WO2018145455A1 - 背光模组及显示装置 - Google Patents

背光模组及显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018145455A1
WO2018145455A1 PCT/CN2017/101259 CN2017101259W WO2018145455A1 WO 2018145455 A1 WO2018145455 A1 WO 2018145455A1 CN 2017101259 W CN2017101259 W CN 2017101259W WO 2018145455 A1 WO2018145455 A1 WO 2018145455A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
guide plate
light guide
backlight module
light source
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2017/101259
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
褚洋
布占场
陈明
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Beijing BOE Display Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Beijing BOE Display Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to US15/767,285 priority Critical patent/US20190064418A1/en
Publication of WO2018145455A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018145455A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0023—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
    • G02B6/003—Lens or lenticular sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0023—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
    • G02B6/0025—Diffusing sheet or layer; Prismatic sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • G02B6/0055—Reflecting element, sheet or layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0065—Manufacturing aspects; Material aspects

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a backlight module and a display device.
  • a liquid crystal display device is a main flat panel display device. Due to its small size, low power consumption, no radiation, and relatively low production cost, it is increasingly used in high-performance display fields.
  • a light emitting unit such as a backlight module
  • the function of the backlight module is to provide a surface light source with high brightness and uniform display for the display panel, so that the display panel can display images normally.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a backlight module and a display device.
  • a backlight module includes: a light guide plate; a light source disposed adjacent to a light incident side of the light guide plate; and a concentrating element disposed between the light guide plate and the light source And light for causing light incident on the surface of the light guide plate opposite to the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate from the light source to satisfy a total reflection condition at the surface.
  • the light collecting element is disposed on a surface of the light incident side of the light guide plate.
  • the concentrating element and the light guide plate are formed of the same material.
  • the concentrating element and the light guide plate comprise a glass material or a resin material.
  • the concentrating element comprises a concentrating prism, a concentrating lens, or a combination thereof.
  • the concentrating element comprises a hemispherical convex lens.
  • the maximum radius r of the hemispherical convex lens is calculated according to the following equation:
  • the light source is disposed on an axis of symmetry of the hemispherical convex lens, and the hemispherical convex lens and the light guide plate have the same refractive index;
  • d is the light source and the hemispherical convex lens closest to the light source The distance between the points;
  • ⁇ is the angle between the normal of the hemispherical convex lens and the axis of symmetry at the intersection of the edge ray of the light emitted by the light source and the hemispherical surface of the hemispherical convex lens, Calculated by the following equation:
  • n 2 sin( ⁇ /2+ ⁇ ) n 1 sin(90°-arcsin(n 3 /n 1 )+ ⁇ );
  • n 1 is a refractive index of the light guide plate and the semispherical convex lens
  • n 2 is a refractive index of an ambient gas
  • n 3 is a refractive index of a medium contacting a side opposite to a light exiting surface of the light guide plate
  • the concentrating element comprises an isosceles prism.
  • the isosceles prism has a minimum base angle ⁇ calculated according to the following equation:
  • n 2 sin( ⁇ /2+ ⁇ ) n 1 sin(90°-arcsin(n 3 /n 1 )+ ⁇ )
  • the light source is disposed on an axis of symmetry of the isosceles prism, and the isosceles prism and the light guide plate have the same refractive index; n 1 is a refractive index of the light guide plate and the isosceles prism; n 2 is a refractive index of the ambient gas; n 3 is a refractive index of a medium that is in contact with a side opposite to a light-emitting surface of the light guide plate; and ⁇ is an emission angle of the light source.
  • the light source comprises an LED having an illumination angle in the range of 110° to 120°.
  • the refractive index of the light guide plate and the concentrating element has a range of 1.45 to 1.60.
  • the distance between the light source and the concentrating element is between 0.1 mm and 0.3 mm.
  • a reflective element disposed on a surface of the light guide plate opposite to a light emitting surface of the light guide plate and a bonding member for bonding the reflective element to the light guide plate Adhesive layer.
  • the refractive index of the adhesive layer has a range greater than 1 and less than or equal to 1.35.
  • a display device including any of the backlight modules and display panels of the embodiments described herein.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a backlight module
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a backlight module in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of geometric parameters of various components of a backlight module in the case where the concentrating element is a hemispherical convex lens in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic representation of geometric parameters of various components of a backlight module in the case where the concentrating element is an isosceles prism in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic structural view of a display device in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • an element or layer when an element or layer is referred to as being “on” another element or layer, it may be directly on the other element or layer, or an element or layer may be present; likewise, when the element or layer is When the other element or layer is "under”, it may be directly under the other element or layer, or there may be at least one intermediate element or layer; when the element or layer is referred to as being between the two or two layers It may be a single element or layer between two or two layers, or more than one intermediate element or layer may be present.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a backlight module.
  • the backlight module may include a light guide plate 101; and a light source 102 disposed near the light incident side of the light guide plate 101. At least a portion of the light emitted by the light source may enter the light guide plate from the light incident side of the light guide plate and be guided by the light guide plate to respective light exit points of the light guide plate so that light may be emitted from the light exit point of the light guide plate and may be positioned above the light guide plate. Display panel utilization.
  • the backlight module shown in FIG. 1 is used in a liquid crystal display device, it is found that the brightness on the light incident side close to the light guide plate is higher, and on the side of the light guide plate farther from the light incident side (the far side) The brightness is low, that is, there is a problem that the brightness is uneven.
  • the light source available for illuminating the light guide plate on the market generally has a large illumination angle such that the edge portion 1 of the light beam entering the light guide plate from the light source is on the lower or upper surface of the light guide plate.
  • the disclosed content is a backlight module, which may include a light guide plate; a light source disposed adjacent to a light incident side of the light guide plate; and a concentrating element disposed between the light guide plate and the light source, the concentrating element being configured to Light from the light source incident on the surface of the light guide plate opposite to the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate can be made to satisfy the total reflection condition at the surface.
  • the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate refers to a surface from which light in the light guide plate can be emitted for use by the display panel.
  • the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate may be referred to as the upper surface of the light guide plate, and the surface facing the light-emitting surface may be referred to as the lower surface of the light guide plate.
  • the concentrating element can appropriately condense light emitted from the light source to reduce the diffusion angle of the light beam, thereby increasing the incident angle of light to the lower surface of the light guide plate. This makes it easier for light incident on the lower surface of the light guide plate to be totally reflected on the lower surface, so that more light can be transmitted to the high beam side of the light guide plate via total reflection, so that light emitted from the light exit point of the light guide plate can be improved. Uniformity.
  • the light source emits a divergent light beam
  • a part of the light that is emitted from the light source through the light collecting member to the light guide plate also hits the upper surface of the light guide plate.
  • Light that hits the upper surface can also be totally reflected.
  • its total reflection will be destroyed to be emitted from the light guide plate.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural view of a backlight module in some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the backlight module may include a light guide plate 101; a light source 102 disposed adjacent to a light incident side of the light guide plate 101; and a concentrating element 201 disposed between the light guide plate 101 and the light source 102, the concentrating light
  • the element 201 is configured such that a surface from the light source 102 incident on the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate 101 opposite to the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate 101 (the upper surface shown in FIG. 2) (the lower surface shown in FIG. 2) is disposed.
  • the light can satisfy the total reflection condition at the surface.
  • the light 1 is incident along the optical path 2 in the light guide plate 101 without providing the concentrating element 201.
  • the light ray 1 is incident along the optical path 3 at the incident angle in the light guide plate It is incident on the lower surface of the light guide plate 101.
  • the angle of incidence Greater than the angle of incidence Therefore, in the configuration shown in FIG. 2, the light having a large divergence angle from the light source 102 is concentrated by the concentrating element, and can have a large incident angle. It is incident on the upper surface and/or the lower surface of the light guide plate.
  • the light entering the light guide plate can be more easily totally reflected on the one hand in the light guide plate to propagate to the high beam side via total reflection, and on the other hand, a part of the light incident on the light exit point of the light guide plate can be emitted through the refracting light guide plate. Therefore, the uniformity of the emitted light can be improved.
  • the light exiting point of the surface of the light guide plate can destroy the total reflection condition of the light incident thereon, and as a result, the first partial light can be emitted from the upper surface of the light guide plate by refraction, and the second partial light can be By continuing to propagate through the total reflection in the light guide plate, the third portion of the light may be incident on the lower surface of the light guide plate at an angle smaller than the critical angle of total reflection and refracted from the lower surface, which will cause the portion of the light to be wasted.
  • the reflective member 202 may be disposed on the lower surface of the light guide plate.
  • the reflective element 202 can be bonded to the light guide plate 101 by an adhesive layer 203.
  • the refractive index of the adhesive layer is generally greater than the refractive index of air, so light is easier
  • the light is emitted from the lower surface of the light guide plate and is reflected by the reflective element toward the light exit surface of the light guide plate in the vicinity of the light incident side.
  • the problem of unevenness of the light emitted from the light guide plate is more conspicuous. Therefore, in an embodiment having a configuration of reflective elements, it is highly advantageous to employ a concentrating element to concentrate the diverging beam emitted by the light source to increase the angle of incidence incident on the lower surface of the light guide plate.
  • the concentrating element and the light guide plate may be formed of the same material.
  • the concentrating element and the light guide plate may be integrally molded by molding, which greatly simplifies the process.
  • the concentrating element and the light guide plate may be made of a glass material.
  • the concentrating element and the light guide plate may also be formed of a resin material, for example, PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), MS (methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer), PC (polycarbonate), etc.
  • the concentrating element and the light guide plate may also be formed of different materials, for example, the concentrating element is made of a glass material, and the light guide plate is made of a resin material. Other embodiments are also possible.
  • the concentrating element can be a concentrating prism, a concentrating lens, or a combination thereof.
  • the concentrating element can be a hemispherical convex lens.
  • the concentrating element can be an isosceles prism. It will be appreciated that the concentrating element may also have other geometries that are capable of concentrating light to increase the angle of incidence of light incident on the lower surface of the light guide.
  • the light source can be an LED (Light Emitting Diode) having an illumination angle of 110° to 120°.
  • the light guide plate and the concentrating element may have a refractive index of 1.45 to 1.60.
  • the light collecting element may be disposed on a surface of the light incident side of the light guide plate, and the light source is disposed at a distance of 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm from the light collecting element. It should be noted that the distance from the light source to the concentrating element may refer to the distance between the light source and the point of the concentrating element closest to the light source.
  • the adhesive layer can have greater than 1 and less than or equal to 1.35 Refractive index.
  • the geometric parameters of the concentrating element may be based on the refractive index of the light guide plate, the refractive index of the concentrating element, the refractive index of the ambient gas (eg, air), and the medium in contact with the lower surface of the light guide plate (The refractive index of the air or the adhesive layer, and the angle of illumination of the light source are selected.
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic representation of the geometrical parameters of the various components of the backlight module in the case where the concentrating element is a hemispherical convex lens.
  • the light source 102 may be disposed on the axis of symmetry of the semispherical convex lens 201, and the semispherical convex lens 201 and the light guide plate 101 may have the same refractive index (for example, both made of a glass material).
  • Equations (1) and (2) can be obtained based on the geometric relationship between the components in Fig. 3 and the law of refraction, and the maximum radius of the hemispherical convex lens can be calculated based on equations (1) and (2):
  • n 2 sin( ⁇ /2+ ⁇ ) n 1 sin(90°-arcsin(n 3 /n 1 )+ ⁇ ) (2)
  • d is the distance between the light source and the point of the hemispherical convex lens closest to the light source
  • ⁇ is the angle between the normal of the hemispherical convex lens and the axis of symmetry of the hemispherical convex lens at the intersection of the edge of the light beam emitted by the light source and the hemispherical surface of the hemispherical convex lens;
  • n 1 is a refractive index of the light guide plate and the semispherical convex lens
  • n 2 is the refractive index of the ambient gas (air), and its value is usually 1;
  • n 3 is a refractive index of a medium that is in contact with a side opposite to a light-emitting surface of the light guide plate (the lower surface of the light guide plate in FIG. 3);
  • ⁇ is the angle of illumination of the light source.
  • the hemispherical convex lens having a radius not larger than that calculated according to the above equations (1) and (2) can increase the incident angle of light incident on the lower surface of the light guide plate so that the light is on the light guide plate.
  • the lower surface satisfies the total reflection condition.
  • the medium in contact with the lower surface of the light guide plate is an adhesive layer for bonding the reflective member
  • the light-emitting angle ⁇ of the light source is 120°
  • the point of the light source and the hemispherical convex lens closest to the light source The distance d between them is 0.2 mm
  • the refractive index n 3 of the adhesive layer is 1.35
  • the refractive index n 1 of the light guide plate and the hemispherical convex lens is 1.5
  • the refractive index n 2 of the ambient gas is 1, then according to the formula (1) and Equation (2) can calculate that the minimum radius r of the hemispherical convex lens is equal to 1.81 mm.
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic representation of the geometrical parameters of the components of the backlight module in the case where the concentrating element is an isosceles prism.
  • the light source 102 may be disposed on the axis of symmetry of the isosceles prism 201, and the refractive indices of the isosceles prism 201 and the light guide plate 101 may be the same (for example, all made of a glass material).
  • the minimum base angle ⁇ of the isosceles prism can be calculated by the following equation:
  • n 2 sin( ⁇ /2+ ⁇ ) n 1 sin(90°-arcsin(n 3 /n 1 )+ ⁇ ) (3)
  • n 1 is a refractive index of the light guide plate and the isosceles prism
  • n 2 is the refractive index of the ambient gas
  • n 3 is a refractive index of a medium which is in contact with the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate (the lower surface of the light guide plate in Fig. 4).
  • ⁇ is the angle of illumination of the light source.
  • the isosceles prism having not less than the base angle calculated according to the above equation (3) can increase the incident angle of light incident on the lower surface of the light guide plate so that the light satisfies the lower surface of the light guide plate. Total reflection condition.
  • the light source and the concentrating element may be selected based on the thickness of the light guide plate, wherein the light source may be selected to emit a light beam at
  • the spot on the plane where the light incident surface of the light guide plate is located is not larger than the dimension in the thickness direction of the light guide plate; the size of the light collecting member in the thickness direction of the light guide plate may be set to be not less than the light beam emitted from the light source on the light guide plate.
  • the disclosure herein also relates to a display device.
  • the display device can include a backlight module in accordance with the disclosure, such as a backlight module in accordance with one or more embodiments disclosed in detail above. Correct For alternative embodiments of the display device, reference may be made to the description of various embodiments of the backlight module.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic structural view of a display device in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the display device in one embodiment of the present disclosure may include a backlight module 501 and a display panel 502 in any of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 2 to 3.
  • the foregoing description of the embodiments has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the application.
  • the various elements or features of a particular embodiment are generally not limited to the specific embodiments, but, where appropriate, these elements and features are interchangeable and can be used in the selected embodiments, even if not specifically illustrated or described. . It can also be changed in many ways. Such changes are not to be regarded as a departure from the present application, and all such modifications are included within the scope of the present application.

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Abstract

一种背光模组（501）和显示装置，其中背光模组（501），包括：导光板（101）；设置为邻近导光板（101）的光入射侧的光源（102）；以及设置在导光板（101）和光源（102）之间的聚光元件（201），用于使从光源（102）的入射到导光板（101）的与导光板（101）的出光面相对的表面上的光在表面处满足全反射条件。

Description

背光模组及显示装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2017年02月09日递交的中国专利申请第201720121536.8号的优先权和权益，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一部分。
技术领域
本公开的实施例涉及显示技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种背光模组及显示装置。
背景技术
液晶显示装置是一种主要的平板显示装置。因其具有体积小、功耗低、无辐射以及制作成本相对较低等特点，而越来越多地应用于高性能显示领域当中。对于液晶显示装置来说，由于液晶本身不发光，因此需要在液晶显示面板的背侧设置发光单元，例如背光模组，才能实现液晶显示装置的显示功能。背光模组的作用在于为显示面板提供亮度高且显示均匀的面光源，以使显示面板能够正常显示影像。
实用新型内容
本公开的实施例提供了一种背光模组及显示装置。
在本公开的一个方面，提供一种背光模组，包括：导光板；设置为邻近所述导光板的光入射侧的光源；以及设置在所述导光板和所述光源之间的聚光元件，用于使从所述光源的入射到所述导光板的与所述导光板的出光面相对的表面上的光在所述表面处满足全反射条件。
在一个或多个实施例中，所述聚光元件设置在所述导光板的所述光入射侧的表面上。
在一个或多个实施例中，所述聚光元件和所述导光板由相同材料形成。
在一个或多个实施例中，所述聚光元件和所述导光板包括玻璃材料或树脂材料。
在一个或多个实施例中，所述聚光元件包括聚光棱镜、聚光透镜或其组合。
在一个或多个实施例中，所述聚光元件包括半球形凸透镜。
在一个或多个实施例中，所述半球形凸透镜的最大半径r根据以下等式计算：
d+r·(1-cosθ)＝r·sinθ/tan(α/2)
其中，所述光源设置在所述半球形凸透镜的对称轴上，且所述半球形凸透镜和所述导光板的折射率相同；d为所述光源与所述半球形凸透镜的最靠近所述光源的点之间的距离；θ为在所述光源发出的光的边缘光线与所述半球形凸透镜的半球形表面的交点处所述半球形凸透镜的法线与所述对称轴的夹角，其通过以下等式计算：
n2sin(α/2+θ)＝n1sin(90°-arcsin(n3/n1)+θ)；
其中，n1为所述导光板和所述半球形凸透镜的折射率；n2为环境气体的折射率；n3为与所述导光板的出光面相对一侧接触的介质的折射率；α为所述光源的发光角度。
在一个或多个实施例中，所述聚光元件包括等腰三棱镜。
在一个或多个实施例中，所述等腰三棱镜具有根据以下等式计算的最小底角β：
n2sin(α/2+β)＝n1sin(90°-arcsin(n3/n1)+β)
其中，所述光源设置在所述等腰三棱镜的对称轴上，且所述等腰三棱镜和所述导光板的折射率相同；n1为所述导光板和所述等腰三棱镜的折射率；n2为环境气体的折射率；n3为与所述导光板的出光面相对一侧接触的介质的折射率；α为所述光源的发光角度。
在一个或多个实施例中，所述光源包括LED，其发光角度具有110°至120°的范围。
在一个或多个实施例中，所述导光板和所述聚光元件的折射率具有1.45至1.60的范围。
在一个或多个实施例中，所述光源与所述聚光元件之间的距离位于0.1mm至0.3mm之间。
在一个或多个实施例中，还包括设置在所述导光板的与所述导光板的出光面相对的表面上的反射元件和用于将所述反射元件粘合到所述导光板上的粘合层。
在一个或多个实施例中，所述粘合层的折射率具有大于1并且小于或等于1.35的范围。
在本公开的另一个方面，提供一种显示装置，包括本文描述的实施例中的任一种背光模组以及显示面板。
适应性的进一步的方面和范围从本文中提供的描述变得明显。应当理解，本申请的各个方面或实施例可以单独或者与一个或多个其他方面或实施例组合实施。还应当理解，本文中的描述和特定实施例旨在仅说明的目的并不旨在限制本申请的范围。
附图说明
本文中描述的附图用于仅对所选择的实施例的说明的目的，并不是所有可能的实施方式，并且不旨在限制本申请的范围，其中：
图1示出一种背光模组的结构示意图；
图2示出在本公开的实施例中的背光模组的结构示意图；
图3示出在本公开的实施例中在聚光元件为半球形凸透镜的情况下背光模组的各部件的几何参数的示意性表示；
图4示出在本公开的实施例中在聚光元件为等腰三棱镜的情况下背光模组的各组件的几何参数的示意性表示；以及
图5示出在本公开的实施例中的显示装置的结构示意图。
贯穿这些附图的各个视图，相应的参考编号指示相应的部件或特征。
具体实施方式
现将参照附图更全面地描述示例性的实施例。其作为本公开的示例性示例而提供，以使得本领域技术人员能够实现本公开。值得注意的是，以下附图和示例并不意味着限制本公开的范围。在使用已知的组件可以部分或全部实现本公开的特定元件的情况下，将仅描述对理解本公开所需要的这种已知组件的那些部分，并且这种已知组件的其它部分的详细描述将被省略以便不会混淆本公开。进一步地，各种实施例通过说明的方式包含与在此涉及的组件等同的现在和未来已知的等同物。
在本公开的描述中，术语“上”、“之上”、“下”、“之下”、“之间”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。此外，当元件或层被称为在另一元件或层“上”时，它可以直接在该另一元件或层上，或者可以存在中间的元件或层；同样，当元件或层被称为在另一元件或层“下”时，它可以直接在该另一元件或层下，或者可以存在至少一个中间的元件或层；当元件或层被称为在两元件或两层“之间”时，其可以为该两元件或两层之间的唯一的元件或层，或者可以存在一个以上的中间元件或层。
除非上下文中另外明确地指出，否则当介绍本申请的元素及其实施例时，冠词“一”、“一个”、“该”和“所述”旨在表示存在一个或者多个要素；除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上；用语“包含”、“包括”、“含有”和“具有”旨在包括性的并且表示可以存在除所列要素之外的另外的要素。
图1示出一种背光模组的结构示意图。如图1所示，背光模组可以包括导光板101；以及设置在导光板101的光入射侧附近的光源102。由光源发出的至少一部分光可以从导光板的光入射侧进入导光板，并由导光板引导到导光板的各个出光点，以便光可以从导光板的出光点射出并且可以被位于导光板上方的显示面板利用。
通常，人们期望进入导光板的光能够从导光板的出光面上的出光点均 匀地射出，以便均匀地照射显示面板。然而，在图1所示出的背光模组用于液晶显示装置时，发现在靠近导光板的光入射侧的亮度较高，而在导光板的远离光入射侧的一侧(远光侧)的亮度较低，即，存在亮度不均匀的问题。产生这种问题的一个原因是：市场上可得的用于照射导光板的光源通常具有较大的发光角度，使得从光源进入导光板的光束的边缘部分1在导光板的下表面或上表面处具有较小的入射角(小于全反射临界角)，因此许多不期望的光在导光板的光入射侧附近通过折射从导光板的上表面和/或下表面射出，而只有很少部分的光能够通过全反射传播到导光板的远光侧，因此会出现光入射侧附近亮度较高，而远光侧亮度较低的现象。
所公开的内容是一种背光模组，其可以包括导光板；设置为邻近导光板的光入射侧的光源；以及设置在导光板和光源之间的聚光元件，该聚光元件被配置为使得来自光源的入射到导光板的与导光板的出光面相对的表面上的光在该表面处可以满足全反射条件。
在本公开的实施例中，导光板的出光面是指在导光板内的光可以从该表面射出以供显示面板所利用的表面。为了使得光能够从导光板的出光面射出，通常可以在导光板的出光面上设置一些出光点，使得在导光板内传播的光在出光点处出射。在本实施例中，为了方便起见，在本文中可以将导光板的出光面表述为导光板的上表面，而将与出光面向对的表面表述为导光板的下表面。
在本公开的实施例中，聚光元件可以将光源发出的光进行适当会聚，以减少光束的扩散角度，从而增大光到导光板的下表面的入射角。这使得入射到导光板的下表面的光更容易在下表面发生全反射，因此可以使更多的光经由全反射传播到导光板的远光侧，从而可以提高从导光板的出光点出射的光的均匀性。
可以理解，由于光源发出的是发散光束，从光源经由聚光元件射向导光板的光中的一部分也会射向导光板的上表面。射向上表面的光也可以进行全反射。但是，对于射到位于上表面上的出光点的光，其全反射将被破坏，以便从导光板射出。
图2示出在本公开的一些实施例中的背光模组的结构示意图。如图2所示，该背光模组可以包括导光板101；设置为邻近导光板101的光入射侧的光源102；以及设置在导光板101和光源102之间的聚光元件201，该聚光元件201被配置为使得来自于光源102的入射到导光板101的与导光板101的出光面(在图2中所示的上表面)相对的表面(在图2中所示的下表面)上的光在该表面处可以满足全反射条件。
如图2所示，在不设置聚光元件201的情况下光线1在导光板101内沿着光路2以入射角
Figure PCTCN2017101259-appb-000001
入射到导光板101的下表面；在设置聚光元件201的情况下光线1在导光板内沿着光路3以入射角
Figure PCTCN2017101259-appb-000002
入射到导光板101的下表面。显然，入射角
Figure PCTCN2017101259-appb-000003
大于入射角
Figure PCTCN2017101259-appb-000004
因此，在图2所示的这种配置中，来自光源102的具有较大发散角度的光经过聚光元件会聚后，可以以较大的入射角
Figure PCTCN2017101259-appb-000005
入射到导光板的上表面和/或下表面。因此，进入导光板的光在导光板内一方面可以更容易全反射，以便经由全反射向远光侧传播，另一方面入射到导光板的出光点的光的一部分可以通过折射射出导光板，因此可以提高出射光的均匀性。
可以理解，从光源经由聚光元件射向导光板的下表面的光在下表面进行一次全反射后，由于各种因素的影响，不可避免地会存在不再满足全反射条件的光线，这些光线可能会从导光板的下表面射出而不能被显示装置利用，造成光能的浪费。例如，如上所述，导光板上表面的出光点可破坏射到其上的光的全反射条件，其结果是，使得第一部分光可以通过折射从导光板的上表面射出，第二部分光可以通过全反射在导光板内继续传播，第三部分光可能以小于全反射临界角的角度射向导光板的下表面并经折射从下表面射出，这将导致该部分光浪费。
在本公开的一个实施例中，为了减少光从导光板的下表面出射而造成的浪费，如图2所示，可以在导光板的下表面布置反射元件202。在一个或多个实施例中，可以通过粘合层203将反射元件202与导光板101粘合。
在具有反射元件的配置中，由于粘合层的折射率通常大于空气的折射率，光在导光板的下表面发生全反射的所需的临界角更大，因此光更容易 从导光板的下表面射出，并被反射元件在光入射侧附近反射朝向导光板的出光面，在这种情况下，上述的从导光板出射的光的不均匀问题更加明显。因此，在具有反射元件的配置的实施例中，采用聚光元件对光源发出的发散光束的会聚来增大入射到导光板的下表面的入射角是非常有利的。
在一个或多个实施例中，聚光元件和导光板可以由相同的材料形成，在这种配置中，可以通过模制的方式将聚光元件和导光板一体成型，能够大大简化工艺。
在一个或多个实施例中，聚光元件和导光板可以由玻璃材料制成。通过这种配置，由于玻璃材料具有较高的强度，由该材料制成的导光板可以具有较小的厚度，并且不需要专门的背板来支撑，因此可以减小背光模组的厚度。可以理解，在本公开的实施例中，聚光元件和导光板也可以由树脂材料形成，例如，PMMA(聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯)、MS(甲基丙烯酸甲酯-苯乙烯共聚物)、PC(聚碳酸酯)等。聚光元件和导光板也可以由不同材料形成，例如聚光元件由玻璃材料制成，而导光板由树脂材料制成。其他实施例也是可行的。
在一个或多个实施例中，聚光元件可以为聚光棱镜、聚光透镜或其组合。在一个实施例中，聚光元件可以为半球形凸透镜。在另一个实施例中，聚光元件可以为等腰三棱镜。可以理解，聚光元件的也可以具有能够会聚光线以增大入射到导光板的下表面的光的入射角的其他几何形状。
在一个或多个实施例中，光源可以为LED(发光二极管)，其具有110°至120°的发光角度。
在一个或多个实施例中，导光板和聚光元件可以具有1.45至1.60的折射率。
在一个或多个实施例中，可以将聚光元件设置在导光板的光入射侧的表面，并将光源设置在距离聚光元件0.1mm至0.3mm处。需要说明的是，光源到聚光元件的距离可以是指光源与聚光元件的最靠近光源的点之间的距离。
在一个或多个实施例中，粘合层可以具有大于1并且小于或等于1.35 的折射率。
在一个或多个实施例中，聚光元件的几何参数可以基于导光板的折射率、聚光元件的折射率、环境气体(例如空气)的折射率、与导光板的下表面接触的介质(空气或粘合层)的折射率、以及光源的发光角度等参数来选择。
图3示出了在聚光元件为半球形凸透镜的情况下背光模组的各部件的几何参数的示意性表示。在图3示出的背光模组中，光源102可以设置在半球形凸透镜201的对称轴上，且半球形凸透镜201和导光板101可以具有相同的折射率(例如都由玻璃材料制成)。基于图3中部件间的几何关系以及折射定律可以得到等式(1)和(2)，基于等式(1)和(2)可以计算半球形凸透镜的最大半径：
d+r·(1-cosθ)＝r·sinθ/tan(α/2)         (1)
n2sin(α/2+θ)＝n1sin(90°-arcsin(n3/n1)+θ)    (2)
其中，d为光源与半球形凸透镜的最靠近光源的点之间的距离；
θ为在光源发出的光束的最边缘光线与半球形凸透镜的半球形表面的交点处半球形凸透镜的法线与半球形凸透镜的对称轴的夹角；
n1为导光板和半球形凸透镜的折射率；
n2为环境气体(空气)的折射率，其值通常为1；
n3为与导光板的出光面相对一侧(图3中导光板的下表面)接触的介质的折射率；
α为光源的发光角度。
在该实施例中，具有不大于根据以上等式(1)和(2)计算的半径的半球形凸透镜可以增大入射到导光板的下表面的光的入射角，以使光在导光板的下表面满足全反射条件。
示例地，在与导光板的下表面接触的介质为用于粘合反射元件的粘合层的情况下，假定光源的发光角度α为120°；光源与半球形凸透镜的最靠近光源的点之间的距离d为0.2mm；粘合层的折射率n3为1.35；导光板和半球形凸透镜的折射率n1为1.5；环境气体的折射率n2为1，那么根据式 (1)和式(2)可以计算出半球形凸透镜的最小半径r等于1.81mm。
可以理解，以上式(1)和式(2)是在假定导光板和半球形凸透镜具有相同折射率的情况下得出的，当它们具有不同的折射率时，同样可以基于几何关系和折射定律来计算半球形凸透镜的最小半径。
图4示出了在聚光元件为等腰三棱镜的情况下背光模组的各组件的几何参数的示意性表示。在图4示出的背光模组中，光源102可以设置在等腰三棱镜201的对称轴上，且等腰三棱镜201和导光板101的折射率可以相同(例如都由玻璃材料制成)。基于图4所示的几何关系以及折射定律，可以通过以下等式计算等腰三棱镜的最小底角β：
n2sin(α/2+β)＝n1sin(90°-arcsin(n3/n1)+β)     (3)
其中，n1为导光板和等腰三棱镜的折射率；
n2为环境气体的折射率；
n3为与导光板的出光面相对一侧(图4中导光板的下表面)接触的介质的折射率。
α为光源的发光角度。
在该实施例中，具有不大于根据以上等式(3)计算的底角的等腰三棱镜可以增大入射到导光板的下表面的光的入射角，以使光在导光板的下表面满足全反射条件。
在一个或多个实施例中，为了使得光源发出的光得到充分利用，提高光能利用率，可以基于导光板的厚度选择光源和聚光元件，其中，光源可以被选择为其发出的光束在导光板的光入射表面所在的平面上的光斑不大于导光板的厚度方向上的尺寸；可以将聚光元件在导光板的厚度方向上的尺寸设置为不小于光源发出的光束在导光板的光入射表面处的光斑在导光板的厚度方向上的尺寸。也就是说，聚光元件在导光板的厚度方向上的尺寸可以被设置使得光源发出的所有光都能够入射到聚光元件上，并透射通过聚光元件以进入导光板。
本文所公开的内容还涉及一种显示装置。该显示装置可以包括根据公开的背光模组，诸如根据上面详细公开的一个多个实施例的背光模组。对 于该显示装置的可选实施例，可以参考关于背光模组的各种实施例的描述。
图5示出在本公开的实施例中的显示装置的结构示意图。如图5所示，在本公开的一个实施例中的显示装置可以包括如图2至图3所示的任一实施例中的背光模组501以及显示面板502。以上为了说明和描述的目的提供了实施例的前述描述。其并不旨在是穷举的或者限制本申请。特定实施例的各个元件或特征通常不限于特定的实施例，但是，在合适的情况下，这些元件和特征是可互换的并且可用在所选择的实施例中，即使没有具体示出或描述。同样也可以以许多方式来改变。这种改变不能被认为脱离了本申请，并且所有这些修改都包含在本申请的范围内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种背光模组，包括：
    导光板；
    设置为邻近所述导光板的光入射侧的光源；以及
    设置在所述导光板和所述光源之间的聚光元件，所述聚光元件被配置为使得从所述光源的入射到所述导光板的与所述导光板的出光面相对的表面上的光在所述表面处满足全反射条件。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的背光模组，其中，所述聚光元件设置在所述导光板的所述光入射侧的表面上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的背光模组，其中，所述聚光元件和所述导光板由相同材料形成。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的背光模组，其中，所述聚光元件和所述导光板包括玻璃材料或树脂材料。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的背光模组，其中，所述聚光元件包括聚光棱镜、聚光透镜或其组合。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的背光模组，其中，所述聚光元件包括半球形凸透镜。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的背光模组，其中，所述半球形凸透镜的最大半径r根据以下等式计算：
    d+r·(1-cosθ)＝r·sinθ/tan(α/2)
    其中，所述光源设置在所述半球形凸透镜的对称轴上，且所述半球形凸透镜和所述导光板的折射率相同；
    d为所述光源与所述半球形凸透镜的最靠近所述光源的点之间的距离；
    θ为在所述光源发出的光的边缘光线与所述半球形凸透镜的半球形表面的交点处所述半球形凸透镜的法线与所述对称轴的夹角，其通过以下等式计算：
    n2sin(α/2+θ)＝n1sin(90°-arcsin(n3/n1)+θ)；
    其中，n1为所述导光板和所述半球形凸透镜的折射率；
    n2为环境气体的折射率；
    n3为与所述导光板的出光面相对一侧接触的介质的折射率；
    α为所述光源的发光角度。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的背光模组，其中，所述聚光元件包括等腰三棱镜。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的背光模组，其中，所述等腰三棱镜具有根据以下等式计算的最小底角β：
    n2sin(α/2+β)＝n1sin(90°-arcsin(n3/n1)+β)
    其中，所述光源设置在所述等腰三棱镜的对称轴上，且所述等腰三棱镜和所述导光板的折射率相同；
    n1为所述导光板和所述等腰三棱镜的折射率；
    n2为环境气体的折射率；
    n3为与所述导光板的出光面相对一侧接触的介质的折射率；
    α为所述光源的发光角度。
  10. 根据权利要求6至9中任一项所述的背光模组，其中，所述光源包括LED，其发光角度具有110°至120°的范围。
  11. 根据权利要求6至9中任一项所述的背光模组，其中，所述导光板和所述聚光元件的折射率具有1.45至1.60的范围。
  12. 根据权利要求6至9中任一项所述的背光模组，其中，所述光源与所述聚光元件之间的距离位于0.1mm至0.3mm之间。
  13. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的背光模组，还包括设置在所述导光板的与所述导光板的出光面相对的表面上的反射元件和用于将所述反射元件粘合到所述导光板上的粘合层。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的背光模组，其中，所述粘合层的折射率具有大于1并且小于或等于1.35的范围。
  15. 一种显示装置，包括显示面板和根据权利要求1至14中任一项所述的背光模组。
PCT/CN2017/101259 2017-02-09 2017-09-11 背光模组及显示装置 Ceased WO2018145455A1 (zh)

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