WO2018162595A1

WO2018162595A1 - Method for producing a fibre-reinforced component

Info

Publication number: WO2018162595A1
Application number: PCT/EP2018/055669
Authority: WO
Inventors: André Rochus HIEBELER
Original assignee: Grob Aircraft Se
Priority date: 2017-03-10
Filing date: 2018-03-07
Publication date: 2018-09-13
Also published as: EP3582956A1; DE102018105280A1; AR111267A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a fibre-reinforced, force-transmitting component. The method comprises the sequence of the following steps: arranging unidirectionally oriented fibrous material, which is at least part of a fibre-plastic composite semifinished product, in relation to a preform according to the main force directions in the component, in such a way that the unidirectionally oriented fibrous material absorbs the main forces in the finished component; at least partially surrounding the preform with random-fibre material that is at least part of a fibre-plastic composite semifinished product; and hardening the preform together with the random-fibre material.

Description

"Method for the production of a fiber-reinforced component"

The invention relates to a method for the production of a fiber-reinforced, forces-transmitting component.

In the prior art, fiber-reinforced plastics or fiber composite plastics are well known. This is a material consisting of reinforcing fibers and a plastic matrix (for example a synthetic resin). It is also known to realize components, which are claimed predominantly in a preferred direction, as fiber composite plastic components, in which unidirectionally oriented fiber material, wel- At least part of a fiber-plastic composite semifinished product is used.

From DE 10 2015 101 564 a method for producing fiber-reinforced synthetic resin materials is known. In this prior art, uninterrupted fibers which are not further prepared or changed are pressed in a fiber reinforced resin element processing step. For example, hoods for vehicles are manufactured with such a method.

The same is also known from DE 10 2014 215 964. Here will be described a method of manufacturing a SMC device provided with a unidirectional fiber web. In the process, the unidirectional, flat fiber layer is first cut to the shape of the component and then placed in a preform mold in its own stable spatial form. Afterwards it is pressed in a second step with a non-directional SMC semi-finished product.

This prior art exploits the significant weight reduction through the use of the fiber reinforced synthetic resin material.

Based on this prior art, the invention has taken on the task of developing a solution for the production of weight-reduced and transmitting forces or torques components. Such components would be used for example in aircraft.

To achieve this object, the invention proposes a method for the production of a fiber-reinforced component transmitting forces or torques, which is characterized by the sequence of the following steps:

Arrangement of a unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand in or on a template to form a preform of the art, that the fiber material strand is arranged along straight and curved sections, forming a spatial structure and thus the fiber material strand in the finished, forces-transmitting component receives the main forces.

The preform is at least partially surrounded by random fiber material, which is or will be at least part of a fiber-plastic composite semi-finished product.

Joint hardening of the preform with the random fiber material.

In the prior art (both components made of metal as well as plastic composite materials) was a higher mechanical stability of the component associated with a higher component weight. The trick of the invention is that a way has been found, as the usually conflicting tasks of low component weight on the one hand and high mechanical stress on the other hand can be combined in a component and a manufacturing method for such a component.

The method according to the invention provides for the production of a preform in a first step. The preform forms in the finished component, so to speak, the skeleton or the support structure, and is optimally adapted to the load application of the component. This happens, for example, in that the force load of the component is determined and then sufficient equipment of the finished component with the unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand is provided at the important and correct areas of the component. For example, in the construction of the component, the load topology, ie the load distribution that is to be expected or required in the component during use of the component, is recorded or determined (for example with methods of component design using the finite element method) and corresponding this determined load topology then designed the preform, which is then realized in the described manufacturing process as a first step.

It is characteristic that the unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand is not arranged flat, but along lines of force or curves, optionally with straight and / or bent sections. The method proposed according to the invention therefore proposes the production of complex components which transmit forces or moments, wherein initially only the unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand optimally orientates and aligns in the template, optionally with further elements relating to the force line (see below), is arranged.

Preferably, the method described above in the sequence described, that is performed exactly in this order.

The preform to be formed in the first step therefore describes at least one spatial structure, i. H. it forms a two-dimensional or preferably three-dimensional physical structure or unit which, after its manufacture, is sufficiently durable and stable to be able to be removed from the template and then connected to the fiberglass material and finished in a second processing step following the first step become.

Thus, the method according to the invention solves the problem posed in the beginning in a simple as well as in a flexible manner, and allows the production of a weight-reduced or weight-optimized but topologically optimally adapted component.

The scope of this method is very variable, since the design of the preform in principle very variable is possible and a variety of different spatial structures can be realized.

The method according to the invention skillfully combines the properties of the unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand with the properties of the random fiber material. As already described, the unidirectionally oriented fiber material is responsible for absorbing the forces in the main force direction. On the other hand, the fiber material, due to its structure, has the property of absorbing forces in any direction and thus also of lateral forces. Of course, it is also clear that the height of the lateral forces is significantly lower than that of the main forces. Both the unidirectionally oriented fiber material and the random fiber material are or will at least be part of a fiber-plastic composite semifinished product. The fiber-plastic composite semi-finished product consists of a fiber content and a resin, for example polyester, epoxy or vinyl ester resin, optionally the semi-finished product also includes other fillers or additives. It is known to use this semi-finished as industrially premixed or prepared products. However, the invention also includes the variant that the components of the semi-finished product only come together during the production of the component (or the preform) and then form or become the semi-finished product. Both variants are part of the invention.

One advantage is that the respective plastic components of the two different fiber-plastic composite semifinished products interact in a skilful manner, whereby the two semi-finished products are not processed simultaneously but one behind the other, since at least part of a fiber material is formed from the unidirectionally oriented fiber material. Plastic composite semifinished product is or will, first a preform is formed, which is then later, at least subsequently, optionally also in a different environment, further processed with the random fiber material. In an advantageous embodiment, it is provided that as unidirectionally oriented fiber material, in particular cord-like rovings, impregnated or pre-impregnated rovings, impregnated or pre-impregnated filament bundles, Towpreg or slit tape is provided.

Roving is a bundle, strand or multifilament yarn made of parallel filaments (continuous fibers). Filaments made of glass, aramid, basalt carbon or other substances are most commonly grouped into rovings.

It is known to impregnate filament bundles or rovings, optionally also to provide them prepared. In general, such pre-impregnated fibers are called "prepregs." Prepregs are prepreg-impregnated fiber-matrix semifinished products which are cured under temperature and pressure, the reaction resins consisting of a usually highly viscous but not yet polymerized thermoset plastic matrix.

However, it is also possible to use the method according to the invention with dry, in particular cord-like semi-finished products.

The unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand preferably consists of a bundle of long fiber or continuous fiber material. As long fiber material is considered a fiber material with a length of at least 50 mm, 70 mm, 90 mm or 120 mm. Clever way, the lengths of the fiber material can also be determined on the dimensions of the component. The long fibers may preferably have an average (or minimum) fiber length which corresponds to between 50% and 150%, preferably between 70% and 100%, of a diagonal length of the component to be produced. Endlosfasermaterial can this purpose have a significantly higher average fiber length. For completeness, it should be mentioned that the The term fiber material strand also includes arrangements with individual fibers, this is equivalent to this in the sense of the description.

Clever way is provided that the fiber material strand is arranged as a continuous material or quasi-endless material. Under quasi-endless material, the sectioned arrangement of fiber material extrudates is described in sections, which leads to similar stabilities mechanically.

An essential advantage of this proposal for the design of the unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand is that this cord-like semi-finished product (as a dry, damp or pre-impregnated semi-finished) can be arbitrarily positioned to form any spatial structures in space, in particular. In this case, the preform can be easily equipped with a higher mechanical stability by a corresponding increase in the parallel laid fiber material strands. Simple processing and high flexibility characterize this proposal. It can be executed both manually and automatically.

Furthermore, it is advantageously provided in the proposal that the arrangement of unidirectionally oriented fiber material takes place on or in a mold-supporting tool. In the first part of the method, it is provided that a preform is first formed from the unidirectionally oriented fiber material. The proposal also includes the variant that from the unidirectionally oriented fiber material first a precursor in another mold-supporting tool (for example, a template that serves the shaping of the preform) is produced and then the preform thus produced to another place / in another form is brought to connect to the random fiber material. This form-supporting tool has, for example, pins, pins, pads or the like in order to al in the desired, load-conform form. In this case, the unidirectionally oriented fiber material can be inserted into a mold-supporting or shaping tool or arranged on a mold-supporting tool.

Advantageously, it is provided that the preform evolves to an inherently stable preform to then safely and reliably remove it from the mold-supporting tool, and possibly also to temporarily store.

Furthermore, it is advantageously provided in the proposal that the unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand is stretched at least in sections during placement in the template. On the one hand, this reduces the consumption of fiber material strand and at the same time optimizes the component size. Since the components produced by the process are often claimed to train a strained arrangement of the fiber material strand for an effective, wear-free power transmission is very low. This is achieved in the manufacturing method in that the fiber material strand is held, for example, in a first force-introducing element by a first gripper, that is fixed and the second gripper, which also promotes the fiber material strand, the strand and thus arrives during a movement of this second gripper Clamping the strand is done. In particular, the train achieves an exact straight alignment of the fiber strand of material or fiber strands. This is very favorable for the load bearing and the power flow.

Furthermore, it is provided that in the arrangement of the unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand force-conducting elements such as a / e threaded bushing, bearing shell, bearing, insert, ball bearings, eyelet or bolts are arranged with the unidirectionally oriented fiber material. Cleverly, these force (on or off) conducting elements with the unidirectional connected fiber material, for example, by these entwined (at least partially or Mehrfachschlange) or integrated, in order to achieve the most effective force introduction and -ausleitung in the fiber material strand. The finished component is connected with the force-conducting elements to the corresponding force-transmitting mechanism. By integrating the force-conducting elements into the design and arrangement of the unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand, the force path is optimized.

In a preferred embodiment of the proposal, it is provided that the arrangement of the unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand is automatically or automatically automated, e.g. done with a robot. Especially the rope or string-like fiber material strand is arranged by a robot, which is equipped with a corresponding conveyor for the fiber material strand, in an effective and arbitrary manner.

Cleverly, it is provided that after the arrangement of the unidirectionally oriented fiber material, a hardening, curing or compacting of the preform takes place. This creates an intrinsically stable preform. The process of hardening or curing results from the resin used. During compacting, a compression or compression step takes place, which can also be used optionally in the formation of the preform.

For example, hardening can also be achieved by freezing, in which case the preform arranged is cooled until the liquid constituents in the resin crystallize to give a solid structure. The aim of this step and the proposed variants in this case is to provide after arranging a sufficiently inherently stable preform available that can be removed from the template, then optionally stored and then inserted into the compacting or in one differently designed second step to connect the fiber material.

In a preferred embodiment of the proposal, it is therefore provided that the preform, before it is removed from the template, frozen or partially cured.

Furthermore, it is provided that after the arrangement of the unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand, an intrinsically stable preform is produced.

In a further advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the preform formed remains in the template until its spatial structure has sufficient intrinsic stability.

It is envisaged that, after the preform is surrounded by random fiber material, the preform and random fiber material are compacted in such a way that the random fiber material penetrates into the unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand and / or between the unidirectionally oriented fiber material strands of the preform. It has already been stated that the preform can be formed from a plurality of unidirectionally oriented fiber material strands arranged in parallel. The compacting is a pressing in which on the one hand unwanted air bubbles are pressed out of the composite material and on the other hand, a positive and cohesive bond between the two materials (fiberglass material and fiber material strands) is produced. This is achieved by the fact that the resin base or matrix of the flowable random fiber material penetrates into the unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand and / or between the unidirectionally oriented fiber material strands of the preform. As a result, such a highly stable component is achieved. As a random fiber material in the context of this invention, a semifinished product is understood that consists of crosslinkable resins and fibers. The fibers consist for example of glass, aramid, basalt, carbon or other substances. As the resin is, for example, polyester, epoxy or vinyl ester resin into consideration. The respective combinations are known to the person skilled in the art. The fibers may be short or long fibers, therefore, the length of the fibers is from a few millimeters to 5 cm and more. The exact dimensions of course depend on the type of component. Characteristic of the random fiber material is that the arrangement of the fibers in the random fiber material is spatially homogeneous, ie not unidirectional.

In a further preferred embodiment it is provided that a flowable, reactive resins and fibers containing molding compound, such as Sheet Molding Compound (SMC) or Bulk Molding Compound (BMC) is provided as a random fiber material, and the unidirectionally oriented fiber strand material with the molding compound in a mold , For example, a compacting tool, a pressing tool or the like is pressed.

BMC is thereby made available as a pressable, flowable or sprayable semifinished product, for example as sack or bucket goods.

SMC is available as a plate product.

BMC as well as SMC are preferably processed in a hot pressing process with the unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand.

For example, it is provided that the partially cured preform is cured together with the molding compound containing the fibers and the part of the non-bonded or polymerized molecules of the plastic matrix of the preform is skillfully connected to the molecules of the molding compound and so a homogeneous transition between these two different semi-finished results. The above-described molding compound is available as a ready-to-use semi-finished product on an industrial scale. Of course, compacting is also foreseeable at this step.

Alternatively, it is provided that the random fiber material is provided as a fabric-like fiber mat equipped or endowable with a plastic matrix, which is in particular fabricated to the dimensions of the component or of the preform. This proposal has the advantage that even complex components can be equipped with an optimal combination of load-transferring elements and lateral force-transmitting elements. Again, there is the solution that the fiber-matrix composite is produced only during assembly, so the fiber mat is soaked in the insertion or bonding with the preform with the resin or that pre-impregnated fiber mats are used.

In a further preferred embodiment it is provided that when surrounding the preform with random fiber material in the random fiber material at least one force-introducing or kraftausleitendes elements, such as. Threaded bushings, inserts, grommets or bolts is arranged. The proposal is very flexible with respect to the arrangement of the force-conducting element. This can, as already described, be arranged in the unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand or else in the random fiber material.

It is of course also possible that in the region of the component, where primarily transverse forces are absorbed, corresponding force-conducting elements such as threaded bushes, etc. are provided, which are cleverly embedded in the random fiber material.

Advantageously, it is provided that the random fiber material surrounds the preform on both sides or that the random fiber material only partially encloses the preform. This process step is probably with SMC as well as with BMC material possible. Now, however, the BMC material has a fundamentally better flowability (it is suitable, for example, for injection molding), which is why BMC material is better suited for this process step. The SMC material is arranged, for example, only on one side of the preform and the preform is then in the press or Kompaktier- tool on one side and remains uncoated after the bond with the random fiber material and therefore visible. If the preform is only partially enclosed, this may not affect the mechanical stability, which is defined by the preform. But such a variant saves weight!

As already stated, both BMC and SMC material can be used as random fiber material. The procedure is therefore very variable with regard to the use of the semifinished product, with a view to the component to be realized and with a view to efficient production.

For example, in a first variant it is provided that at least part of the random fiber material is inserted into the compacting tool before the preform. For example, laying out the plate-like SMC material in the compacting tool (the pressing or joining tool) in front of the preform is favorable.

Furthermore, it is advantageously provided in the proposal that, after the preform has been inserted into the compacting tool, the random fiber material is inserted into the compacting tool. It is provided, for example, that the random fiber material covers the preform afterwards, this can also be done, for example, with the compacting tool still open, using, for example, SMC or also BMC material.

It is also envisaged that the preform would be sandwiched between two SMC and / or BMC layers prior to compacting / compression. Of course, a combination of SMC and BMC material is also included in the invention. For example, the following process sequences are possible:

1. Loading SMC material into the compaction tool - Loading the preform into the compaction tool - Loading BMC material into the compaction tool and preform

2. Loading BMC material into the compaction tool - Loading the preform into the compaction tool - Loading SMC material into the compaction tool and onto the preform

In an advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the random fiber material is injected into the compacting tool. For this purpose, preferably BMC-Wirrfasermaterial is used. This proposal allows a highly automated production.

In a preferred embodiment of the proposal, it is provided that the compacting, in particular pressing of the preform with the random fiber material into a component takes place in such a way that the spatial structure of the preform does not change, not significantly, or under consideration of the compacting forces, due to the compaction.

Often, already in the preform force-conducting elements such as eyelets, bolts, etc. are incorporated. Its location in the preform is cleverly already final, ie this arrangement does not change in the finished component. Now, in the manufacture of the preform is pressed with the random fiber material, of course, it acts a process force during compaction on the preform, the process control is such that no changes in the spatial structure of the preform occur or changes occurring are tolerable or even in component planning to be taken into account. So for example, a corresponding Shrinkage or elongation that can occur during compaction, taken into account in the component planning and design.

Advantageously, it is provided that the respective plastic components of the unidirectionally oriented fiber material having fiber-plastic composite and the fiberglass material comprising fiber-plastic composite are chemically compatible with each other. The invention is not limited to the fact that only identical plastic matrix systems are used in the two different semi-finished products, but it is already sufficient that the plastic matrix systems used are sufficiently chemically compatible with each other to a kraftüberleitende and / or shaping To achieve structure in the plastic matrix.

Furthermore, it is advantageously provided in the proposal that the co-curing of the preform with the random fiber material takes place under control of the temperature and / or the pressure, in particular as a function of time. These parameters are also used to control the tempering process for the preform.

Furthermore, it is provided that the unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand is at least part of a fiber-plastic composite semifinished product or in the course of the process becomes a plastic composite semifinished product. This is to be understood that the, for example, cord-like unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand is initially equipped with little or no resin and thereafter, during the arrangement of the unidirectionally oriented strand of fiber material in the stencil coated with resin or sprayed and thus undergoes a Teilaushärtung that this material also developed into a semi-finished plastic composite. In a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that the compacting tool is equipped with fixing means, which interact with the force-introducing and / or force-transmitting elements of the preform during compacting and so during compacting the position of the forces einein and / or force-conducting elements to each other fix.

This improvement achieves that, ideally, the spatial structure, but at least the mutual position of the force-introducing and / or force-transmitting elements, is also at the desired position even after the preform has been connected to the random fiber material, thus ensuring high process reliability. For example, a threaded bushing, bearing shell, bearing point, insert, ball bearing, eye or bolt, ie all possible force-absorbing points in such a mechanical system, count among the force-introducing and / or force-conveying elements.

Furthermore, it is advantageously provided that the co-curing of the preform with the random fiber material takes place in or outside the compacting tool. If the finished pressed, compacted component is sufficiently stable, if appropriate, therefore partially hardened at first, then this can already be removed from the compacting tool and used again for the production of the next component. It is clear that, conversely, it is particularly favorable for fragile applications that the curing process takes place completely in the compacting tool and only the finished cured component is removed.

Advantageously, it is provided that the unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand in the finished component heterogeneous (this means the expert understands a disparate features of the component with the unidirectional fiber strand, ie, there are volume ranges that do not include fiber strand) is arranged. Since also the lasttopologische Load of the component usually in the component is not specifically the same, that is homogeneous, the distribution of the unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand in the component is heterogeneous. A homogeneous structure of the component would be given, for example, if the same material composition existed in each room volume of the component.

Furthermore, it is advantageously provided in the proposal that at least portions of the unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand are arranged so that they concentrate in the finished component at the edge of the component. The prescribed heterogeneous distribution of the fiber material strand preferably leads to the component edge being reinforced, at which, as is known, often the highest loads occur.

In a preferred embodiment of the proposal, it is provided that parts of the fiber material strand are arranged parallel to each other at least in sections. By such an arrangement, the reinforcement is simply reinforced and achieved a higher power consumption.

In an advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the method is characterized by the sequence of the following steps:

Arrangement of a unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand in or on a template into a preform such that the fiber material strand is arranged along straight and curved sections, forms a spatial structure and thus the fiber material strand absorbs the main forces in the finished, force-transmitting component,

Fate of the preform thus formed in the template until its spatial structure has sufficient inherent stability. Removal of the intrinsically stable preform from the template

Inserting the preform, preferably mounted on pins, in a compacting tool,

The preform is at least partially surrounded by random fiber material, which is or is at least part of a fiber-plastic composite semi-finished product,

Compacting, in particular compression of the preform with the fiber material to a component such that the spatial structure of the preform by the compaction is not, not significantly, or changed taking into account the Kompaktierungs- forces changed,

Fate of the component thus formed in the compacting tool until the component has sufficient inherent stability.

Joint hardening of the preform with the random fiber material in or outside of the compacting tool.

Alternatively, it is additionally provided that after the preform is sufficiently intrinsically stable, it is stored at a storage location. Preferably, the method described above in the sequence described, that is performed exactly in this order.

The invention further comprises a fiber-reinforced, torque or torque transmitting component with force application and Kraftausleitungspunkten, wherein the component has a support structure which is filled by a Ausfachmaterial, wherein the support structure is formed by one, along straight and curved portions extending, unidirectional oriented fiber material rialstrang and the Ausfachmaterial is Wirrfasermaterial. It is clear that the support structure described here was created by the preform as described.

As Ausfachmaterial is understood that in a first phase also modelable, then curing in a second phase material that fills the spaces between the unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand or strands.

It is characteristic that the component according to the invention preferably has a plurality of force introduction and / or Kraftausleitungspunk- te. Often an inventive component is also used as a pivotable lever, which means that the component has in addition to the force introduction and / or Kraftausleitungspunkte a bearing point and is pivotable about this bearing point. At this bearing is preferably already a ball bearing, which is integrated with the manufacturing process of the component with the same. For the purposes of this description, this bearing is also a point of introduction and / or force.

Furthermore, it is provided that the at least one force introduction and / or force extraction point is wrapped at least partially or multiply by the fiber material strand.

In a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that the component has not only one of a preform originating support structure, but two or more support structures. These support structures are preferably designed as preforms in the context of this application and are connected in the common process with the random fiber material. In this respect, the method described above can be used in the same way except that instead of a preform two or more preforms are used. Clever manner is provided as a force application or Kraftausleitungspunkt a / a threaded bush, bearing shell, bearing, insert, ball bearing, eye or bolt is provided. Especially when such a component is used as a pivot lever, a bearing point is provided around which the pivot lever is rotatably mounted. Such a depository is also to be understood as a point of introduction or a point of discharge. Such a component is characterized in particular by the fact that it has at least two force introduction or Kraftausleitungspunkte. It should be noted that it is the object of such a component according to the invention to transmit forces or torques between two mechanical units, that is such a component according to the invention undergoes a significant mechanical load by applying force.

Furthermore, the invention also includes the use of a component as described or a component made by a method according to the claims as described for the transmission of forces or torques.

In this context, it should be noted in particular that all features and properties described in relation to the component but also methods are mutatis mutandis transferable with respect to the formulation of the method according to the invention and applicable in the sense of the invention and as disclosed. The same also applies in the opposite direction, that is, only in terms of the method mentioned, structural so device-like features can be considered and claimed within the scope of the claims that are directed to the component and also count to the disclosure.

It should also be pointed out that all features and properties described in relation to the component or the method, but also procedures, also apply mutatis mutandis to the formulation transferable to the use according to the invention and can be used according to the invention and be regarded as co-disclosed.

In the drawings, the invention is shown schematically in particular in one embodiment. Show it:

Fig. 1 in a plan view of the unidirectionally aligned

Fiber strand before placement in a template as a sequence before the start of the process according to the invention

Fig. 2a in a plan view of the template produced

Preform after a first step of the method according to the invention

Fig. 2b is a side view of Figure 2a

Fig. 3 in a side view of the inherently stable preform, which is inserted in a lower part of a compacting tool, after a second step of the method according to the invention

4 shows a side view of the intrinsically stable preform which is inserted into a compacting tool, wherein the compacting tool is now closed by an upper part in order to surround the preform with random fiber material, according to a third step of the method according to the invention

Fig. 5 in a plan view of the preform after a first

Step of the method according to the invention

Fig. 6 in a plan view of the component according to the invention In the figures, the same or corresponding elements are denoted by the same reference numerals and therefore, if not appropriate, will not be described again. The disclosures contained in the entire description are mutatis mutandis to the same parts with the same reference numerals or identical component names transferable. Also, the position information selected in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc. related to the immediately described and illustrated figure and are to be transferred to a new position analogous to the new situation. Furthermore, individual features or combinations of features from the illustrated and described different embodiments may represent for themselves, inventive or inventive solutions.

In the figure sequence of Figure 1, 2a, 2b, 3 and 4, the main steps of the method according to the invention are shown schematically.

FIG. 1 shows the cord-like unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand 1, which is prepared and stored for the production of the preform. This is, for example meandering reproached, but can be stored differently.

The cord-like unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand is inserted in a first step of the method in a template, not shown. Favorably, the fiber material strand 1 is arranged along straight 10 and bent 11 sections. An essential advantage of the proposal according to the invention lies in the fact that the cord-like unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand 1 can be arbitrarily arranged in space and thus optimally adapted to the load-topological properties of the finished component to be formed. Preferably, the fiber material strand 1 is formed endless or quasiendlos. FIG. 2 a shows the finished preform 2, which is already equipped with a plurality of force-conducting elements 20, 21, 22 (force-feeding or outgoing from the component). In the embodiment shown here, these are provided as bearing shells, eyelets or bearings. Cleverly, the cordless unidirectional aligned fiber strand 1 is wound around these elements, so as to achieve an optimal force input and output into the preform 2 but also the finished component 8.

Figure 2b shows a side view of the preform 2, this is not only two-dimensional, but in the embodiment shown here, three-dimensional, so has a curvature.

As soon as the preform 2 is sufficiently intrinsically stable, various possibilities have been listed in the upper part, this can be taken from the template and optionally further processed immediately or temporarily stored.

In the next step, this preform 2 is surrounded by random fiber material, for this purpose the preform 2 is placed in a compacting tool 3, more precisely in the lower part 30 of the compacting tool 3. The compacting tool 3 has a plurality of support pins 4, 4 a, 4 b, which support the edge of the preform 2 and ensure that the preform 2 is spaced from the tool base 33. The space between the preform 2 and the tool base 33 is then filled in the next processing step with the random fiber material 14 and pressed with the preform 2, so compacted.

However, before the filling of the random fiber material 14 is carried out, the compacting tool 3 is skilfully connected with its top surface. Part 31 closed, this closing movement is indicated by the arrow 32. It is noteworthy that the tool roof 34 on the top of the preform 2 of these is somewhat objectionable, because even this space will then be filled by the fiber material 14.

Both the lower part 30 and the upper part 31 of the compacting tool 3 each have a plurality of feed channels 5 for the random fiber material 14. Once the compacting tool 3 has been reliably and firmly closed, the random fiber material 14 (preferably BMC) is fed into the tool interior via the feed channels 5 pressed and so pressed the preform 2 with the random fiber material 14. It is clear that there are several different variants in the prior art for pressing over the preform 2 with the randomizer material 14 (BMC or SMC material), which are equivalent here.

It is clear to those skilled in the art that, of course, in such a production in the Kompaktierwerkzeug 3 also venting channels are provided. The air displaced by the inflowing authoring material can escape via these venting channels.

FIG. 6 shows the finished component 8 whose body is dominated by the random fiber material 14 as a filler material, but has corresponding injection-molded webs (here also made of random fiber material 14) which form in the region of the unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand 1 which results in the supporting structure.

Figure 5 shows the preform 2. With 97, 98 and 99 parts of the template are indicated, around which the straight 10 and bent 11 sections of the unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand 1 are laid and are guided by these template parts 97, 98 and 99, until they pass through a hardening process or the like is sufficiently intrinsically stable to be taken out of the stencil. In the end region or corner regions of the preform 2, and of course on the finished component 8 are force-conducting (force from the component or diverting) elements 20, 21,22, here for example bearing lugs. Typically, the finished component 8 is used as a handlebar, which is rotatably mounted on the bearing 21, (for example, on a shaft or bolt) and is acted upon at the bearing 20 with a force that pivots this handlebar in the clockwise direction about the bearing 21 and so also the second bearing 22 pivoted in the clockwise direction. At the second bearing 22 another mechanical element, for example, a lever or rod is connected, which then forwards this force.

It is clear that the preform 2 must first sufficiently stable that this position stable (in particular based on the arrangement of the bearings 20, 21, 22 to each other) can be removed from the template and further processed or stored after its production.

Finally, a post-processing step can then take place in which, for example, the injection card are removed or the component is sandblasted.

The claims now filed with the application and later are without prejudice to the attainment of further protection.

If, on closer examination, in particular also of the relevant prior art, it emerges that one or the other feature is favorable for the purpose of the invention, but not decisive, then it is of course already desired to formulate such a feature , in particular in the main claim, no longer having. Such a sub-combination is also covered by the disclosure of this application. It should further be noted that the embodiments and variants of the invention described in the various embodiments and shown in the figures can be combined with one another as desired. Here, one or more features are arbitrarily interchangeable. These feature combinations are also disclosed with.

The referenced in the dependent claims refer back to the further development of the subject of the main claim by the features of the respective subclaim. However, these are not to be understood as a waiver of obtaining independent, objective protection for the features of the dependent claims.

Features which have been disclosed only in the description or also individual features from claims which comprise a plurality of features can at any time be taken over as being of essential importance for the purpose of differentiation from the prior art in the independent claim (s), even then, if such features have been mentioned in connection with other features, or achieve particularly favorable results in connection with other features.

Claims

Claims:

1. A process for the production of a fiber-reinforced, torque or torque transmitting component, characterized by the sequence of the following steps:

Arrangement of a unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand in or on a template into a preform such that the fiber material strand is arranged along straight and curved sections, forms a spatial structure and thus the fiber material strand absorbs the main forces in the finished, force-transmitting component.

The preform is at least partially surrounded by random fiber material which is or will be at least part of a fiber-plastic composite semifinished product,

- co-curing of the preform with the random fiber material.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as a unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand, in particular cord-like rovings, impregnated or preimpregnated Roving, impregnated or pre-impregnated Filamentbün- del, Towreg or slit tape is provided.

Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in the arrangement of the unidirectionally oriented strand of fiber material, at least one force-conducting element, such as e.g. a threaded bushing, bearing shell, bearing, insert, ball bearing, eyelet or bolt is arranged with or in the unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand.

4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand is stretched at least partially when arranged in the template.

5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the preform, before it is removed from the stencil, is frozen or partially cured and / or after the arrangement of unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand hardening, curing or compacting of the preform he follows.

6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that after arranging the unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand, an inherently stable preform is formed and / or the formed preform remains in the template until the spatial structure has sufficient inherent stability.

7. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that after the preform is surrounded with random fiber material, preform and random fiber material are compacted such that the random fiber material in the unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand and / or between the unidirectionally oriented fiber material strands of the preform penetrates and / or when surrounding the preform with random fiber material in the random fiber material at least one force-inducing or kraftleitleitendes elements, such as a / a threaded bush, bearing shell, bearing, insert, ball bearing, eye or bolt is arranged.

8. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the random fiber material surrounds the preform on both sides or the random fiber material partially encloses the preform and / or at least a portion of the random fiber material is inserted before the preform in the compacting tool.

9. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that after the preform has been inserted into the compacting, the random fiber material is inserted into the compacting and / or random fiber material is injected into the compacting tool.

10. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compacting, in particular compression of the preform with the random fiber material to a component is such that the spatial structure of the preform by the compaction not, not significantly, or taking into account the Kompaktierungskräfte planned changed and / or compacting tool is equipped with fixing, which cooperate with the force einein and / or Kräferteusleitleitenden elements of the preform during compacting and so fix the position of the force einein and / or force-conducting elements to each other during compacting. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the co-curing of the preform with the random fiber material takes place in or outside the compacting tool and / or the unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand is arranged heterogeneously in the finished component.

Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least portions of the unidirectionally oriented fiber material strand are arranged so that they concentrate in the finished component at the edge of the component.

Process for the production of a fiber-reinforced, force-transmitting component, in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the sequence of the following steps:

- Keep the thus formed preform in the template until its spatial structure has sufficient inherent stability.

Removal of the intrinsically stable preform from the template

Inserting the preform, preferably mounted on pins, into a compacting tool, The preform is at least partially surrounded by random fiber material which is or will be at least part of a fiber-plastic composite semifinished product,

Compacting, in particular pressing of the preform with the random fiber material into a component in such a way that the spatial structure of the preform is not changed by the compaction, not substantially, or planned with consideration of the compaction forces,

- the component thus formed remains in the compacting tool until the component has sufficient intrinsic stability.

- Joint curing of the preform with the random fiber material in or outside the Kompaktierwerkzeuges

14. Fiber-reinforced, force-transmitting component with force application and force delivery points (20, 21, 22), wherein the component (8) has a support structure, which is filled by a Ausfachmaterial, wherein the support structure is formed by one, along straight and curved Section (10, 11) extending, unidirectionally oriented fiber strand of material (1) and the Ausfachmaterial Wirrfasermaterial (14).

15. Use of a component according to claim 14 or a component which is produced by a method according to claims 1 to 13 for the transmission of forces or torques.