光纤链路发送ONU序列号请求，也不通过光纤链路接收ONU序列号，因此无需暂停其他ONU的业务，从而解决了在分配ONU标识过程中，设置静默窗口导致其他ONU业务延迟的问题。
在第一方面的另一种可能的实现方式中，在根据ONU序列号为第一ONU分配ONU标识之后，OLT将包括ONU标识的消息通过无线网络设备发送给第一ONU。依此实施，在OLT为第一ONU分配ONU标识后，第一ONU可以使用该ONU标识进行光通信配置。本申请提供了一种具有可行性的发送ONU标识的方法。
在第一方面的另一种可能的实现方式中，OLT通过光纤链路与第一ONU连接。在根据ONU序列号为第一ONU分配ONU标识之后，上述方法还包括：OLT将包括ONU标识的消息通过光纤链路发送给第一ONU。由此可见，本申请还提供了另外一种发送ONU标识的方法，方案实施更具灵活性。
第二方面提供一种通信配置方法，该方法所应用的通信系统包括OLT、ONU和无线网络设备，OLT通过无线网络设备与第一ONU通信，方法包括：第一ONU通过无线网络设备接收OLT发送的ONU序列号请求消息；第一ONU响应ONU序列号请求消息，获取第一ONU的ONU序列号，将第一ONU的ONU序列号发送给无线网络设备。由此可见，第一ONU通过无线网络设备将ONU序列号发送给OLT，由于没有占用光纤链路，因此无需暂停其他ONU的业务，从而解决了在分配ONU标识过程中，设置静默窗口导致其他ONU业务延迟的问题。
第二方面的一种可能实现方式中，第一ONU通过无线网络设备，接收OLT发送的包括ONU标识的消息，根据ONU标识设置光通信标识。
第三方面提供一种通信配置方法，该方法所应用的通信系统包括OLT、ONU和无线网络设备，OLT通过无线网络设备与第一ONU通信，且OLT通过光纤链路与第一ONU通信。该方法包括：OLT按照单播方式，通过光纤链路向第一ONU发送第一测距请求消息；通过无线网络设备接收OLT发送的第一测距响应信息，根据第一测距响应信息确定第一均衡时延。其中，测距请求消息用于获取OLT与ONU之间的距离相关信息，如下行传播时延、ONU响应时间或往返时延等。由此可见，OLT通过单播方式，向第一ONU发送第一测距请求消息，第一ONU可以将第一测距响应信息通过无线网络设备发送给OLT，其他ONU在光纤链路上的业务不受影响。
在第三方面的一种可能的实现方式中，OLT根据第一测距响应信息确定第一均衡时延具体可以为：OLT根据下行传播时延确定上行传播时延，根据下行传播时延、ONU响应时间和上行传播时延确定往返时延，根据往返时延确定第一均衡时延。其中，第一测距响应信息包括下行传播时延和ONU响应时间。下行传播时延是指OLT将信息通过光纤链路发送至ONU所用的时长，上行传播时延是指ONU将信息通过光纤链路发送至OLT所用的时长，ONU响应时间是指从测距请求消息的接收时刻到反馈测距响应信息的发送时刻的时长。由此可见，本申请提供了一种根据测距响应信息计算第一均衡时延的具体方案。
在第三方面的另一种可能的实现方式中，OLT根据第一测距响应信息确定第一均衡时延包括：OLT根据往返时延确定第一均衡时延。其中，第一测距响应信息包括往返时延。由此可见，本申请提供了另一种根据测距响应信息计算第一均衡时延的具体方案，方案实施更具灵活性。
在第三方面的另一种可能的实现方式中，在OLT按照单播方式，通过光纤链路向第一ONU发送测距请求消息之前，OLT使用全球定位系统GPS，与第一ONU进行时间同步。依此实施，OLT与第一ONU的时间误差精度为纳秒级别，计算得到的第一均衡时延的精度能够满足TDM-PON的测量精度要求。
在第三方面的另一种可能的实现方式中，在根据测距响应信息确定第一均衡时延之后，OLT获取第二测距请求消息的发送时刻，根据第二测距请求消息的发送时刻、第一测距响应信息、第一均衡时延和时间校准误差确定静默窗口以及目标时段；然后，OLT广播静默指示，以及按照单播方式向第一ONU发送第二测距请求消息，以避免OLT在目标时段接收到其他ONU发送的数据；在目标时段接收第一ONU通过光纤链路发送的第二测距响应 信息之后，OLT根据第二测距响应信息确定第二均衡时延。其中，静默窗口的大小对应于两倍的时间校准误差，时间校准误差为从时间服务器获取的时刻与真实时刻之间的误差，静默指示用于指示其他ONU在静默窗口暂停发送数据，其他ONU是指除了第一ONU之外与OLT进行通信的ONU。
依此实施，在OLT、无线网络设备和ONU通过PTP进行时间同步的条件下，本申请通过两次测量获取的第二均衡时延的精度能够满足TDM-PON的测量精度要求。由此可见，本申请提供了另一种确定ONU的精确均衡时延的具体方案。同时，静默窗口的大小与时间校准误差相关，由于时间校准误差很小，因此本申请的静默窗口远小于现有技术的静默窗口，因此能够有效降低第一ONU注册对其他ONU造成的业务延迟。
第四方面提供一种通信配置方法，该方法所应用的通信系统包括OLT、ONU和无线网络设备，OLT通过无线网络设备与第一ONU通信，并且OLT通过光纤链路与第一ONU通信。该方法包括：第一ONU接收OLT通过光纤链路发送的第一测距请求消息，响应第一测距请求消息生成第一测距响应信息，将第一测距响应信息通过无线网络设备发送给OLT。由此可见，OLT通过单播方式向第一ONU发送第一测距请求消息，第一ONU可以将第一测距响应信息通过无线网络设备发送给OLT，其他ONU在光纤链路上的业务不受影响。
在第四方面的一种可能的实现方式中，在第一ONU接收OLT通过光纤链路发送的第一测距请求消息之前，第一ONU使用全球定位系统GPS，与OLT进行时间同步。依此实施，OLT与第一ONU的时间误差精度为纳秒级别，计算得到的第一均衡时延的精度能够满足TDM-PON的测量精度要求。
在第四方面的另一种可能的实现方式中，在所述第一ONU将所述第一测距响应信息通过所述无线网络设备发送给所述OLT之后，第一ONU接收OLT发送的第二测距请求消息，根据第二测距请求消息获取第二测距响应信息，将第二测距响应信息通过光纤链路发送给OLT。依此实施，本申请通过两次测量能够获取精确的第二测距响应信息，OLT可以根据第二测距响应信息获取精确的均衡时延，从而为第一ONU分配上行时隙。
第五方面提供一种通信配置方法，该方法所应用的通信系统包括OLT、ONU和无线网络设备，OLT通过无线网络设备与第一ONU通信，且OLT通过光纤链路与第一ONU通信。该方法包括：OLT从光纤数据库中，查找OLT与第一ONU之间的光纤距离；根据光纤距离确定第一往返时延，根据第一往返时延确定第一均衡时延，根据第一往返时延、第一均衡时延和预设时间测量误差设置静默窗口和目标时段；广播静默指示，以及按照单播方式向第一ONU发送测距请求消息，以避免OLT在目标时段接收到其他ONU发送的数据；在目标时段接收第一ONU通过光纤链路发送的测距响应信息，根据测距响应信息确定第二均衡时延。其中，静默窗口的大小对应于两倍的预设时间测量误差，静默指示用于指示其他ONU在静默窗口暂停发送数据，其他ONU是指除了第一ONU之外与OLT进行通信的ONU。
由此可见，本申请设置的静默窗口的大小与时间测量误差相关，由于时间测量误差很小，因此本申请的静默窗口远小于现有技术的静默窗口，因此能够有效降低第一ONU注册 对其他ONU造成的业务延迟。
第六方面提供一种OLT，该OLT具有实现第一方面或第一方面的可能实现方式中OLT的功能。该功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现，上述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能对应的模块。
第七方面提供一种ONU，该ONU具有实现第二方面或第二方面的可能实现方式中第一ONU的功能。该功能可以通过硬件时间，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现，上述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能对应的模块。
第八方面提供一种OLT，该OLT具有实现第三方面或第三方面的可能实现方式中OLT的功能。该功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现，上述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能对应的模块。
第九方面提供一种ONU，该ONU具有实现第四方面或第四方面的可能实现方式中第一ONU的功能。该功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现，上述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能对应的模块。
第十方面提供一种OLT，该OLT具有实现第五方面或第五方面的可能实现方式中OLT的功能。该功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现，上述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能对应的模块。
第十一方面提供一种通信系统，该通信系统包括OLT、无线网络设备和ONU。其中，所述OLT与所述无线网络设备通过无线网络接口通信，所述无线网络设备与所述ONU通过无线网络接口通信，所述OLT与所述ONU通过光网络接口通信。其中，OLT具有实现如上述各方面所述的OLT的功能，ONU具有实现如上述各方面所述的第一ONU的功能。
本申请的另一方面提供一种计算机可读存储介质，包括指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如上述各方面所述的方法。
本申请的另一方面提供一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如上述各方面所述的方法。
从以上实施例可以看出，OLT通过无线网络设备将ONU序列号请求消息发送给待注册的ONU，ONU通过无线网络设备将ONU序列号发送给OLT，OLT根据ONU序列号为ONU分配ONU标识。由此可见，本申请利用现有的无线网络设备就可以传输ONU序列号和OLT标识，无需使用光纤传输，因此不需要设置静默窗口，不会影响其他ONU执行业务过程，从而降低第一ONU注册对其他ONU造成的业务时延，提高了TDM-PON系统处理业务的效率。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例的应用场景的一个示意图；
图2为本发明实施例中OLT的一个结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例中ONU的一个结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例中通信配置方法的一个流程示意图；
图5为本发明实施例中通信配置方法的另一个流程示意图；
图6为本发明实施例中通信配置方法的另一个流程示意图；
图7为本发明实施例中通信配置方法的另一个流程示意图；
图8为本发明实施例中通信配置方法的另一个流程示意图；
图9为本发明实施例中OLT的另一个结构示意图；
图10为本发明实施例中ONU的另一个结构示意图；
图11为本发明实施例中OLT的另一个结构示意图；
图12为本发明实施例中ONU的另一个结构示意图；
图13为本发明实施例中通信系统的一个结构示意图。
具体实施方式
图1为本申请的通信配置方法的应用场景示意图。通信系统包括OLT101、光分布网(optical distribution network，ODN)102、ONU103和无线网络设备104。无线网络设备104和OLT101可以分别连接外部网络，例如因特网、公共交换电话网络(Public Switched Telephone Network，PSTN)等。
其中，OLT、ODN和ONU属于TDM-PON系统。OLT连接一个或多个ODN，用来为TDM-PON系统提供网络侧接口(service networks interface，SNI)。ONU与ODN相连，为TDM-PON系统提供用户侧接口(user networks interface，UNI)。ONU与客户端终端设备(customer premise equipment，CPE)之间还可能有其他网络，比如以太网。例如，ONU可以与xDSL(如非对称数字用户线路(asymmetric digital subscriber line，ADSL)，超高速数字用户线路(very high speed digital subscriber line，VDSL)等)或者以太网接口的转换设备连接，再通过转换设备与CPE连接。若ONU直接提供用户端口功能(如以太网端口)，则称为光网络终端(optical network termination，ONT)。
在TDM-PON系统中，从OLT到ONU称为下行，从ONU到OLT为上行。OLT将送达各个ONU的下行业务组装成帧，以广播的方式发给多个ONU，即通过光分路器分为N路独立的信号，每路信号都含有发给所有特定ONU的帧，各个ONU只提取发给自己的帧，将其它ONU的帧丢弃。从各个ONU到OLT的上行数据通过时分多址(time division multiple access，TDMA)方式共享信道进行传输，OLT为每个ONU都分配一个传输时隙。这些时隙是同步的，因此当数据包耦合到一根光纤中时，不同ONU的数据包之间不会产生碰撞。
ONU集成有与无线网络设备相适应的功能，ONU可以通过无线网络接口和无线网络设备通信。例如，配置有长期演进(Long Term Evolution，LTE)上网卡(dongle)的ONU可以和无线网络设备进行通信。
OLT可以通过有线网络接口和无线网络设备通信。OLT与无线网络设备可以通过连接网关(bonding access gateway，BGW)建立通信连接。或者，OLT与无线网络设备直接连接通信。无线网络设备可以是演进型基站(evolved Node B，eNB)或中继站等。在实际应用中，可以根据OLT与无线网络设备的位置信息配置连接关系，例如将地址相近的OLT和无线网络设备建立连接关系。
图2为OLT的一个结构示意图。OLT包括光网络接口201、控制器202、有线网络接 口203和存储器204，以上组件通过总线连接通信。光网络接口201、控制器202、有线网络接口203和存储器204的数量可以是一个或多个。可以理解的是，OLT还包括电源等其他组件。
光网络接口201，用于接收ONU发送的上行数据，或向ONU发送下行数据。
控制器202，用于提供OLT管理和控制，为OLT提供寻址和信道访问控制机制。
有线网络接口203，用于与无线网络设备通信。
存储器204，可以是闪存(flash memory)或者随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，还可以是可存储信息和指令的其他类型的动态存储设备。
其中，存储器204用于存储实现本申请提供的方法的应用程序代码，并由控制器202来执行。控制器202通过执行存储器204中存储的应用程序代码以实现本发明实施例提供的方案。
请参阅图3，ONU包括光网络接口301、控制器302、无线网络接口303和存储器304，以上组件通过总线连接通信。光网络接口301、控制器302、无线网络接口303和存储器304的数量可以是一个或多个。可以理解的是，ONU还包括电源等其他组件。
光网络接口301，用于接收OLT发送的下行数据，或向OLT发送上行数据。
控制器302，用于提供ONU管理和控制，为ONU提供寻址和信道访问控制机制。
无线网络接口303，用于与无线网络设备通信。
存储器304可以是闪存(flash memory)或者随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，还可以是可存储信息和指令的其他类型的动态存储设备。
其中，存储器304用于存储实现本申请提供的方法的应用程序代码，并由控制器302来执行。控制器302通过执行存储器304中存储的应用程序代码以实现本发明实施例提供的方案。
本申请能够提供多种应用于以上通信系统的通信配置方法，能够降低一个ONU注册对其他ONU的业务造成的时延。下面通过具体实施例进行详细介绍，请参阅图4，本发明实施例中通信配置方法的一个实施例包括：
步骤401、OLT向无线网络设备发送ONU序列号请求消息。
本实施例中，ONU序列号是在制造ONU设备时为每个ONU设备设置的唯一设备编号。OLT可以通过有线网络接口向无线网络设备发送IP报文形式的ONU序列号请求消息，用于指示待注册的ONU发送ONU序列号。
步骤402、无线网络设备向第一ONU转发ONU序列号请求消息。
步骤403、第一ONU向无线网络设备发送ONU序列号。
具体的，无线网络设备以基站为例，基站在小区内广播ONU序列号请求消息，搜索待注册的ONU(如刚上电的ONU或复位的ONU)。待注册的ONU以第一ONU为例，第一ONU响应ONU序列号请求消息，可以获取自身的ONU序列号，将该ONU序列号发送给无线网络设备。小区内已注册的ONU可以忽略ONU序列号请求消息。
步骤404、无线网络设备将ONU序列号转发给OLT。
步骤405、OLT接收无线网络设备发送的ONU序列号后，根据ONU序列号为第一ONU 分配ONU标识。ONU标识也称为ONU ID，作为在光通信过程中识别第一ONU的唯一标识。
本实施例中，OLT利用现有无线网络设备可以搜索到待注册的ONU，无需使用光纤网络广播搜索待注册的ONU，因此无需设置静默窗口就能获取ONU序列号，为ONU分配ONU标识。由此可见，本申请无需暂停其他ONU的业务，能够解决在分配ONU标识过程中，设置静默窗口导致其他ONU业务延迟的问题。
基于图4所示实施例，在一个可选实施例中，在步骤405之后，上述方法还包括：OLT将包括ONU标识的消息通过无线网络设备发送给第一ONU，第一ONU根据ONU标识设置光通信标识。具体的，包括ONU标识的消息由OLT发送给无线网络设备，再由无线网络设备转发给第一ONU。第一ONU使用ONU标识设置光通信标识，然后利用该ONU标识与OLT进行光通信。
基于图4所示实施例，在另一个可选实施例中，在步骤405之后，上述方法还包括：OLT将包括ONU标识的消息通过光纤链路发送给第一ONU，第一ONU根据ONU标识设置光通信标识。具体的，OLT预先配置有ONU序列号与光纤链路的对应关系。OLT根据ONU序列号可以确定第一ONU对应的光纤链路，然后按照单播方式，将包括ONU标识的消息通过光纤链路发送给第一ONU。第一ONU使用ONU标识设置光通信标识，然后利用该ONU标识与OLT进行光通信。
在ONU注册过程中，分配ONU标识之后，ONU与OLT要精确测量两者间的距离相关信息，才能为ONU精确地分配上行时隙。为了降低在测距期间静默窗口导致的延迟，本申请提供一种不使用静默窗口的通信配置方法。请参阅图5，本发明实施例中通信配置方法的另一个实施例包括：
步骤501、OLT按照单播方式，通过光纤链路向第一ONU发送第一测距请求消息。
步骤502、第一ONU响应第一测距请求消息，生成第一测距响应信息。
步骤503、第一ONU将第一测距响应信息发送给无线网络设备。
其中，第一测距请求消息携带有第一测距请求消息的发送时刻，第一ONU接收第一测距请求消息时，可以确定第一测距请求消息的接收时刻。
步骤504、无线网络设备将第一测距响应信息转发给OLT。
步骤505、OLT根据第一测距响应信息确定第一均衡时延。
为了确保来自不同ONU的数据在相同上行数据帧的边界处对准，每个ONU必须将上行数据的传输延迟超过常规响应时间，超过常规响应时间的额外时间被称为ONU的均衡延迟(equalization delay)，简称为EqD。OLT确定第一均衡时隙后，将第一均衡时延发送给第一ONU，第一ONU使用第一均衡时延设置上行时隙，以突发模式在上行时隙向OLT发送数据。需要说明的是，当第一ONU的上行时隙发生偏移，OLT可根据偏移量是否超过阈值来进行调整或发出告警。
本实施例提供了两条OLT与ONU通信的路径，第一条通信路径是OLT与ONU之间的光纤链路，第二条通信路径是OLT、无线网络设备与ONU之间的无线链路。OLT通过单播方式向第一ONU发送第一测距请求消息，第一ONU可以将第一测距响应信息通过无 线网络设备发送给OLT，其他ONU在光纤链路上的业务不受影响。由此可见，本申请无需暂停其他ONU的业务，从而解决了在现有测距过程中设置静默窗口导致其他ONU业务延迟的问题。
其次，无线链路可以为用户提供额外的带宽。当光纤链路发生故障时，无线链路也可以作为保护链路，保证OLT与ONU维持通信连接。
基于图5所示实施例，对于不同的测距响应信息，OLT根据可以通过多种方式来确定第一均衡时延。下面进行详细介绍：
在一个可选实施例中，
第一测距响应信息包括下行传播时延和ONU响应时间；
步骤505具体可以为：OLT根据下行传播时延确定上行传播时延，根据下行传播时延、ONU响应时间和上行传播时延确定往返时延，根据往返时延确定第一均衡时延。
本实施例中，下行传播时延是指OLT将信息通过光纤链路发送至ONU所用的时长，上行传播时延是指ONU将信息通过光纤链路发送至OLT所用的时长，ONU响应时间是指从测距请求消息的接收时刻到反馈测距响应信息的发送时刻的时长。
第一测距请求消息携带有发送时刻，将发送时刻记为t1。第一ONU可以确定第一测距请求消息的接收时刻，接收时刻记为t2。下行传播时延记为Delay_d，则Delay_d＝t2-t1。记ONU响应时间为RspTime，ONU可以将Delay_d和RspTime携带在第一测距响应信息中。上行传播时延记为Delay_u，下行波长在光纤中的折射率记为n_d，上行波长在光纤中的折射率记为n_u，上行传播时延的计算公式如下：Delay_u＝(Delay_d/n_d)×n_u。往返时延(Round Trip Delay，RTD)的计算公式如下：RTD＝Delay_d+Delay_u+RspTime。
在另一个可选实施例中，
步骤502具体可以为：第一ONU根据发送时刻和接收时刻确定下行传播时延，根据下行传播时延确定上行传播时延，根据下行传播时延、ONU响应时间和上行传播时延确定往返时延，生成包括往返时延的第一测距响应信息；
步骤505具体可以为：OLT根据往返时延确定第一均衡时延。
本实施例中，发送时刻、接收时刻、ONU响应时间均可参阅前一实施例。第一ONU计算下行传播时延、上行传播时延和往返时延的过程，与前一实施例中OLT计算下行传播时延、上行传播时延和往返时延的相似，此处不再赘述。第一ONU可以将RTD携带在第一测距响应信息中，也可以将Delay_d、Delay_u和RspTime携带在第一测距响应信息中。
在另一个可选实施例中，
步骤502具体可以为：第一ONU根据发送时刻和接收时刻确定下行传播时延，再根据下行波长和下行传播时延计算光纤长度，生成包括光纤长度的第一测距响应信息；
步骤504具体可以为：OLT根据光纤长度、上行波长和上行波长在光纤中的折射率计算上行传播时延，再根据下行传播时延、上行传播时延和ONU响应时间确定往返时延，根据往返时延确定第一均衡时延。
本实施例中，发送时刻和接收时刻如以上实施例所述。记光纤长度为L，真空中的光速记为c，上行波长在光纤中的折射率记为n_u，计算上行传播时延的公式如下： Delay_u/n_u＝L/c。根据上行传播时延、下行传播时延和ONU响应时间确定往返时延，以及根据往返时延确定第一均衡时延的具体过程与上一个实施例相似，此处不再赘述。
在时间精度不同的条件下，计算得到的均衡时延精度不同。为了获取精确的均衡时延，本申请提供多种通信配置方法。下面通过具体实施例进行详细说明。
请参阅图6，本发明实施例中通信配置方法的另一个实施例包括：
步骤601、OLT使用全球定位系统(Global Positioning System，GPS)，与第一ONU进行时间同步。
本实施例中，通信系统还包括GPS。OLT和ONU都配置有GPS模块，能够从GPS获取标准时间。OLT与ONU可以利用GPS进行时间同步，在时间同步后两种设备的时间误差精度为纳秒量级，能够满足TDM-PON的测量精度要求。
OLT根据GPS提供的标准时间，获取第一测距请求消息的发送时刻，将该发送时刻携带在第一测距请求消息中。
步骤602、OLT按照单播方式，通过光纤链路向第一ONU发送第一测距请求消息。
步骤603、第一ONU响应第一测距请求消息，生成第一测距响应信息。
步骤604、第一ONU将第一测距响应信息发送给无线网络设备。
步骤605、OLT接收无线网络设备发送的第一测距响应信息。
步骤606、OLT根据第一测距响应信息确定第一均衡时延。
步骤603至步骤606，与步骤502至步骤505相似，此处不再赘述。
本实施例中，OLT与ONU可以通过GPS进行高精度的时间同步，在获取精确的发送时刻和接收时刻后，可以进一步计算得到精确的往返时延和均衡时延，从而可以准确地分配上行时隙。
其次，在上传测距响应信息的过程中，ONU通过无线链路而不是光纤链路，无需在测距过程中设置静默窗口，因此可以降低静默窗口对其他ONU造成的业务延迟。
请参阅图7，本发明实施例中通信配置方法的另一个实施例包括：
步骤701、OLT使用精确时钟同步协议(Precision Time Protocol，PTP)与无线网络设备进行时间同步，无线网络设备使用PTP与ONU进行时间同步。
本实施例中，PTP也称为1588时钟。时间同步后，OLT与ONU的时间误差精度为微秒量级。无线网络设备可以使用PTP与小区内的ONU(如第一ONU)进行时间同步。
OLT根据PTP的标准时间，获取第一测距请求消息的发送时刻，将第一测距请求消息的发送时刻携带在第一测距请求消息中。
步骤702、OLT按照单播方式，通过光纤链路向第一ONU发送第一测距请求消息。
步骤703、第一ONU响应第一测距请求消息，生成第一测距响应信息。
步骤704、第一ONU将第一测距响应信息发送给无线网络设备。
步骤705、无线网络设备将第一测距响应信息发送给第一ONU。
步骤706、OLT接收无线网络设备发送的第一测距响应信息后，根据第一测距响应信息确定第一均衡时延。步骤702至步骤706与步骤501至步骤505相似，此处不再赘述。
由步骤701至步骤706可知，由于OLT与第一ONU的时间误差精度为微秒量级，不 能满足TDM-PON的测量精度要求，因此本申请需要对OLT与第一ONU的距离信息进一步测量，触发步骤707。
步骤707、OLT获取第二测距请求消息的发送时刻，根据第二测距请求消息的发送时刻、第一测距响应信息、第一均衡时延和时间校准误差确定静默窗口以及目标时段。
其中，静默窗口的大小对应于两倍的时间校准误差，时间校准误差为从时间服务器获取的时刻与真实时刻之间的误差，其值可以预先配置在OLT中。时间服务器是指PTP时间服务器。
具体的，第一测距响应信息包括下行传播时延和ONU响应时间。OLT可以根据第二测距请求消息的发送时刻、上述下行传播时延、上述ONU响应时间和第一均衡时延，确定第一ONU发送第二测距响应信息的时刻。OLT根据第一ONU发送第二测距响应信息的时刻和上行传播时延，可以确定OLT收到第二测距响应信息的时刻。第二测距请求消息的发送时刻记为t3，第一ONU发送第二测距响应信息的时刻记为t4，OLT收到第二测距响应信息的时刻为t5，上行传播时延记为Delay_u，下行传播时延记为Delay_d，ONU响应时间记为RspTime，第一均衡时延记为EqD1，则t4＝t3+Delay_d+RspTime+EqD1。t5＝t4+Delay_u。将时间校准误差记为Δt，则静默窗口为[t4-Δt，t4+Δt]，目标时段为[t5-Δt，t5+Δt]。
步骤708、OLT广播静默指示。
其中，静默指示用于指示其他ONU在静默窗口暂停发送数据，以避免OLT在目标时段接收到其他ONU发送的数据。其他ONU是指除了ONU之外与OLT进行通信的ONU。其他ONU收到OLT发送的静默指示后，在静默窗口停止向OLT发送数据。
步骤709、OLT按照单播方式，通过光纤链路向第一ONU发送第二测距请求消息。
需要说明的是，步骤709与步骤710也可以同时执行。
步骤710、第一ONU响应第二测距请求消息，生成第二测距响应信息。
步骤711、第一ONU通过光纤链路将第二测距响应信息发送给OLT。
由于其他ONU在静默窗口暂停发送数据，而第一ONU在该静默窗口发送第二测距响应信息，因此OLT在目标时段只会收到第一ONU发送的第二测距响应信息。
步骤712、OLT在目标时段接收第一ONU通过光纤链路发送的第二测距响应信息，根据第二测距响应信息确定第二均衡时延。
由于其他ONU在静默窗口中暂停发送数据，因此OLT在目标时段只会接收第一ONU发送的第二测距响应信息。收到第二测距响应信息后，OLT可以根据第二测距响应信息确定OLT与第一ONU之间的第二往返时延，根据第二往返时延确定第二均衡时延，根据第二均衡时延为第一ONU分配上行时隙。
由步骤709至步骤712可知，第一ONU通过光纤链路向OLT发送第二测距响应信息，因此OLT可以根据第二测距响应信息确定精确的往返时延和均衡时延。
本实施例中，在OLT、无线网络设备与ONU通过PTP进行时间同步的条件下，OLT与ONU可以通过两次测量获取精确的均衡时延，从而为ONU分配精确的上行时隙。
其次，本申请设置的静默窗口的大小在几微秒大小，远小于现有技术的静默窗口，因 此可以降低第一ONU的静默窗口对其他ONU造成的业务延迟。
请参阅图8，本发明实施例中通信配置方法的另一个实施例包括：
步骤801、OLT从光纤数据库中，查找OLT与第一ONU之间的光纤距离。
本实施例中，通信系统已经配置有光纤数据库，其存储有OLT到ONU的光纤距离。在部署ODN的过程中，通过光时域反射仪(optical time domain reflectometer，OTDR)或者其他测量手段，可以测量得到的各分支光纤的距离，然后将测量结果存储在光纤数据库中。
步骤802、OLT根据光纤距离确定第一往返时延，根据第一往返时延确定第一均衡时延，根据测距请求消息的发送时刻、第一往返时延、第一均衡时延和预设时间测量误差设置静默窗口和目标时段。静默窗口的大小对应于两倍的预设时间测量误差。
由OTDR测量得到的光纤距离与真实的光纤距离存在一定误差，根据光纤距离计算得到的时延与真实时延之间的误差(即时间测量误差)为±5us，其值可以根据实际测量结果设置。
步骤803、OLT广播静默指示。静默指示用于指示其他ONU在静默窗口暂停发送数据，以避免OLT在目标时段接收到其他ONU发送的数据。其他ONU是指除了第一ONU之外与OLT进行通信的ONU。
步骤804、OLT按照单播方式，通过光纤链路向第一ONU发送测距请求消息。
步骤805、第一ONU响应测距请求消息，生成测距响应信息。
步骤806、OLT在目标时段接收第一ONU通过光纤链路发送的测距响应信息。
步骤807、OLT根据测距响应信息确定第二均衡时延。
具体的，OLT可以根据测距响应信息携带的第二往返时延，确定第二均衡时延；或者，OLT根据测距响应信息携带的下行传播时延和ONU响应时间确定第二往返时延，再根据第二往返时延，确定第二均衡时延。
步骤803至步骤807，与步骤708至步骤712相似，此处不再赘述。
本实施例中，OLT与ONU可以通过粗测距得到光纤距离，利用OLT与第一ONU的光纤距离测量得到的第一均衡时延与真实均衡时延的误差不超过5us，因此可以设置不超10us的静默窗口，再精确测距获取精确的均衡时延，为第一ONU分配精确的上行时隙。
其次，本申请根据光纤距离确定的静默窗口大小不超过10us，远小于现有技术的静默窗口，因此可以降低第一ONU的静默窗口对其他ONU造成的业务延迟。
需要说明的是，ONU注册可以先采用现有技术为待注册的ONU分配ONU标识，再根据图5至图8所示的任意一个实施例或可选实施例获取ONU的均衡时延。依此实施，能够降低在测距过程中对其他ONU造成的业务延迟。
或者，ONU注册先采用图4所示实施例或可选实施例为ONU分配ONU标识，再利用现有技术获取ONU的均衡时延。依此实施，能够降低在分配ONU标识的过程中对其他ONU造成的业务延迟。
或者，ONU先采用图4所示实施例或可选实施例为ONU分配ONU标识，再根据图5至图8所示的任意一个实施例或可选实施例获取ONU的均衡时延。依此实施，能够在注册 过程中不设置静默窗口，或者在注册过程中设置远小于现有技术的静默窗口，从而有效降低整个注册过程中对其他ONU造成的业务延迟。
为便于理解，下面以一个具体应用场景对本申请提供的通信配置方法进行说明：
OLT与eNB通过网关连接，OLT和eNB均配置有对方的IP地址，通过IP地址可以互相访问。OLT可以周期性向eNB发送ONU序列号请求消息，ONU序列号请求消息的格式是IP报文。eNB收到ONU序列号请求消息后，在小区内广播ONU序列号请求消息，小区内未注册的ONU可以响应ONU序列号请求消息。以ONU1为例，ONU1响应ONU序列号请求消息，将自身的序列号SN1发送给eNB，由eNB转发给OLT。OLT获取SN1后，为ONU1分配ONU标识，以ID1为例。OLT可以通过eNB将ID1发送给ONU1，或者OLT从PON接口通过光纤将ID1发送给ONU1。ONU1将光通信标识配置为ID1。由此可见，OLT为ONU1分配ONU标识过程中无需开设静默窗口。
在OLT和ONU1通过GPS进行时间同步的条件下，OLT向ONU1发送测距请求消息，测距请求消息携带的发送时刻记为t1，ONU1收到测距请求消息的时刻记为t2，则在光纤中下行传播时延Delay_d＝t2-t1。Delay_d以1ms为例，ONU1的响应时间RspTime以100μs为例，ONU1将Delay_d和RspTime携带在测距响应信息中，OLT根据Delay_d计算在光纤中上行传播时延Delay_u，Delay_u以1.01ms为例，则确定往返时延为1000+100+1010＝2110μs。然后OLT为ONU1设置均衡时延，以5μs为例，将该均衡时延发送给ONU1，ONU1将均衡时延设置为5μs。此时，ONU1进入正常工作模式，通过PON接口以突发模式发送上行数据。这样，OLT与ONU1通过PON接口进行光通信。
在OLT、eNB和ONU1通过PTP进行时间同步的情况下，OLT向ONU1发送第一测距请求消息，第一测距请求消息携带的发送时刻记为t1，ONU1收到第一测距请求消息的时刻记为t2，则在光纤中下行传播时延Delay_d＝t2-t1。Delay_d以1ms为例，ONU1的响应时间RspTime以100μs为例，ONU1将Delay_d和RspTime携带在测距响应信息中，OLT根据Delay_d计算在光纤中上行传播时延Delay_u，Delay_u以1.01ms为例。OLT确定第一往返时延RTD1＝1000+100+1010＝2110μs。然后，OLT为ONU1设置第一均衡时延EqD1，以5μs为例，将EqD1发送给ONU1，ONU1将均衡时延设置为5μs。
第二测距请求消息的发送时刻记为t3，时间校准误差为5μs，OLT根据t3、Delay_d、RspTime和EqD确定ONU1发送第二测距响应信息的时刻t4，并确定静默窗口为[t4-5μs，t4+5μs]。OLT还可以确定OLT接收第二测距响应的时刻t5＝t4+1010μs，目标时段为[t5-5μs，t5+5μs]。
OLT广播静默指示，除了ONU1之外的ONU在静默窗口暂停向OLT发送数据。OLT通过光纤向ONU1发送第二测距请求消息，ONU1在静默窗口向OLT发送第二测距响应信息，则OLT在[t5-5μs，t5+5μs]只会收到第二测距响应信息，不会收到其他ONU发送的信息。设第二测距响应信息携带往返时延RTD2＝2100μs，则根据RTD2确定第二均衡时延EqD2。
从以上可以看出，在ONU注册过程中，OLT通过无线网络设备与ONU通信，由于获取注册相关信息时没有通过光纤链路，因此可以不设置静默窗口或者将静默窗口设置的 很小，从而降低对其他ONU造成的业务延迟。
请参阅图9，本申请提供一种OLT900，能够实现图4所示实施例或可选实施例中OLT的功能。该OLT900包括：
发送模块901，用于通过无线网络设备向第一ONU发送ONU序列号请求消息，ONU序列号请求消息用于指示待注册的ONU发送ONU序列号；
接收模块902，用于通过无线网络设备接收第一ONU发送的ONU序列号；
处理模块903，用于根据ONU序列号为第一ONU分配ONU标识。
基于图9所示实施例，在一个可选实施例中，OLT900还包括：
发送模块903，还用于将包括ONU标识的消息通过无线网络设备发送给第一ONU。
请参阅图10，本申请还提供一种ONU1000，能够实现图4所示的实施例或可选实施例中第一ONU的功能。ONU1000包括：
接收模块1001，用于通过无线网络设备接收OLT发送的ONU序列号请求消息；
处理模块1002，用于响应ONU序列号请求消息，获取第一ONU的ONU序列号；
发送模块1003，用于将第一ONU的ONU序列号通过无线网络设备发送给OLT。
基于图10所示实施例，在一个可选实施例中，
接收模块1001，还用于通过无线网络设备，接收OLT发送的包括ONU标识的消息；
处理模块1002，还用于根据ONU标识设置光通信标识。
请参阅图11，本申请还提供一种OLT1100，能够实现图5至图8所示的任意一个实施例或可选实施例中OLT的功能。OLT1100包括：
发送模块1101，用于按照单播方式，通过光纤链路向第一ONU发送第一测距请求消息；
接收模块1102，用于通过无线网络设备，接收第一ONU发送的第一测距响应信息；
处理模块1103，用于根据第一测距响应信息确定第一均衡时延。
基于图11所示实施例，在一个可选实施例中，
处理模块1103，具体用于当第一测距响应信息包括下行传播时延和ONU响应时间时，根据下行传播时延确定上行传播时延，根据下行传播时延、ONU响应时间和上行传播时延确定往返时延，根据往返时延确定第一均衡时延。
基于图11所示实施例，在另一个可选实施例中，处理模块1103具体用于当第一测距响应信息包括往返时延时，根据往返时延确定第一均衡时延。
基于图11所示实施例或可选实施例，在另一个可选实施例中，
处理模块1103，还用于在发送模块1101按照单播方式，通过光纤链路向第一ONU发送第一测距请求消息之前，使用GPS，与第一ONU进行时间同步。
基于图11所示实施例或可选实施例，在另一个可选实施例中，
处理模块1103，还用于在处理模块1103根据第一测距响应信息确定第一均衡时延之后，获取第二测距请求消息的发送时刻；
处理模块1103，还用于根据第二测距请求消息的发送时刻、第一测距响应信息、第一均衡时延和时间校准误差确定静默窗口以及目标时段，静默窗口的大小对应于两倍的时间 校准误差，时间校准误差为从时间服务器获取的时刻与真实时刻之间的误差；
发送模块1101，还用于广播静默指示，以及按照单播方式向第一ONU发送第二测距请求消息，静默指示用于指示其他ONU在静默窗口暂停发送数据，以避免OLT在目标时段接收到其他ONU发送的数据，其他ONU是指除了第一ONU之外与OLT进行通信的ONU；
接收模块1102，还用于在目标时段接收第一ONU通过光纤链路发送的第二测距响应信息；
处理模块1103，还用于根据第二测距响应信息确定第二均衡时延。
请参阅图12，本申请还提供一种ONU1200，能够实现图5至图8所示的任意一个实施例或可选实施例中第一ONU的功能。ONU1200包括：
接收模块1201，用于接收OLT通过光纤链路发送的第一测距请求消息；
处理模块1202，用于响应第一测距请求消息，生成第一测距响应信息；
发送模块1203，用于将第一测距响应信息通过无线网络设备发送给OLT。
基于图12所示实施例，在一个可选实施例中，处理模块1203，还用于在接收模块1201接收OLT通过光纤链路发送的第一测距请求消息之前，使用GPS，与OLT进行时间同步。
基于图12所示实施例，在另一个可选实施例中，
接收模块1201，还用于接收OLT通过光纤链路发送的第二测距请求消息；
处理模块1202，还用于响应第二测距请求消息，生成第二测距响应信息；
发送模块1203，还用于将第二测距响应信息通过光纤链路发送给OLT。
请参阅图13，本申请提供一种通信系统1300，包括：
OLT1301、无线网络设备1301以及ONU1303；
OLT与无线网络设备通过有线网络接口通信，无线网络设备与ONU通过无线网络接口通信，OLT与ONU通过光网络接口通信；
OLT1301可以是图9所示实施例或可选实施例中的OLT；
ONU1303可以是图10所示实施例或可选实施例中的ONU。
在另一个可能的实现方式中，图13所示的通信系统1300中OLT1301可以是图11所示实施例或可选实施例中的OLT，ONU可以是图12所示实施例或可选实施例中的ONU。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。
所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本发明实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线)或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存储的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储 设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘(Solid State Disk，SSD))等。
以上所述，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (26)

  1. 一种通信配置方法，其特征在于，所述方法所应用的通信系统包括光线路终端OLT、第一光网络单元ONU和无线网络设备，所述OLT通过所述无线网络设备与所述第一ONU通信，所述方法包括：
    所述OLT通过所述无线网络设备向所述第一ONU发送ONU序列号请求消息，所述ONU序列号请求消息用于指示待注册的ONU发送ONU序列号；
    所述OLT通过所述无线网络设备接收所述第一ONU发送的ONU序列号，根据所述ONU序列号为所述第一ONU分配ONU标识。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述根据所述ONU序列号为所述第一ONU分配ONU标识之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述OLT将包括所述ONU标识的消息通过所述无线网络设备发送给所述第一ONU。
  3. 一种通信配置方法，其特征在于，所述方法所应用的通信系统包括光线路终端OLT、第一光网络单元ONU和无线网络设备，所述OLT通过所述无线网络设备与所述第一ONU通信，所述方法包括：
    所述第一ONU通过所述无线网络设备接收所述OLT发送的ONU序列号请求消息；
    所述第一ONU响应所述ONU序列号请求消息，获取所述第一ONU的ONU序列号；
    所述第一ONU将所述第一ONU的ONU序列号通过所述无线网络设备发送给所述OLT。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一ONU通过所述无线网络设备，接收所述OLT发送的包括ONU标识的消息；
    所述第一ONU根据所述ONU标识设置光通信标识。
  5. 一种通信配置方法，其特征在于，所述方法所应用的通信系统包括光线路终端OLT、第一光网络单元ONU和无线网络设备，所述OLT通过所述无线网络设备与所述第一ONU通信，且所述OLT通过光纤链路与所述第一ONU通信，所述方法包括：
    所述OLT按照单播方式，通过光纤链路向所述第一ONU发送第一测距请求消息；
    所述OLT通过所述无线网络设备，接收所述第一ONU发送的第一测距响应信息；
    所述OLT根据所述第一测距响应信息确定第一均衡时延。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一测距响应信息包括下行传播时延和ONU响应时间；
    所述OLT根据所述第一测距响应信息确定第一均衡时延包括：所述OLT根据所述下行传播时延确定上行传播时延，根据所述下行传播时延、所述ONU响应时间和所述上行传播时延确定往返时延，根据所述往返时延确定第一均衡时延。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一测距响应信息包括往返时延；
    所述OLT根据所述第一测距响应信息确定第一均衡时延包括：所述OLT根据所述往返时延确定第一均衡时延。
  8. 根据权利要求5至7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述OLT按照单播方式，通过光纤链路向所述第一ONU发送第一测距请求消息之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述OLT使用全球定位系统GPS，与所述第一ONU进行时间同步。
  9. 根据权利要求5至7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述OLT根据所述第一测距响应信息确定第一均衡时延之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述OLT获取第二测距请求消息的发送时刻，根据所述第二测距请求消息的发送时刻、所述第一测距响应信息、所述第一均衡时延和时间校准误差确定静默窗口以及目标时段，所述静默窗口的大小对应于两倍的所述时间校准误差，所述时间校准误差为从时间服务器获取的时刻与真实时刻之间的误差；
    所述OLT广播静默指示，以及按照单播方式向所述第一ONU发送所述第二测距请求消息，所述静默指示用于指示其他ONU在所述静默窗口暂停发送数据，以避免所述OLT在所述目标时段接收到所述其他ONU发送的数据，所述其他ONU是指除了所述第一ONU之外与所述OLT进行通信的ONU；
    所述OLT在所述目标时段接收所述第一ONU通过所述光纤链路发送的第二测距响应信息，根据所述第二测距响应信息确定第二均衡时延。
  10. 一种通信配置方法，其特征在于，所述方法所应用的通信系统包括光线路终端OLT、第一光网络单元ONU和无线网络设备，所述OLT通过所述无线网络设备与所述第一ONU通信，且所述OLT通过光纤链路与所述第一ONU通信，所述方法包括：
    所述第一ONU接收所述OLT通过光纤链路发送的第一测距请求消息；
    所述第一ONU响应所述第一测距请求消息，生成第一测距响应信息；
    所述第一ONU将所述第一测距响应信息通过所述无线网络设备发送给所述OLT。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述第一ONU接收所述OLT通过光纤链路发送的第一测距请求消息之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一ONU使用全球定位系统GPS，与所述OLT进行时间同步。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述第一ONU将所述第一测距响应信息通过所述无线网络设备发送给所述OLT之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一ONU接收所述OLT通过所述光纤链路发送的第二测距请求消息；
    所述第一ONU响应所述第二测距请求消息，生成第二测距响应信息；
    所述第一ONU将所述第二测距响应信息通过所述光纤链路发送给所述OLT。
  13. 一种光线路终端OLT，其特征在于，包括：
    发送模块，用于通过所述无线网络设备向所述第一ONU发送ONU序列号请求消息，所述ONU序列号请求消息用于指示待注册的ONU发送ONU序列号；
    接收模块，用于通过所述无线网络设备接收所述第一ONU发送的ONU序列号；
    处理模块，用于根据所述ONU序列号为所述第一ONU分配ONU标识。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的OLT，其特征在于，所述OLT还包括：
    所述发送模块，还用于将包括所述ONU标识的消息通过所述无线网络设备发送给所述第一ONU。
  15. 一种光网络单元ONU，其特征在于，所述ONU作为第一ONU，所述ONU包括：
    接收模块，用于通过所述无线网络设备接收所述OLT发送的ONU序列号请求消息；
    处理模块，用于响应所述ONU序列号请求消息，获取所述第一ONU的ONU序列号；
    发送模块，用于将所述第一ONU的ONU序列号通过所述无线网络设备发送给所述OLT。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的ONU，其特征在于，
    所述接收模块，还用于通过所述无线网络设备，接收所述OLT发送的包括ONU标识的消息；
    所述处理模块，还用于根据所述ONU标识设置光通信标识。
  17. 一种光线路终端OLT，其特征在于，所述OLT包括：
    发送模块，用于按照单播方式，通过光纤链路向所述第一ONU发送第一测距请求消息；
    接收模块，用于通过所述无线网络设备，接收所述第一ONU发送的第一测距响应信息；
    处理模块，用于根据所述第一测距响应信息确定第一均衡时延。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的OLT，其特征在于，
    所述处理模块，具体用于当所述第一测距响应信息包括下行传播时延和ONU响应时间时，根据所述下行传播时延确定上行传播时延，根据所述下行传播时延、所述ONU响应时间和所述上行传播时延确定往返时延，根据所述往返时延确定第一均衡时延。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的OLT，其特征在于，所述处理模块具体用于当所述第一测距响应信息包括往返时延时，根据所述往返时延确定第一均衡时延。
  20. 根据权利要求17至19中任一项所述的OLT，其特征在于，
    所述处理模块，还用于在所述发送模块按照单播方式，通过光纤链路向所述第一ONU发送第一测距请求消息之前，使用全球定位系统GPS，与所述第一ONU进行时间同步。
  21. 根据权利要求17至19中任一项所述的OLT，其特征在于，
    所述处理模块，还用于在所述处理模块根据所述第一测距响应信息确定第一均衡时延之后，获取第二测距请求消息的发送时刻；
    所述处理模块，还用于根据所述第二测距请求消息的发送时刻、所述第一测距响应信息、所述第一均衡时延和时间校准误差确定静默窗口以及目标时段，所述静默窗口的大小对应于两倍的所述时间校准误差，所述时间校准误差为从时间服务器获取的时刻与真实时刻之间的误差；
    所述发送模块，还用于广播静默指示，以及按照单播方式向所述第一ONU发送第二测距请求消息，所述静默指示用于指示其他ONU在所述静默窗口暂停发送数据，以避免所述OLT在所述目标时段接收到所述其他ONU发送的数据，所述其他ONU是指除了所述第一ONU之外与所述OLT进行通信的ONU；
    所述接收模块，还用于在所述目标时段接收所述第一ONU通过所述光纤链路发送的第二测距响应信息；
    所述处理模块，还用于根据所述第二测距响应信息确定第二均衡时延。
  22. 一种光网络单元ONU，其特征在于，所述ONU作为第一ONU，所述ONU包括：
    接收模块，用于接收所述OLT通过光纤链路发送的第一测距请求消息；
    处理模块，用于响应所述第一测距请求消息，生成第一测距响应信息；
    发送模块，用于将所述第一测距响应信息通过所述无线网络设备发送给所述OLT。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的ONU，其特征在于，所述处理模块，还用于在所述接收模块接收所述OLT通过光纤链路发送的第一测距请求消息之前，使用全球定位系统GPS，与所述OLT进行时间同步。
  24. 根据权利要求22所述的ONU，其特征在于，
    所述接收模块，还用于接收所述OLT通过所述光纤链路发送的第二测距请求消息；
    所述处理模块，还用于响应所述第二测距请求消息，生成第二测距响应信息；
    所述发送模块，还用于将所述第二测距响应信息通过光纤链路发送给所述OLT。
  25. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，包括：
    如权利要求13或14所述的OLT、无线网络设备以及如权利要求15或16所述的ONU；
    所述OLT与所述无线网络设备通过有线网络接口通信，所述无线网络设备与所述ONU通过无线网络接口通信，所述OLT与所述ONU通过光网络接口通信。
  26. 一种通信系统，其特征在于，包括：
    如权利要求17至21中任一项所述的OLT、无线网络设备以及如权利要求22至24中任一项所述的ONU；
    所述OLT与所述无线网络设备通过有线网络接口通信，所述无线网络设备与所述ONU通过无线网络接口通信，所述OLT与所述ONU通过光网络接口通信。
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