WO2018157022A1 - Long lasting coating for nails - Google Patents

Abstract

The present disclosure relates generally to a nail enamel composition comprising at least two polyester resins, a solvent, and a plasticizer and said composition has a 7 day minimum sward hardness score of 14 and a minimum 7 day cross hatch adhesion score of 5B when applied to a glass plate.

Description

Long Lasting Coating for Nails

This application claims priority from co-pending US provisional application Serial Number 62/463,891 , filed February 27, 2017, the entire disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference.

FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to compositions for nail coatings, and particularly, but not by way of limitation, to compositions containing a combination of three polyester resins that provide improved adhesion.

BACKGROUND

[0002] The information provided below is not admitted to be prior art to the present invention, but is provided solely to assist the understanding of the reader.

[0003] Polyester resins have been used in nail enamel formulations for many years. The most commonly used polyester resin is adipic acid/neopentyl glycol/trimeliitic anhydride copolymer (I).

In nail enamels this polyester is not found in combination with other polyester resins.

[0004] There is a need in the commercial nail enamel industry to develop longer wearing nail enamel.

SUMMARY

[0005] In an embodiment of this disclosure a nail enamel composition comprising at least two polyester resins, a solvent, and a plasticizer. The composition has a 7 day minimum sward hardness score of 14 and a minimum 7 day cross hatch adhesion score of 5B when applied to a glass plate.

[0006] In an embodiment of this disclosure the nail enamel composition can be applied to natural or synthetic nails,

[0007] In an embodiment the polyester resins found in the nail enamel composition are the product of a reaction between at least one diol and at least one di-carboxylic acid. The diol can also react with at least one di-anhydride to form a different polyester resin.

[0008] In an embodiment the nail enamel composition contains a mixture of polyester resins. An example of a polyester resin mixture is a combination of Trimethylpentanediol/adipic acid copolymer and polyester-10/propy!ene glycol dibenzoate and Trimethylpentanediol/adipic acid /glycerin crosspolymer. These polyester resins can be found in any combination and concentration that provides a 7 day minimum sward hardness score of 14 and a minimum 7 day cross hatch adhesion score of 5B when applied to a glass plate.

[0009] In an embodiment the nail enamel composition contains a solvent in addition to the combined polyester resins. The solvent may be selected from, for example, the group consisting of ketones, a!kyl acetates, alcohols, alkanes, alkenes, acetone, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, isopropy! alcohol, ethanoi, methyl ethyl ketone, toluene, hexane, and mixtures thereof.

[0010] in another embodiment the naii enamel composition may contain coloring agents, preservatives, plasticizer, and/or fragrance.

BREIF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] The foregoing and other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following, more particular description of embodiments of the invention, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein;

[0012] FIG. 1 is a cross hatch adhesion image of compositions containing a single polyester resin (formulas 1091-107.1 , 1091 -107.2, and 1091-107.3).

[0013] FIG, 2 is a cross hatch adhesion image of compositions containing a combination of 2 polyester resin (formulas 1091-107.4, 1091 -107,5, and 1091-107,6).

DESCRIPTION

[0014] Embodiments of the present invention are discussed in detail below. In describing embodiments, specific terminology is employed for the sake of clarity. However, the invention is not intended to be limited to the specific terminology so selected. While specific exemplary embodiments are discussed, it should be understood that this is done for illustration purposes only. A person skilled in the relevant art wi!i recognize that other components and configurations can be used without parting from the spirit and scope of the invention. While a number of embodiments and features are described herein, it is to be understood that the various features of the invention and aspects of embodiments, even if described separately, may be combined unless mutually exclusive or contrary to the specific description. All references cited herein are incorporated by reference as if each had been individually incorporated,

[0015] The present disclosure relates generally to a nail enamel composition comprising at least two polyester resins, a solvent, and a plasticizer having 7 day minimum sward hardness score of 14 and a minimum 7 day cross hatch adhesion score of 5B when applied to a glass plate. Polyester resins are also named resins in this application.

[0016] As used in the present disclosure the compositions may be applied to a natural nail or a synthetic nail. The natural nail is the natural keratinous material known as fingernails and toenails. Synthetic nails are comprised of Ghemically reactive monomers, and/or oligomers, in combination with reactive or non-reactive polymers to create systems which are typically 100% solids and do not require non-reactive solvents, Upon pre-mixing and subsequent application to the natural nail, or application and exposure to U V radiation, a chemical reaction ensues resulting in the formation of a long lasting, highly durable cross-linked nail coating that is difficult to remove. Artificial nails may possess greatly enhanced adhesion, durability, as well as scratch and solvent resistance when compared to nail polishes. However, because of these inherent properties, such coatings are much harder to remove, should the consumer so desire.

[0017] Nail coatings are compositions that have traditionally been classified into two categories: naii polishes; also known as lacquers, varnish or enamels and artificial nails; also known as gels or acrylics. Nail enamels typically comprise various solid components which are dissolved and/or suspended in non-reactive solvents. Upon application and drying, the solids deposit on the nail surface as a clear, translucent or colored film. Typically, nail enamels are easily scratched and are easily removed with solvent, usually within one minute and if not removed as described, will chip or peel from the natural nail in one to five days. [0018] As used herein hardness refers to a flexible composition for coating nails, If the coating is too hard the composition is not flexible and will crack with wear. If the coating is too soft, the composition will easily be wiped or washed off with wear. The desired composition is neither too hard nor too soft.

[0019] "Sward hardness" is a test that provides a numerical score for hardness for a dried coating. This test uses a measurement device called a "Sward Hardness Rocker", which consists of 2 cylindrical stainless steel rings and a digital measurement apparatus. This instrument operates on the principle that the amplitude of oscillation of the cylindrical rocker decreases more rapidly as the coating surface on which the test is performed becomes softer. A softer coating tends to reduce the number of oscillations of the rocker, while a harder coating tends to increase the number of oscillations of the rocker. The digital measurement apparatus counts the number of oscillations completed by the instrument and conveys this information to the operator by means of a digital numerical display screen. A lower numerical Sward Hardness score signifies a softer coating, while a higher numerical Sward Hardness score signifies a harder coating, This method is well known in the coatings industry; it is described more formally- in ASTM Test Method D2134.

[0020] Cross hatch adhesion score measure the ability of a coating to adhere to the substrate to which it has been applied. The cross hatch test method involves making 2 incisions in each coating at right angles, using a special 11-biaded knife, thus creating a 100 square grid, to which adhesive tape is applied. Upon removal of the tape, the amount of coating remaining is scored using a 6 point numerical scale ranging from OB (all coating removed) to 5B (no coating removed).

[0021] As used herein, the expression "at least one" means one or more and thus includes individual components as well as mixtures and combinations,

[0022] As used herein, a diol is a chemical compound containing two hydroxyl groups. This pairing of functional groups is pervasive, and many subcategories have been identified. The most common industrial diol is ethylene glycol.

[0023] The cosmetic compositions and methods of the present disclosure consist of, or consist essentially of the elements and limitations described herein, as well as any additional or optional ingredients, components, or (imitations otherwise useful as found in personal care compositions intended for application to nail coatings. A person skilled in the art will take care to select the optional additional additives and/or the amount thereof such that the advantageous properties of the composition according to the invention are not, or are not substantially, adversely affected by the envisaged addition. These substances may be selected variously by the person skilled in the art in order to prepare a composition which has the desired properties, for example, consistency or texture, These additives may be present in the composition in a proportion from 0% to 99% (such as from 0.01% to 90%) relative to the total weight of the composition and further such as from 0.1 % to 50% (if present),

[0024] According to the present disclosure, the nail enamel compositions may comprise at least one coloring agent (colorant), Suitable coloring agents include but are not limited to pigments, dyes, such as liposoluble dyes, nacreous pigments, and pearling agents.

[0025] According to the present disclosure, the compositions may comprise a basecoat or topcoat layer. In the basecoat or topcoat layer the composition is clear or transparent prior to (basecoat) or after (topcoat) application of the color layer. However, it is possible that topcoats and basecoats could contain colorants.

[0026] A basecoat can be described as a layer intermediate between the natural or synthetic nail and coating surfaces,

[0027] A topcoat can be described as a protective topcoat layer to be applied to an exposed surface of the color layer,

[0028] According to the present disclosure layers of composition describe the application of human nail coatings. A nail enamel is painted on the nail to provide a cosmetic coloring or a healing or strengthening of the nail. According to an aspect, the nail enamel is applied, and at least partially dried as three, distinct layers. According to an aspect, application of any one of the layers may be omitted. According to an aspect, application of any two of the layers may be omitted. According to an aspect, only a nail enamel for a color layer comprises colorant agents. According to an aspect, a formulation for any of the layers may comprise colorant.

[0029] Representative [iposoluble dyes which may be used according to the present invention including, but are not limited to, Sudan Red, DC Red 17, DC Green 6, .beta, -carotene, soybean oil, Sudan Brown, DC Yellow 11 , DC Violet 2, DC Orange 5, annatto, and quinoline yellow. The liposoluble dyes, when present, generally have a concentration ranging up to 20% by weight of the total weight of the composition, such as from 0.0001 % to 6%.

[0030] The nacreous pigments which may be used according to the present invention may be chosen from, but not limited to, white nacreous pigments such as mica coated with titanium or with bismuth oxychioride, colored nacreous pigments such as titanium mica with iron oxides, titanium mica with ferric blue or chromium oxide, titanium mica with an organic pigment chosen from those mentioned above, and nacreous pigments based on bismuth oxych!oride. The nacreous pigments, if present, are present in the composition in a concentration ranging up to 50% by weight of the total weight of the composition, such as from 0.1% to 20%, preferably from 0.1 % to 15%.

[0031] The pigments, which may be used according to the present invention, may be chosen from, but not limited to, white, colored, inorganic, organic, polymeric, nonpolymeric, coated and uncoated pigments, Representative examples of mineral pigments include titanium dioxide, optionally surface-treated, zirconium oxide, zinc oxide, cerium oxide, iron oxides, chromium oxides, manganese violet, ultramarine blue, chromium hydrate, and ferric blue, Representative examples of organic pigments include carbon black, pigments of D & C type, and lakes based on cochineal carmine, barium, strontium, calcium, and aluminum.

[0032] The pigments may be present in the composition in a concentration ranging up to 50% by weight of the total weight of the composition, such as from 0.01% to 40%, and further such as from 2% to 30%. in the case of certain products, the pigments, including nacreous pigments, may, for example, represent up to 50% by weight of the composition.

[0033] The compositions of the invention may contain from about 0.001-5% by weight of a plasticizer. The plasticizer causes the polymerized nail structure to have improved flexibility and reduced brittleness. Plasticizers act to minimize the effects of brittleness of the subsequently formed polymer after exposure to UV radiation, sun light, or air, Piasticizers also are found to slightly shorten the removal time, Plasticizers may be present at from 0 to about 25 weight % of the composition. Persons of skill In the polymer arts will appreciate that inclusion of piasticizers above a certain limit Is undesirable because they may impair the integrity and durability of the coatings. Suitable plasticizers may be, but are not limited to, esters, low volatility solvents, or non-ionic materials such as nonionic organic surfactants or silicones,

[0034] The composition of the present disclosure may comprise at least one solvent A suitable solvent is readily volatile at room temperature and is a good solvent for the remaining ingredients. Upon application, the solvent readily volatilizes leaving regions of increased porosity throughout the nail coating. These porous regions later facilitate the entry of a remover solvent which may be acetone. The solvent may be present in the composition in ranges from 0.1-95 by weight of the total composition.

[0035] Examples of suitable solvents include, but are not limited to, ketones, a!kyl acetates, alcohols, alkanes, alkenes, and mixtures thereof. Suitable solvents may be selected from the group consisting of acetone, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, isopropyl alcohol, ethanol, methyl ethyl ketone, toluene, hexane, and mixtures thereof. Typically a solvent or a mixture of solvents is included at up to about 70 weight percent,

[0036] In the composition of the present disclosure the term "film former" means a material which, upon drying, produces a continuous film on keratinous substrates such as skin, hair, or nai!s. The term "film forming polymer" means that the film former is in the polymeric form. A variety of polymers have film forming properties; they can be natural polymers, synthetic polymers, or polymers that have both natural and synthetic portions, When forming a film on nails, it is important that the film have certain properties in order to provide a commercially acceptable product, For example, if the film formed is too brittle, it may crack, or chip from the keratinous surface. On the other hand, if the film is not hard enough, it may be tacky to the touch and the consumer will have the feeling that the product has not dried on the skin, A wide variety of film forming polymers may be used in the cosmetic or personal care products of the invention. The film forming polymer must be capable of forming a film on the skin, nails, or hair. The film forming polymers may be natural or synthetic, or a combination of both, and may be in the form of solids, semi-solids, or liquids. The film forming polymer may be neutral or ionic in character, e.g, anionic, cationic, nonionlc, or amphoteric.

[0037] Suitable synthetic polymers include homopolymers, copolymers, and block and graft copolymers comprised of repeating monomers such as acrylic or methacry!ic acid or esters thereof, urethanes, esters, amides, styrene, vinyl, silicon, and so on, The synthetic polymers may be present in the composition in ranges from 0.1-95%, preferabiy 1-85%, more preferably 3-45% by weight of the total composition.

[0038] Examples of synthetic film forming polymers include, but are not limited to, those set forth in the CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, Eighth Edition, 2000, pages 1744 through 1747, which are hereby incorporated by reference, including those which are summarized herein,

[0039] As used herein, polyester resins (also referred to as resins) are unsaturated synthetic resins formed by the reaction of dibasic organic acids and polyhydric alcohols Non-limiting examples of polyester resins used in the example include: trimethyipentanediol/adipic acid copolymer having a trade name of Lexorez TL-8; polyester-10 (and) propylene glycol dibenzoate having a trade name of Lexifilm Spray; and trimethylpentanedio!/adipic acid/g!ycerin crosspolymer having the trade name Lexorez 200. [0040] The reactants common to all of these polyester resins are at least one diol (C6-C8, branched or straight-chain) and at least one di-carboxylic acid or acid di-anhydride (C6-C10; aliphatic or aromatic) as exemplified below:

[0041] UNIPLEX 670P is a polyester resin in butyl acetate used in fingernail enamels. EXAMPLE

[0042] Tabie 1 compares test formulations with one polyester resin, a combination of two polyester resins, and a combination of three polyester resins.

[0043] A set of eight (8) pigmented nitrocellulose lacquers were prepared according to Table 1 . in-vitro film properties of each formulation were evaluated by casting films of 0,006" wet film thickness onto clean glass plates using a Bird film applicator (re: ASTM 333/823/2466/3258/3265). Samples were allowed to dry at ambient temperature. The results of Sward hardness testing and cross hatch adhesion score are found in Table 1 beiow.

[0044] The combination of two or three resins improved the 7 day cross hatch adhesion scores. The cross hatch adhesion score demonstrates differences in adhesion,

[0045] The Sward hardness values did not demonstrate differences when two or three resins were combined. The Sward hardness test is a measure of film hardness.

Claims

CLAIMS What is claimed is:

1. A nail enamel composition comprising at least two polyester resins, a solvent, and a plastlcizer and said composition has a 7 day minimum sward hardness score of 14 and a minimum 7 day cross hatch adhesion score of 5B when applied to a glass plate.

2. The nail enamel composition of claim 1 , wherein the nail enamel composition is applied to a natural or a synthetic nail.

3. The nail enamel composition of claim 1 , wherein the polyester resins are comprised of an at least one diol and an at least one di-carboxylic acid.

4. The nail enamel composition of claim 1 , wherein the polyester resins are comprised of an at ieast one diol.

5. The nail enamel composition of claim 4, wherein at Ieast one of the polyester resins is comprised of at least one diol and an at Ieast one di-anhydride.

6. The nail enamel composition of claim 1 wherein at Ieast one of the polyester resins is comprised of at Ieast one diol and an at Ieast one di-carboxylic acid.

7. The nail enamel composition of claim 1 wherein the polyester resins in the nail enamel composition are a mixture of a Trimethylpentanediol/adipic acid copolymer and a poiyester- 10/propylene glycol dibenzoate and a Trimethylpentanediol/adipic acid /glycerin crosspolymer.

8. The nail enamel composition of claim 1 , wherein at Ieast one of the polyester resins is comprised of a polyester-10 (and) propylene glycol dibenzoate,

9. The nail enamel composition of claim 1 , wherein at Ieast one of the polyester resins are comprised of a Trimethylpentanediol/adipic acid copolymer.

10. The nail enamel composition of claim 1 , wherein at ieast one of the polyester resins are comprised of a Trimethylpentanediol/adipic acid /glycerin crosspolymer.

1 1. The nail enamel composition of claim 1 , wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of ketones, alkyl acetates, alcohols, alkanes, alkenes, and mixtures thereof.

12. The nail enamel composition of claim 1 , wherein said solvent is selected from the group consisting of acetone, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, isopropyl alcohol, ethanoi, methyl ethyl ketone, toluene, hexane, and mixtures thereof.

13. The nail enamel composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition may contain at least one coloring agent.

14. The nail enamels composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition may contain at least one fragrance.