WO2018159499A1

WO2018159499A1 - Cutting insert, cutting tool, and method for manufacturing cut workpiece

Info

Publication number: WO2018159499A1
Application number: PCT/JP2018/006775
Authority: WO
Inventors: 義仁池田
Original assignee: 京セラ株式会社
Priority date: 2017-02-28
Filing date: 2018-02-23
Publication date: 2018-09-07
Also published as: JP7017553B2; JPWO2018159499A1

Abstract

A cutting insert based on the present disclosure is provided with a first member and a second member joined to the first member. The second member has: an upper surface having a first edge, a second edge, and a corner part; a side surface adjacent to the upper surface; and a ridge part positioned at the intersection of the upper surface and the side surface. The upper surface has an edge part, a protruding part that is positioned further inward than the edge part and that protrudes upward, and a first groove positioned between the edge part and the protruding part. In a top view, a first width W1 of the first groove in a direction perpendicular to a bisector of the corner is less than a second width W2 of the protruding part in the direction perpendicular to the bisector.

Description

Cutting insert, cutting tool, and manufacturing method of cut workpiece

The present disclosure relates to a cutting insert, a cutting tool, and a manufacturing method of a cut workpiece.

As an example of a cutting insert used for cutting, a throw-away tip (cutting insert) described in International Publication No. 2005/068117 (Patent Document 1) is known. In the cutting insert described in Patent Document 1, a super-hard sintered body having a cutting edge and a chip breaker is joined to the apex portion of the main body. The chip breaker has a substantially symmetric shape with respect to a cross section that bisects the apex angle portion, and includes a projection portion and a flat portion positioned between the apex angle portion and the projection portion. A cutting insert having such a sintered body is used for cutting work materials such as high hardness iron group metals and cast iron.

In recent years, due to the diversification of cutting processes, there has been an increase in processes for cutting a plurality of work materials having different hardnesses at one time, such as carburization removal processing in the cutting of hardened steel, and it is suitably used in these cutting processes. There is a need for an insert that can. In particular, there is a need for a cutting insert having an ultra-high hardness sintered body that can exhibit good chip dischargeability when the hardness of the work material decreases.

The present disclosure provides a cutting insert that exhibits good chip disposal even when a plurality of work materials having different hardnesses are cut at once, even when the surface of the work material having low hardness is processed. For the purpose.

The cutting insert based on this indication is provided with the 1st member and the 2nd member joined to the 1st member. The second member has an upper surface, a side surface adjacent to the upper surface, and a ridge portion located at the intersection of the upper surface and the side surface. The top surface is located along a first side, a second side, a corner located between the first side and the second side, the corner, the first side, and the second side, An edge that is inclined upward as it is away from the ridge, or the height of the ridge is the same, and a protrusion that is located inward of the ridge and protrudes upward And a first groove located between the edge and the protrusion. When viewed from above, the first width of the first groove in the direction perpendicular to the bisector of the corner is smaller than the second width of the protrusion in the direction perpendicular to the bisector.

It is a perspective view showing a cutting insert concerning a 1st embodiment of this indication. It is a top view of the cutting insert shown in FIG. It is a side view from the A1 direction in the cutting insert shown in FIG. It is a side view from the A2 direction in the cutting insert shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a region B1 in FIG. It is an enlarged view which shows the same area | region as FIG. It is sectional drawing of C1 in the cutting insert shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing of C2 in the cutting insert shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing of C3 in the cutting insert shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing of C4 in the cutting insert shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the cutting insert which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this indication. It is a top view of the cutting insert shown in FIG. It is an enlarged view of area | region B2 in FIG. It is an enlarged view which shows the same area | region as FIG. It is sectional drawing of C5 in the cutting insert shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing of C6 in the cutting insert shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing of C7 in the cutting insert shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing of C8 in the cutting insert shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing of C9 in the cutting insert shown in FIG. It is a top view which shows the cutting insert which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this indication. It is an enlarged view of area | region B3 in FIG. It is the perspective view which expanded the vicinity of the angle | corner in the cutting insert shown in FIG. It is a top view which shows the cutting insert which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this indication. It is an enlarged view of area | region B4 in FIG. It is the perspective view which expanded the vicinity of the angle | corner in the cutting insert shown in FIG. It is a perspective view showing a cutting tool concerning an embodiment of this indication. It is the schematic which shows 1 process of the manufacturing method of the cut workpiece which concerns on embodiment of this indication. It is the schematic which shows 1 process of the manufacturing method of the cut workpiece which concerns on embodiment of this indication. It is the schematic which shows 1 process of the manufacturing method of the cut workpiece which concerns on embodiment of this indication.

<Cutting insert>
Hereinafter, the cutting insert which concerns on embodiment of this indication is demonstrated in detail using drawing. However, for convenience of explanation, the drawings referred to below are simplified main components necessary for explaining the embodiment among the constituent members of the embodiment. Therefore, the cutting insert of this indication may be provided with the arbitrary components which are not shown in each figure to refer. Moreover, the dimension of the member in each figure is shown as an example of the cutting insert of this indication. Therefore, the cutting insert of this indication is not limited to the size of the member in each figure.

(First embodiment)
First, the cutting insert 1 (hereinafter also simply referred to as the insert 1) according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 1, the insert 1 of the present disclosure is an insert used for turning, and has a polygonal plate shape, more specifically, a square plate shape. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the insert 1 includes a first member (main body portion) 11 and a second member (super-hard sintered body portion) 12 joined to the main body portion 11. ing. The main body 11 may be a part of the insert 1 for mainly attaching the insert 1 to the holder. The sintered body portion 12 may be a portion mainly related to cutting in the insert 1 or may function as a cutting portion.

More specifically, in the example shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the main body 11 has a substantially square plate shape having two main surfaces 4 each having four corners. And the sintered compact part 12 is located in the part corresponding to one corner in one of the two main surfaces 4. That is, the main body 11 has a recess located at a portion corresponding to one corner on one of the two main surfaces 4, and the sintered body 12 is positioned in this recess. At this time, the sintered body portion 12 may be joined to the main body portion 11.

Also, the other of the two main surfaces 4 can function as a seating surface attached to the holder 105 when the insert 1 is mounted on the holder 105. The two main surfaces 4 are located away from each other. Therefore, it can be said that one main surface 4 is located on the opposite side of the other main surface 4.

1 has a triangular plate shape, and has an upper surface 3, a lower surface 5 located on the opposite side of the upper surface 3, and a side surface 6 adjacent to the upper surface 3. As shown in FIG. The upper surface 3 in the example shown in FIG. 2 has a first side 3b1, a second side 3b2, and a corner 3a located between the first side 3b1 and the second side 3b2. In other words, in the example illustrated in FIG. 2, the upper surface 3 includes a corner 3 a and a first side 3 b 1 and a second side 3 b 2 that respectively extend from the corner 3 a.

The upper surface 3 is a surface through which chips mainly flow during cutting, and may function as a so-called rake surface. The upper surface 3 is the upper surface because it is located on the upper side of the cutting tool 101 when the insert 1 is mounted on the holder 105 as will be described later, but is not limited thereto. That is, the upper surface 3 may not be positioned on the upper side in the cutting tool 10.

As shown in FIG. 2, the top surface 3 may be a polygonal shape when viewed from above, and may have a plurality of corners and a plurality of sides. The upper surface 3 in the example illustrated in FIG. 2 has a triangular shape, and includes at least a corner 3a, a first side 3b1, and a second side 3b2.

Here, the polygonal shape does not mean a strictly polygonal shape. The corner 3a on the upper surface 3 is not limited to a strict corner. Further, the side located so as to connect adjacent corners is not limited to a strict straight line. For example, the corner 3a shown in FIG. 2 has a curved shape that protrudes outward in a top view. Further, the top view means a state where the top surface 3 of the insert 1 is viewed from the front.

In the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the main surface 4 of the main body portion 11 can be rephrased as a flat surface region located inward of the upper surface 3 of the sintered body portion 12.

In addition, although the main surface 4 in the example illustrated in FIG. 1 has a quadrangular shape, the shape of the main surface 4 is not limited thereto. For example, the shape of the main surface 4 may be a triangle or a pentagon. Here, “inward” in the present specification means near the center of the upper surface of the upper surface of the insert 1 (the main surface 4 of the main body 11 and the upper surface 3 of the sintered body 12) in the top view. It is a side that is located and is away from the corner 3a and the first side 3b1 and the second side 3b2.

The lower surface 5 is located away from the upper surface 3 with the side surface 6 interposed therebetween, and in the example shown in FIG. 1, the lower surface 5 of the sintered body portion 12 is in contact with the main body portion 11. The lower surface 5 may be a main surface joined to the main body portion 11 in the sintered body portion 12.

1 and 3, the side surface 6 is located between the upper surface 3 and the lower surface 5 and is adjacent to the upper surface 3 and the lower surface 5. When the upper surface 3 is polygonal and has a plurality of corners and a plurality of sides, the side surface 6 may have a plurality of flat surface regions.

1, one of a plurality of flat surfaces constituting the side surface 6 is in contact with the main body 11. In the case where the workpiece is cut using the insert 1 of the present disclosure, the side surface 6 may function as a so-called flank.

1 and 2, the insert 1 may include a through hole 13 that opens at the center of one main surface 4 and the center of the other main surface 4. A member for fixing the insert 1 to the holder of the cutting tool may be inserted into the through hole 13. As said member, a screw member and a clamp member are mentioned, for example.

The central axis of the through hole 13 may coincide with an imaginary straight line (center axis O1) passing through the centers of the two main surfaces 4. Further, the central axis of the through hole 13 may coincide with the central axis O1 of the insert 1. When the central axis of the through-hole 13 is also coincident with the central axis O1 of the insert 1, the central axis of the through-hole 13 may be replaced with the central axis O1 of the insert 1. Even when it is difficult to specify the center axis 1 of the insert 1, the center axis of the through hole 13 may be replaced with the center axis O <b> 1 of the insert 1. The central axis O1 of the insert 1 is an axis that penetrates the two main surfaces 4.

Examples of the material of the main body 11 include cemented carbide and cermet. Examples of the composition of the cemented carbide include WC—Co, WC—TiC—Co, and WC—TiC—TaC—Co. WC—Co is produced by adding cobalt (Co) powder to tungsten carbide (WC) and sintering. WC—TiC—Co is obtained by adding titanium carbide (TiC) to WC—Co. WC—TiC—TaC—Co is obtained by adding tantalum carbide (TaC) to WC—TiC—Co. A cermet is a sintered composite material in which a metal is combined with a ceramic component. Specifically, the cermet includes a main component of a titanium compound such as titanium carbide (TiC) and titanium nitride (TiN).

The surface of the main body 11 may be coated with a film using a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method or a physical vapor deposition (PVD) method. Examples of the composition of the coating include titanium carbide (TiC), titanium nitride (TiN), titanium carbonitride (TiCN), and alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ).

Examples of the material of the sintered body 12 include a cBN sintered body and a diamond sintered body.

Hereinafter, the sintered body portion 12 mainly involved in cutting in the insert 1 will be described in detail.

As described above, the sintered body portion 12 in the example shown in FIG. 1 has the upper surface 3, the lower surface 5, and the side surface 6. Moreover, the sintered compact part 12 in an example shown in FIG. 1 has the ridge part 2 in which the upper surface 3 and the side surface 6 are located in an intersection. A cutting blade may be positioned at least at a part of the ridge 2 in the sintered body 12. In the example illustrated in FIG. 2, the cutting edge is located at a portion corresponding to the corner 3 a, the first side 3 b 1, and the second side 3 b 2 in the ridge 2.

The cutting blade is used for cutting a work material in a cutting process. In addition, what is called honing processing may be given to the part in which the cutting edge in the ridge part 2 is located. When the ridge portion 2 is subjected to honing that has a curved shape, the strength of the cutting edge is high. As honing processing, R honing etc. are mentioned, for example.

In the example shown in FIG. 2, the cutting edge is located in the portion corresponding to the corner 3 a, the first side 3 b 1, and the second side 3 b 2 in the ridge portion 2, but is not limited thereto. For example, the cutting edge may be positioned at least at the corner 3a and a part of the first side 3b1.

As shown in FIG. 5, the cutting edge may have a first cutting edge 21 located on the first side 3 b 1 of the upper surface 3. The first cutting edge 21 may function as a so-called main cutting edge. Moreover, the cutting blade may have the 2nd cutting blade 22 located in the corner | angular 3a. The second cutting edge 22 may function as a so-called corner cutting edge.

The upper surface 3 in the present disclosure includes an edge portion 7, a protruding portion 8, and a first groove 9, as shown in FIGS.

The edge 7 is located along the corner 3a, the first side 3b1, and the second side 3b2 in the upper surface 3. The edge portion 7 is inclined upward as it is away from the ridge portion 2 or has the same height as the ridge portion 2. The edge portion 7 in the example shown in FIGS. 5 to 10 is a flat surface region having a generally constant height from the lower surface 5. For example, the edge 7 is a flat surface region that is connected to the corner 3a, the first side 3b1, and the second side 3b2 and extends inward from the corner 3a, the first side 3b1, and the second side 3b2. There may be.

The edge portion 7 may function as a so-called rake face through which chips generated by the cutting blade pass. Note that the height from the lower surface 5 is not necessarily constant in a strict sense.

The protruding portion 8 is located inward of the upper surface 3 relative to the edge portion 7 and protrudes upward.

The first groove 9 is located between the edge portion 7 and the protruding portion 8. At this time, the first groove 9 is recessed downward so as to be positioned below the edge portion 7 and the protruding portion 8. As in the example shown in FIG. 5, the first groove 9 may extend along the corner 3a, the first side 3b1, and the second side 3b2. As shown in FIG. 5, the first groove 9 may be connected to the protruding portion 8.

The protruding portion 8 and the first groove 9 are located in the direction in which the chips that have passed through the edge portion 7 flow, and can be used to control the flow of the chips. That is, the protrusion 8 and the first groove 9 may have a role of curving the chips or controlling the direction in which the chips flow.

In the insert 1 of the present disclosure, when viewed from the top, the width of the first groove 9 (hereinafter referred to as the first width) W1 in the direction perpendicular to the bisector M of the corner 3a is two of the corner 3a. It is smaller than the width (hereinafter referred to as the second width) W2 of the protruding portion 8 in the direction perpendicular to the equipartition M.

When the 1st groove | channel 9 and the protrusion part 8 are said structures, the thin chip | tip produced | generated on the cutting conditions with a small cutting amount tends to contact the protrusion part 8 stably after passing the 1st groove | channel 9. . Therefore, the chips are likely to curl stably and easily under cutting conditions with a small depth of cut.

In addition, when the hardness of the work material is low, the generated chips are difficult to contact the protruding portion 8 at an excessively high penetration speed. For this reason, it is difficult for chips to be clogged, and it is difficult to get on the protruding portion 8. Therefore, even when the surface of the work material having low hardness is processed, good chip disposal is exhibited. In addition, it is possible to ensure the strength of the cutting blade used under cutting conditions with a large depth of cut.

Here, the first width W1 may be evaluated by the maximum width of the first groove 9 in the direction perpendicular to the bisector M of the corner 3a, for example, as shown in FIG. Similarly, the second width W2 may be evaluated by, for example, the maximum width of the protruding portion 8 in the direction perpendicular to the bisector M of the corner 3a. In the example shown in FIG. 5, the second width W2 is the same as the maximum width of the sintered body portion 12 in the direction perpendicular to the bisector M of the corner 3a.

The height position of each component of the upper surface 3 along the central axis O1 of the insert 1, where the direction from the lower surface 5 to the upper surface 3 is “upward” and the direction from the upper surface 3 to the lower surface 5 is “downward”. May be evaluated. For example, it can be said that the protrusion 8 on the upper surface 3 protrudes upward means that the protrusion 8 protrudes in a direction away from the lower surface 5. In the present specification, for convenience, the direction along the central axis O1 of the insert 1 is defined as the height direction.

Further, when evaluating the height position of each component of the upper surface 3, the lower surface 5 in the sintered body portion 12 or the other main surface 4 in the main body portion 11 may be used as a reference surface. Further, instead of these surfaces, a virtual plane that is orthogonal to the central axis O1 and located between the upper surface 3 and the lower surface 5 may be set, and this virtual plane may be used as a reference surface.

In an example shown in FIG. 5 and the like, the protrusion 8 is positioned higher than the ridge 2 with respect to the height of the ridge 2. Further, the first groove 9 is located lower than the ridge 2. Therefore, in the region from the first groove 9 to the protruding portion 8, the portion having the same height as the ridge portion 2 corresponds to the boundary between the protruding portion 8 and the first groove 9.

In the example shown in FIG. 1, the edge 7 is parallel to the main surface 4 of the main body 11. At this time, the edge portion 7 is a flat surface perpendicular to the central axis O1 of the insert 1 (the central axis of the through hole 13).

As shown in FIG. 5, the first groove 9 may be separated from the ridge 2, and the edge 7 may be located between the first groove 9 and the ridge 2. In this case, the strength of the cutting blade is high. In the example shown in FIG. 5, the edge portions 7 are located between the corner 3 a, the first side 3 b 1 and the second side 3 b 2 in the ridge portion 2, and the first groove 9.

Further, when viewed from the top, a line orthogonal to the first side 3b1 is defined as a first virtual line L1, and a line orthogonal to the second side 3b2 is defined as a second virtual line L2. At this time, an intersection point closest to the corner 3a among the intersection points of the first virtual line L1 and the second virtual line L2 is defined as an intersection point P. In the example shown in FIG. 5, the second side passes through the boundary between the corner 3a and the first side 3b1, passes through the straight line perpendicular to the first side 3b1, passes through the boundary between the first imaginary line L1, the corner 3a and the second side 3b2. A straight line perpendicular to 3b2 is defined as a second virtual line L2.

At this time, the portion corresponding to the bisector M may be located closer to the corner 3a than the intersection P in the first groove 9 in a top view. In other words, the 1st groove | channel 9 located on the bisector M may be located near the corner | angular 3a rather than the intersection P of the 1st virtual line L1 and the 2nd virtual line L2. That is, when the region surrounded by the first imaginary line L1 and the second imaginary line L2 in the upper surface 3 is a corner region 31, the portion located on the bisector M in the first groove 9 is a corner. It may be located within the region 31.

When the first groove 9 has the above-described configuration, chips can be stably brought into contact with the rising portion of the first groove 9 even in a cutting process with a small feed amount. Therefore, chips can be curled well. In the above description, since the portion of the first groove 9 located above the bisector M only needs to be located within the corner region 31, the entire first groove 9 is not necessarily within the corner region 31. It does not have to be located.

When viewed from above, the tip of the protruding portion 8 may be located on the corner 3a side from the intersection P of the first virtual line L1 and the second virtual line L2. In addition, the front-end | tip part of the protrusion part 8 means the edge part located closest to the corner | angular part 3a among the parts located on the bisector M in the protrusion part 8 here. When the tip of the protrusion 8 is located in the above-described region, the chips that have passed through the first groove 9 can be curled satisfactorily even under cutting conditions with a small depth of cut.

When viewed from above, the first groove 9 may be separated from the edge 7 or may be connected to the edge 7. The first groove 9 in the example illustrated in FIG. 5 is connected to the edge portion 7. Thus, when the 1st groove | channel 9 is connected to the edge part 7, since the 1st groove | channel 9 is located near the ridge part 2, the produced | generated chip | tip tends to flow in into the 1st groove | channel 9. .

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the first groove 9 may have a convex shape protruding toward the corner 3a when viewed from above. Specifically, the boundary between the edge 7 and the first groove 9 may be a convex shape protruding toward the corner 3a. When the boundary between the edge portion 7 and the first groove 9 has the above-described configuration, the generated chips are easily guided along the first groove 9 toward the second side 3b2. Therefore, even in cutting conditions with a large depth of cut and a small amount of feed, good chip discharge performance can be exhibited.

When the boundary between the edge 7 and the first groove 9 is a convex shape protruding toward the corner 3a, the edge connected to the edge 7 in the first groove 9 (hereinafter referred to as the “outer edge” for convenience) The edge (hereinafter referred to as “inner edge” for the sake of convenience) located on the opposite side of the edge may be a convex shape protruding toward the corner 3a. As described above, when both the inner edge and the outer edge of the first groove 9 have a convex shape protruding toward the corner 3a in the top view, the protruding portion 8 is positioned closer to the cutting edge. Therefore, the chip curling action by the protrusion 8 is improved.

When viewed from above, the bottom 93 of the first groove 9 may be located on the bisector M. When the bottom portion 93 is positioned as described above, the generated chips easily come into contact with the bottom portion 93 of the first groove 9, and thus the curl diameter of the chips tends to be small. Thereby, favorable chip discharge | emission property can be exhibited over the cutting conditions with a large feed amount from the cutting conditions with a small feed amount.

The bottom part 93 may exist only in one place in the 1st groove | channel 9, and may exist in several places. For example, in the first groove 9, the bottom portion 93 may extend linearly or may extend in a planar shape.

The bottom portion 93 means, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, a portion of the first groove 9 that is located at the lowest position. For example, even when the bottom portion 93 of the first groove 9 is located on the bisector M when viewed from above, the depth of the first groove 9 becomes shallower as the distance from the bisector M increases. Good. In other words, the depth of the first groove 9 may be deepest on the bisector M and shallowest at both ends.

Further, in the cross section along the bisector M in the top view, the first groove 9 may have a concave curved surface shape. When the 1st groove | channel 9 is said structure, since the bottom part 93 of the 1st groove | channel 9 is hard to become wide, the chipbreaker action of a chip | piece is hard to fall. Therefore, the generated chips can stably come into contact with the first groove 9 under cutting conditions with a small feed amount, and good chip discharge performance can be exhibited.

The first groove 9 may have a first inclined surface 91 and a second inclined surface 92. Here, the first inclined surface 91 is a surface that is inclined downward as the distance from the ridge 2 increases. The second inclined surface 92 is a surface that is located inward of the first inclined surface 91 and is inclined upward as it is away from the first inclined surface 91. Here, in the cross section along the bisector M in the top view, the first angle θ1 of the first inclined surface 91 may be smaller than the second angle θ2 of the second inclined surface 92. When the first angle θ1 is smaller than the second angle θ2, the generated chips are more likely to hit the second inclined surface 92, and therefore the chip curling action is enhanced.

Here, the first angle θ1 of the first inclined surface 91 and the second angle θ2 of the second inclined surface 92 can be defined as follows, for example. That is, the first angle θ1 of the first inclined surface 91 is, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, in the cross section perpendicular to the ridge 2, the first inclined surface 91 relative to the reference surface perpendicular to the central axis O1 of the insert 1. It can be an inclination angle.

As described above, when the edge portion 7 is a flat surface perpendicular to the central axis O1 of the insert 1, the edge portion 7 may be used as a reference surface. The second angle θ2 of the second inclined surface 92 can be similarly defined.

The first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 may be substantially constant over the entire length of the first groove 9. That is, the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 may be substantially constant along the ridge 2. Here, “substantially constant” does not require that the values match completely and does not change at all, and may include some error and may be substantially constant.

When the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 are substantially constant, the generated chips are likely to stably flow into the first groove 9, and there is little possibility that the chips will contact the protruding portion 8 too strongly. Therefore, the effect | action which curls a chip stably by the protrusion part 8 is high.

For example, the first angle θ1 may be 12 ° to 30 °, and the second angle θ2 may be 15 ° to 60 °.

In the top view, the dimension (width) of the first inclined surface 91 in the direction perpendicular to the ridge 2 may be larger than the dimension (width) of the second inclined surface 92 in the direction perpendicular to the ridge 2. Before the chips reach the second inclined surface 92 having a relatively large inclination angle, the entry speed of the chips is moderately reduced, so that the chips can easily come into contact with the second inclined surface 92 stably. As a result, the curling action of chips is further enhanced.

As shown in FIGS. 5 to 10, the protruding portion 8 may have a first portion 81 and a second portion 82. The first part 81 is a part that is inclined upward as it is away from the first groove 9, and the second part 82 is located inward of the first part 81 and is upward as it is away from the first part 81. It is the part which inclines toward.

That is, the protruding portion 8 may have such a two-stage rising shape. At this time, the second angle θ2 of the second inclined surface 92 may be larger than the third angle θ3 that is the inclination angle of the first portion 81 and the fourth angle θ4 that is the inclination angle of the second portion 82.

When the protrusion 8 has the above-described configuration, the area through which the chips pass is a three-stage rising shape including the protrusion 8 and the first groove 9. Of the three-stage rising shapes, the second angle θ2 of the second inclined surface 92 located closest to the ridge portion 2 is the first portion 81 located inward of the second inclined surface 92. The third angle θ3 and the fourth angle θ4 of the second part 82 are larger.

Therefore, since the generated chips can make good contact with the second inclined surface 92 of the first groove 9 even under cutting conditions with a small depth of cut and a small amount of feed, a good chip curling action can be obtained. can get.

Here, the third angle θ3 that is the inclination angle of the first part 81 and the fourth angle θ4 that is the inclination angle of the second part 82 are defined in the same manner as the first angle θ1 and the second angle θ2 described above. be able to. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the third angle θ3 of the first portion 81 is, for example, in a cross section perpendicular to the ridge portion 2, more specifically, in a cross section passing through the bisector of the corner 3a. The inclination angle of the first part 81 with respect to the surface can be set. The same applies to the fourth angle θ4 of the second portion 82.

At this time, the third angle θ3 of the first part 81 may be smaller than the fourth angle θ4 of the second part 82. When satisfying such a relationship, the chips can be curled stably at the time of high-feed machining, and therefore the chip dischargeability at the time of high-feed machining can be improved.

For example, the third angle θ3 may be 20 ° to 60 °, and the fourth angle θ4 may be 40 ° to 70 °.

As shown in FIG. 5, the edge 7 may have a first edge 7a, a second edge 7b, and a third edge 7c. The first edge portion 7 a is a region located along the corner 3 a in the edge portion 7. The second edge portion 7 b is a region located along the first side 3 b 1 in the edge portion 7. The third edge 7 c is a region located along the second side 3 b 2 in the edge 7.

When viewed from above, the first length D1 in the direction along the bisector M of the first edge 7a is the second maximum value in the direction perpendicular to the first side 3b1 in the second edge 7b. The length D2 may be smaller than the third length D3 that is the maximum value in the direction orthogonal to the second side 3b2 at the third edge 7c.

When the first groove 9 is located as described above, the first groove 9 is located closer to the ridge 2 at the corner 3a than at the first side 3b1 and the second side 3b2. . Therefore, the generated chips are likely to flow stably into the first groove 9 under a cutting condition with a large cut amount and a small feed amount. As a result, it is possible to improve the curling action of the chips under cutting conditions in which the cutting amount is large and the feeding amount is small.

Here, the first length D1 to the third length D3 can be defined as follows, for example. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, for example, the first length D1 is the length from the ridge 2 to the first groove 9 in the direction along the bisector M of the corner 3a (that is, the edge) The dimension of the part 7). For example, the second length D2 is the maximum value of the length from the ridge 2 to the first groove 9 in the direction perpendicular to the first side 3b1 (that is, the dimension of the edge 7) in the top view. Can be defined as The third length D3 can be defined similarly to the second length D2.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 5, in the top view, the outer edge of the first groove 9 has a circular arc shape, and the curvature radius R1 of the outer edge may be smaller than the curvature radius R2 of the corner 3a. When the outer edge and the corner 3a of the first groove 9 have the above-described configuration, it is possible to improve the chip curl action under the cutting conditions where the cutting amount is large and the feeding amount is small as described above.

Further, the width of the first groove 9 in the direction perpendicular to the ridge 2 may be maximum on the bisector M of the corner 3a. And the width | variety of the 1st groove | channel 9 in the direction perpendicular | vertical to the ridge part 2 may become small as it leaves | separates from the corner | angular 3a. That is, the width of the first groove 9 in the direction perpendicular to the ridge 2 may be minimized at the end portions located on the first side 3b1 side and the second side 3b2 side.

When the width of the first groove 9 is the above-described configuration, chips are likely to flow into the first groove 9 under cutting conditions in which the cut amount is small and the feed amount is large. Therefore, the curling action by the first groove 9 described above is preferably exhibited.

The protrusion 8 includes a region corresponding to the corner 3a (first region 8a), a region corresponding to the first side 3b1 (second region 8b), and a region corresponding to the second side 3b2 (third region 8c). You may have. The first region 8a corresponding to the corner 3a faces the corner 3a, the second region 8b faces the first side 3b1, and the third region 8c faces the second side 3b2. .

At this time, when viewed from above, the upper edge of the first region 8a may be a straight line orthogonal to the bisector M of the corner 3a. On the other hand, in the top view, the upper edge of the second region 8b may be a combination of two straight lines. Of these two straight lines, one straight line located on the side of the corner 3a is parallel to the corner 3a or inclined so as to move away from the first side 3b1 as the distance from the corner 3a increases, and the other straight line is You may incline so that it may approach 1st edge | side 3b1 as it leaves | separates from the corner | angular 3a. In such a case, the region of the projecting portion 8 that is involved under cutting conditions in which the cutting amount is small and the feeding amount is large is located close to the cutting edge. Therefore, the chips can be curled stably.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a cutting insert 111 (hereinafter, also simply referred to as the insert 111) according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIGS. In the following, description will be made with a focus on the differences from the insert 1 of the first embodiment. Therefore, for the part having the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, the description in the first embodiment is cited and the description is omitted.

The insert 111 has a main body portion 11 and a sintered body portion 12 in the same manner as the insert 1 of the first embodiment. The sintered body portion 12 has a ridge portion 2, an upper surface 3, a lower surface 5, a side surface 6, and a through hole 13. As shown in FIG. 13, the upper surface 3 has an edge portion 7, a protruding portion 8, and a first groove 9. The protruding portion 8 has a first portion 81 and a second portion 82, and the first groove 9 has a first inclined surface 91 and a second inclined surface 92. That is, like the insert 1 of 1st Embodiment, if the protrusion part 8 and the 1st groove | channel 9 are included, the area | region through which chips pass among the upper surfaces 3 will become a 3 step | paragraph standing shape.

The insert 111 is different from the insert 1 of the first embodiment in the specific configuration of the three-stage rising shape. In the example shown in FIG. 15, the second angle θ2 of the second inclined surface 92 is smaller than the first angle θ3 of the first part 81 and larger than the fourth angle θ4 of the second part 82. . With such a configuration, it is possible to exhibit good chip discharging properties over a cutting condition with a small feed amount to a cutting condition with a large feed amount.

In the first embodiment, for example, it is possible to exhibit suitable chip discharge performance in cutting with a small cutting amount such as processing using about half of the corner 3a. On the other hand, in 2nd Embodiment, the chip | tip discharge | emission property suitable for cutting processing with a medium cutting amount which is processed using the full length of the corner | angular 3a can be exhibited, for example.

Further, in the first embodiment, for example, thin chips generated when a hardened carburized layer portion is processed in carburizing removal processing can be suitably processed. On the other hand, in the second embodiment, for example, even when the surface of a work material with low hardness is processed in carburization removal processing, good chip dischargeability can be exhibited.

The shape of the first groove 9 in the insert 111 may be different from that of the insert 1 of the first embodiment. That is, the first length D1 from the ridge 2 to the first groove 9 in the direction along the bisector M of the corner 3a is from the ridge 2 to the first groove 9 in the direction perpendicular to the first side 3b1. It may be larger than the third length D3 from the ridge 2 to the first groove 9 in the direction perpendicular to the second length D2 and the second side 3b2.

When the first groove 9 is positioned as described above, the effect of curling and dividing the generated chips under cutting conditions in which the cutting amount is large and the feeding amount is small is enhanced. The first length D1 to the third length D3 can be defined in the same manner as described above.

Furthermore, in the insert 111, the outer edge of the first groove 9 may have an arc shape in a top view, and the curvature radius R1 of the outer edge may be larger than the curvature radius R2 of the corner 3a. When the outer edge and the corner 3a of the first groove 9 have the above-described configuration, it is possible to enhance the above-described chip curling action and cutting action under the cutting conditions in which the cutting amount is large and the feeding amount is small.

Further, similarly to the insert 1 of the first embodiment, the width of the first groove 9 in the direction perpendicular to the ridge 2 may be maximum on the bisector M of the corner 3a. And the width | variety of the 1st groove | channel 9 in the direction perpendicular | vertical to the ridge part 2 may become small as it leaves | separates from the corner | angular 3a.

In the example illustrated in FIG. 13, the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the width of the first groove 9 in the direction perpendicular to the ridge 2 is larger than the above-described difference in the first embodiment. When the 1st groove | channel 9 is the above structures, a chip can be made to contact the 2nd inclined surface 92 stably on cutting conditions with small feed amount. Therefore, the effect of curling the chips stably is increased.

Also, unlike the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13, the inner edge of the first groove 9 may be a straight line orthogonal to the bisector M of the corner 3a in a top view. That is, in the top view, the outer edge of the first groove 9 may be convex toward the corner 3a, while the inner edge of the first groove 9 may be orthogonal to the bisector M of the corner 3a.

When the 1st groove | channel 9 is the above structures, the chip | tip produced | generated under the cutting conditions with a large cutting amount and a small feed amount can be made to contact the 1st groove | channel 9 stably. Therefore, good chip discharge performance is exhibited.

Furthermore, the shape of the protrusion 8 may be different from the insert 1 of the first embodiment. As an example shown in FIG. 13, the upper edge of the second region 8b of the protruding portion 8 may be a single straight line that is inclined away from the corresponding first side 3b1 as the distance from the corner 3a increases. In such a case, the distance between the upper edge of the protruding portion 8 and the ridge portion 2 can be ensured behind the first side 3b1, so that chips are not easily clogged under cutting conditions with a large feed amount.

(Third embodiment)
Next, a cutting insert 211 (hereinafter also simply referred to as the insert 211) according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIGS. In the following, description will be made centering on portions that are different from the insert 1 of the first embodiment and the insert 111 of the second embodiment. Therefore, about the part which has the structure similar to 1st Embodiment and 2nd Embodiment, description in 1st Embodiment and 2nd Embodiment is used and description is abbreviate | omitted.

The insert 211 has the main body part 11 and the sintered body part 12 like the insert 1 of the first embodiment. The sintered body portion 12 has a ridge portion 2, an upper surface 3, a lower surface 5, a side surface 6, and a through hole 13. The upper surface 3 has the edge part 7, the protrusion part 8, and the 1st groove | channel 9, as shown in FIG.

When viewed from above, the protrusion 8 in the example shown in FIG. 21 includes a plurality of second grooves 14 extending in a direction inclined with respect to the first side 3b1 in the region along the first side 3b1. Have. Thus, when the protrusion 8 has a plurality of second grooves 14 located in the region along the first side 3b1, the second time during the cutting process using the coolant (coolant). Since the coolant flows in the groove 14, the cooling efficiency is good. In particular, when at least one of the plurality of second grooves 14 is connected to the ridge 2, the ridge 2 used as a cutting blade can be efficiently cooled.

Further, when the plurality of second grooves 14 extend in directions inclined with respect to the first side 3b1, the direction in which the chips flow is easily controlled by the second grooves 14. In particular, when at least two of the plurality of second grooves 14 extend parallel to each other as in the example illustrated in FIG. 21, the direction in which the chips flow is further easily controlled.

Further, when the plurality of second grooves 14 extend in directions inclined with respect to the first side 3b1, the chips are likely to be twisted. Therefore, it is hard to clog chips. In particular, as in the example illustrated in FIG. 21, when the plurality of second grooves 14 extend in a direction away from the corner 3 a as the distance from the first side 3 b 1 increases, the chip discharging property is higher.

The protrusion 8 in the example shown in FIG. 21 has a plurality of grooves in a region along the second side 3b2 as a groove corresponding to the plurality of second grooves 14 located in the region along the first side 3b1. Have. Thus, when the protrusion 8 has a plurality of grooves in each of the regions along the first side 3b1 and the second side 3b2, any one of the first side 3b1 and the second side 3b2 is a cutting edge. Even when used as a cooling efficiency.

(Fourth embodiment)
Next, a cutting insert 311 (hereinafter also simply referred to as an insert 311) according to a fourth embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIGS. In the following, description will be made with a focus on differences from the insert 1 of the first embodiment to the insert 211 of the third embodiment. Therefore, the description of the first embodiment to the third embodiment is applied to the portion having the same configuration as that of the first embodiment to the third embodiment, and the description is omitted.

The insert 311 has a main body portion 11 and a sintered body portion 12 in the same manner as the insert 1 of the first embodiment. The sintered body portion 12 has a ridge portion 2, an upper surface 3, a lower surface 5, a side surface 6, and a through hole 13. As shown in FIG. 24, the upper surface 3 has an edge portion 7, a protruding portion 8, and a first groove 9. Moreover, the insert 311 has the 2nd groove | channel 14 similarly to the insert 211 of 3rd Embodiment.

When viewed from the top, the first groove 9 in the example shown in FIG. 24 has a plurality of third grooves 15 extending in a direction inclined with respect to the first side 3b1 in the region along the first side 3b1. have. Thus, when the 1st groove | channel 9 has the some 3rd groove | channel 15 located in the area | region along 1st edge | side 3b1, at the time of the cutting process using a coolant (coolant), Since the coolant flows through the three grooves 15, the cooling efficiency is good. In particular, when at least one of the plurality of third grooves 15 is connected to the ridge 2, the ridge 2 used as a cutting blade can be efficiently cooled.

Further, when the plurality of third grooves 15 extend in the direction inclined with respect to the first side 3b1, the direction in which the chips flow is easily controlled by the third grooves 15. In particular, when at least two of the plurality of third grooves 15 extend in parallel to each other as in the example illustrated in FIG. 24, the direction in which the chips flow is further easily controlled.

Further, when the plurality of third grooves 15 extend in directions inclined with respect to the first side 3b1, the chips are likely to be twisted. Therefore, it is hard to clog chips. In particular, as in the example shown in FIG. 24, when the plurality of third grooves 15 extend in the direction away from the corner 3a as they are away from the first side 3b1, the chip discharging property is higher.

In addition, the 1st groove | channel 9 in an example shown in FIG. 24 is also a some groove | channel also in the area | region along 2nd edge | side 3b2 as a groove | channel corresponding to the some 3rd groove | channel 15 located in the area | region along 1st edge | side 3b1. have. As described above, when the first groove 9 has a plurality of grooves in each of the regions along the first side 3b1 and the second side 3b2, any one of the first side 3b1 and the second side 3b2 is cut. Even when used as a blade, the cooling efficiency is high.

As mentioned above, although the insert which concerns on each embodiment of this indication was explained, the insert of this indication is not limited to these embodiments.

<Cutting tools>
Next, the cutting tool 101 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 26, the cutting tool 101 of the embodiment includes a holder 105 having an insert pocket 103 (hereinafter also simply referred to as a pocket 103) on the first end side, and an insert 1 mounted in the pocket 103. I have. At this time, the insert 1 may be mounted in the pocket 103 so that at least the cutting edge protrudes from the first end of the holder 105, in other words, the cutting edge protrudes outward from the holder 105.

The holder 105 in the embodiment may have a rod shape that is elongated from the first end toward the second end. One pocket 103 is provided on the first end side of the holder 105 in the example shown in FIG. The pocket 103 is a portion to which the insert 1 is mounted, and may be open to the end surface of the holder 105 on the first end side.

The insert 1 may be fixed to the insert pocket by a clamp member 107, for example. That is, the fixing screw 109 is inserted into the through hole of the clamp member 107 in a state where the tip end portion of the clamp member 107 is inserted into the through hole of the insert 1.

Then, the distal end portion of the clamp member 107 presses the insert 1 against the holder 103 by inserting the distal end of the fixing screw 109 into a screw hole (not shown) formed in the holder 103 and screwing the screw portions together. . Thereby, the insert 1 is attached to the holder 103.

Note that the method of fixing the insert 1 to the holder 103 is not limited to the method using such a clamp structure. For example, other methods such as fixing with screws without using the clamp member 107 may be adopted.

As the material of the holder 105, the clamp member 107, and the fixing screw 109, for example, steel, cast iron or the like can be used. Among these materials, steel has high toughness.

<Manufacturing method of cut product>
Next, the manufacturing method of the cut workpiece which concerns on embodiment of this indication is demonstrated using drawing.

The cut workpiece is produced by cutting the work material 201. In the embodiment, outer diameter processing is exemplified as the cutting processing. Examples of the cutting process include an inner diameter process, a grooving process, and an end face process in addition to the outer diameter process. The method for manufacturing a cut product according to the embodiment includes the following steps (1) to (3).
(1) A step of rotating the work material 201.
(2) A step of bringing at least the cutting edge of the cutting tool 101 typified by the above embodiment into contact with the rotating work material 201.
(3) A step of separating the cutting tool 101 from the work material 201.

More specifically, first, as shown in FIG. 27, the work material 201 is rotated around the axis X in the X1 direction. Further, the cutting tool 101 is moved closer to the workpiece 201 by moving the cutting tool 101 in the X2 direction. Next, as shown in FIG. 28, the work material 201 is cut by bringing the cutting edge of the cutting tool 101 into contact with the work material 201. At this time, the surface of the work material is processed by cutting the work material 201 while moving the cutting tool 101 in the X3 direction. Then, as shown in FIG. 29, the cutting tool 101 is moved away from the work material 201 by moving the cutting tool 101 in the X4 direction.

In the example shown in FIG. 27, the cutting tool 101 is brought close to the work material 201 while the axis X is fixed and the work material 201 is rotated. In FIG. 28, the work material 201 is cut by bringing the cutting blade of the insert 1 into contact with the rotating work material 201. In FIG. 29, the cutting tool 101 is moved away while the work material 201 is rotated.

27 to 29, the cutting tool 101 is brought into contact with the work material 201 by moving the cutting tool 101 in each step, or the cutting tool 101 is moved from the work material 201 in each step. Of course, the embodiment is not limited to such a form.

For example, the work material 201 may be brought close to the cutting tool 101 in the step (1). Similarly, in the step (3), the work material 201 may be moved away from the cutting tool 101. In the case of continuing the cutting process, the state in which the workpiece 201 is rotated and the cutting blade of the insert 1 is brought into contact with a different portion of the workpiece 201 may be repeated.

Note that examples of the material of the work material 201 include carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, cast iron, and non-ferrous metal.

As mentioned above, although the embodiment according to the present disclosure has been illustrated, the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is needless to say that the embodiment can be arbitrarily set without departing from the gist of the present disclosure.

1. Cutting insert (insert)
2 ... Ridge 21 ... 1st cutting edge 22 ... 2nd cutting edge 3 ... Upper surface 3a ... Corner 3b1 ... 1st side 3b2 ... 2nd side 31 ... Corner region 4 ... main surface 5 ... lower surface 6 ... side surface 7 ... edge 7a ... first edge 7b ... second edge 7c ... third edge 8 · .... Projection 8a ... 1st field 8b ... 2nd field 8c ... 3rd field 81 ... 1st part 82 ... 2nd part 9 ... 1st groove 91 ... 1st inclined surface 92 ... 2nd inclined surface 93 ... bottom part 11 ... 1st member (main-body part)
12 ... 2nd member (sintered body part)
13 ... through hole 14 ... second groove 15 ... third groove 101 ... cutting tool 103 ... insert pocket (pocket)
105 ... holder 107 ... clamp member 109 ... fixing screw 201 ... work material W1 ... first width W2 ... second width D1 ... first length D2 ... 2nd length D3 ... 3rd length θ1 ... 1st angle θ2 ... 2nd angle θ3 ... 3rd angle θ4 ... 4th angle L1 ... 1st imaginary line L2 ..Second virtual line M ... bisector P ... intersection

Claims

A first member;
A second member joined to the first member,
The second member is
An upper surface having a first side, a second side, and an angle located between the first side and the second side;
A side surface adjacent to the upper surface;
A ridge located at the intersection of the upper surface and the side surface,
The upper surface is
An edge that is located along the corner, the first side, and the second side and that is inclined upward as it is away from the ridge, or the height of the ridge is the same, and
A protrusion that is located inward of the edge and protrudes upward;
A first groove located between the edge and the protrusion,
When viewed from above, the first width of the first groove in the direction perpendicular to the bisector of the corner is smaller than the second width of the protrusion in the direction perpendicular to the bisector insert.
When viewed from the top,
A line orthogonal to the first side is a first imaginary line, a line orthogonal to the second side is a second imaginary line, and the intersection of the first imaginary line and the second imaginary line is closest to the corner. When the intersection point P is the intersection point P,
2. The cutting insert according to claim 1, wherein a portion of the first groove corresponding to the bisector is located closer to the corner than the intersection point P. 3.
The cutting insert according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first groove is connected to the edge when viewed from above.
The cutting insert according to claim 3, wherein the first groove has a convex shape protruding toward the corner when viewed from above.
The cutting insert according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a bottom portion of the first groove is located on the bisector when viewed from above.
The cutting insert according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first groove has a concave curved surface shape in a cross section along the bisector in a top view.
The first groove has a first inclined surface that is inclined downward as it is away from the ridge portion, and is located inward of the first inclined surface and is inclined upward as it is away from the first inclined surface. A second inclined surface,
The first angle of the first inclined surface is smaller than the second angle of the second inclined surface in a cross section along the bisector in a top view, according to any one of claims 1 to 6. Cutting inserts.
The projecting portion is a first portion that is inclined upward as it is away from the first groove, and a second portion that is located inward from the first portion and is inclined upward as it is away from the first portion. And
The cutting insert according to claim 7, wherein the second angle is larger than a third angle of the first part and a fourth angle of the second part.
The cutting insert according to claim 8, wherein the third angle is smaller than the fourth angle.
The edge is
A first edge located along the corner;
A second edge located along the first side;
A third edge located along the second side,
When viewed from above, the first length of the first edge in the direction along the bisector is the second length that is the maximum value in the direction perpendicular to the first side of the second edge. The cutting insert according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the cutting insert is smaller than a third length which is a maximum value in a direction perpendicular to the second side at the third edge.
When viewed from above, the protrusion includes a plurality of second grooves extending in a direction inclined with respect to the first side in a region along the first side. The cutting insert according to any one of 10.
The cutting insert according to claim 11, wherein when viewed from above, at least one of the plurality of second grooves is connected to the ridge.
The first groove has a plurality of third grooves extending in a direction inclined with respect to the first side in a region along the first side when viewed from above. The cutting insert according to any one of 1 to 12.
The cutting insert according to claim 13, wherein when viewed from above, at least one of the plurality of third grooves is connected to the edge.
The cutting insert according to any one of claims 1 to 14,
A cutting tool comprising: a holder on which the cutting insert is mounted.
A step of rotating the work material;
Bringing the cutting tool according to claim 15 into contact with the rotating work material;
And a step of separating the cutting tool from the work material.