WO2018162421A1 - Procédé de fermeture d'un disjoncteur mécatronique - Google Patents

Procédé de fermeture d'un disjoncteur mécatronique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018162421A1
WO2018162421A1 PCT/EP2018/055363 EP2018055363W WO2018162421A1 WO 2018162421 A1 WO2018162421 A1 WO 2018162421A1 EP 2018055363 W EP2018055363 W EP 2018055363W WO 2018162421 A1 WO2018162421 A1 WO 2018162421A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
closing
branch
circuit breaker
transmission link
power transmission
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2018/055363
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Yang Yang
Dan Penache
Wolfgang Grieshaber
Bruno Lefebvre
Original Assignee
General Electric Technology Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Technology Gmbh filed Critical General Electric Technology Gmbh
Publication of WO2018162421A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018162421A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H01H33/6661—Combination with other type of switch, e.g. for load break switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/045—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts for arcs formed during closing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/16—Impedances connected with contacts
    • H01H33/166—Impedances connected with contacts the impedance being inserted only while closing the switch
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H01H9/548—Electromechanical and static switch connected in series

Definitions

  • the invention concerns the field of direct current (DC) transmission networks. Particularly, the invention relates to different possible sequencing scenarios for closing a mechatronic circuit breaker (MCB) in order to restore the power flow.
  • DC direct current
  • MBC mechatronic circuit breaker
  • HVDC high-voltage direct current
  • the MCB comprises a main branch which comprises at least one semiconductor component breaker cell electrically in parallel with an energy absorber and with at least one mechanical switch- disconnector capable firstly of passing the steady current in its closed position with minimum insertion losses, thus avoiding high losses in the semiconductor breaker component(s) , and secondly of withstanding the recovery voltage at the terminals of the device in its open position.
  • power flow restoration shall depend on the state of the power transmission link (e.g. cable, overhead line, gas insulated line) fed by the mechatronic circuit breaker, and in particular the circumstances under which the current breaking occurred, in order to avoid or limit the disturbances on the network, and to not permanently damage the mechatronic circuit breaker.
  • the power transmission link e.g. cable, overhead line, gas insulated line
  • An aim of the invention is thus to define different scenarios for closing a mechatronic circuit breaker that can be employed to restore the power flow.
  • Another aim of the invention is also to define different scenarios for closing a mechatronic circuit breaker that can be implemented, without any modification, on an existing mechatronic circuit breaker.
  • Another aim of the present invention is also to define a method for charging a power transmission link supplied by the mechatronic circuit breaker.
  • Another aim of the present invention is also to define a method for detecting a fault present on the power transmission link supplied by the mechatronic circuit breaker.
  • the aforementioned aims are, at least partly, attained by method for closing a mechatronic circuit breaker, the mechatronic circuit breaker having a main branch adapted for conducting a nominal load current to a power transmission link, the main branch comprising at least one main module with at least one sub-branch comprising at least one mechanical switch-disconnector connected in series with at least one breaker cell constituted of at least one power semiconductor element with controlled duty ratio, the main branch being connected in series with a pre-insertion module, the pre-insertion module comprising a pre-insertion resistance in parallel with a by-pass switch, the mechatronic circuit breaker and the pre-insertion module forming an assembly having a first terminal and a second terminal, respectively connected to a source and the power transmission link, the method comprising the following steps: first close the at least one mechanical switch-disconnector when the voltage difference between the voltages at the first and the second terminals is below a predetermined first threshold voltage; close the by-pass switch; close the at least one power semiconductor element with controlled
  • the voltage difference is repeatedly measured before triggering the step a) of closing the at least one mechanical switch-disconnector.
  • the predetermined first threshold voltage is a first withstand voltage of the at least one power semiconductor element with controlled duty ratio
  • the method being further characterized in that the steps a) and b) are carried out almost simultaneously, and the step c) of closing the at least one power semiconductor element with controlled duty ratio is triggered upon completion of step a).
  • the predetermined first threshold voltage is the sum of a first withstand voltage of the at least one power semiconductor element with controlled duty ratio and a second voltage corresponding to the product of an electrical resistance of the pre-insertion resistance by a making current of the at least one mechanical switch-disconnector, the method being further characterized in that step c) is triggered when the current flowing through the main branch is below a current threshold and the step b) is carried out upon completion of step c).
  • the mechatronic circuit breaker further comprises a first temporization branch in parallel with the main branch, the first temporization branch comprising, in series, a first thyristor and at least one first switching-assistance module with at least one first capacitor, electrically in parallel with a first discharge resistance and a first voltage surge arrester, the method being characterized in that the first temporization branch and the at least one mechanical switch-disconnector are closed simultaneously during step a), then step c) of closing the at least one power semiconductor element with controlled duty ratio before the current flowing through the first thyristor falls below a holding current of said thyristor, and successively discharge the at least one first capacitor, and perform step b).
  • the discharge of the at least one first capacitor is carried out by closing a switch in series with the first discharge resistance.
  • the predetermined first threshold voltage is a first withstand voltage of the at least one power semiconductor element with controlled duty ratio.
  • the current flowing through the first thyristor is repeatedly measured at least before carrying out the step c) of closing the at least one power semiconductor element with controlled duty ratio.
  • the aforementioned aims are, at least partly, attained by a method for closing a mechatronic circuit breaker, the circuit breaker having a main branch adapted for conducting a nominal load current to a power transmission link, the main branch comprising at least one main module with at least one sub-branch comprising at least one mechanical switch-disconnector connected in series with at least one breaker cell constituted of at least one power semiconductor element with controlled duty ratio, the main branch being connected in series with a first switch, the mechatronic circuit breaker and the first switch forming an assembly having a first terminal and a second terminal, respectively connected to a source and the power transmission link, the method comprising the following steps : a) first close the at least one mechanical switch-disconnector and the at least one power semiconductor element with controlled duty ratio; b) close the first switch.
  • the main branch is also connected in series with a pre-insertion module, the pre-insertion module comprising a pre-insertion resistance in parallel with a by-pass switch, the mechatronic circuit breaker, the first switch and the pre-insertion module forming an assembly having, as terminals, the first terminal and the second terminal, the method being characterized in that, after step b) completion, the method comprises the following steps: c) a step of fault detection on the power transmission link, d) if a fault is detected on the power transmission link at step c) then stop the closing, otherwise close the by-pass switch.
  • the step c) of fault detection on the power transmission link involves the repeated measurement of a voltage difference between the first and the second terminals.
  • the voltage difference between the first and the second terminals is above the sum of a first withstand voltage of the at least one power semiconductor element with controlled duty ratio and a second voltage corresponding to the product of an electrical resistance of the pre-insertion resistance by a making current of the main branch.
  • the aforementioned aims are, at least partly, attained by a method for closing a mechatronic circuit breaker, the circuit breaker having a main branch adapted for conducting a nominal load current to a power transmission link, the main branch comprising at least one main module with at least one sub-branch comprising at least one mechanical switch-disconnector connected in series with at least one breaker cell constituted of at least one power semiconductor element with controlled duty ratio, the at least one mechanical switch-disconnector comprises, in series, a plurality of disconnecting modules, each disconnecting module comprises, in parallel, a mechanical switch and a disconnecting surge arrester, each disconnecting module being also adapted to withstand, at its terminals, a second withstand voltage, the main branch being connected in series with at least one pre-insertion module, the pre-insertion module comprises a pre-insertion resistance in parallel with a by-pass switch, the mechatronic circuit breaker and the pre-insertion module forming an assembly having two terminals said first terminal and second terminal, respectively connected to a source and
  • the aforementioned methods for closing the mechatronic circuit breaker initially comprise a charging of the power transmission link.
  • the charging of the power transmission link involves a step al) of closing a first temporization branch in parallel with a main branch, and which comprises, in series, a first thyristor and at least one first switching- assistance module with at least one first capacitor, electrically in parallel with a first discharge resistance and a first voltage surge arrester, the closing of the first temporization branch comprising the switching on of the first thyristor so that the at least one first capacitor charges.
  • the charging of the power transmission link further comprises a step a2) of waiting until the current flowing through the first temporization branch reaches zero, and then a step a3) of fault detection on the power transmission link.
  • the step a3) comprises the repeated measurements of the voltage difference between the first and the second terminal.
  • the mechatronic circuit breaker further comprises an arming branch in parallel with the main branch, and which comprises, in series, a third thyristor and at least one third switching-assistance module with at least one third capacitor, electrically in parallel with a third discharge resistance (DR3), the method being characterized in that the stopping of the closing of the mechatronic circuit breaker comprises the following steps: a4) switching on the third thyristor so that current from flowing in the first temporization branch is diverted into the arming branch; a5) a step of waiting until current diverted from the first temporization branch into the arming branch reaches zero; a6) after step a5), a step of discharging the at least one first capacitor and the at least one third capacitor into, respectively, the first discharge resistance and the third discharge resistance.
  • the stopping of the closing of the mechatronic circuit breaker comprises the following steps: a4) switching on the third thyristor so that current from flowing in the first temporization branch is diverted into the arming branch; a5)
  • the charging of the power transmission link further comprises a step a7) of discharging the at least one first capacitor after the first thyristor stops conducting.
  • the charging of the power transmission link involves a step al l) of closing an arming branch in parallel with main branch, and which comprises, in series, a third thyristor and at least one third switching-assistance module with at least one third capacitor, electrically in parallel with a third discharge resistance , the closing of the arming branch comprises the switching on of the third thyristor so that the at least one third capacitor charges.
  • the charging of the power transmission link further comprises a step al2) of waiting until the current flowing through the arming branch reaches zero, and then a step al3) of fault detection on the power transmission link at least while the arming branch is closed.
  • the step al3) comprises the repeated measurement of the voltage difference between the first and the second terminals.
  • the charging of the power transmission link further comprises a step al4) of discharging the at least one third capacitor after the third thyristor stops conducting.
  • Figure 1 is an electrical circuit diagram of a mechatronic circuit breaker for an implementation of the closing method according to the invention
  • Figure 2 is an electrical circuit diagram of the main branch of a mechatronic circuit breaker for an implementation of the closing method according to the invention
  • Figure 3 is an electrical circuit diagram of the first temporization branch of a mechatronic circuit breaker for an implementation of the closing method according to the invention
  • Figure 4 is an electrical circuit diagram of the second temporization branch of a mechatronic circuit breaker for an implementation of the closing method according to the invention
  • Figure 5 is an electrical circuit diagram of the arming branch of a mechatronic circuit breaker for an implementation of the closing method according to the invention.
  • Figure 6 is an electrical diagram of a mechanical switch-disconnector UFS which comprises, in series, a plurality of disconnecting modules for an implementation of the closing method according to the invention.
  • the invention proposes the closing of a Mechatronic Circuit Breaker (MCB) for restoring power flow in a power transmission link connected to a terminal of said MCB.
  • MCB Mechatronic Circuit Breaker
  • the method for closing the MCB is implemented on a MCB having a main branch M as described in the patent application [1], in the name of the applicant of the present invention. All along the description "connected” means “electrically connected”, “in series” means “electrically connected in series”, “in parallel” means “electrically connected in parallel”, “closed” means rendered electrically conductive, "open” means rendered electrically nonconductive.
  • the MCB has two terminals, said first terminal 1 1 1 and second terminal 112 (FIG. 1), respectively connected to a supply power transmission link S (hereafter “source S”) and a fed power transmission link C (hereafter “power transmission link C").
  • source S supply power transmission link
  • power transmission link C fed power transmission link C
  • FIG. 1 depicts an overall electrical architecture of a mechatronic circuit-breaker 10 comprising the main branch M.
  • the main branch M comprises at least one main module.
  • the description is limited to a main branch M which comprises only one main module, but a plurality of identical main modules connected in parallel or in series can be considered and fall within the scope of the present invention.
  • the main branch M comprises at least one mechanical switch-disconnector UFS electrically in series with two breaker cells 101a, 101b ( Figure 2).
  • the breaker cells 101a and 101b are constituted, respectively, of at least one power semiconductor element with controlled duty ratio 1010a and 1010b.
  • the breaker cells 101a, 101b may preferably be mounted at the end of the main branch M on either side of the mechanical switch-disconnector UFS.
  • the mechanical switch-disconnector UFS may comprise at least one disconnecting module.
  • the mechanical switch- disconnector comprises, in series, a plurality of disconnecting module DM 1 , DM2, ... , DMn.
  • Each disconnecting module DM1, DM2,..., DMn of the plurality of disconnecting modules can comprise a mechanical switch MSI, MS2, ..., MSn.
  • each disconnecting module DM1, DM2,..., DMn of the plurality of disconnecting modules can comprise, in parallel, a mechanical switch MSI, MS2, MSn and a disconnecting surge arrester DSA1 , DSA2, ... , DSAn,
  • the mechanical switch MSI, MS2, ..., MSn can comprise a switch, typically having a breaking capacity that can reach an alternating current of a few kA.
  • Each disconnecting module being also adapted to withstand, at its terminals, a voltage AUDM.
  • the mechanical switch disconnector UFS can comprise 4 to 8 disconnecting modules DM1, DM2,..., DMn, each having a withstand voltage AUDM in the 20 kV to 80 kV range.
  • the mechanical switch-disconnector UFS is depicted in figures 5, 5 A and 6, and described in ⁇ [178]-[189] of the patent application [1] cited at the end of the description.
  • An electromagnetic actuator developed specifically for operating mechanical switch- disconnectors of the invention is described and claimed in the patent application [2] cited at the end of the description.
  • Each of the at least one power semiconductor element with controlled duty ratio 1010a and 1010b may comprise silicon-based insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT). They may equally be components based on silicon carbide, currently at the development stage, such as JFET/BJT hybrid transistors, or even GTO thyristors.
  • IGBT insulated gate bipolar transistors
  • the breaker cell 101a can be constituted of an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) 1010a mounted in anti-parallel with a diode 1011b.
  • the breaker cell 101b can be constituted of an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) 1010b mounted in anti- parallel with a diode 101 1a.
  • Each breaker cell 101a, 101b can be connected in parallel with a respective voltage surge arrester 103 a, 103b designed to limit the voltage to a value less than the withstand voltage of the IGBT transistor 1010a, 1010b.
  • a respective voltage surge arrester 103 a, 103b designed to limit the voltage to a value less than the withstand voltage of the IGBT transistor 1010a, 1010b.
  • the breaker cells 101a and 101b can be connected in parallel, respectively, with snubbers 104a and 104b.
  • a snubber 104a, 104b may comprise in series a capacitor and discharge resistor.
  • Other configurations may be contemplated and in particular the one described in ⁇ [0127] of the document [1] cited at the end of the description.
  • the main branch M may be connected in series with at least one pre-insertion module PI so that the mechatronic circuit breaker 10 and the pre-insertion module PI form an assembly having the two terminals said first terminal 111 and second terminal 112.
  • the pre-insertion module PI may comprise a pre-insertion resistance Rins in parallel with a by-pass switch S2.
  • pre-insertion modules are in series.
  • the user may select a specific pre-insertion module among the plurality of pre-insertion modules either for the closing or the current interruption procedure.
  • the user may select a pre-insertion module for which the pre- insertion Rins is the most appropriate for circulating a specific current.
  • the main branch M may be connected in series with a first switch SI .
  • the mechatronic circuit breaker 10 and the first switch S I then form an assembly having the two terminals, said first terminal 1 1 1 and second terminal 1 12.
  • the first terminal 1 1 1 and second terminal 1 12 are, respectively, connected to the source S and the power transmission link C.
  • the second terminal 1 12 can correspond to a terminal of the first switch S 1. Both the pre-insertion module PI and the first switch S I can also be considered in combination.
  • the mechatronic circuit breaker 10 may optionally comprise a first temporization branch Tl in parallel with the main branch M (figures 1 and 3).
  • the first temporization branch Tl may comprise, in series, at least a first thyristor THYl and at least one first switching-assistance module with at least one first capacitor CI , electrically in parallel with a first discharge resistance DR1 and a first voltage surge arrester SA1.
  • the first temporization branch Tl may further comprise a switch ST1 in series with the first discharge resistance DR1 , so that the assembly comprising the switch ST1 and the first discharge resistance DR1 is in parallel with the first capacitor CI .
  • the mechatronic circuit breaker may further comprise a second temporization branch T2 in parallel with the first temporization branch Tl (figure 1 and 4).
  • the second temporization branch T2 may comprise, in series, at least a second thyristor THY2 and at least one second switching-assistance module with at least one second capacitor C2, electrically in parallel with a second discharge resistance DR2 and a second voltage surge arrester SA2.
  • the second temporization branch T2 may further comprise a switch ST2 in series with the second discharge resistance DR2, so that the assembly comprising the switch ST2 and the second discharge resistance DR2 is in parallel with the second capacitor C2.
  • the first temporization branch Tl performs the diversion of the current for sufficient time for the at least one mechanical switch-disconnector UFS to begin to open and to be able to withstand a first voltage level, and to ensure a voltage drop sufficiently small not to lead to conduction in the voltage surge arresters 103 a, 103b connected in parallel to the power semiconductor components 1010a, 1010b of the main branch M.
  • the first temporization branch Tl also ensures a voltage drop sufficiently high to facilitate the switching of the current to the second temporization branch T2 at the appropriate time, and a storing of a voltage sufficient to turn off its own power in the first thyristor THY1 when the second temporization branch T2 begins to conduct.
  • the mechatronic circuit breaker 10 may further comprise an arming branch Arm (figures 1 and 5) in parallel with the main branch M, and which comprises, in series, at least a third thyristor THY3 and at least one third switching-assistance module with at least one third capacitor C3, electrically in parallel with a third discharge resistance DR3.
  • the arming temporization branch Arm may further comprise a switch ST3 in series with the third discharge resistance DR3, so that the assembly comprising the switch ST3 and the third discharge resistance DR3 is in parallel with the third capacitor C3.
  • the mechatronic circuit breaker may further comprise an extinction branch Ex, in parallel with the arming branch Arm, which comprises a third surge arrester SA3 (figure 1).
  • the second temporization branch T2 performs the diversion of the current from the first temporization branch Tl to itself once the at least one mechanical switch-disconnector UFS has reached a first level of opening and for the time necessary for the at least one mechanical switch- disconnector UFS to acquire the dielectric strength necessary to be able to withstand the interruption voltage at the first 111 and the second 112 terminals.
  • the second temporization branch T2 also ensures a voltage drop sufficiently low not to lead to dielectric breakdown of the at least one mechanical switch-disconnector USF.
  • the second temporization branch T2 further ensures a voltage drop sufficiently high to facilitate switching of the current present in said second temporization branch T2 to the arming branch Arm at the appropriate time, and to store a sufficient voltage and energy to turn off power of the second thyristor THY2 when the arming branch Arm begins to conduct.
  • the arming branch Arm ensures the insertion of a variable instantaneous impedance into the circuit.
  • the instantaneous impedance may be defined as the ratio of the instantaneous voltage at its terminals to the instantaneous current that flows through it.
  • the closing of the mechatronic circuit breaker 10 comprises a first step a) of closing the mechanical switch-disconnector UFS.
  • the mechatronic circuit breaker 10 comprises the pre-insertion module P 1. If the switch S 1 is considered, it is in a conducting state ("closed"). It is also understood that before starting the method for closing the mechatronic circuit breaker 10, the by-pass switch S2 is in a nonconducting state ("open").
  • the closing of the mechanical switch-disconnector UFS is triggered by a specific instruction or order of closing communicated to said mechanical switch-disconnector UFS by a controller or an electronic card or a computer or any other electronic device.
  • the voltage difference AU is repeatedly measured, and compared with the predetermined first threshold voltage AUt before triggering step a).
  • the method for closing the mechatronic circuit breaker 10, further comprises the following steps: b) close the by-pass switch S2; c) close the at least one power semiconductor element with controlled duty ratio 1010a, 1010b.
  • Steps b) and c) are triggered by communicating a specific instruction or an order of closing to the by-pass switch S2 and to the at least one power semiconductor element with controlled duty ratio 1010a, 1010b.
  • the specific instruction or the order of closing can be communicated by a controller or an electronic card or a computer or any other electronic device.
  • the predetermined first threshold voltage is a voltage for which arcing is prevented or at least limited so that no contact welding of the mechanical switches MSI , MS2, . .. , MSn occur.
  • the predetermined first threshold voltage may depend on the closing sequence, in particular on the order of the steps for closing the mechatronic circuit breaker. The determination of the predetermined first threshold voltage is within the knowledge of the man skilled in the art and is not further discussed in the present application.
  • the predetermined first threshold voltage AUt is a first withstand voltage AUioo of the at least one power semiconductor element with controlled duty ratio 1010a, 1010b.
  • the first withstand voltage AUioo is less than 5%, preferably less than 1%, of the maximum withstand voltage of the mechatronic circuit breaker 10.
  • steps a) and b) are carried out, almost simultaneously, and the step c) of closing the at least one power semiconductor element with controlled duty ratio 1010a, 1010b is triggered upon completion of step a).
  • the closing time tl upon reception of a closing order, of the mechanical switch- disconnector UFS is known, or may be characterized by the user before the commissioning of the mechatronic circuit breaker 10. Therefore, the triggering of the step c) can be delayed by, at least, the time tl with respect of step a).
  • the predetermined voltage AUt is the sum of a first withstand voltage AUioo and a second voltage AU 2 oo.
  • the first withstand voltage AUioo is the withstand voltage of the at least one power semiconductor element with controlled duty ratio 1010a, 1010b and the second voltage AU 2 oo is the product of an electrical resistance Ri of the pre-insertion resistance Rins by a current I ma ke.
  • the current I ma ke is a making current of the main branch M.
  • the making current of the main branch M is the maximum current that can be circulated through the mechatronic circuit breaker, at the moment of closing said main branch M, without triggering any welding or damages of the mechanical switches MS 1 , MS2, . .. , MSn. Said making current is likely to be lower than the maximum current that can be circulated through the mechatronic circuit breaker after closing of the main branch M. The determination of the making current is within the technical knowledge of the man skilled in the art and is not further describe in this application.
  • step c) is triggered when the current I flowing through the main branch M is below a current threshold It, advantageously It is below 90% of the making current Imake, and the step b) is carried out upon completion of step c).
  • pre-arcing can occur in the mechanical switch- disconnector UFS when AUt is above a first withstand voltage AUioo, and dissipate more or less energy.
  • the mechanical switch-disconnector USF closes, the current starts flowing through it, and in the voltage surge arresters 103a, 103b connected in parallel to the power semiconductor components 1010a, 1010b.
  • the voltage surge arresters 103 a, 103b are thus dimensioned for this energy absorption. Therefore contact welding of the mechanical switches MSI , MS2, MSn or any other damage to the components of the main branch is prevented.
  • the method of closing the mechatronic circuit breaker comprises the closing of the first temporization branch Tl .
  • the first temporization branch Tl and the at least one mechanical switch- disconnector UFS are closed simultaneously during step a).
  • the step c) of closing the at least one power semiconductor element with controlled duty ratio 1010a, 1010b is executed before the current ITHYI flowing through the first thyristor THY1 falls below a holding current of said thyristor THY1.
  • the holding current of a thyristor is the current below which said thyristor stops by itself conducting current (it is in an open state).
  • the discharge of the at least one first capacitor CI can be carried out by closing the switch ST1 in series with the first discharge resistance DR1.
  • the predetermined first threshold voltage AUt is a first withstand voltage AUioo of the at least one power semiconductor element with controlled duty ratio 1010a, 1010b.
  • the current ITHYI is repeatedly measured at least before carrying out step c).
  • the mechatronic circuit breaker 10 comprises the first switch SI . It is also understood that before starting the method for closing the mechatronic circuit breaker 10, the first switch SI is in a non-conducting state ("open").
  • the by-pass switch S2 is in a conducting state ("closed").
  • the closing of the mechatronic circuit breaker 10 comprises the following steps: g) first close the at least one mechanical switch-disconnector UFS and the at least one power semiconductor element with controlled duty ratio 1010a, 1010b; and h) close the first switch S 1.
  • the at least one power semiconductor element with controlled duty ratio 1010a, 1010b comprises IGBTs that are closed during the step a).
  • the mechatronic circuit breaker 10 comprises the pre-insertion module PI and the switch S I . Before the closing of the mechatronic circuit breaker starts, both the by-pass switch S2 and the switch S I are in a non-conducting state ("open").
  • the closing method of the mechatronic circuit breaker 10 comprises the following successive steps: i) first close the at least one mechanical switch-disconnector UFS and the at least one power semiconductor element with controlled duty ratio 1010a, 1010b; and j) close the first switch S 1 , k) perform fault detection on the power transmission link C,
  • the power transmission link C does not charge up ;
  • the at least one mechanical switch- disconnector UFS comprises, in series, the plurality of disconnecting modules DM1 , DM2, . .. DMn, each disconnecting module DM1 , DM2, . .. DMn comprises, the mechanical switch MS I , MS2, . .. , MSn.
  • Each disconnecting module is also adapted to withstand, at its terminals, a voltage AUDM.
  • the mechatronic circuit breaker 10 comprises the pre-insertion module PI , and before starting the closing of the mechanical circuit breaker 10, the by-pass switch S2 is in a non-conductive state. If the switch S I is considered, it is in a conducting state ("closed").
  • step c) closes the by-pass switch S2.
  • each disconnecting surge arrester DSA1, DSA2, DSAn is specifically dimensioned to ensure a voltage grading across the mechanical switch- disconnector UFS.
  • the method for closing the mechatronic circuit breaker 10 can initially comprise a charging of the power transmission link C.
  • healthy link we mean that the power transmission link C is healthy.
  • an auxiliary branch for example the first temporization branch Tl and/or the arming branch Arm
  • Tl and/or the arming branch Arm can be used to inject charges into the power transmission link C for raising the voltage on said power transmission link C.
  • a constant monitoring of the voltage and/or the current on the power transmission link C can be carried out for detected the possible presence of a fault on the power transmission link C.
  • a fault detection may be associated with at least one of the following feature: 1/ the reflections of current/voltage waves arrive earlier than expected
  • the charging sequence of the power transmission link C can involve a careful raise of the voltage in order not to create disturbances in the network.
  • the by-pass switch S2 is in a non-conducting state ("open"), and if the first switch S I is considered, it is in a conducting state ("close).
  • the charging of the power transmission link C involves a step al) of closing the first temporization branch Tl .
  • the closing of the first temporization branch Tl comprises the switching "ON" ("closed") of the first thyristor THYl so that the at least one first capacitor CI charges.
  • a current flows through the first temporization branch Tl . Therefore the first capacitor CI charges until the voltage at its terminals reaches the withstand voltage of the first voltage surge arrester SA1 , thus rendering the first voltage surge arrester SA1 conducting.
  • the charging of the power transmission link C can further comprise a step a2) of fault detection on the power transmission link C while executing step a3) of waiting until the current flowing through the first temporization branch Tl reaches zero.
  • stopping the closing of the mechatronic circuit breaker 10 comprises the following steps: a4) switch on the third thyristor THY3 so that current flowing in the first temporization branch Tl is diverted into the arming branch Arm; a5) wait until current diverted from the first temporization branch Tl into the arming branch Arm reaches zero; a6) after step a5), discharge the at least one first capacitor CI and the at least one third capacitor C3 into, respectively, the first discharge resistance DR1 and the third discharge resistance DR3.
  • All the steps al) to a6) are executed via commands sent to the appropriate element of the mechatronic circuit breaker 10, and generated by a controller or an electronic card or a computer or any other electronic device, and equipped with a specific software.
  • Monitoring tools like Voltmeters and/or current measurement systems can also be employed. It is within the knowledge of the man skilled in the art to implement and configure such tools, therefore no other details will be given in the description. This statement applies to any other step that can be considered in this charging method embodiment.
  • a step a6) starts only after deionization of the first THY1 and the third THY3 thyristors. Therefore, a specific delay can be implemented in between steps a5) and a6), said specific delay being longer the deionization time of the first THY1 and the third THY3 thyristors.
  • the charging of the power transmission link C may further comprise a step a7) of discharging the at least one first capacitor CI after the first thyristor THY1 stops conducting.
  • a step a7) starts only after deionization of the first thyristor THY1.
  • a specific delay can be implemented before step a7) starts, said specific delay being longer the deionization time of the first thyristor THY1.
  • "after a thyristor stops conducting” means that the current flowing is below a current level, close to zero or even zero, for which said thyristor is considered as open (in a non-conducting state).
  • the man skilled in the art is familiar with the technical features related to the thyristor which are not further detailed in the present invention.
  • any closing of the mechatronic circuit breaker 10 described in the present invention may be considered.
  • Charging the power transmission link C according to the first embodiment lead a full of said power transmission link C.
  • the voltage difference AU is close to zero at the end of said charging procedure.
  • the charging involves a step al 1) of closing the arming branch Arm in parallel which comprises the switching "ON" of the third thyristor THY3 (closing of the third thyristor) so that the at least one third capacitor C3 charges.
  • the charging may further comprise a step a 12) of fault detection on the power transmission link (C) executed while a step al 3) waiting until the current flowing through the arming branch (Arm) reaches zero.
  • the charging also comprises a step a 14) of discharging the at least one third capacitor C3 after the third thyristor THY3 stops conducting.
  • a step a 14) starts only after deionization of the third thyristor THY3. Therefore, a specific delay can be implemented before step a 14) starts, said specific delay being longer the deionization time of the third thyristor THY3.
  • Steps al 1) to a 14) are advantageously carried out successively. All the steps al 1) to a 14) are executed via commands sent to the appropriate element of the mechatronic circuit breaker 10, and generated by a controller or an electronic card or a computer or any other electronic device, and equipped with a specific software. Monitoring tools like Voltmeters and/or current measurement systems can also be employed. It is within the knowledge of the man skilled in the art to implement and configure such tools, therefore no other details will be given in the description.
  • the full charging of the power transmission link C can be achieved by repeating the charging according to this second embodiment until the voltage difference AU is close to zero.
  • the charging method according to this second embodiment is sometimes called “multistep charging method” whereas the charging method according to the first embodiment lead to the full charge of the power transmission link C in one step.
  • the first and the second charging embodiment of the power transmission link C can be combined during the closing of the mechatronic circuit breaker 10.
  • the second embodiment can be carried out in case the charging according to the first embodiment has to be stopped, after fault detection for example.
  • the first embodiment for the charging of the power transmission link C as well as the second embodiment for the charging of the power transmission link C can be executed without considering the closing of the circuit breaker.
  • the invention also concerns the charging of the power transmission link C for detecting a fault on the power transmission link C.
  • the methods described in the present invention can be implemented for the closing of an existing mechatronic circuit breaker comprising at least the main branch M without necessary involving any modification or upgrade of said mechatronic circuit breaker.
  • the way of closing the mechatronic circuit breaker 10 may be selected among the specific embodiments presented in the description to avoid or at least limit the damaging of the power transmission link C and/or the main branch.
  • the present invention shall not be limited to the specific configuration of the mechatronic circuit breaker described, and the man skill in the art can adapt the teaching of this invention to other circuit breakers.

Landscapes

  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fermeture d'un disjoncteur (10) ayant une branche principale (M), qui comprend un module principal comportant une sous-branche comprenant un interrupteur-sectionneur mécanique (UFS) connecté à deux cellules de disjoncteur constituées d'un élément semi-conducteur de puissance à cycle de service contrôlé, la branche principale (M) étant connectée à un module de pré-insertion, le disjoncteur (10) et le module de pré-insertion formant un ensemble ayant une première (111) et une seconde (112) borne, respectivement connectées à une source (S) et à la liaison de transmission de puissance (C), le procédé comprenant les étapes consistant : a) à fermer d'abord l'interrupteur-sectionneur mécanique (UFS) lorsque la différence de tension entre les tensions au niveau des première et seconde bornes est inférieure à une tension prédéfinie ; b) à fermer le commutateur de dérivation (S2) ; et c) à fermer l'élément semi-conducteur de puissance.
PCT/EP2018/055363 2017-03-06 2018-03-05 Procédé de fermeture d'un disjoncteur mécatronique WO2018162421A1 (fr)

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EP17290034.2A EP3373317A1 (fr) 2017-03-06 2017-03-06 Procédé de fermeture d'un disjoncteur mécatronique
EP17290034.2 2017-03-06

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WO2022029379A2 (fr) 2020-08-05 2022-02-10 Supergrid Institute Dispositif de coupure de courant pour courant électrique sous haute tension continue, installation avec un tel dispositif, procede de pilotage, et processus d'evaluation de l'integrite d'un conducteur electrique
US11791617B2 (en) 2018-12-27 2023-10-17 Supergrid Institute Current cut-off device for high-voltage direct current with capacitive buffer circuit, and control method
US11798763B2 (en) 2019-03-22 2023-10-24 Supergrid Institute Current cut-off device for high-voltage direct current with resonator and switching
US11824346B2 (en) 2018-12-27 2023-11-21 Supergrid Institute Current cut-off device for high-voltage direct current with adaptive oscillatory circuit, and control method

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DE102017127076A1 (de) * 2017-11-17 2019-05-23 Eaton Industries (Austria) Gmbh Mechatronikbaugruppe mit einer hybriden Schaltungsanordnung
US11381079B1 (en) 2021-01-27 2022-07-05 Leach International Corporation System for protecting electromechanical switchgears and protection circuits in high-voltage applications
CN114121550A (zh) * 2021-10-13 2022-03-01 华为数字能源技术有限公司 电路开关、储能系统、以及相关的控制方法

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US20150002977A1 (en) 2011-12-23 2015-01-01 Alstom Technology Ltd Mechatronic Circuit Breaker Device And Associated Tripping Method And Use Thereof In Interrupting A High Direct Current
US20160300671A1 (en) * 2013-11-29 2016-10-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device and method for switching a direct current

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US20140340182A1 (en) 2011-12-23 2014-11-20 Alstom Technology Ltd. Electromagnetic Actuator Comprising Permanent Magnets and Mechanical Load Interrupter Actuated By Such An Actuator
US20150002977A1 (en) 2011-12-23 2015-01-01 Alstom Technology Ltd Mechatronic Circuit Breaker Device And Associated Tripping Method And Use Thereof In Interrupting A High Direct Current
US20160300671A1 (en) * 2013-11-29 2016-10-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Device and method for switching a direct current

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20180301295A1 (en) * 2015-10-13 2018-10-18 General Electric Technology Gmbh Mechatronic circuit-breaker device
US11049670B2 (en) * 2015-10-13 2021-06-29 General Electric Technology Gmbh Mechatronic circuit-breaker device
US11791617B2 (en) 2018-12-27 2023-10-17 Supergrid Institute Current cut-off device for high-voltage direct current with capacitive buffer circuit, and control method
US11824346B2 (en) 2018-12-27 2023-11-21 Supergrid Institute Current cut-off device for high-voltage direct current with adaptive oscillatory circuit, and control method
US11798763B2 (en) 2019-03-22 2023-10-24 Supergrid Institute Current cut-off device for high-voltage direct current with resonator and switching
WO2022029379A2 (fr) 2020-08-05 2022-02-10 Supergrid Institute Dispositif de coupure de courant pour courant électrique sous haute tension continue, installation avec un tel dispositif, procede de pilotage, et processus d'evaluation de l'integrite d'un conducteur electrique
FR3113334A1 (fr) 2020-08-05 2022-02-11 Supergrid Institute Dispositif de coupure de courant pour courant électrique sous haute tension continue, installation avec un tel dispositif, procédé de pilotage, et processus d’évaluation de l’intégrité d’un conducteur électrique

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